@scriptc/compiler 0.4.7 → 0.4.8

package/dist/frontend/lowering/containers/bytes.js

@@ -220,9 +220,13 @@ function bytesCallbackHelper(lowerer, method, bytesT, resultT, fnRet, arity, has
         type: F64,
         loc,
     });
+    // A mutable-buffers program's receiver length can shrink inside the
+    // callback (the buffer resizes or detaches), while Node's visit captures
+    // %TypedArrayLength once: the loop bound is the captured `n` there.
+    const bound = () => (lowerer.buffersMutable ? n() : length());
     const inRange = () => backward
         ? { kind: "bin", op: ">=", left: i(), right: numLit(0, loc), type: BOOL, loc }
-        : { kind: "bin", op: "<", left: i(), right: length(), type: BOOL, loc };
+        : { kind: "bin", op: "<", left: i(), right: bound(), type: BOOL, loc };
     const advance = () => ({
         kind: "assign",
         localId: "i.0",
@@ -262,7 +266,26 @@ function bytesCallbackHelper(lowerer, method, bytesT, resultT, fnRet, arity, has
         { localId: "f.0", name: "f", type: fnT },
         ...(hasInit ? [{ localId: "z.0", name: "z", type: resultT }] : []),
     ];
-    const visit = [{ kind: "assign", localId: "v.0", value: at(i()), loc }];
+    // A mutable-buffers program's visit runs to the captured length even after
+    // the buffer shrinks under it, where Node's element Get answers undefined.
+    // The typed model has no undefined in an element slot, so an out-of-view
+    // index reads as NaN, which is what every numeric use of undefined converts
+    // to. The callback still runs, and the result array is independent of the
+    // source, so its element Set always stores.
+    const inView = () => lowerer.buffersMutable
+        ? { kind: "bin", op: "<", left: i(), right: length(), type: BOOL, loc }
+        : boolLit(true, loc);
+    const visit = lowerer.buffersMutable
+        ? [
+            {
+                kind: "if",
+                cond: inView(),
+                then: [{ kind: "assign", localId: "v.0", value: at(i()), loc }],
+                else_: [{ kind: "assign", localId: "v.0", value: numLit(NaN, loc), loc }],
+                loc,
+            },
+        ]
+        : [{ kind: "assign", localId: "v.0", value: at(i()), loc }];
     let seeded = false;
     const prologue = [];
     let epilogue;
@@ -278,13 +301,8 @@ function bytesCallbackHelper(lowerer, method, bytesT, resultT, fnRet, arity, has
                 init: { kind: "bytesNew", source: n(), type: bytesT, loc },
                 loc,
             });
-            visit.push({
-                kind: "bytesSet",
-                arr: acc(),
-                index: i(),
-                value: lowerer.coerceToExpected(callback(), F64),
-                loc,
-            });
+            const mapped = lowerer.coerceToExpected(callback(), F64);
+            visit.push({ kind: "bytesSet", arr: acc(), index: i(), value: mapped, loc });
             if (bytesT.elem === "u8")
                 prologue.push(copyBrand(acc()));
             epilogue = [ret(acc())];
@@ -490,15 +508,36 @@ export function lowerBytesNew(lowerer, expr, symbol) {
         (ts.symbolName(symbol) === "ArrayBuffer" || ts.symbolName(symbol) === "SharedArrayBuffer") &&
         lowerer.isStdlibSymbol(symbol)) {
         const args = expr.arguments?.nodes ?? [];
-        if (args.length > 1 || args.some(ts.isSpreadElement)) {
+        // `new ArrayBuffer(len, { maxByteLength })` is a resizable, growable or
+        // detachable buffer (t262-dc C2). Only a JavaScript source may build
+        // one: the TypeScript surface keeps the fixed-length refusal.
+        const options = args.length === 2 &&
+            !args.some(ts.isSpreadElement) &&
+            isJsSourceFile(ts.getSourceFileOfNode(expr))
+            ? args[1]
+            : undefined;
+        if (args.length > (options ? 2 : 1) || args.some(ts.isSpreadElement)) {
             lowerer.noLowering("resizable ArrayBuffer construction", expr, "fixed-length ArrayBuffers accept a byte length; resizable storage is not supported yet");
         }
         const length = args[0]
             ? lowerer.coerceInto(args[0], lowerer.lowerExpr(args[0]), DYN)
             : dynUndefinedExpr(locOf(expr));
+        const shared = ts.symbolName(symbol) === "SharedArrayBuffer";
+        if (options) {
+            // A resizable or growable construction is the mutableBuffers fact by
+            // itself: the buffer it builds can change length later.
+            lowerer.buffersMutable = true;
+            return {
+                kind: "libCall",
+                fn: shared ? "sharedArrayBuffer.newGrowable" : "arrayBuffer.newResizable",
+                args: [length, lowerer.coerceInto(options, lowerer.lowerExpr(options), DYN)],
+                type: DYN,
+                loc: locOf(expr),
+            };
+        }
         return {
             kind: "libCall",
-            fn: ts.symbolName(symbol) === "SharedArrayBuffer" ? "sharedArrayBuffer.new" : "arrayBuffer.new",
+            fn: shared ? "sharedArrayBuffer.new" : "arrayBuffer.new",
             args: [length],
             type: DYN,
             loc: locOf(expr),
@@ -970,6 +1009,34 @@ export function lowerBytesMethodCall(lowerer, call, access) {
         return null;
     const loc = locOf(call);
     const nArgs = call.arguments.nodes.length;
+    // In JavaScript, copy, toString, slice and subarray called with an offset
+    // that is not statically a number (`b.copy(c, '0')`, `buf.slice('2')`), or
+    // toString with an encoding that is not statically a string, run as the
+    // checked-dynamic Buffer method, which converts them as Node does; the
+    // result returns to the method's static type.
+    const coerced = own(JS_COERCED_OFFSET_SLOTS, name);
+    if (coerced !== undefined &&
+        receiverIr.elem === "u8" &&
+        isJsSourceFile(ts.getSourceFileOfNode(call)) &&
+        !call.arguments.nodes.some(ts.isSpreadElement) &&
+        call.arguments.nodes.some((a, i) => (coerced.slots.includes(i) && !kindOrUndefinedArgument(lowerer, a, "f64")) ||
+            (coerced.encoding === i && !kindOrUndefinedArgument(lowerer, a, "string")))) {
+        const receiver = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(access.expression, receiverIr);
+        return {
+            kind: "dynCheck",
+            value: {
+                kind: "dynInvoke",
+                recv: { kind: "dynFrom", value: receiver, type: DYN, loc, liveRef: true },
+                method: name,
+                calleeName: ts.getTextOfNode(access),
+                args: call.arguments.nodes.map((a) => lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(a, DYN)),
+                type: DYN,
+                loc,
+            },
+            type: coerced.result,
+            loc,
+        };
+    }
     // Encoded stream callbacks can receive strings even when JavaScript's
     // contextual inference still describes their parameter as a Buffer.
     if (name === "toString" && nArgs <= 1 && isJsSourceFile(ts.getSourceFileOfNode(call))) {
@@ -1444,6 +1511,134 @@ export function bufEncoding(lowerer, what, encNode) {
     }
     return v;
 }
+/** A literal encoding argument's canonical name: a string literal node — a
+ * JavaScript argument outside the parameter's type widens to `string` — or
+ * a string literal type, in any letter case Node accepts. Undefined for a
+ * run-time value and for a spelling Node does not know. */
+function literalBufEncoding(lowerer, encNode) {
+    if (ts.isStringLiteralLike(encNode))
+        return knownBufEncoding(encNode.text);
+    const t = lowerer.typeOf(encNode);
+    return t.isStringLiteralType() ? knownBufEncoding(t.value) : undefined;
+}
+/** Whether an encoding argument's checker type is a string or a unit type
+ * Node reads as "no encoding". Node's methods disagree on other values
+ * (fill throws ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE; getEncodingOps coerces with `+ ''`),
+ * so those keep the refusal. */
+function stringOrUnitEncodingType(lowerer, encNode) {
+    const t = lowerer.typeOf(encNode);
+    const arms = t.flags & ts.TypeFlags.Union ? constituentTypes(t) : [t];
+    return arms.every((arm) => (arm.flags &
+        (ts.TypeFlags.StringLike |
+            ts.TypeFlags.Undefined |
+            ts.TypeFlags.Null |
+            ts.TypeFlags.Void)) !==
+        0);
+}
+const BUF_ENCODING_NORMALIZERS = {
+    strict: "buffer.normalizeEncoding",
+    emptyUtf8: "buffer.normalizeEncodingEmptyUtf8",
+    utf8Fallback: "buffer.normalizeEncodingOrUtf8",
+};
+/** The encoding argument of a Buffer surface: a canonical literal, or the
+ * run-time value normalized as `mode` names. Node throws inside the method
+ * for the names `mode` rejects; the normalization runs where Node's does,
+ * after the other arguments evaluate. */
+function bufEncodingArgument(lowerer, what, encNode, mode, loc) {
+    const literal = literalBufEncoding(lowerer, encNode);
+    if (literal !== undefined)
+        return { literal };
+    const undefinedArg = lowerStaticallyUndefinedArgument(lowerer, encNode);
+    if (undefinedArg)
+        return { literal: "utf8", effects: undefinedArg };
+    if (!stringOrUnitEncodingType(lowerer, encNode)) {
+        lowerer.noLowering(`${what} with this encoding`, encNode, 'a literal "utf8", "hex", "base64", "base64url", "latin1", "binary", "ascii", "utf16le", or "ucs2" spelling, or a string value, is the lowered encoding surface');
+    }
+    const raw = lowerOptionalArgument(lowerer, encNode, STRING, {
+        kind: "strLit",
+        value: "utf8",
+        type: STRING,
+        loc,
+    });
+    return { raw, mode };
+}
+/** The run-time normalization Node's method applies to an encoding. */
+function normalizeBufEncoding(enc, loc) {
+    return {
+        kind: "libCall",
+        fn: BUF_ENCODING_NORMALIZERS[enc.mode],
+        args: [enc.raw],
+        type: STRING,
+        loc,
+    };
+}
+/** Bind the arguments a Buffer surface evaluates before its encoding (`prior`,
+ * in source order) and then the normalized encoding to hidden locals, so the
+ * normalization (which can throw) runs once, after every argument, and the
+ * name can be read more than once. `passRaw` hands the value over unnormalized
+ * instead, for a surface whose runtime entry reads the name after its own
+ * checks. A literal encoding keeps the call shape unchanged and evaluates
+ * `prior` in place, except that an explicitly undefined argument with
+ * effects binds `prior` and then runs those effects, as JavaScript does. */
+function withBufEncoding(lowerer, enc, loc, prior, build, passRaw = false) {
+    if ("literal" in enc) {
+        const encoding = { kind: "strLit", value: enc.literal, type: STRING, loc };
+        if (!enc.effects || isSafeToDiscard(enc.effects))
+            return build(prior, encoding);
+        // An explicitly undefined argument that still has effects runs where
+        // JavaScript evaluates it — after the receiver and the preceding
+        // arguments, before the call — so bind those first.
+        const stmts = [];
+        const args = prior.map((expr) => {
+            const local = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%bufferArgument", expr.type);
+            stmts.push({ kind: "varDecl", localId: local.id, init: expr, loc });
+            return varRef(local.id, expr.type, loc);
+        });
+        stmts.push({ kind: "exprStmt", expr: enc.effects, loc });
+        const result = build(args, encoding);
+        return { kind: "seqExpr", stmts, result, type: result.type, loc };
+    }
+    const stmts = [];
+    const args = prior.map((expr) => {
+        const local = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%bufferArgument", expr.type);
+        stmts.push({ kind: "varDecl", localId: local.id, init: expr, loc });
+        return varRef(local.id, expr.type, loc);
+    });
+    let encoding = enc.raw;
+    if (!passRaw) {
+        const nameLocal = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%bufferEncoding", STRING);
+        stmts.push({
+            kind: "varDecl",
+            localId: nameLocal.id,
+            init: normalizeBufEncoding(enc, loc),
+            loc,
+        });
+        encoding = varRef(nameLocal.id, STRING, loc);
+    }
+    const result = build(args, encoding);
+    return { kind: "seqExpr", stmts, result, type: result.type, loc };
+}
+/** The search's unit: Buffer compares whole 2-byte units under utf16le and
+ * searches byte by byte under every other encoding. */
+function bufEncodingAlign(enc, encoding, loc) {
+    if ("literal" in enc)
+        return numLit(enc.literal === "utf16le" ? 2 : 1, loc);
+    return {
+        kind: "ternary",
+        cond: {
+            kind: "strEq",
+            negated: false,
+            left: encoding,
+            right: { kind: "strLit", value: "utf16le", type: STRING, loc },
+            type: BOOL,
+            loc,
+        },
+        then: numLit(2, loc),
+        else_: numLit(1, loc),
+        type: F64,
+        loc,
+    };
+}
 const BUF_BIGINT_METHODS = {
     readBigInt64BE: { sign: true, le: false },
     readBigInt64LE: { sign: true, le: true },
@@ -1458,6 +1653,20 @@ const BUF_BIGINT_METHODS = {
     writeBigUint64BE: { sign: false, le: false },
     writeBigUint64LE: { sign: false, le: true },
 };
+/** The Buffer methods whose arguments JavaScript may pass as other values
+ * (Node converts them): the offset positions, the encoding position, and the
+ * static type of the result. */
+const JS_COERCED_OFFSET_SLOTS = {
+    copy: { slots: [1, 2, 3], result: F64 },
+    toString: { slots: [1, 2], encoding: 0, result: STRING },
+    slice: { slots: [0, 1], result: BYTES_U8 },
+    subarray: { slots: [0, 1], result: BYTES_U8 },
+};
+/** Whether an argument is statically of `kind` or undefined. */
+function kindOrUndefinedArgument(lowerer, arg, kind) {
+    const t = lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(arg));
+    return t?.kind === kind || (t !== undefined && t !== null && isUnitType(t));
+}
 /** Whether every argument of a numeric read/write is statically a number. */
 function numericArguments(lowerer, call) {
     return call.arguments.nodes.every((a) => lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(a))?.kind === "f64");
@@ -1509,7 +1718,15 @@ function lowerBufferInstanceMethod(lowerer, call, access, name, loc) {
     const nArgs = args.length;
     if (args.some(ts.isSpreadElement))
         return null;
-    const isStringArg = (i) => lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(args[i]))?.kind === "string";
+    // A trailing argument Node reads as the encoding: a string, or a string
+    // that a caller may leave undefined (`enc?: BufferEncoding`). Node treats
+    // an undefined encoding as utf8 and an undefined position as the default,
+    // so the two readings agree.
+    const isEncodingArg = (i) => {
+        const t = lowerer.typeOf(args[i]);
+        const arms = t.flags & ts.TypeFlags.Union ? constituentTypes(t) : [t];
+        return arms.every((arm) => (arm.flags & (ts.TypeFlags.StringLike | ts.TypeFlags.Undefined | ts.TypeFlags.Void)) !== 0);
+    };
     const u8Arg = (i) => {
         const v = lowerer.lowerExpr(args[i]);
         if (!(v.type.kind === "bytes" && v.type.elem === "u8")) {
@@ -1584,58 +1801,109 @@ function lowerBufferInstanceMethod(lowerer, call, access, name, loc) {
             lowerer.noLowering(`.${name} with ${nArgs} arguments`, call);
         // The overloads: (v), (v, byteOffset), (v, encoding), (v, byteOffset,
         // encoding) — a trailing string-typed arg is the encoding.
-        let encName = "utf8";
+        let encNode;
         let offNode;
         if (nArgs === 3) {
             offNode = args[1];
-            encName = bufEncoding(lowerer, `.${name}`, args[2]);
+            encNode = args[2];
         }
         else if (nArgs === 2) {
-            if (isStringArg(1))
-                encName = bufEncoding(lowerer, `.${name}`, args[1]);
+            if (isEncodingArg(1))
+                encNode = args[1];
             else
                 offNode = args[1];
         }
         const resultT = name === "includes" ? BOOL : F64;
         const vT = lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(args[0]));
         const receiver = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(access.expression, BYTES_U8);
+        const off = offNode ? lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(offNode, F64) : undefined;
         if (vT?.kind === "f64") {
-            // A number needle wraps & 0xFF at runtime (Buffer semantics; the
-            // encoding is irrelevant, like Node).
+            // A number needle wraps & 0xFF at runtime (Buffer semantics). Node
+            // reads the encoding only for string and Buffer needles, but the
+            // argument itself still evaluates.
             const v = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(args[0], F64);
-            const numArgs = [v, ...(offNode ? [lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(offNode, F64)] : [])];
+            const numArgs = [v, ...(off ? [off] : [])];
             const method = name === "indexOf"
                 ? "indexOfNum"
                 : name === "lastIndexOf"
                     ? "lastIndexOfNum"
                     : "includesNum";
-            return { kind: "bytesIntrinsic", method, receiver, args: numArgs, type: resultT, loc };
+            const result = {
+                kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
+                method,
+                receiver,
+                args: numArgs,
+                type: resultT,
+                loc,
+            };
+            if (encNode === undefined)
+                return result;
+            // The encoding does not name anything for a number needle; only its
+            // expression runs, after the other arguments.
+            const extra = lowerer.lowerExpr(encNode);
+            if (isSafeToDiscard(extra))
+                return result;
+            const stmts = [];
+            const bound = [receiver, ...numArgs].map((expr) => {
+                const local = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%bufferArgument", expr.type);
+                stmts.push({ kind: "varDecl", localId: local.id, init: expr, loc });
+                return varRef(local.id, expr.type, loc);
+            });
+            stmts.push({ kind: "exprStmt", expr: extra, loc });
+            return {
+                kind: "seqExpr",
+                stmts,
+                result: {
+                    kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
+                    method,
+                    receiver: bound[0],
+                    args: bound.slice(1),
+                    type: resultT,
+                    loc,
+                },
+                type: resultT,
+                loc,
+            };
         }
-        let needle;
-        let align = 1;
         if (vT?.kind === "string") {
+            // Buffer compares the encoded needle. A run-time encoding is
+            // normalized after every argument, so an unknown name throws Node's
+            // ERR_UNKNOWN_ENCODING before the search.
+            const enc = encNode
+                ? bufEncodingArgument(lowerer, `.${name}`, encNode, "strict", loc)
+                : { literal: "utf8" };
             const s = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(args[0], STRING);
-            const enc = { kind: "strLit", value: encName, type: STRING, loc };
-            needle = { kind: "libCall", fn: "buffer.fromStr", args: [s, enc], type: BYTES_U8, loc };
-            if (encName === "utf16le")
-                align = 2;
-        }
-        else if (vT?.kind === "bytes" && vT.elem === "u8") {
-            needle = lowerer.lowerExpr(args[0]);
-            // A Buffer needle under utf16le also searches whole 2-byte units.
-            if (encName === "utf16le")
-                align = 2;
-        }
-        else {
-            lowerer.noLowering(`.${name} of '${lowerer.checker.typeToString(lowerer.typeOf(args[0]))}' values`, args[0], "string, number, and Buffer/Uint8Array needles search (narrow unions first)");
+            return withBufEncoding(lowerer, enc, loc, [receiver, s, ...(off ? [off] : [])], ([recv, sRef, offRef], encoding) => ({
+                kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
+                method: name,
+                receiver: recv,
+                args: [
+                    { kind: "libCall", fn: "buffer.fromStr", args: [sRef, encoding], type: BYTES_U8, loc },
+                    bufEncodingAlign(enc, encoding, loc),
+                    ...(offRef ? [offRef] : []),
+                ],
+                type: resultT,
+                loc,
+            }));
+        }
+        if (vT?.kind === "bytes" && vT.elem === "u8") {
+            // A Buffer needle searches byte by byte; only utf16le searches whole
+            // 2-byte units. Node reads an unknown name as utf8 here, without
+            // throwing.
+            const enc = encNode
+                ? bufEncodingArgument(lowerer, `.${name}`, encNode, "utf8Fallback", loc)
+                : { literal: "utf8" };
+            const needle = lowerer.lowerExpr(args[0]);
+            return withBufEncoding(lowerer, enc, loc, [receiver, needle, ...(off ? [off] : [])], ([recv, needleRef, offRef], encoding) => ({
+                kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
+                method: name,
+                receiver: recv,
+                args: [needleRef, bufEncodingAlign(enc, encoding, loc), ...(offRef ? [offRef] : [])],
+                type: resultT,
+                loc,
+            }));
         }
-        const alignLit = { kind: "numLit", value: align, type: F64, loc };
-        const searchArgs = [
-            needle,
-            alignLit,
-            ...(offNode ? [lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(offNode, F64)] : []),
-        ];
-        return { kind: "bytesIntrinsic", method: name, receiver, args: searchArgs, type: resultT, loc };
+        lowerer.noLowering(`.${name} of '${lowerer.checker.typeToString(lowerer.typeOf(args[0]))}' values`, args[0], "string, number, and Buffer/Uint8Array needles search (narrow unions first)");
     }
     if (name === "fill") {
         if (nArgs < 1 || nArgs > 4)
@@ -1643,7 +1911,7 @@ function lowerBufferInstanceMethod(lowerer, call, access, name, loc) {
         // A trailing string-typed arg past the value is the encoding.
         let encNode;
         let idxNodes = call.arguments.nodes.slice(1);
-        if (idxNodes.length > 0 && isStringArg(nArgs - 1)) {
+        if (idxNodes.length > 0 && isEncodingArg(nArgs - 1)) {
             encNode = idxNodes[idxNodes.length - 1];
             idxNodes = idxNodes.slice(0, -1);
         }
@@ -1656,17 +1924,20 @@ function lowerBufferInstanceMethod(lowerer, call, access, name, loc) {
         const vT = lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(args[0]));
         const receiver = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(access.expression, BYTES_U8);
         if (vT?.kind === "string") {
-            const encName = encNode ? bufEncoding(lowerer, ".fill", encNode) : "utf8";
+            // fill's normalization reads an empty encoding as utf8; an unknown
+            // one throws before the range validates, as in Node.
+            const enc = encNode
+                ? bufEncodingArgument(lowerer, ".fill", encNode, "emptyUtf8", loc)
+                : { literal: "utf8" };
             const s = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(args[0], STRING);
-            const enc = { kind: "strLit", value: encName, type: STRING, loc };
-            return {
+            return withBufEncoding(lowerer, enc, loc, [receiver, s, ...idx], ([recv, sRef, ...idxRefs], encoding) => ({
                 kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
                 method: "fillStr",
-                receiver,
-                args: [s, enc, ...idx],
+                receiver: recv,
+                args: [sRef, encoding, ...idxRefs],
                 type: BYTES_U8,
                 loc,
-            };
+            }));
         }
         if (encNode)
             lowerer.noLowering(".fill with an encoding on a non-string value", encNode);
@@ -1694,6 +1965,28 @@ function lowerBufferInstanceMethod(lowerer, call, access, name, loc) {
     if (name === "copy") {
         if (nArgs < 1 || nArgs > 4)
             lowerer.noLowering(`.copy with ${nArgs} arguments`, call);
+        // Node's copyImpl accepts any ArrayBuffer view as the target and
+        // measures every offset in bytes over it, so a target of another
+        // element type runs as the checked-dynamic method, which re-views it
+        // over its bytes before the copy.
+        const targetIr = lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(args[0]));
+        if (targetIr?.kind === "bytes" && targetIr.elem !== "u8") {
+            const receiver = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(access.expression, BYTES_U8);
+            return {
+                kind: "dynCheck",
+                value: {
+                    kind: "dynInvoke",
+                    recv: { kind: "dynFrom", value: receiver, type: DYN, loc, liveRef: true },
+                    method: name,
+                    calleeName: ts.getTextOfNode(access),
+                    args: call.arguments.nodes.map((a) => lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(a, DYN)),
+                    type: DYN,
+                    loc,
+                },
+                type: F64,
+                loc,
+            };
+        }
         const target = u8Arg(0);
         const idx = call.arguments.nodes.slice(1).map((a) => lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(a, F64));
         const receiver = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(access.expression, BYTES_U8);
@@ -1719,33 +2012,41 @@ function lowerBufferInstanceMethod(lowerer, call, access, name, loc) {
         // (str, offset, length), (str, offset, length, enc).
         let encNode;
         let idxNodes = call.arguments.nodes.slice(1);
-        if (idxNodes.length > 0 && isStringArg(nArgs - 1)) {
+        if (idxNodes.length > 0 && isEncodingArg(nArgs - 1)) {
             encNode = idxNodes[idxNodes.length - 1];
             idxNodes = idxNodes.slice(0, -1);
         }
         if (idxNodes.length > 2)
             lowerer.noLowering(`.write with ${nArgs} arguments`, call);
-        const encName = encNode ? bufEncoding(lowerer, "Buffer.write", encNode) : "utf8";
+        // write reads an empty encoding as utf8 and throws on any other name
+        // Node does not know, after the offset and length validate.
+        const enc = encNode
+            ? bufEncodingArgument(lowerer, "Buffer.write", encNode, "emptyUtf8", loc)
+            : { literal: "utf8" };
         const s = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(args[0], STRING);
-        const enc = { kind: "strLit", value: encName, type: STRING, loc };
         const offset = idxNodes[0]
             ? lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(idxNodes[0], F64)
             : { kind: "numLit", value: 0, type: F64, loc };
-        const writeArgs = [
-            s,
-            enc,
-            offset,
-            ...(idxNodes[1] ? [lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(idxNodes[1], F64)] : []),
-        ];
         const receiver = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(access.expression, BYTES_U8);
-        return {
-            kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
-            method: "writeStr",
-            receiver,
-            args: writeArgs,
-            type: F64,
-            loc,
-        };
+        const length = idxNodes[1] ? lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(idxNodes[1], F64) : undefined;
+        // A run-time name stays raw: Node reports a bad offset or length before
+        // it looks the name up, so the runtime entry normalizes it afterwards.
+        return withBufEncoding(lowerer, enc, loc, [receiver, s, offset, ...(length ? [length] : [])], ([recv, sRef, offsetRef, lengthRef], encoding) => "literal" in enc
+            ? {
+                kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
+                method: "writeStr",
+                receiver: recv,
+                args: [sRef, encoding, offsetRef, ...(lengthRef ? [lengthRef] : [])],
+                type: F64,
+                loc,
+            }
+            : {
+                kind: "libCall",
+                fn: length ? "buffer.writeStrDynLen" : "buffer.writeStrDyn",
+                args: [recv, sRef, encoding, offsetRef, ...(lengthRef ? [lengthRef] : [])],
+                type: F64,
+                loc,
+            }, !("literal" in enc));
     }
     return null;
 }
@@ -2228,14 +2529,54 @@ function lowerBufferStaticValue(lowerer, call, access) {
         // the fresh buffer is the receiver of a whole-range fill.
         const fillT = lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(args[1]));
         if (fillT?.kind === "string") {
-            const encName = args[2] ? bufEncoding(lowerer, "Buffer.alloc", args[2]) : "utf8";
+            const enc = args[2]
+                ? bufEncodingArgument(lowerer, "Buffer.alloc", args[2], "emptyUtf8", loc)
+                : { literal: "utf8" };
             const s = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(args[1], STRING);
-            const enc = { kind: "strLit", value: encName, type: STRING, loc };
+            if ("literal" in enc) {
+                return withBufEncoding(lowerer, enc, loc, [size, s], ([sizeExpr, fillExpr], encoding) => ({
+                    kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
+                    method: "fillStr",
+                    receiver: { kind: "libCall", fn, args: [sizeExpr], type: BYTES_U8, loc },
+                    args: [fillExpr, encoding],
+                    type: BYTES_U8,
+                    loc,
+                }));
+            }
+            // Node allocates before _fill resolves the name, and runs no fill at
+            // all when the size is zero, so the normalization and its throw are
+            // inside the size > 0 branch.
+            const sizeLocal = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%allocSize", F64);
+            const fillLocal = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%allocFill", STRING);
+            const encLocal = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%bufferEncoding", STRING);
+            const sizeRef = varRef(sizeLocal.id, F64, loc);
+            const alloc = () => ({ kind: "libCall", fn, args: [sizeRef], type: BYTES_U8, loc });
+            const result = {
+                kind: "ternary",
+                cond: { kind: "bin", op: ">", left: sizeRef, right: numLit(0, loc), type: BOOL, loc },
+                then: {
+                    kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
+                    method: "fillStr",
+                    receiver: alloc(),
+                    args: [
+                        varRef(fillLocal.id, STRING, loc),
+                        normalizeBufEncoding({ raw: varRef(encLocal.id, STRING, loc), mode: enc.mode }, loc),
+                    ],
+                    type: BYTES_U8,
+                    loc,
+                },
+                else_: alloc(),
+                type: BYTES_U8,
+                loc,
+            };
             return {
-                kind: "bytesIntrinsic",
-                method: "fillStr",
-                receiver: fresh,
-                args: [s, enc],
+                kind: "seqExpr",
+                stmts: [
+                    { kind: "varDecl", localId: sizeLocal.id, init: size, loc },
+                    { kind: "varDecl", localId: fillLocal.id, init: s, loc },
+                    { kind: "varDecl", localId: encLocal.id, init: enc.raw, loc },
+                ],
+                result,
                 type: BYTES_U8,
                 loc,
             };
@@ -2420,26 +2761,31 @@ function lowerBufferStaticValue(lowerer, call, access) {
         if (args.length >= 1 && args.length <= 2 && !ts.isSpreadElement(args[0])) {
             const srcIr = lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(args[0]));
             if (srcIr?.kind === "string") {
-                const encName = args[1] ? bufEncoding(lowerer, "Buffer.byteLength", args[1]) : "utf8";
+                // Node reads an unknown or empty name as utf8 here, without throwing.
+                const enc = args[1]
+                    ? bufEncodingArgument(lowerer, "Buffer.byteLength", args[1], "utf8Fallback", loc)
+                    : { literal: "utf8" };
                 const s = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(args[0], STRING);
-                const enc = { kind: "strLit", value: encName, type: STRING, loc };
-                return { kind: "libCall", fn: "buffer.byteLenStr", args: [s, enc], type: F64, loc };
-            }
-            if ((srcIr === null || srcIr.kind === "dyn") &&
-                (!args[1] || ts.isStringLiteralLike(args[1]))) {
-                const encoding = {
-                    kind: "strLit",
-                    value: args[1] ? bufEncoding(lowerer, "Buffer.byteLength", args[1]) : "utf8",
-                    type: STRING,
+                return withBufEncoding(lowerer, enc, loc, [s], ([sRef], encoding) => ({
+                    kind: "libCall",
+                    fn: "buffer.byteLenStr",
+                    args: [sRef, encoding],
+                    type: F64,
                     loc,
-                };
-                return {
+                }));
+            }
+            if (srcIr === null || srcIr.kind === "dyn") {
+                const enc = args[1]
+                    ? bufEncodingArgument(lowerer, "Buffer.byteLength", args[1], "utf8Fallback", loc)
+                    : { literal: "utf8" };
+                const source = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(args[0], DYN);
+                return withBufEncoding(lowerer, enc, loc, [source], ([srcRef], encoding) => ({
                     kind: "libCall",
                     fn: "buffer.byteLenDyn",
-                    args: [lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(args[0], DYN), encoding],
+                    args: [srcRef, encoding],
                     type: F64,
                     loc,
-                };
+                }));
             }
             if (srcIr?.kind === "bytes" && args.length === 1) {
                 const receiver = lowerer.lowerExpr(args[0]);
@@ -2516,10 +2862,24 @@ export function lowerBufferPrototypeMember(lowerer, expr) {
         : lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(expr.argumentExpression, DYN);
     return { kind: "libCall", fn: "buffer.prototypeMember", args: [key], type: DYN, loc };
 }
+/** `Buffer.prototype` read as a value in JavaScript (`const p =
+ * Buffer.prototype; p[\`write${name}\`]`, Object.getOwnPropertyNames over it):
+ * the object scr_buffer_prototype_object answers. Null for other
+ * expressions, and for `Buffer.prototype.<name>` and
+ * `Buffer.prototype[key]`, which lowerBufferPrototypeMember answers. */
+export function lowerBufferPrototypeObject(lowerer, expr) {
+    if (expr.questionDotToken ||
+        expr.name.text !== "prototype" ||
+        !isJsSourceFile(expr.getSourceFile()) ||
+        stdlibGlobalNameOf(lowerer, expr.expression) !== "Buffer")
+        return null;
+    return { kind: "libCall", fn: "buffer.prototypeObject", args: [], type: DYN, loc: locOf(expr) };
+}
 const BUFFER_VALUE_FNS = new Set([
     "buffer.constructor",
     "buffer.staticValue",
     "buffer.prototypeMember",
+    "buffer.prototypeObject",
 ]);
 /** A program that reads the Buffer function's value installs it in %main,
  * so a Buffer's `.constructor` answers the same function. */