@stevenvo780/st-lang 4.7.0 → 4.9.0

package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/auctions.js.map

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package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/index.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+export type { Agent, MechanismOutcome, AuctionResult, SealedBidAuction, BidderDistribution, } from './types';
+export { vcgMechanism, socialWelfare, isStrategyProof } from './vcg';
+export { firstPriceSealed, secondPriceSealed, englishAuction, dutchAuction } from './auctions';
+export { myersonOptimal, virtualValuation, findReserve, expectedRevenue, sampleFromDistribution, uniformDistribution, } from './myerson';
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map

package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/index.d.ts.map

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package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/index.js

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+"use strict";
+// ============================================================
+// Mechanism design — barrel público
+// ============================================================
+//
+// Implementación de los mecanismos canónicos de la teoría:
+//
+//   - VCG (Vickrey-Clarke-Groves): allocation que maximiza welfare,
+//     pagos por externalidad. DSIC.
+//   - First-price sealed-bid: ganador paga su bid.
+//   - Second-price sealed-bid (Vickrey): ganador paga el segundo
+//     precio. DSIC. Coincide con VCG para 1 item.
+//   - English ascending: reloj sube, sale el último parado.
+//   - Dutch descending: reloj baja, gana el primero en aceptar.
+//   - Myerson optimal auction: maximiza expected revenue via virtual
+//     valuations + reserve price.
+//
+// Helpers:
+//   - socialWelfare, isStrategyProof (empírico)
+//   - virtualValuation, expectedRevenue (Monte Carlo)
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.uniformDistribution = exports.sampleFromDistribution = exports.expectedRevenue = exports.findReserve = exports.virtualValuation = exports.myersonOptimal = exports.dutchAuction = exports.englishAuction = exports.secondPriceSealed = exports.firstPriceSealed = exports.isStrategyProof = exports.socialWelfare = exports.vcgMechanism = void 0;
+var vcg_1 = require("./vcg");
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "vcgMechanism", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return vcg_1.vcgMechanism; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "socialWelfare", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return vcg_1.socialWelfare; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "isStrategyProof", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return vcg_1.isStrategyProof; } });
+var auctions_1 = require("./auctions");
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "firstPriceSealed", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return auctions_1.firstPriceSealed; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "secondPriceSealed", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return auctions_1.secondPriceSealed; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "englishAuction", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return auctions_1.englishAuction; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "dutchAuction", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return auctions_1.dutchAuction; } });
+var myerson_1 = require("./myerson");
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "myersonOptimal", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return myerson_1.myersonOptimal; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "virtualValuation", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return myerson_1.virtualValuation; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "findReserve", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return myerson_1.findReserve; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "expectedRevenue", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return myerson_1.expectedRevenue; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "sampleFromDistribution", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return myerson_1.sampleFromDistribution; } });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "uniformDistribution", { enumerable: true, get: function () { return myerson_1.uniformDistribution; } });
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.js.map

package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/index.js.map

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package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/myerson.d.ts

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+import type { BidderDistribution, AuctionResult } from './types';
+/**
+ * Virtual valuation φ(v) = v - (1 - F(v)) / f(v).
+ *
+ * Si f(v) ≈ 0 retornamos +Infinity (límite del término penalty).
+ * Si v cae fuera del dominio, devolvemos -Infinity (no participa).
+ */
+export declare function virtualValuation(v: number, dist: BidderDistribution): number;
+/**
+ * Resuelve φ(r) = 0 por bisección en el dominio de la distribución.
+ *
+ * Si φ(lo) >= 0, devuelve lo. Si φ(hi) <= 0, devuelve hi. Si no, busca
+ * con tolerancia 1e-8 en 80 iteraciones.
+ *
+ * Asume regularidad de la distribución (φ monótona creciente). En
+ * uniform[0,1]: φ(v) = 2v - 1, raíz en 1/2. ✔
+ */
+export declare function findReserve(dist: BidderDistribution): number;
+/**
+ * Myerson optimal auction (single-item).
+ *
+ * - Si todos los φ_i(bid_i) son negativos → no se vende. winner='',
+ *   payment=0, reserve = φ_i^(-1)(0) del primer bidder (referencia).
+ *
+ * - Si el ganador es bidder i (max φ), paga el menor v' tal que
+ *   reportar v' lo habría hecho ganar:
+ *
+ *     paymentValue = max( reserve_i, min_v { v : φ_i(v) >= max_{j≠i} φ_j(bid_j) } )
+ *
+ *   En el caso IID con simétria, esto es:
+ *     paymentValue = max( reserve, secondHighestBid )
+ *
+ *   que es exactamente Vickrey con reserve.
+ */
+export declare function myersonOptimal(bids: Map<string, number>, distributions: Map<string, BidderDistribution>): {
+    winner: string;
+    payment: number;
+    reserve: number;
+};
+/**
+ * Muestrea una valuation de una distribución por inverse-CDF
+ * sampling. Usamos bisección sobre F.
+ */
+export declare function sampleFromDistribution(dist: BidderDistribution, u: number): number;
+/**
+ * Expected revenue de un mechanism via Monte Carlo: muestreamos
+ * `samples` perfiles de bids (cada bidder draw de su distribución
+ * independientemente, asumiendo truthful bidding para 2nd-price /
+ * Myerson, o equilibrium bidding aproximado para 1st-price), corremos
+ * el mechanism y promediamos el payment del ganador.
+ *
+ * Nota: para 1st-price con IID uniform[0,1] y n bidders, el bid
+ * de equilibrio es b(v) = (n-1)/n · v. El caller debe pasar un
+ * mechanism que ya implemente ese mapping si quiere comparar contra
+ * 2nd-price truthful.
+ */
+export declare function expectedRevenue(mechanism: (bids: Map<string, number>) => AuctionResult, distributions: Map<string, BidderDistribution>, samples?: number): number;
+/**
+ * Helper: distribución uniform sobre [a, b]. Útil para tests.
+ * (No exportada en index — solo helper interno aquí; los tests
+ * pueden importarlo directamente.)
+ */
+export declare function uniformDistribution(a: number, b: number): BidderDistribution;
+//# sourceMappingURL=myerson.d.ts.map

package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/myerson.d.ts.map

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package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/myerson.js

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+"use strict";
+// ============================================================
+// Myerson optimal auction + revenue equivalence
+// ============================================================
+//
+// Myerson (1981): para vender 1 item a `n` bidders independientes con
+// valuations privadas de distribuciones regulares F_i, el mechanism
+// óptimo en expected revenue es:
+//
+//   1. Calcular virtual valuation φ_i(v) = v - (1 - F_i(v)) / f_i(v).
+//   2. Asignar al bidder con MAYOR φ_i (si > 0, si no, no asignar →
+//      reserve price implícito r_i tal que φ_i(r_i) = 0).
+//   3. Cobrar al ganador el menor bid que lo habría hecho ganar
+//      (Vickrey-style payment sobre virtual valuations).
+//
+// Para distribuciones simétricas (todos los bidders i.i.d. con misma
+// F), φ es la misma función para todos; el mechanism colapsa a una
+// second-price auction con reserve price r = φ^(-1)(0).
+//
+// Revenue equivalence theorem: en cualquier mechanism que (a) asigne
+// al bidder con mayor valuation y (b) dé utilidad 0 al bidder con
+// valuation 0 ("regularity boundary"), el expected revenue es el
+// mismo. → 1st-price y 2nd-price tienen igual revenue esperado bajo
+// IID.
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.virtualValuation = virtualValuation;
+exports.findReserve = findReserve;
+exports.myersonOptimal = myersonOptimal;
+exports.sampleFromDistribution = sampleFromDistribution;
+exports.expectedRevenue = expectedRevenue;
+exports.uniformDistribution = uniformDistribution;
+/**
+ * Virtual valuation φ(v) = v - (1 - F(v)) / f(v).
+ *
+ * Si f(v) ≈ 0 retornamos +Infinity (límite del término penalty).
+ * Si v cae fuera del dominio, devolvemos -Infinity (no participa).
+ */
+function virtualValuation(v, dist) {
+    const [lo, hi] = dist.domain;
+    if (v < lo || v > hi)
+        return -Infinity;
+    const f = dist.pdf(v);
+    if (!Number.isFinite(f) || Math.abs(f) < 1e-15) {
+        // En el borde superior, F(v) = 1 → (1-F)/f = 0/0; tomamos v como límite.
+        if (Math.abs(1 - dist.cdf(v)) < 1e-12)
+            return v;
+        return v;
+    }
+    const F = dist.cdf(v);
+    return v - (1 - F) / f;
+}
+/**
+ * Resuelve φ(r) = 0 por bisección en el dominio de la distribución.
+ *
+ * Si φ(lo) >= 0, devuelve lo. Si φ(hi) <= 0, devuelve hi. Si no, busca
+ * con tolerancia 1e-8 en 80 iteraciones.
+ *
+ * Asume regularidad de la distribución (φ monótona creciente). En
+ * uniform[0,1]: φ(v) = 2v - 1, raíz en 1/2. ✔
+ */
+function findReserve(dist) {
+    const [lo, hi] = dist.domain;
+    const phiLo = virtualValuation(lo, dist);
+    const phiHi = virtualValuation(hi, dist);
+    if (phiLo >= 0)
+        return lo;
+    if (phiHi <= 0)
+        return hi;
+    let l = lo;
+    let h = hi;
+    for (let i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
+        const m = (l + h) / 2;
+        const phi = virtualValuation(m, dist);
+        if (phi > 0)
+            h = m;
+        else
+            l = m;
+        if (h - l < 1e-9)
+            break;
+    }
+    return (l + h) / 2;
+}
+/**
+ * Myerson optimal auction (single-item).
+ *
+ * - Si todos los φ_i(bid_i) son negativos → no se vende. winner='',
+ *   payment=0, reserve = φ_i^(-1)(0) del primer bidder (referencia).
+ *
+ * - Si el ganador es bidder i (max φ), paga el menor v' tal que
+ *   reportar v' lo habría hecho ganar:
+ *
+ *     paymentValue = max( reserve_i, min_v { v : φ_i(v) >= max_{j≠i} φ_j(bid_j) } )
+ *
+ *   En el caso IID con simétria, esto es:
+ *     paymentValue = max( reserve, secondHighestBid )
+ *
+ *   que es exactamente Vickrey con reserve.
+ */
+function myersonOptimal(bids, distributions) {
+    const ids = [...bids.keys()].sort();
+    if (ids.length === 0) {
+        return { winner: '', payment: 0, reserve: 0 };
+    }
+    // Buscamos el bidder con mayor virtual valuation positivo.
+    let winner = '';
+    let bestPhi = 0; // estricto > 0 — el reserve viene de φ(r) = 0
+    let secondPhi = 0;
+    for (const id of ids) {
+        const b = bids.get(id) ?? 0;
+        const dist = distributions.get(id);
+        if (!dist)
+            continue;
+        const phi = virtualValuation(b, dist);
+        if (phi > bestPhi) {
+            secondPhi = bestPhi;
+            bestPhi = phi;
+            winner = id;
+        }
+        else if (phi > secondPhi) {
+            secondPhi = phi;
+        }
+    }
+    // Reserve de referencia: del primer bidder (todos los i.i.d. comparten).
+    const firstDist = distributions.get(ids[0]);
+    if (!firstDist) {
+        return { winner: '', payment: 0, reserve: 0 };
+    }
+    const referenceReserve = findReserve(firstDist);
+    if (winner === '') {
+        return { winner: '', payment: 0, reserve: referenceReserve };
+    }
+    const winnerDist = distributions.get(winner);
+    if (!winnerDist) {
+        return { winner: '', payment: 0, reserve: referenceReserve };
+    }
+    const winnerReserve = findReserve(winnerDist);
+    // Pago: el menor valor v* tal que φ_winner(v*) >= max(secondPhi, 0).
+    // En IID: φ es monótona, así que invertimos por bisección.
+    const targetPhi = Math.max(secondPhi, 0);
+    let payment = invertVirtual(winnerDist, targetPhi);
+    if (payment < winnerReserve)
+        payment = winnerReserve;
+    // Sanity: el pago no puede exceder el bid del ganador.
+    const winnerBid = bids.get(winner) ?? 0;
+    if (payment > winnerBid)
+        payment = winnerBid;
+    return { winner, payment, reserve: winnerReserve };
+}
+/**
+ * Inverte φ: encuentra v* tal que φ(v*) = target. Asume regularidad.
+ * Si target <= φ(lo), devuelve lo. Si target >= φ(hi), devuelve hi.
+ */
+function invertVirtual(dist, target) {
+    const [lo, hi] = dist.domain;
+    const phiLo = virtualValuation(lo, dist);
+    const phiHi = virtualValuation(hi, dist);
+    if (target <= phiLo)
+        return lo;
+    if (target >= phiHi)
+        return hi;
+    let l = lo;
+    let h = hi;
+    for (let i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
+        const m = (l + h) / 2;
+        const phi = virtualValuation(m, dist);
+        if (phi >= target)
+            h = m;
+        else
+            l = m;
+        if (h - l < 1e-9)
+            break;
+    }
+    return (l + h) / 2;
+}
+/**
+ * Muestrea una valuation de una distribución por inverse-CDF
+ * sampling. Usamos bisección sobre F.
+ */
+function sampleFromDistribution(dist, u) {
+    // u ∈ [0,1]. Encontrar v con F(v) = u.
+    const [lo, hi] = dist.domain;
+    if (u <= 0)
+        return lo;
+    if (u >= 1)
+        return hi;
+    let l = lo;
+    let h = hi;
+    for (let i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
+        const m = (l + h) / 2;
+        if (dist.cdf(m) > u)
+            h = m;
+        else
+            l = m;
+        if (h - l < 1e-9)
+            break;
+    }
+    return (l + h) / 2;
+}
+/**
+ * Expected revenue de un mechanism via Monte Carlo: muestreamos
+ * `samples` perfiles de bids (cada bidder draw de su distribución
+ * independientemente, asumiendo truthful bidding para 2nd-price /
+ * Myerson, o equilibrium bidding aproximado para 1st-price), corremos
+ * el mechanism y promediamos el payment del ganador.
+ *
+ * Nota: para 1st-price con IID uniform[0,1] y n bidders, el bid
+ * de equilibrio es b(v) = (n-1)/n · v. El caller debe pasar un
+ * mechanism que ya implemente ese mapping si quiere comparar contra
+ * 2nd-price truthful.
+ */
+function expectedRevenue(mechanism, distributions, samples = 5000) {
+    const ids = [...distributions.keys()].sort();
+    let totalRevenue = 0;
+    for (let s = 0; s < samples; s++) {
+        const bids = new Map();
+        for (const id of ids) {
+            const dist = distributions.get(id);
+            if (!dist)
+                continue;
+            const u = Math.random();
+            bids.set(id, sampleFromDistribution(dist, u));
+        }
+        const r = mechanism(bids);
+        totalRevenue += r.payment;
+    }
+    return totalRevenue / samples;
+}
+/**
+ * Helper: distribución uniform sobre [a, b]. Útil para tests.
+ * (No exportada en index — solo helper interno aquí; los tests
+ * pueden importarlo directamente.)
+ */
+function uniformDistribution(a, b) {
+    if (b <= a)
+        throw new Error('uniformDistribution: b must be > a');
+    const span = b - a;
+    return {
+        domain: [a, b],
+        cdf: (v) => {
+            if (v <= a)
+                return 0;
+            if (v >= b)
+                return 1;
+            return (v - a) / span;
+        },
+        pdf: (v) => {
+            if (v < a || v > b)
+                return 0;
+            return 1 / span;
+        },
+    };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=myerson.js.map

package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/myerson.js.map

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package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/types.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * Un agente con valuation sobre outcomes. Cada outcome se identifica
+ * con un string (típicamente itemId, pero puede codificar bundles
+ * para combinatorial auctions, e.g. "A+B").
+ */
+export interface Agent {
+    id: string;
+    /** valuation.get(outcome) = utilidad si recibe ese outcome. Default 0 si missing. */
+    valuation: Map<string, number>;
+}
+/**
+ * Resultado de un mechanism: quién se queda con qué y cuánto paga.
+ */
+export interface MechanismOutcome {
+    /** allocation.get(agentId) = item que recibe (o undefined si no recibe). */
+    allocation: Map<string, string>;
+    /** payments.get(agentId) = pago del agente al mechanism (>= 0 típicamente). */
+    payments: Map<string, number>;
+}
+/**
+ * Resultado de una single-item auction.
+ */
+export interface AuctionResult {
+    /** Id del ganador (o '' si nadie supera el reserve / no hay bids). */
+    winner: string;
+    /** Pago del ganador. 0 si no hubo ganador. */
+    payment: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Auction con bids sealed (cada bidder reporta un valor secreto).
+ */
+export interface SealedBidAuction {
+    bids: Map<string, number>;
+}
+/**
+ * Distribución (i.i.d. por bidder) sobre la valuation. Necesitamos CDF
+ * y PDF en cerrado para Myerson; el dominio acota el soporte.
+ */
+export interface BidderDistribution {
+    cdf: (v: number) => number;
+    pdf: (v: number) => number;
+    domain: [number, number];
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=types.d.ts.map

package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/types.d.ts.map

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package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/types.js

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+"use strict";
+// ============================================================
+// Mechanism design — tipos compartidos
+// ============================================================
+//
+// Modelamos mechanism design discreto sobre un conjunto finito de
+// outcomes (típicamente: asignar ítems a agentes). Cada agente reporta
+// una valuation `Map<outcomeId, number>`. El mechanism elige una
+// allocation y cobra pagos.
+//
+// El bundle de un agente en una allocation es el conjunto de outcomes
+// que se le asignan. Modelamos allocation como `Map<agentId, itemId>`
+// para el caso single-unit (cada item a un solo agente). Para
+// combinatorial auctions se generaliza con bundles, pero el `MechanismOutcome`
+// público mantiene el tipo Map<string,string> según contrato.
+//
+// Los pagos son no-negativos cuando el mechanism es individually
+// rational; aceptamos negativos en VCG con bundles porque las pivots
+// pueden compensar (típicamente VCG cobra >= 0 si la valuation es
+// monotónica, lo que asumimos por construcción de ejemplos).
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+//# sourceMappingURL=types.js.map

package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/types.js.map

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package/dist/reasoning/mechanism-design/vcg.d.ts

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+import type { Agent, MechanismOutcome } from './types';
+/**
+ * VCG mechanism: allocation maximiza welfare; pago de cada agente =
+ * externalidad = (welfare óptimo de los demás cuando él NO participa)
+ *                - (welfare de los demás en la allocation elegida).
+ *
+ * Devuelve allocation y payments. Payments son ≥ 0 si valuations son
+ * monotónicas (las nuestras lo son).
+ */
+export declare function vcgMechanism(agents: Agent[], items: string[]): MechanismOutcome;
+/**
+ * Welfare social bajo una allocation: suma de valuations de los agentes
+ * por lo que recibieron.
+ */
+export declare function socialWelfare(outcome: MechanismOutcome, agents: Agent[]): number;
+/**
+ * Strategy-proofness empírica: tomamos `samples` reportes aleatorios de
+ * un agente (manteniendo a los demás truthful), corremos el mechanism,
+ * y verificamos que la utilidad del agente que miente no supere la
+ * utilidad reportando truthfully. Si para alguna sample el misreport
+ * mejora estrictamente, retornamos false.
+ *
+ * Utilidad cuasi-lineal: v(allocation_i) - payment_i.
+ *
+ * Esto es probabilístico: con `samples=0` no chequeamos nada y devolvemos
+ * true. Útil sobretodo para testing.
+ */
+export declare function isStrategyProof(mechanism: (agents: Agent[]) => MechanismOutcome, samples?: number): boolean;
+//# sourceMappingURL=vcg.d.ts.map

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