@schlessera/brain-ui-server 0.13.1 → 0.15.0

package/src/agent/backend.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,5 @@
 import { createRequire } from "module";
-import {
-  createClaudeBackend,
-  createModelSource,
-  defineProfiles,
-  type InferenceProfile,
-  type InferenceProfileInput,
-  type ModelSource,
-} from "@schlessera/brain-backend-claude";
-import { getHiddenModelIds } from "../db/settings.js";
+import type { AgentConfig } from "../config/env.js";
 import type { ProviderInfo } from "@schlessera/brain-ui-sdk";
 import type {
   AgentBackend,
@@ -15,9 +7,15 @@ import type {
 } from "@schlessera/brain-ui-sdk/server";
 
 /**
- * Backend registry for the deployment. Claude is always available.
- * `AGENT_BACKEND=pi` retains the legacy single-backend deployment mode when the
- * optional pi package is installed.
+ * Backend registry for one app instance. Built by `createApp()` from the
+ * resolved configuration — no ambient environment and no module-level state,
+ * so two apps with different backend configuration coexist in one process and
+ * tests install fakes by constructing a registry, not by mutating a module.
+ *
+ * BOTH backend packages are optional peers loaded lazily (the same
+ * `createRequire` path): a deployment installs the one its AGENT_BACKEND
+ * names, and the other never has to be present — at runtime AND at
+ * type-check time (see the structural mirrors below).
  *
  * The old five hardcoded personal inference profiles are gone: the Claude
  * backend ships the single "claude" default, and additional Anthropic-compatible
@@ -25,16 +23,163 @@ import type {
  * .env.example) rather than in code.
  */
 
-const BRAIN_PATH =
-  process.env.BRAIN_PATH || `${process.env.HOME || "/root"}/brain`;
+/*
+ * Structural mirrors of @schlessera/brain-backend-claude.
+ *
+ * Both backend packages are optional peers, and NOTHING here may reference
+ * their specifiers — not even in a type position. A type import (or a
+ * `typeof import(...)`) is resolved by TypeScript, so it would either survive
+ * into the emitted `.d.ts` (breaking the `types`-condition consumer) or, once
+ * scrubbed there, still break the `bun`-condition consumer whose tsconfig
+ * follows `src/index.ts` (this repo's own root tsconfig does exactly that).
+ * Either way a pi-only TypeScript deployment would need the Claude package —
+ * and its Anthropic Agent SDK — installed just to typecheck. Half of F1
+ * undone.
+ *
+ * So the slice of the Claude module this registry drives is mirrored here by
+ * hand, in exchange for two mechanical guards in
+ * tests/declaration-surface.test.ts: type-level assertions that the REAL
+ * module (tests may import it; only src must stay clean) is assignable to
+ * these mirrors — so drift fails the build — and a scan proving no backend
+ * specifier appears anywhere under src/ or in any emitted declaration.
+ * Function members are property-style on purpose: strictFunctionTypes checks
+ * them contravariantly, where method syntax would be bivariant and let an
+ * incompatible drift slide.
+ */
+
+/** Mirror of the Claude package's `InferenceProfileInput` (declarative shape). */
+export interface ClaudeProfileInput {
+  id: string;
+  label: string;
+  vendor?: string;
+  /** Model id. Undefined = the SDK/CLI default model. */
+  model?: string;
+  /** Anthropic-compatible endpoint. */
+  baseUrl?: string;
+  /** Name of the env var holding a bearer token. */
+  authTokenEnv?: string;
+  /** Name of the env var holding an x-api-key. */
+  apiKeyEnv?: string;
+  /** Remap the CLI's model-alias envs to `model`. Requires `model`. */
+  modelAliases?: boolean;
+  allowedTools?: string[];
+  /** Context window in tokens, when known. Presentation only. */
+  contextWindow?: number;
+  /** Where this profile came from. Presentation only. */
+  source?: "builtin" | "declared" | "discovered";
+}
+
+/** Mirror of the Claude package's resolved `InferenceProfile`. */
+export interface ClaudeProfile {
+  id: string;
+  label: string;
+  vendor?: string;
+  model?: string;
+  allowedTools?: string[];
+  contextWindow?: number;
+  source?: "builtin" | "declared" | "discovered";
+  /** Env vars that must be present (non-empty) for this profile to be usable. */
+  requiredEnvKeys: string[];
+  /** Environment overrides merged over the host environment. */
+  buildEnv: () => Record<string, string>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The slice of the lazily-required Claude module this registry drives. The
+ * real module carries more (and looser-optional) options; assignability is
+ * asserted in tests/declaration-surface.test.ts.
+ */
+export interface ClaudeBackendModule {
+  createClaudeBackend: (options: {
+    brainPath: string;
+    claudeCodePath?: string;
+    profiles?: ClaudeProfile[] | (() => ClaudeProfile[]);
+  }) => AgentBackend;
+  createModelSource: (options: {
+    brainPath: string;
+    ttlMs?: number;
+    enabled?: boolean;
+  }) => ClaudeModelSource;
+  defineProfiles: (inputs: ClaudeProfileInput[]) => ClaudeProfile[];
+}
+
+/** Discovery source as the registry internals see it: the public slice + list(). */
+export interface ClaudeModelSource extends ModelDiscoverySource {
+  list: () => ClaudeProfileInput[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Discovery freshness, as exposed on the public registry surface.
+ *
+ * `list()` is omitted on purpose — it returns Claude profile inputs, only the
+ * registry internals consume it (see {@link ClaudeModelSource}), and exposing
+ * it would put those types on every consumer's plate for no reader.
+ */
+export interface ModelDiscoveryState {
+  enabled: boolean;
+  /** When discovery last succeeded; null when it never has. */
+  refreshedAt: number | null;
+  /** The cached result is older than the TTL (or absent). */
+  stale: boolean;
+  /** Last discovery failure, if the current list is served despite one. */
+  error?: string;
+}
 
-// The Claude Code native binary is not in node_modules — it is installed via
-// the official curl-bash installer (~/.local/bin/claude, symlinked to
-// /usr/local/bin/claude in the container). The Agent SDK can't always
-// auto-discover it, so hand it the explicit path; override with CLAUDE_CODE_PATH.
-const CLAUDE_CODE_PATH = process.env.CLAUDE_CODE_PATH || "/usr/local/bin/claude";
+/** The slice of the Claude backend's discovery source the routes consume. */
+export interface ModelDiscoverySource {
+  state(): ModelDiscoveryState;
+  /** Refresh if stale. Awaits only when there is nothing cached to serve. */
+  ensureFresh(): Promise<void>;
+  /** Force a refresh regardless of TTL. Rejects on failure. */
+  refresh(): Promise<void>;
+}
 
-interface BackendRegistry {
+export interface BackendRegistryOptions {
+  /** Where the brain repo lives (handed to every backend). */
+  brainPath: string;
+  /** Resolved agent configuration (AGENT_BACKEND, profiles, discovery...). */
+  agent: AgentConfig;
+  /**
+   * Profile ids the user keeps out of the model picker (from the app's
+   * settings table). Presentation only — a hidden profile still resolves for
+   * sessions pinned to it. Defaults to "nothing hidden".
+   */
+  getHiddenModelIds?: () => string[];
+}
+
+export interface BackendRegistry {
+  /** All configured backends, with the default backend first. */
+  getBackends(): Promise<AgentBackend[]>;
+  /** Find a configured backend by its stable id. */
+  getBackendById(id: string): Promise<AgentBackend | undefined>;
+  /** The default backend used for new and legacy sessions. */
+  getDefaultBackend(): Promise<AgentBackend>;
+  /** The stable id of the default backend. */
+  getDefaultBackendId(): Promise<string>;
+  /** Resolve the backend that owns a globally unique profile id. */
+  getBackendForProfile(profileId: string): Promise<AgentBackend | undefined>;
+  /** Resolve a persisted backend id, falling back for legacy/unknown sessions. */
+  getBackendForSession(backendId: string | null | undefined): Promise<AgentBackend>;
+  /**
+   * Every available profile, tagged with its owning backend id. Hidden
+   * profiles are omitted by default (this feeds the picker); the settings
+   * screen passes `includeHidden` to render the full catalog.
+   */
+  listAllProviders(options?: { includeHidden?: boolean }): Promise<ProviderInfo[]>;
+  /** Per-backend capability metadata exposed by the providers route. */
+  getBackendsInfo(): Promise<
+    Record<string, { id: string; capabilities: BackendCapabilities }>
+  >;
+  /**
+   * The Claude backend's discovery source, once the registry is built. Null
+   * when discovery is disabled or the deployment runs a different backend.
+   */
+  getModelSource(): Promise<ModelDiscoverySource | null>;
+  /** Drop the profile memo so the next read reflects a refresh or settings change. */
+  invalidateProfiles(): void;
+}
+
+interface RegistrySnapshot {
   backends: AgentBackend[];
   byId: Map<string, AgentBackend>;
   defaultBackendId: string;
@@ -53,14 +198,10 @@ interface ProfileSnapshot {
 
 const PROFILE_MEMO_MS = 5_000;
 
-let cachedRegistry: Promise<BackendRegistry> | null = null;
-let profileSnapshot: ProfileSnapshot | null = null;
-let modelSource: ModelSource | null = null;
-
-async function createRegistry(
+function buildSnapshot(
   backends: AgentBackend[],
   defaultBackendId: string
-): Promise<BackendRegistry> {
+): RegistrySnapshot {
   if (backends.length === 0) {
     throw new Error("Backend registry requires at least one backend.");
   }
@@ -77,367 +218,395 @@ async function createRegistry(
   return { backends: ordered, byId, defaultBackendId: resolvedDefaultId };
 }
 
-/** Recompute the profile roster (memoized), asserting cross-backend id uniqueness. */
-async function getProfileSnapshot(): Promise<ProfileSnapshot> {
-  if (profileSnapshot && Date.now() - profileSnapshot.at < PROFILE_MEMO_MS) {
-    return profileSnapshot;
-  }
 
-  const registry = await getRegistry();
-  const byBackend = new Map<string, ProviderInfo[]>();
-  const owners = new Map<string, string>();
+const BACKEND_SPECIFIERS = {
+  claude: "@schlessera/brain-backend-claude",
+  pi: "@schlessera/brain-backend-pi",
+} as const;
 
-  for (const backend of registry.backends) {
-    const profiles = await backend.listProfiles();
-    byBackend.set(backend.id, profiles);
-    for (const profile of profiles) {
-      const owner = owners.get(profile.id);
-      if (owner && owner !== backend.id) {
-        throw new Error(
-          `Profile id collision across backends: "${profile.id}" is exposed by "${owner}" and "${backend.id}".`
-        );
-      }
-      owners.set(profile.id, backend.id);
-    }
-  }
-
-  profileSnapshot = { at: Date.now(), byBackend, owners };
-  return profileSnapshot;
-}
-
-/** Drop the memo so the next read reflects a refresh or a settings change. */
-export function invalidateProfiles(): void {
-  profileSnapshot = null;
+function unknownBackendError(primary: string): Error {
+  return new Error(
+    `AGENT_BACKEND="${primary}" does not match any configured backend ` +
+      `(expected "claude" or "pi").`
+  );
 }
 
-/**
- * The Claude backend's discovery source, once the registry is built. Null when
- * discovery is disabled or the deployment runs a different backend.
- */
-export async function getModelSource(): Promise<ModelSource | null> {
-  await getRegistry();
-  return modelSource;
+function missingBackendError(primary: "claude" | "pi"): Error {
+  if (primary === "pi") {
+    return new Error(
+      'AGENT_BACKEND=pi but "@schlessera/brain-backend-pi" is not installed. ' +
+        "Add it (with its pi SDK dependencies) or set AGENT_BACKEND=claude."
+    );
+  }
+  return new Error(
+    `AGENT_BACKEND=${primary} but "@schlessera/brain-backend-claude" is not installed. ` +
+      "Add it (it carries the Claude Agent SDK) or set AGENT_BACKEND=pi."
+  );
 }
 
 /**
- * Hidden profile ids, from the settings table. Presentation only — a hidden
- * profile still resolves for sessions pinned to it. A db read failure must not
- * take the picker down, so it degrades to "nothing hidden".
+ * Boot-time guard: the SELECTED backend's package must at least RESOLVE, so a
+ * broken install refuses to start instead of reporting healthy and failing
+ * every agent turn (the guarantee the old static import gave, restored without
+ * giving up the lazy load — `require.resolve` never executes the module, so
+ * the Agent SDK still loads on first use only). Called by `createApp()` next
+ * to the auth assertions; skipped when an explicit registry is injected.
+ *
+ * An unrecognized AGENT_BACKEND fails here too, for the same reason.
+ *
+ * The `resolve` parameter exists for tests (simulating an absent package);
+ * production callers pass nothing.
  */
-function hiddenIds(): Set<string> {
+export function assertBackendResolvable(
+  agent: AgentConfig,
+  resolve: (specifier: string) => void = (specifier) => {
+    createRequire(import.meta.url).resolve(specifier);
+  }
+): void {
+  const primary = agent.backend || "claude";
+  if (!(primary in BACKEND_SPECIFIERS)) throw unknownBackendError(primary);
+  const key = primary as keyof typeof BACKEND_SPECIFIERS;
   try {
-    return new Set(getHiddenModelIds());
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.warn(
-      `[models] Could not read hidden models: ${
-        err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
-      }`
-    );
-    return new Set();
+    resolve(BACKEND_SPECIFIERS[key]);
+  } catch {
+    throw missingBackendError(key);
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * Model discovery is on unless explicitly disabled — except under a test
- * runner, where the default flips to off: discovery is a live call to the
- * Anthropic API, and a suite that silently depends on network access (and on
- * whatever credentials the developer happens to have exported) is flaky by
- * construction. Tests that want it set BRAIN_UI_MODEL_DISCOVERY=1 explicitly.
- */
-function modelDiscoveryEnabled(): boolean {
-  const raw = process.env.BRAIN_UI_MODEL_DISCOVERY?.trim().toLowerCase();
-  if (raw) return !(raw === "0" || raw === "off" || raw === "false");
-  return process.env.NODE_ENV !== "test";
-}
+export function createBackendRegistry(
+  options: BackendRegistryOptions
+): BackendRegistry {
+  const { brainPath, agent } = options;
+  const getHidden = options.getHiddenModelIds ?? (() => []);
+
+  let cachedRegistry: Promise<RegistrySnapshot> | null = null;
+  let modelSource: ClaudeModelSource | null = null;
+
+  /**
+   * Declared profiles (built-in default + BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES) plus every
+   * discovered model whose id isn't already declared. Declared wins: the env
+   * stays an override mechanism, and a hand-pinned entry keeps its label and
+   * endpoint.
+   *
+   * Memoized on the discovered array's identity — `createModelSource` swaps the
+   * array only on a successful refresh, so steady state is one comparison.
+   */
+  let mergeCache: {
+    declared: ClaudeProfile[];
+    discovered: ClaudeProfileInput[];
+    result: ClaudeProfile[];
+  } | null = null;
+
+  function mergeDiscovered(
+    claude: ClaudeBackendModule,
+    declared: ClaudeProfile[],
+    discovered: ClaudeProfileInput[]
+  ): ClaudeProfile[] {
+    if (
+      mergeCache &&
+      mergeCache.declared === declared &&
+      mergeCache.discovered === discovered
+    ) {
+      return mergeCache.result;
+    }
 
-/** How long a discovery result stays fresh. Default 24h. */
-function modelTtlMs(): number {
-  const raw = Number(process.env.BRAIN_UI_MODEL_TTL_HOURS);
-  const hours = Number.isFinite(raw) && raw > 0 ? raw : 24;
-  return hours * 60 * 60 * 1000;
-}
+    const declaredIds = new Set(declared.map((profile) => profile.id));
+    const extra = discovered.filter((input) => !declaredIds.has(input.id));
+    const result = [...declared, ...claude.defineProfiles(extra)];
+    mergeCache = { declared, discovered, result };
+    return result;
+  }
 
-/**
- * Declared profiles (built-in default + BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES) plus every
- * discovered model whose id isn't already declared. Declared wins: the env stays
- * an override mechanism, and a hand-pinned entry keeps its label and endpoint.
- *
- * Memoized on the discovered array's identity — `createModelSource` swaps the
- * array only on a successful refresh, so steady state is one comparison.
- */
-let mergeCache: {
-  declared: InferenceProfile[];
-  discovered: InferenceProfileInput[];
-  result: InferenceProfile[];
-} | null = null;
-
-function mergeDiscovered(
-  declared: InferenceProfile[],
-  discovered: InferenceProfileInput[]
-): InferenceProfile[] {
-  if (
-    mergeCache &&
-    mergeCache.declared === declared &&
-    mergeCache.discovered === discovered
-  ) {
-    return mergeCache.result;
+  // The built-in default profile's model. The Claude backend historically
+  // pinned the default to a specific model; after the SDK extraction the pin
+  // was lost and resumed default-profile sessions drifted to "whatever the CLI
+  // defaults to", silently changing model/behaviour/billing on every CLI bump.
+  // Re-pin it (a committed default, overridable per deploy via
+  // BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_DEFAULT_MODEL) so the default stays on a known model.
+  function builtinDefaultProfiles(claude: ClaudeBackendModule): ClaudeProfile[] {
+    return claude.defineProfiles([
+      {
+        id: "claude",
+        label: "Claude",
+        vendor: "anthropic",
+        model: agent.defaultModel,
+        modelAliases: true,
+        source: "builtin",
+      },
+    ]);
   }
 
-  const declaredIds = new Set(declared.map((profile) => profile.id));
-  const extra = discovered.filter((input) => !declaredIds.has(input.id));
-  const result = [...declared, ...defineProfiles(extra)];
-  mergeCache = { declared, discovered, result };
-  return result;
-}
+  /**
+   * The Claude roster: the pinned built-in "claude" default first, plus any
+   * extra profiles from BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES (a JSON array of profile
+   * inputs: {id,label,model?,baseUrl?,authTokenEnv?,apiKeyEnv?,modelAliases?}).
+   *
+   * A malformed or duplicate-id roster THROWS — caught at boot by the registry
+   * fail-fast — rather than silently degrading to default-only and rebilling
+   * every pinned session to the subscription with nothing in the logs.
+   */
+  function loadClaudeProfiles(claude: ClaudeBackendModule): ClaudeProfile[] {
+    const base = builtinDefaultProfiles(claude);
+    const raw = agent.profilesJson;
+    if (!raw) return base;
+
+    let inputs: unknown;
+    try {
+      inputs = JSON.parse(raw);
+    } catch (err) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES is not valid JSON: ${
+          err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
+        }`
+      );
+    }
+    if (!Array.isArray(inputs)) {
+      throw new Error("BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES must be a JSON array.");
+    }
 
-async function buildRegistry(): Promise<BackendRegistry> {
-  const primary = (process.env.AGENT_BACKEND || "claude")
-    .trim()
-    .toLowerCase();
+    // Reject duplicate ids (including collisions with the built-in "claude"): a
+    // duplicate silently shadows and can resolve to the wrong credentials.
+    const seen = new Set(base.map((profile) => profile.id));
+    for (const input of inputs as ClaudeProfileInput[]) {
+      if (!input || typeof input.id !== "string" || input.id.length === 0) {
+        throw new Error(
+          "Each BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES entry needs a non-empty string id."
+        );
+      }
+      if (seen.has(input.id)) {
+        throw new Error(
+          `Duplicate profile id in BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES: "${input.id}".`
+        );
+      }
+      seen.add(input.id);
+    }
 
-  if (primary === "pi") {
-    const pi = buildPiBackend();
-    return createRegistry([pi], pi.id);
+    const declared = (inputs as ClaudeProfileInput[]).map((input) => ({
+      source: "declared" as const,
+      ...input,
+    }));
+    return [...base, ...claude.defineProfiles(declared)];
   }
 
-  // Declared profiles are resolved EAGERLY so a malformed
-  // BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES still fails at boot rather than on first request.
-  const declared = loadClaudeProfiles();
-
-  modelSource = createModelSource({
-    brainPath: BRAIN_PATH,
-    enabled: modelDiscoveryEnabled(),
-    ttlMs: modelTtlMs(),
-  });
+  /**
+   * NEITHER backend package is a hard dependency — a deployment installs the
+   * one its AGENT_BACKEND names (both, if it switches). Loaded lazily through
+   * the same `createRequire` path so the server still boots without the unused
+   * one; when the configured backend's package is absent, fail with an
+   * actionable message.
+   */
+  function buildClaudeBackend(): AgentBackend {
+    const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+    let claude: ClaudeBackendModule;
+    try {
+      claude = require("@schlessera/brain-backend-claude");
+    } catch {
+      throw missingBackendError("claude");
+    }
+    if (typeof claude.createClaudeBackend !== "function") {
+      throw new Error(
+        '"@schlessera/brain-backend-claude" does not export createClaudeBackend.'
+      );
+    }
 
-  const claude = createClaudeBackend({
-    brainPath: BRAIN_PATH,
-    claudeCodePath: CLAUDE_CODE_PATH,
-    // A function, not an array: discovery refreshes in the background and the
-    // new roster has to be visible without restarting the process.
-    profiles: () => mergeDiscovered(declared, modelSource?.list() ?? []),
-  });
-  const backends = [claude];
-
-  // AGENT_BACKEND must name a configured backend. The in-process options are
-  // "claude" (default) and "pi" (handled above). An unrecognized value is a
-  // misconfiguration — fail loudly instead of silently coercing to claude and
-  // running on the wrong backend with nothing in the logs.
-  if (process.env.AGENT_BACKEND && !backends.some((b) => b.id === primary)) {
-    throw new Error(
-      `AGENT_BACKEND="${primary}" does not match any configured backend ` +
-        `(expected "claude" or "pi").`
-    );
+    // Declared profiles are resolved EAGERLY so a malformed
+    // BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES still fails at boot rather than on first request.
+    const declared = loadClaudeProfiles(claude);
+
+    modelSource = claude.createModelSource({
+      brainPath,
+      enabled: agent.modelDiscovery,
+      ttlMs: agent.modelTtlMs,
+    });
+
+    return claude.createClaudeBackend({
+      brainPath,
+      claudeCodePath: agent.claudeCodePath,
+      // A function, not an array: discovery refreshes in the background and the
+      // new roster has to be visible without restarting the process.
+      profiles: () =>
+        mergeDiscovered(claude, declared, modelSource?.list() ?? []),
+    });
   }
-  return createRegistry(backends, primary);
-}
-
-async function getRegistry(): Promise<BackendRegistry> {
-  if (!cachedRegistry) cachedRegistry = buildRegistry();
-  return cachedRegistry;
-}
 
-/** All configured backends, with the default backend first. */
-export async function getBackends(): Promise<AgentBackend[]> {
-  return (await getRegistry()).backends;
-}
+  function buildPiBackend(): AgentBackend {
+    const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+    let mod: { createPiBackend?: (opts: { brainPath: string }) => AgentBackend };
+    try {
+      mod = require("@schlessera/brain-backend-pi");
+    } catch {
+      throw missingBackendError("pi");
+    }
+    if (typeof mod.createPiBackend !== "function") {
+      throw new Error(
+        '"@schlessera/brain-backend-pi" does not export createPiBackend.'
+      );
+    }
+    return mod.createPiBackend({ brainPath });
+  }
 
-/** Find a configured backend by its stable id. */
-export async function getBackendById(
-  id: string
-): Promise<AgentBackend | undefined> {
-  return (await getRegistry()).byId.get(id);
-}
+  async function buildRegistry(): Promise<RegistrySnapshot> {
+    const primary = agent.backend || "claude";
 
-/** The default backend used for new and legacy sessions. */
-export async function getDefaultBackend(): Promise<AgentBackend> {
-  const registry = await getRegistry();
-  return registry.byId.get(registry.defaultBackendId)!;
-}
+    if (primary === "pi") {
+      const pi = buildPiBackend();
+      return buildSnapshot([pi], pi.id);
+    }
 
-/** The stable id of the default backend. */
-export async function getDefaultBackendId(): Promise<string> {
-  return (await getRegistry()).defaultBackendId;
-}
+    const backends = [buildClaudeBackend()];
 
-/** Resolve the backend that owns a globally unique profile id. */
-export async function getBackendForProfile(
-  profileId: string
-): Promise<AgentBackend | undefined> {
-  const registry = await getRegistry();
-  // Deliberately resolved against the UNFILTERED roster: a session pinned to a
-  // profile the user later hid must keep running.
-  const snapshot = await getProfileSnapshot();
-  const backendId = snapshot.owners.get(profileId);
-  return backendId ? registry.byId.get(backendId) : undefined;
-}
+    // AGENT_BACKEND must name a configured backend. The in-process options are
+    // "claude" (default) and "pi" (handled above). An unrecognized value is a
+    // misconfiguration — fail loudly instead of silently coercing to claude and
+    // running on the wrong backend with nothing in the logs.
+    if (agent.backend && !backends.some((b) => b.id === primary)) {
+      throw unknownBackendError(primary);
+    }
+    return buildSnapshot(backends, primary);
+  }
 
-/** Resolve a persisted backend id, falling back for legacy/unknown sessions. */
-export async function getBackendForSession(
-  backendId: string | null | undefined
-): Promise<AgentBackend> {
-  if (backendId) {
-    const backend = await getBackendById(backendId);
-    if (backend) return backend;
+  async function getRegistry(): Promise<RegistrySnapshot> {
+    if (!cachedRegistry) cachedRegistry = buildRegistry();
+    return cachedRegistry;
   }
-  return getDefaultBackend();
+
+  return makeRegistry(getRegistry, getHidden, async () => {
+    await getRegistry();
+    return modelSource;
+  });
 }
 
 /**
- * Every available profile, tagged with its owning backend id.
- *
- * Hidden profiles are omitted by default (this feeds the picker); the settings
- * screen passes `includeHidden` to render the full catalog.
+ * A registry over an explicit backend list — the seam tests (and embedders
+ * with their own backend wiring) use instead of mutating module state. Takes
+ * the same optional hidden-ids reader so visibility behavior matches
+ * production.
  */
-export async function listAllProviders(
-  options: { includeHidden?: boolean } = {}
-): Promise<ProviderInfo[]> {
-  const registry = await getRegistry();
-  const snapshot = await getProfileSnapshot();
-  const hidden = options.includeHidden ? new Set<string>() : hiddenIds();
-
-  return registry.backends.flatMap((backend) =>
-    (snapshot.byBackend.get(backend.id) ?? [])
-      .filter((profile) => !hidden.has(profile.id))
-      .map((profile) => ({ ...profile, backendId: backend.id }))
+export function createStaticBackendRegistry(
+  backends: AgentBackend[],
+  defaultBackendId = backends[0]?.id ?? "",
+  options: { getHiddenModelIds?: () => string[] } = {}
+): BackendRegistry {
+  const snapshot = buildSnapshot(backends, defaultBackendId);
+  return makeRegistry(
+    async () => snapshot,
+    options.getHiddenModelIds ?? (() => []),
+    async () => null
   );
 }
 
-/** Per-backend capability metadata exposed by the providers route. */
-export async function getBackendsInfo(): Promise<
-  Record<string, { id: string; capabilities: BackendCapabilities }>
-> {
-  const backends = await getBackends();
-  return Object.fromEntries(
-    backends.map((backend) => [
-      backend.id,
-      { id: backend.id, capabilities: backend.capabilities },
-    ])
-  );
-}
+/** The accessor surface, shared by the config-driven and static registries. */
+function makeRegistry(
+  getRegistry: () => Promise<RegistrySnapshot>,
+  getHidden: () => string[],
+  getModelSource: () => Promise<ModelDiscoverySource | null>
+): BackendRegistry {
+  let profileSnapshot: ProfileSnapshot | null = null;
+
+  /** Recompute the profile roster (memoized), asserting cross-backend id uniqueness. */
+  async function getProfileSnapshot(): Promise<ProfileSnapshot> {
+    if (profileSnapshot && Date.now() - profileSnapshot.at < PROFILE_MEMO_MS) {
+      return profileSnapshot;
+    }
 
-/** @deprecated Use getDefaultBackend() or a routing-specific accessor. */
-export async function getBackend(): Promise<AgentBackend> {
-  return getDefaultBackend();
-}
+    const registry = await getRegistry();
+    const byBackend = new Map<string, ProviderInfo[]>();
+    const owners = new Map<string, string>();
+
+    for (const backend of registry.backends) {
+      const profiles = await backend.listProfiles();
+      byBackend.set(backend.id, profiles);
+      for (const profile of profiles) {
+        const owner = owners.get(profile.id);
+        if (owner && owner !== backend.id) {
+          throw new Error(
+            `Profile id collision across backends: "${profile.id}" is exposed by "${owner}" and "${backend.id}".`
+          );
+        }
+        owners.set(profile.id, backend.id);
+      }
+    }
 
-/** Test seam: drop the cached registry so later access rebuilds from env. */
-export function resetBackendForTests(): void {
-  cachedRegistry = null;
-  profileSnapshot = null;
-  modelSource = null;
-}
+    profileSnapshot = { at: Date.now(), byBackend, owners };
+    return profileSnapshot;
+  }
 
-/** Test seam: install one fake backend as the complete registry. */
-export function setBackendForTests(backend: AgentBackend): void {
-  cachedRegistry = createRegistry([backend], backend.id);
-  profileSnapshot = null;
-}
+  /** A settings read failure must not take the picker down — degrade to "nothing hidden". */
+  function hiddenIds(): Set<string> {
+    try {
+      return new Set(getHidden());
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.warn(
+        `[models] Could not read hidden models: ${
+          err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
+        }`
+      );
+      return new Set();
+    }
+  }
 
-/** Test seam: install a complete fake registry with an explicit default. */
-export function setBackendsForTests(
-  backends: AgentBackend[],
-  defaultBackendId = backends[0]?.id ?? ""
-): void {
-  cachedRegistry = createRegistry(backends, defaultBackendId);
-  profileSnapshot = null;
-}
+  return {
+    async getBackends() {
+      return (await getRegistry()).backends;
+    },
 
-// The built-in default profile's model. The Claude backend historically pinned
-// the default to a specific model; after the SDK extraction the pin was lost and
-// resumed default-profile sessions drifted to "whatever the CLI defaults to",
-// silently changing model/behaviour/billing on every CLI bump. Re-pin it here
-// (a committed default, overridable per deploy via BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_DEFAULT_MODEL)
-// so the default stays on a known model.
-const BUILTIN_DEFAULT_MODEL =
-  process.env.BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_DEFAULT_MODEL?.trim() || "claude-sonnet-4-6";
-
-function builtinDefaultProfiles(): InferenceProfile[] {
-  return defineProfiles([
-    {
-      id: "claude",
-      label: "Claude",
-      vendor: "anthropic",
-      model: BUILTIN_DEFAULT_MODEL,
-      modelAliases: true,
-      source: "builtin",
+    async getBackendById(id) {
+      return (await getRegistry()).byId.get(id);
     },
-  ]);
-}
 
-/**
- * The Claude roster: the pinned built-in "claude" default first, plus any extra
- * profiles from BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES (a JSON array of InferenceProfileInput
- * {id,label,model?,baseUrl?,authTokenEnv?,apiKeyEnv?,modelAliases?}).
- *
- * A malformed or duplicate-id roster THROWS — caught at boot by the registry
- * fail-fast — rather than silently degrading to default-only and rebilling
- * every pinned session to the subscription with nothing in the logs.
- */
-function loadClaudeProfiles(): InferenceProfile[] {
-  const base = builtinDefaultProfiles();
-  const raw = process.env.BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES?.trim();
-  if (!raw) return base;
+    async getDefaultBackend() {
+      const registry = await getRegistry();
+      return registry.byId.get(registry.defaultBackendId)!;
+    },
 
-  let inputs: unknown;
-  try {
-    inputs = JSON.parse(raw);
-  } catch (err) {
-    throw new Error(
-      `BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES is not valid JSON: ${
-        err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
-      }`
-    );
-  }
-  if (!Array.isArray(inputs)) {
-    throw new Error("BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES must be a JSON array.");
-  }
+    async getDefaultBackendId() {
+      return (await getRegistry()).defaultBackendId;
+    },
 
-  // Reject duplicate ids (including collisions with the built-in "claude"): a
-  // duplicate silently shadows and can resolve to the wrong credentials.
-  const seen = new Set(base.map((profile) => profile.id));
-  for (const input of inputs as InferenceProfileInput[]) {
-    if (!input || typeof input.id !== "string" || input.id.length === 0) {
-      throw new Error(
-        "Each BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES entry needs a non-empty string id."
+    async getBackendForProfile(profileId) {
+      const registry = await getRegistry();
+      // Deliberately resolved against the UNFILTERED roster: a session pinned
+      // to a profile the user later hid must keep running.
+      const snapshot = await getProfileSnapshot();
+      const backendId = snapshot.owners.get(profileId);
+      return backendId ? registry.byId.get(backendId) : undefined;
+    },
+
+    async getBackendForSession(backendId) {
+      const registry = await getRegistry();
+      if (backendId) {
+        const backend = registry.byId.get(backendId);
+        if (backend) return backend;
+      }
+      return registry.byId.get(registry.defaultBackendId)!;
+    },
+
+    async listAllProviders(options = {}) {
+      const registry = await getRegistry();
+      const snapshot = await getProfileSnapshot();
+      const hidden = options.includeHidden ? new Set<string>() : hiddenIds();
+
+      return registry.backends.flatMap((backend) =>
+        (snapshot.byBackend.get(backend.id) ?? [])
+          .filter((profile) => !hidden.has(profile.id))
+          .map((profile) => ({ ...profile, backendId: backend.id }))
       );
-    }
-    if (seen.has(input.id)) {
-      throw new Error(
-        `Duplicate profile id in BRAIN_UI_CLAUDE_PROFILES: "${input.id}".`
+    },
+
+    async getBackendsInfo() {
+      const backends = (await getRegistry()).backends;
+      return Object.fromEntries(
+        backends.map((backend) => [
+          backend.id,
+          { id: backend.id, capabilities: backend.capabilities },
+        ])
       );
-    }
-    seen.add(input.id);
-  }
+    },
 
-  const declared = (inputs as InferenceProfileInput[]).map((input) => ({
-    source: "declared" as const,
-    ...input,
-  }));
-  return [...base, ...defineProfiles(declared)];
-}
+    getModelSource,
 
-/**
- * Optional pi backend. @schlessera/brain-backend-pi is NOT a hard dependency — a
- * deployment that never opts into it does not need it (or its pi SDK peer deps)
- * installed. Loaded lazily so the server still boots without it; when requested
- * but absent, fail with an actionable message.
- */
-function buildPiBackend(): AgentBackend {
-  const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
-  let mod: { createPiBackend?: (opts: { brainPath: string }) => AgentBackend };
-  try {
-    mod = require("@schlessera/brain-backend-pi");
-  } catch {
-    throw new Error(
-      'AGENT_BACKEND=pi but "@schlessera/brain-backend-pi" is not installed. ' +
-        "Add it (with its pi SDK dependencies) or set AGENT_BACKEND=claude."
-    );
-  }
-  if (typeof mod.createPiBackend !== "function") {
-    throw new Error(
-      '"@schlessera/brain-backend-pi" does not export createPiBackend.'
-    );
-  }
-  return mod.createPiBackend({ brainPath: BRAIN_PATH });
+    invalidateProfiles() {
+      profileSnapshot = null;
+    },
+  };
 }