@rtzh/engine 0.0.10 → 0.0.12

package/Source/Scene/Model/MaterialPipelineStage.js

@@ -1,869 +1,919 @@
-import defined from "../../Core/defined.js";
-import Cartesian3 from "../../Core/Cartesian3.js";
-import Cartesian4 from "../../Core/Cartesian4.js";
-import Matrix3 from "../../Core/Matrix3.js";
-import ShaderDestination from "../../Renderer/ShaderDestination.js";
-import Pass from "../../Renderer/Pass.js";
-import MaterialStageFS from "../../Shaders/Model/MaterialStageFS.js";
-import AlphaMode from "../AlphaMode.js";
-import ModelComponents from "../ModelComponents.js";
-import VertexAttributeSemantic from "../VertexAttributeSemantic.js";
-import LightingModel from "./LightingModel.js";
-import ModelUtility from "./ModelUtility.js";
-
-const { Material, MetallicRoughness, SpecularGlossiness, Specular, Clearcoat } =
-  ModelComponents;
-
-/**
- * The material pipeline stage processes textures and other uniforms needed
- * to render a primitive. This handles the following material types:
- * <ul>
- *   <li>Basic glTF materials (PBR metallic roughness model)</li>
- *   <li>The `KHR_materials_specular` glTF extension</li>
- *   <li>The `KHR_materials_pbrSpecularGlossiness` glTF extension</li>
- *   <li>The `KHR_materials_unlit` glTF extension</li>
- * </ul>
- *
- * @namespace MaterialPipelineStage
- *
- * @private
- */
-const MaterialPipelineStage = {
-  name: "MaterialPipelineStage", // Helps with debugging
-
-  // Expose some methods for testing
-  _processTexture: processTexture,
-  _processTextureTransform: processTextureTransform,
-};
-
-/**
- * Process a primitive. This modifies the following parts of the render
- * resources:
- * <ul>
- *   <li>Modifies the shader to include the material processing stage</li>
- *   <li>Modifies the shader to include additional uniforms for textures and other rendering details</li>
- *   <li>Modifies the lighting options to set either PBR or unlit lighting</li>
- *   <li>Sets the render state for back-face culling</li>
- * </ul>
- * @param {PrimitiveRenderResources} renderResources The render resources for the primitive
- * @param {ModelComponents.Primitive} primitive The primitive to be rendered
- * @param {FrameState} frameState The frame state.
- * @private
- */
-MaterialPipelineStage.process = function (
-  renderResources,
-  primitive,
-  frameState,
-) {
-  // gltf-pipeline automatically creates a default material so this will always
-  // be defined.
-  const material = primitive.material;
-  const { model, uniformMap, shaderBuilder } = renderResources;
-
-  // Classification models only use position and feature ID attributes,
-  // so textures should be disabled to avoid compile errors.
-  const hasClassification = defined(model.classificationType);
-  const disableTextures = hasClassification;
-
-  // When textures are loaded incrementally, fall back to a default 1x1 texture
-  const { defaultTexture, defaultNormalTexture, defaultEmissiveTexture } =
-    frameState.context;
-
-  processMaterialUniforms(
-    material,
-    uniformMap,
-    shaderBuilder,
-    defaultTexture,
-    defaultNormalTexture,
-    defaultEmissiveTexture,
-    disableTextures,
-  );
-
-  if (defined(material.specularGlossiness)) {
-    processSpecularGlossinessUniforms(
-      material.specularGlossiness,
-      uniformMap,
-      shaderBuilder,
-      defaultTexture,
-      disableTextures,
-    );
-  } else {
-    if (
-      defined(material.specular) &&
-      ModelUtility.supportedExtensions.KHR_materials_specular
-    ) {
-      processSpecularUniforms(
-        material.specular,
-        uniformMap,
-        shaderBuilder,
-        defaultTexture,
-        disableTextures,
-      );
-    }
-    if (
-      defined(material.anisotropy) &&
-      ModelUtility.supportedExtensions.KHR_materials_anisotropy
-    ) {
-      processAnisotropyUniforms(
-        material.anisotropy,
-        uniformMap,
-        shaderBuilder,
-        defaultTexture,
-        disableTextures,
-      );
-    }
-    if (
-      defined(material.clearcoat) &&
-      ModelUtility.supportedExtensions.KHR_materials_clearcoat
-    ) {
-      processClearcoatUniforms(
-        material.clearcoat,
-        uniformMap,
-        shaderBuilder,
-        defaultTexture,
-        disableTextures,
-      );
-    }
-    processMetallicRoughnessUniforms(
-      material.metallicRoughness,
-      uniformMap,
-      shaderBuilder,
-      defaultTexture,
-      disableTextures,
-    );
-  }
-
-  // If the primitive does not have normals, fall back to unlit lighting.
-  const hasNormals = ModelUtility.getAttributeBySemantic(
-    primitive,
-    VertexAttributeSemantic.NORMAL,
-  );
-
-  // Disable PointCloud normals if the user explicitly turned them off.
-  const disablePointCloudNormals =
-    defined(model.pointCloudShading) && !model.pointCloudShading.normalShading;
-
-  // Classification models will be rendered as unlit.
-  const lightingOptions = renderResources.lightingOptions;
-  if (
-    material.unlit ||
-    !hasNormals ||
-    hasClassification ||
-    disablePointCloudNormals
-  ) {
-    lightingOptions.lightingModel = LightingModel.UNLIT;
-  } else {
-    lightingOptions.lightingModel = LightingModel.PBR;
-  }
-
-  // Configure back-face culling
-  const cull = model.backFaceCulling && !material.doubleSided;
-  renderResources.renderStateOptions.cull.enabled = cull;
-
-  const alphaOptions = renderResources.alphaOptions;
-  if (material.alphaMode === AlphaMode.BLEND) {
-    alphaOptions.pass = Pass.TRANSLUCENT;
-  } else if (material.alphaMode === AlphaMode.MASK) {
-    alphaOptions.alphaCutoff = material.alphaCutoff;
-  }
-
-  shaderBuilder.addFragmentLines(MaterialStageFS);
-
-  if (material.doubleSided) {
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_DOUBLE_SIDED_MATERIAL",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.BOTH,
-    );
-  }
-};
-
-/**
- * Process a single texture transformation and add it to the shader and uniform map.
- *
- * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder The shader builder to modify
- * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
- * @param {ModelComponents.TextureReader} textureReader The texture to add to the shader
- * @param {string} uniformName The name of the sampler uniform such as <code>u_baseColorTexture</code>
- * @param {string} defineName The name of the texture for use in the defines, minus any prefix or suffix. For example, "BASE_COLOR" or "EMISSIVE"
- *
- * @private
- */
-function processTextureTransform(
-  shaderBuilder,
-  uniformMap,
-  textureReader,
-  uniformName,
-  defineName,
-) {
-  // Add a define to enable the texture transformation code in the shader.
-  const transformDefine = `HAS_${defineName}_TEXTURE_TRANSFORM`;
-  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-    transformDefine,
-    undefined,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-
-  // Add a uniform for the transformation matrix
-  const transformUniformName = `${uniformName}Transform`;
-  shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-    "mat3",
-    transformUniformName,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-  uniformMap[transformUniformName] = function () {
-    return textureReader.transform;
-  };
-}
-
-/**
- * Process a single texture scale and add it to the shader and uniform map.
- *
- * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder The shader builder to modify
- * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
- * @param {ModelComponents.TextureReader} textureReader The texture to add to the shader
- * @param {string} uniformName The name of the sampler uniform such as <code>u_baseColorTexture</code>
- * @param {string} defineName The name of the texture for use in the defines, minus any prefix or suffix. For example, "BASE_COLOR" or "EMISSIVE"
- *
- * @private
- */
-function processTextureScale(
-  shaderBuilder,
-  uniformMap,
-  textureReader,
-  uniformName,
-  defineName,
-) {
-  // Add a define to enable the texture transformation code in the shader.
-  const transformDefine = `HAS_${defineName}_TEXTURE_SCALE`;
-  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-    transformDefine,
-    undefined,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-
-  // Add a uniform for the transformation matrix
-  const scaleUniformName = `${uniformName}Scale`;
-  shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-    "float",
-    scaleUniformName,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-  uniformMap[scaleUniformName] = function () {
-    return textureReader.scale;
-  };
-}
-
-/**
- * Process a single texture and add it to the shader and uniform map.
- *
- * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder The shader builder to modify
- * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
- * @param {ModelComponents.TextureReader} textureReader The texture to add to the shader
- * @param {string} uniformName The name of the sampler uniform such as <code>u_baseColorTexture</code>
- * @param {string} defineName The name of the texture for use in the defines, minus any prefix or suffix. For example, "BASE_COLOR" or "EMISSIVE"
- *
- * @private
- */
-function processTexture(
-  shaderBuilder,
-  uniformMap,
-  textureReader,
-  uniformName,
-  defineName,
-  defaultTexture,
-) {
-  // Add a uniform for the texture itself
-  shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-    "sampler2D",
-    uniformName,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-  uniformMap[uniformName] = function () {
-    return textureReader.texture ?? defaultTexture;
-  };
-
-  // Add a #define directive to enable using the texture in the shader
-  const textureDefine = `HAS_${defineName}_TEXTURE`;
-  shaderBuilder.addDefine(textureDefine, undefined, ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT);
-
-  // Add a #define to tell the shader which texture coordinates varying to use.
-  const texCoordIndex = textureReader.texCoord;
-  const texCoordVarying = `v_texCoord_${texCoordIndex}`;
-  const texCoordDefine = `TEXCOORD_${defineName}`;
-  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-    texCoordDefine,
-    texCoordVarying,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-
-  // Some textures have matrix transforms (e.g. for texture atlases). Add those
-  // to the shader if present.
-  const textureTransform = textureReader.transform;
-  if (
-    defined(textureTransform) &&
-    !Matrix3.equals(textureTransform, Matrix3.IDENTITY)
-  ) {
-    processTextureTransform(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      textureReader,
-      uniformName,
-      defineName,
-    );
-  }
-
-  const { scale } = textureReader;
-  if (defined(scale) && scale !== 1.0) {
-    processTextureScale(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      textureReader,
-      uniformName,
-      defineName,
-    );
-  }
-}
-
-function processMaterialUniforms(
-  material,
-  uniformMap,
-  shaderBuilder,
-  defaultTexture,
-  defaultNormalTexture,
-  defaultEmissiveTexture,
-  disableTextures,
-) {
-  const { emissiveFactor, emissiveTexture, normalTexture, occlusionTexture } =
-    material;
-
-  if (
-    defined(emissiveFactor) &&
-    !Cartesian3.equals(emissiveFactor, Material.DEFAULT_EMISSIVE_FACTOR)
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "vec3",
-      "u_emissiveFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_emissiveFactor = function () {
-      return material.emissiveFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_EMISSIVE_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-
-    if (defined(emissiveTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-      processTexture(
-        shaderBuilder,
-        uniformMap,
-        emissiveTexture,
-        "u_emissiveTexture",
-        "EMISSIVE",
-        defaultEmissiveTexture,
-      );
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (defined(normalTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      normalTexture,
-      "u_normalTexture",
-      "NORMAL",
-      defaultNormalTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (defined(occlusionTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      occlusionTexture,
-      "u_occlusionTexture",
-      "OCCLUSION",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Add uniforms and defines for the KHR_materials_pbrSpecularGlossiness extension
- *
- * @param {ModelComponents.SpecularGlossiness} specularGlossiness
- * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
- * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
- * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
- * @param {boolean} disableTextures
- * @private
- */
-function processSpecularGlossinessUniforms(
-  specularGlossiness,
-  uniformMap,
-  shaderBuilder,
-  defaultTexture,
-  disableTextures,
-) {
-  const {
-    diffuseTexture,
-    diffuseFactor,
-    specularGlossinessTexture,
-    specularFactor,
-    glossinessFactor,
-  } = specularGlossiness;
-
-  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-    "USE_SPECULAR_GLOSSINESS",
-    undefined,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-
-  if (defined(diffuseTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      diffuseTexture,
-      "u_diffuseTexture",
-      "DIFFUSE",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (
-    defined(diffuseFactor) &&
-    !Cartesian4.equals(diffuseFactor, SpecularGlossiness.DEFAULT_DIFFUSE_FACTOR)
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "vec4",
-      "u_diffuseFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_diffuseFactor = function () {
-      return specularGlossiness.diffuseFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_DIFFUSE_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (defined(specularGlossinessTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      specularGlossinessTexture,
-      "u_specularGlossinessTexture",
-      "SPECULAR_GLOSSINESS",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (
-    defined(specularFactor) &&
-    !Cartesian3.equals(
-      specularFactor,
-      SpecularGlossiness.DEFAULT_SPECULAR_FACTOR,
-    )
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "vec3",
-      "u_legacySpecularFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_legacySpecularFactor = function () {
-      return specularGlossiness.specularFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_LEGACY_SPECULAR_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (
-    defined(glossinessFactor) &&
-    glossinessFactor !== SpecularGlossiness.DEFAULT_GLOSSINESS_FACTOR
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "float",
-      "u_glossinessFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_glossinessFactor = function () {
-      return specularGlossiness.glossinessFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_GLOSSINESS_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Add uniforms and defines for the KHR_materials_specular extension
- *
- * @param {ModelComponents.Specular} specular
- * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
- * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
- * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
- * @param {boolean} disableTextures
- * @private
- */
-function processSpecularUniforms(
-  specular,
-  uniformMap,
-  shaderBuilder,
-  defaultTexture,
-  disableTextures,
-) {
-  const {
-    specularTexture,
-    specularFactor,
-    specularColorTexture,
-    specularColorFactor,
-  } = specular;
-
-  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-    "USE_SPECULAR",
-    undefined,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-
-  if (defined(specularTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      specularTexture,
-      "u_specularTexture",
-      "SPECULAR",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (
-    defined(specularFactor) &&
-    specularFactor !== Specular.DEFAULT_SPECULAR_FACTOR
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "float",
-      "u_specularFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_specularFactor = function () {
-      return specular.specularFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_SPECULAR_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (defined(specularColorTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      specularColorTexture,
-      "u_specularColorTexture",
-      "SPECULAR_COLOR",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (
-    defined(specularColorFactor) &&
-    !Cartesian3.equals(
-      specularColorFactor,
-      Specular.DEFAULT_SPECULAR_COLOR_FACTOR,
-    )
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "vec3",
-      "u_specularColorFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_specularColorFactor = function () {
-      return specular.specularColorFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_SPECULAR_COLOR_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-}
-
-const scratchAnisotropy = new Cartesian3();
-
-/**
- * Add uniforms and defines for the KHR_materials_anisotropy extension
- *
- * @param {ModelComponents.Anisotropy} anisotropy
- * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
- * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
- * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
- * @param {boolean} disableTextures
- * @private
- */
-function processAnisotropyUniforms(
-  anisotropy,
-  uniformMap,
-  shaderBuilder,
-  defaultTexture,
-  disableTextures,
-) {
-  const { anisotropyStrength, anisotropyRotation, anisotropyTexture } =
-    anisotropy;
-
-  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-    "USE_ANISOTROPY",
-    undefined,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-
-  if (defined(anisotropyTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      anisotropyTexture,
-      "u_anisotropyTexture",
-      "ANISOTROPY",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  // Pre-compute cos and sin of rotation, since they are the same for all fragments.
-  // Combine with strength as one vec3 uniform.
-  const cosRotation = Math.cos(anisotropyRotation);
-  const sinRotation = Math.sin(anisotropyRotation);
-  shaderBuilder.addUniform("vec3", "u_anisotropy", ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT);
-  uniformMap.u_anisotropy = function () {
-    return Cartesian3.fromElements(
-      cosRotation,
-      sinRotation,
-      anisotropyStrength,
-      scratchAnisotropy,
-    );
-  };
-}
-
-/**
- * Add uniforms and defines for the KHR_materials_clearcoat extension
- *
- * @param {ModelComponents.Clearcoat} clearcoat
- * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
- * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
- * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
- * @param {boolean} disableTextures
- * @private
- */
-function processClearcoatUniforms(
-  clearcoat,
-  uniformMap,
-  shaderBuilder,
-  defaultTexture,
-  disableTextures,
-) {
-  const {
-    clearcoatFactor,
-    clearcoatTexture,
-    clearcoatRoughnessFactor,
-    clearcoatRoughnessTexture,
-    clearcoatNormalTexture,
-  } = clearcoat;
-
-  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-    "USE_CLEARCOAT",
-    undefined,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-
-  if (
-    defined(clearcoatFactor) &&
-    clearcoatFactor !== Clearcoat.DEFAULT_CLEARCOAT_FACTOR
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "float",
-      "u_clearcoatFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_clearcoatFactor = function () {
-      return clearcoat.clearcoatFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_CLEARCOAT_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (defined(clearcoatTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      clearcoatTexture,
-      "u_clearcoatTexture",
-      "CLEARCOAT",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (
-    defined(clearcoatRoughnessFactor) &&
-    clearcoatFactor !== Clearcoat.DEFAULT_CLEARCOAT_ROUGHNESS_FACTOR
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "float",
-      "u_clearcoatRoughnessFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_clearcoatRoughnessFactor = function () {
-      return clearcoat.clearcoatRoughnessFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_CLEARCOAT_ROUGHNESS_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (defined(clearcoatRoughnessTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      clearcoatRoughnessTexture,
-      "u_clearcoatRoughnessTexture",
-      "CLEARCOAT_ROUGHNESS",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  if (defined(clearcoatNormalTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      clearcoatNormalTexture,
-      "u_clearcoatNormalTexture",
-      "CLEARCOAT_NORMAL",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Add uniforms and defines for the PBR metallic roughness model
- *
- * @param {ModelComponents.MetallicRoughness} metallicRoughness
- * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
- * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
- * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
- * @param {boolean} disableTextures
- * @private
- */
-function processMetallicRoughnessUniforms(
-  metallicRoughness,
-  uniformMap,
-  shaderBuilder,
-  defaultTexture,
-  disableTextures,
-) {
-  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-    "USE_METALLIC_ROUGHNESS",
-    undefined,
-    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-  );
-
-  const baseColorTexture = metallicRoughness.baseColorTexture;
-  if (defined(baseColorTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      baseColorTexture,
-      "u_baseColorTexture",
-      "BASE_COLOR",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  const baseColorFactor = metallicRoughness.baseColorFactor;
-  if (
-    defined(baseColorFactor) &&
-    !Cartesian4.equals(
-      baseColorFactor,
-      MetallicRoughness.DEFAULT_BASE_COLOR_FACTOR,
-    )
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "vec4",
-      "u_baseColorFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_baseColorFactor = function () {
-      return metallicRoughness.baseColorFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_BASE_COLOR_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-
-  const metallicRoughnessTexture = metallicRoughness.metallicRoughnessTexture;
-  if (defined(metallicRoughnessTexture) && !disableTextures) {
-    processTexture(
-      shaderBuilder,
-      uniformMap,
-      metallicRoughnessTexture,
-      "u_metallicRoughnessTexture",
-      "METALLIC_ROUGHNESS",
-      defaultTexture,
-    );
-  }
-
-  const metallicFactor = metallicRoughness.metallicFactor;
-  if (
-    defined(metallicFactor) &&
-    metallicFactor !== MetallicRoughness.DEFAULT_METALLIC_FACTOR
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "float",
-      "u_metallicFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_metallicFactor = function () {
-      return metallicRoughness.metallicFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_METALLIC_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-
-  const roughnessFactor = metallicRoughness.roughnessFactor;
-  if (
-    defined(roughnessFactor) &&
-    roughnessFactor !== MetallicRoughness.DEFAULT_ROUGHNESS_FACTOR
-  ) {
-    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
-      "float",
-      "u_roughnessFactor",
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-    uniformMap.u_roughnessFactor = function () {
-      return metallicRoughness.roughnessFactor;
-    };
-    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
-      "HAS_ROUGHNESS_FACTOR",
-      undefined,
-      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
-    );
-  }
-}
-
-export default MaterialPipelineStage;
+import defined from "../../Core/defined.js";
+import Cartesian3 from "../../Core/Cartesian3.js";
+import Cartesian4 from "../../Core/Cartesian4.js";
+import Matrix3 from "../../Core/Matrix3.js";
+import ShaderDestination from "../../Renderer/ShaderDestination.js";
+import Pass from "../../Renderer/Pass.js";
+import MaterialStageFS from "../../Shaders/Model/MaterialStageFS.js";
+import AlphaMode from "../AlphaMode.js";
+import ModelComponents from "../ModelComponents.js";
+import VertexAttributeSemantic from "../VertexAttributeSemantic.js";
+import LightingModel from "./LightingModel.js";
+import ModelUtility from "./ModelUtility.js";
+
+const { Material, MetallicRoughness, SpecularGlossiness, Specular, Clearcoat } =
+  ModelComponents;
+
+/**
+ * The material pipeline stage processes textures and other uniforms needed
+ * to render a primitive. This handles the following material types:
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>Basic glTF materials (PBR metallic roughness model)</li>
+ *   <li>The `KHR_materials_specular` glTF extension</li>
+ *   <li>The `KHR_materials_pbrSpecularGlossiness` glTF extension</li>
+ *   <li>The `KHR_materials_unlit` glTF extension</li>
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * @namespace MaterialPipelineStage
+ *
+ * @private
+ */
+const MaterialPipelineStage = {
+  name: "MaterialPipelineStage", // Helps with debugging
+
+  // Expose some methods for testing
+  _processTexture: processTexture,
+  _processTextureTransform: processTextureTransform,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Process a primitive. This modifies the following parts of the render
+ * resources:
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>Modifies the shader to include the material processing stage</li>
+ *   <li>Modifies the shader to include additional uniforms for textures and other rendering details</li>
+ *   <li>Modifies the lighting options to set either PBR or unlit lighting</li>
+ *   <li>Sets the render state for back-face culling</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * @param {PrimitiveRenderResources} renderResources The render resources for the primitive
+ * @param {ModelComponents.Primitive} primitive The primitive to be rendered
+ * @param {FrameState} frameState The frame state.
+ * @private
+ */
+MaterialPipelineStage.process = function (
+  renderResources,
+  primitive,
+  frameState,
+) {
+  // gltf-pipeline automatically creates a default material so this will always
+  // be defined.
+  const material = primitive.material;
+  const { model, uniformMap, shaderBuilder } = renderResources;
+
+  // Classification models only use position and feature ID attributes,
+  // so textures should be disabled to avoid compile errors.
+  const hasClassification = defined(model.classificationType);
+  const disableTextures = hasClassification;
+
+  // Collect the texture coordinate sets actually present in the geometry.
+  // Some models reference a texture whose UV set (e.g. TEXCOORD_0) does not
+  // exist on the mesh. If we still generate a `TEXCOORD_*` define for such a
+  // texture, the fragment shader would reference an undeclared
+  // `v_texCoord_n` varying and fail to compile, so those textures are skipped.
+  const texCoordSets = new Set();
+  const attributes = primitive.attributes;
+  for (let i = 0; i < attributes.length; i++) {
+    const attribute = attributes[i];
+    if (
+      attribute.semantic === VertexAttributeSemantic.TEXCOORD &&
+      defined(attribute.setIndex)
+    ) {
+      texCoordSets.add(attribute.setIndex);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // When textures are loaded incrementally, fall back to a default 1x1 texture
+  const { defaultTexture, defaultNormalTexture, defaultEmissiveTexture } =
+    frameState.context;
+
+  processMaterialUniforms(
+    material,
+    uniformMap,
+    shaderBuilder,
+    defaultTexture,
+    defaultNormalTexture,
+    defaultEmissiveTexture,
+    disableTextures,
+    texCoordSets,
+  );
+
+  if (defined(material.specularGlossiness)) {
+    processSpecularGlossinessUniforms(
+      material.specularGlossiness,
+      uniformMap,
+      shaderBuilder,
+      defaultTexture,
+      disableTextures,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  } else {
+    if (
+      defined(material.specular) &&
+      ModelUtility.supportedExtensions.KHR_materials_specular
+    ) {
+      processSpecularUniforms(
+        material.specular,
+        uniformMap,
+        shaderBuilder,
+        defaultTexture,
+        disableTextures,
+        texCoordSets,
+      );
+    }
+    if (
+      defined(material.anisotropy) &&
+      ModelUtility.supportedExtensions.KHR_materials_anisotropy
+    ) {
+      processAnisotropyUniforms(
+        material.anisotropy,
+        uniformMap,
+        shaderBuilder,
+        defaultTexture,
+        disableTextures,
+        texCoordSets,
+      );
+    }
+    if (
+      defined(material.clearcoat) &&
+      ModelUtility.supportedExtensions.KHR_materials_clearcoat
+    ) {
+      processClearcoatUniforms(
+        material.clearcoat,
+        uniformMap,
+        shaderBuilder,
+        defaultTexture,
+        disableTextures,
+        texCoordSets,
+      );
+    }
+    processMetallicRoughnessUniforms(
+      material.metallicRoughness,
+      uniformMap,
+      shaderBuilder,
+      defaultTexture,
+      disableTextures,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  // If the primitive does not have normals, fall back to unlit lighting.
+  const hasNormals = ModelUtility.getAttributeBySemantic(
+    primitive,
+    VertexAttributeSemantic.NORMAL,
+  );
+
+  // Disable PointCloud normals if the user explicitly turned them off.
+  const disablePointCloudNormals =
+    defined(model.pointCloudShading) && !model.pointCloudShading.normalShading;
+
+  // Classification models will be rendered as unlit.
+  const lightingOptions = renderResources.lightingOptions;
+  if (
+    material.unlit ||
+    !hasNormals ||
+    hasClassification ||
+    disablePointCloudNormals
+  ) {
+    lightingOptions.lightingModel = LightingModel.UNLIT;
+  } else {
+    lightingOptions.lightingModel = LightingModel.PBR;
+  }
+
+  // Configure back-face culling
+  const cull = model.backFaceCulling && !material.doubleSided;
+  renderResources.renderStateOptions.cull.enabled = cull;
+
+  const alphaOptions = renderResources.alphaOptions;
+  if (material.alphaMode === AlphaMode.BLEND) {
+    alphaOptions.pass = Pass.TRANSLUCENT;
+  } else if (material.alphaMode === AlphaMode.MASK) {
+    alphaOptions.alphaCutoff = material.alphaCutoff;
+  }
+
+  shaderBuilder.addFragmentLines(MaterialStageFS);
+
+  if (material.doubleSided) {
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_DOUBLE_SIDED_MATERIAL",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.BOTH,
+    );
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Process a single texture transformation and add it to the shader and uniform map.
+ *
+ * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder The shader builder to modify
+ * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
+ * @param {ModelComponents.TextureReader} textureReader The texture to add to the shader
+ * @param {string} uniformName The name of the sampler uniform such as <code>u_baseColorTexture</code>
+ * @param {string} defineName The name of the texture for use in the defines, minus any prefix or suffix. For example, "BASE_COLOR" or "EMISSIVE"
+ *
+ * @private
+ */
+function processTextureTransform(
+  shaderBuilder,
+  uniformMap,
+  textureReader,
+  uniformName,
+  defineName,
+) {
+  // Add a define to enable the texture transformation code in the shader.
+  const transformDefine = `HAS_${defineName}_TEXTURE_TRANSFORM`;
+  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+    transformDefine,
+    undefined,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+
+  // Add a uniform for the transformation matrix
+  const transformUniformName = `${uniformName}Transform`;
+  shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+    "mat3",
+    transformUniformName,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+  uniformMap[transformUniformName] = function () {
+    return textureReader.transform;
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process a single texture scale and add it to the shader and uniform map.
+ *
+ * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder The shader builder to modify
+ * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
+ * @param {ModelComponents.TextureReader} textureReader The texture to add to the shader
+ * @param {string} uniformName The name of the sampler uniform such as <code>u_baseColorTexture</code>
+ * @param {string} defineName The name of the texture for use in the defines, minus any prefix or suffix. For example, "BASE_COLOR" or "EMISSIVE"
+ *
+ * @private
+ */
+function processTextureScale(
+  shaderBuilder,
+  uniformMap,
+  textureReader,
+  uniformName,
+  defineName,
+) {
+  // Add a define to enable the texture transformation code in the shader.
+  const transformDefine = `HAS_${defineName}_TEXTURE_SCALE`;
+  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+    transformDefine,
+    undefined,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+
+  // Add a uniform for the transformation matrix
+  const scaleUniformName = `${uniformName}Scale`;
+  shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+    "float",
+    scaleUniformName,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+  uniformMap[scaleUniformName] = function () {
+    return textureReader.scale;
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Process a single texture and add it to the shader and uniform map.
+ *
+ * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder The shader builder to modify
+ * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
+ * @param {ModelComponents.TextureReader} textureReader The texture to add to the shader
+ * @param {string} uniformName The name of the sampler uniform such as <code>u_baseColorTexture</code>
+ * @param {string} defineName The name of the texture for use in the defines, minus any prefix or suffix. For example, "BASE_COLOR" or "EMISSIVE"
+ *
+ * @private
+ */
+function processTexture(
+  shaderBuilder,
+  uniformMap,
+  textureReader,
+  uniformName,
+  defineName,
+  defaultTexture,
+  texCoordSets,
+) {
+  // If the texture references a texture coordinate set that is not present in
+  // the geometry, skip it entirely. Otherwise the generated fragment shader
+  // would use an undeclared `v_texCoord_n` varying and fail to compile.
+  if (!texCoordSets.has(textureReader.texCoord)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Add a uniform for the texture itself
+  shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+    "sampler2D",
+    uniformName,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+  uniformMap[uniformName] = function () {
+    return textureReader.texture ?? defaultTexture;
+  };
+
+  // Add a #define directive to enable using the texture in the shader
+  const textureDefine = `HAS_${defineName}_TEXTURE`;
+  shaderBuilder.addDefine(textureDefine, undefined, ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT);
+
+  // Add a #define to tell the shader which texture coordinates varying to use.
+  const texCoordIndex = textureReader.texCoord;
+  const texCoordVarying = `v_texCoord_${texCoordIndex}`;
+  const texCoordDefine = `TEXCOORD_${defineName}`;
+  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+    texCoordDefine,
+    texCoordVarying,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+
+  // Some textures have matrix transforms (e.g. for texture atlases). Add those
+  // to the shader if present.
+  const textureTransform = textureReader.transform;
+  if (
+    defined(textureTransform) &&
+    !Matrix3.equals(textureTransform, Matrix3.IDENTITY)
+  ) {
+    processTextureTransform(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      textureReader,
+      uniformName,
+      defineName,
+    );
+  }
+
+  const { scale } = textureReader;
+  if (defined(scale) && scale !== 1.0) {
+    processTextureScale(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      textureReader,
+      uniformName,
+      defineName,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+function processMaterialUniforms(
+  material,
+  uniformMap,
+  shaderBuilder,
+  defaultTexture,
+  defaultNormalTexture,
+  defaultEmissiveTexture,
+  disableTextures,
+  texCoordSets,
+) {
+  const { emissiveFactor, emissiveTexture, normalTexture, occlusionTexture } =
+    material;
+
+  if (
+    defined(emissiveFactor) &&
+    !Cartesian3.equals(emissiveFactor, Material.DEFAULT_EMISSIVE_FACTOR)
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "vec3",
+      "u_emissiveFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_emissiveFactor = function () {
+      return material.emissiveFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_EMISSIVE_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+
+    if (defined(emissiveTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+      processTexture(
+        shaderBuilder,
+        uniformMap,
+        emissiveTexture,
+        "u_emissiveTexture",
+        "EMISSIVE",
+        defaultEmissiveTexture,
+        texCoordSets,
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (defined(normalTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      normalTexture,
+      "u_normalTexture",
+      "NORMAL",
+      defaultNormalTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (defined(occlusionTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      occlusionTexture,
+      "u_occlusionTexture",
+      "OCCLUSION",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add uniforms and defines for the KHR_materials_pbrSpecularGlossiness extension
+ *
+ * @param {ModelComponents.SpecularGlossiness} specularGlossiness
+ * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
+ * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
+ * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
+ * @param {boolean} disableTextures
+ * @private
+ */
+function processSpecularGlossinessUniforms(
+  specularGlossiness,
+  uniformMap,
+  shaderBuilder,
+  defaultTexture,
+  disableTextures,
+  texCoordSets,
+) {
+  const {
+    diffuseTexture,
+    diffuseFactor,
+    specularGlossinessTexture,
+    specularFactor,
+    glossinessFactor,
+  } = specularGlossiness;
+
+  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+    "USE_SPECULAR_GLOSSINESS",
+    undefined,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+
+  if (defined(diffuseTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      diffuseTexture,
+      "u_diffuseTexture",
+      "DIFFUSE",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (
+    defined(diffuseFactor) &&
+    !Cartesian4.equals(diffuseFactor, SpecularGlossiness.DEFAULT_DIFFUSE_FACTOR)
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "vec4",
+      "u_diffuseFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_diffuseFactor = function () {
+      return specularGlossiness.diffuseFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_DIFFUSE_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (defined(specularGlossinessTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      specularGlossinessTexture,
+      "u_specularGlossinessTexture",
+      "SPECULAR_GLOSSINESS",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (
+    defined(specularFactor) &&
+    !Cartesian3.equals(
+      specularFactor,
+      SpecularGlossiness.DEFAULT_SPECULAR_FACTOR,
+    )
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "vec3",
+      "u_legacySpecularFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_legacySpecularFactor = function () {
+      return specularGlossiness.specularFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_LEGACY_SPECULAR_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (
+    defined(glossinessFactor) &&
+    glossinessFactor !== SpecularGlossiness.DEFAULT_GLOSSINESS_FACTOR
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "float",
+      "u_glossinessFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_glossinessFactor = function () {
+      return specularGlossiness.glossinessFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_GLOSSINESS_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add uniforms and defines for the KHR_materials_specular extension
+ *
+ * @param {ModelComponents.Specular} specular
+ * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
+ * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
+ * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
+ * @param {boolean} disableTextures
+ * @private
+ */
+function processSpecularUniforms(
+  specular,
+  uniformMap,
+  shaderBuilder,
+  defaultTexture,
+  disableTextures,
+  texCoordSets,
+) {
+  const {
+    specularTexture,
+    specularFactor,
+    specularColorTexture,
+    specularColorFactor,
+  } = specular;
+
+  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+    "USE_SPECULAR",
+    undefined,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+
+  if (defined(specularTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      specularTexture,
+      "u_specularTexture",
+      "SPECULAR",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (
+    defined(specularFactor) &&
+    specularFactor !== Specular.DEFAULT_SPECULAR_FACTOR
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "float",
+      "u_specularFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_specularFactor = function () {
+      return specular.specularFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_SPECULAR_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (defined(specularColorTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      specularColorTexture,
+      "u_specularColorTexture",
+      "SPECULAR_COLOR",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (
+    defined(specularColorFactor) &&
+    !Cartesian3.equals(
+      specularColorFactor,
+      Specular.DEFAULT_SPECULAR_COLOR_FACTOR,
+    )
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "vec3",
+      "u_specularColorFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_specularColorFactor = function () {
+      return specular.specularColorFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_SPECULAR_COLOR_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+const scratchAnisotropy = new Cartesian3();
+
+/**
+ * Add uniforms and defines for the KHR_materials_anisotropy extension
+ *
+ * @param {ModelComponents.Anisotropy} anisotropy
+ * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
+ * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
+ * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
+ * @param {boolean} disableTextures
+ * @private
+ */
+function processAnisotropyUniforms(
+  anisotropy,
+  uniformMap,
+  shaderBuilder,
+  defaultTexture,
+  disableTextures,
+  texCoordSets,
+) {
+  const { anisotropyStrength, anisotropyRotation, anisotropyTexture } =
+    anisotropy;
+
+  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+    "USE_ANISOTROPY",
+    undefined,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+
+  if (defined(anisotropyTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      anisotropyTexture,
+      "u_anisotropyTexture",
+      "ANISOTROPY",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  // Pre-compute cos and sin of rotation, since they are the same for all fragments.
+  // Combine with strength as one vec3 uniform.
+  const cosRotation = Math.cos(anisotropyRotation);
+  const sinRotation = Math.sin(anisotropyRotation);
+  shaderBuilder.addUniform("vec3", "u_anisotropy", ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT);
+  uniformMap.u_anisotropy = function () {
+    return Cartesian3.fromElements(
+      cosRotation,
+      sinRotation,
+      anisotropyStrength,
+      scratchAnisotropy,
+    );
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add uniforms and defines for the KHR_materials_clearcoat extension
+ *
+ * @param {ModelComponents.Clearcoat} clearcoat
+ * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
+ * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
+ * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
+ * @param {boolean} disableTextures
+ * @private
+ */
+function processClearcoatUniforms(
+  clearcoat,
+  uniformMap,
+  shaderBuilder,
+  defaultTexture,
+  disableTextures,
+  texCoordSets,
+) {
+  const {
+    clearcoatFactor,
+    clearcoatTexture,
+    clearcoatRoughnessFactor,
+    clearcoatRoughnessTexture,
+    clearcoatNormalTexture,
+  } = clearcoat;
+
+  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+    "USE_CLEARCOAT",
+    undefined,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+
+  if (
+    defined(clearcoatFactor) &&
+    clearcoatFactor !== Clearcoat.DEFAULT_CLEARCOAT_FACTOR
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "float",
+      "u_clearcoatFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_clearcoatFactor = function () {
+      return clearcoat.clearcoatFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_CLEARCOAT_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (defined(clearcoatTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      clearcoatTexture,
+      "u_clearcoatTexture",
+      "CLEARCOAT",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (
+    defined(clearcoatRoughnessFactor) &&
+    clearcoatFactor !== Clearcoat.DEFAULT_CLEARCOAT_ROUGHNESS_FACTOR
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "float",
+      "u_clearcoatRoughnessFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_clearcoatRoughnessFactor = function () {
+      return clearcoat.clearcoatRoughnessFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_CLEARCOAT_ROUGHNESS_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (defined(clearcoatRoughnessTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      clearcoatRoughnessTexture,
+      "u_clearcoatRoughnessTexture",
+      "CLEARCOAT_ROUGHNESS",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (defined(clearcoatNormalTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      clearcoatNormalTexture,
+      "u_clearcoatNormalTexture",
+      "CLEARCOAT_NORMAL",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add uniforms and defines for the PBR metallic roughness model
+ *
+ * @param {ModelComponents.MetallicRoughness} metallicRoughness
+ * @param {Object<string, Function>} uniformMap The uniform map to modify.
+ * @param {ShaderBuilder} shaderBuilder
+ * @param {Texture} defaultTexture
+ * @param {boolean} disableTextures
+ * @private
+ */
+function processMetallicRoughnessUniforms(
+  metallicRoughness,
+  uniformMap,
+  shaderBuilder,
+  defaultTexture,
+  disableTextures,
+  texCoordSets,
+) {
+  shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+    "USE_METALLIC_ROUGHNESS",
+    undefined,
+    ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+  );
+
+  const baseColorTexture = metallicRoughness.baseColorTexture;
+  if (defined(baseColorTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      baseColorTexture,
+      "u_baseColorTexture",
+      "BASE_COLOR",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  const baseColorFactor = metallicRoughness.baseColorFactor;
+  if (
+    defined(baseColorFactor) &&
+    !Cartesian4.equals(
+      baseColorFactor,
+      MetallicRoughness.DEFAULT_BASE_COLOR_FACTOR,
+    )
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "vec4",
+      "u_baseColorFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_baseColorFactor = function () {
+      return metallicRoughness.baseColorFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_BASE_COLOR_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+
+  const metallicRoughnessTexture = metallicRoughness.metallicRoughnessTexture;
+  if (defined(metallicRoughnessTexture) && !disableTextures) {
+    processTexture(
+      shaderBuilder,
+      uniformMap,
+      metallicRoughnessTexture,
+      "u_metallicRoughnessTexture",
+      "METALLIC_ROUGHNESS",
+      defaultTexture,
+      texCoordSets,
+    );
+  }
+
+  const metallicFactor = metallicRoughness.metallicFactor;
+  if (
+    defined(metallicFactor) &&
+    metallicFactor !== MetallicRoughness.DEFAULT_METALLIC_FACTOR
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "float",
+      "u_metallicFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_metallicFactor = function () {
+      return metallicRoughness.metallicFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_METALLIC_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+
+  const roughnessFactor = metallicRoughness.roughnessFactor;
+  if (
+    defined(roughnessFactor) &&
+    roughnessFactor !== MetallicRoughness.DEFAULT_ROUGHNESS_FACTOR
+  ) {
+    shaderBuilder.addUniform(
+      "float",
+      "u_roughnessFactor",
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+    uniformMap.u_roughnessFactor = function () {
+      return metallicRoughness.roughnessFactor;
+    };
+    shaderBuilder.addDefine(
+      "HAS_ROUGHNESS_FACTOR",
+      undefined,
+      ShaderDestination.FRAGMENT,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+export default MaterialPipelineStage;