@siteed/expo-audio-studio 2.18.6 → 3.0.0

package/android/src/main/java/net/siteed/audiostream/AudioProcessor.kt

@@ -1,2237 +0,0 @@
-package net.siteed.audiostream
-
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer
-import java.nio.ByteOrder
-import kotlin.math.*
-import android.util.Log
-import java.io.File
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong
-import kotlin.system.measureTimeMillis
-import android.media.MediaExtractor
-import android.media.MediaFormat
-import android.media.MediaCodec
-import java.io.FileInputStream
-import java.io.RandomAccessFile
-import java.util.zip.CRC32
-import net.siteed.audiostream.LogUtils
-
-data class DecodingConfig(
-    val targetSampleRate: Int? = null,     // Optional target sample rate
-    val targetChannels: Int? = null,       // Optional target number of channels
-    val targetBitDepth: Int = 16,          // Default to 16-bit PCM
-    val normalizeAudio: Boolean = false    // Whether to normalize audio levels
-)
-
-data class SpectrogramData(
-    val spectrogram: Array<FloatArray>, // 2D array: [time, frequency]
-    val timeStamps: FloatArray,         // Time (in seconds) for each frame
-    val frequencies: FloatArray         // Frequencies (in Hz) for each mel bin
-)
-
-class AudioProcessor(private val filesDir: File) {
-    companion object {
-        const val DCT_SQRT_DIVISOR = 2.0
-        private const val N_FFT = 1024
-        private const val N_CHROMA = 12
-        private const val CLASS_NAME = "AudioProcessor" // Add class name constant for logging
-
-        private val uniqueIdCounter = AtomicLong(0L) // Keep as companion object property to maintain during pause/resume cycles
-
-        fun resetUniqueIdCounter() {
-            uniqueIdCounter.set(0L)
-        }
-    }
-
-    data class AudioData(val data: ByteArray, val sampleRate: Int, val bitDepth: Int, val channels: Int, val durationMs: Long = 0)
-
-    private var cumulativeMinAmplitude = Float.MAX_VALUE
-    private var cumulativeMaxAmplitude = Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
-
-    private fun loadAudioFile(filePath: String): AudioData? {
-        try {
-            val fileUri = filePath.removePrefix("file://")
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Processing WAV file: $fileUri")
-
-            val file = File(fileUri).takeIf { it.exists() } ?: File(filesDir, File(fileUri).name).takeIf { it.exists() }
-                ?: run {
-                    LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "File not found: $fileUri")
-                    return null
-                }
-
-            val raf = RandomAccessFile(file, "r")
-            val fileSize = raf.length()
-            
-            // Read RIFF header
-            val riffHeader = ByteArray(4).apply { raf.readFully(this) }
-            if (String(riffHeader) != "RIFF") {
-                LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Invalid RIFF header")
-                return null
-            }
-
-            // Read WAVE header
-            val waveHeader = ByteArray(4).apply { raf.readFully(this) }
-            if (String(waveHeader) != "WAVE") {
-                LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Invalid WAVE header")
-                return null
-            }
-
-            var fmtChunkFound = false
-            var dataChunkFound = false
-            var sampleRate = 0
-            var channels = 0
-            var bitDepth = 0
-            var dataOffset = 0L
-            var dataSize = 0L
-
-            // Parse chunks
-            while (raf.filePointer < fileSize - 8) {
-                val chunkId = ByteArray(4).apply { raf.readFully(this) }.toString(Charsets.UTF_8)
-                val chunkSizeBytes = ByteArray(4).apply { raf.readFully(this) }
-                val chunkSize = ByteBuffer.wrap(chunkSizeBytes).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).int.toLong() and 0xFFFFFFFFL
-
-                LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Found chunk: $chunkId ($chunkSize bytes)")
-
-                when (chunkId) {
-                    "fmt " -> {
-                        if (chunkSize < 16) {
-                            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Invalid fmt chunk size")
-                            return null
-                        }
-                        
-                        val formatData = ByteArray(16)
-                        raf.readFully(formatData)
-                        val formatBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(formatData).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-                        
-                        val audioFormat = formatBuffer.short // Skip audio format
-                        channels = formatBuffer.short.toInt() and 0xFFFF
-                        sampleRate = formatBuffer.int
-                        val byteRate = formatBuffer.int
-                        val blockAlign = formatBuffer.short
-                        bitDepth = formatBuffer.short.toInt() and 0xFFFF
-                        
-                        LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Raw format data: ${formatData.joinToString(", ")}")
-                        LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Format chunk: audioFormat=$audioFormat, channels=$channels, sampleRate=$sampleRate, bitDepth=$bitDepth, byteRate=$byteRate, blockAlign=$blockAlign")
-                        
-                        if (bitDepth !in listOf(8, 16, 32)) {
-                            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Invalid bit depth: $bitDepth")
-                            return null
-                        }
-                        
-                        val remainingFmtBytes = chunkSize - 16
-                        if (remainingFmtBytes > 0) {
-                            raf.skipBytes(remainingFmtBytes.toInt())
-                        }
-                        fmtChunkFound = true
-                    }
-                    "data" -> {
-                        dataOffset = raf.filePointer
-                        dataSize = chunkSize
-                        dataChunkFound = true
-                        break
-                    }
-                    else -> {
-                        // Skip unknown chunks
-                        val skipBytes = chunkSize
-                        if (skipBytes > 0) {
-                            val actualSkip = minOf(skipBytes, fileSize - raf.filePointer)
-                            raf.seek(raf.filePointer + actualSkip)
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (!fmtChunkFound || !dataChunkFound) {
-                LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Missing essential chunks (fmt=$fmtChunkFound, data=$dataChunkFound)")
-                return null
-            }
-
-            // Calculate actual data size if it seems wrong
-            if (dataSize <= 0 || dataSize > fileSize - dataOffset) {
-                dataSize = fileSize - dataOffset
-                LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Adjusted data size to: $dataSize")
-            }
-
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Reading PCM data: offset=$dataOffset, size=$dataSize")
-            
-            val wavData = ByteArray(dataSize.toInt())
-            raf.seek(dataOffset)
-            raf.readFully(wavData)
-
-            // Calculate duration in ms
-            // Each sample is bitsPerSample/8 bytes, and we have 'channels' samples per frame
-            val bytesPerFrame = channels * (bitDepth / 8)
-            val numFrames = wavData.size / bytesPerFrame
-            val durationMs = (numFrames * 1000L) / sampleRate
-
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "WAV duration calculation: size=${wavData.size}, bytesPerFrame=$bytesPerFrame, numFrames=$numFrames, sampleRate=$sampleRate, duration=${durationMs}ms")
-
-            return AudioData(
-                data = wavData,
-                sampleRate = sampleRate,
-                channels = channels,
-                bitDepth = bitDepth,
-                durationMs = durationMs
-            )
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to load WAV file: ${e.message}", e)
-            return null
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Processes the audio data and extracts features.
-     * @param data The audio data in bytes.
-     * @param config The recording configuration.
-     * @return AudioAnalysisData containing the extracted features.
-     */
-    fun processAudioData(data: ByteArray, config: RecordingConfig): AudioAnalysisData {
-        if (data.isEmpty()) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Received empty audio data")
-            return AudioAnalysisData(
-                segmentDurationMs = config.segmentDurationMs,
-                durationMs = 0,
-                bitDepth = 16,
-                numberOfChannels = config.channels,
-                sampleRate = config.sampleRate,
-                samples = 0,
-                dataPoints = emptyList(),
-                amplitudeRange = AudioAnalysisData.AmplitudeRange(0f, 0f),
-                rmsRange = AudioAnalysisData.AmplitudeRange(0f, 0f),
-                extractionTimeMs = 0f,
-            )
-        }
-
-        val sampleRate = config.sampleRate.toFloat()
-        val bitDepth = when (config.encoding) {
-            "pcm_8bit" -> 8
-            "pcm_16bit" -> 16
-            "pcm_32bit" -> 32
-            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported encoding: ${config.encoding}")
-        }
-        val channelData = convertToFloatArray(data, bitDepth)
-        val featureOptions = config.features
-
-        val totalSamples = channelData.size
-        // Update samplesPerSegment calculation to use proper formula
-        val samplesPerSegment = ((config.segmentDurationMs / 1000.0) * sampleRate).toInt()
-        val totalPoints = ceil(totalSamples.toDouble() / samplesPerSegment).toInt()
-        
-        LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Extracting waveform totalSize=${data.size} with $totalSamples samples --> $totalPoints points")
-        LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "segmentDuration: ${config.segmentDurationMs}ms, samplesPerSegment: $samplesPerSegment")
-
-        // Remove expectedPoints calculation since it used pointsPerSecond
-        val samplesPerPoint = ceil(channelData.size / totalPoints.toDouble()).toInt()
-        LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Extracting waveform with samplesPerPoints=$samplesPerPoint")
-
-        val dataPoints = mutableListOf<DataPoint>()
-        var minAmplitude = Float.MAX_VALUE
-        var maxAmplitude = Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
-        var minRms = Float.MAX_VALUE
-        var maxRms = Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY
-         // Calculate total duration in milliseconds based on sample rate and total samples
-        val durationMs = (totalSamples.toFloat() / sampleRate * 1000).toInt()
-
-        // Measure the time taken for audio processing
-        val extractionTimeMs = measureTimeMillis {
-            for (i in 0 until totalPoints) {
-                val start = i * samplesPerSegment
-                val end = min(start + samplesPerSegment, totalSamples)
-                val segmentData = channelData.sliceArray(start until end)
-
-                var sumSquares = 0f
-                var zeroCrossings = 0
-                var prevValue = 0f
-                var localMinAmplitude = Float.MAX_VALUE
-                var localMaxAmplitude = Float.MIN_VALUE
-
-                for (value in segmentData) {
-                    sumSquares += value * value
-                    if (prevValue != 0f && value * prevValue < 0) zeroCrossings += 1
-                    prevValue = value
-
-                    val absValue = abs(value)
-                    localMinAmplitude = min(localMinAmplitude, absValue)
-                    localMaxAmplitude = max(localMaxAmplitude, absValue)
-                }
-
-                val features = computeFeatures(
-                    segmentData = segmentData,
-                    sampleRate = sampleRate,
-                    sumSquares = sumSquares,
-                    zeroCrossings = zeroCrossings,
-                    segmentLength = segmentData.size,
-                    featureOptions = featureOptions,
-                    minAmplitude = localMinAmplitude,
-                    maxAmplitude = localMaxAmplitude
-                )
-                val rms = features.rms
-                val silent = rms < 0.01
-                val dB = 20 * log10(rms.toDouble()).toFloat()
-                minAmplitude = min(minAmplitude, localMinAmplitude)
-                maxAmplitude = max(maxAmplitude, localMaxAmplitude)
-                minRms = min(minRms, rms)
-                maxRms = max(maxRms, rms)
-
-                val bytesPerSample = bitDepth / 8
-                val startPosition = start * bytesPerSample * config.channels
-                val endPosition = end * bytesPerSample * config.channels
-
-                // Update cumulative amplitude range
-                cumulativeMinAmplitude = min(cumulativeMinAmplitude, localMinAmplitude)
-                cumulativeMaxAmplitude = max(cumulativeMaxAmplitude, localMaxAmplitude)
-
-                val dataPoint = DataPoint(
-                    id = uniqueIdCounter.getAndIncrement(),
-                    amplitude = localMaxAmplitude,  // Always use peak amplitude
-                    rms = rms,                      // Always include RMS
-                    dB = dB,
-                    silent = silent,
-                    features = features,
-                    speech = SpeechFeatures(isActive = !silent),
-                    startTime = startPosition / (sampleRate * bytesPerSample * config.channels),
-                    endTime = endPosition / (sampleRate * bytesPerSample * config.channels),
-                    startPosition = startPosition,
-                    endPosition = endPosition,
-                    samples = segmentData.size
-                )
-
-                dataPoints.add(dataPoint)
-            }
-        }
-
-        return AudioAnalysisData(
-            segmentDurationMs = config.segmentDurationMs,
-            durationMs = durationMs,
-            bitDepth = bitDepth,
-            numberOfChannels = config.channels,
-            sampleRate = config.sampleRate,  // Use config.sampleRate instead of sampleRate
-            samples = totalSamples,          // Use totalSamples instead of samplesInRange
-            dataPoints = dataPoints,
-            amplitudeRange = AudioAnalysisData.AmplitudeRange(minAmplitude, maxAmplitude),
-            rmsRange = AudioAnalysisData.AmplitudeRange(minRms, maxRms),
-            extractionTimeMs = extractionTimeMs.toFloat()
-        )
-    }
-
-    fun resetCumulativeAmplitudeRange() {
-        cumulativeMinAmplitude = Float.MAX_VALUE
-        cumulativeMaxAmplitude = Float.MIN_VALUE
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Converts the audio data to a float array.
-     * @param data The audio data in bytes.
-     * @param bitDepth The bit depth of the audio data.
-     * @return The converted float array.
-     */
-    private fun convertToFloatArray(data: ByteArray, bitDepth: Int): FloatArray {
-        return when (bitDepth) {
-            16 -> {
-                val buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(data).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asShortBuffer()
-                val array = ShortArray(buffer.remaining())
-                buffer.get(array)
-                array.map { it / 32768.0f }.toFloatArray()
-            }
-            8 -> data.map { (it.toInt() - 128) / 128.0f }.toFloatArray()
-            32 -> {
-                val buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(data).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asIntBuffer()
-                val array = IntArray(buffer.remaining())
-                buffer.get(array)
-                array.map { it / Int.MAX_VALUE.toFloat() }.toFloatArray()
-            }
-            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported bit depth: $bitDepth")
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Computes the features of the audio data.
-     * @param segmentData The segment data.
-     * @param sampleRate The sample rate of the audio data.
-     * @param minAmplitude The minimum amplitude.
-     * @param maxAmplitude The maximum amplitude.
-     * @param sumSquares The sum of squares.
-     * @param zeroCrossings The zero crossings.
-     * @param segmentLength The length of the segment.
-     * @param featureOptions The feature options to compute.
-     * @return The computed features.
-     */
-    private fun computeFeatures(
-        segmentData: FloatArray,
-        sampleRate: Float,
-        minAmplitude: Float,
-        maxAmplitude: Float,
-        sumSquares: Float,
-        zeroCrossings: Int,
-        segmentLength: Int,
-        featureOptions: Map<String, Boolean>
-    ): Features {
-        val rms = sqrt(sumSquares / segmentLength)
-        val energy = if (featureOptions["energy"] == true) sumSquares else 0f
-        val zcr = if (featureOptions["zcr"] == true) zeroCrossings / segmentLength.toFloat() else 0f
-
-        val mfcc = try {
-            if (featureOptions["mfcc"] == true) computeMFCC(segmentData, sampleRate) else emptyList()
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to extract MFCC: ${e.message}", e)
-            emptyList()
-        }
-
-        val melSpectrogram = try {
-            if (featureOptions["melSpectrogram"] == true) computeMelSpectrogram(segmentData, sampleRate) else emptyList()
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to compute mel spectrogram: ${e.message}", e)
-            emptyList()
-        }
-
-        val chroma = try {
-            if (featureOptions["chromagram"] == true) computeChroma(segmentData, sampleRate) else emptyList()
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to compute chroma: ${e.message}", e)
-            emptyList()
-        }
-
-        val spectralFeatures = if (featureOptions["spectralCentroid"] == true || 
-                                 featureOptions["spectralFlatness"] == true ||
-                                 featureOptions["spectralRollOff"] == true ||
-                                 featureOptions["spectralBandwidth"] == true) {
-            extractSpectralFeatures(segmentData, sampleRate)
-        } else {
-            SpectralFeatures()
-        }
-
-        val tempo = try {
-            if (featureOptions["tempo"] == true) extractTempo(segmentData, sampleRate) else 0f
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to extract tempo: ${e.message}", e)
-            0f
-        }
-
-        val hnr = try {
-            if (featureOptions["hnr"] == true) extractHNR(segmentData) else 0f
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to extract HNR: ${e.message}", e)
-            0f
-        }
-
-        val spectralContrast = try {
-            if (featureOptions["spectralContrast"] == true) computeSpectralContrast(segmentData, sampleRate) else emptyList()
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to compute spectral contrast: ${e.message}", e)
-            emptyList()
-        }
-
-        val tonnetz = try {
-            if (featureOptions["tonnetz"] == true) computeTonnetz(segmentData, sampleRate) else emptyList()
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to compute tonnetz: ${e.message}", e)
-            emptyList()
-        }
-
-        val pitch = if (featureOptions["pitch"] == true) estimatePitch(segmentData, sampleRate) else 0.0f
-
-        val crc32Value = if (featureOptions["crc32"] == true) {
-            val byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(segmentData.size * 4)
-                .order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-            segmentData.forEach { value ->
-                byteBuffer.putFloat(value)
-            }
-            
-            val crc32 = CRC32()
-            crc32.update(byteBuffer.array())
-            crc32.value
-        } else null
-        
-        return Features(
-            energy = energy,
-            mfcc = mfcc,
-            rms = rms,
-            minAmplitude = minAmplitude,
-            maxAmplitude = maxAmplitude,
-            zcr = zcr,
-            spectralCentroid = spectralFeatures.centroid,
-            spectralFlatness = spectralFeatures.flatness,
-            spectralRollOff = spectralFeatures.rollOff,
-            spectralBandwidth = spectralFeatures.bandwidth,
-            tempo = tempo,
-            hnr = hnr,
-            melSpectrogram = melSpectrogram,
-            chromagram = chroma,
-            spectralContrast = spectralContrast,
-            tonnetz = tonnetz,
-            pitch = pitch,
-            crc32 = crc32Value
-        )
-    }
-
-    private fun extractTempo(segmentData: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): Float {
-        val hopLength = 512
-        val frameLength = 2048
-        
-        // Compute onset strength signal using spectral flux
-        val onsetEnvelope = mutableListOf<Float>()
-        var previousSpectrum = FloatArray(frameLength / 2)
-        
-        // Process frames with spectral flux
-        for (i in 0 until segmentData.size - frameLength step hopLength) {
-            val frame = segmentData.slice(i until minOf(i + frameLength, segmentData.size)).toFloatArray()
-            val fft = FFT(frameLength)
-            val fftData = frame.copyOf(frameLength)
-            fft.realForward(fftData)
-            
-            // Compute magnitude spectrum
-            val magnitudes = FloatArray(frameLength / 2)
-            for (j in magnitudes.indices) {
-                val re = fftData[2 * j]
-                val im = if (2 * j + 1 < fftData.size) fftData[2 * j + 1] else 0f
-                magnitudes[j] = sqrt(re * re + im * im)
-            }
-            
-            // Calculate spectral flux (sum of positive differences)
-            var flux = 0f
-            for (j in magnitudes.indices) {
-                flux += maxOf(magnitudes[j] - previousSpectrum[j], 0f)
-            }
-            onsetEnvelope.add(flux)
-            previousSpectrum = magnitudes
-        }
-        
-        // Find peaks in onset envelope
-        val peaks = mutableListOf<Int>()
-        for (i in 1 until onsetEnvelope.size - 1) {
-            if (onsetEnvelope[i] > onsetEnvelope[i-1] && onsetEnvelope[i] > onsetEnvelope[i+1]) {
-                peaks.add(i)
-            }
-        }
-        
-        // Calculate tempo from peak intervals
-        return if (peaks.size > 1) {
-            val intervals = peaks.zipWithNext { a, b -> b - a }
-            val averageInterval = intervals.average().toFloat()
-            60f * sampleRate / (hopLength * averageInterval)
-        } else {
-            120f // Default tempo if no clear peaks found
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun extractSpectralFeatures(samples: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): SpectralFeatures {
-        // FFT requires a fixed-size buffer (N_FFT). If our input is larger,
-        // we'll analyze just the first N_FFT samples to prevent buffer overflow.
-        // This is a common practice in audio analysis where we process chunks
-        // of consistent size rather than variable-length segments.
-        val windowed = if (samples.size > N_FFT) {
-            // If samples are larger than FFT size, take the first N_FFT samples
-            applyHannWindow(samples.copyOf(N_FFT))
-        } else {
-            applyHannWindow(samples)
-        }
-        
-        // Create padded array for FFT, ensuring we don't exceed N_FFT size
-        // Zero padding is automatic since FloatArray initializes with zeros
-        val paddedSamples = FloatArray(N_FFT).also { padded ->
-            windowed.copyInto(padded, 0, 0, minOf(windowed.size, N_FFT))
-        }
-
-        // Perform FFT
-        val fft = FFT(N_FFT)
-        fft.realForward(paddedSamples)
-
-        // Calculate magnitude spectrum (only need first half due to symmetry)
-        // Add 1 to include both DC (0 Hz) and Nyquist frequency components
-        val magnitudeSpectrum = FloatArray(N_FFT / 2 + 1)
-        for (i in 0 until N_FFT / 2) {  // Since we're only going up to N_FFT/2, the check is unnecessary
-            val re = paddedSamples[2 * i]
-            val im = paddedSamples[2 * i + 1]  // This will always be within bounds
-            magnitudeSpectrum[i] = sqrt(re * re + im * im)
-        }
-        // Handle Nyquist frequency component separately
-        magnitudeSpectrum[N_FFT / 2] = abs(paddedSamples[1])
-
-        // Compute power spectrum for spectral flatness
-        val powerSpectrum = magnitudeSpectrum.map { it * it }.toFloatArray()
-
-        // Compute spectral features
-        val centroid = computeSpectralCentroid(magnitudeSpectrum, sampleRate)
-        val flatness = computeSpectralFlatness(powerSpectrum)
-        val rollOff = computeSpectralRollOff(magnitudeSpectrum, sampleRate)
-        val bandwidth = computeSpectralBandwidth(magnitudeSpectrum, sampleRate, centroid)
-
-        return SpectralFeatures(
-            centroid = centroid,
-            flatness = flatness,
-            rollOff = rollOff,
-            bandwidth = bandwidth
-        )
-    }
-
-    private fun computeSpectralCentroid(magnitudeSpectrum: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): Float {
-        val sum = magnitudeSpectrum.sum()
-        if (sum == 0f) return 0f
-        
-        val weightedSum = magnitudeSpectrum.mapIndexed { index, value -> 
-            index * (sampleRate / N_FFT) * value 
-        }.sum()
-        
-        return weightedSum / sum
-    }
-
-    private fun computeSpectralFlatness(powerSpectrum: FloatArray): Float {
-        // Calculate geometric mean using log-space to avoid numerical issues
-        var sumLogValues = 0.0f
-        for (value in powerSpectrum) {
-            sumLogValues += ln(value + 1e-10f) // Add small epsilon to avoid log(0)
-        }
-        val geometricMean = exp(sumLogValues / powerSpectrum.size)
-        
-        // Calculate arithmetic mean
-        val arithmeticMean = powerSpectrum.sum() / powerSpectrum.size
-        
-        return if (arithmeticMean != 0f) geometricMean / arithmeticMean else 0f
-    }
-
-    private fun computeSpectralRollOff(magnitudeSpectrum: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): Float {
-        val totalEnergy = magnitudeSpectrum.sum()
-        var cumulativeEnergy = 0f
-        val rollOffThreshold = totalEnergy * 0.85f
-        
-        for ((index, value) in magnitudeSpectrum.withIndex()) {
-            cumulativeEnergy += value
-            if (cumulativeEnergy >= rollOffThreshold) {
-                return index * (sampleRate / N_FFT)
-            }
-        }
-        
-        return 0f
-    }
-
-    private fun computeSpectralBandwidth(
-        magnitudeSpectrum: FloatArray, 
-        sampleRate: Float,
-        centroid: Float
-    ): Float {
-        val sum = magnitudeSpectrum.sum()
-        if (sum == 0f) return 0f
-        
-        // Match iOS frequency calculation
-        val weightedSum = magnitudeSpectrum.mapIndexed { index, value -> 
-            val freq = index * sampleRate / (2 * magnitudeSpectrum.size)
-            value * (freq - centroid).pow(2)
-        }.sum()
-        
-        return sqrt(weightedSum / sum)
-    }
-
-    private data class SpectralFeatures(
-        val centroid: Float = 0f,
-        val flatness: Float = 0f,
-        val rollOff: Float = 0f,
-        val bandwidth: Float = 0f
-    )
-
-    /**
-     * Resets the segment data.
-     * @param sumSquaresUpdater Function to reset sum of squares.
-     * @param zeroCrossingsUpdater Function to reset zero crossings.
-     * @param localMinAmplitudeUpdater Function to reset local min amplitude.
-     * @param localMaxAmplitudeUpdater Function to reset local max amplitude.
-     * @param segmentData The segment data list to reset.
-     */
-    private fun resetSegmentData(
-        sumSquaresUpdater: (Float) -> Unit,
-        zeroCrossingsUpdater: (Int) -> Unit,
-        localMinAmplitudeUpdater: (Float) -> Unit,
-        localMaxAmplitudeUpdater: (Float) -> Unit,
-        segmentData: MutableList<Float>
-    ) {
-        sumSquaresUpdater(0f)
-        zeroCrossingsUpdater(0)
-        localMinAmplitudeUpdater(Float.MAX_VALUE)
-        localMaxAmplitudeUpdater(Float.MIN_VALUE)
-        segmentData.clear()
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Computes the MFCC (Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) from the audio data.
-     */
-    private fun computeMFCC(samples: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): List<Float> {
-        val (powerSpectrum, _) = prepareFFT(samples, sampleRate)
-        val melFilters = computeMelFilterbank(
-            numFilters = 26,
-            powerSpectrumSize = powerSpectrum.size,
-            sampleRate = sampleRate
-        )
-
-        if (melFilters.any { it.size != powerSpectrum.size }) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Mel filter size (${melFilters[0].size}) does not match power spectrum size (${powerSpectrum.size})")
-            return emptyList()
-        }
-
-        val melEnergies = FloatArray(26) { i ->
-            var energy = 0f
-            for (j in powerSpectrum.indices) {
-                energy += powerSpectrum[j] * melFilters[i][j]
-            }
-            ln(maxOf(energy, 1e-10f))
-        }
-
-        val mfcc = FloatArray(13) { i ->
-            var sum = 0f
-            for (j in melEnergies.indices) {
-                sum += melEnergies[j] * cos(PI * i * (2 * j + 1) / (2 * 26)).toFloat()
-            }
-            sum * sqrt(2f / 26)
-        }
-
-        return mfcc.toList()
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Computes the Mel filter bank.
-     * @param numFilters The number of Mel filters.
-     * @param powerSpectrumSize The size of the power spectrum.
-     * @param sampleRate The sample rate of the audio data.
-     * @return A list of Mel filters.
-     */
-    private fun computeMelFilterbank(numFilters: Int, powerSpectrumSize: Int, sampleRate: Float): Array<FloatArray> {
-        val fMin = 0f
-        val fMax = sampleRate / 2
-
-        // Convert Hz to Mel
-        val melMin = hzToMel(fMin)
-        val melMax = hzToMel(fMax)
-
-        // Create equally spaced points in Mel scale
-        val melPoints = FloatArray(numFilters + 2)
-        val melStep = (melMax - melMin) / (numFilters + 1)
-        for (i in melPoints.indices) {
-            melPoints[i] = melMin + i * melStep
-        }
-
-        // Convert back to Hz
-        val hzPoints = melPoints.map { melToHz(it) }
-
-        // Convert to FFT bin numbers, clamping to valid range
-        val bins = hzPoints.map { minOf((it * powerSpectrumSize / sampleRate).roundToInt(), powerSpectrumSize - 1) }.toList()
-
-        // Create the filterbank matrix with size matching powerSpectrumSize
-        val filterbank = Array(numFilters) { FloatArray(powerSpectrumSize) { 0f } }
-
-        // Ensure safe access to bins by limiting the loop and checking boundaries
-        for (i in 0 until numFilters) {
-            if (i + 2 < bins.size) { // Check to prevent out-of-bounds access
-                val startBin = bins[i]
-                val centerBin = bins[i + 1]
-                val endBin = bins[i + 2]
-
-                // Left slope (ascending triangle)
-                if (centerBin > startBin) {
-                    for (j in startBin until centerBin) {
-                        filterbank[i][j] = (j - startBin).toFloat() / (centerBin - startBin).toFloat()
-                    }
-                }
-                // Right slope (descending triangle)
-                if (endBin > centerBin) {
-                    for (j in centerBin until endBin) {
-                        filterbank[i][j] = (endBin - j).toFloat() / (endBin - centerBin).toFloat()
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return filterbank
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Computes the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) of the log energies.
-     * @param logEnergies The log energies.
-     * @param numCoefficients The number of coefficients to compute.
-     * @return A list of MFCC coefficients.
-     */
-    private fun computeDCT(logEnergies: List<Float>, numCoefficients: Int): List<Float> {
-        val n = logEnergies.size
-        val dct = FloatArray(numCoefficients)
-
-        for (i in 0 until numCoefficients) {
-            var sum = 0.0
-            for (j in logEnergies.indices) {
-                sum += logEnergies[j] * cos(PI * i * (j + 0.5) / n)
-            }
-            dct[i] = (sum / sqrt(DCT_SQRT_DIVISOR * n)).toFloat()
-        }
-
-        return dct.toList()
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Extracts the HNR (Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio) from the audio data.
-     * @param segmentData The segment data.
-     * @return The HNR.
-     */
-    private fun extractHNR(segmentData: FloatArray): Float {
-        val frameSize = segmentData.size
-        val autocorrelation = FloatArray(frameSize)
-
-        // Compute the autocorrelation of the segment data
-        for (i in segmentData.indices) {
-            var sum = 0f
-            for (j in 0 until frameSize - i) {
-                sum += segmentData[j] * segmentData[j + i]
-            }
-            autocorrelation[i] = sum
-        }
-
-        // Find peaks with minimum prominence
-        val maxAutocorrelation = autocorrelation.maxOrNull() ?: 0f
-        val peaks = findPeaks(autocorrelation, minProminence = 0.1f * maxAutocorrelation)
-        
-        if (peaks.isNotEmpty()) {
-            val firstPeakIndex = peaks.firstOrNull { it > 0 } ?: 0
-            val harmonicEnergy = autocorrelation[firstPeakIndex]
-            val noiseEnergy = autocorrelation[0] - harmonicEnergy
-            if (noiseEnergy > 0) {
-                return 10 * log10(harmonicEnergy / noiseEnergy)
-            }
-        }
-        
-        return 0f
-    }
-
-    private fun findPeaks(data: FloatArray, minProminence: Float): List<Int> {
-        val peaks = mutableListOf<Int>()
-        for (i in 1 until data.size - 1) {
-            if (data[i] > data[i - 1] && data[i] > data[i + 1]) {
-                val prominence = data[i] - maxOf(data[i - 1], data[i + 1])
-                if (prominence >= minProminence) {
-                    peaks.add(i)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return peaks
-    }
-
-    fun loadAudioFromAnyFormat(fileUri: String, decodingConfig: DecodingConfig? = null): AudioData? {
-        val cleanUri = fileUri.removePrefix("file://")
-        val file = File(cleanUri).takeIf { it.exists() } ?: File(filesDir, File(cleanUri).name).takeIf { it.exists() }
-            ?: run {
-                LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "File not found in any location: $cleanUri")
-                return null
-            }
-
-        // First try MediaExtractor
-        val extractor = MediaExtractor()
-        try {
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Attempting MediaExtractor with path: ${file.absolutePath}")
-            extractor.setDataSource(file.absolutePath)
-            
-            // Find the first audio track
-            val audioTrackIndex = (0 until extractor.trackCount)
-                .find { extractor.getTrackFormat(it).getString(MediaFormat.KEY_MIME)?.startsWith("audio/") == true }
-            
-            if (audioTrackIndex != null) {
-                val format = extractor.getTrackFormat(audioTrackIndex)
-                extractor.selectTrack(audioTrackIndex)
-
-                // Get original audio properties
-                val originalSampleRate = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_SAMPLE_RATE)
-                val originalChannels = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_CHANNEL_COUNT)
-                val totalDurationUs = try {
-                    format.getLong(MediaFormat.KEY_DURATION)
-                } catch (e: Exception) {
-                    (format.getString(MediaFormat.KEY_DURATION) ?: "-1").toLong()
-                }
-                LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Raw duration from format: ${totalDurationUs}us")
-                
-                val totalDurationMs = totalDurationUs / 1000
-                LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Final duration: ${totalDurationMs}ms")
-
-                // Process using MediaExtractor
-                val pcmData = decodeAudioToPCM(extractor, format)
-                val processedData = if (decodingConfig != null) {
-                    processAudio(
-                        pcmData,
-                        originalSampleRate,
-                        decodingConfig.targetSampleRate,
-                        originalChannels,
-                        decodingConfig.targetChannels,
-                        decodingConfig.normalizeAudio
-                    )
-                } else {
-                    pcmData
-                }
-
-                return AudioData(
-                    data = processedData,
-                    sampleRate = decodingConfig?.targetSampleRate ?: originalSampleRate,
-                    bitDepth = decodingConfig?.targetBitDepth ?: 16,
-                    channels = decodingConfig?.targetChannels ?: originalChannels,
-                    durationMs = totalDurationMs  // Pass through the duration
-                )
-            }
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "MediaExtractor failed, attempting WAV parser: ${e.message}")
-        } finally {
-            extractor.release()
-        }
-
-        // If MediaExtractor failed and file is WAV, try WAV parser
-        if (file.name.lowercase().endsWith(".wav")) {
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Falling back to WAV parser")
-            return loadAudioFile(file.absolutePath)?.let { wavData ->
-                if (decodingConfig != null) {
-                    val processedData = processAudio(
-                        wavData.data,
-                        wavData.sampleRate,
-                        decodingConfig.targetSampleRate,
-                        wavData.channels,
-                        decodingConfig.targetChannels,
-                        decodingConfig.normalizeAudio
-                    )
-                    AudioData(
-                        data = processedData,
-                        sampleRate = decodingConfig.targetSampleRate ?: wavData.sampleRate,
-                        bitDepth = decodingConfig.targetBitDepth,
-                        channels = decodingConfig.targetChannels ?: wavData.channels,
-                        durationMs = wavData.durationMs  // Pass through the duration
-                    )
-                } else {
-                    wavData
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to process audio file with both MediaExtractor and WAV parser")
-        return null
-    }
-
-    private fun decodeAudioToPCM(extractor: MediaExtractor, format: MediaFormat): ByteArray {
-        var decoder: MediaCodec? = null
-        
-        try {
-            decoder = MediaCodec.createDecoderByType(format.getString(MediaFormat.KEY_MIME)!!)
-            decoder.configure(format, null, null, 0)
-            decoder.start()
-
-            val info = MediaCodec.BufferInfo()
-            val pcmData = mutableListOf<Byte>()
-
-            var isEOS = false
-            while (!isEOS) {
-                val inputBufferId = decoder.dequeueInputBuffer(10000)
-                if (inputBufferId >= 0) {
-                    val inputBuffer = decoder.getInputBuffer(inputBufferId)!!
-                    val sampleSize = extractor.readSampleData(inputBuffer, 0)
-
-                    if (sampleSize < 0) {
-                        decoder.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, 0, 0, 0, MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM)
-                        isEOS = true
-                    } else {
-                        decoder.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, 0, sampleSize, extractor.sampleTime, 0)
-                        extractor.advance()
-                    }
-                }
-
-                val outputBufferId = decoder.dequeueOutputBuffer(info, 10000)
-                if (outputBufferId >= 0) {
-                    val outputBuffer = decoder.getOutputBuffer(outputBufferId)!!
-                    val chunk = ByteArray(info.size)
-                    outputBuffer.get(chunk)
-                    pcmData.addAll(chunk.toList())
-                    decoder.releaseOutputBuffer(outputBufferId, false)
-                }
-            }
-
-            return pcmData.toByteArray()
-        } finally {
-            try {
-                decoder?.stop()
-            } catch (e: Exception) {
-                LogUtils.w(CLASS_NAME, "Error stopping decoder: ${e.message}")
-            }
-            try {
-                decoder?.release()
-            } catch (e: Exception) {
-                LogUtils.w(CLASS_NAME, "Error releasing decoder: ${e.message}")
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun resampleAudio(
-        pcmData: ByteArray,
-        originalSampleRate: Int,
-        targetSampleRate: Int,
-        originalChannels: Int
-    ): ByteArray {
-        // Convert byte array to short array (16-bit samples)
-        val shortArray = ShortArray(pcmData.size / 2)
-        ByteBuffer.wrap(pcmData).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asShortBuffer().get(shortArray)
-
-        // Convert to mono if needed
-        val monoShortArray = if (originalChannels > 1) {
-            convertToMono(shortArray, originalChannels)
-        } else {
-            shortArray
-        }
-
-        // Resample
-        val resampleRatio = targetSampleRate.toDouble() / originalSampleRate
-        val newLength = (monoShortArray.size * resampleRatio).toInt()
-        val resampledArray = ShortArray(newLength)
-
-        for (i in resampledArray.indices) {
-            val originalIndex = (i / resampleRatio).toInt()
-            val nextIndex = minOf(originalIndex + 1, monoShortArray.size - 1)
-            val fraction = (i / resampleRatio) - originalIndex
-
-            // Linear interpolation
-            val sample = linearInterpolate(
-                monoShortArray[originalIndex].toDouble(),
-                monoShortArray[nextIndex].toDouble(),
-                fraction
-            ).toInt().toShort()
-
-            resampledArray[i] = sample
-        }
-
-        // Convert back to byte array
-        val resultBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(resampledArray.size * 2)
-        resultBuffer.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-        resultBuffer.asShortBuffer().put(resampledArray)
-        return resultBuffer.array()
-    }
-
-    private fun convertToMono(stereoData: ShortArray, channels: Int): ShortArray {
-        val monoLength = stereoData.size / channels
-        val monoData = ShortArray(monoLength)
-
-        for (i in 0 until monoLength) {
-            var sum = 0
-            for (ch in 0 until channels) {
-                sum += stereoData[i * channels + ch]
-            }
-            monoData[i] = (sum / channels).toShort()
-        }
-
-        return monoData
-    }
-
-    private fun linearInterpolate(a: Double, b: Double, fraction: Double): Double {
-        return a + fraction * (b - a)
-    }
-
-    fun processAudio(
-        pcmData: ByteArray,
-        originalSampleRate: Int,
-        targetSampleRate: Int?,
-        originalChannels: Int,
-        targetChannels: Int?,
-        normalize: Boolean
-    ): ByteArray {
-        var processedData = pcmData
-
-        // Only resample if target sample rate is explicitly specified and different
-        if (targetSampleRate != null && originalSampleRate != targetSampleRate) {
-            processedData = resampleAudio(processedData, originalSampleRate, targetSampleRate, originalChannels)
-        }
-
-        // Only convert channels if target channels is explicitly specified and different
-        if (targetChannels != null && originalChannels != targetChannels) {
-            processedData = convertChannels(processedData, originalChannels, targetChannels)
-        }
-
-        // Only normalize if explicitly requested
-        if (normalize) {
-            processedData = normalizeAudio(processedData)
-        }
-
-        return processedData
-    }
-
-    private fun normalizeAudio(pcmData: ByteArray): ByteArray {
-        val shorts = ShortArray(pcmData.size / 2)
-        ByteBuffer.wrap(pcmData).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asShortBuffer().get(shorts)
-
-        // Find maximum amplitude
-        var maxAmplitude = 0
-        for (sample in shorts) {
-            maxAmplitude = maxOf(maxAmplitude, abs(sample.toInt()))
-        }
-
-        // Normalize if we found a non-zero maximum
-        if (maxAmplitude > 0) {
-            val normalizationFactor = Short.MAX_VALUE.toFloat() / maxAmplitude
-            for (i in shorts.indices) {
-                shorts[i] = (shorts[i] * normalizationFactor).toInt().toShort()
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Convert back to bytes
-        val resultBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(shorts.size * 2)
-        resultBuffer.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-        resultBuffer.asShortBuffer().put(shorts)
-        return resultBuffer.array()
-    }
-
-    private fun convertChannels(pcmData: ByteArray, originalChannels: Int, targetChannels: Int): ByteArray {
-        // Use the correct implementation from AudioFormatUtils
-        // Assuming 16-bit audio (which is the default for most audio processing)
-        return AudioFormatUtils.convertChannels(pcmData, originalChannels, targetChannels, 16)
-    }
-
-    private fun debugWavHeader(file: File) {
-        try {
-            val bytes = ByteArray(44) // Standard WAV header size
-            RandomAccessFile(file, "r").use { raf ->
-                raf.readFully(bytes)
-            }
-            
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "WAV Header Bytes: ${bytes.joinToString(", ") { String.format("%02X", it) }}")
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "ASCII: ${bytes.map { it.toInt().toChar() }.joinToString("")}")
-            
-            val buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, """
-                RIFF header: ${String(bytes, 0, 4)}
-                File size: ${buffer.getInt(4)}
-                WAVE header: ${String(bytes, 8, 4)}
-                fmt  header: ${String(bytes, 12, 4)}
-                Chunk size: ${buffer.getInt(16)}
-                Audio format: ${buffer.getShort(20)}
-                Channels: ${buffer.getShort(22)}
-                Sample rate: ${buffer.getInt(24)}
-                Byte rate: ${buffer.getInt(28)}
-                Block align: ${buffer.getShort(32)}
-                Bits per sample: ${buffer.getShort(34)}
-            """.trimIndent())
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to debug WAV header: ${e.message}", e)
-        }
-    }
-
-    fun generatePreview(
-        audioData: AudioData,
-        numberOfPoints: Int,
-        startTimeMs: Long? = null,
-        endTimeMs: Long? = null,
-        config: RecordingConfig
-    ): AudioAnalysisData {
-        val totalDurationMs = audioData.durationMs
-        
-        LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Total audio duration: ${totalDurationMs}ms")
-        
-        // Validate time range
-        if (startTimeMs != null) {
-            require(startTimeMs >= 0) { "startTime must be non-negative, got: $startTimeMs" }
-            require(startTimeMs <= totalDurationMs) { "startTime ($startTimeMs) is beyond audio duration ($totalDurationMs)" }
-        }
-        
-        if (endTimeMs != null) {
-            require(endTimeMs >= 0) { "endTime must be non-negative, got: $endTimeMs" }
-            if (endTimeMs > totalDurationMs) {
-                LogUtils.w(CLASS_NAME, "endTime ($endTimeMs) is beyond audio duration ($totalDurationMs), clamping to duration")
-            }
-            if (startTimeMs != null) {
-                require(startTimeMs < endTimeMs) { "startTime ($startTimeMs) must be less than endTime ($endTimeMs)" }
-            }
-        }
-        
-        // Calculate effective range
-        val effectiveStartMs = startTimeMs ?: 0L
-        val effectiveEndMs = (endTimeMs ?: totalDurationMs).coerceAtMost(totalDurationMs)
-        val durationMs = effectiveEndMs - effectiveStartMs
-        
-        LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Preview range: ${effectiveStartMs}ms to ${effectiveEndMs}ms (${durationMs}ms)")
-        
-        // Calculate sample range
-        val startSampleIndex = ((effectiveStartMs * audioData.sampleRate) / 1000).toInt()
-        val endSampleIndex = ((effectiveEndMs * audioData.sampleRate) / 1000).toInt().coerceAtMost(audioData.data.size)
-        val samplesInRange = endSampleIndex - startSampleIndex
-        
-        if (samplesInRange <= 0) {
-            throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid sample range: contains no samples")
-        }
-        
-        val samplesPerPoint = (samplesInRange / numberOfPoints).coerceAtLeast(1)
-        val pointsPerSecond = numberOfPoints.toDouble() / (durationMs.toDouble() / 1000.0)
-        
-        val dataPoints = mutableListOf<DataPoint>()
-        var minAmplitude = Float.MAX_VALUE
-        var maxAmplitude = Float.MIN_VALUE
-        var minRms = Float.MAX_VALUE      // Add minRms
-        var maxRms = Float.MIN_VALUE      // Add maxRms
-        
-        val extractionTimeMs = measureTimeMillis {
-            for (i in 0 until numberOfPoints) {
-                val pointStartSample = startSampleIndex + (i * samplesPerPoint)
-                val pointEndSample = minOf(startSampleIndex + ((i + 1) * samplesPerPoint), endSampleIndex)
-                
-                if (pointStartSample >= pointEndSample) break
-                
-                try {
-                    val segmentBytes = audioData.data.sliceArray(pointStartSample until pointEndSample)
-                    
-                    // Convert PCM bytes to float samples with proper bit depth handling
-                    val segmentData = when (audioData.bitDepth) {
-                        16 -> convert16BitPcmToFloat(segmentBytes)
-                        32 -> convert32BitPcmToFloat(segmentBytes)
-                        else -> convert8BitPcmToFloat(segmentBytes)
-                    }
-                    
-                    // Calculate time points based on actual sample rate
-                    val startTimePoint = ((pointStartSample * 1000L) / (audioData.sampleRate * audioData.channels)).toFloat()
-                    val endTimePoint = ((pointEndSample * 1000L) / (audioData.sampleRate * audioData.channels)).toFloat()
-                    
-                    val rms = sqrt(segmentData.map { it * it }.average().toFloat())
-                    val amplitude = segmentData.maxOf { abs(it) }  // Always use peak amplitude
-                    
-                    minAmplitude = minOf(minAmplitude, amplitude)
-                    maxAmplitude = maxOf(maxAmplitude, amplitude)
-                    minRms = minOf(minRms, rms)
-                    maxRms = maxOf(maxRms, rms)
-                    
-                    dataPoints.add(DataPoint(
-                        id = i.toLong(),
-                        amplitude = amplitude,  // Peak amplitude
-                        rms = rms,             // RMS value
-                        dB = 20 * log10(amplitude.toDouble()).toFloat(),
-                        silent = amplitude < 0.01,
-                        features = null,
-                        speech = null,
-                        startTime = startTimePoint,
-                        endTime = endTimePoint,
-                        startPosition = pointStartSample,
-                        endPosition = pointEndSample,
-                        samples = segmentData.size
-                    ))
-                } catch (e: Exception) {
-                    LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Error processing segment $i: ${e.message}")
-                    throw IllegalStateException("Failed to process audio segment: ${e.message}", e)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        
-        if (dataPoints.isEmpty()) {
-            throw IllegalStateException("No data points were generated")
-        }
-        
-        return AudioAnalysisData(
-            segmentDurationMs = config.segmentDurationMs,
-            durationMs = durationMs.toInt(),
-            bitDepth = audioData.bitDepth,
-            numberOfChannels = audioData.channels,
-            sampleRate = audioData.sampleRate,
-            samples = samplesInRange,
-            dataPoints = dataPoints,
-            amplitudeRange = AudioAnalysisData.AmplitudeRange(minAmplitude, maxAmplitude),
-            rmsRange = AudioAnalysisData.AmplitudeRange(minRms, maxRms),
-            extractionTimeMs = extractionTimeMs.toFloat()
-        )
-    }
-
-    // Add these conversion helpers
-    private fun convert16BitPcmToFloat(bytes: ByteArray): FloatArray {
-        val shorts = ShortArray(bytes.size / 2)
-        ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asShortBuffer().get(shorts)
-        return shorts.map { it.toFloat() / Short.MAX_VALUE }.toFloatArray()
-    }
-
-    private fun convert32BitPcmToFloat(bytes: ByteArray): FloatArray {
-        val ints = IntArray(bytes.size / 4)
-        ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asIntBuffer().get(ints)
-        return ints.map { it.toFloat() / Int.MAX_VALUE }.toFloatArray()
-    }
-
-    private fun convert8BitPcmToFloat(bytes: ByteArray): FloatArray {
-        return bytes.map { (it.toInt() - 128).toFloat() / 127f }.toFloatArray()
-    }
-
-    fun loadAudioRange(fileUri: String, startTimeMs: Long, endTimeMs: Long, config: DecodingConfig? = null): AudioData? {
-        try {
-            // Use default config if none provided
-            val effectiveConfig = config ?: DecodingConfig(
-                targetSampleRate = null,
-                targetChannels = null,
-                targetBitDepth = 16,
-                normalizeAudio = false
-            )
-
-            // First check if it's a WAV file by extension
-            val isWavByExtension = fileUri.lowercase().endsWith(".wav")
-            
-            // Then verify WAV header if needed
-            val headerSize = if (isWavByExtension) {
-                getWavHeaderSize(fileUri)
-            } else null
-            
-            // If it's a WAV file (by extension and header verification)
-            return if (isWavByExtension && headerSize != null) {
-                LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Loading WAV range with header size: $headerSize bytes")
-                loadWavRange(fileUri, startTimeMs, endTimeMs, effectiveConfig, headerSize)
-            } else {
-                if (isWavByExtension) {
-                    LogUtils.w(CLASS_NAME, "File has .wav extension but invalid header, falling back to compressed loader")
-                }
-                LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Loading compressed audio range")
-                loadCompressedAudioRange(fileUri, startTimeMs, endTimeMs, effectiveConfig)
-            }
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to load audio range: ${e.message}", e)
-            return null
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun loadWavRange(
-        fileUri: String,
-        startTimeMs: Long,
-        endTimeMs: Long,
-        config: DecodingConfig,
-        headerSize: Int
-    ): AudioData? {
-        try {
-            val file = File(fileUri.removePrefix("file://")).takeIf { it.exists() }
-                ?: File(filesDir, File(fileUri).name).takeIf { it.exists() }
-                ?: throw IllegalArgumentException("File not found: $fileUri")
-
-            // Use existing method to get audio format
-            val format = getAudioFormat(fileUri) ?: throw IllegalArgumentException("Could not determine audio format")
-            
-            val bytesPerSecond = format.sampleRate * format.channels * (format.bitDepth / 8)
-            val startByteOffset = ((startTimeMs * bytesPerSecond) / 1000).toInt()
-            val endByteOffset = ((endTimeMs * bytesPerSecond) / 1000).toInt()
-            
-            val startByte = headerSize + startByteOffset
-            val endByte = headerSize + endByteOffset
-
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, """
-                Loading WAV range:
-                - headerSize: $headerSize
-                - startByte: $startByte
-                - endByte: $endByte
-                - bytesPerSecond: $bytesPerSecond
-            """.trimIndent())
-
-            var audioDataBytes = ByteArray((endByte - startByte).coerceAtLeast(0))
-            FileInputStream(file).use { fis ->
-                fis.skip(startByte.toLong())
-                fis.read(audioDataBytes)
-            }
-
-            // Apply bit depth conversion if needed
-            var effectiveBitDepth = format.bitDepth
-            if (config.targetBitDepth != format.bitDepth) {
-                audioDataBytes = AudioFormatUtils.convertBitDepth(
-                    audioDataBytes,
-                    format.bitDepth,
-                    config.targetBitDepth
-                )
-                effectiveBitDepth = config.targetBitDepth
-                LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Converted bit depth from ${format.bitDepth} to ${config.targetBitDepth}")
-            }
-
-            return AudioData(
-                data = audioDataBytes,
-                sampleRate = format.sampleRate,
-                channels = format.channels,
-                bitDepth = effectiveBitDepth,
-                durationMs = endTimeMs - startTimeMs
-            )
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to load WAV range: ${e.message}", e)
-            return null
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun loadCompressedAudioRange(
-        fileUri: String,
-        startTimeMs: Long,
-        endTimeMs: Long,
-        config: DecodingConfig
-    ): AudioData? {
-        val extractor = MediaExtractor()
-        var decoder: MediaCodec? = null
-        
-        try {
-            extractor.setDataSource(fileUri.removePrefix("file://"))
-            val format = extractor.getTrackFormat(0)
-            extractor.selectTrack(0)
-
-            val originalSampleRate = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_SAMPLE_RATE)
-            val originalChannels = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_CHANNEL_COUNT)
-            val totalDurationUs = try {
-                format.getLong(MediaFormat.KEY_DURATION)
-            } catch (e: Exception) {
-                (format.getString(MediaFormat.KEY_DURATION) ?: "-1").toLong()
-            }
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Raw duration from format: ${totalDurationUs}us")
-            
-            val totalDurationMs = totalDurationUs / 1000
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Final duration: ${totalDurationMs}ms")
-
-            // Calculate valid time range
-            val validStartMs = startTimeMs.coerceIn(0, totalDurationMs) ?: 0
-            val validEndMs = endTimeMs.coerceIn(validStartMs, totalDurationMs) ?: totalDurationMs
-            val effectiveDurationMs = validEndMs - validStartMs
-
-            // Initialize decoder
-            decoder = MediaCodec.createDecoderByType(format.getString(MediaFormat.KEY_MIME)!!)
-            decoder.configure(format, null, null, 0)
-            decoder.start()
-
-            // Seek to start position if needed
-            if (validStartMs > 0) {
-                extractor.seekTo(validStartMs * 1000, MediaExtractor.SEEK_TO_CLOSEST_SYNC)
-            }
-
-            // Calculate buffer sizes
-            val targetSampleRate = config.targetSampleRate ?: originalSampleRate
-            val targetChannels = config.targetChannels ?: originalChannels
-            val targetBitDepth = config.targetBitDepth ?: 16
-            val bytesPerSample = targetBitDepth / 8
-            val samplesPerSecond = targetSampleRate * targetChannels
-            val totalBytes = (effectiveDurationMs * samplesPerSecond * bytesPerSample) / 1000
-
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, """
-                Loading audio range:
-                - start: ${validStartMs}ms
-                - end: ${validEndMs}ms
-                - duration: ${effectiveDurationMs}ms
-                - bytes: $totalBytes
-                - format: ${targetSampleRate}Hz, $targetChannels channels, $targetBitDepth-bit
-            """.trimIndent())
-
-            val outputBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(totalBytes.toInt())
-            val bufferInfo = MediaCodec.BufferInfo()
-            var isEOS = false
-            
-            while (!isEOS) {
-                // Handle input
-                val inputBufferId = decoder.dequeueInputBuffer(10000)
-                if (inputBufferId >= 0) {
-                    val inputBuffer = decoder.getInputBuffer(inputBufferId)!!
-                    val sampleSize = extractor.readSampleData(inputBuffer, 0)
-                    
-                    when {
-                        sampleSize < 0 -> {
-                            decoder.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, 0, 0, 0, MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM)
-                            isEOS = true
-                        }
-                        extractor.sampleTime > validEndMs * 1000 -> {
-                            decoder.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, 0, 0, 0, MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM)
-                            isEOS = true
-                        }
-                        else -> {
-                            decoder.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, 0, sampleSize, extractor.sampleTime, 0)
-                            extractor.advance()
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // Handle output
-                val outputBufferId = decoder.dequeueOutputBuffer(bufferInfo, 10000)
-                if (outputBufferId >= 0) {
-                    val decodedBuffer = decoder.getOutputBuffer(outputBufferId)!!
-                    if (bufferInfo.size > 0) {
-                        // Set buffer position and limit based on the decoded data
-                        decodedBuffer.position(bufferInfo.offset)
-                        decodedBuffer.limit(bufferInfo.offset + bufferInfo.size)
-                        
-                        // Copy decoded data to our output buffer
-                        outputBuffer.put(decodedBuffer)
-                    }
-                    decoder.releaseOutputBuffer(outputBufferId, false)
-                    
-                    // Check if we've reached the end
-                    if ((bufferInfo.flags and MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM) != 0) {
-                        isEOS = true
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Prepare the final byte array
-            outputBuffer.flip()
-            val audioData = ByteArray(outputBuffer.remaining())
-            outputBuffer.get(audioData)
-
-            return AudioData(
-                data = audioData,
-                sampleRate = targetSampleRate,
-                channels = targetChannels,
-                bitDepth = targetBitDepth,
-                durationMs = endTimeMs - startTimeMs  // Use the actual time range
-            ).also {
-                LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Loaded compressed audio with duration: ${effectiveDurationMs}ms")
-            }
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to load compressed audio range: ${e.message}", e)
-            return null
-        } finally {
-            decoder?.stop()
-            decoder?.release()
-            extractor.release()
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Future audio editing methods
-    fun trimAudio(
-        fileUri: String,
-        startTimeMs: Long,
-        endTimeMs: Long,
-        config: DecodingConfig? = null,
-        outputFileName: String? = null
-    ): AudioData? {
-        try {
-            // Load the specified range
-            val audioData = loadAudioRange(fileUri, startTimeMs, endTimeMs, config ?: DecodingConfig())
-                ?: return null
-            
-            // Generate output filename if not provided
-            val outputFile = if (outputFileName != null) {
-                File(filesDir, outputFileName)
-            } else {
-                val timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis()
-                File(filesDir, "trimmed_${timestamp}.wav")
-            }
-            
-            val durationMs = (endTimeMs - startTimeMs).toInt()
-            
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, """
-                Trimming audio:
-                - start: ${startTimeMs}ms
-                - end: ${endTimeMs}ms
-                - duration: ${durationMs}ms
-                - output: ${outputFile.name}
-            """.trimIndent())
-
-            // Write WAV header
-            RandomAccessFile(outputFile, "rw").use { raf ->
-                // RIFF header
-                raf.write("RIFF".toByteArray())
-                val fileSize = audioData.data.size + 36 // File size minus RIFF header
-                raf.writeInt(fileSize)
-                raf.write("WAVE".toByteArray())
-
-                // fmt chunk
-                raf.write("fmt ".toByteArray())
-                raf.writeInt(16) // Subchunk1Size (16 for PCM)
-                val formatBytes = ByteBuffer.allocate(2).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-                formatBytes.putShort(1) // AudioFormat (1 for PCM)
-                raf.write(formatBytes.array())
-
-                val channelsBytes = ByteBuffer.allocate(2).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-                channelsBytes.putShort(audioData.channels.toShort())
-                raf.write(channelsBytes.array())
-
-                val sampleRateBytes = ByteBuffer.allocate(4).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-                sampleRateBytes.putInt(audioData.sampleRate)
-                raf.write(sampleRateBytes.array())
-                
-                val byteRate = audioData.sampleRate * audioData.channels * (audioData.bitDepth / 8)
-                raf.writeInt(byteRate) // ByteRate
-                
-                val blockAlign = audioData.channels * (audioData.bitDepth / 8)
-                raf.writeShort(blockAlign) // BlockAlign
-                raf.writeShort(audioData.bitDepth) // BitsPerSample
-
-                // data chunk
-                raf.write("data".toByteArray())
-                raf.writeInt(audioData.data.size) // Subchunk2Size
-                
-                // Write audio data
-                raf.write(audioData.data)
-            }
-
-            // Debug WAV header to verify
-            debugWavHeader(outputFile)
-
-            // Return the trimmed audio data
-            return AudioData(
-                data = audioData.data,
-                sampleRate = audioData.sampleRate,
-                channels = audioData.channels,
-                bitDepth = audioData.bitDepth
-            )
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to trim audio: ${e.message}", e)
-            return null
-        }
-    }
-
-    fun removeSection(
-        fileUri: String,
-        startTimeMs: Long,
-        endTimeMs: Long,
-        config: DecodingConfig? = null
-    ): AudioData? {
-        // TODO: Implement removing a section by concatenating before and after ranges
-        // This will use loadAudioRange to get two sections and join them
-        return null
-    }
-
-    fun joinAudioSections(
-        sections: List<AudioData>,
-        config: DecodingConfig? = null
-    ): AudioData? {
-        // TODO: Implement joining multiple audio sections
-        // This will be used by removeSection and other future editing features
-        return null
-    }
-
-    // Helper method for future editing features
-    private fun convertAudioFormat(
-        audioData: AudioData,
-        targetSampleRate: Int? = null,
-        targetChannels: Int? = null,
-        targetBitDepth: Int? = null
-    ): AudioData {
-        // TODO: Implement audio format conversion
-        // This will help ensure consistent format when joining sections
-        return audioData
-    }
-
-    // Add new function to process entire file
-    fun processEntireFile(audioData: AudioData): Features {
-        val samples = convertToFloatArray(audioData.data, audioData.bitDepth)
-        
-        // Compute basic features for the entire file
-        val sumSquares = samples.sumOf { it * it.toDouble() }.toFloat()
-        val segmentLength = samples.size
-        val zeroCrossings = countZeroCrossings(samples)
-        val minAmplitude = samples.minOrNull() ?: 0f
-        val maxAmplitude = samples.maxOrNull() ?: 0f
-        
-        // Use existing computeFeatures with the entire file as one segment
-        return computeFeatures(
-            segmentData = samples,
-            sampleRate = audioData.sampleRate.toFloat(),
-            sumSquares = sumSquares,
-            zeroCrossings = zeroCrossings,
-            segmentLength = segmentLength,
-            minAmplitude = minAmplitude,
-            maxAmplitude = maxAmplitude,
-            featureOptions = mapOf() // Dont compute complex features
-        )
-    }
-
-    private fun countZeroCrossings(data: FloatArray): Int {
-        var crossings = 0
-        for (i in 1 until data.size) {
-            if (data[i - 1] * data[i] < 0) crossings++
-        }
-        return crossings
-    }
-
-    private fun hzToMel(hz: Float): Float {
-        return 2595f * log10(1f + hz / 700f)
-    }
-
-    private fun melToHz(mel: Float): Float {
-        return 700f * (10f.pow(mel / 2595f) - 1f)
-    }
-
-    private fun applyHannWindow(samples: FloatArray): FloatArray {
-        val output = FloatArray(samples.size)
-        for (i in samples.indices) {
-            val multiplier = 0.5f * (1f - cos(2f * PI.toFloat() * i / (samples.size - 1)))
-            output[i] = samples[i] * multiplier
-        }
-        return output
-    }
-
-    // Generate a Hann window of a specific size (new, avoids modifying applyHannWindow)
-    private fun generateHannWindow(size: Int): FloatArray {
-        return FloatArray(size) { i ->
-            0.5f * (1f - cos(2f * PI.toFloat() * i / (size - 1)))
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Main function to extract mel spectrogram
-    fun extractMelSpectrogram(
-        audioData: AudioData,
-        windowSizeMs: Float = 25f, // Default 25ms window
-        hopLengthMs: Float = 10f, // Default 10ms hop
-        nMels: Int = 128,         // Number of mel bins
-        fftLength: Int = 2048,    // FFT size
-        fMin: Float = 0f,         // Minimum frequency
-        fMax: Float = audioData.sampleRate.toFloat() / 2, // Nyquist frequency
-        windowType: String = "hann", // Add parameter
-        logScaling: Boolean = true, // Apply log scaling
-        normalize: Boolean = false  // Normalize output
-    ): SpectrogramData {
-        val sampleRate = audioData.sampleRate.toFloat()
-        val samples = convertToFloatArray(audioData.data, audioData.bitDepth)
-
-        // Convert ms to samples
-        val windowSizeSamples = (windowSizeMs * sampleRate / 1000).toInt()
-        val hopLengthSamples = (hopLengthMs * sampleRate / 1000).toInt()
-
-
-        val window = when (windowType.lowercase()) {
-            "hann" -> generateHannWindow(windowSizeSamples)
-            "hamming" -> FloatArray(windowSizeSamples) { i ->
-                0.54f - 0.46f * cos(2f * PI.toFloat() * i / (windowSizeSamples - 1))
-            }
-            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported windowType: $windowType")
-        }
-
-        // Compute STFT
-        val stft = computeSTFT(samples, fftLength, windowSizeSamples, hopLengthSamples, window)
-
-        // Apply mel filterbank
-        val melSpectrogram = applyMelFilterbank(stft, sampleRate, nMels, fftLength, fMin, fMax)
-
-        // Post-processing: log scaling and normalization
-        if (logScaling) {
-            for (i in melSpectrogram.indices) {
-                for (j in melSpectrogram[i].indices) {
-                    melSpectrogram[i][j] = ln(max(1e-10f, melSpectrogram[i][j])).toFloat()
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        if (normalize) {
-            // Find min and max values across the entire spectrogram
-            var minVal = Float.MAX_VALUE
-            var maxVal = Float.MIN_VALUE
-            
-            for (i in melSpectrogram.indices) {
-                for (j in melSpectrogram[i].indices) {
-                    val value = melSpectrogram[i][j]
-                    if (value < minVal) minVal = value
-                    if (value > maxVal) maxVal = value
-                }
-            }
-            
-            val range = maxVal - minVal
-            if (range > 0) {
-                for (i in melSpectrogram.indices) {
-                    for (j in melSpectrogram[i].indices) {
-                        melSpectrogram[i][j] = (melSpectrogram[i][j] - minVal) / range
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Compute timestamps and frequencies for metadata
-        val numFrames = melSpectrogram.size
-        val timeStamps = FloatArray(numFrames) { it * hopLengthMs / 1000f }
-        val frequencies = melFrequencies(nMels, fMin, fMax)
-
-        return SpectrogramData(melSpectrogram, timeStamps, frequencies)
-    }
-
-    // Compute Short-Time Fourier Transform
-    private fun computeSTFT(
-        samples: FloatArray,
-        fftLength: Int,
-        windowSize: Int,
-        hopLength: Int,
-        window: FloatArray
-    ): Array<FloatArray> {
-        val fft = FFT(fftLength)
-        val numFrames = ((samples.size - windowSize) / hopLength) + 1
-        val stft = Array(numFrames) { FloatArray(fftLength / 2 + 1) }
-
-        for (frameIdx in 0 until numFrames) {
-            val start = frameIdx * hopLength
-            val end = minOf(start + windowSize, samples.size)
-            val frame = FloatArray(fftLength) { 0f }
-
-            // Extract and window the frame
-            for (i in start until end) {
-                frame[i - start] = samples[i] * window[i - start]
-            }
-
-            // Compute FFT and power spectrum
-            val fftResult = fft.processSegment(frame)
-            for (i in 0 until fftLength / 2 + 1) {
-                // Check bounds before accessing array elements
-                val real = if (2 * i < fftResult.size) fftResult[2 * i] else 0f
-                val imag = if (2 * i + 1 < fftResult.size) fftResult[2 * i + 1] else 0f
-                stft[frameIdx][i] = real * real + imag * imag
-            }
-        }
-        return stft
-    }
-
-    // Apply mel filterbank to STFT
-    private fun applyMelFilterbank(
-        stft: Array<FloatArray>,
-        sampleRate: Float,
-        nMels: Int,
-        fftLength: Int,
-        fMin: Float,
-        fMax: Float
-    ): Array<FloatArray> {
-        val numFrames = stft.size
-        val numBins = stft[0].size
-        val melFilters = createMelFilterbank(sampleRate, fftLength, nMels, fMin, fMax)
-        val melSpectrogram = Array(numFrames) { FloatArray(nMels) }
-
-        for (frame in 0 until numFrames) {
-            for (melBin in 0 until nMels) {
-                var sum = 0f
-                for (bin in 0 until numBins) {
-                    sum += stft[frame][bin] * melFilters[melBin][bin]
-                }
-                melSpectrogram[frame][melBin] = sum
-            }
-        }
-        return melSpectrogram
-    }
-
-    // Create mel filterbank matrix
-    private fun createMelFilterbank(
-        sampleRate: Float,
-        fftLength: Int,
-        nMels: Int,
-        fMin: Float,
-        fMax: Float
-    ): Array<FloatArray> {
-        val freqs = FloatArray(fftLength / 2 + 1) { it * sampleRate / fftLength }
-        val melPoints = melFrequencies(nMels + 2, fMin, fMax)
-        val melFilters = Array(nMels) { FloatArray(fftLength / 2 + 1) }
-
-        for (melIdx in 0 until nMels) {
-            val fLow = melPoints[melIdx]
-            val fCenter = melPoints[melIdx + 1]
-            val fHigh = melPoints[melIdx + 2]
-
-            for (bin in freqs.indices) {
-                val freq = freqs[bin]
-                melFilters[melIdx][bin] = when {
-                    freq < fLow || freq > fHigh -> 0f
-                    freq <= fCenter -> (freq - fLow) / (fCenter - fLow)
-                    else -> (fHigh - freq) / (fHigh - fCenter)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return melFilters
-    }
-
-    // Generate mel-spaced frequencies
-    private fun melFrequencies(nMels: Int, fMin: Float, fMax: Float): FloatArray {
-        val melMin = hzToMel(fMin)
-        val melMax = hzToMel(fMax)
-        val melPoints = FloatArray(nMels) { i ->
-            val mel = melMin + i * (melMax - melMin) / (nMels - 1)
-            melToHz(mel)
-        }
-        return melPoints
-    }
-
-    private fun computeMelSpectrogram(samples: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): List<Float> {
-        val (powerSpectrum, _) = prepareFFT(samples, sampleRate)
-        val melFilters = computeMelFilterbank(
-            numFilters = 128,
-            powerSpectrumSize = powerSpectrum.size,
-            sampleRate = sampleRate
-        )
-        
-        // Apply Mel filters to power spectrum
-        return melFilters.map { filter ->
-            var energy = 0f
-            for (j in powerSpectrum.indices) {
-                energy += powerSpectrum[j] * filter[j]
-            }
-            kotlin.math.ln(maxOf(energy, 1e-10f))
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun computeChroma(samples: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): List<Float> {
-        val (_, magnitudeSpectrum) = prepareFFT(samples, sampleRate)
-        val chroma = FloatArray(N_CHROMA) { 0f }
-        val freqsPerBin = sampleRate / N_FFT
-        
-        for (i in 0 until N_FFT / 2) {
-            val freq = i * freqsPerBin
-            if (freq > 0) {
-                val pitchClass = (12 * log2(freq / 440.0) % 12).toInt()
-                if (pitchClass in 0..11) {
-                    val magnitude = sqrt(magnitudeSpectrum[2 * i] * magnitudeSpectrum[2 * i] + 
-                        (if (2 * i + 1 < magnitudeSpectrum.size) magnitudeSpectrum[2 * i + 1] else 0f) * 
-                        magnitudeSpectrum[2 * i + 1])
-                    chroma[pitchClass] += magnitude
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        
-        return chroma.toList()
-    }
-
-    private fun computeSpectralContrast(samples: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): List<Float> {
-        val (_, magnitudeSpectrum) = prepareFFT(samples, sampleRate)
-        // ... rest of spectral contrast computation using magnitudeSpectrum ...
-        // Implementation depends on your specific requirements
-        return emptyList() // Placeholder
-    }
-
-    private fun computeTonnetz(samples: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): List<Float> {
-        // First compute chroma features
-        val chroma = computeChroma(samples, sampleRate)
-        
-        // Tonnetz transformation matrix (6x12)
-        val tonnetzMatrix = arrayOf(
-            floatArrayOf(1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f), // Perfect fifth
-            floatArrayOf(0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f), // Minor third
-            floatArrayOf(0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f), // Major third
-            floatArrayOf(0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f), // Perfect fifth
-            floatArrayOf(0f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f), // Minor third
-            floatArrayOf(1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f)  // Major third
-        )
-        
-        // Compute tonnetz features
-        val tonnetz = mutableListOf<Float>()
-        for (row in tonnetzMatrix) {
-            var sum = 0f
-            for (i in row.indices) {
-                sum += row[i] * (chroma.getOrNull(i) ?: 0f)
-            }
-            tonnetz.add(sum)
-        }
-        
-        return tonnetz
-    }
-
-    private fun nextPowerOfTwo(n: Int): Int {
-        var value = 1
-        while (value < n) {
-            value *= 2
-        }
-        return value
-    }
-
-    private fun estimatePitch(segment: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float): Float {
-        if (segment.size < 2) return 0.0f
-
-        // Apply Hann window
-        val windowed = applyHannWindow(segment)
-
-        // Pad for FFT - ensure length is power of 2 and sufficient for autocorrelation
-        val fftLength = nextPowerOfTwo(segment.size * 2)
-        val padded = FloatArray(fftLength) // Initialize with zeros
-        windowed.copyInto(padded) // Copy windowed data into padded array
-
-        // Perform forward FFT
-        val fft = FFT(fftLength)
-        try {
-            fft.realForward(padded)
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "FFT forward transform failed: ${e.message}")
-            return 0.0f
-        }
-
-        // Compute power spectrum
-        val powerSpectrum = FloatArray(fftLength)
-        try {
-            // Handle DC and Nyquist components separately
-            powerSpectrum[0] = padded[0] * padded[0]
-            powerSpectrum[fftLength/2] = padded[1] * padded[1]
-            
-            // Handle remaining frequencies
-            for (i in 1 until fftLength/2) {
-                val re = padded[2 * i]
-                val im = padded[2 * i + 1]
-                powerSpectrum[i] = re * re + im * im
-                powerSpectrum[fftLength - i] = powerSpectrum[i] // Mirror for inverse FFT
-            }
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Power spectrum computation failed: ${e.message}")
-            return 0.0f
-        }
-
-        // Inverse FFT to get autocorrelation
-        val autocorrelation = FloatArray(fftLength)
-        try {
-            fft.realInverse(powerSpectrum, autocorrelation)
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "FFT inverse transform failed: ${e.message}")
-            return 0.0f
-        }
-
-        // Normalize autocorrelation
-        val normFactor = 1.0f / autocorrelation[0] // Normalize by zero-lag autocorrelation
-        for (i in autocorrelation.indices) {
-            autocorrelation[i] *= normFactor
-        }
-
-        // Find the first peak within pitch range (50-500 Hz)
-        val minLag = (sampleRate / 500.0f).toInt().coerceAtLeast(1)
-        val maxLag = (sampleRate / 50.0f).toInt().coerceAtMost(autocorrelation.size - 1)
-        
-        var maxCorr = -1.0f
-        var pitchLag = 0
-        
-        // Add peak picking criteria
-        val threshold = 0.3f // Correlation threshold
-        var isPeak = false
-        
-        for (lag in minLag..maxLag) {
-            if (lag > 0 && lag < autocorrelation.size - 1) {
-                // Check if this point is a peak
-                isPeak = autocorrelation[lag] > autocorrelation[lag - 1] && 
-                        autocorrelation[lag] > autocorrelation[lag + 1] &&
-                        autocorrelation[lag] > threshold
-                
-                if (isPeak && autocorrelation[lag] > maxCorr) {
-                    maxCorr = autocorrelation[lag]
-                    pitchLag = lag
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return if (pitchLag > 0) sampleRate / pitchLag else 0.0f
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Prepares FFT by applying Hann window, padding, and computing both power and magnitude spectra.
-     * @param samples Input audio samples
-     * @param sampleRate Sampling rate in Hz
-     * @param fftLength FFT size (must be power of 2)
-     * @return Pair of power spectrum and magnitude spectrum
-     */
-    private fun prepareFFT(samples: FloatArray, sampleRate: Float, fftLength: Int = nextPowerOfTwo(samples.size.coerceAtLeast(2048))): Pair<FloatArray, FloatArray> {
-        val windowed = applyHannWindow(samples)
-        val padded = windowed.copyOf(fftLength)
-        val fft = FFT(fftLength)
-        fft.realForward(padded)
-
-        val magnitudeSpectrum = FloatArray(fftLength / 2 + 1)
-        for (i in 0 until fftLength / 2) {
-            val re = padded[2 * i]
-            val im = padded[2 * i + 1]
-            magnitudeSpectrum[i] = sqrt(re * re + im * im)
-        }
-        magnitudeSpectrum[fftLength / 2] = abs(padded[1])
-
-        val powerSpectrum = magnitudeSpectrum.map { it * it }.toFloatArray()
-        return Pair(powerSpectrum, magnitudeSpectrum)
-    }
-
-    data class AudioFormat(
-        val sampleRate: Int,
-        val channels: Int,
-        val bitDepth: Int
-    )
-
-    fun getAudioFormat(fileUri: String): AudioFormat? {
-        val cleanUri = fileUri.removePrefix("file://")
-        val file = File(cleanUri).takeIf { it.exists() } ?: File(filesDir, File(cleanUri).name).takeIf { it.exists() }
-            ?: run {
-                LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "File not found: $cleanUri")
-                return null
-            }
-
-        val extractor = MediaExtractor()
-        try {
-            extractor.setDataSource(file.absolutePath)
-            val format = extractor.getTrackFormat(0)
-            return AudioFormat(
-                sampleRate = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_SAMPLE_RATE),
-                channels = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_CHANNEL_COUNT),
-                bitDepth = 16  // Most compressed formats decode to 16-bit PCM
-            )
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to get audio format: ${e.message}", e)
-            return null
-        } finally {
-            extractor.release()
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the size of the audio file header.
-     * For WAV files, this includes the RIFF header and all metadata chunks before the data chunk.
-     * For other formats, this will return null as header size handling is format-specific.
-     *
-     * @param fileUri The URI of the audio file to analyze
-     * @return The size of the header in bytes, or null if:
-     *         - The file is not a WAV file
-     *         - The file cannot be read
-     *         - The file format is invalid
-     *         - The data chunk cannot be found
-     *
-     * WAV File Structure:
-     * - RIFF header (12 bytes)
-     *   - "RIFF" identifier (4 bytes)
-     *   - File size (4 bytes)
-     *   - "WAVE" identifier (4 bytes)
-     * - Format chunk ("fmt ") (24 bytes typically)
-     * - Optional metadata chunks (variable size)
-     *   - LIST (metadata like artist, title)
-     *   - JUNK (padding)
-     *   - fact (additional format info)
-     *   - cue  (cue points)
-     * - Data chunk
-     *   - "data" identifier (4 bytes)
-     *   - Chunk size (4 bytes)
-     *   - Actual audio data
-     */
-    fun getWavHeaderSize(fileUri: String): Int? {
-        val cleanUri = fileUri.removePrefix("file://")
-        val file = File(cleanUri).takeIf { it.exists() } ?: File(filesDir, File(cleanUri).name).takeIf { it.exists() }
-            ?: run {
-                LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "File not found: $cleanUri")
-                return null
-            }
-
-        try {
-            val inputStream = FileInputStream(file)
-            val buffer = ByteArray(12)  // Read RIFF header and chunk size
-            
-            // Read RIFF header
-            if (inputStream.read(buffer) != 12) {
-                LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to read RIFF header")
-                return null
-            }
-            
-            // Verify RIFF header
-            if (String(buffer, 0, 4) != "RIFF" || String(buffer, 8, 4) != "WAVE") {
-                LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Invalid WAV file format")
-                return null
-            }
-            
-            var headerSize = 12
-            var chunkSize: Int
-            
-            // Read chunks until we find the data chunk
-            while (true) {
-                if (inputStream.read(buffer, 0, 8) != 8) {
-                    LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Unexpected end of file while reading chunks")
-                    break
-                }
-                
-                chunkSize = (buffer[7].toInt() and 0xFF shl 24) or
-                           (buffer[6].toInt() and 0xFF shl 16) or
-                           (buffer[5].toInt() and 0xFF shl 8) or
-                           (buffer[4].toInt() and 0xFF)
-                
-                val chunkId = String(buffer, 0, 4)
-                LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Found chunk: $chunkId, size: $chunkSize")
-                
-                if (chunkId == "data") {
-                    headerSize += 8  // Add chunk header size
-                    LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Found data chunk at offset: $headerSize")
-                    break
-                }
-                
-                headerSize += 8 + chunkSize  // Add chunk header and data size
-                inputStream.skip(chunkSize.toLong())  // Skip chunk data
-            }
-            
-            inputStream.close()
-            LogUtils.d(CLASS_NAME, "Total WAV header size: $headerSize bytes")
-            return headerSize
-            
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Error calculating WAV header size: ${e.message}", e)
-            return null
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Decodes a specific time range of an audio file directly to PCM data
-     * This is more efficient than decoding the entire file when only a portion is needed
-     */
-    fun decodeAudioRangeToPCM(fileUri: String, startTimeMs: Long, endTimeMs: Long): AudioData? {
-        val extractor = MediaExtractor()
-        var decoder: android.media.MediaCodec? = null
-        
-        try {
-            extractor.setDataSource(fileUri)
-            val trackIndex = (0 until extractor.trackCount).find { 
-                extractor.getTrackFormat(it).getString(MediaFormat.KEY_MIME)?.startsWith("audio/") == true 
-            } ?: return null
-            
-            extractor.selectTrack(trackIndex)
-            val format = extractor.getTrackFormat(trackIndex)
-            
-            val sampleRate = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_SAMPLE_RATE)
-            val channels = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_CHANNEL_COUNT)
-            decoder = android.media.MediaCodec.createDecoderByType(format.getString(MediaFormat.KEY_MIME)!!)
-            decoder.configure(format, null, null, 0)
-            decoder.start()
-
-            extractor.seekTo(startTimeMs * 1000, MediaExtractor.SEEK_TO_PREVIOUS_SYNC)
-            val pcmData = mutableListOf<Byte>()
-            val bufferInfo = android.media.MediaCodec.BufferInfo()
-            var isEOS = false
-            var firstBufferTimeUs: Long? = null
-
-            while (!isEOS) {
-                val inputBufferId = decoder.dequeueInputBuffer(10000)
-                if (inputBufferId >= 0) {
-                    val inputBuffer = decoder.getInputBuffer(inputBufferId)!!
-                    val sampleSize = extractor.readSampleData(inputBuffer, 0)
-                    if (sampleSize < 0 || extractor.sampleTime > endTimeMs * 1000) {
-                        decoder.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, 0, 0, 0, android.media.MediaCodec.BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM)
-                        isEOS = true
-                    } else {
-                        decoder.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, 0, sampleSize, extractor.sampleTime, 0)
-                        extractor.advance()
-                    }
-                }
-
-                val outputBufferId = decoder.dequeueOutputBuffer(bufferInfo, 10000)
-                if (outputBufferId >= 0) {
-                    val outputBuffer = decoder.getOutputBuffer(outputBufferId)!!
-                    if (firstBufferTimeUs == null) firstBufferTimeUs = bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs
-                    val chunk = ByteArray(bufferInfo.size)
-                    outputBuffer.get(chunk)
-                    pcmData.addAll(chunk.toList())
-                    decoder.releaseOutputBuffer(outputBufferId, false)
-                }
-            }
-
-            // If we didn't get any data or first buffer time, return null
-            if (pcmData.isEmpty() || firstBufferTimeUs == null) {
-                return null
-            }
-
-            // Trim PCM data to exact time range
-            val bytesPerSample = 2 // 16-bit PCM
-            val bytesPerFrame = bytesPerSample * channels
-            val samplesPerSecond = sampleRate * channels
-            val dt = 1_000_000.0 / sampleRate // Time per sample in microseconds
-            
-            val allSamples = java.nio.ByteBuffer.wrap(pcmData.toByteArray()).order(java.nio.ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asShortBuffer()
-            val totalSamples = allSamples.capacity()
-            
-            // Calculate sample indices for the exact time range
-            val startSample = ((startTimeMs * 1000 - firstBufferTimeUs) / dt).toInt().coerceIn(0, totalSamples)
-            val endSample = ((endTimeMs * 1000 - firstBufferTimeUs) / dt).toInt().coerceIn(startSample, totalSamples)
-            
-            // Create a new ShortBuffer view starting at the correct position
-            allSamples.position(startSample)
-            val trimmedSamples = ShortArray(endSample - startSample)
-            for (i in trimmedSamples.indices) {
-                trimmedSamples[i] = allSamples.get()
-            }
-            
-            // Convert ShortArray to ByteArray
-            val trimmedBytes = ByteArray(trimmedSamples.size * 2)
-            val byteBuffer = java.nio.ByteBuffer.wrap(trimmedBytes).order(java.nio.ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-            val shortBuffer = byteBuffer.asShortBuffer()
-            shortBuffer.put(trimmedSamples)
-
-            return AudioData(
-                data = trimmedBytes,
-                sampleRate = sampleRate,
-                channels = channels,
-                bitDepth = 16, // MediaCodec typically decodes to 16-bit PCM
-                durationMs = endTimeMs - startTimeMs
-            )
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            LogUtils.e(CLASS_NAME, "Failed to decode audio range: ${e.message}", e)
-            return null
-        } finally {
-            try {
-                decoder?.stop()
-                decoder?.release()
-            } catch (e: Exception) {
-                LogUtils.w(CLASS_NAME, "Error releasing decoder: ${e.message}")
-            }
-            
-            try {
-                extractor.release()
-            } catch (e: Exception) {
-                LogUtils.w(CLASS_NAME, "Error releasing extractor: ${e.message}")
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}