@scrypted/arlo 0.11.26 → 0.11.28

package/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/typing_extensions.py

@@ -1,3641 +0,0 @@
-import abc
-import collections
-import collections.abc
-import contextlib
-import functools
-import inspect
-import operator
-import sys
-import types as _types
-import typing
-import warnings
-
-__all__ = [
-    # Super-special typing primitives.
-    'Any',
-    'ClassVar',
-    'Concatenate',
-    'Final',
-    'LiteralString',
-    'ParamSpec',
-    'ParamSpecArgs',
-    'ParamSpecKwargs',
-    'Self',
-    'Type',
-    'TypeVar',
-    'TypeVarTuple',
-    'Unpack',
-
-    # ABCs (from collections.abc).
-    'Awaitable',
-    'AsyncIterator',
-    'AsyncIterable',
-    'Coroutine',
-    'AsyncGenerator',
-    'AsyncContextManager',
-    'Buffer',
-    'ChainMap',
-
-    # Concrete collection types.
-    'ContextManager',
-    'Counter',
-    'Deque',
-    'DefaultDict',
-    'NamedTuple',
-    'OrderedDict',
-    'TypedDict',
-
-    # Structural checks, a.k.a. protocols.
-    'SupportsAbs',
-    'SupportsBytes',
-    'SupportsComplex',
-    'SupportsFloat',
-    'SupportsIndex',
-    'SupportsInt',
-    'SupportsRound',
-
-    # One-off things.
-    'Annotated',
-    'assert_never',
-    'assert_type',
-    'clear_overloads',
-    'dataclass_transform',
-    'deprecated',
-    'Doc',
-    'get_overloads',
-    'final',
-    'get_args',
-    'get_origin',
-    'get_original_bases',
-    'get_protocol_members',
-    'get_type_hints',
-    'IntVar',
-    'is_protocol',
-    'is_typeddict',
-    'Literal',
-    'NewType',
-    'overload',
-    'override',
-    'Protocol',
-    'reveal_type',
-    'runtime',
-    'runtime_checkable',
-    'Text',
-    'TypeAlias',
-    'TypeAliasType',
-    'TypeGuard',
-    'TypeIs',
-    'TYPE_CHECKING',
-    'Never',
-    'NoReturn',
-    'ReadOnly',
-    'Required',
-    'NotRequired',
-
-    # Pure aliases, have always been in typing
-    'AbstractSet',
-    'AnyStr',
-    'BinaryIO',
-    'Callable',
-    'Collection',
-    'Container',
-    'Dict',
-    'ForwardRef',
-    'FrozenSet',
-    'Generator',
-    'Generic',
-    'Hashable',
-    'IO',
-    'ItemsView',
-    'Iterable',
-    'Iterator',
-    'KeysView',
-    'List',
-    'Mapping',
-    'MappingView',
-    'Match',
-    'MutableMapping',
-    'MutableSequence',
-    'MutableSet',
-    'NoDefault',
-    'Optional',
-    'Pattern',
-    'Reversible',
-    'Sequence',
-    'Set',
-    'Sized',
-    'TextIO',
-    'Tuple',
-    'Union',
-    'ValuesView',
-    'cast',
-    'no_type_check',
-    'no_type_check_decorator',
-]
-
-# for backward compatibility
-PEP_560 = True
-GenericMeta = type
-_PEP_696_IMPLEMENTED = sys.version_info >= (3, 13, 0, "beta")
-
-# The functions below are modified copies of typing internal helpers.
-# They are needed by _ProtocolMeta and they provide support for PEP 646.
-
-
-class _Sentinel:
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return "<sentinel>"
-
-
-_marker = _Sentinel()
-
-
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
-    def _should_collect_from_parameters(t):
-        return isinstance(
-            t, (typing._GenericAlias, _types.GenericAlias, _types.UnionType)
-        )
-elif sys.version_info >= (3, 9):
-    def _should_collect_from_parameters(t):
-        return isinstance(t, (typing._GenericAlias, _types.GenericAlias))
-else:
-    def _should_collect_from_parameters(t):
-        return isinstance(t, typing._GenericAlias) and not t._special
-
-
-NoReturn = typing.NoReturn
-
-# Some unconstrained type variables.  These are used by the container types.
-# (These are not for export.)
-T = typing.TypeVar('T')  # Any type.
-KT = typing.TypeVar('KT')  # Key type.
-VT = typing.TypeVar('VT')  # Value type.
-T_co = typing.TypeVar('T_co', covariant=True)  # Any type covariant containers.
-T_contra = typing.TypeVar('T_contra', contravariant=True)  # Ditto contravariant.
-
-
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
-    from typing import Any
-else:
-
-    class _AnyMeta(type):
-        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
-            if self is Any:
-                raise TypeError("typing_extensions.Any cannot be used with isinstance()")
-            return super().__instancecheck__(obj)
-
-        def __repr__(self):
-            if self is Any:
-                return "typing_extensions.Any"
-            return super().__repr__()
-
-    class Any(metaclass=_AnyMeta):
-        """Special type indicating an unconstrained type.
-        - Any is compatible with every type.
-        - Any assumed to have all methods.
-        - All values assumed to be instances of Any.
-        Note that all the above statements are true from the point of view of
-        static type checkers. At runtime, Any should not be used with instance
-        checks.
-        """
-        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
-            if cls is Any:
-                raise TypeError("Any cannot be instantiated")
-            return super().__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
-
-
-ClassVar = typing.ClassVar
-
-
-class _ExtensionsSpecialForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
-
-
-Final = typing.Final
-
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
-    final = typing.final
-else:
-    # @final exists in 3.8+, but we backport it for all versions
-    # before 3.11 to keep support for the __final__ attribute.
-    # See https://bugs.python.org/issue46342
-    def final(f):
-        """This decorator can be used to indicate to type checkers that
-        the decorated method cannot be overridden, and decorated class
-        cannot be subclassed. For example:
-
-            class Base:
-                @final
-                def done(self) -> None:
-                    ...
-            class Sub(Base):
-                def done(self) -> None:  # Error reported by type checker
-                    ...
-            @final
-            class Leaf:
-                ...
-            class Other(Leaf):  # Error reported by type checker
-                ...
-
-        There is no runtime checking of these properties. The decorator
-        sets the ``__final__`` attribute to ``True`` on the decorated object
-        to allow runtime introspection.
-        """
-        try:
-            f.__final__ = True
-        except (AttributeError, TypeError):
-            # Skip the attribute silently if it is not writable.
-            # AttributeError happens if the object has __slots__ or a
-            # read-only property, TypeError if it's a builtin class.
-            pass
-        return f
-
-
-def IntVar(name):
-    return typing.TypeVar(name)
-
-
-# A Literal bug was fixed in 3.11.0, 3.10.1 and 3.9.8
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 10, 1):
-    Literal = typing.Literal
-else:
-    def _flatten_literal_params(parameters):
-        """An internal helper for Literal creation: flatten Literals among parameters"""
-        params = []
-        for p in parameters:
-            if isinstance(p, _LiteralGenericAlias):
-                params.extend(p.__args__)
-            else:
-                params.append(p)
-        return tuple(params)
-
-    def _value_and_type_iter(params):
-        for p in params:
-            yield p, type(p)
-
-    class _LiteralGenericAlias(typing._GenericAlias, _root=True):
-        def __eq__(self, other):
-            if not isinstance(other, _LiteralGenericAlias):
-                return NotImplemented
-            these_args_deduped = set(_value_and_type_iter(self.__args__))
-            other_args_deduped = set(_value_and_type_iter(other.__args__))
-            return these_args_deduped == other_args_deduped
-
-        def __hash__(self):
-            return hash(frozenset(_value_and_type_iter(self.__args__)))
-
-    class _LiteralForm(_ExtensionsSpecialForm, _root=True):
-        def __init__(self, doc: str):
-            self._name = 'Literal'
-            self._doc = self.__doc__ = doc
-
-        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
-            if not isinstance(parameters, tuple):
-                parameters = (parameters,)
-
-            parameters = _flatten_literal_params(parameters)
-
-            val_type_pairs = list(_value_and_type_iter(parameters))
-            try:
-                deduped_pairs = set(val_type_pairs)
-            except TypeError:
-                # unhashable parameters
-                pass
-            else:
-                # similar logic to typing._deduplicate on Python 3.9+
-                if len(deduped_pairs) < len(val_type_pairs):
-                    new_parameters = []
-                    for pair in val_type_pairs:
-                        if pair in deduped_pairs:
-                            new_parameters.append(pair[0])
-                            deduped_pairs.remove(pair)
-                    assert not deduped_pairs, deduped_pairs
-                    parameters = tuple(new_parameters)
-
-            return _LiteralGenericAlias(self, parameters)
-
-    Literal = _LiteralForm(doc="""\
-                           A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers
-                           that the corresponding value has a value literally equivalent
-                           to the provided parameter. For example:
-
-                               var: Literal[4] = 4
-
-                           The type checker understands that 'var' is literally equal to
-                           the value 4 and no other value.
-
-                           Literal[...] cannot be subclassed. There is no runtime
-                           checking verifying that the parameter is actually a value
-                           instead of a type.""")
-
-
-_overload_dummy = typing._overload_dummy
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "get_overloads"):  # 3.11+
-    overload = typing.overload
-    get_overloads = typing.get_overloads
-    clear_overloads = typing.clear_overloads
-else:
-    # {module: {qualname: {firstlineno: func}}}
-    _overload_registry = collections.defaultdict(
-        functools.partial(collections.defaultdict, dict)
-    )
-
-    def overload(func):
-        """Decorator for overloaded functions/methods.
-
-        In a stub file, place two or more stub definitions for the same
-        function in a row, each decorated with @overload.  For example:
-
-        @overload
-        def utf8(value: None) -> None: ...
-        @overload
-        def utf8(value: bytes) -> bytes: ...
-        @overload
-        def utf8(value: str) -> bytes: ...
-
-        In a non-stub file (i.e. a regular .py file), do the same but
-        follow it with an implementation.  The implementation should *not*
-        be decorated with @overload.  For example:
-
-        @overload
-        def utf8(value: None) -> None: ...
-        @overload
-        def utf8(value: bytes) -> bytes: ...
-        @overload
-        def utf8(value: str) -> bytes: ...
-        def utf8(value):
-            # implementation goes here
-
-        The overloads for a function can be retrieved at runtime using the
-        get_overloads() function.
-        """
-        # classmethod and staticmethod
-        f = getattr(func, "__func__", func)
-        try:
-            _overload_registry[f.__module__][f.__qualname__][
-                f.__code__.co_firstlineno
-            ] = func
-        except AttributeError:
-            # Not a normal function; ignore.
-            pass
-        return _overload_dummy
-
-    def get_overloads(func):
-        """Return all defined overloads for *func* as a sequence."""
-        # classmethod and staticmethod
-        f = getattr(func, "__func__", func)
-        if f.__module__ not in _overload_registry:
-            return []
-        mod_dict = _overload_registry[f.__module__]
-        if f.__qualname__ not in mod_dict:
-            return []
-        return list(mod_dict[f.__qualname__].values())
-
-    def clear_overloads():
-        """Clear all overloads in the registry."""
-        _overload_registry.clear()
-
-
-# This is not a real generic class.  Don't use outside annotations.
-Type = typing.Type
-
-# Various ABCs mimicking those in collections.abc.
-# A few are simply re-exported for completeness.
-Awaitable = typing.Awaitable
-Coroutine = typing.Coroutine
-AsyncIterable = typing.AsyncIterable
-AsyncIterator = typing.AsyncIterator
-Deque = typing.Deque
-DefaultDict = typing.DefaultDict
-OrderedDict = typing.OrderedDict
-Counter = typing.Counter
-ChainMap = typing.ChainMap
-Text = typing.Text
-TYPE_CHECKING = typing.TYPE_CHECKING
-
-
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 13, 0, "beta"):
-    from typing import AsyncContextManager, AsyncGenerator, ContextManager, Generator
-else:
-    def _is_dunder(attr):
-        return attr.startswith('__') and attr.endswith('__')
-
-    # Python <3.9 doesn't have typing._SpecialGenericAlias
-    _special_generic_alias_base = getattr(
-        typing, "_SpecialGenericAlias", typing._GenericAlias
-    )
-
-    class _SpecialGenericAlias(_special_generic_alias_base, _root=True):
-        def __init__(self, origin, nparams, *, inst=True, name=None, defaults=()):
-            if _special_generic_alias_base is typing._GenericAlias:
-                # Python <3.9
-                self.__origin__ = origin
-                self._nparams = nparams
-                super().__init__(origin, nparams, special=True, inst=inst, name=name)
-            else:
-                # Python >= 3.9
-                super().__init__(origin, nparams, inst=inst, name=name)
-            self._defaults = defaults
-
-        def __setattr__(self, attr, val):
-            allowed_attrs = {'_name', '_inst', '_nparams', '_defaults'}
-            if _special_generic_alias_base is typing._GenericAlias:
-                # Python <3.9
-                allowed_attrs.add("__origin__")
-            if _is_dunder(attr) or attr in allowed_attrs:
-                object.__setattr__(self, attr, val)
-            else:
-                setattr(self.__origin__, attr, val)
-
-        @typing._tp_cache
-        def __getitem__(self, params):
-            if not isinstance(params, tuple):
-                params = (params,)
-            msg = "Parameters to generic types must be types."
-            params = tuple(typing._type_check(p, msg) for p in params)
-            if (
-                self._defaults
-                and len(params) < self._nparams
-                and len(params) + len(self._defaults) >= self._nparams
-            ):
-                params = (*params, *self._defaults[len(params) - self._nparams:])
-            actual_len = len(params)
-
-            if actual_len != self._nparams:
-                if self._defaults:
-                    expected = f"at least {self._nparams - len(self._defaults)}"
-                else:
-                    expected = str(self._nparams)
-                if not self._nparams:
-                    raise TypeError(f"{self} is not a generic class")
-                raise TypeError(
-                    f"Too {'many' if actual_len > self._nparams else 'few'}"
-                    f" arguments for {self};"
-                    f" actual {actual_len}, expected {expected}"
-                )
-            return self.copy_with(params)
-
-    _NoneType = type(None)
-    Generator = _SpecialGenericAlias(
-        collections.abc.Generator, 3, defaults=(_NoneType, _NoneType)
-    )
-    AsyncGenerator = _SpecialGenericAlias(
-        collections.abc.AsyncGenerator, 2, defaults=(_NoneType,)
-    )
-    ContextManager = _SpecialGenericAlias(
-        contextlib.AbstractContextManager,
-        2,
-        name="ContextManager",
-        defaults=(typing.Optional[bool],)
-    )
-    AsyncContextManager = _SpecialGenericAlias(
-        contextlib.AbstractAsyncContextManager,
-        2,
-        name="AsyncContextManager",
-        defaults=(typing.Optional[bool],)
-    )
-
-
-_PROTO_ALLOWLIST = {
-    'collections.abc': [
-        'Callable', 'Awaitable', 'Iterable', 'Iterator', 'AsyncIterable',
-        'Hashable', 'Sized', 'Container', 'Collection', 'Reversible', 'Buffer',
-    ],
-    'contextlib': ['AbstractContextManager', 'AbstractAsyncContextManager'],
-    'typing_extensions': ['Buffer'],
-}
-
-
-_EXCLUDED_ATTRS = frozenset(typing.EXCLUDED_ATTRIBUTES) | {
-    "__match_args__", "__protocol_attrs__", "__non_callable_proto_members__",
-    "__final__",
-}
-
-
-def _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
-    attrs = set()
-    for base in cls.__mro__[:-1]:  # without object
-        if base.__name__ in {'Protocol', 'Generic'}:
-            continue
-        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
-        for attr in (*base.__dict__, *annotations):
-            if (not attr.startswith('_abc_') and attr not in _EXCLUDED_ATTRS):
-                attrs.add(attr)
-    return attrs
-
-
-def _caller(depth=2):
-    try:
-        return sys._getframe(depth).f_globals.get('__name__', '__main__')
-    except (AttributeError, ValueError):  # For platforms without _getframe()
-        return None
-
-
-# `__match_args__` attribute was removed from protocol members in 3.13,
-# we want to backport this change to older Python versions.
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 13):
-    Protocol = typing.Protocol
-else:
-    def _allow_reckless_class_checks(depth=3):
-        """Allow instance and class checks for special stdlib modules.
-        The abc and functools modules indiscriminately call isinstance() and
-        issubclass() on the whole MRO of a user class, which may contain protocols.
-        """
-        return _caller(depth) in {'abc', 'functools', None}
-
-    def _no_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        if type(self)._is_protocol:
-            raise TypeError('Protocols cannot be instantiated')
-
-    def _type_check_issubclass_arg_1(arg):
-        """Raise TypeError if `arg` is not an instance of `type`
-        in `issubclass(arg, <protocol>)`.
-
-        In most cases, this is verified by type.__subclasscheck__.
-        Checking it again unnecessarily would slow down issubclass() checks,
-        so, we don't perform this check unless we absolutely have to.
-
-        For various error paths, however,
-        we want to ensure that *this* error message is shown to the user
-        where relevant, rather than a typing.py-specific error message.
-        """
-        if not isinstance(arg, type):
-            # Same error message as for issubclass(1, int).
-            raise TypeError('issubclass() arg 1 must be a class')
-
-    # Inheriting from typing._ProtocolMeta isn't actually desirable,
-    # but is necessary to allow typing.Protocol and typing_extensions.Protocol
-    # to mix without getting TypeErrors about "metaclass conflict"
-    class _ProtocolMeta(type(typing.Protocol)):
-        # This metaclass is somewhat unfortunate,
-        # but is necessary for several reasons...
-        #
-        # NOTE: DO NOT call super() in any methods in this class
-        # That would call the methods on typing._ProtocolMeta on Python 3.8-3.11
-        # and those are slow
-        def __new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace, **kwargs):
-            if name == "Protocol" and len(bases) < 2:
-                pass
-            elif {Protocol, typing.Protocol} & set(bases):
-                for base in bases:
-                    if not (
-                        base in {object, typing.Generic, Protocol, typing.Protocol}
-                        or base.__name__ in _PROTO_ALLOWLIST.get(base.__module__, [])
-                        or is_protocol(base)
-                    ):
-                        raise TypeError(
-                            f"Protocols can only inherit from other protocols, "
-                            f"got {base!r}"
-                        )
-            return abc.ABCMeta.__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace, **kwargs)
-
-        def __init__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
-            abc.ABCMeta.__init__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
-            if getattr(cls, "_is_protocol", False):
-                cls.__protocol_attrs__ = _get_protocol_attrs(cls)
-
-        def __subclasscheck__(cls, other):
-            if cls is Protocol:
-                return type.__subclasscheck__(cls, other)
-            if (
-                getattr(cls, '_is_protocol', False)
-                and not _allow_reckless_class_checks()
-            ):
-                if not getattr(cls, '_is_runtime_protocol', False):
-                    _type_check_issubclass_arg_1(other)
-                    raise TypeError(
-                        "Instance and class checks can only be used with "
-                        "@runtime_checkable protocols"
-                    )
-                if (
-                    # this attribute is set by @runtime_checkable:
-                    cls.__non_callable_proto_members__
-                    and cls.__dict__.get("__subclasshook__") is _proto_hook
-                ):
-                    _type_check_issubclass_arg_1(other)
-                    non_method_attrs = sorted(cls.__non_callable_proto_members__)
-                    raise TypeError(
-                        "Protocols with non-method members don't support issubclass()."
-                        f" Non-method members: {str(non_method_attrs)[1:-1]}."
-                    )
-            return abc.ABCMeta.__subclasscheck__(cls, other)
-
-        def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
-            # We need this method for situations where attributes are
-            # assigned in __init__.
-            if cls is Protocol:
-                return type.__instancecheck__(cls, instance)
-            if not getattr(cls, "_is_protocol", False):
-                # i.e., it's a concrete subclass of a protocol
-                return abc.ABCMeta.__instancecheck__(cls, instance)
-
-            if (
-                not getattr(cls, '_is_runtime_protocol', False) and
-                not _allow_reckless_class_checks()
-            ):
-                raise TypeError("Instance and class checks can only be used with"
-                                " @runtime_checkable protocols")
-
-            if abc.ABCMeta.__instancecheck__(cls, instance):
-                return True
-
-            for attr in cls.__protocol_attrs__:
-                try:
-                    val = inspect.getattr_static(instance, attr)
-                except AttributeError:
-                    break
-                # this attribute is set by @runtime_checkable:
-                if val is None and attr not in cls.__non_callable_proto_members__:
-                    break
-            else:
-                return True
-
-            return False
-
-        def __eq__(cls, other):
-            # Hack so that typing.Generic.__class_getitem__
-            # treats typing_extensions.Protocol
-            # as equivalent to typing.Protocol
-            if abc.ABCMeta.__eq__(cls, other) is True:
-                return True
-            return cls is Protocol and other is typing.Protocol
-
-        # This has to be defined, or the abc-module cache
-        # complains about classes with this metaclass being unhashable,
-        # if we define only __eq__!
-        def __hash__(cls) -> int:
-            return type.__hash__(cls)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _proto_hook(cls, other):
-        if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', False):
-            return NotImplemented
-
-        for attr in cls.__protocol_attrs__:
-            for base in other.__mro__:
-                # Check if the members appears in the class dictionary...
-                if attr in base.__dict__:
-                    if base.__dict__[attr] is None:
-                        return NotImplemented
-                    break
-
-                # ...or in annotations, if it is a sub-protocol.
-                annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
-                if (
-                    isinstance(annotations, collections.abc.Mapping)
-                    and attr in annotations
-                    and is_protocol(other)
-                ):
-                    break
-            else:
-                return NotImplemented
-        return True
-
-    class Protocol(typing.Generic, metaclass=_ProtocolMeta):
-        __doc__ = typing.Protocol.__doc__
-        __slots__ = ()
-        _is_protocol = True
-        _is_runtime_protocol = False
-
-        def __init_subclass__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
-            super().__init_subclass__(*args, **kwargs)
-
-            # Determine if this is a protocol or a concrete subclass.
-            if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', False):
-                cls._is_protocol = any(b is Protocol for b in cls.__bases__)
-
-            # Set (or override) the protocol subclass hook.
-            if '__subclasshook__' not in cls.__dict__:
-                cls.__subclasshook__ = _proto_hook
-
-            # Prohibit instantiation for protocol classes
-            if cls._is_protocol and cls.__init__ is Protocol.__init__:
-                cls.__init__ = _no_init
-
-
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 13):
-    runtime_checkable = typing.runtime_checkable
-else:
-    def runtime_checkable(cls):
-        """Mark a protocol class as a runtime protocol.
-
-        Such protocol can be used with isinstance() and issubclass().
-        Raise TypeError if applied to a non-protocol class.
-        This allows a simple-minded structural check very similar to
-        one trick ponies in collections.abc such as Iterable.
-
-        For example::
-
-            @runtime_checkable
-            class Closable(Protocol):
-                def close(self): ...
-
-            assert isinstance(open('/some/file'), Closable)
-
-        Warning: this will check only the presence of the required methods,
-        not their type signatures!
-        """
-        if not issubclass(cls, typing.Generic) or not getattr(cls, '_is_protocol', False):
-            raise TypeError(f'@runtime_checkable can be only applied to protocol classes,'
-                            f' got {cls!r}')
-        cls._is_runtime_protocol = True
-
-        # typing.Protocol classes on <=3.11 break if we execute this block,
-        # because typing.Protocol classes on <=3.11 don't have a
-        # `__protocol_attrs__` attribute, and this block relies on the
-        # `__protocol_attrs__` attribute. Meanwhile, typing.Protocol classes on 3.12.2+
-        # break if we *don't* execute this block, because *they* assume that all
-        # protocol classes have a `__non_callable_proto_members__` attribute
-        # (which this block sets)
-        if isinstance(cls, _ProtocolMeta) or sys.version_info >= (3, 12, 2):
-            # PEP 544 prohibits using issubclass()
-            # with protocols that have non-method members.
-            # See gh-113320 for why we compute this attribute here,
-            # rather than in `_ProtocolMeta.__init__`
-            cls.__non_callable_proto_members__ = set()
-            for attr in cls.__protocol_attrs__:
-                try:
-                    is_callable = callable(getattr(cls, attr, None))
-                except Exception as e:
-                    raise TypeError(
-                        f"Failed to determine whether protocol member {attr!r} "
-                        "is a method member"
-                    ) from e
-                else:
-                    if not is_callable:
-                        cls.__non_callable_proto_members__.add(attr)
-
-        return cls
-
-
-# The "runtime" alias exists for backwards compatibility.
-runtime = runtime_checkable
-
-
-# Our version of runtime-checkable protocols is faster on Python 3.8-3.11
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
-    SupportsInt = typing.SupportsInt
-    SupportsFloat = typing.SupportsFloat
-    SupportsComplex = typing.SupportsComplex
-    SupportsBytes = typing.SupportsBytes
-    SupportsIndex = typing.SupportsIndex
-    SupportsAbs = typing.SupportsAbs
-    SupportsRound = typing.SupportsRound
-else:
-    @runtime_checkable
-    class SupportsInt(Protocol):
-        """An ABC with one abstract method __int__."""
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        @abc.abstractmethod
-        def __int__(self) -> int:
-            pass
-
-    @runtime_checkable
-    class SupportsFloat(Protocol):
-        """An ABC with one abstract method __float__."""
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        @abc.abstractmethod
-        def __float__(self) -> float:
-            pass
-
-    @runtime_checkable
-    class SupportsComplex(Protocol):
-        """An ABC with one abstract method __complex__."""
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        @abc.abstractmethod
-        def __complex__(self) -> complex:
-            pass
-
-    @runtime_checkable
-    class SupportsBytes(Protocol):
-        """An ABC with one abstract method __bytes__."""
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        @abc.abstractmethod
-        def __bytes__(self) -> bytes:
-            pass
-
-    @runtime_checkable
-    class SupportsIndex(Protocol):
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        @abc.abstractmethod
-        def __index__(self) -> int:
-            pass
-
-    @runtime_checkable
-    class SupportsAbs(Protocol[T_co]):
-        """
-        An ABC with one abstract method __abs__ that is covariant in its return type.
-        """
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        @abc.abstractmethod
-        def __abs__(self) -> T_co:
-            pass
-
-    @runtime_checkable
-    class SupportsRound(Protocol[T_co]):
-        """
-        An ABC with one abstract method __round__ that is covariant in its return type.
-        """
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        @abc.abstractmethod
-        def __round__(self, ndigits: int = 0) -> T_co:
-            pass
-
-
-def _ensure_subclassable(mro_entries):
-    def inner(func):
-        if sys.implementation.name == "pypy" and sys.version_info < (3, 9):
-            cls_dict = {
-                "__call__": staticmethod(func),
-                "__mro_entries__": staticmethod(mro_entries)
-            }
-            t = type(func.__name__, (), cls_dict)
-            return functools.update_wrapper(t(), func)
-        else:
-            func.__mro_entries__ = mro_entries
-            return func
-    return inner
-
-
-# Update this to something like >=3.13.0b1 if and when
-# PEP 728 is implemented in CPython
-_PEP_728_IMPLEMENTED = False
-
-if _PEP_728_IMPLEMENTED:
-    # The standard library TypedDict in Python 3.8 does not store runtime information
-    # about which (if any) keys are optional.  See https://bugs.python.org/issue38834
-    # The standard library TypedDict in Python 3.9.0/1 does not honour the "total"
-    # keyword with old-style TypedDict().  See https://bugs.python.org/issue42059
-    # The standard library TypedDict below Python 3.11 does not store runtime
-    # information about optional and required keys when using Required or NotRequired.
-    # Generic TypedDicts are also impossible using typing.TypedDict on Python <3.11.
-    # Aaaand on 3.12 we add __orig_bases__ to TypedDict
-    # to enable better runtime introspection.
-    # On 3.13 we deprecate some odd ways of creating TypedDicts.
-    # Also on 3.13, PEP 705 adds the ReadOnly[] qualifier.
-    # PEP 728 (still pending) makes more changes.
-    TypedDict = typing.TypedDict
-    _TypedDictMeta = typing._TypedDictMeta
-    is_typeddict = typing.is_typeddict
-else:
-    # 3.10.0 and later
-    _TAKES_MODULE = "module" in inspect.signature(typing._type_check).parameters
-
-    def _get_typeddict_qualifiers(annotation_type):
-        while True:
-            annotation_origin = get_origin(annotation_type)
-            if annotation_origin is Annotated:
-                annotation_args = get_args(annotation_type)
-                if annotation_args:
-                    annotation_type = annotation_args[0]
-                else:
-                    break
-            elif annotation_origin is Required:
-                yield Required
-                annotation_type, = get_args(annotation_type)
-            elif annotation_origin is NotRequired:
-                yield NotRequired
-                annotation_type, = get_args(annotation_type)
-            elif annotation_origin is ReadOnly:
-                yield ReadOnly
-                annotation_type, = get_args(annotation_type)
-            else:
-                break
-
-    class _TypedDictMeta(type):
-        def __new__(cls, name, bases, ns, *, total=True, closed=False):
-            """Create new typed dict class object.
-
-            This method is called when TypedDict is subclassed,
-            or when TypedDict is instantiated. This way
-            TypedDict supports all three syntax forms described in its docstring.
-            Subclasses and instances of TypedDict return actual dictionaries.
-            """
-            for base in bases:
-                if type(base) is not _TypedDictMeta and base is not typing.Generic:
-                    raise TypeError('cannot inherit from both a TypedDict type '
-                                    'and a non-TypedDict base class')
-
-            if any(issubclass(b, typing.Generic) for b in bases):
-                generic_base = (typing.Generic,)
-            else:
-                generic_base = ()
-
-            # typing.py generally doesn't let you inherit from plain Generic, unless
-            # the name of the class happens to be "Protocol"
-            tp_dict = type.__new__(_TypedDictMeta, "Protocol", (*generic_base, dict), ns)
-            tp_dict.__name__ = name
-            if tp_dict.__qualname__ == "Protocol":
-                tp_dict.__qualname__ = name
-
-            if not hasattr(tp_dict, '__orig_bases__'):
-                tp_dict.__orig_bases__ = bases
-
-            annotations = {}
-            if "__annotations__" in ns:
-                own_annotations = ns["__annotations__"]
-            elif "__annotate__" in ns:
-                # TODO: Use inspect.VALUE here, and make the annotations lazily evaluated
-                own_annotations = ns["__annotate__"](1)
-            else:
-                own_annotations = {}
-            msg = "TypedDict('Name', {f0: t0, f1: t1, ...}); each t must be a type"
-            if _TAKES_MODULE:
-                own_annotations = {
-                    n: typing._type_check(tp, msg, module=tp_dict.__module__)
-                    for n, tp in own_annotations.items()
-                }
-            else:
-                own_annotations = {
-                    n: typing._type_check(tp, msg)
-                    for n, tp in own_annotations.items()
-                }
-            required_keys = set()
-            optional_keys = set()
-            readonly_keys = set()
-            mutable_keys = set()
-            extra_items_type = None
-
-            for base in bases:
-                base_dict = base.__dict__
-
-                annotations.update(base_dict.get('__annotations__', {}))
-                required_keys.update(base_dict.get('__required_keys__', ()))
-                optional_keys.update(base_dict.get('__optional_keys__', ()))
-                readonly_keys.update(base_dict.get('__readonly_keys__', ()))
-                mutable_keys.update(base_dict.get('__mutable_keys__', ()))
-                base_extra_items_type = base_dict.get('__extra_items__', None)
-                if base_extra_items_type is not None:
-                    extra_items_type = base_extra_items_type
-
-            if closed and extra_items_type is None:
-                extra_items_type = Never
-            if closed and "__extra_items__" in own_annotations:
-                annotation_type = own_annotations.pop("__extra_items__")
-                qualifiers = set(_get_typeddict_qualifiers(annotation_type))
-                if Required in qualifiers:
-                    raise TypeError(
-                        "Special key __extra_items__ does not support "
-                        "Required"
-                    )
-                if NotRequired in qualifiers:
-                    raise TypeError(
-                        "Special key __extra_items__ does not support "
-                        "NotRequired"
-                    )
-                extra_items_type = annotation_type
-
-            annotations.update(own_annotations)
-            for annotation_key, annotation_type in own_annotations.items():
-                qualifiers = set(_get_typeddict_qualifiers(annotation_type))
-
-                if Required in qualifiers:
-                    required_keys.add(annotation_key)
-                elif NotRequired in qualifiers:
-                    optional_keys.add(annotation_key)
-                elif total:
-                    required_keys.add(annotation_key)
-                else:
-                    optional_keys.add(annotation_key)
-                if ReadOnly in qualifiers:
-                    mutable_keys.discard(annotation_key)
-                    readonly_keys.add(annotation_key)
-                else:
-                    mutable_keys.add(annotation_key)
-                    readonly_keys.discard(annotation_key)
-
-            tp_dict.__annotations__ = annotations
-            tp_dict.__required_keys__ = frozenset(required_keys)
-            tp_dict.__optional_keys__ = frozenset(optional_keys)
-            tp_dict.__readonly_keys__ = frozenset(readonly_keys)
-            tp_dict.__mutable_keys__ = frozenset(mutable_keys)
-            if not hasattr(tp_dict, '__total__'):
-                tp_dict.__total__ = total
-            tp_dict.__closed__ = closed
-            tp_dict.__extra_items__ = extra_items_type
-            return tp_dict
-
-        __call__ = dict  # static method
-
-        def __subclasscheck__(cls, other):
-            # Typed dicts are only for static structural subtyping.
-            raise TypeError('TypedDict does not support instance and class checks')
-
-        __instancecheck__ = __subclasscheck__
-
-    _TypedDict = type.__new__(_TypedDictMeta, 'TypedDict', (), {})
-
-    @_ensure_subclassable(lambda bases: (_TypedDict,))
-    def TypedDict(typename, fields=_marker, /, *, total=True, closed=False, **kwargs):
-        """A simple typed namespace. At runtime it is equivalent to a plain dict.
-
-        TypedDict creates a dictionary type such that a type checker will expect all
-        instances to have a certain set of keys, where each key is
-        associated with a value of a consistent type. This expectation
-        is not checked at runtime.
-
-        Usage::
-
-            class Point2D(TypedDict):
-                x: int
-                y: int
-                label: str
-
-            a: Point2D = {'x': 1, 'y': 2, 'label': 'good'}  # OK
-            b: Point2D = {'z': 3, 'label': 'bad'}           # Fails type check
-
-            assert Point2D(x=1, y=2, label='first') == dict(x=1, y=2, label='first')
-
-        The type info can be accessed via the Point2D.__annotations__ dict, and
-        the Point2D.__required_keys__ and Point2D.__optional_keys__ frozensets.
-        TypedDict supports an additional equivalent form::
-
-            Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', {'x': int, 'y': int, 'label': str})
-
-        By default, all keys must be present in a TypedDict. It is possible
-        to override this by specifying totality::
-
-            class Point2D(TypedDict, total=False):
-                x: int
-                y: int
-
-        This means that a Point2D TypedDict can have any of the keys omitted. A type
-        checker is only expected to support a literal False or True as the value of
-        the total argument. True is the default, and makes all items defined in the
-        class body be required.
-
-        The Required and NotRequired special forms can also be used to mark
-        individual keys as being required or not required::
-
-            class Point2D(TypedDict):
-                x: int  # the "x" key must always be present (Required is the default)
-                y: NotRequired[int]  # the "y" key can be omitted
-
-        See PEP 655 for more details on Required and NotRequired.
-        """
-        if fields is _marker or fields is None:
-            if fields is _marker:
-                deprecated_thing = "Failing to pass a value for the 'fields' parameter"
-            else:
-                deprecated_thing = "Passing `None` as the 'fields' parameter"
-
-            example = f"`{typename} = TypedDict({typename!r}, {{}})`"
-            deprecation_msg = (
-                f"{deprecated_thing} is deprecated and will be disallowed in "
-                "Python 3.15. To create a TypedDict class with 0 fields "
-                "using the functional syntax, pass an empty dictionary, e.g. "
-            ) + example + "."
-            warnings.warn(deprecation_msg, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
-            if closed is not False and closed is not True:
-                kwargs["closed"] = closed
-                closed = False
-            fields = kwargs
-        elif kwargs:
-            raise TypeError("TypedDict takes either a dict or keyword arguments,"
-                            " but not both")
-        if kwargs:
-            if sys.version_info >= (3, 13):
-                raise TypeError("TypedDict takes no keyword arguments")
-            warnings.warn(
-                "The kwargs-based syntax for TypedDict definitions is deprecated "
-                "in Python 3.11, will be removed in Python 3.13, and may not be "
-                "understood by third-party type checkers.",
-                DeprecationWarning,
-                stacklevel=2,
-            )
-
-        ns = {'__annotations__': dict(fields)}
-        module = _caller()
-        if module is not None:
-            # Setting correct module is necessary to make typed dict classes pickleable.
-            ns['__module__'] = module
-
-        td = _TypedDictMeta(typename, (), ns, total=total, closed=closed)
-        td.__orig_bases__ = (TypedDict,)
-        return td
-
-    if hasattr(typing, "_TypedDictMeta"):
-        _TYPEDDICT_TYPES = (typing._TypedDictMeta, _TypedDictMeta)
-    else:
-        _TYPEDDICT_TYPES = (_TypedDictMeta,)
-
-    def is_typeddict(tp):
-        """Check if an annotation is a TypedDict class
-
-        For example::
-            class Film(TypedDict):
-                title: str
-                year: int
-
-            is_typeddict(Film)  # => True
-            is_typeddict(Union[list, str])  # => False
-        """
-        # On 3.8, this would otherwise return True
-        if hasattr(typing, "TypedDict") and tp is typing.TypedDict:
-            return False
-        return isinstance(tp, _TYPEDDICT_TYPES)
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "assert_type"):
-    assert_type = typing.assert_type
-
-else:
-    def assert_type(val, typ, /):
-        """Assert (to the type checker) that the value is of the given type.
-
-        When the type checker encounters a call to assert_type(), it
-        emits an error if the value is not of the specified type::
-
-            def greet(name: str) -> None:
-                assert_type(name, str)  # ok
-                assert_type(name, int)  # type checker error
-
-        At runtime this returns the first argument unchanged and otherwise
-        does nothing.
-        """
-        return val
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "ReadOnly"):  # 3.13+
-    get_type_hints = typing.get_type_hints
-else:  # <=3.13
-    # replaces _strip_annotations()
-    def _strip_extras(t):
-        """Strips Annotated, Required and NotRequired from a given type."""
-        if isinstance(t, _AnnotatedAlias):
-            return _strip_extras(t.__origin__)
-        if hasattr(t, "__origin__") and t.__origin__ in (Required, NotRequired, ReadOnly):
-            return _strip_extras(t.__args__[0])
-        if isinstance(t, typing._GenericAlias):
-            stripped_args = tuple(_strip_extras(a) for a in t.__args__)
-            if stripped_args == t.__args__:
-                return t
-            return t.copy_with(stripped_args)
-        if hasattr(_types, "GenericAlias") and isinstance(t, _types.GenericAlias):
-            stripped_args = tuple(_strip_extras(a) for a in t.__args__)
-            if stripped_args == t.__args__:
-                return t
-            return _types.GenericAlias(t.__origin__, stripped_args)
-        if hasattr(_types, "UnionType") and isinstance(t, _types.UnionType):
-            stripped_args = tuple(_strip_extras(a) for a in t.__args__)
-            if stripped_args == t.__args__:
-                return t
-            return functools.reduce(operator.or_, stripped_args)
-
-        return t
-
-    def get_type_hints(obj, globalns=None, localns=None, include_extras=False):
-        """Return type hints for an object.
-
-        This is often the same as obj.__annotations__, but it handles
-        forward references encoded as string literals, adds Optional[t] if a
-        default value equal to None is set and recursively replaces all
-        'Annotated[T, ...]', 'Required[T]' or 'NotRequired[T]' with 'T'
-        (unless 'include_extras=True').
-
-        The argument may be a module, class, method, or function. The annotations
-        are returned as a dictionary. For classes, annotations include also
-        inherited members.
-
-        TypeError is raised if the argument is not of a type that can contain
-        annotations, and an empty dictionary is returned if no annotations are
-        present.
-
-        BEWARE -- the behavior of globalns and localns is counterintuitive
-        (unless you are familiar with how eval() and exec() work).  The
-        search order is locals first, then globals.
-
-        - If no dict arguments are passed, an attempt is made to use the
-          globals from obj (or the respective module's globals for classes),
-          and these are also used as the locals.  If the object does not appear
-          to have globals, an empty dictionary is used.
-
-        - If one dict argument is passed, it is used for both globals and
-          locals.
-
-        - If two dict arguments are passed, they specify globals and
-          locals, respectively.
-        """
-        if hasattr(typing, "Annotated"):  # 3.9+
-            hint = typing.get_type_hints(
-                obj, globalns=globalns, localns=localns, include_extras=True
-            )
-        else:  # 3.8
-            hint = typing.get_type_hints(obj, globalns=globalns, localns=localns)
-        if include_extras:
-            return hint
-        return {k: _strip_extras(t) for k, t in hint.items()}
-
-
-# Python 3.9+ has PEP 593 (Annotated)
-if hasattr(typing, 'Annotated'):
-    Annotated = typing.Annotated
-    # Not exported and not a public API, but needed for get_origin() and get_args()
-    # to work.
-    _AnnotatedAlias = typing._AnnotatedAlias
-# 3.8
-else:
-    class _AnnotatedAlias(typing._GenericAlias, _root=True):
-        """Runtime representation of an annotated type.
-
-        At its core 'Annotated[t, dec1, dec2, ...]' is an alias for the type 't'
-        with extra annotations. The alias behaves like a normal typing alias,
-        instantiating is the same as instantiating the underlying type, binding
-        it to types is also the same.
-        """
-        def __init__(self, origin, metadata):
-            if isinstance(origin, _AnnotatedAlias):
-                metadata = origin.__metadata__ + metadata
-                origin = origin.__origin__
-            super().__init__(origin, origin)
-            self.__metadata__ = metadata
-
-        def copy_with(self, params):
-            assert len(params) == 1
-            new_type = params[0]
-            return _AnnotatedAlias(new_type, self.__metadata__)
-
-        def __repr__(self):
-            return (f"typing_extensions.Annotated[{typing._type_repr(self.__origin__)}, "
-                    f"{', '.join(repr(a) for a in self.__metadata__)}]")
-
-        def __reduce__(self):
-            return operator.getitem, (
-                Annotated, (self.__origin__, *self.__metadata__)
-            )
-
-        def __eq__(self, other):
-            if not isinstance(other, _AnnotatedAlias):
-                return NotImplemented
-            if self.__origin__ != other.__origin__:
-                return False
-            return self.__metadata__ == other.__metadata__
-
-        def __hash__(self):
-            return hash((self.__origin__, self.__metadata__))
-
-    class Annotated:
-        """Add context specific metadata to a type.
-
-        Example: Annotated[int, runtime_check.Unsigned] indicates to the
-        hypothetical runtime_check module that this type is an unsigned int.
-        Every other consumer of this type can ignore this metadata and treat
-        this type as int.
-
-        The first argument to Annotated must be a valid type (and will be in
-        the __origin__ field), the remaining arguments are kept as a tuple in
-        the __extra__ field.
-
-        Details:
-
-        - It's an error to call `Annotated` with less than two arguments.
-        - Nested Annotated are flattened::
-
-            Annotated[Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2], Ann3] == Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2, Ann3]
-
-        - Instantiating an annotated type is equivalent to instantiating the
-        underlying type::
-
-            Annotated[C, Ann1](5) == C(5)
-
-        - Annotated can be used as a generic type alias::
-
-            Optimized = Annotated[T, runtime.Optimize()]
-            Optimized[int] == Annotated[int, runtime.Optimize()]
-
-            OptimizedList = Annotated[List[T], runtime.Optimize()]
-            OptimizedList[int] == Annotated[List[int], runtime.Optimize()]
-        """
-
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
-            raise TypeError("Type Annotated cannot be instantiated.")
-
-        @typing._tp_cache
-        def __class_getitem__(cls, params):
-            if not isinstance(params, tuple) or len(params) < 2:
-                raise TypeError("Annotated[...] should be used "
-                                "with at least two arguments (a type and an "
-                                "annotation).")
-            allowed_special_forms = (ClassVar, Final)
-            if get_origin(params[0]) in allowed_special_forms:
-                origin = params[0]
-            else:
-                msg = "Annotated[t, ...]: t must be a type."
-                origin = typing._type_check(params[0], msg)
-            metadata = tuple(params[1:])
-            return _AnnotatedAlias(origin, metadata)
-
-        def __init_subclass__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
-            raise TypeError(
-                f"Cannot subclass {cls.__module__}.Annotated"
-            )
-
-# Python 3.8 has get_origin() and get_args() but those implementations aren't
-# Annotated-aware, so we can't use those. Python 3.9's versions don't support
-# ParamSpecArgs and ParamSpecKwargs, so only Python 3.10's versions will do.
-if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
-    get_origin = typing.get_origin
-    get_args = typing.get_args
-# 3.8-3.9
-else:
-    try:
-        # 3.9+
-        from typing import _BaseGenericAlias
-    except ImportError:
-        _BaseGenericAlias = typing._GenericAlias
-    try:
-        # 3.9+
-        from typing import GenericAlias as _typing_GenericAlias
-    except ImportError:
-        _typing_GenericAlias = typing._GenericAlias
-
-    def get_origin(tp):
-        """Get the unsubscripted version of a type.
-
-        This supports generic types, Callable, Tuple, Union, Literal, Final, ClassVar
-        and Annotated. Return None for unsupported types. Examples::
-
-            get_origin(Literal[42]) is Literal
-            get_origin(int) is None
-            get_origin(ClassVar[int]) is ClassVar
-            get_origin(Generic) is Generic
-            get_origin(Generic[T]) is Generic
-            get_origin(Union[T, int]) is Union
-            get_origin(List[Tuple[T, T]][int]) == list
-            get_origin(P.args) is P
-        """
-        if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
-            return Annotated
-        if isinstance(tp, (typing._GenericAlias, _typing_GenericAlias, _BaseGenericAlias,
-                           ParamSpecArgs, ParamSpecKwargs)):
-            return tp.__origin__
-        if tp is typing.Generic:
-            return typing.Generic
-        return None
-
-    def get_args(tp):
-        """Get type arguments with all substitutions performed.
-
-        For unions, basic simplifications used by Union constructor are performed.
-        Examples::
-            get_args(Dict[str, int]) == (str, int)
-            get_args(int) == ()
-            get_args(Union[int, Union[T, int], str][int]) == (int, str)
-            get_args(Union[int, Tuple[T, int]][str]) == (int, Tuple[str, int])
-            get_args(Callable[[], T][int]) == ([], int)
-        """
-        if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
-            return (tp.__origin__, *tp.__metadata__)
-        if isinstance(tp, (typing._GenericAlias, _typing_GenericAlias)):
-            if getattr(tp, "_special", False):
-                return ()
-            res = tp.__args__
-            if get_origin(tp) is collections.abc.Callable and res[0] is not Ellipsis:
-                res = (list(res[:-1]), res[-1])
-            return res
-        return ()
-
-
-# 3.10+
-if hasattr(typing, 'TypeAlias'):
-    TypeAlias = typing.TypeAlias
-# 3.9
-elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
-    @_ExtensionsSpecialForm
-    def TypeAlias(self, parameters):
-        """Special marker indicating that an assignment should
-        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
-        checkers.
-
-        For example::
-
-            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
-
-        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example above.
-        """
-        raise TypeError(f"{self} is not subscriptable")
-# 3.8
-else:
-    TypeAlias = _ExtensionsSpecialForm(
-        'TypeAlias',
-        doc="""Special marker indicating that an assignment should
-        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
-        checkers.
-
-        For example::
-
-            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
-
-        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example
-        above."""
-    )
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "NoDefault"):
-    NoDefault = typing.NoDefault
-else:
-    class NoDefaultTypeMeta(type):
-        def __setattr__(cls, attr, value):
-            # TypeError is consistent with the behavior of NoneType
-            raise TypeError(
-                f"cannot set {attr!r} attribute of immutable type {cls.__name__!r}"
-            )
-
-    class NoDefaultType(metaclass=NoDefaultTypeMeta):
-        """The type of the NoDefault singleton."""
-
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        def __new__(cls):
-            return globals().get("NoDefault") or object.__new__(cls)
-
-        def __repr__(self):
-            return "typing_extensions.NoDefault"
-
-        def __reduce__(self):
-            return "NoDefault"
-
-    NoDefault = NoDefaultType()
-    del NoDefaultType, NoDefaultTypeMeta
-
-
-def _set_default(type_param, default):
-    type_param.has_default = lambda: default is not NoDefault
-    type_param.__default__ = default
-
-
-def _set_module(typevarlike):
-    # for pickling:
-    def_mod = _caller(depth=3)
-    if def_mod != 'typing_extensions':
-        typevarlike.__module__ = def_mod
-
-
-class _DefaultMixin:
-    """Mixin for TypeVarLike defaults."""
-
-    __slots__ = ()
-    __init__ = _set_default
-
-
-# Classes using this metaclass must provide a _backported_typevarlike ClassVar
-class _TypeVarLikeMeta(type):
-    def __instancecheck__(cls, __instance: Any) -> bool:
-        return isinstance(__instance, cls._backported_typevarlike)
-
-
-if _PEP_696_IMPLEMENTED:
-    from typing import TypeVar
-else:
-    # Add default and infer_variance parameters from PEP 696 and 695
-    class TypeVar(metaclass=_TypeVarLikeMeta):
-        """Type variable."""
-
-        _backported_typevarlike = typing.TypeVar
-
-        def __new__(cls, name, *constraints, bound=None,
-                    covariant=False, contravariant=False,
-                    default=NoDefault, infer_variance=False):
-            if hasattr(typing, "TypeAliasType"):
-                # PEP 695 implemented (3.12+), can pass infer_variance to typing.TypeVar
-                typevar = typing.TypeVar(name, *constraints, bound=bound,
-                                         covariant=covariant, contravariant=contravariant,
-                                         infer_variance=infer_variance)
-            else:
-                typevar = typing.TypeVar(name, *constraints, bound=bound,
-                                         covariant=covariant, contravariant=contravariant)
-                if infer_variance and (covariant or contravariant):
-                    raise ValueError("Variance cannot be specified with infer_variance.")
-                typevar.__infer_variance__ = infer_variance
-
-            _set_default(typevar, default)
-            _set_module(typevar)
-
-            def _tvar_prepare_subst(alias, args):
-                if (
-                    typevar.has_default()
-                    and alias.__parameters__.index(typevar) == len(args)
-                ):
-                    args += (typevar.__default__,)
-                return args
-
-            typevar.__typing_prepare_subst__ = _tvar_prepare_subst
-            return typevar
-
-        def __init_subclass__(cls) -> None:
-            raise TypeError(f"type '{__name__}.TypeVar' is not an acceptable base type")
-
-
-# Python 3.10+ has PEP 612
-if hasattr(typing, 'ParamSpecArgs'):
-    ParamSpecArgs = typing.ParamSpecArgs
-    ParamSpecKwargs = typing.ParamSpecKwargs
-# 3.8-3.9
-else:
-    class _Immutable:
-        """Mixin to indicate that object should not be copied."""
-        __slots__ = ()
-
-        def __copy__(self):
-            return self
-
-        def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
-            return self
-
-    class ParamSpecArgs(_Immutable):
-        """The args for a ParamSpec object.
-
-        Given a ParamSpec object P, P.args is an instance of ParamSpecArgs.
-
-        ParamSpecArgs objects have a reference back to their ParamSpec:
-
-        P.args.__origin__ is P
-
-        This type is meant for runtime introspection and has no special meaning to
-        static type checkers.
-        """
-        def __init__(self, origin):
-            self.__origin__ = origin
-
-        def __repr__(self):
-            return f"{self.__origin__.__name__}.args"
-
-        def __eq__(self, other):
-            if not isinstance(other, ParamSpecArgs):
-                return NotImplemented
-            return self.__origin__ == other.__origin__
-
-    class ParamSpecKwargs(_Immutable):
-        """The kwargs for a ParamSpec object.
-
-        Given a ParamSpec object P, P.kwargs is an instance of ParamSpecKwargs.
-
-        ParamSpecKwargs objects have a reference back to their ParamSpec:
-
-        P.kwargs.__origin__ is P
-
-        This type is meant for runtime introspection and has no special meaning to
-        static type checkers.
-        """
-        def __init__(self, origin):
-            self.__origin__ = origin
-
-        def __repr__(self):
-            return f"{self.__origin__.__name__}.kwargs"
-
-        def __eq__(self, other):
-            if not isinstance(other, ParamSpecKwargs):
-                return NotImplemented
-            return self.__origin__ == other.__origin__
-
-
-if _PEP_696_IMPLEMENTED:
-    from typing import ParamSpec
-
-# 3.10+
-elif hasattr(typing, 'ParamSpec'):
-
-    # Add default parameter - PEP 696
-    class ParamSpec(metaclass=_TypeVarLikeMeta):
-        """Parameter specification."""
-
-        _backported_typevarlike = typing.ParamSpec
-
-        def __new__(cls, name, *, bound=None,
-                    covariant=False, contravariant=False,
-                    infer_variance=False, default=NoDefault):
-            if hasattr(typing, "TypeAliasType"):
-                # PEP 695 implemented, can pass infer_variance to typing.TypeVar
-                paramspec = typing.ParamSpec(name, bound=bound,
-                                             covariant=covariant,
-                                             contravariant=contravariant,
-                                             infer_variance=infer_variance)
-            else:
-                paramspec = typing.ParamSpec(name, bound=bound,
-                                             covariant=covariant,
-                                             contravariant=contravariant)
-                paramspec.__infer_variance__ = infer_variance
-
-            _set_default(paramspec, default)
-            _set_module(paramspec)
-
-            def _paramspec_prepare_subst(alias, args):
-                params = alias.__parameters__
-                i = params.index(paramspec)
-                if i == len(args) and paramspec.has_default():
-                    args = [*args, paramspec.__default__]
-                if i >= len(args):
-                    raise TypeError(f"Too few arguments for {alias}")
-                # Special case where Z[[int, str, bool]] == Z[int, str, bool] in PEP 612.
-                if len(params) == 1 and not typing._is_param_expr(args[0]):
-                    assert i == 0
-                    args = (args,)
-                # Convert lists to tuples to help other libraries cache the results.
-                elif isinstance(args[i], list):
-                    args = (*args[:i], tuple(args[i]), *args[i + 1:])
-                return args
-
-            paramspec.__typing_prepare_subst__ = _paramspec_prepare_subst
-            return paramspec
-
-        def __init_subclass__(cls) -> None:
-            raise TypeError(f"type '{__name__}.ParamSpec' is not an acceptable base type")
-
-# 3.8-3.9
-else:
-
-    # Inherits from list as a workaround for Callable checks in Python < 3.9.2.
-    class ParamSpec(list, _DefaultMixin):
-        """Parameter specification variable.
-
-        Usage::
-
-           P = ParamSpec('P')
-
-        Parameter specification variables exist primarily for the benefit of static
-        type checkers.  They are used to forward the parameter types of one
-        callable to another callable, a pattern commonly found in higher order
-        functions and decorators.  They are only valid when used in ``Concatenate``,
-        or s the first argument to ``Callable``. In Python 3.10 and higher,
-        they are also supported in user-defined Generics at runtime.
-        See class Generic for more information on generic types.  An
-        example for annotating a decorator::
-
-           T = TypeVar('T')
-           P = ParamSpec('P')
-
-           def add_logging(f: Callable[P, T]) -> Callable[P, T]:
-               '''A type-safe decorator to add logging to a function.'''
-               def inner(*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> T:
-                   logging.info(f'{f.__name__} was called')
-                   return f(*args, **kwargs)
-               return inner
-
-           @add_logging
-           def add_two(x: float, y: float) -> float:
-               '''Add two numbers together.'''
-               return x + y
-
-        Parameter specification variables defined with covariant=True or
-        contravariant=True can be used to declare covariant or contravariant
-        generic types.  These keyword arguments are valid, but their actual semantics
-        are yet to be decided.  See PEP 612 for details.
-
-        Parameter specification variables can be introspected. e.g.:
-
-           P.__name__ == 'T'
-           P.__bound__ == None
-           P.__covariant__ == False
-           P.__contravariant__ == False
-
-        Note that only parameter specification variables defined in global scope can
-        be pickled.
-        """
-
-        # Trick Generic __parameters__.
-        __class__ = typing.TypeVar
-
-        @property
-        def args(self):
-            return ParamSpecArgs(self)
-
-        @property
-        def kwargs(self):
-            return ParamSpecKwargs(self)
-
-        def __init__(self, name, *, bound=None, covariant=False, contravariant=False,
-                     infer_variance=False, default=NoDefault):
-            list.__init__(self, [self])
-            self.__name__ = name
-            self.__covariant__ = bool(covariant)
-            self.__contravariant__ = bool(contravariant)
-            self.__infer_variance__ = bool(infer_variance)
-            if bound:
-                self.__bound__ = typing._type_check(bound, 'Bound must be a type.')
-            else:
-                self.__bound__ = None
-            _DefaultMixin.__init__(self, default)
-
-            # for pickling:
-            def_mod = _caller()
-            if def_mod != 'typing_extensions':
-                self.__module__ = def_mod
-
-        def __repr__(self):
-            if self.__infer_variance__:
-                prefix = ''
-            elif self.__covariant__:
-                prefix = '+'
-            elif self.__contravariant__:
-                prefix = '-'
-            else:
-                prefix = '~'
-            return prefix + self.__name__
-
-        def __hash__(self):
-            return object.__hash__(self)
-
-        def __eq__(self, other):
-            return self is other
-
-        def __reduce__(self):
-            return self.__name__
-
-        # Hack to get typing._type_check to pass.
-        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-            pass
-
-
-# 3.8-3.9
-if not hasattr(typing, 'Concatenate'):
-    # Inherits from list as a workaround for Callable checks in Python < 3.9.2.
-    class _ConcatenateGenericAlias(list):
-
-        # Trick Generic into looking into this for __parameters__.
-        __class__ = typing._GenericAlias
-
-        # Flag in 3.8.
-        _special = False
-
-        def __init__(self, origin, args):
-            super().__init__(args)
-            self.__origin__ = origin
-            self.__args__ = args
-
-        def __repr__(self):
-            _type_repr = typing._type_repr
-            return (f'{_type_repr(self.__origin__)}'
-                    f'[{", ".join(_type_repr(arg) for arg in self.__args__)}]')
-
-        def __hash__(self):
-            return hash((self.__origin__, self.__args__))
-
-        # Hack to get typing._type_check to pass in Generic.
-        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-            pass
-
-        @property
-        def __parameters__(self):
-            return tuple(
-                tp for tp in self.__args__ if isinstance(tp, (typing.TypeVar, ParamSpec))
-            )
-
-
-# 3.8-3.9
-@typing._tp_cache
-def _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters):
-    if parameters == ():
-        raise TypeError("Cannot take a Concatenate of no types.")
-    if not isinstance(parameters, tuple):
-        parameters = (parameters,)
-    if not isinstance(parameters[-1], ParamSpec):
-        raise TypeError("The last parameter to Concatenate should be a "
-                        "ParamSpec variable.")
-    msg = "Concatenate[arg, ...]: each arg must be a type."
-    parameters = tuple(typing._type_check(p, msg) for p in parameters)
-    return _ConcatenateGenericAlias(self, parameters)
-
-
-# 3.10+
-if hasattr(typing, 'Concatenate'):
-    Concatenate = typing.Concatenate
-    _ConcatenateGenericAlias = typing._ConcatenateGenericAlias
-# 3.9
-elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
-    @_ExtensionsSpecialForm
-    def Concatenate(self, parameters):
-        """Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
-        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
-        callable.
-
-        For example::
-
-           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
-
-        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
-        """
-        return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
-# 3.8
-else:
-    class _ConcatenateForm(_ExtensionsSpecialForm, _root=True):
-        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
-            return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
-
-    Concatenate = _ConcatenateForm(
-        'Concatenate',
-        doc="""Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
-        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
-        callable.
-
-        For example::
-
-           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
-
-        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
-        """)
-
-# 3.10+
-if hasattr(typing, 'TypeGuard'):
-    TypeGuard = typing.TypeGuard
-# 3.9
-elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
-    @_ExtensionsSpecialForm
-    def TypeGuard(self, parameters):
-        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
-        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
-        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
-
-        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
-        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
-        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
-        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
-        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
-
-        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
-        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
-        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
-
-        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
-        function:
-
-        1. The return value is a boolean.
-        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
-        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
-
-        For example::
-
-            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
-                # "isinstance" type guard
-                if isinstance(val, str):
-                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
-                    ...
-                else:
-                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
-                    ...
-
-        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
-        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
-        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
-        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
-        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
-        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
-
-        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
-        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
-        """
-        item = typing._type_check(parameters, f'{self} accepts only a single type.')
-        return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
-# 3.8
-else:
-    class _TypeGuardForm(_ExtensionsSpecialForm, _root=True):
-        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
-            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
-                                      f'{self._name} accepts only a single type')
-            return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
-
-    TypeGuard = _TypeGuardForm(
-        'TypeGuard',
-        doc="""Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
-        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
-        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
-
-        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
-        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
-        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
-        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
-        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
-
-        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
-        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
-        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
-
-        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
-        function:
-
-        1. The return value is a boolean.
-        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
-        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
-
-        For example::
-
-            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
-                # "isinstance" type guard
-                if isinstance(val, str):
-                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
-                    ...
-                else:
-                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
-                    ...
-
-        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
-        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
-        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
-        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
-        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
-        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
-
-        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
-        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
-        """)
-
-# 3.13+
-if hasattr(typing, 'TypeIs'):
-    TypeIs = typing.TypeIs
-# 3.9
-elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
-    @_ExtensionsSpecialForm
-    def TypeIs(self, parameters):
-        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
-        type narrower function.  ``TypeIs`` only accepts a single type argument.
-        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
-
-        ``TypeIs`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
-        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
-        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
-        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
-        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
-
-        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
-        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeIs[...]`` as its
-        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
-
-        Using  ``-> TypeIs`` tells the static type checker that for a given
-        function:
-
-        1. The return value is a boolean.
-        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
-        is the intersection of the type inside ``TypeGuard`` and the argument's
-        previously known type.
-
-        For example::
-
-            def is_awaitable(val: object) -> TypeIs[Awaitable[Any]]:
-                return hasattr(val, '__await__')
-
-            def f(val: Union[int, Awaitable[int]]) -> int:
-                if is_awaitable(val):
-                    assert_type(val, Awaitable[int])
-                else:
-                    assert_type(val, int)
-
-        ``TypeIs`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
-        PEP 742 (Narrowing types with TypeIs).
-        """
-        item = typing._type_check(parameters, f'{self} accepts only a single type.')
-        return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
-# 3.8
-else:
-    class _TypeIsForm(_ExtensionsSpecialForm, _root=True):
-        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
-            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
-                                      f'{self._name} accepts only a single type')
-            return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
-
-    TypeIs = _TypeIsForm(
-        'TypeIs',
-        doc="""Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
-        type narrower function.  ``TypeIs`` only accepts a single type argument.
-        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
-
-        ``TypeIs`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
-        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
-        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
-        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
-        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
-
-        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
-        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeIs[...]`` as its
-        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
-
-        Using  ``-> TypeIs`` tells the static type checker that for a given
-        function:
-
-        1. The return value is a boolean.
-        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
-        is the intersection of the type inside ``TypeGuard`` and the argument's
-        previously known type.
-
-        For example::
-
-            def is_awaitable(val: object) -> TypeIs[Awaitable[Any]]:
-                return hasattr(val, '__await__')
-
-            def f(val: Union[int, Awaitable[int]]) -> int:
-                if is_awaitable(val):
-                    assert_type(val, Awaitable[int])
-                else:
-                    assert_type(val, int)
-
-        ``TypeIs`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
-        PEP 742 (Narrowing types with TypeIs).
-        """)
-
-
-# Vendored from cpython typing._SpecialFrom
-class _SpecialForm(typing._Final, _root=True):
-    __slots__ = ('_name', '__doc__', '_getitem')
-
-    def __init__(self, getitem):
-        self._getitem = getitem
-        self._name = getitem.__name__
-        self.__doc__ = getitem.__doc__
-
-    def __getattr__(self, item):
-        if item in {'__name__', '__qualname__'}:
-            return self._name
-
-        raise AttributeError(item)
-
-    def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
-        raise TypeError(f"Cannot subclass {self!r}")
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return f'typing_extensions.{self._name}'
-
-    def __reduce__(self):
-        return self._name
-
-    def __call__(self, *args, **kwds):
-        raise TypeError(f"Cannot instantiate {self!r}")
-
-    def __or__(self, other):
-        return typing.Union[self, other]
-
-    def __ror__(self, other):
-        return typing.Union[other, self]
-
-    def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
-        raise TypeError(f"{self} cannot be used with isinstance()")
-
-    def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
-        raise TypeError(f"{self} cannot be used with issubclass()")
-
-    @typing._tp_cache
-    def __getitem__(self, parameters):
-        return self._getitem(self, parameters)
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "LiteralString"):  # 3.11+
-    LiteralString = typing.LiteralString
-else:
-    @_SpecialForm
-    def LiteralString(self, params):
-        """Represents an arbitrary literal string.
-
-        Example::
-
-          from typing_extensions import LiteralString
-
-          def query(sql: LiteralString) -> ...:
-              ...
-
-          query("SELECT * FROM table")  # ok
-          query(f"SELECT * FROM {input()}")  # not ok
-
-        See PEP 675 for details.
-
-        """
-        raise TypeError(f"{self} is not subscriptable")
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "Self"):  # 3.11+
-    Self = typing.Self
-else:
-    @_SpecialForm
-    def Self(self, params):
-        """Used to spell the type of "self" in classes.
-
-        Example::
-
-          from typing import Self
-
-          class ReturnsSelf:
-              def parse(self, data: bytes) -> Self:
-                  ...
-                  return self
-
-        """
-
-        raise TypeError(f"{self} is not subscriptable")
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "Never"):  # 3.11+
-    Never = typing.Never
-else:
-    @_SpecialForm
-    def Never(self, params):
-        """The bottom type, a type that has no members.
-
-        This can be used to define a function that should never be
-        called, or a function that never returns::
-
-            from typing_extensions import Never
-
-            def never_call_me(arg: Never) -> None:
-                pass
-
-            def int_or_str(arg: int | str) -> None:
-                never_call_me(arg)  # type checker error
-                match arg:
-                    case int():
-                        print("It's an int")
-                    case str():
-                        print("It's a str")
-                    case _:
-                        never_call_me(arg)  # ok, arg is of type Never
-
-        """
-
-        raise TypeError(f"{self} is not subscriptable")
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, 'Required'):  # 3.11+
-    Required = typing.Required
-    NotRequired = typing.NotRequired
-elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):  # 3.9-3.10
-    @_ExtensionsSpecialForm
-    def Required(self, parameters):
-        """A special typing construct to mark a key of a total=False TypedDict
-        as required. For example:
-
-            class Movie(TypedDict, total=False):
-                title: Required[str]
-                year: int
-
-            m = Movie(
-                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
-                year=1999,
-            )
-
-        There is no runtime checking that a required key is actually provided
-        when instantiating a related TypedDict.
-        """
-        item = typing._type_check(parameters, f'{self._name} accepts only a single type.')
-        return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
-
-    @_ExtensionsSpecialForm
-    def NotRequired(self, parameters):
-        """A special typing construct to mark a key of a TypedDict as
-        potentially missing. For example:
-
-            class Movie(TypedDict):
-                title: str
-                year: NotRequired[int]
-
-            m = Movie(
-                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
-                year=1999,
-            )
-        """
-        item = typing._type_check(parameters, f'{self._name} accepts only a single type.')
-        return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
-
-else:  # 3.8
-    class _RequiredForm(_ExtensionsSpecialForm, _root=True):
-        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
-            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
-                                      f'{self._name} accepts only a single type.')
-            return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
-
-    Required = _RequiredForm(
-        'Required',
-        doc="""A special typing construct to mark a key of a total=False TypedDict
-        as required. For example:
-
-            class Movie(TypedDict, total=False):
-                title: Required[str]
-                year: int
-
-            m = Movie(
-                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
-                year=1999,
-            )
-
-        There is no runtime checking that a required key is actually provided
-        when instantiating a related TypedDict.
-        """)
-    NotRequired = _RequiredForm(
-        'NotRequired',
-        doc="""A special typing construct to mark a key of a TypedDict as
-        potentially missing. For example:
-
-            class Movie(TypedDict):
-                title: str
-                year: NotRequired[int]
-
-            m = Movie(
-                title='The Matrix',  # typechecker error if key is omitted
-                year=1999,
-            )
-        """)
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, 'ReadOnly'):
-    ReadOnly = typing.ReadOnly
-elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):  # 3.9-3.12
-    @_ExtensionsSpecialForm
-    def ReadOnly(self, parameters):
-        """A special typing construct to mark an item of a TypedDict as read-only.
-
-        For example:
-
-            class Movie(TypedDict):
-                title: ReadOnly[str]
-                year: int
-
-            def mutate_movie(m: Movie) -> None:
-                m["year"] = 1992  # allowed
-                m["title"] = "The Matrix"  # typechecker error
-
-        There is no runtime checking for this property.
-        """
-        item = typing._type_check(parameters, f'{self._name} accepts only a single type.')
-        return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
-
-else:  # 3.8
-    class _ReadOnlyForm(_ExtensionsSpecialForm, _root=True):
-        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
-            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
-                                      f'{self._name} accepts only a single type.')
-            return typing._GenericAlias(self, (item,))
-
-    ReadOnly = _ReadOnlyForm(
-        'ReadOnly',
-        doc="""A special typing construct to mark a key of a TypedDict as read-only.
-
-        For example:
-
-            class Movie(TypedDict):
-                title: ReadOnly[str]
-                year: int
-
-            def mutate_movie(m: Movie) -> None:
-                m["year"] = 1992  # allowed
-                m["title"] = "The Matrix"  # typechecker error
-
-        There is no runtime checking for this propery.
-        """)
-
-
-_UNPACK_DOC = """\
-Type unpack operator.
-
-The type unpack operator takes the child types from some container type,
-such as `tuple[int, str]` or a `TypeVarTuple`, and 'pulls them out'. For
-example:
-
-  # For some generic class `Foo`:
-  Foo[Unpack[tuple[int, str]]]  # Equivalent to Foo[int, str]
-
-  Ts = TypeVarTuple('Ts')
-  # Specifies that `Bar` is generic in an arbitrary number of types.
-  # (Think of `Ts` as a tuple of an arbitrary number of individual
-  #  `TypeVar`s, which the `Unpack` is 'pulling out' directly into the
-  #  `Generic[]`.)
-  class Bar(Generic[Unpack[Ts]]): ...
-  Bar[int]  # Valid
-  Bar[int, str]  # Also valid
-
-From Python 3.11, this can also be done using the `*` operator:
-
-    Foo[*tuple[int, str]]
-    class Bar(Generic[*Ts]): ...
-
-The operator can also be used along with a `TypedDict` to annotate
-`**kwargs` in a function signature. For instance:
-
-  class Movie(TypedDict):
-    name: str
-    year: int
-
-  # This function expects two keyword arguments - *name* of type `str` and
-  # *year* of type `int`.
-  def foo(**kwargs: Unpack[Movie]): ...
-
-Note that there is only some runtime checking of this operator. Not
-everything the runtime allows may be accepted by static type checkers.
-
-For more information, see PEP 646 and PEP 692.
-"""
-
-
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):  # PEP 692 changed the repr of Unpack[]
-    Unpack = typing.Unpack
-
-    def _is_unpack(obj):
-        return get_origin(obj) is Unpack
-
-elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):  # 3.9+
-    class _UnpackSpecialForm(_ExtensionsSpecialForm, _root=True):
-        def __init__(self, getitem):
-            super().__init__(getitem)
-            self.__doc__ = _UNPACK_DOC
-
-    class _UnpackAlias(typing._GenericAlias, _root=True):
-        __class__ = typing.TypeVar
-
-        @property
-        def __typing_unpacked_tuple_args__(self):
-            assert self.__origin__ is Unpack
-            assert len(self.__args__) == 1
-            arg, = self.__args__
-            if isinstance(arg, (typing._GenericAlias, _types.GenericAlias)):
-                if arg.__origin__ is not tuple:
-                    raise TypeError("Unpack[...] must be used with a tuple type")
-                return arg.__args__
-            return None
-
-    @_UnpackSpecialForm
-    def Unpack(self, parameters):
-        item = typing._type_check(parameters, f'{self._name} accepts only a single type.')
-        return _UnpackAlias(self, (item,))
-
-    def _is_unpack(obj):
-        return isinstance(obj, _UnpackAlias)
-
-else:  # 3.8
-    class _UnpackAlias(typing._GenericAlias, _root=True):
-        __class__ = typing.TypeVar
-
-    class _UnpackForm(_ExtensionsSpecialForm, _root=True):
-        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
-            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
-                                      f'{self._name} accepts only a single type.')
-            return _UnpackAlias(self, (item,))
-
-    Unpack = _UnpackForm('Unpack', doc=_UNPACK_DOC)
-
-    def _is_unpack(obj):
-        return isinstance(obj, _UnpackAlias)
-
-
-if _PEP_696_IMPLEMENTED:
-    from typing import TypeVarTuple
-
-elif hasattr(typing, "TypeVarTuple"):  # 3.11+
-
-    def _unpack_args(*args):
-        newargs = []
-        for arg in args:
-            subargs = getattr(arg, '__typing_unpacked_tuple_args__', None)
-            if subargs is not None and not (subargs and subargs[-1] is ...):
-                newargs.extend(subargs)
-            else:
-                newargs.append(arg)
-        return newargs
-
-    # Add default parameter - PEP 696
-    class TypeVarTuple(metaclass=_TypeVarLikeMeta):
-        """Type variable tuple."""
-
-        _backported_typevarlike = typing.TypeVarTuple
-
-        def __new__(cls, name, *, default=NoDefault):
-            tvt = typing.TypeVarTuple(name)
-            _set_default(tvt, default)
-            _set_module(tvt)
-
-            def _typevartuple_prepare_subst(alias, args):
-                params = alias.__parameters__
-                typevartuple_index = params.index(tvt)
-                for param in params[typevartuple_index + 1:]:
-                    if isinstance(param, TypeVarTuple):
-                        raise TypeError(
-                            f"More than one TypeVarTuple parameter in {alias}"
-                        )
-
-                alen = len(args)
-                plen = len(params)
-                left = typevartuple_index
-                right = plen - typevartuple_index - 1
-                var_tuple_index = None
-                fillarg = None
-                for k, arg in enumerate(args):
-                    if not isinstance(arg, type):
-                        subargs = getattr(arg, '__typing_unpacked_tuple_args__', None)
-                        if subargs and len(subargs) == 2 and subargs[-1] is ...:
-                            if var_tuple_index is not None:
-                                raise TypeError(
-                                    "More than one unpacked "
-                                    "arbitrary-length tuple argument"
-                                )
-                            var_tuple_index = k
-                            fillarg = subargs[0]
-                if var_tuple_index is not None:
-                    left = min(left, var_tuple_index)
-                    right = min(right, alen - var_tuple_index - 1)
-                elif left + right > alen:
-                    raise TypeError(f"Too few arguments for {alias};"
-                                    f" actual {alen}, expected at least {plen - 1}")
-                if left == alen - right and tvt.has_default():
-                    replacement = _unpack_args(tvt.__default__)
-                else:
-                    replacement = args[left: alen - right]
-
-                return (
-                    *args[:left],
-                    *([fillarg] * (typevartuple_index - left)),
-                    replacement,
-                    *([fillarg] * (plen - right - left - typevartuple_index - 1)),
-                    *args[alen - right:],
-                )
-
-            tvt.__typing_prepare_subst__ = _typevartuple_prepare_subst
-            return tvt
-
-        def __init_subclass__(self, *args, **kwds):
-            raise TypeError("Cannot subclass special typing classes")
-
-else:  # <=3.10
-    class TypeVarTuple(_DefaultMixin):
-        """Type variable tuple.
-
-        Usage::
-
-            Ts = TypeVarTuple('Ts')
-
-        In the same way that a normal type variable is a stand-in for a single
-        type such as ``int``, a type variable *tuple* is a stand-in for a *tuple*
-        type such as ``Tuple[int, str]``.
-
-        Type variable tuples can be used in ``Generic`` declarations.
-        Consider the following example::
-
-            class Array(Generic[*Ts]): ...
-
-        The ``Ts`` type variable tuple here behaves like ``tuple[T1, T2]``,
-        where ``T1`` and ``T2`` are type variables. To use these type variables
-        as type parameters of ``Array``, we must *unpack* the type variable tuple using
-        the star operator: ``*Ts``. The signature of ``Array`` then behaves
-        as if we had simply written ``class Array(Generic[T1, T2]): ...``.
-        In contrast to ``Generic[T1, T2]``, however, ``Generic[*Shape]`` allows
-        us to parameterise the class with an *arbitrary* number of type parameters.
-
-        Type variable tuples can be used anywhere a normal ``TypeVar`` can.
-        This includes class definitions, as shown above, as well as function
-        signatures and variable annotations::
-
-            class Array(Generic[*Ts]):
-
-                def __init__(self, shape: Tuple[*Ts]):
-                    self._shape: Tuple[*Ts] = shape
-
-                def get_shape(self) -> Tuple[*Ts]:
-                    return self._shape
-
-            shape = (Height(480), Width(640))
-            x: Array[Height, Width] = Array(shape)
-            y = abs(x)  # Inferred type is Array[Height, Width]
-            z = x + x   #        ...    is Array[Height, Width]
-            x.get_shape()  #     ...    is tuple[Height, Width]
-
-        """
-
-        # Trick Generic __parameters__.
-        __class__ = typing.TypeVar
-
-        def __iter__(self):
-            yield self.__unpacked__
-
-        def __init__(self, name, *, default=NoDefault):
-            self.__name__ = name
-            _DefaultMixin.__init__(self, default)
-
-            # for pickling:
-            def_mod = _caller()
-            if def_mod != 'typing_extensions':
-                self.__module__ = def_mod
-
-            self.__unpacked__ = Unpack[self]
-
-        def __repr__(self):
-            return self.__name__
-
-        def __hash__(self):
-            return object.__hash__(self)
-
-        def __eq__(self, other):
-            return self is other
-
-        def __reduce__(self):
-            return self.__name__
-
-        def __init_subclass__(self, *args, **kwds):
-            if '_root' not in kwds:
-                raise TypeError("Cannot subclass special typing classes")
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "reveal_type"):  # 3.11+
-    reveal_type = typing.reveal_type
-else:  # <=3.10
-    def reveal_type(obj: T, /) -> T:
-        """Reveal the inferred type of a variable.
-
-        When a static type checker encounters a call to ``reveal_type()``,
-        it will emit the inferred type of the argument::
-
-            x: int = 1
-            reveal_type(x)
-
-        Running a static type checker (e.g., ``mypy``) on this example
-        will produce output similar to 'Revealed type is "builtins.int"'.
-
-        At runtime, the function prints the runtime type of the
-        argument and returns it unchanged.
-
-        """
-        print(f"Runtime type is {type(obj).__name__!r}", file=sys.stderr)
-        return obj
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "_ASSERT_NEVER_REPR_MAX_LENGTH"):  # 3.11+
-    _ASSERT_NEVER_REPR_MAX_LENGTH = typing._ASSERT_NEVER_REPR_MAX_LENGTH
-else:  # <=3.10
-    _ASSERT_NEVER_REPR_MAX_LENGTH = 100
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "assert_never"):  # 3.11+
-    assert_never = typing.assert_never
-else:  # <=3.10
-    def assert_never(arg: Never, /) -> Never:
-        """Assert to the type checker that a line of code is unreachable.
-
-        Example::
-
-            def int_or_str(arg: int | str) -> None:
-                match arg:
-                    case int():
-                        print("It's an int")
-                    case str():
-                        print("It's a str")
-                    case _:
-                        assert_never(arg)
-
-        If a type checker finds that a call to assert_never() is
-        reachable, it will emit an error.
-
-        At runtime, this throws an exception when called.
-
-        """
-        value = repr(arg)
-        if len(value) > _ASSERT_NEVER_REPR_MAX_LENGTH:
-            value = value[:_ASSERT_NEVER_REPR_MAX_LENGTH] + '...'
-        raise AssertionError(f"Expected code to be unreachable, but got: {value}")
-
-
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):  # 3.12+
-    # dataclass_transform exists in 3.11 but lacks the frozen_default parameter
-    dataclass_transform = typing.dataclass_transform
-else:  # <=3.11
-    def dataclass_transform(
-        *,
-        eq_default: bool = True,
-        order_default: bool = False,
-        kw_only_default: bool = False,
-        frozen_default: bool = False,
-        field_specifiers: typing.Tuple[
-            typing.Union[typing.Type[typing.Any], typing.Callable[..., typing.Any]],
-            ...
-        ] = (),
-        **kwargs: typing.Any,
-    ) -> typing.Callable[[T], T]:
-        """Decorator that marks a function, class, or metaclass as providing
-        dataclass-like behavior.
-
-        Example:
-
-            from typing_extensions import dataclass_transform
-
-            _T = TypeVar("_T")
-
-            # Used on a decorator function
-            @dataclass_transform()
-            def create_model(cls: type[_T]) -> type[_T]:
-                ...
-                return cls
-
-            @create_model
-            class CustomerModel:
-                id: int
-                name: str
-
-            # Used on a base class
-            @dataclass_transform()
-            class ModelBase: ...
-
-            class CustomerModel(ModelBase):
-                id: int
-                name: str
-
-            # Used on a metaclass
-            @dataclass_transform()
-            class ModelMeta(type): ...
-
-            class ModelBase(metaclass=ModelMeta): ...
-
-            class CustomerModel(ModelBase):
-                id: int
-                name: str
-
-        Each of the ``CustomerModel`` classes defined in this example will now
-        behave similarly to a dataclass created with the ``@dataclasses.dataclass``
-        decorator. For example, the type checker will synthesize an ``__init__``
-        method.
-
-        The arguments to this decorator can be used to customize this behavior:
-        - ``eq_default`` indicates whether the ``eq`` parameter is assumed to be
-          True or False if it is omitted by the caller.
-        - ``order_default`` indicates whether the ``order`` parameter is
-          assumed to be True or False if it is omitted by the caller.
-        - ``kw_only_default`` indicates whether the ``kw_only`` parameter is
-          assumed to be True or False if it is omitted by the caller.
-        - ``frozen_default`` indicates whether the ``frozen`` parameter is
-          assumed to be True or False if it is omitted by the caller.
-        - ``field_specifiers`` specifies a static list of supported classes
-          or functions that describe fields, similar to ``dataclasses.field()``.
-
-        At runtime, this decorator records its arguments in the
-        ``__dataclass_transform__`` attribute on the decorated object.
-
-        See PEP 681 for details.
-
-        """
-        def decorator(cls_or_fn):
-            cls_or_fn.__dataclass_transform__ = {
-                "eq_default": eq_default,
-                "order_default": order_default,
-                "kw_only_default": kw_only_default,
-                "frozen_default": frozen_default,
-                "field_specifiers": field_specifiers,
-                "kwargs": kwargs,
-            }
-            return cls_or_fn
-        return decorator
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "override"):  # 3.12+
-    override = typing.override
-else:  # <=3.11
-    _F = typing.TypeVar("_F", bound=typing.Callable[..., typing.Any])
-
-    def override(arg: _F, /) -> _F:
-        """Indicate that a method is intended to override a method in a base class.
-
-        Usage:
-
-            class Base:
-                def method(self) -> None:
-                    pass
-
-            class Child(Base):
-                @override
-                def method(self) -> None:
-                    super().method()
-
-        When this decorator is applied to a method, the type checker will
-        validate that it overrides a method with the same name on a base class.
-        This helps prevent bugs that may occur when a base class is changed
-        without an equivalent change to a child class.
-
-        There is no runtime checking of these properties. The decorator
-        sets the ``__override__`` attribute to ``True`` on the decorated object
-        to allow runtime introspection.
-
-        See PEP 698 for details.
-
-        """
-        try:
-            arg.__override__ = True
-        except (AttributeError, TypeError):
-            # Skip the attribute silently if it is not writable.
-            # AttributeError happens if the object has __slots__ or a
-            # read-only property, TypeError if it's a builtin class.
-            pass
-        return arg
-
-
-if hasattr(warnings, "deprecated"):
-    deprecated = warnings.deprecated
-else:
-    _T = typing.TypeVar("_T")
-
-    class deprecated:
-        """Indicate that a class, function or overload is deprecated.
-
-        When this decorator is applied to an object, the type checker
-        will generate a diagnostic on usage of the deprecated object.
-
-        Usage:
-
-            @deprecated("Use B instead")
-            class A:
-                pass
-
-            @deprecated("Use g instead")
-            def f():
-                pass
-
-            @overload
-            @deprecated("int support is deprecated")
-            def g(x: int) -> int: ...
-            @overload
-            def g(x: str) -> int: ...
-
-        The warning specified by *category* will be emitted at runtime
-        on use of deprecated objects. For functions, that happens on calls;
-        for classes, on instantiation and on creation of subclasses.
-        If the *category* is ``None``, no warning is emitted at runtime.
-        The *stacklevel* determines where the
-        warning is emitted. If it is ``1`` (the default), the warning
-        is emitted at the direct caller of the deprecated object; if it
-        is higher, it is emitted further up the stack.
-        Static type checker behavior is not affected by the *category*
-        and *stacklevel* arguments.
-
-        The deprecation message passed to the decorator is saved in the
-        ``__deprecated__`` attribute on the decorated object.
-        If applied to an overload, the decorator
-        must be after the ``@overload`` decorator for the attribute to
-        exist on the overload as returned by ``get_overloads()``.
-
-        See PEP 702 for details.
-
-        """
-        def __init__(
-            self,
-            message: str,
-            /,
-            *,
-            category: typing.Optional[typing.Type[Warning]] = DeprecationWarning,
-            stacklevel: int = 1,
-        ) -> None:
-            if not isinstance(message, str):
-                raise TypeError(
-                    "Expected an object of type str for 'message', not "
-                    f"{type(message).__name__!r}"
-                )
-            self.message = message
-            self.category = category
-            self.stacklevel = stacklevel
-
-        def __call__(self, arg: _T, /) -> _T:
-            # Make sure the inner functions created below don't
-            # retain a reference to self.
-            msg = self.message
-            category = self.category
-            stacklevel = self.stacklevel
-            if category is None:
-                arg.__deprecated__ = msg
-                return arg
-            elif isinstance(arg, type):
-                import functools
-                from types import MethodType
-
-                original_new = arg.__new__
-
-                @functools.wraps(original_new)
-                def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
-                    if cls is arg:
-                        warnings.warn(msg, category=category, stacklevel=stacklevel + 1)
-                    if original_new is not object.__new__:
-                        return original_new(cls, *args, **kwargs)
-                    # Mirrors a similar check in object.__new__.
-                    elif cls.__init__ is object.__init__ and (args or kwargs):
-                        raise TypeError(f"{cls.__name__}() takes no arguments")
-                    else:
-                        return original_new(cls)
-
-                arg.__new__ = staticmethod(__new__)
-
-                original_init_subclass = arg.__init_subclass__
-                # We need slightly different behavior if __init_subclass__
-                # is a bound method (likely if it was implemented in Python)
-                if isinstance(original_init_subclass, MethodType):
-                    original_init_subclass = original_init_subclass.__func__
-
-                    @functools.wraps(original_init_subclass)
-                    def __init_subclass__(*args, **kwargs):
-                        warnings.warn(msg, category=category, stacklevel=stacklevel + 1)
-                        return original_init_subclass(*args, **kwargs)
-
-                    arg.__init_subclass__ = classmethod(__init_subclass__)
-                # Or otherwise, which likely means it's a builtin such as
-                # object's implementation of __init_subclass__.
-                else:
-                    @functools.wraps(original_init_subclass)
-                    def __init_subclass__(*args, **kwargs):
-                        warnings.warn(msg, category=category, stacklevel=stacklevel + 1)
-                        return original_init_subclass(*args, **kwargs)
-
-                    arg.__init_subclass__ = __init_subclass__
-
-                arg.__deprecated__ = __new__.__deprecated__ = msg
-                __init_subclass__.__deprecated__ = msg
-                return arg
-            elif callable(arg):
-                import functools
-
-                @functools.wraps(arg)
-                def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
-                    warnings.warn(msg, category=category, stacklevel=stacklevel + 1)
-                    return arg(*args, **kwargs)
-
-                arg.__deprecated__ = wrapper.__deprecated__ = msg
-                return wrapper
-            else:
-                raise TypeError(
-                    "@deprecated decorator with non-None category must be applied to "
-                    f"a class or callable, not {arg!r}"
-                )
-
-
-# We have to do some monkey patching to deal with the dual nature of
-# Unpack/TypeVarTuple:
-# - We want Unpack to be a kind of TypeVar so it gets accepted in
-#   Generic[Unpack[Ts]]
-# - We want it to *not* be treated as a TypeVar for the purposes of
-#   counting generic parameters, so that when we subscript a generic,
-#   the runtime doesn't try to substitute the Unpack with the subscripted type.
-if not hasattr(typing, "TypeVarTuple"):
-    def _check_generic(cls, parameters, elen=_marker):
-        """Check correct count for parameters of a generic cls (internal helper).
-
-        This gives a nice error message in case of count mismatch.
-        """
-        if not elen:
-            raise TypeError(f"{cls} is not a generic class")
-        if elen is _marker:
-            if not hasattr(cls, "__parameters__") or not cls.__parameters__:
-                raise TypeError(f"{cls} is not a generic class")
-            elen = len(cls.__parameters__)
-        alen = len(parameters)
-        if alen != elen:
-            expect_val = elen
-            if hasattr(cls, "__parameters__"):
-                parameters = [p for p in cls.__parameters__ if not _is_unpack(p)]
-                num_tv_tuples = sum(isinstance(p, TypeVarTuple) for p in parameters)
-                if (num_tv_tuples > 0) and (alen >= elen - num_tv_tuples):
-                    return
-
-                # deal with TypeVarLike defaults
-                # required TypeVarLikes cannot appear after a defaulted one.
-                if alen < elen:
-                    # since we validate TypeVarLike default in _collect_type_vars
-                    # or _collect_parameters we can safely check parameters[alen]
-                    if (
-                        getattr(parameters[alen], '__default__', NoDefault)
-                        is not NoDefault
-                    ):
-                        return
-
-                    num_default_tv = sum(getattr(p, '__default__', NoDefault)
-                                         is not NoDefault for p in parameters)
-
-                    elen -= num_default_tv
-
-                    expect_val = f"at least {elen}"
-
-            things = "arguments" if sys.version_info >= (3, 10) else "parameters"
-            raise TypeError(f"Too {'many' if alen > elen else 'few'} {things}"
-                            f" for {cls}; actual {alen}, expected {expect_val}")
-else:
-    # Python 3.11+
-
-    def _check_generic(cls, parameters, elen):
-        """Check correct count for parameters of a generic cls (internal helper).
-
-        This gives a nice error message in case of count mismatch.
-        """
-        if not elen:
-            raise TypeError(f"{cls} is not a generic class")
-        alen = len(parameters)
-        if alen != elen:
-            expect_val = elen
-            if hasattr(cls, "__parameters__"):
-                parameters = [p for p in cls.__parameters__ if not _is_unpack(p)]
-
-                # deal with TypeVarLike defaults
-                # required TypeVarLikes cannot appear after a defaulted one.
-                if alen < elen:
-                    # since we validate TypeVarLike default in _collect_type_vars
-                    # or _collect_parameters we can safely check parameters[alen]
-                    if (
-                        getattr(parameters[alen], '__default__', NoDefault)
-                        is not NoDefault
-                    ):
-                        return
-
-                    num_default_tv = sum(getattr(p, '__default__', NoDefault)
-                                         is not NoDefault for p in parameters)
-
-                    elen -= num_default_tv
-
-                    expect_val = f"at least {elen}"
-
-            raise TypeError(f"Too {'many' if alen > elen else 'few'} arguments"
-                            f" for {cls}; actual {alen}, expected {expect_val}")
-
-if not _PEP_696_IMPLEMENTED:
-    typing._check_generic = _check_generic
-
-
-def _has_generic_or_protocol_as_origin() -> bool:
-    try:
-        frame = sys._getframe(2)
-    # - Catch AttributeError: not all Python implementations have sys._getframe()
-    # - Catch ValueError: maybe we're called from an unexpected module
-    #   and the call stack isn't deep enough
-    except (AttributeError, ValueError):
-        return False  # err on the side of leniency
-    else:
-        # If we somehow get invoked from outside typing.py,
-        # also err on the side of leniency
-        if frame.f_globals.get("__name__") != "typing":
-            return False
-        origin = frame.f_locals.get("origin")
-        # Cannot use "in" because origin may be an object with a buggy __eq__ that
-        # throws an error.
-        return origin is typing.Generic or origin is Protocol or origin is typing.Protocol
-
-
-_TYPEVARTUPLE_TYPES = {TypeVarTuple, getattr(typing, "TypeVarTuple", None)}
-
-
-def _is_unpacked_typevartuple(x) -> bool:
-    if get_origin(x) is not Unpack:
-        return False
-    args = get_args(x)
-    return (
-        bool(args)
-        and len(args) == 1
-        and type(args[0]) in _TYPEVARTUPLE_TYPES
-    )
-
-
-# Python 3.11+ _collect_type_vars was renamed to _collect_parameters
-if hasattr(typing, '_collect_type_vars'):
-    def _collect_type_vars(types, typevar_types=None):
-        """Collect all type variable contained in types in order of
-        first appearance (lexicographic order). For example::
-
-            _collect_type_vars((T, List[S, T])) == (T, S)
-        """
-        if typevar_types is None:
-            typevar_types = typing.TypeVar
-        tvars = []
-
-        # A required TypeVarLike cannot appear after a TypeVarLike with a default
-        # if it was a direct call to `Generic[]` or `Protocol[]`
-        enforce_default_ordering = _has_generic_or_protocol_as_origin()
-        default_encountered = False
-
-        # Also, a TypeVarLike with a default cannot appear after a TypeVarTuple
-        type_var_tuple_encountered = False
-
-        for t in types:
-            if _is_unpacked_typevartuple(t):
-                type_var_tuple_encountered = True
-            elif isinstance(t, typevar_types) and t not in tvars:
-                if enforce_default_ordering:
-                    has_default = getattr(t, '__default__', NoDefault) is not NoDefault
-                    if has_default:
-                        if type_var_tuple_encountered:
-                            raise TypeError('Type parameter with a default'
-                                            ' follows TypeVarTuple')
-                        default_encountered = True
-                    elif default_encountered:
-                        raise TypeError(f'Type parameter {t!r} without a default'
-                                        ' follows type parameter with a default')
-
-                tvars.append(t)
-            if _should_collect_from_parameters(t):
-                tvars.extend([t for t in t.__parameters__ if t not in tvars])
-        return tuple(tvars)
-
-    typing._collect_type_vars = _collect_type_vars
-else:
-    def _collect_parameters(args):
-        """Collect all type variables and parameter specifications in args
-        in order of first appearance (lexicographic order).
-
-        For example::
-
-            assert _collect_parameters((T, Callable[P, T])) == (T, P)
-        """
-        parameters = []
-
-        # A required TypeVarLike cannot appear after a TypeVarLike with default
-        # if it was a direct call to `Generic[]` or `Protocol[]`
-        enforce_default_ordering = _has_generic_or_protocol_as_origin()
-        default_encountered = False
-
-        # Also, a TypeVarLike with a default cannot appear after a TypeVarTuple
-        type_var_tuple_encountered = False
-
-        for t in args:
-            if isinstance(t, type):
-                # We don't want __parameters__ descriptor of a bare Python class.
-                pass
-            elif isinstance(t, tuple):
-                # `t` might be a tuple, when `ParamSpec` is substituted with
-                # `[T, int]`, or `[int, *Ts]`, etc.
-                for x in t:
-                    for collected in _collect_parameters([x]):
-                        if collected not in parameters:
-                            parameters.append(collected)
-            elif hasattr(t, '__typing_subst__'):
-                if t not in parameters:
-                    if enforce_default_ordering:
-                        has_default = (
-                            getattr(t, '__default__', NoDefault) is not NoDefault
-                        )
-
-                        if type_var_tuple_encountered and has_default:
-                            raise TypeError('Type parameter with a default'
-                                            ' follows TypeVarTuple')
-
-                        if has_default:
-                            default_encountered = True
-                        elif default_encountered:
-                            raise TypeError(f'Type parameter {t!r} without a default'
-                                            ' follows type parameter with a default')
-
-                    parameters.append(t)
-            else:
-                if _is_unpacked_typevartuple(t):
-                    type_var_tuple_encountered = True
-                for x in getattr(t, '__parameters__', ()):
-                    if x not in parameters:
-                        parameters.append(x)
-
-        return tuple(parameters)
-
-    if not _PEP_696_IMPLEMENTED:
-        typing._collect_parameters = _collect_parameters
-
-# Backport typing.NamedTuple as it exists in Python 3.13.
-# In 3.11, the ability to define generic `NamedTuple`s was supported.
-# This was explicitly disallowed in 3.9-3.10, and only half-worked in <=3.8.
-# On 3.12, we added __orig_bases__ to call-based NamedTuples
-# On 3.13, we deprecated kwargs-based NamedTuples
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 13):
-    NamedTuple = typing.NamedTuple
-else:
-    def _make_nmtuple(name, types, module, defaults=()):
-        fields = [n for n, t in types]
-        annotations = {n: typing._type_check(t, f"field {n} annotation must be a type")
-                       for n, t in types}
-        nm_tpl = collections.namedtuple(name, fields,
-                                        defaults=defaults, module=module)
-        nm_tpl.__annotations__ = nm_tpl.__new__.__annotations__ = annotations
-        # The `_field_types` attribute was removed in 3.9;
-        # in earlier versions, it is the same as the `__annotations__` attribute
-        if sys.version_info < (3, 9):
-            nm_tpl._field_types = annotations
-        return nm_tpl
-
-    _prohibited_namedtuple_fields = typing._prohibited
-    _special_namedtuple_fields = frozenset({'__module__', '__name__', '__annotations__'})
-
-    class _NamedTupleMeta(type):
-        def __new__(cls, typename, bases, ns):
-            assert _NamedTuple in bases
-            for base in bases:
-                if base is not _NamedTuple and base is not typing.Generic:
-                    raise TypeError(
-                        'can only inherit from a NamedTuple type and Generic')
-            bases = tuple(tuple if base is _NamedTuple else base for base in bases)
-            if "__annotations__" in ns:
-                types = ns["__annotations__"]
-            elif "__annotate__" in ns:
-                # TODO: Use inspect.VALUE here, and make the annotations lazily evaluated
-                types = ns["__annotate__"](1)
-            else:
-                types = {}
-            default_names = []
-            for field_name in types:
-                if field_name in ns:
-                    default_names.append(field_name)
-                elif default_names:
-                    raise TypeError(f"Non-default namedtuple field {field_name} "
-                                    f"cannot follow default field"
-                                    f"{'s' if len(default_names) > 1 else ''} "
-                                    f"{', '.join(default_names)}")
-            nm_tpl = _make_nmtuple(
-                typename, types.items(),
-                defaults=[ns[n] for n in default_names],
-                module=ns['__module__']
-            )
-            nm_tpl.__bases__ = bases
-            if typing.Generic in bases:
-                if hasattr(typing, '_generic_class_getitem'):  # 3.12+
-                    nm_tpl.__class_getitem__ = classmethod(typing._generic_class_getitem)
-                else:
-                    class_getitem = typing.Generic.__class_getitem__.__func__
-                    nm_tpl.__class_getitem__ = classmethod(class_getitem)
-            # update from user namespace without overriding special namedtuple attributes
-            for key, val in ns.items():
-                if key in _prohibited_namedtuple_fields:
-                    raise AttributeError("Cannot overwrite NamedTuple attribute " + key)
-                elif key not in _special_namedtuple_fields:
-                    if key not in nm_tpl._fields:
-                        setattr(nm_tpl, key, ns[key])
-                    try:
-                        set_name = type(val).__set_name__
-                    except AttributeError:
-                        pass
-                    else:
-                        try:
-                            set_name(val, nm_tpl, key)
-                        except BaseException as e:
-                            msg = (
-                                f"Error calling __set_name__ on {type(val).__name__!r} "
-                                f"instance {key!r} in {typename!r}"
-                            )
-                            # BaseException.add_note() existed on py311,
-                            # but the __set_name__ machinery didn't start
-                            # using add_note() until py312.
-                            # Making sure exceptions are raised in the same way
-                            # as in "normal" classes seems most important here.
-                            if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
-                                e.add_note(msg)
-                                raise
-                            else:
-                                raise RuntimeError(msg) from e
-
-            if typing.Generic in bases:
-                nm_tpl.__init_subclass__()
-            return nm_tpl
-
-    _NamedTuple = type.__new__(_NamedTupleMeta, 'NamedTuple', (), {})
-
-    def _namedtuple_mro_entries(bases):
-        assert NamedTuple in bases
-        return (_NamedTuple,)
-
-    @_ensure_subclassable(_namedtuple_mro_entries)
-    def NamedTuple(typename, fields=_marker, /, **kwargs):
-        """Typed version of namedtuple.
-
-        Usage::
-
-            class Employee(NamedTuple):
-                name: str
-                id: int
-
-        This is equivalent to::
-
-            Employee = collections.namedtuple('Employee', ['name', 'id'])
-
-        The resulting class has an extra __annotations__ attribute, giving a
-        dict that maps field names to types.  (The field names are also in
-        the _fields attribute, which is part of the namedtuple API.)
-        An alternative equivalent functional syntax is also accepted::
-
-            Employee = NamedTuple('Employee', [('name', str), ('id', int)])
-        """
-        if fields is _marker:
-            if kwargs:
-                deprecated_thing = "Creating NamedTuple classes using keyword arguments"
-                deprecation_msg = (
-                    "{name} is deprecated and will be disallowed in Python {remove}. "
-                    "Use the class-based or functional syntax instead."
-                )
-            else:
-                deprecated_thing = "Failing to pass a value for the 'fields' parameter"
-                example = f"`{typename} = NamedTuple({typename!r}, [])`"
-                deprecation_msg = (
-                    "{name} is deprecated and will be disallowed in Python {remove}. "
-                    "To create a NamedTuple class with 0 fields "
-                    "using the functional syntax, "
-                    "pass an empty list, e.g. "
-                ) + example + "."
-        elif fields is None:
-            if kwargs:
-                raise TypeError(
-                    "Cannot pass `None` as the 'fields' parameter "
-                    "and also specify fields using keyword arguments"
-                )
-            else:
-                deprecated_thing = "Passing `None` as the 'fields' parameter"
-                example = f"`{typename} = NamedTuple({typename!r}, [])`"
-                deprecation_msg = (
-                    "{name} is deprecated and will be disallowed in Python {remove}. "
-                    "To create a NamedTuple class with 0 fields "
-                    "using the functional syntax, "
-                    "pass an empty list, e.g. "
-                ) + example + "."
-        elif kwargs:
-            raise TypeError("Either list of fields or keywords"
-                            " can be provided to NamedTuple, not both")
-        if fields is _marker or fields is None:
-            warnings.warn(
-                deprecation_msg.format(name=deprecated_thing, remove="3.15"),
-                DeprecationWarning,
-                stacklevel=2,
-            )
-            fields = kwargs.items()
-        nt = _make_nmtuple(typename, fields, module=_caller())
-        nt.__orig_bases__ = (NamedTuple,)
-        return nt
-
-
-if hasattr(collections.abc, "Buffer"):
-    Buffer = collections.abc.Buffer
-else:
-    class Buffer(abc.ABC):  # noqa: B024
-        """Base class for classes that implement the buffer protocol.
-
-        The buffer protocol allows Python objects to expose a low-level
-        memory buffer interface. Before Python 3.12, it is not possible
-        to implement the buffer protocol in pure Python code, or even
-        to check whether a class implements the buffer protocol. In
-        Python 3.12 and higher, the ``__buffer__`` method allows access
-        to the buffer protocol from Python code, and the
-        ``collections.abc.Buffer`` ABC allows checking whether a class
-        implements the buffer protocol.
-
-        To indicate support for the buffer protocol in earlier versions,
-        inherit from this ABC, either in a stub file or at runtime,
-        or use ABC registration. This ABC provides no methods, because
-        there is no Python-accessible methods shared by pre-3.12 buffer
-        classes. It is useful primarily for static checks.
-
-        """
-
-    # As a courtesy, register the most common stdlib buffer classes.
-    Buffer.register(memoryview)
-    Buffer.register(bytearray)
-    Buffer.register(bytes)
-
-
-# Backport of types.get_original_bases, available on 3.12+ in CPython
-if hasattr(_types, "get_original_bases"):
-    get_original_bases = _types.get_original_bases
-else:
-    def get_original_bases(cls, /):
-        """Return the class's "original" bases prior to modification by `__mro_entries__`.
-
-        Examples::
-
-            from typing import TypeVar, Generic
-            from typing_extensions import NamedTuple, TypedDict
-
-            T = TypeVar("T")
-            class Foo(Generic[T]): ...
-            class Bar(Foo[int], float): ...
-            class Baz(list[str]): ...
-            Eggs = NamedTuple("Eggs", [("a", int), ("b", str)])
-            Spam = TypedDict("Spam", {"a": int, "b": str})
-
-            assert get_original_bases(Bar) == (Foo[int], float)
-            assert get_original_bases(Baz) == (list[str],)
-            assert get_original_bases(Eggs) == (NamedTuple,)
-            assert get_original_bases(Spam) == (TypedDict,)
-            assert get_original_bases(int) == (object,)
-        """
-        try:
-            return cls.__dict__.get("__orig_bases__", cls.__bases__)
-        except AttributeError:
-            raise TypeError(
-                f'Expected an instance of type, not {type(cls).__name__!r}'
-            ) from None
-
-
-# NewType is a class on Python 3.10+, making it pickleable
-# The error message for subclassing instances of NewType was improved on 3.11+
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
-    NewType = typing.NewType
-else:
-    class NewType:
-        """NewType creates simple unique types with almost zero
-        runtime overhead. NewType(name, tp) is considered a subtype of tp
-        by static type checkers. At runtime, NewType(name, tp) returns
-        a dummy callable that simply returns its argument. Usage::
-            UserId = NewType('UserId', int)
-            def name_by_id(user_id: UserId) -> str:
-                ...
-            UserId('user')          # Fails type check
-            name_by_id(42)          # Fails type check
-            name_by_id(UserId(42))  # OK
-            num = UserId(5) + 1     # type: int
-        """
-
-        def __call__(self, obj, /):
-            return obj
-
-        def __init__(self, name, tp):
-            self.__qualname__ = name
-            if '.' in name:
-                name = name.rpartition('.')[-1]
-            self.__name__ = name
-            self.__supertype__ = tp
-            def_mod = _caller()
-            if def_mod != 'typing_extensions':
-                self.__module__ = def_mod
-
-        def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
-            # We defined __mro_entries__ to get a better error message
-            # if a user attempts to subclass a NewType instance. bpo-46170
-            supercls_name = self.__name__
-
-            class Dummy:
-                def __init_subclass__(cls):
-                    subcls_name = cls.__name__
-                    raise TypeError(
-                        f"Cannot subclass an instance of NewType. "
-                        f"Perhaps you were looking for: "
-                        f"`{subcls_name} = NewType({subcls_name!r}, {supercls_name})`"
-                    )
-
-            return (Dummy,)
-
-        def __repr__(self):
-            return f'{self.__module__}.{self.__qualname__}'
-
-        def __reduce__(self):
-            return self.__qualname__
-
-        if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
-            # PEP 604 methods
-            # It doesn't make sense to have these methods on Python <3.10
-
-            def __or__(self, other):
-                return typing.Union[self, other]
-
-            def __ror__(self, other):
-                return typing.Union[other, self]
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "TypeAliasType"):
-    TypeAliasType = typing.TypeAliasType
-else:
-    def _is_unionable(obj):
-        """Corresponds to is_unionable() in unionobject.c in CPython."""
-        return obj is None or isinstance(obj, (
-            type,
-            _types.GenericAlias,
-            _types.UnionType,
-            TypeAliasType,
-        ))
-
-    class TypeAliasType:
-        """Create named, parameterized type aliases.
-
-        This provides a backport of the new `type` statement in Python 3.12:
-
-            type ListOrSet[T] = list[T] | set[T]
-
-        is equivalent to:
-
-            T = TypeVar("T")
-            ListOrSet = TypeAliasType("ListOrSet", list[T] | set[T], type_params=(T,))
-
-        The name ListOrSet can then be used as an alias for the type it refers to.
-
-        The type_params argument should contain all the type parameters used
-        in the value of the type alias. If the alias is not generic, this
-        argument is omitted.
-
-        Static type checkers should only support type aliases declared using
-        TypeAliasType that follow these rules:
-
-        - The first argument (the name) must be a string literal.
-        - The TypeAliasType instance must be immediately assigned to a variable
-          of the same name. (For example, 'X = TypeAliasType("Y", int)' is invalid,
-          as is 'X, Y = TypeAliasType("X", int), TypeAliasType("Y", int)').
-
-        """
-
-        def __init__(self, name: str, value, *, type_params=()):
-            if not isinstance(name, str):
-                raise TypeError("TypeAliasType name must be a string")
-            self.__value__ = value
-            self.__type_params__ = type_params
-
-            parameters = []
-            for type_param in type_params:
-                if isinstance(type_param, TypeVarTuple):
-                    parameters.extend(type_param)
-                else:
-                    parameters.append(type_param)
-            self.__parameters__ = tuple(parameters)
-            def_mod = _caller()
-            if def_mod != 'typing_extensions':
-                self.__module__ = def_mod
-            # Setting this attribute closes the TypeAliasType from further modification
-            self.__name__ = name
-
-        def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: object, /) -> None:
-            if hasattr(self, "__name__"):
-                self._raise_attribute_error(name)
-            super().__setattr__(name, value)
-
-        def __delattr__(self, name: str, /) -> Never:
-            self._raise_attribute_error(name)
-
-        def _raise_attribute_error(self, name: str) -> Never:
-            # Match the Python 3.12 error messages exactly
-            if name == "__name__":
-                raise AttributeError("readonly attribute")
-            elif name in {"__value__", "__type_params__", "__parameters__", "__module__"}:
-                raise AttributeError(
-                    f"attribute '{name}' of 'typing.TypeAliasType' objects "
-                    "is not writable"
-                )
-            else:
-                raise AttributeError(
-                    f"'typing.TypeAliasType' object has no attribute '{name}'"
-                )
-
-        def __repr__(self) -> str:
-            return self.__name__
-
-        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
-            if not isinstance(parameters, tuple):
-                parameters = (parameters,)
-            parameters = [
-                typing._type_check(
-                    item, f'Subscripting {self.__name__} requires a type.'
-                )
-                for item in parameters
-            ]
-            return typing._GenericAlias(self, tuple(parameters))
-
-        def __reduce__(self):
-            return self.__name__
-
-        def __init_subclass__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
-            raise TypeError(
-                "type 'typing_extensions.TypeAliasType' is not an acceptable base type"
-            )
-
-        # The presence of this method convinces typing._type_check
-        # that TypeAliasTypes are types.
-        def __call__(self):
-            raise TypeError("Type alias is not callable")
-
-        if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
-            def __or__(self, right):
-                # For forward compatibility with 3.12, reject Unions
-                # that are not accepted by the built-in Union.
-                if not _is_unionable(right):
-                    return NotImplemented
-                return typing.Union[self, right]
-
-            def __ror__(self, left):
-                if not _is_unionable(left):
-                    return NotImplemented
-                return typing.Union[left, self]
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "is_protocol"):
-    is_protocol = typing.is_protocol
-    get_protocol_members = typing.get_protocol_members
-else:
-    def is_protocol(tp: type, /) -> bool:
-        """Return True if the given type is a Protocol.
-
-        Example::
-
-            >>> from typing_extensions import Protocol, is_protocol
-            >>> class P(Protocol):
-            ...     def a(self) -> str: ...
-            ...     b: int
-            >>> is_protocol(P)
-            True
-            >>> is_protocol(int)
-            False
-        """
-        return (
-            isinstance(tp, type)
-            and getattr(tp, '_is_protocol', False)
-            and tp is not Protocol
-            and tp is not typing.Protocol
-        )
-
-    def get_protocol_members(tp: type, /) -> typing.FrozenSet[str]:
-        """Return the set of members defined in a Protocol.
-
-        Example::
-
-            >>> from typing_extensions import Protocol, get_protocol_members
-            >>> class P(Protocol):
-            ...     def a(self) -> str: ...
-            ...     b: int
-            >>> get_protocol_members(P)
-            frozenset({'a', 'b'})
-
-        Raise a TypeError for arguments that are not Protocols.
-        """
-        if not is_protocol(tp):
-            raise TypeError(f'{tp!r} is not a Protocol')
-        if hasattr(tp, '__protocol_attrs__'):
-            return frozenset(tp.__protocol_attrs__)
-        return frozenset(_get_protocol_attrs(tp))
-
-
-if hasattr(typing, "Doc"):
-    Doc = typing.Doc
-else:
-    class Doc:
-        """Define the documentation of a type annotation using ``Annotated``, to be
-         used in class attributes, function and method parameters, return values,
-         and variables.
-
-        The value should be a positional-only string literal to allow static tools
-        like editors and documentation generators to use it.
-
-        This complements docstrings.
-
-        The string value passed is available in the attribute ``documentation``.
-
-        Example::
-
-            >>> from typing_extensions import Annotated, Doc
-            >>> def hi(to: Annotated[str, Doc("Who to say hi to")]) -> None: ...
-        """
-        def __init__(self, documentation: str, /) -> None:
-            self.documentation = documentation
-
-        def __repr__(self) -> str:
-            return f"Doc({self.documentation!r})"
-
-        def __hash__(self) -> int:
-            return hash(self.documentation)
-
-        def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
-            if not isinstance(other, Doc):
-                return NotImplemented
-            return self.documentation == other.documentation
-
-
-_CapsuleType = getattr(_types, "CapsuleType", None)
-
-if _CapsuleType is None:
-    try:
-        import _socket
-    except ImportError:
-        pass
-    else:
-        _CAPI = getattr(_socket, "CAPI", None)
-        if _CAPI is not None:
-            _CapsuleType = type(_CAPI)
-
-if _CapsuleType is not None:
-    CapsuleType = _CapsuleType
-    __all__.append("CapsuleType")
-
-
-# Aliases for items that have always been in typing.
-# Explicitly assign these (rather than using `from typing import *` at the top),
-# so that we get a CI error if one of these is deleted from typing.py
-# in a future version of Python
-AbstractSet = typing.AbstractSet
-AnyStr = typing.AnyStr
-BinaryIO = typing.BinaryIO
-Callable = typing.Callable
-Collection = typing.Collection
-Container = typing.Container
-Dict = typing.Dict
-ForwardRef = typing.ForwardRef
-FrozenSet = typing.FrozenSet
-Generic = typing.Generic
-Hashable = typing.Hashable
-IO = typing.IO
-ItemsView = typing.ItemsView
-Iterable = typing.Iterable
-Iterator = typing.Iterator
-KeysView = typing.KeysView
-List = typing.List
-Mapping = typing.Mapping
-MappingView = typing.MappingView
-Match = typing.Match
-MutableMapping = typing.MutableMapping
-MutableSequence = typing.MutableSequence
-MutableSet = typing.MutableSet
-Optional = typing.Optional
-Pattern = typing.Pattern
-Reversible = typing.Reversible
-Sequence = typing.Sequence
-Set = typing.Set
-Sized = typing.Sized
-TextIO = typing.TextIO
-Tuple = typing.Tuple
-Union = typing.Union
-ValuesView = typing.ValuesView
-cast = typing.cast
-no_type_check = typing.no_type_check
-no_type_check_decorator = typing.no_type_check_decorator