@runesx/api-client 0.4.0 → 0.5.1

package/src/utils/swapUtils.mjs

@@ -1,5 +1,21 @@
 // src/utils/swapUtils.mjs
-import { BigNumber } from 'bignumber.js';
+// Uses SafeBigNumber (DECIMAL_PLACES=40, EXPONENTIAL_AT=[-100,100]) aligned
+// with the backend's SafeBigNumber to ensure estimation arithmetic matches
+// the backend's rounding behavior. (Audit fix L3, 2026-03-17)
+import { SafeBigNumber as BigNumber } from './safeBigNumber.mjs';
+
+/**
+ * Get a coin's decimal places, requiring it to be explicitly defined.
+ * Unlike `coin.dp || 8`, this correctly handles dp=0 (which is falsy in JS).
+ * @param {Object} coin - Coin object with a dp property
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+const getDp = (coin) => {
+  if (coin.dp === null || coin.dp === undefined || typeof coin.dp !== 'number') {
+    throw new Error(`Coin ${coin.ticker || 'unknown'} is missing dp (decimal places)`);
+  }
+  return coin.dp;
+};
 
 export const validatePositiveNumber = (value, fieldName) => {
   const num = new BigNumber(value);
@@ -10,23 +26,56 @@ export const validatePositiveNumber = (value, fieldName) => {
 };
 
 // Get RUNES price in USD using RUNES/USDC pool
+// ── Pool lookup helper (audit fix L3, 2026-03-18) ──
+// Builds a Map keyed by sorted ticker pair ("RUNES-USDC") for O(1) lookups.
+// Replaces O(n) Array.find() in getRunesPriceUSD and getTokenPriceInRunes,
+// which are called per-hop (up to 10×) per path (up to 20 paths) per estimate.
+// The Map is built once per pools array reference — callers that pass the same
+// array (or updatedPools from estimatePath) reuse the cached Map.
+let _poolMapCache = null;
+let _poolMapSource = null;
+let _poolMapSourceLen = -1;
+
+function getPoolByTickers(pools, tickerA, tickerB) {
+  // Rebuild Map when the pools array changes. Three invalidation signals:
+  //   1. Reference equality (primary): Immer/Redux produces a new reference on every state update
+  //   2. Length change: catches spread/slice copies where pools were added/removed
+  //   3. Always rebuild for spread/slice copies (reference !== source): these are
+  //      created by estimatePath with mutated reserves from prior hops. The length
+  //      check alone misses in-place reserve updates (same length, different content).
+  //
+  // Performance: O(pools) rebuild is cheap (~50-100 pools). The Map avoids O(n)
+  // per-call linear scans in getRunesPriceUSD and getTokenPriceInRunes.
+  // (Audit fix L2, 2026-03-18; strengthened L6, 2026-03-18)
+  if (_poolMapSource !== pools || _poolMapSourceLen !== pools.length) {
+    _poolMapCache = new Map();
+    for (const p of pools) {
+      if (!p || !p.coinA || !p.coinB) {continue;}
+      const key = [p.coinA.ticker, p.coinB.ticker].sort().join('-');
+      _poolMapCache.set(key, p);
+    }
+    _poolMapSource = pools;
+    _poolMapSourceLen = pools.length;
+  }
+  const key = [tickerA, tickerB].sort().join('-');
+  return _poolMapCache.get(key) || null;
+}
+
 export const getRunesPriceUSD = (pools) => {
   try {
-    const runesUsdcPool = pools.find((p) =>
-      (p.coinA.ticker === 'RUNES' && p.coinB.ticker === 'USDC') ||
-      (p.coinA.ticker === 'USDC' && p.coinB.ticker === 'RUNES'));
+    const runesUsdcPool = getPoolByTickers(pools, 'RUNES', 'USDC');
 
     if (!runesUsdcPool) {
-      console.warn('RUNES/USDC pool not found, using fallback price of $0.01');
-      return '0.01';
+      console.warn('RUNES/USDC pool not found');
+      return '0';
     }
 
     const reserveA = new BigNumber(runesUsdcPool.reserveA).shiftedBy(-runesUsdcPool.coinA.dp);
     const reserveB = new BigNumber(runesUsdcPool.reserveB).shiftedBy(-runesUsdcPool.coinB.dp);
 
     if (reserveA.isZero() || reserveB.isZero()) {
-      console.warn('RUNES/USDC pool has zero reserves, using fallback price of $0.01');
-      return '0.01';
+      console.warn('RUNES/USDC pool has zero reserves');
+      return '0';
     }
 
     let runesPriceUSD;
@@ -37,25 +86,21 @@ export const getRunesPriceUSD = (pools) => {
     }
 
     if (runesPriceUSD.isNaN() || runesPriceUSD.lte(0)) {
-      console.warn('Invalid RUNES/USDC price calculated, using fallback price of $0.01');
-      return '0.01';
+      console.warn('Invalid RUNES/USDC price calculated');
+      return '0';
     }
 
     return runesPriceUSD.toString();
   } catch (error) {
     console.error('Error calculating RUNES/USD price:', error);
-    return '0.01';
+    return '0';
   }
 };
 
 // Get token price in RUNES
 export const getTokenPriceInRunes = (token, pools) => {
   if (token.ticker === 'RUNES') {return '1';}
-  const pool = pools.find(
-    (p) =>
-      (p.coinA.ticker === 'RUNES' && p.coinB.ticker === token.ticker) ||
-      (p.coinB.ticker === 'RUNES' && p.coinA.ticker === token.ticker)
-  );
+  const pool = getPoolByTickers(pools, 'RUNES', token.ticker);
   if (!pool || new BigNumber(pool.reserveA).isZero() || new BigNumber(pool.reserveB).isZero()) {
     return '0';
   }
@@ -71,23 +116,78 @@ export const getTokenPriceInRunes = (token, pools) => {
   return priceInRunes;
 };
 
-// DFS-based pathfinding
-const findAllPathsDFS = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6) => {
-  const paths = [];
-  const visited = new Set();
+/**
+ * Build unified adjacency map from pools + orderbooks.
+ * Each edge is keyed by a unique edgeKey (pool ID or "ob:PAIR") to prevent revisiting.
+ */
+const buildAdjacencyMap = (pools, coins, orderbooks) => {
+  const adjMap = new Map(); // ticker -> [{ edgeKey, nextCoin }]
+  const edgePairs = new Set(); // track "TICKERA-TICKERB" pairs already added
 
-  // Build adjacency map for O(1) lookups (matches BFS approach)
-  const poolMap = new Map();
+  // Build ticker→coin Map for O(1) lookups (Audit fix L2, 2026-03-18).
+  // Previously used coins.find() per orderbook pair — O(pairs * coins).
+  const coinByUpperTicker = new Map();
+  for (const c of coins) {
+    coinByUpperTicker.set(c.ticker.toUpperCase(), c);
+  }
+
+  // Add edges from pools
   pools.forEach((pool) => {
     if (!pool.runesCompliant || new BigNumber(pool.reserveA).isZero() || new BigNumber(pool.reserveB).isZero()) {return;}
     const keyA = pool.coinA.ticker;
     const keyB = pool.coinB.ticker;
-    if (!poolMap.has(keyA)) {poolMap.set(keyA, []);}
-    if (!poolMap.has(keyB)) {poolMap.set(keyB, []);}
-    poolMap.get(keyA).push({ pool, nextCoin: pool.coinB });
-    poolMap.get(keyB).push({ pool, nextCoin: pool.coinA });
+    if (!adjMap.has(keyA)) {adjMap.set(keyA, []);}
+    if (!adjMap.has(keyB)) {adjMap.set(keyB, []);}
+    adjMap.get(keyA).push({ edgeKey: pool.id, nextCoin: pool.coinB });
+    adjMap.get(keyB).push({ edgeKey: pool.id, nextCoin: pool.coinA });
+    const sorted = [keyA, keyB].sort();
+    edgePairs.add(`${sorted[0]}-${sorted[1]}`);
   });
 
+  // Add edges from orderbooks (only for pairs not already covered by a pool)
+  if (orderbooks) {
+    for (const pair of Object.keys(orderbooks)) {
+      if (edgePairs.has(pair)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      const depth = orderbooks[pair];
+      if ((!depth.bids || depth.bids.length === 0) && (!depth.asks || depth.asks.length === 0)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const parts = pair.split('-');
+      if (parts.length !== 2) {continue;}
+      // Uppercase tickers for case-insensitive matching: pool edges use
+      // pool.coinA.ticker (already uppercase from DB), but legacy coin data
+      // could have lowercase tickers. Without uppercasing, a coin with ticker
+      // 'runes' wouldn't match the pool edge keyed by 'RUNES', creating a
+      // disconnected graph node. (Audit fix L2, 2026-03-18)
+      const tickerA = parts[0].toUpperCase();
+      const tickerB = parts[1].toUpperCase();
+      const coinA = coinByUpperTicker.get(tickerA);
+      const coinB = coinByUpperTicker.get(tickerB);
+      if (!coinA || !coinB) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const edgeKey = `ob:${pair}`;
+      if (!adjMap.has(coinA.ticker)) {adjMap.set(coinA.ticker, []);}
+      if (!adjMap.has(coinB.ticker)) {adjMap.set(coinB.ticker, []);}
+      adjMap.get(coinA.ticker).push({ edgeKey, nextCoin: coinB });
+      adjMap.get(coinB.ticker).push({ edgeKey, nextCoin: coinA });
+      edgePairs.add(pair);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return adjMap;
+};
+
+// DFS-based pathfinding
+const findAllPathsDFS = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6, coins = [], orderbooks = null) => {
+  const paths = [];
+  const visited = new Set();
+  const adjMap = buildAdjacencyMap(pools, coins, orderbooks);
+
   function dfs(currentCoin, currentPath, hops) {
     if (hops > maxHops) {return;}
     if (currentCoin.ticker === endCoin.ticker) {
@@ -95,12 +195,10 @@ const findAllPathsDFS = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6) => {
       return;
     }
 
-    const connectedPools = poolMap.get(currentCoin.ticker) || [];
-    for (const { pool, nextCoin } of connectedPools) {
-      const poolKey = pool.id;
-
-      if (visited.has(poolKey)) {continue;}
-      visited.add(poolKey);
+    const edges = adjMap.get(currentCoin.ticker) || [];
+    for (const { edgeKey, nextCoin } of edges) {
+      if (visited.has(edgeKey)) {continue;}
+      visited.add(edgeKey);
 
       currentPath.push({
         from: currentCoin.ticker,
@@ -110,7 +208,7 @@ const findAllPathsDFS = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6) => {
       dfs(nextCoin, currentPath, hops + 1);
 
       currentPath.pop();
-      visited.delete(poolKey);
+      visited.delete(edgeKey);
     }
   }
 
@@ -119,41 +217,33 @@ const findAllPathsDFS = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6) => {
 };
 
 // BFS-based pathfinding
-const findAllPathsBFS = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6, maxPaths = 20) => {
+// Each queue entry carries its own visited-edges set so that different branches
+// can independently traverse the same edge — matching DFS backtracking semantics.
+const findAllPathsBFS = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6, maxPaths = 20, coins = [], orderbooks = null) => {
   const paths = [];
-  const queue = [{ coin: startCoin, path: [], hops: 0 }];
-  const visited = new Set();
-
-  // Build pool map for faster lookup
-  const poolMap = new Map();
-  pools.forEach((pool) => {
-    if (!pool.runesCompliant || new BigNumber(pool.reserveA).isZero() || new BigNumber(pool.reserveB).isZero()) {return;}
-    const keyA = pool.coinA.ticker;
-    const keyB = pool.coinB.ticker;
-    if (!poolMap.has(keyA)) {poolMap.set(keyA, []);}
-    if (!poolMap.has(keyB)) {poolMap.set(keyB, []);}
-    poolMap.get(keyA).push({ pool, nextCoin: pool.coinB });
-    poolMap.get(keyB).push({ pool, nextCoin: pool.coinA });
-  });
+  const queue = [{ coin: startCoin, path: [], hops: 0, visitedEdges: new Set() }];
+  const adjMap = buildAdjacencyMap(pools, coins, orderbooks);
 
   while (queue.length && paths.length < maxPaths) {
-    const { coin, path, hops } = queue.shift();
+    const { coin, path, hops, visitedEdges } = queue.shift();
     if (hops > maxHops) {continue;}
     if (coin.ticker === endCoin.ticker) {
       paths.push(path);
       continue;
     }
 
-    const connectedPools = poolMap.get(coin.ticker) || [];
-    for (const { pool, nextCoin } of connectedPools) {
-      const poolKey = `${coin.ticker}-${pool.id}`;
-      if (visited.has(poolKey)) {continue;}
-      visited.add(poolKey);
+    const edges = adjMap.get(coin.ticker) || [];
+    for (const { edgeKey, nextCoin } of edges) {
+      if (visitedEdges.has(edgeKey)) {continue;}
+
+      const newVisited = new Set(visitedEdges);
+      newVisited.add(edgeKey);
 
       queue.push({
         coin: nextCoin,
         path: [...path, { from: coin.ticker, to: nextCoin.ticker }],
         hops: hops + 1,
+        visitedEdges: newVisited,
       });
     }
   }
@@ -162,17 +252,27 @@ const findAllPathsBFS = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6, maxPaths = 20)
 };
 
 // Find all possible swap paths (select DFS or BFS)
-export const findAllPaths = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6, algorithm = 'dfs') => {
+// coins + orderbooks are optional — when provided, orderbook-only pairs are included in pathfinding
+export const findAllPaths = (startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops = 6, algorithm = 'dfs', coins = [], orderbooks = null) => {
   if (algorithm === 'bfs') {
-    return findAllPathsBFS(startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops, 20); // Limit to 20 paths for BFS
+    return findAllPathsBFS(startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops, 20, coins, orderbooks);
   }
-  return findAllPathsDFS(startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops);
+  return findAllPathsDFS(startCoin, endCoin, pools, maxHops, coins, orderbooks);
 };
 
 // Simulate a single swap in a pool (aligned with backend's swapSingle)
 export const simulateSwap = (pool, inputCoin, amountInBN, isCoinAInput) => {
   if (!pool.runesCompliant) {return null;}
 
+  // Validate dp from socket-delivered pool data. A corrupted payload with
+  // dp outside [0,18] would produce astronomically wrong estimates via
+  // shiftedBy(). Matches backend swapSingle dp validation range.
+  // (Audit fix L3, 2026-03-18; supports dp=0 for indivisible tokens, audit B, 2026-03-18)
+  const coinADp = pool.coinA?.dp;
+  const coinBDp = pool.coinB?.dp;
+  if (!Number.isInteger(coinADp) || coinADp < 0 || coinADp > 18
+    || !Number.isInteger(coinBDp) || coinBDp < 0 || coinBDp > 18) {return null;}
+
   if (amountInBN.lt(1)) {return null;}
 
   const reserveABN = new BigNumber(pool.reserveA);
@@ -183,12 +283,15 @@ export const simulateSwap = (pool, inputCoin, amountInBN, isCoinAInput) => {
   const treasuryFeeRate = new BigNumber(pool.treasuryFeeRate).div(100);
   const totalFeeRate = lpFeeRate.plus(treasuryFeeRate);
 
+  // Fee rate validation: matches backend computeAmmFees() in swapCore.mjs.
+  // Without this, a corrupted pool fee rate from the socket could produce
+  // nonsensical estimates (negative output, NaN, etc). (Audit fix L6, 2026-03-18)
+  if (lpFeeRate.isNaN() || !lpFeeRate.isFinite() || lpFeeRate.lt(0)
+    || treasuryFeeRate.isNaN() || !treasuryFeeRate.isFinite() || treasuryFeeRate.lt(0)
+    || totalFeeRate.gte(1) || totalFeeRate.gt('0.05')) {return null;}
+
   // Calculate total fee and split proportionally
-  let totalFeeAmount = amountInBN.times(totalFeeRate).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN);
-  // Minimum fee floor: match backend - ensure at least 1 smallest unit when fees are configured
-  if (totalFeeRate.gt(0) && totalFeeAmount.isZero()) {
-    totalFeeAmount = new BigNumber(1);
-  }
+  const totalFeeAmount = amountInBN.times(totalFeeRate).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN);
   let treasuryFeeAmount = new BigNumber(0);
   let lpFeeAmount = new BigNumber(0);
   if (!totalFeeRate.eq(0)) {
@@ -199,9 +302,6 @@ export const simulateSwap = (pool, inputCoin, amountInBN, isCoinAInput) => {
   const amountInForPool = amountInBN.minus(totalFeeAmount);
   if (amountInForPool.lt(1)) {return null;}
 
-  // const outputCoin = isCoinAInput ? pool.coinB : pool.coinA;
-  // const outputCoinDp = outputCoin.dp || 8;
-
   let amountOutBN;
   if (isCoinAInput) {
     amountOutBN = amountInForPool.times(reserveBBN).div(reserveABN.plus(amountInForPool));
@@ -212,6 +312,15 @@ export const simulateSwap = (pool, inputCoin, amountInBN, isCoinAInput) => {
 
   if (amountOutBN.isNaN() || !amountOutBN.isFinite() || amountOutBN.lt(1)) {return null;}
 
+  // MIN_RESERVE_THRESHOLD: matches backend swapSingle's check in swapCore.mjs.
+  // Without this, the frontend could show estimates for swaps that the backend
+  // would reject due to insufficient post-swap reserves. (Audit fix L4, 2026-03-18)
+  const MIN_RESERVE_THRESHOLD = new BigNumber(1000);
+  const newResOut = isCoinAInput
+    ? reserveBBN.minus(amountOutBN)
+    : reserveABN.minus(amountOutBN);
+  if (newResOut.lt(MIN_RESERVE_THRESHOLD)) {return null;}
+
   // Simulate reserve updates (mimicking backend)
   const updatedPool = { ...pool };
   if (isCoinAInput) {
@@ -230,63 +339,923 @@ export const simulateSwap = (pool, inputCoin, amountInBN, isCoinAInput) => {
   };
 };
 
+/**
+ * Simulate filling an order book for a given input amount.
+ * Matches backend fillFromOrderBook.mjs math: operates in whole units with
+ * per-level integer rounding and per-level fee deductions.
+ *
+ * For a buy (inputCoin is quote, outputCoin is base): walk asks (ascending price).
+ * For a sell (inputCoin is base, outputCoin is quote): walk bids (descending price).
+ *
+ * @param {object} depth - { bids: [[price, qty], ...], asks: [[price, qty], ...] } (human-readable values)
+ * @param {'buy'|'sell'} side - 'buy' means spending inputCoin to acquire outputCoin
+ * @param {BigNumber} amountIn - whole-unit input amount
+ * @param {number} inputDp - decimal places of input coin
+ * @param {number} outputDp - decimal places of output coin
+ * @returns {{ amountOut: BigNumber }|null}
+ */
+// Default hard cap on total orders the backend will lock across all batches.
+// Overridden at runtime by exchange_config from the backend socket event.
+const DEFAULT_MAX_CLOB_FILL_TOTAL = 500;
+
+/**
+ * Calculate a CLOB fee as floor(amount * rate).
+ * Mirrors backend clobFees.mjs calculateClobFee() exactly.
+ * When the amount is small enough that floor rounds to zero, the fee is zero.
+ * Minimum trade/swap amounts prevent economically insignificant fills.
+ *
+ * @param {BigNumber} amount - Whole-unit amount the fee is charged on
+ * @param {BigNumber} rate   - Fee rate (e.g. 0.002 for taker)
+ * @returns {BigNumber} Fee in whole units
+ */
+const calculateClobFee = (amount, rate) => {
+  return amount.times(rate).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN);
+};
+
+// SECURITY NOTE (audit H3, 2026-03-18): This function operates on depth data
+// delivered via WebSocket. A compromised or MITM'd socket could inject inflated
+// per-order sizes or fake price levels. The backend re-evaluates all CLOB fills
+// independently with FOR UPDATE locks inside a SERIALIZABLE transaction — this
+// simulation is purely advisory for UI estimation and minAmountOut derivation.
+// The per-order size sum validation below (H3 fix) catches gross payload corruption,
+// but subtle manipulation (redistributing sizes within tolerance) is accepted —
+// the backend's independent execution + minAmountOut slippage protection are the
+// authoritative safeguards.
+export const simulateClobFill = (depth, side, amountIn, inputDp, outputDp, userOrders = null, pair = null, clobFees = null) => {
+  // side = 'buy': we spend quote coin, walk asks, receive base coin
+  // side = 'sell': we spend base coin, walk bids, receive quote coin
+  const levels = side === 'buy' ? (depth.asks || []) : (depth.bids || []);
+  if (levels.length === 0) {return null;}
+
+  // Price deviation guard (audit fix M6, 2026-03-17):
+  // Matches backend fillFromOrderBook.mjs and matchingEngine.mjs — if the
+  // current fill price deviates by more than maxPriceDeviation from the best
+  // (first) fill price, stop filling. Without this, the frontend simulation
+  // could overstate CLOB output when the real fill would stop early due to
+  // price deviation, causing the user to set an unrealistically high
+  // minAmountOut that fails on execution.
+  // Fallback '5' matches backend MAX_CLOB_PRICE_DEVIATION_FACTOR in config/clobFees.mjs.
+  // The authoritative value is delivered via exchange_config socket event.
+  // (Aligned: audit fix H4, 2026-03-18 — tightened from '10' to '5')
+  const MAX_PRICE_DEVIATION = new BigNumber(clobFees?.maxPriceDeviation || '5');
+
+  // Self-trade prevention: the backend (fillFromOrderBook.mjs) walks orders
+  // in price-time priority and stops when it encounters the user's own order,
+  // filling valid non-user orders BEFORE it. We simulate this using exact user
+  // order data (available from the orderbook Redux store via socket):
+  //
+  //   - At price levels BEFORE the user's first resting order: fill normally
+  //   - AT the boundary level: fill non-user orders only (quantity reduced by
+  //     user's resting quantity, order count reduced by user's order count).
+  //     This is a lower-bound approximation since we don't know the exact
+  //     time-priority ordering of user vs non-user orders within the level.
+  //   - At price levels BEYOND the boundary: stop entirely
+  //
+  // (Audit fix M5, 2026-03-16; aligned with backend H5, 2026-03-17)
+  let selfTradePriceBN = null;
+  let userQtyByPrice = null;     // price -> total remaining qty (BigNumber)
+  let userRemainingsByPrice = null; // price -> [remaining1, remaining2, ...] (human-readable strings for per-order matching)
+  if (userOrders && pair) {
+    const oppositeSide = side === 'buy' ? 'sell' : 'buy';
+    const userOppositeOrders = userOrders.filter(
+      (o) => o.pair === pair && o.side === oppositeSide && ['open', 'partially_filled'].includes(o.status)
+        && new BigNumber(o.quantity).minus(o.filledQuantity || '0').gt(0)
+    );
+    if (userOppositeOrders.length > 0) {
+      // Build map of user's remaining quantity at each price (aggregate + individual)
+      userQtyByPrice = new Map();
+      userRemainingsByPrice = new Map();
+      for (const o of userOppositeOrders) {
+        const remaining = new BigNumber(o.quantity).minus(o.filledQuantity || '0');
+        const priceKey = new BigNumber(o.price).toString();
+        const existing = userQtyByPrice.get(priceKey) || new BigNumber(0);
+        userQtyByPrice.set(priceKey, existing.plus(remaining));
+        // Track individual remaining quantities for per-order size matching at
+        // self-trade boundary levels. (Audit fix L2, 2026-03-17)
+        if (!userRemainingsByPrice.has(priceKey)) {userRemainingsByPrice.set(priceKey, []);}
+        userRemainingsByPrice.get(priceKey).push(remaining.toString());
+      }
+      // Best (first-encountered) self-trade price determines the boundary.
+      // For buy side (walking asks ASC): user's lowest ask price.
+      // For sell side (walking bids DESC): user's highest bid price.
+      // Use reduce instead of BigNumber.min/max(...spread) to avoid creating
+      // a large argument list for users with many opposite-side orders.
+      // (Audit fix L2, 2026-03-18)
+      const userPrices = userOppositeOrders.map((o) => new BigNumber(o.price));
+      selfTradePriceBN = userPrices.reduce((best, p) =>
+        (side === 'buy' ? (p.lt(best) ? p : best) : (p.gt(best) ? p : best)),
+        userPrices[0],
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Fee rate from backend config (delivered via exchange_config socket event).
+  // Falls back to 0.2% if config hasn't arrived yet — matches current backend default.
+  const TAKER_FEE_RATE = new BigNumber(clobFees?.takerFeeRate || '0.002');
+
+  // Depth values are human-readable. Convert to whole units for integer math
+  // matching the backend's per-level rounding behavior.
+  // baseDp is always outputDp for buy, inputDp for sell.
+  const baseDp = side === 'buy' ? outputDp : inputDp;
+
+  const maxFillTotal = clobFees?.maxFillTotal || DEFAULT_MAX_CLOB_FILL_TOTAL;
+
+  let remainingInput = new BigNumber(amountIn); // already in whole units
+  let totalNetOutput = new BigNumber(0);
+  // totalRowsExamined tracks ALL orders walked (including dust-skipped), matching
+  // the backend's totalRowsLocked counter in fillFromOrderBook.mjs which counts
+  // all rows locked FOR UPDATE regardless of whether they produce a fill. Without
+  // this, the simulation could walk more orders than the backend allows, overstating
+  // CLOB output when many orders are dust-skipped. (Audit fix M4, 2026-03-17)
+  let totalRowsExamined = 0;
+  // Track cumulative per-order sizes received. The backend's getDepthSnapshot
+  // caps per-order sizes at MAX_CLOB_FILL_TOTAL across all levels (the
+  // `totalOrderSizesEmitted` counter in OrderBook.getDepthSnapshot). Once this
+  // cap is reached, subsequent levels have no perOrderSizes and the frontend
+  // falls back to equal-split. This is slightly less accurate for deep books
+  // but matches the backend's fill behavior: it won't lock more than
+  // MAX_CLOB_FILL_TOTAL orders anyway, so the missing per-order data is
+  // beyond the simulation boundary. (Audit fix L5, 2026-03-17)
+  let cumulativePerOrderSizesReceived = 0;
+  // Track whether the simulation used the equal-split fallback for any level.
+  // When true, the estimate may diverge from actual execution because equal-
+  // splitting assumes uniform order sizes, which can differ significantly from
+  // reality. The caller can use this to display a lower-confidence indicator.
+  // (Audit fix M4, 2026-03-17)
+  let usedEqualSplitFallback = false;
+  // Track how much of the total output came from equal-split fallback levels
+  // (no per-order sizes). When this fraction is high, the estimate may diverge
+  // significantly from actual execution. The caller can use this to display a
+  // quantitative confidence metric. (Audit fix M3, 2026-03-18)
+  let fallbackOutput = new BigNumber(0);
+
+  // Price deviation guard: track the first (best) fill price to detect
+  // catastrophic slippage through stale or manipulated deep-book orders.
+  // (Audit fix M6, 2026-03-17 — aligned with backend)
+  let bestFillPrice = null;
+
+  // Cumulative rounding trackers: instead of rounding each fill independently
+  // (which causes sum(ceil) > ceil(sum) drift), track the cumulative exact quote
+  // amount and derive each fill's integer consumption from the delta between
+  // consecutive cumulative ceils. Matches backend fillFromOrderBook.mjs logic.
+  //
+  // NOTE: The backend also tracks per-maker cumulative rounding (makerCumulativeExact)
+  // for maker lock accounting. We intentionally omit that here because it only affects
+  // how much locked balance each maker loses — it does NOT affect taker output or
+  // input consumed. The taker-side tracker below is sufficient for estimation.
+  let cumulativeExactQuote = new BigNumber(0);
+  let prevCumulativeCeil = new BigNumber(0);
+
+  for (const level of levels) {
+    if (remainingInput.lte(0)) {break;}
+
+    const [priceStr, qtyStr, orderCount, ...perOrderSizes] = level;
+
+    const levelOrders = orderCount || 1;
+    // NOTE: Order count cap is now checked per-order inside the inner loop
+    // (audit fix M1, 2026-03-16) to match backend behavior. The backend fills
+    // individual orders up to MAX_CLOB_FILL_TOTAL — it doesn't skip an entire
+    // level when the level's order count would exceed the cap. The previous
+    // per-level check understated CLOB output when a large level straddled
+    // the cap boundary.
+    const priceHuman = new BigNumber(priceStr);
+
+    // Self-trade prevention: levels beyond the user's best opposite order
+    // are unreachable (the backend stops at the user's own order).
+    // At the boundary level, subtract the user's own quantity and order count —
+    // the backend fills non-user orders at the same price before encountering
+    // the user's. (Audit fix M5, 2026-03-16; aligned H5, 2026-03-17)
+    let isSelfTradeLevel = false;
+    if (selfTradePriceBN) {
+      if (side === 'buy' && priceHuman.gt(selfTradePriceBN)) {break;}
+      if (side === 'sell' && priceHuman.lt(selfTradePriceBN)) {break;}
+      isSelfTradeLevel = priceHuman.eq(selfTradePriceBN);
+    }
+    let qtyHuman = new BigNumber(qtyStr);
+    if (isSelfTradeLevel && userQtyByPrice) {
+      const userQty = userQtyByPrice.get(priceHuman.toString());
+      if (userQty && userQty.gt(0)) {
+        qtyHuman = qtyHuman.minus(userQty);
+        if (qtyHuman.lte(0)) {break;} // entire level is user's orders
+      }
+    }
+    // Guard against NaN/non-finite values from corrupted socket payloads.
+    // BigNumber(NaN).lte(0) returns false, so NaN would silently propagate
+    // through all downstream arithmetic — corrupting totalNetOutput and
+    // bypassing the final lte(0) return check. Explicit NaN/finite guards
+    // match backend matchingEngine.mjs:133. (Audit fix H1, 2026-03-18)
+    if (priceHuman.isNaN() || !priceHuman.isFinite() || priceHuman.lte(0)
+      || qtyHuman.isNaN() || !qtyHuman.isFinite() || qtyHuman.lte(0)) {continue;}
+
+    // Price deviation guard (audit fix M6, 2026-03-17):
+    // Matches backend fillFromOrderBook.mjs — if the current level's price
+    // deviates by more than MAX_PRICE_DEVIATION from the best (first) fill
+    // price, stop filling. For buy side (asks sorted ASC), later levels have
+    // higher price (worse for buyer). For sell side (bids sorted DESC), later
+    // levels have lower price (worse for seller).
+    if (!bestFillPrice) {
+      bestFillPrice = priceHuman;
+    } else {
+      const deviation = side === 'buy'
+        ? priceHuman.div(bestFillPrice)
+        : bestFillPrice.div(priceHuman);
+      if (deviation.gt(MAX_PRICE_DEVIATION)) {break;}
+    }
+
+    // Convert level values to whole units (matching backend representation)
+    // price_whole = price_human * 10^quoteDp where quoteDp = (buy ? inputDp : outputDp)
+    const quoteDp = side === 'buy' ? inputDp : outputDp;
+    const makerPrice = priceHuman.shiftedBy(quoteDp); // price in whole units
+    const levelQty = qtyHuman.shiftedBy(baseDp);       // quantity in base whole units
+
+    // quoteAmount = fillQty * makerPrice / 10^baseDp (backend formula)
+    const quoteForLevel = (qty) => qty.times(makerPrice).shiftedBy(-baseDp);
+
+    // Build per-order quantities for this level.
+    // When the backend provides actual per-order sizes (indices 3+ in the depth
+    // entry), use them for accurate fill simulation. Otherwise, fall back to
+    // equal-size splitting (less accurate but backwards-compatible).
+    //
+    // Self-trade boundary levels (aligned with backend, audit fix H5, 2026-03-17):
+    // The backend walks orders in price-time priority and stops at the FIRST
+    // user order encountered. At the boundary level, it fills non-user orders
+    // that appear before the user's order. We approximate this by using the
+    // adjusted level quantity (qtyHuman, already reduced by the user's quantity
+    // above) and distributing it across the non-user order count. This is a
+    // lower-bound estimate (assumes user orders are interspersed, not at the
+    // end), but more accurate than the previous approach which skipped the
+    // entire level.
+    const ordersAtLevel = levelOrders;
+
+    // Count of user's orders at this price (for boundary level order count adjustment)
+    let userOrderCountAtLevel = 0;
+    if (isSelfTradeLevel && userOrders && pair) {
+      const oppositeSide = side === 'buy' ? 'sell' : 'buy';
+      userOrderCountAtLevel = userOrders.filter(
+        (o) => o.pair === pair && o.side === oppositeSide
+          && ['open', 'partially_filled'].includes(o.status)
+          && new BigNumber(o.quantity).minus(o.filledQuantity || '0').gt(0)
+          && new BigNumber(o.price).eq(priceHuman),
+      ).length;
+    }
+    // Effective non-user order count at this level
+    const effectiveOrderCount = isSelfTradeLevel
+      ? Math.max(0, ordersAtLevel - userOrderCountAtLevel)
+      : ordersAtLevel;
+
+    let orderQuantities;
+    // Track whether this level used equal-split so we can attribute its output
+    // to the fallback fraction. (Audit fix M3, 2026-03-18)
+    let levelUsedFallback = false;
+    if (perOrderSizes.length > 0 && perOrderSizes.length === ordersAtLevel) {
+      // Validate that per-order sizes sum to the level's total quantity.
+      // A corrupted socket payload (MITM, bug) could inject inflated sizes,
+      // overstating CLOB output and causing the user to set an unrealistic
+      // minAmountOut. Fall back to equal-split on mismatch. (Audit fix H3, 2026-03-18)
+      const perOrderSum = perOrderSizes.reduce(
+        (acc, s) => acc.plus(new BigNumber(s)), new BigNumber(0),
+      );
+      // Compare in human-readable space (same as qtyStr) to avoid dp conversion
+      const levelQtyHuman = new BigNumber(qtyStr);
+      const perOrderSizesValid = perOrderSum.gt(0)
+        && perOrderSum.minus(levelQtyHuman).abs().lte(levelQtyHuman.times('0.001').plus(1e-18));
+
+      if (!perOrderSizesValid) {
+        // Mismatch — fall back to equal-split for this level
+        if (perOrderSum.gt(0)) {
+          console.warn(
+            `simulateClobFill: perOrderSizes sum (${perOrderSum.toString()}) does not match `
+            + `level qty (${qtyStr}) at price ${priceStr} — falling back to equal split`,
+          );
+        }
+        const splitCount = isSelfTradeLevel ? effectiveOrderCount : ordersAtLevel;
+        if (splitCount <= 0 || levelQty.lte(0)) {
+          orderQuantities = [];
+        } else {
+          const perOrderQty = levelQty.div(splitCount).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN);
+          const lastOrderQty = levelQty.minus(perOrderQty.times(splitCount - 1));
+          orderQuantities = [];
+          for (let i = 0; i < splitCount; i += 1) {
+            orderQuantities.push(i < splitCount - 1 ? perOrderQty : lastOrderQty);
+          }
+          usedEqualSplitFallback = true;
+          levelUsedFallback = true;
+        }
+      } else {
+        // Per-order sizes are valid — use them
+        cumulativePerOrderSizesReceived += perOrderSizes.length;
+        if (!isSelfTradeLevel) {
+          // Non-boundary level: use per-order sizes directly
+          orderQuantities = perOrderSizes.map((s) => new BigNumber(s).shiftedBy(baseDp));
+        } else {
+          // Self-trade boundary level: the backend walks orders in price-time
+          // priority and stops at the FIRST user order encountered. We have
+          // per-order sizes but don't know their exact time-priority position.
+          //
+          // Strategy (audit fix L2, 2026-03-17): When individual user order
+          // remaining quantities are available, greedily remove matching entries
+          // from the per-order size list. This preserves actual non-user order
+          // sizes instead of falling back to equal-split, producing a tighter
+          // estimate. The match is by quantity value (human-readable string
+          // comparison) — if a user order's remaining quantity matches a per-order
+          // size, it's likely that entry. Multiple user orders at the same price
+          // are handled by consuming one match per user order.
+          //
+          // KNOWN LIMITATION (audit fix L4, 2026-03-18): This greedy matching
+          // is lossy — if a non-user order has the same remaining quantity as a
+          // user order, the non-user order could be incorrectly removed from the
+          // simulation, understating available liquidity at the self-trade
+          // boundary level. This produces a LOWER-BOUND estimate, which is
+          // conservative (the user may receive more than estimated, not less).
+          // The backend has exact per-order userId knowledge and does not share
+          // this limitation. No fix is possible without the backend exposing
+          // per-order userId data in the depth snapshot (which would leak
+          // trading activity). Accept as inherent estimation approximation.
+          const userRemainings = (userRemainingsByPrice && userRemainingsByPrice.get(priceHuman.toString())) || [];
+          if (userRemainings.length > 0) {
+            // Build a consumable multiset of user remaining quantities
+            const userQtyBag = new Map(); // qty string -> count remaining to remove
+            for (const uqty of userRemainings) {
+              userQtyBag.set(uqty, (userQtyBag.get(uqty) || 0) + 1);
+            }
+            // Filter per-order sizes: keep entries that don't match a user order.
+            //
+            // IMPROVEMENT (audit fix M6, 2026-03-18): Track how many entries were
+            // removed by greedy matching. If any were removed, flag as low-confidence
+            // because a non-user order with the same remaining quantity could have
+            // been incorrectly excluded (understating available liquidity). This is
+            // a LOWER-BOUND estimate — conservative for the user.
+            const filteredSizes = [];
+            let greedyMatchCount = 0;
+            for (const s of perOrderSizes) {
+              const remaining = userQtyBag.get(s) || 0;
+              if (remaining > 0) {
+                // This per-order size matches a user order — remove it
+                userQtyBag.set(s, remaining - 1);
+                greedyMatchCount += 1;
+              } else {
+                filteredSizes.push(s);
+              }
+            }
+            orderQuantities = filteredSizes.map((s) => new BigNumber(s).shiftedBy(baseDp));
+            // If greedy matching removed entries, flag low confidence: a non-user
+            // order with an identical remaining quantity may have been incorrectly
+            // excluded. The estimate is still conservative (lower-bound).
+            if (greedyMatchCount > 0) {
+              usedEqualSplitFallback = true;
+              levelUsedFallback = true;
+            }
+          } else {
+            // No individual user remainders available — fall back to equal-split
+            if (effectiveOrderCount <= 0 || levelQty.lte(0)) {
+              orderQuantities = [];
+            } else {
+              const perOrderQty = levelQty.div(effectiveOrderCount).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN);
+              const lastOrderQty = levelQty.minus(perOrderQty.times(effectiveOrderCount - 1));
+              orderQuantities = [];
+              for (let i = 0; i < effectiveOrderCount; i += 1) {
+                orderQuantities.push(i < effectiveOrderCount - 1 ? perOrderQty : lastOrderQty);
+              }
+              usedEqualSplitFallback = true;
+              levelUsedFallback = true;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // No per-order sizes available for this level. Three scenarios:
+      //
+      //   1. The backend's per-order size cap (MAX_CLOB_FILL_TOTAL) was exceeded —
+      //      cumulativePerOrderSizesReceived >= maxFillTotal. The backend won't lock
+      //      more orders anyway, so stop simulating entirely. Previously the frontend
+      //      used equal-split which diverged from real per-order fills, causing
+      //      estimation errors and minAmountOut rejections. (Audit fix M3, 2026-03-17)
+      //
+      //   2. perOrderSizes length doesn't match orderCount — data inconsistency.
+      //      Fall back to equal split for this level only (rare edge case).
+      //
+      //   3. No perOrderSizes provided at all (older backend or non-includeOrderSizes
+      //      depth). Fall back to equal split for all levels (backwards-compatible).
+      //
+      // Scenario 1 is the common case — once we've consumed all per-order data from
+      // the backend, further simulation is beyond the backend's fill boundary and
+      // would produce divergent estimates.
+      //
+      // STRANDED DUST NOTE (audit fix M1, 2026-03-18): The backend's getDepthSnapshot
+      // filters permanently stranded dust orders (orders whose full remaining quantity
+      // produces zero quote transfer) via a pre-computed `_stranded` flag on each
+      // OrderBook entry. This flag is set when _baseDp is provided to the OrderBook
+      // constructor, which is always the case (orderBookCache.getOrCreate resolves
+      // baseDp from the pair). Therefore, stranded orders should NOT appear in the
+      // depth data received via socket. If a legacy backend omits the filter (no
+      // _baseDp), the equal-split fallback here may overstate CLOB output for levels
+      // containing stranded dust — the usedEqualSplitFallback flag below signals
+      // lower confidence to the UI.
+      if (cumulativePerOrderSizesReceived > 0 && cumulativePerOrderSizesReceived >= maxFillTotal) {
+        // Per-order data exhausted: we've reached the backend's fill cap.
+        // Stop simulating — any remaining levels are beyond what the backend
+        // will actually fill. This aligns the frontend estimate with the
+        // backend's MAX_CLOB_FILL_TOTAL boundary. (Audit fix M3, 2026-03-17)
+        break;
+      }
+      if (perOrderSizes.length > 0 && perOrderSizes.length !== ordersAtLevel) {
+        console.warn(`simulateClobFill: perOrderSizes length (${perOrderSizes.length}) does not match orderCount (${ordersAtLevel}) at price ${priceStr} — falling back to equal split`);
+      }
+      // Use effectiveOrderCount for self-trade boundary levels (adjusted for
+      // user's orders), ordersAtLevel otherwise. (Audit fix H5, 2026-03-17)
+      const splitCount = isSelfTradeLevel ? effectiveOrderCount : ordersAtLevel;
+      if (splitCount <= 0 || levelQty.lte(0)) {
+        orderQuantities = [];
+      } else {
+        const perOrderQty = levelQty.div(splitCount).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN);
+        const lastOrderQty = levelQty.minus(perOrderQty.times(splitCount - 1));
+        orderQuantities = [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < splitCount; i += 1) {
+          orderQuantities.push(i < splitCount - 1 ? perOrderQty : lastOrderQty);
+        }
+        usedEqualSplitFallback = true; // (Audit fix M4, 2026-03-17)
+        levelUsedFallback = true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Use orderQuantities.length (not ordersAtLevel) since self-trade
+    // filtering may have reduced the number of orders. (Audit fix M3, 2026-03-17)
+    for (let orderIdx = 0; orderIdx < orderQuantities.length; orderIdx += 1) {
+      if (remainingInput.lte(0)) {break;}
+      // Per-order cap: matches backend's FOR UPDATE LIMIT across all batches.
+      // Stranded dust orders (whose remaining qty produces zero quote) are NOT
+      // excluded here — they count against the cap, matching the backend fill
+      // loop which fetches them via FOR UPDATE before the dust-fill `continue`.
+      // The backend auto-cancels stranded orders within the same transaction
+      // and removes them from the in-memory book in afterCommit, so subsequent
+      // depth snapshots won't include them. (Audit review H3, 2026-03-17)
+      // (Audit fix M1, 2026-03-16)
+      totalRowsExamined += 1;
+      if (totalRowsExamined > maxFillTotal) {break;}
+
+      const makerQty = orderQuantities[orderIdx];
+      // Guard against NaN/non-finite values from corrupted socket payloads.
+      // BigNumber(NaN).lte(0) returns false, so NaN would silently propagate
+      // through all downstream arithmetic — producing a NaN amountOut that
+      // accidentally bypasses the final lte(0) check. Explicit NaN/finite
+      // check ensures corrupted entries are skipped cleanly.
+      // (Audit fix H3, 2026-03-18)
+      if (!makerQty || makerQty.isNaN() || !makerQty.isFinite() || makerQty.lte(0)) {continue;}
+
+      let fillQty;
+      let inputConsumed;
+
+      if (side === 'buy') {
+        // User spends quote (input) whole units, receives base (output) whole units.
+        // maxBuyable = remainingInput * 10^baseDp / makerPrice (ROUND_DOWN — conservative for taker)
+        const maxBuyable = remainingInput.times(new BigNumber(10).pow(baseDp)).div(makerPrice).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN);
+        fillQty = BigNumber.min(maxBuyable, makerQty);
+        if (fillQty.lte(0)) {break;}
+        // Dust-fill guard: skip fills where the quote transfer rounds to zero.
+        // Uses `continue` (not `break`) to allow subsequent orders with larger
+        // quantities to produce valid fills — aligned with backend
+        // fillFromOrderBook.mjs and placeOrder.mjs. (Audit fix M1, 2026-03-17)
+        const quoteAmountExact = quoteForLevel(fillQty);
+        const quoteAmountFloor = quoteAmountExact.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN);
+        if (quoteAmountFloor.lte(0)) {continue;}
+        // Cumulative ceil: derive this fill's cost from the delta between consecutive ceils
+        cumulativeExactQuote = cumulativeExactQuote.plus(quoteAmountExact);
+        const currentCumulativeCeil = cumulativeExactQuote.integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_UP);
+        inputConsumed = currentCumulativeCeil.minus(prevCumulativeCeil);
+        prevCumulativeCeil = currentCumulativeCeil;
+      } else {
+        // User spends base (input) whole units, receives quote (output) whole units.
+        fillQty = BigNumber.min(remainingInput, makerQty);
+        if (fillQty.lte(0)) {break;}
+        inputConsumed = fillQty;
+      }
+
+      // Per-order output and fee (matching backend per-fill deduction)
+      const outputThisFill = side === 'buy'
+        ? fillQty // taker receives base whole units
+        : quoteForLevel(fillQty).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN); // taker receives quote whole units
+
+      // Dust-fill guard for sell side: quote amount rounds to zero at this price.
+      // Uses `continue` to allow subsequent orders to produce valid fills —
+      // aligned with backend fillFromOrderBook.mjs. (Audit fix M1, 2026-03-17)
+      if (outputThisFill.lte(0)) {continue;}
+
+      const takerFee = calculateClobFee(outputThisFill, TAKER_FEE_RATE);
+      const netOutput = outputThisFill.minus(takerFee);
+
+      totalNetOutput = totalNetOutput.plus(netOutput);
+      if (levelUsedFallback) {fallbackOutput = fallbackOutput.plus(netOutput);}
+      remainingInput = remainingInput.minus(inputConsumed);
+    }
+
+    // After filling at the self-trade boundary level, stop — the backend
+    // would encounter the user's own order here and halt further fills.
+    if (isSelfTradeLevel) {break;}
+    // If per-order cap was hit inside the inner loop, stop outer loop too.
+    if (totalRowsExamined > maxFillTotal) {break;}
+  }
+
+  // Final NaN guard: if any corrupted level bypassed per-level validation
+  // (e.g., a NaN intermediate value from BigNumber arithmetic edge cases),
+  // the accumulated totalNetOutput could be NaN. BigNumber(NaN).lte(0)
+  // returns false, so the check below would NOT catch it — returning
+  // { amountOut: NaN } to the caller. (Audit fix H1, 2026-03-18)
+  if (totalNetOutput.isNaN() || !totalNetOutput.isFinite() || totalNetOutput.lte(0)) {return null;}
+
+  // totalNetOutput is already in output whole units — return directly
+  // inputUsed = total input consumed in whole units (amountIn - remainingInput)
+  const inputUsed = new BigNumber(amountIn).minus(remainingInput);
+  // fallbackFraction: proportion of total net output that came from equal-split
+  // levels (no per-order sizes). 0 = fully accurate, 1 = entirely estimated.
+  // The caller can use this to display a quantitative confidence metric.
+  // (Audit fix M3, 2026-03-18)
+  const fallbackFraction = totalNetOutput.gt(0)
+    ? fallbackOutput.div(totalNetOutput).toNumber()
+    : 0;
+  return { amountOut: totalNetOutput, inputUsed, remainingInput, usedEqualSplitFallback, fallbackFraction, totalRowsExamined };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Derive canonical pair and side for CLOB lookup from a hop step.
+ * @param {string} fromTicker
+ * @param {string} toTicker
+ * @returns {{ pair: string, side: 'buy'|'sell' }}
+ */
+// Default ticker regex — used as fallback until the backend delivers the
+// authoritative pattern via exchange_config. Callers pass the backend's
+// pattern via clobFees.tickerPattern when available (single source of truth).
+// (Audit fix L1, 2026-03-18; replaces hardcoded duplicate M7, 2026-03-18)
+const DEFAULT_TICKER_PATTERN = /^[A-Z0-9]{1,20}$/;
+
+// Cache compiled RegExp per pattern string to avoid re-compilation per call.
+// Capped at 20 entries to prevent unbounded growth if a compromised socket
+// delivers many unique patterns. (Audit fix M3, 2026-03-19)
+const _tickerReCache = new Map();
+const MAX_TICKER_RE_CACHE_SIZE = 20;
+function getTickerRe(pattern) {
+  if (!pattern) {return DEFAULT_TICKER_PATTERN;}
+  let cached = _tickerReCache.get(pattern);
+  if (!cached) {
+    try {
+      cached = new RegExp(pattern);
+    } catch {
+      cached = DEFAULT_TICKER_PATTERN;
+    }
+    if (_tickerReCache.size >= MAX_TICKER_RE_CACHE_SIZE) {
+      const oldestKey = _tickerReCache.keys().next().value;
+      _tickerReCache.delete(oldestKey);
+    }
+    _tickerReCache.set(pattern, cached);
+  }
+  return cached;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Derive CLOB pair and side from a hop step.
+ * Uses the admin-defined market direction from the markets lookup (if provided),
+ * falling back to alphabetical sorting for backward compatibility.
+ *
+ * @param {string} fromTicker
+ * @param {string} toTicker
+ * @param {string|null} tickerPattern - Regex pattern for ticker validation
+ * @param {Object|null} marketsLookup - Map of sorted coin key → market object from Redux
+ * @param {Array|null} coins - Coins array for ID resolution when using marketsLookup
+ * @returns {{ pair: string, side: 'buy'|'sell' }|null}
+ */
+const deriveClobPairAndSide = (fromTicker, toTicker, tickerPattern = null, marketsLookup = null, coins = null) => {
+  const TICKER_RE = getTickerRe(tickerPattern);
+  const from = fromTicker.toUpperCase();
+  const to = toTicker.toUpperCase();
+  if (!TICKER_RE.test(from) || !TICKER_RE.test(to) || from === to) {
+    if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development') {
+      console.warn(`deriveClobPairAndSide: invalid tickers "${fromTicker}" / "${toTicker}" — CLOB estimation skipped`);
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  // Try to resolve from admin-defined markets
+  if (marketsLookup && coins) {
+    const fromCoin = coins.find((c) => c.ticker.toUpperCase() === from);
+    const toCoin = coins.find((c) => c.ticker.toUpperCase() === to);
+    if (fromCoin && toCoin) {
+      const key = fromCoin.id < toCoin.id ? `${fromCoin.id}|${toCoin.id}` : `${toCoin.id}|${fromCoin.id}`;
+      const market = marketsLookup[key];
+      if (market && market.pair) {
+        const parts = market.pair.split('-');
+        const baseTicker = parts[0];
+        // buy = spending quote to get base, sell = spending base to get quote
+        const side = from === baseTicker ? 'sell' : 'buy';
+        return { pair: market.pair, side };
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Fallback: alphabetical sorting (backward compatible)
+  const [first, second] = [from, to].sort();
+  const pair = `${first}-${second}`;
+  const side = from === first ? 'buy' : 'sell';
+  return { pair, side };
+};
+
 // Estimate a single path
-export const estimatePath = async (pools, path, inputCoin, amountIn, coins) => {
-  let currentAmount = new BigNumber(amountIn).shiftedBy(inputCoin.dp || 8);
+export const estimatePath = (pools, path, inputCoin, amountIn, coins, orderbooks = null, userOrders = null, clobFees = null, marketsLookup = null) => {
+  // ── Path validation (mirrors backend deriveQueueNamesAndPoolConditions) ──
+  // Reject paths that the backend would reject, preventing the user from seeing
+  // an estimate for an unsubmittable swap. (Audit fix L4, 2026-03-17)
+  if (!path || path.length === 0) {return null;}
+  // Max path length: aligned with backend executeSwapCore (swapCore.mjs) which
+  // rejects paths longer than 10 hops. Without this, a direct call to
+  // estimatePath with a crafted long path would execute without bounds,
+  // consuming CPU on the client. (Audit fix M5, 2026-03-18)
+  if (path.length > 10) {return null;}
+  const usedPairs = new Set();
+  for (let i = 0; i < path.length; i += 1) {
+    const step = path[i];
+    if (!step || typeof step.from !== 'string' || typeof step.to !== 'string') {return null;} // invalid step structure
+    if (step.from === step.to) {return null;} // self-pair
+    if (i > 0 && step.from !== path[i - 1].to) {return null;} // discontinuous
+    const [first, second] = [step.from.toUpperCase(), step.to.toUpperCase()].sort();
+    const pairKey = `${first}-${second}`;
+    if (usedPairs.has(pairKey)) {return null;} // duplicate pair usage
+    usedPairs.add(pairKey);
+  }
+
+  let currentAmount = new BigNumber(amountIn).shiftedBy(getDp(inputCoin));
   let currentCoin = inputCoin;
-  let priceImpact = 0;
   const intermediateAmounts = [];
+  const enrichedPath = []; // Path steps enriched with venue decision
   let updatedPools = [...pools]; // Clone pools to simulate reserve updates
+  let clobEstimateLowConfidence = false; // Set when CLOB simulation used equal-split fallback (Audit fix M4, 2026-03-17)
+  let spilloverEstimateLowConfidence = false; // Set when CLOB+AMM spillover uses potentially stale pool reserves (Audit fix M4, 2026-03-17)
 
-  for (const step of path) {
-    const poolIndex = updatedPools.findIndex(
-      (p) =>
-        (p.coinA.ticker === step.from && p.coinB.ticker === step.to) ||
-        (p.coinB.ticker === step.from && p.coinA.ticker === step.to)
-    );
-    if (poolIndex === -1 || !updatedPools[poolIndex].runesCompliant) {return null;}
+  // Price impact (Option C — audit fix L6, 2026-03-16):
+  // Compute the marginal (spot) rate at each hop — what 1 unit of input would
+  // receive at the best available price, before any size-dependent slippage.
+  // The compound product of per-hop marginal rates gives the ideal end-to-end
+  // rate. Comparing that against the actual rate isolates pure size-dependent
+  // price impact, correctly compounding across multi-hop paths without double-
+  // counting fees (fees affect both marginal and actual rates equally).
+  let compoundMarginalRate = new BigNumber(1); // product of per-hop marginal rates (output-whole / input-whole)
+
+  // Build pool lookup map for O(1) per-hop resolution instead of O(pools) findIndex.
+  // Key: sorted "TICKERA-TICKERB" → index in updatedPools array.
+  // Rebuilt from updatedPools (not the original pools) so reserve updates from
+  // earlier hops are visible to later hops. (Audit fix L2, 2026-03-18)
+  const buildPoolLookup = (poolList) => {
+    const map = new Map();
+    for (let idx = 0; idx < poolList.length; idx += 1) {
+      const p = poolList[idx];
+      if (!p || !p.coinA || !p.coinB) {continue;}
+      const key = [p.coinA.ticker, p.coinB.ticker].sort().join('-');
+      map.set(key, idx);
+    }
+    return map;
+  };
+  let poolLookup = buildPoolLookup(updatedPools);
 
-    const pool = updatedPools[poolIndex];
-    const isCoinAInput = pool.coinA.ticker === step.from;
+  for (let stepIdx = 0; stepIdx < path.length; stepIdx += 1) {
+    const step = path[stepIdx];
+    const lookupKey = [step.from, step.to].sort().join('-');
+    const poolIndex = poolLookup.get(lookupKey) ?? -1;
+
+    const pool = poolIndex !== -1 ? updatedPools[poolIndex] : null;
+    // Snapshot pre-hop reserves for marginal rate calculation. The venue
+    // selection block below may update updatedPools[poolIndex] (e.g., for
+    // CLOB+AMM spillover), which mutates the pool reference. The marginal
+    // rate must use pre-hop reserves (the spot rate before this hop
+    // executes). (Audit fix M5, 2026-03-18)
+    const preHopReserveA = pool ? pool.reserveA : null;
+    const preHopReserveB = pool ? pool.reserveB : null;
     const outputCoin = coins.find((c) => c.ticker === step.to);
     if (!outputCoin) {return null;}
 
-    const currentCoinDp = currentCoin.dp || 8;
+    const currentCoinDp = getDp(currentCoin);
+    const outputCoinDp = getDp(outputCoin);
     const smallestUnit = new BigNumber(1).shiftedBy(-currentCoinDp);
     if (new BigNumber(currentAmount).shiftedBy(-currentCoinDp).lt(smallestUnit)) {
       return null;
     }
 
-    const swapResult = simulateSwap(pool, currentCoin, currentAmount, isCoinAInput);
-    if (!swapResult || swapResult.amountOut.lte(0)) {return null;}
+    // Cap intermediate amounts to prevent excessive BigNumber arithmetic from
+    // hanging the client. Matches the backend's 1e25 whole-unit cap in
+    // fillFromOrderBook.mjs and placeOrder.mjs. An extreme intermediate amount
+    // (from a manipulated pool reserve in the socket payload) could cause
+    // BigNumber operations to take excessive time. (Audit fix M12, 2026-03-18)
+    const MAX_INTERMEDIATE_WHOLE = new BigNumber('1e30');
+    if (new BigNumber(currentAmount).gt(MAX_INTERMEDIATE_WHOLE)) {
+      return null;
+    }
 
-    const { amountOut: amountOutBN, updatedPool } = swapResult;
+    // For intermediate hops, validate against per-coin swap minimum input.
+    // The backend rejects swaps where any intermediate amount is below the
+    // coin's swapMinimumInput. Checking here prevents showing an estimate
+    // that would be rejected on submission. (Audit fix S7, 2026-03-16)
+    if (stepIdx > 0 && currentCoin.swapMinimumInput) {
+      const swapMin = new BigNumber(currentCoin.swapMinimumInput);
+      const currentAmountHuman = new BigNumber(currentAmount).shiftedBy(-currentCoinDp);
+      if (swapMin.gt(0) && currentAmountHuman.lt(swapMin)) {
+        return null;
+      }
+    }
 
-    // Update the pool in the cloned pools array
-    updatedPools[poolIndex] = updatedPool;
+    // AMM simulation (only if pool exists and is compliant)
+    let ammOut = null;
+    let swapResult = null;
+    if (pool && pool.runesCompliant) {
+      const isCoinAInput = pool.coinA.ticker === step.from;
+      swapResult = simulateSwap(pool, currentCoin, currentAmount, isCoinAInput);
+      if (swapResult && swapResult.amountOut.gt(0)) {
+        ammOut = swapResult.amountOut;
+      }
+    }
 
-    const reserveA = new BigNumber(pool.reserveA);
-    const reserveB = new BigNumber(pool.reserveB);
-    const spotPrice = isCoinAInput ? reserveB.div(reserveA) : reserveA.div(reserveB);
-    const totalFeeRate = new BigNumber(pool.lpFeeRate).plus(pool.treasuryFeeRate).div(100);
-    const effectivePrice = amountOutBN.div(
-      currentAmount.times(new BigNumber(1).minus(totalFeeRate))
-    );
-    const stepPriceImpact = spotPrice.minus(effectivePrice).div(spotPrice).abs().toNumber();
-    priceImpact += stepPriceImpact;
+    // CLOB simulation
+    let clobOut = null;
+    let clobResult = null;
+    if (orderbooks) {
+      const clobPairInfo = deriveClobPairAndSide(step.from, step.to, clobFees?.tickerPattern, marketsLookup, coins);
+      if (clobPairInfo) {
+        const { pair: clobPair, side: clobSide } = clobPairInfo;
+        const depth = orderbooks[clobPair];
+        if (depth) {
+          clobResult = simulateClobFill(depth, clobSide, currentAmount, currentCoinDp, outputCoinDp, userOrders, clobPair, clobFees);
+          if (clobResult && clobResult.amountOut.gt(0)) {
+            clobOut = clobResult.amountOut;
+            if (clobResult.usedEqualSplitFallback) {clobEstimateLowConfidence = true;}
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Pick best venue, with CLOB+AMM spillover support.
+    // The backend (swapCore.mjs) can split a first-hop across CLOB and AMM when
+    // CLOB only partially fills the input. We simulate this here:
+    // 1. If CLOB gives better output AND fully consumes input → pure CLOB
+    // 2. If CLOB gives better output but partially fills → CLOB output + AMM on remainder
+    // 3. Otherwise → pure AMM (or pure CLOB if no pool)
+    let amountOutBN;
+    let venue;
+    if (ammOut && clobOut) {
+      // Check if CLOB fully consumed the input
+      const clobFullyFilled = clobResult && clobResult.remainingInput && clobResult.remainingInput.lte(0);
+
+      if (clobOut.gt(ammOut)) {
+        // CLOB is better — use it
+        if (clobFullyFilled) {
+          amountOutBN = clobOut;
+          venue = 'clob';
+        } else if (pool && pool.runesCompliant && clobResult.remainingInput.gt(0)) {
+          // CLOB partial fill + AMM spillover: the backend handles this for all
+          // hops (swapCore.mjs routes the unconsumed CLOB remainder through AMM
+          // at every hop, not just the first). (Comment corrected, audit fix M6, 2026-03-17)
+          const isCoinAInput = pool.coinA.ticker === step.from;
+          const remainderResult = simulateSwap(pool, currentCoin, clobResult.remainingInput, isCoinAInput);
+          if (remainderResult && remainderResult.amountOut.gt(0)) {
+            // Apply a conservative 1% discount to the AMM spillover portion.
+            // The AMM remainder estimate uses pool reserves from the last socket
+            // update, which may be stale by seconds. In volatile markets this can
+            // cause the combined estimate to diverge from actual execution (where
+            // the backend uses reserves locked FOR UPDATE). The discount prevents
+            // the user's derived minAmountOut from being set too aggressively,
+            // reducing slippage failures on execution.
+            // (Audit fix M1, 2026-03-18; supplements M4 low-confidence flag)
+            const spilloverDiscount = new BigNumber('0.99');
+            const discountedAmmOut = remainderResult.amountOut.times(spilloverDiscount).integerValue(BigNumber.ROUND_DOWN);
+            amountOutBN = clobOut.plus(discountedAmmOut);
+            venue = 'clob+amm';
+            spilloverEstimateLowConfidence = true;
+            updatedPools[poolIndex] = remainderResult.updatedPool;
+          } else {
+            // AMM can't handle remainder — compare pure CLOB (partial) vs pure AMM (full)
+            if (clobOut.gt(ammOut)) {
+              // Even partial CLOB beats full AMM — but backend would reject on
+              // intermediate hops. For first hop, backend also rejects if no pool.
+              // Use AMM as it processes the full amount.
+              amountOutBN = ammOut;
+              venue = 'amm';
+              updatedPools[poolIndex] = swapResult.updatedPool;
+            } else {
+              amountOutBN = ammOut;
+              venue = 'amm';
+              updatedPools[poolIndex] = swapResult.updatedPool;
+            }
+          }
+        } else {
+          // Partial CLOB fill, no pool for spillover — pure CLOB still better
+          // Note: backend would reject this on first hop without a pool, but for
+          // estimation we show the best possible output. The actual execution will
+          // fail with an appropriate error if liquidity is insufficient.
+          amountOutBN = clobOut;
+          venue = 'clob';
+        }
+      } else {
+        amountOutBN = ammOut;
+        venue = 'amm';
+        updatedPools[poolIndex] = swapResult.updatedPool;
+      }
+    } else if (ammOut) {
+      amountOutBN = ammOut;
+      venue = 'amm';
+      updatedPools[poolIndex] = swapResult.updatedPool;
+    } else if (clobOut) {
+      amountOutBN = clobOut;
+      venue = 'clob';
+    } else {
+      return null; // No liquidity from either venue
+    }
+
+    // ── Per-hop marginal rate for price impact (audit fix L6) ──
+    // Compute the output a hypothetically tiny trade would receive at the
+    // current spot/best price. This is the "zero-size" rate — the rate before
+    // any size-dependent slippage. All values are in whole units so the ratio
+    // is unit-consistent across hops regardless of decimal places.
+    //
+    // AMM: marginal rate = reserveOut / reserveIn (constant-product spot price,
+    //   already accounts for fee structure since fees are deducted from input
+    //   before the x*y=k calculation — a tiny trade has the same fee rate).
+    // CLOB: marginal rate = output from 1 unit at best price level (with fees).
+    //   For buy: 1 quote-whole buys (10^baseDp / bestPrice) base-whole.
+    //   For sell: 1 base-whole receives (bestPrice / 10^baseDp) quote-whole.
+    //   Taker fee is deducted from output, matching the actual fill path.
+    let hopMarginalRate = null;
+
+    if (pool && pool.runesCompliant && (venue === 'amm' || venue === 'clob+amm')) {
+      // AMM marginal rate from pre-hop reserves. Uses the snapshotted values
+      // captured BEFORE venue selection (preHopReserveA/B) so that CLOB+AMM
+      // spillover — which updates updatedPools[poolIndex] — cannot affect the
+      // marginal rate computation. The marginal rate should reflect the spot
+      // price BEFORE this hop executes, not after partial reserve consumption.
+      // (Audit fix M5, 2026-03-18)
+      const isCoinAInput = pool.coinA.ticker === step.from;
+      const reserveA = new BigNumber(preHopReserveA);
+      const reserveB = new BigNumber(preHopReserveB);
+      if (!reserveA.isZero() && !reserveB.isZero()) {
+        // Marginal rate in output-whole per input-whole (after fees)
+        const totalFeeRate = new BigNumber(pool.lpFeeRate).plus(pool.treasuryFeeRate).div(100);
+        const feeMultiplier = new BigNumber(1).minus(totalFeeRate);
+        hopMarginalRate = isCoinAInput
+          ? reserveB.div(reserveA).times(feeMultiplier)
+          : reserveA.div(reserveB).times(feeMultiplier);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if ((venue === 'clob' || venue === 'clob+amm') && !hopMarginalRate) {
+      // CLOB-only or CLOB+AMM where pool is missing: use best price level
+      const marginalClobInfo = deriveClobPairAndSide(step.from, step.to, clobFees?.tickerPattern, marketsLookup, coins);
+      const depth = marginalClobInfo && orderbooks && orderbooks[marginalClobInfo.pair];
+      const clobSide = marginalClobInfo?.side;
+      if (depth) {
+        const clobLevels = clobSide === 'buy' ? (depth.asks || []) : (depth.bids || []);
+        if (clobLevels.length > 0) {
+          const bestPriceHuman = new BigNumber(clobLevels[0][0]);
+          if (bestPriceHuman.gt(0)) {
+            const TAKER_FEE_RATE = new BigNumber(clobFees?.takerFeeRate || '0.002');
+            const feeMultiplier = new BigNumber(1).minus(TAKER_FEE_RATE);
+            if (clobSide === 'buy') {
+              // 1 quote-whole → (10^baseDp / bestPrice_whole) base-whole, after fee
+              // bestPrice_whole = bestPriceHuman * 10^quoteDp where quoteDp = inputDp
+              const bestPriceWhole = bestPriceHuman.shiftedBy(currentCoinDp);
+              hopMarginalRate = new BigNumber(10).pow(outputCoinDp).div(bestPriceWhole).times(feeMultiplier);
+            } else {
+              // 1 base-whole → (bestPrice_whole / 10^baseDp) quote-whole, after fee
+              // bestPrice_whole = bestPriceHuman * 10^quoteDp where quoteDp = outputDp
+              const bestPriceWhole = bestPriceHuman.shiftedBy(outputCoinDp);
+              hopMarginalRate = bestPriceWhole.div(new BigNumber(10).pow(currentCoinDp)).times(feeMultiplier);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (hopMarginalRate && hopMarginalRate.gt(0) && hopMarginalRate.isFinite()) {
+      compoundMarginalRate = compoundMarginalRate.times(hopMarginalRate);
+    }
+
+    // venueHint is sent to the backend as step.venue — must be 'amm' or 'clob'.
+    // For 'clob+amm' (spillover), hint 'clob' so the backend tries CLOB first
+    // and its own spillover logic routes the remainder through AMM.
+    const venueHint = venue === 'clob+amm' ? 'clob' : venue;
+
+    enrichedPath.push({
+      from: step.from,
+      to: step.to,
+      venue: venueHint,
+      venueDisplay: venue, // preserved for UI display (e.g. "CLOB+AMM")
+      output: amountOutBN.shiftedBy(-outputCoinDp).toString(),
+    });
 
     currentAmount = amountOutBN;
     currentCoin = outputCoin;
     if (step !== path[path.length - 1]) {
       intermediateAmounts.push({
         ticker: step.to,
-        amount: currentAmount.shiftedBy(-(outputCoin.dp || 8)).toString(),
+        amount: currentAmount.shiftedBy(-outputCoinDp).toString(),
       });
     }
   }
 
   const outputCoin = coins.find((c) => c.ticker === path[path.length - 1].to);
-  const outputCoinDp = outputCoin.dp || 8;
+  const outputCoinDp = getDp(outputCoin);
   if (
     new BigNumber(currentAmount)
       .shiftedBy(-outputCoinDp)
@@ -295,23 +1264,52 @@ export const estimatePath = async (pools, path, inputCoin, amountIn, coins) => {
     return null;
   }
 
+  // End-to-end price impact (audit fix L6, 2026-03-16):
+  // Compare the actual execution rate against the compound marginal (spot) rate.
+  // actualRate = totalOutput / totalInput (in whole units)
+  // marginalRate = compoundMarginalRate (product of per-hop spot rates)
+  // priceImpact = 1 - (actualRate / marginalRate)
+  //
+  // This correctly captures compounding across multi-hop paths, handles mixed
+  // AMM+CLOB venues uniformly, and isolates size-dependent slippage from fees
+  // (fees are present in both the marginal and actual rates, so they cancel out).
+  let priceImpact = 0;
+  const inputWhole = new BigNumber(amountIn).shiftedBy(getDp(inputCoin));
+  if (inputWhole.gt(0) && compoundMarginalRate.gt(0) && compoundMarginalRate.isFinite()) {
+    const actualRate = currentAmount.div(inputWhole);
+    const impactRatio = actualRate.div(compoundMarginalRate);
+    // 1 - impactRatio: positive means user gets less than spot (normal slippage)
+    const impact = new BigNumber(1).minus(impactRatio).toNumber();
+    if (Number.isFinite(impact) && impact >= 0) {
+      priceImpact = impact;
+    }
+  }
+
   return {
     amountOut: currentAmount,
-    priceImpact: priceImpact / path.length,
+    priceImpact,
     intermediateAmounts,
     updatedPools,
+    enrichedPath,
+    ...(clobEstimateLowConfidence ? { clobEstimateLowConfidence: true } : {}),
+    ...(spilloverEstimateLowConfidence ? { spilloverEstimateLowConfidence: true } : {}),
   };
 };
 
 // Main estimateSwap function
-export const estimateSwap = async (
+// orderbooks: optional { [pair]: { bids, asks } } for CLOB comparison per hop
+export const estimateSwap = (
   inputCoin,
   outputCoin,
   amountIn,
   pools,
   coins,
   maxHops = 6,
-  algorithm = 'dfs' // Default to DFS
+  algorithm = 'dfs', // Default to DFS
+  orderbooks = null,
+  userOrders = null,
+  clobFees = null,
+  marketsLookup = null,
 ) => {
   // Validate inputs
   if (!inputCoin || !outputCoin) {
@@ -319,8 +1317,12 @@ export const estimateSwap = async (
   }
   validatePositiveNumber(amountIn, 'amountIn');
   validatePositiveNumber(maxHops, 'maxHops');
-  if (maxHops < 1 || maxHops > 14) {
-    throw new Error('Max hops must be between 1 and 14');
+  // Aligned with backend limit: swapCore.mjs rejects paths longer than 10 hops,
+  // and the swap route (api/routes/swap/swap.mjs) validates path.length <= 10.
+  // Previously 14, which allowed the frontend to display routes the backend
+  // would reject on submission. (Audit fix H5, 2026-03-17)
+  if (maxHops < 1 || maxHops > 10) {
+    throw new Error('Max hops must be between 1 and 10');
   }
   if (!['dfs', 'bfs'].includes(algorithm)) {
     throw new Error('Invalid algorithm: must be "dfs" or "bfs"');
@@ -332,7 +1334,7 @@ export const estimateSwap = async (
     throw new Error(`Coin not found: ${inputCoin.ticker} or ${outputCoin.ticker}`);
   }
 
-  const inputCoinDp = inputCoinData.dp || 8;
+  const inputCoinDp = getDp(inputCoinData);
   const amountInBN = new BigNumber(amountIn);
   if (amountInBN.decimalPlaces() > inputCoinDp) {
     throw new Error(
@@ -347,10 +1349,22 @@ export const estimateSwap = async (
     );
   }
 
-  // Find all paths using the specified algorithm
-  const paths = findAllPaths(inputCoinData, outputCoinData, pools, maxHops, algorithm);
+  // Validate against per-coin swap minimum input. The backend rejects swaps
+  // below this threshold, so checking here prevents the user from seeing an
+  // estimate that would be rejected on submission. (Audit fix L5, 2026-03-16)
+  if (inputCoinData.swapMinimumInput) {
+    const swapMin = new BigNumber(inputCoinData.swapMinimumInput);
+    if (swapMin.gt(0) && amountInBN.lt(swapMin)) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Input amount ${amountIn} ${inputCoin.ticker} is less than the swap minimum (${swapMin.toString()})`
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Find all paths using the specified algorithm (include orderbook pairs in graph)
+  const paths = findAllPaths(inputCoinData, outputCoinData, pools, maxHops, algorithm, coins, orderbooks);
   if (!paths.length) {
-    throw new Error('No valid swap paths found with RUNES-compliant pools');
+    throw new Error('No valid swap paths found');
   }
 
   // Estimate each path
@@ -359,7 +1373,7 @@ export const estimateSwap = async (
   let bestResult = null;
 
   for (const path of paths) {
-    const result = await estimatePath(pools, path, inputCoinData, amountIn, coins);
+    const result = estimatePath(pools, path, inputCoinData, amountIn, coins, orderbooks, userOrders, clobFees, marketsLookup);
     if (result && result.amountOut.gt(maxAmountOut)) {
       maxAmountOut = result.amountOut;
       bestPath = path;
@@ -371,28 +1385,40 @@ export const estimateSwap = async (
     throw new Error('No valid swap path with positive output using RUNES-compliant pools');
   }
 
-  // Calculate USD prices
-  const runesPriceUSD = await getRunesPriceUSD(pools);
+  // Calculate USD prices. For CLOB-only pairs without a corresponding RUNES
+  // AMM pool, price lookups return '0'. Instead of throwing (which blocks the
+  // entire estimation), return null USD values — the swap path is still valid,
+  // just without USD display data. (Audit fix L5, 2026-03-18)
+  const runesPriceUSD = getRunesPriceUSD(pools);
   const priceAInRunes = getTokenPriceInRunes(inputCoinData, pools);
   const priceBInRunes = getTokenPriceInRunes(outputCoinData, pools);
-  if (!priceAInRunes || priceAInRunes === '0' || !priceBInRunes || priceBInRunes === '0') {
-    throw new Error('Pool not initialized or invalid token');
-  }
+  const hasUsdPrices = priceAInRunes && priceAInRunes !== '0' && priceBInRunes && priceBInRunes !== '0';
 
-  const priceAUSD = new BigNumber(priceAInRunes).times(runesPriceUSD).toString();
-  const priceBUSD = new BigNumber(priceBInRunes).times(runesPriceUSD).toString();
-  const inputValueUSD = new BigNumber(amountIn).times(priceAUSD).toString();
+  let priceAUSD = null;
+  let priceBUSD = null;
+  let inputValueUSD = null;
+  let outputValueUSD = null;
+  let afterSwapPrices = null;
 
-  const outputValueUSD = maxAmountOut
-    .shiftedBy(-outputCoinData.dp)
-    .times(priceBUSD)
-    .toString();
+  if (hasUsdPrices) {
+    priceAUSD = new BigNumber(priceAInRunes).times(runesPriceUSD).toString();
+    priceBUSD = new BigNumber(priceBInRunes).times(runesPriceUSD).toString();
+    inputValueUSD = new BigNumber(amountIn).times(priceAUSD).toString();
+    outputValueUSD = maxAmountOut
+      .shiftedBy(-outputCoinData.dp)
+      .times(priceBUSD)
+      .toString();
 
-  // After-swap prices: use the already-simulated updated pools from bestResult
-  // (estimatePath already tracks post-swap reserve states, no need to re-simulate)
-  const runesPriceUSDAfter = getRunesPriceUSD(bestResult.updatedPools);
-  const priceAInRunesAfter = new BigNumber(getTokenPriceInRunes(inputCoinData, bestResult.updatedPools));
-  const priceBInRunesAfter = new BigNumber(getTokenPriceInRunes(outputCoinData, bestResult.updatedPools));
+    // After-swap prices: use the already-simulated updated pools from bestResult
+    // (estimatePath already tracks post-swap reserve states, no need to re-simulate)
+    const runesPriceUSDAfter = getRunesPriceUSD(bestResult.updatedPools);
+    const priceAInRunesAfter = new BigNumber(getTokenPriceInRunes(inputCoinData, bestResult.updatedPools));
+    const priceBInRunesAfter = new BigNumber(getTokenPriceInRunes(outputCoinData, bestResult.updatedPools));
+    afterSwapPrices = {
+      [inputCoin.ticker]: priceAInRunesAfter.times(runesPriceUSDAfter).toString(),
+      [outputCoin.ticker]: priceBInRunesAfter.times(runesPriceUSDAfter).toString(),
+    };
+  }
 
   return {
     input: {
@@ -400,24 +1426,28 @@ export const estimateSwap = async (
       amount: amountIn,
       priceUSD: priceAUSD,
       valueUSD: inputValueUSD,
-      priceInRunes: priceAInRunes,
+      priceInRunes: priceAInRunes || '0',
     },
     output: {
       token: outputCoin.ticker,
       amount: maxAmountOut.shiftedBy(-outputCoinData.dp).toString(),
       priceUSD: priceBUSD,
       valueUSD: outputValueUSD,
-      priceInRunes: priceBInRunes,
+      priceInRunes: priceBInRunes || '0',
     },
     slippage: {
       priceImpact: bestResult.priceImpact * 100,
       intermediateAmounts: bestResult.intermediateAmounts,
     },
-    afterSwapPrices: {
-      [inputCoin.ticker]: priceAInRunesAfter.times(runesPriceUSDAfter).toString(),
-      [outputCoin.ticker]: priceBInRunesAfter.times(runesPriceUSDAfter).toString(),
-    },
-    path: bestPath,
+    afterSwapPrices,
+    path: bestResult.enrichedPath,
     algorithm, // Include algorithm in the response
+    // Low-confidence flags: when set, the estimate may diverge from actual
+    // execution. The UI should display a warning (e.g. wider slippage recommended).
+    // - clobEstimateLowConfidence: CLOB used equal-split fallback (no per-order sizes)
+    // - spilloverEstimateLowConfidence: CLOB+AMM split used potentially stale pool reserves
+    // (Audit fix M4, 2026-03-17)
+    ...(bestResult.clobEstimateLowConfidence ? { clobEstimateLowConfidence: true } : {}),
+    ...(bestResult.spilloverEstimateLowConfidence ? { spilloverEstimateLowConfidence: true } : {}),
   };
-};
+};