@rsc-kit/core 0.29.9 → 0.30.0

package/dist/action.d.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,27 @@
 import { type StandardSchemaV1 } from './js/standardSchema.js';
 import { type QueryOptions } from './query.js';
-/** What an action answers with. Exactly one of the four is set. */
-export interface ActionResult<Data> {
+/**
+ * What an action answers with. One of `data`, `validationErrors`,
+ * `serverError` and `redirected` is set; `refusal` only ever beside
+ * `serverError`.
+ */
+export interface ActionResult<Data, Refusal = never> {
     /** What the handler returned. */
     data?: Data;
     /** Field name to messages, in the shape a form already renders. */
     validationErrors?: Record<string, string[]>;
-    /** Something else went wrong, reduced to a message the browser may see. */
+    /**
+     * The action did not happen, as a message the browser may see: a refusal's
+     * own message - see `refuse()` - or something unexpected, reduced by
+     * `onError` to one that says nothing a stranger should not see.
+     */
     serverError?: string;
+    /**
+     * What a refusal said beside its message - the things blocking a delete,
+     * say - checked against the schema the action declared with `.refusal()`
+     * and typed from it. Set only by `refuse()`, here or on the backend.
+     */
+    refusal?: Refusal;
     /**
      * Where the action sent the visitor. Set by the client, which has already
      * started the navigation: the page is on its way there, and there is
@@ -41,6 +55,38 @@ export declare function isActionValidationError(error: unknown): error is Action
  * particular, which is where the form already looks for one.
  */
 export type FieldErrorsFor<Input> = Partial<Record<(Input extends object ? keyof Input & string : string) | '', string | string[]>>;
+/**
+ * An action declining to do what it was asked, on purpose, with a message for
+ * the person who asked and - optionally - data the page can act on: the
+ * records blocking a delete, the plan a quota belongs to.
+ *
+ * Not a validation error: the input was fine, the state of things says no.
+ * And not a failure: its message is meant to be seen, so it is never
+ * replaced by `onError`'s "Something went wrong.". It arrives as the result's
+ * `serverError`, which is where a form's `formError` already reads, and its
+ * data as `refusal`.
+ */
+export declare class ActionRefusal extends Error {
+    readonly data: unknown;
+    /** The status a request that is not an action - a page, a form posted without javascript - answers with. */
+    readonly refusalStatus: number;
+    constructor(message: string, data?: unknown, status?: number);
+}
+/** Whether this is a refusal, whichever copy of the class built it. */
+export declare function isActionRefusal(error: unknown): error is ActionRefusal;
+/**
+ * Decline, with a message to show and optional data to act on. Throws.
+ *
+ *     if (attached.length) refuse('Still in use', { blockers: attached })
+ *
+ * From a handler, a middleware or anything they call. The data reaches the
+ * page only when the action declares its shape with `.refusal(schema)`, and
+ * only once it matches - see ActionResult.refusal. Inside a handler, the
+ * `refuse` it is given is typed to that schema; this one takes anything.
+ */
+export declare function refuse(message: string, data?: unknown, options?: {
+    status?: number;
+}): never;
 /**
  * What a handler is given.
  *
@@ -50,9 +96,17 @@ export type FieldErrorsFor<Input> = Partial<Record<(Input extends object ? keyof
  * The bare export takes any string, for the rare check that runs outside a
  * handler.
  */
-export interface HandlerArgs<Input, Ctx> {
+export interface HandlerArgs<Input, Ctx, Refusal = never> {
     input: Input;
     ctx: Ctx;
+    /**
+     * Decline, with a message and the data the action declared with
+     * `.refusal(schema)`. Throws; write `return refuse(...)`, as with
+     * fieldErrors.
+     */
+    refuse: [Refusal] extends [never] ? (message: string) => never : (message: string, data: Refusal, options?: {
+        status?: number;
+    }) => never;
     /**
      * Fail with errors on this input's fields. Throws; nothing after it runs.
      *
@@ -110,17 +164,23 @@ type InputOf<S> = S extends StandardSchemaV1<infer I, unknown> ? I : unknown;
  * shape fails the typecheck rather than the validation - and FormData beside
  * it, which is how a form calls the same action. Without a schema, anything.
  */
-export type Action<Raw, Data> = unknown extends Raw ? (input?: unknown) => Promise<ActionResult<Data>> : undefined extends Raw ? (input?: Raw | FormData) => Promise<ActionResult<Data>> : (input: Raw | FormData) => Promise<ActionResult<Data>>;
-export interface ActionBuilder<Ctx extends Record<string, unknown>, Input, Raw = unknown> {
+export type Action<Raw, Data, Refusal = never> = unknown extends Raw ? (input?: unknown) => Promise<ActionResult<Data, Refusal>> : undefined extends Raw ? (input?: Raw | FormData) => Promise<ActionResult<Data, Refusal>> : (input: Raw | FormData) => Promise<ActionResult<Data, Refusal>>;
+export interface ActionBuilder<Ctx extends Record<string, unknown>, Input, Raw = unknown, Refusal = never> {
     /** Add a step, and whatever context it contributes. */
     use<Extra extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, never>>(middleware: (args: {
         ctx: Ctx;
         next: <E extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, never>>(opts?: {
             ctx?: E;
         }) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<E>>;
-    }) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<Extra>>): ActionBuilder<Ctx & Extra, Input, Raw>;
+    }) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<Extra>>): ActionBuilder<Ctx & Extra, Input, Raw, Refusal>;
     /** Parse and check what the caller sent. The handler's `input` follows. */
-    input<S extends StandardSchemaV1>(schema: S): ActionBuilder<Ctx, Output<S>, InputOf<S>>;
+    input<S extends StandardSchemaV1>(schema: S): ActionBuilder<Ctx, Output<S>, InputOf<S>, Refusal>;
+    /**
+     * The shape of what a refusal may carry - see `refuse()`. The page gets
+     * `result.refusal` typed from it, and only data that matches it: data that
+     * does not is a bug in the server, answered as one.
+     */
+    refusal<S extends StandardSchemaV1>(schema: S): ActionBuilder<Ctx, Input, Raw, Output<S>>;
     /**
      * The body.
      *
@@ -130,7 +190,7 @@ export interface ActionBuilder<Ctx extends Record<string, unknown>, Input, Raw =
      * reading `result.validationErrors` after a redirect reads undefined and
      * not a TypeError inside a transition, which unmounts the root.
      */
-    handler<Data>(fn: (args: HandlerArgs<Input, Ctx>) => Promise<Data> | Data): Action<Raw, Data>;
+    handler<Data>(fn: (args: HandlerArgs<Input, Ctx, Refusal>) => Promise<Data> | Data): Action<Raw, Data, Refusal>;
     /**
      * The body of a READ, sharing this client's middleware and schema.
      *

package/dist/action.js

@@ -82,6 +82,47 @@ export function isActionValidationError(error) {
         error !== null &&
         error[VALIDATION_MARK] === true);
 }
+const REFUSAL_MARK = Symbol.for('@rsc-kit/core.action-refusal');
+/**
+ * An action declining to do what it was asked, on purpose, with a message for
+ * the person who asked and - optionally - data the page can act on: the
+ * records blocking a delete, the plan a quota belongs to.
+ *
+ * Not a validation error: the input was fine, the state of things says no.
+ * And not a failure: its message is meant to be seen, so it is never
+ * replaced by `onError`'s "Something went wrong.". It arrives as the result's
+ * `serverError`, which is where a form's `formError` already reads, and its
+ * data as `refusal`.
+ */
+export class ActionRefusal extends Error {
+    data;
+    /** The status a request that is not an action - a page, a form posted without javascript - answers with. */
+    refusalStatus;
+    constructor(message, data, status = 409) {
+        super(message);
+        this.name = 'ActionRefusal';
+        this.data = data;
+        this.refusalStatus = status;
+        this[REFUSAL_MARK] = true;
+    }
+}
+/** Whether this is a refusal, whichever copy of the class built it. */
+export function isActionRefusal(error) {
+    return typeof error === 'object' && error !== null && error[REFUSAL_MARK] === true;
+}
+/**
+ * Decline, with a message to show and optional data to act on. Throws.
+ *
+ *     if (attached.length) refuse('Still in use', { blockers: attached })
+ *
+ * From a handler, a middleware or anything they call. The data reaches the
+ * page only when the action declares its shape with `.refusal(schema)`, and
+ * only once it matches - see ActionResult.refusal. Inside a handler, the
+ * `refuse` it is given is typed to that schema; this one takes anything.
+ */
+export function refuse(message, data, options = {}) {
+    throw new ActionRefusal(message, data, options.status);
+}
 /**
  * Fail with field errors the form can show.
  *
@@ -112,7 +153,7 @@ const GENERIC = 'Something went wrong.';
 const fromFormData = (body, schema) => decodeFormData(body, schema);
 export function createActionClient(options = {}) {
     const report = options.onError ?? (() => GENERIC);
-    function build(middlewares, schema) {
+    function build(middlewares, schema, refusalSchema = null) {
         /**
          * Validate, run the chain, call the body.
          *
@@ -145,6 +186,7 @@ export function createActionClient(options = {}) {
                         // The same function as the export; the type on the way in is what
                         // is different, and the type is the handler's input.
                         fieldErrors: fieldErrors,
+                        refuse: refuse,
                     });
                 }
                 let continued = false;
@@ -166,12 +208,37 @@ export function createActionClient(options = {}) {
             };
             return await run();
         };
+        /**
+         * A refusal as the page gets it: its message, always - it was written to
+         * be seen - and its data only once the declared schema has checked it.
+         * Data with no schema to check it, or that fails the schema, never
+         * reaches the browser: the first is said in the server's log, the second
+         * is a bug in the server and answered as one.
+         */
+        const refusalResult = async (error) => {
+            if (error.data === undefined)
+                return { serverError: error.message };
+            if (!refusalSchema) {
+                console.error(`[rsc-kit] An action refused with data, and declares no .refusal(schema) for it - the message was sent, the data was not: ${error.message}`);
+                return { serverError: error.message };
+            }
+            const checked = await refusalSchema['~standard'].validate(error.data);
+            if (checked.issues) {
+                return {
+                    serverError: report(new Error(`An action refused with data its .refusal(schema) does not accept: ${checked.issues.map((issue) => issue.message).join('; ')}`)),
+                };
+            }
+            return { serverError: error.message, refusal: checked.value };
+        };
         return {
             use(middleware) {
-                return build([...middlewares, middleware], schema);
+                return build([...middlewares, middleware], schema, refusalSchema);
             },
             input(next) {
-                return build(middlewares, next);
+                return build(middlewares, next, refusalSchema);
+            },
+            refusal(next) {
+                return build(middlewares, schema, next);
             },
             handler(fn) {
                 return markClientBuilt(async (raw) => {
@@ -191,6 +258,8 @@ export function createActionClient(options = {}) {
                         if (isActionValidationError(error)) {
                             return { validationErrors: error.errors };
                         }
+                        if (isActionRefusal(error))
+                            return (await refusalResult(error));
                         return { serverError: report(error) };
                     }
                 });
@@ -211,6 +280,12 @@ export function createActionClient(options = {}) {
                         if (isActionValidationError(error)) {
                             throw new QueryValidationError(error.errors);
                         }
+                        // Its own message, as an action's is, and its checked data on
+                        // the error for a fetcher that wants it.
+                        if (isActionRefusal(error)) {
+                            const refused = await refusalResult(error);
+                            throw Object.assign(new Error(refused.serverError), { refusal: refused.refusal });
+                        }
                         throw new Error(report(error));
                     }
                 };

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Server actions with a schema, middleware, and types that follow from both.\n//\n//     export const action = createActionClient({ onError: report })\n//\n//     export const createPost = action\n//       .use(async ({ next }) => next({ ctx: { user: await currentUser() } }))\n//       .input(z.object({ title: z.string().min(3) }))\n//       .handler(async ({ input, ctx }) => savePost(ctx.user.id, input.title))\n//\n// `input` is typed from the schema and `ctx` from every middleware that ran, so\n// the handler is checked against both without either being written down twice.\n//\n// The built action RETURNS its failures rather than throwing them, and that is\n// not a style choice. React serialises a rejected server action opaquely —\n// production strips the message and leaves a digest — so a thrown validation\n// error reaches the browser as \"an error occurred\" and the fields it named are\n// gone. A returned object crosses the boundary intact.\n//\n// Distinct from `middleware.ts` in a route directory, which decides whether a\n// page may render. This wraps one action. They are different questions: an\n// action is reachable without any page, which is why it defends itself.\n\nimport { validateWith, type StandardSchemaV1 } from './js/standardSchema.js'\nimport { decodeFormData } from './js/formEncoding.js'\nimport { markQuery, QueryValidationError, type QueryOptions } from './query.js'\nimport { isRedirectSignal } from './redirectDigest.js'\n\n/** What an action answers with. Exactly one of the four is set. */\nexport interface ActionResult<Data> {\n  /** What the handler returned. */\n  data?: Data\n  /** Field name to messages, in the shape a form already renders. */\n  validationErrors?: Record<string, string[]>\n  /** Something else went wrong, reduced to a message the browser may see. */\n  serverError?: string\n  /**\n   * Where the action sent the visitor. Set by the client, which has already\n   * started the navigation: the page is on its way there, and there is\n   * nothing for the caller to do. Never set on the server side of the call.\n   */\n  redirected?: string\n}\n\n/**\n * A middleware that neither continued nor refused.\n *\n * Never reported through `onError`: that reduces an error to a message for the\n * browser, and this one is for whoever wrote the middleware. A check that\n * forgot to call `next()` would otherwise look exactly like a check that\n * passed.\n */\nexport class ActionMisuse extends Error {\n  constructor(message: string) {\n    super(message)\n    this.name = 'ActionMisuse'\n  }\n}\n\n/** Refuse from inside a handler, naming the fields. */\n/**\n * Marks a refusal so it survives a bundle seam.\n *\n * A property rather than `instanceof`, for the reason this project keeps\n * running into: an app's actions are bundled separately from the engine, so\n * each gets its own copy of this module and its own copy of the class.\n * `instanceof` compares identity across that seam and is simply false — and\n * the refusal is then reported as a server error, so the form shows \"Something\n * went wrong\" instead of naming the fields. Everything works; nothing logs.\n *\n * Symbol.for, so the two copies agree on the key as well as the value.\n */\nconst VALIDATION_MARK = Symbol.for('@rsc-kit/core.action-validation')\n\n/**\n * Set on every function a client builds, so the build can tell them from a\n * bare \"use server\" export. The difference is the middleware: a bare export\n * runs with nothing checking who called it, and nothing else in the app\n * would ever say so. Symbol.for, because the build reads the mark from the\n * bundled copy of this module and the app's actions were built by another.\n */\nconst CLIENT_MARK = Symbol.for('@rsc-kit/core.action-client')\n\n/** Whether a server action was built by createActionClient, and so ran its chain. */\nexport function isClientBuilt(fn: unknown): boolean {\n  return typeof fn === 'function' && (fn as unknown as Record<symbol, unknown>)[CLIENT_MARK] === true\n}\n\nfunction markClientBuilt<F extends Function>(fn: F): F {\n  Object.defineProperty(fn, CLIENT_MARK, { value: true })\n\n  return fn\n}\n\nexport class ActionValidationError extends Error {\n  public readonly errors: Record<string, string[]>\n\n  constructor(errors: Record<string, string[]>) {\n    super('Validation failed')\n    this.name = 'ActionValidationError'\n    this.errors = errors\n    ;(this as unknown as Record<symbol, boolean>)[VALIDATION_MARK] = true\n  }\n}\n\n/** Whether this is a refusal, whichever copy of the class built it. */\nexport function isActionValidationError(error: unknown): error is ActionValidationError {\n  return (\n    typeof error === 'object' &&\n    error !== null &&\n    (error as Record<symbol, unknown>)[VALIDATION_MARK] === true\n  )\n}\n\n/**\n * The field errors a handler may report, keyed by its own input's fields.\n *\n * `''` is the whole submission — for a refusal that is about no field in\n * particular, which is where the form already looks for one.\n */\nexport type FieldErrorsFor<Input> = Partial<\n  Record<(Input extends object ? keyof Input & string : string) | '', string | string[]>\n>\n\n/**\n * What a handler is given.\n *\n * `fieldErrors` is here as well as exported on its own, and the one here is\n * the one to use: it is typed to this handler's input, so a field the schema\n * does not have is a type error rather than an error the form never shows.\n * The bare export takes any string, for the rare check that runs outside a\n * handler.\n */\nexport interface HandlerArgs<Input, Ctx> {\n  input: Input\n  ctx: Ctx\n  /**\n   * Fail with errors on this input's fields. Throws; nothing after it runs.\n   *\n   * Write `return fieldErrors(...)`. It throws either way, but TypeScript does\n   * not treat a never-return as terminating when the callee is a destructured\n   * binding — only a declaration or an explicitly annotated variable — so\n   * without the return, a value checked on the line above is still possibly\n   * undefined on the line below. The return is what lets the type narrow.\n   */\n  fieldErrors: (errors: FieldErrorsFor<Input>) => never\n}\n\n/**\n * Fail with field errors the form can show.\n *\n * For what a schema cannot know — a name already taken, a balance too low.\n * Throws, so the handler stops where it is; the action turns it into a\n * returned result on the way out.\n *\n * Untyped by field, because it has no handler to take the input from. Inside\n * one, use the `fieldErrors` the handler is given instead.\n */\nexport function fieldErrors(errors: Record<string, string[] | string>): never {\n  const normalised: Record<string, string[]> = {}\n\n  for (const [field, message] of Object.entries(errors)) {\n    normalised[field] = Array.isArray(message) ? message : [message]\n  }\n\n  throw new ActionValidationError(normalised)\n}\n\n/**\n * What `next()` hands back, carrying what the step added.\n *\n * The context a middleware contributes cannot be inferred from the arguments\n * it passes to `next` — TypeScript infers from a function's return, not from a\n * call inside it. So `next` returns this, the middleware returns it, and the\n * addition is read off the middleware's own return type.\n */\nexport interface MiddlewareResult<Extra> {\n  readonly ctx: Extra\n  readonly value: unknown\n}\n\n/**\n * A step that runs before the handler.\n *\n * It calls `next` to continue, optionally adding to the context, and what it\n * adds shows up in the handler's types. Returning without calling `next` — or\n * throwing — stops the action, which is how a check refuses.\n */\nexport type ActionMiddleware<Ctx, Extra extends Record<string, unknown>> = (args: {\n  ctx: Ctx\n  next: <E extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, never>>(\n    opts?: { ctx?: E },\n  ) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<E>>\n}) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<Extra>>\n\ntype Output<S> = S extends StandardSchemaV1<unknown, infer O> ? O : never\n\n/** What a caller may pass, before the schema parses it. */\ntype InputOf<S> = S extends StandardSchemaV1<infer I, unknown> ? I : unknown\n\n/**\n * A built action, as its callers see it.\n *\n * Typed from the schema's input when there is one, so a call with the wrong\n * shape fails the typecheck rather than the validation - and FormData beside\n * it, which is how a form calls the same action. Without a schema, anything.\n */\nexport type Action<Raw, Data> = unknown extends Raw\n  ? (input?: unknown) => Promise<ActionResult<Data>>\n  : undefined extends Raw\n    ? (input?: Raw | FormData) => Promise<ActionResult<Data>>\n    : (input: Raw | FormData) => Promise<ActionResult<Data>>\n\nexport interface ActionBuilder<Ctx extends Record<string, unknown>, Input, Raw = unknown> {\n  /** Add a step, and whatever context it contributes. */\n  use<Extra extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, never>>(\n    middleware: (args: {\n      ctx: Ctx\n      next: <E extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, never>>(\n        opts?: { ctx?: E },\n      ) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<E>>\n    }) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<Extra>>,\n  ): ActionBuilder<Ctx & Extra, Input, Raw>\n  /** Parse and check what the caller sent. The handler's `input` follows. */\n  input<S extends StandardSchemaV1>(schema: S): ActionBuilder<Ctx, Output<S>, InputOf<S>>\n  /**\n   * The body.\n   *\n   * What the caller gets is always the result object: `data`, or a\n   * refusal, or - when the action redirected - `redirected`, set by the\n   * client once the navigation is under way. Always an object, so a caller\n   * reading `result.validationErrors` after a redirect reads undefined and\n   * not a TypeError inside a transition, which unmounts the root.\n   */\n  handler<Data>(\n    fn: (args: HandlerArgs<Input, Ctx>) => Promise<Data> | Data,\n  ): Action<Raw, Data>\n  /**\n   * The body of a READ, sharing this client's middleware and schema.\n   *\n   *     export const getPosts = client.input(filter).query(async ({ input, ctx }) =>\n   *       db.posts(ctx.user.id, input))\n   *\n   * The same builder as `handler`, and deliberately so: an app configures its\n   * auth check and its error reporting once, and both a mutation and a read go\n   * through them.\n   *\n   * It fails differently, though, and that is not an oversight. An action\n   * RETURNS its failures because React serialises a rejection opaquely. A query\n   * is handed to a cache library as a fetcher, and every one of them reports\n   * failure by rejection — so this returns the data directly and throws, and\n   * the endpoint carries the message across for it.\n   */\n  query<Data>(\n    fn: (args: { input: Input; ctx: Ctx }) => Promise<Data> | Data,\n    options?: QueryOptions,\n  ): (input?: unknown) => Promise<Data>\n}\n\nexport interface ActionClientOptions {\n  /**\n   * What the browser is told when something unexpected throws.\n   *\n   * Everything reaching here is a bug or an outage, and its message may say\n   * more than a stranger should see — a query, a path, a host. Returning a\n   * fixed string is the safe default; return the message only for errors you\n   * raised deliberately.\n   */\n  onError?: (error: unknown) => string\n}\n\nconst GENERIC = 'Something went wrong.'\n\n/**\n * FormData in, a plain object out — what a schema expects to be handed.\n *\n * The form's own decoder, so the object validated here is the object the\n * browser validated. This had a flat decoder of its own: `items[0].name`\n * stayed a key spelled exactly that, `<Form>` had already parsed it into an\n * array, and a nested form passed in the browser and failed on the server\n * with the fields it named gone.\n */\nconst fromFormData = (body: FormData, schema: unknown): Record<string, unknown> => decodeFormData(body, schema)\n\nexport function createActionClient(\n  options: ActionClientOptions = {},\n): ActionBuilder<Record<never, never>, undefined> {\n  const report = options.onError ?? (() => GENERIC)\n\n  function build<Ctx extends Record<string, unknown>, Input>(\n    middlewares: ActionMiddleware<never, never>[],\n    schema: StandardSchemaV1 | null,\n  ): ActionBuilder<Ctx, Input> {\n      /**\n       * Validate, run the chain, call the body.\n       *\n       * Shared by both terminals, which is the point of putting a read on this\n       * builder at all: one set of middleware, one schema, one place the auth\n       * check lives. Refusals leave by throwing, and each terminal decides what\n       * that should look like from the outside.\n       */\n    const pipeline = async (\n      raw: unknown,\n      fn: (args: HandlerArgs<never, never>) => unknown,\n    ): Promise<unknown> => {\n      const value = raw instanceof FormData ? fromFormData(raw, schema) : raw\n\n      if (schema) {\n        const invalid = await validateWith(schema, value)\n\n        if (invalid) throw new ActionValidationError(invalid)\n      }\n\n      const parsed = schema\n        ? ((await schema['~standard'].validate(value)).value as Input)\n        : (value as Input)\n\n      // Composed inside-out so the first `use` is the outermost — it sees the\n      // others run, which is what makes timing and cleanup possible rather\n      // than only checks.\n      let ctx = {} as Ctx\n      let index = 0\n\n      const run = async (): Promise<unknown> => {\n        const middleware = middlewares[index++]\n\n        if (!middleware) {\n          return await fn({\n            input: parsed as never,\n            ctx: ctx as never,\n            // The same function as the export; the type on the way in is what\n            // is different, and the type is the handler's input.\n            fieldErrors: fieldErrors as never,\n          })\n        }\n\n        let continued = false\n\n        const result = await (middleware as unknown as ActionMiddleware<Ctx, Record<string, unknown>>)({\n          ctx,\n          next: (async (opts?: { ctx?: Record<string, unknown> }) => {\n            continued = true\n            ctx = { ...ctx, ...(opts?.ctx ?? {}) } as Ctx\n\n            return { ctx, value: await run() }\n          }) as never,\n        })\n\n        // Silence is not refusal. A middleware that neither called next() nor\n        // threw has done nothing, and guessing which it meant turns a\n        // forgotten `return` into a check that quietly passes.\n        if (!continued) {\n          throw new ActionMisuse(\n            'A middleware returned without calling next(). Call it to continue, or throw to refuse.',\n          )\n        }\n\n        return (result as { value?: unknown })?.value\n      }\n\n      return await run()\n    }\n\n    return {\n      use(middleware) {\n        return build([...middlewares, middleware as never], schema) as never\n      },\n      input(next) {\n        return build(middlewares, next) as never\n      },\n      handler(fn) {\n        return markClientBuilt(async (raw?: unknown) => {\n          try {\n            return { data: (await pipeline(raw, fn)) as Awaited<ReturnType<typeof fn>> }\n          } catch (error) {\n            // Past onError deliberately — see ActionMisuse.\n            if (error instanceof ActionMisuse) throw error\n\n            // A redirect is an instruction, not a failure: it has to reach\n            // the host, which answers the action with the destination. Caught\n            // here it became { serverError: 'Something went wrong.' } - a\n            // login that succeeded and then showed an error.\n            if (isRedirectSignal(error)) throw error\n\n            if (isActionValidationError(error)) {\n              return { validationErrors: error.errors }\n            }\n\n            return { serverError: report(error) }\n          }\n        })\n      },\n      query(fn, options) {\n        const read = async (raw?: unknown) => {\n          try {\n            return await pipeline(raw, fn)\n          } catch (error) {\n            if (error instanceof ActionMisuse) throw error\n            if (isRedirectSignal(error)) throw error\n\n            // Thrown, not returned. A cache library reports failure by\n            // rejection, so a query that answered with an error-shaped object\n            // would look like a successful read of something odd.\n            if (isActionValidationError(error)) {\n              throw new QueryValidationError(error.errors)\n            }\n\n            throw new Error(report(error))\n          }\n        }\n\n        return markClientBuilt(markQuery(read, options)) as (input?: unknown) => Promise<never>\n      },\n    }\n  }\n\n  return build([], null)\n}\n"]}
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Server actions with a schema, middleware, and types that follow from both.\n//\n//     export const action = createActionClient({ onError: report })\n//\n//     export const createPost = action\n//       .use(async ({ next }) => next({ ctx: { user: await currentUser() } }))\n//       .input(z.object({ title: z.string().min(3) }))\n//       .handler(async ({ input, ctx }) => savePost(ctx.user.id, input.title))\n//\n// `input` is typed from the schema and `ctx` from every middleware that ran, so\n// the handler is checked against both without either being written down twice.\n//\n// The built action RETURNS its failures rather than throwing them, and that is\n// not a style choice. React serialises a rejected server action opaquely —\n// production strips the message and leaves a digest — so a thrown validation\n// error reaches the browser as \"an error occurred\" and the fields it named are\n// gone. A returned object crosses the boundary intact.\n//\n// Distinct from `middleware.ts` in a route directory, which decides whether a\n// page may render. This wraps one action. They are different questions: an\n// action is reachable without any page, which is why it defends itself.\n\nimport { validateWith, type StandardSchemaV1 } from './js/standardSchema.js'\nimport { decodeFormData } from './js/formEncoding.js'\nimport { markQuery, QueryValidationError, type QueryOptions } from './query.js'\nimport { isRedirectSignal } from './redirectDigest.js'\n\n/**\n * What an action answers with. One of `data`, `validationErrors`,\n * `serverError` and `redirected` is set; `refusal` only ever beside\n * `serverError`.\n */\nexport interface ActionResult<Data, Refusal = never> {\n  /** What the handler returned. */\n  data?: Data\n  /** Field name to messages, in the shape a form already renders. */\n  validationErrors?: Record<string, string[]>\n  /**\n   * The action did not happen, as a message the browser may see: a refusal's\n   * own message - see `refuse()` - or something unexpected, reduced by\n   * `onError` to one that says nothing a stranger should not see.\n   */\n  serverError?: string\n  /**\n   * What a refusal said beside its message - the things blocking a delete,\n   * say - checked against the schema the action declared with `.refusal()`\n   * and typed from it. Set only by `refuse()`, here or on the backend.\n   */\n  refusal?: Refusal\n  /**\n   * Where the action sent the visitor. Set by the client, which has already\n   * started the navigation: the page is on its way there, and there is\n   * nothing for the caller to do. Never set on the server side of the call.\n   */\n  redirected?: string\n}\n\n/**\n * A middleware that neither continued nor refused.\n *\n * Never reported through `onError`: that reduces an error to a message for the\n * browser, and this one is for whoever wrote the middleware. A check that\n * forgot to call `next()` would otherwise look exactly like a check that\n * passed.\n */\nexport class ActionMisuse extends Error {\n  constructor(message: string) {\n    super(message)\n    this.name = 'ActionMisuse'\n  }\n}\n\n/** Refuse from inside a handler, naming the fields. */\n/**\n * Marks a refusal so it survives a bundle seam.\n *\n * A property rather than `instanceof`, for the reason this project keeps\n * running into: an app's actions are bundled separately from the engine, so\n * each gets its own copy of this module and its own copy of the class.\n * `instanceof` compares identity across that seam and is simply false — and\n * the refusal is then reported as a server error, so the form shows \"Something\n * went wrong\" instead of naming the fields. Everything works; nothing logs.\n *\n * Symbol.for, so the two copies agree on the key as well as the value.\n */\nconst VALIDATION_MARK = Symbol.for('@rsc-kit/core.action-validation')\n\n/**\n * Set on every function a client builds, so the build can tell them from a\n * bare \"use server\" export. The difference is the middleware: a bare export\n * runs with nothing checking who called it, and nothing else in the app\n * would ever say so. Symbol.for, because the build reads the mark from the\n * bundled copy of this module and the app's actions were built by another.\n */\nconst CLIENT_MARK = Symbol.for('@rsc-kit/core.action-client')\n\n/** Whether a server action was built by createActionClient, and so ran its chain. */\nexport function isClientBuilt(fn: unknown): boolean {\n  return typeof fn === 'function' && (fn as unknown as Record<symbol, unknown>)[CLIENT_MARK] === true\n}\n\nfunction markClientBuilt<F extends Function>(fn: F): F {\n  Object.defineProperty(fn, CLIENT_MARK, { value: true })\n\n  return fn\n}\n\nexport class ActionValidationError extends Error {\n  public readonly errors: Record<string, string[]>\n\n  constructor(errors: Record<string, string[]>) {\n    super('Validation failed')\n    this.name = 'ActionValidationError'\n    this.errors = errors\n    ;(this as unknown as Record<symbol, boolean>)[VALIDATION_MARK] = true\n  }\n}\n\n/** Whether this is a refusal, whichever copy of the class built it. */\nexport function isActionValidationError(error: unknown): error is ActionValidationError {\n  return (\n    typeof error === 'object' &&\n    error !== null &&\n    (error as Record<symbol, unknown>)[VALIDATION_MARK] === true\n  )\n}\n\n/**\n * The field errors a handler may report, keyed by its own input's fields.\n *\n * `''` is the whole submission — for a refusal that is about no field in\n * particular, which is where the form already looks for one.\n */\nexport type FieldErrorsFor<Input> = Partial<\n  Record<(Input extends object ? keyof Input & string : string) | '', string | string[]>\n>\n\nconst REFUSAL_MARK = Symbol.for('@rsc-kit/core.action-refusal')\n\n/**\n * An action declining to do what it was asked, on purpose, with a message for\n * the person who asked and - optionally - data the page can act on: the\n * records blocking a delete, the plan a quota belongs to.\n *\n * Not a validation error: the input was fine, the state of things says no.\n * And not a failure: its message is meant to be seen, so it is never\n * replaced by `onError`'s \"Something went wrong.\". 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Throws.\n *\n *     if (attached.length) refuse('Still in use', { blockers: attached })\n *\n * From a handler, a middleware or anything they call. The data reaches the\n * page only when the action declares its shape with `.refusal(schema)`, and\n * only once it matches - see ActionResult.refusal. 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Inside\n * one, use the `fieldErrors` the handler is given instead.\n */\nexport function fieldErrors(errors: Record<string, string[] | string>): never {\n  const normalised: Record<string, string[]> = {}\n\n  for (const [field, message] of Object.entries(errors)) {\n    normalised[field] = Array.isArray(message) ? message : [message]\n  }\n\n  throw new ActionValidationError(normalised)\n}\n\n/**\n * What `next()` hands back, carrying what the step added.\n *\n * The context a middleware contributes cannot be inferred from the arguments\n * it passes to `next` — TypeScript infers from a function's return, not from a\n * call inside it. So `next` returns this, the middleware returns it, and the\n * addition is read off the middleware's own return type.\n */\nexport interface MiddlewareResult<Extra> {\n  readonly ctx: Extra\n  readonly value: unknown\n}\n\n/**\n * A step that runs before the handler.\n *\n * It calls `next` to continue, optionally adding to the context, and what it\n * adds shows up in the handler's types. Returning without calling `next` — or\n * throwing — stops the action, which is how a check refuses.\n */\nexport type ActionMiddleware<Ctx, Extra extends Record<string, unknown>> = (args: {\n  ctx: Ctx\n  next: <E extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, never>>(\n    opts?: { ctx?: E },\n  ) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<E>>\n}) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<Extra>>\n\ntype Output<S> = S extends StandardSchemaV1<unknown, infer O> ? O : never\n\n/** What a caller may pass, before the schema parses it. */\ntype InputOf<S> = S extends StandardSchemaV1<infer I, unknown> ? I : unknown\n\n/**\n * A built action, as its callers see it.\n *\n * Typed from the schema's input when there is one, so a call with the wrong\n * shape fails the typecheck rather than the validation - and FormData beside\n * it, which is how a form calls the same action. Without a schema, anything.\n */\nexport type Action<Raw, Data, Refusal = never> = unknown extends Raw\n  ? (input?: unknown) => Promise<ActionResult<Data, Refusal>>\n  : undefined extends Raw\n    ? (input?: Raw | FormData) => Promise<ActionResult<Data, Refusal>>\n    : (input: Raw | FormData) => Promise<ActionResult<Data, Refusal>>\n\nexport interface ActionBuilder<Ctx extends Record<string, unknown>, Input, Raw = unknown, Refusal = never> {\n  /** Add a step, and whatever context it contributes. */\n  use<Extra extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, never>>(\n    middleware: (args: {\n      ctx: Ctx\n      next: <E extends Record<string, unknown> = Record<string, never>>(\n        opts?: { ctx?: E },\n      ) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<E>>\n    }) => Promise<MiddlewareResult<Extra>>,\n  ): ActionBuilder<Ctx & Extra, Input, Raw, Refusal>\n  /** Parse and check what the caller sent. The handler's `input` follows. */\n  input<S extends StandardSchemaV1>(schema: S): ActionBuilder<Ctx, Output<S>, InputOf<S>, Refusal>\n  /**\n   * The shape of what a refusal may carry - see `refuse()`. The page gets\n   * `result.refusal` typed from it, and only data that matches it: data that\n   * does not is a bug in the server, answered as one.\n   */\n  refusal<S extends StandardSchemaV1>(schema: S): ActionBuilder<Ctx, Input, Raw, Output<S>>\n  /**\n   * The body.\n   *\n   * What the caller gets is always the result object: `data`, or a\n   * refusal, or - when the action redirected - `redirected`, set by the\n   * client once the navigation is under way. Always an object, so a caller\n   * reading `result.validationErrors` after a redirect reads undefined and\n   * not a TypeError inside a transition, which unmounts the root.\n   */\n  handler<Data>(\n    fn: (args: HandlerArgs<Input, Ctx, Refusal>) => Promise<Data> | Data,\n  ): Action<Raw, Data, Refusal>\n  /**\n   * The body of a READ, sharing this client's middleware and schema.\n   *\n   *     export const getPosts = client.input(filter).query(async ({ input, ctx }) =>\n   *       db.posts(ctx.user.id, input))\n   *\n   * The same builder as `handler`, and deliberately so: an app configures its\n   * auth check and its error reporting once, and both a mutation and a read go\n   * through them.\n   *\n   * It fails differently, though, and that is not an oversight. An action\n   * RETURNS its failures because React serialises a rejection opaquely. A query\n   * is handed to a cache library as a fetcher, and every one of them reports\n   * failure by rejection — so this returns the data directly and throws, and\n   * the endpoint carries the message across for it.\n   */\n  query<Data>(\n    fn: (args: { input: Input; ctx: Ctx }) => Promise<Data> | Data,\n    options?: QueryOptions,\n  ): (input?: unknown) => Promise<Data>\n}\n\nexport interface ActionClientOptions {\n  /**\n   * What the browser is told when something unexpected throws.\n   *\n   * Everything reaching here is a bug or an outage, and its message may say\n   * more than a stranger should see — a query, a path, a host. Returning a\n   * fixed string is the safe default; return the message only for errors you\n   * raised deliberately.\n   */\n  onError?: (error: unknown) => string\n}\n\nconst GENERIC = 'Something went wrong.'\n\n/**\n * FormData in, a plain object out — what a schema expects to be handed.\n *\n * The form's own decoder, so the object validated here is the object the\n * browser validated. This had a flat decoder of its own: `items[0].name`\n * stayed a key spelled exactly that, `<Form>` had already parsed it into an\n * array, and a nested form passed in the browser and failed on the server\n * with the fields it named gone.\n */\nconst fromFormData = (body: FormData, schema: unknown): Record<string, unknown> => decodeFormData(body, schema)\n\nexport function createActionClient(\n  options: ActionClientOptions = {},\n): ActionBuilder<Record<never, never>, undefined> {\n  const report = options.onError ?? (() => GENERIC)\n\n  function build<Ctx extends Record<string, unknown>, Input>(\n    middlewares: ActionMiddleware<never, never>[],\n    schema: StandardSchemaV1 | null,\n    refusalSchema: StandardSchemaV1 | null = null,\n  ): ActionBuilder<Ctx, Input> {\n      /**\n       * Validate, run the chain, call the body.\n       *\n       * Shared by both terminals, which is the point of putting a read on this\n       * builder at all: one set of middleware, one schema, one place the auth\n       * check lives. Refusals leave by throwing, and each terminal decides what\n       * that should look like from the outside.\n       */\n    const pipeline = async (\n      raw: unknown,\n      fn: (args: HandlerArgs<never, never>) => unknown,\n    ): Promise<unknown> => {\n      const value = raw instanceof FormData ? fromFormData(raw, schema) : raw\n\n      if (schema) {\n        const invalid = await validateWith(schema, value)\n\n        if (invalid) throw new ActionValidationError(invalid)\n      }\n\n      const parsed = schema\n        ? ((await schema['~standard'].validate(value)).value as Input)\n        : (value as Input)\n\n      // Composed inside-out so the first `use` is the outermost — it sees the\n      // others run, which is what makes timing and cleanup possible rather\n      // than only checks.\n      let ctx = {} as Ctx\n      let index = 0\n\n      const run = async (): Promise<unknown> => {\n        const middleware = middlewares[index++]\n\n        if (!middleware) {\n          return await fn({\n            input: parsed as never,\n            ctx: ctx as never,\n            // The same function as the export; the type on the way in is what\n            // is different, and the type is the handler's input.\n            fieldErrors: fieldErrors as never,\n            refuse: refuse as never,\n          })\n        }\n\n        let continued = false\n\n        const result = await (middleware as unknown as ActionMiddleware<Ctx, Record<string, unknown>>)({\n          ctx,\n          next: (async (opts?: { ctx?: Record<string, unknown> }) => {\n            continued = true\n            ctx = { ...ctx, ...(opts?.ctx ?? {}) } as Ctx\n\n            return { ctx, value: await run() }\n          }) as never,\n        })\n\n        // Silence is not refusal. A middleware that neither called next() nor\n        // threw has done nothing, and guessing which it meant turns a\n        // forgotten `return` into a check that quietly passes.\n        if (!continued) {\n          throw new ActionMisuse(\n            'A middleware returned without calling next(). Call it to continue, or throw to refuse.',\n          )\n        }\n\n        return (result as { value?: unknown })?.value\n      }\n\n      return await run()\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * A refusal as the page gets it: its message, always - it was written to\n     * be seen - and its data only once the declared schema has checked it.\n     * Data with no schema to check it, or that fails the schema, never\n     * reaches the browser: the first is said in the server's log, the second\n     * is a bug in the server and answered as one.\n     */\n    const refusalResult = async (error: ActionRefusal): Promise<ActionResult<never, unknown>> => {\n      if (error.data === undefined) return { serverError: error.message }\n\n      if (!refusalSchema) {\n        console.error(\n          `[rsc-kit] An action refused with data, and declares no .refusal(schema) for it - the message was sent, the data was not: ${error.message}`,\n        )\n\n        return { serverError: error.message }\n      }\n\n      const checked = await refusalSchema['~standard'].validate(error.data)\n\n      if (checked.issues) {\n        return {\n          serverError: report(\n            new Error(\n              `An action refused with data its .refusal(schema) does not accept: ${checked.issues.map((issue) => issue.message).join('; ')}`,\n            ),\n          ),\n        }\n      }\n\n      return { serverError: error.message, refusal: checked.value }\n    }\n\n    return {\n      use(middleware) {\n        return build([...middlewares, middleware as never], schema, refusalSchema) as never\n      },\n      input(next) {\n        return build(middlewares, next, refusalSchema) as never\n      },\n      refusal(next) {\n        return build(middlewares, schema, next) as never\n      },\n      handler(fn) {\n        return markClientBuilt(async (raw?: unknown) => {\n          try {\n            return { data: (await pipeline(raw, fn)) as Awaited<ReturnType<typeof fn>> }\n          } catch (error) {\n            // Past onError deliberately — see ActionMisuse.\n            if (error instanceof ActionMisuse) throw error\n\n            // A redirect is an instruction, not a failure: it has to reach\n            // the host, which answers the action with the destination. Caught\n            // here it became { serverError: 'Something went wrong.' } - a\n            // login that succeeded and then showed an error.\n            if (isRedirectSignal(error)) throw error\n\n            if (isActionValidationError(error)) {\n              return { validationErrors: error.errors }\n            }\n\n            if (isActionRefusal(error)) return (await refusalResult(error)) as ActionResult<never>\n\n            return { serverError: report(error) }\n          }\n        })\n      },\n      query(fn, options) {\n        const read = async (raw?: unknown) => {\n          try {\n            return await pipeline(raw, fn)\n          } catch (error) {\n            if (error instanceof ActionMisuse) throw error\n            if (isRedirectSignal(error)) throw error\n\n            // Thrown, not returned. A cache library reports failure by\n            // rejection, so a query that answered with an error-shaped object\n            // would look like a successful read of something odd.\n            if (isActionValidationError(error)) {\n              throw new QueryValidationError(error.errors)\n            }\n\n            // Its own message, as an action's is, and its checked data on\n            // the error for a fetcher that wants it.\n            if (isActionRefusal(error)) {\n              const refused = await refusalResult(error)\n\n              throw Object.assign(new Error(refused.serverError), { refusal: refused.refusal })\n            }\n\n            throw new Error(report(error))\n          }\n        }\n\n        return markClientBuilt(markQuery(read, options)) as (input?: unknown) => Promise<never>\n      },\n    }\n  }\n\n  return build([], null)\n}\n"]}

package/dist/conformance.d.ts

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ export declare const CASES: {
     readonly 'Conformance.unauthorized': 'Refuse as signed in but not allowed.';
     readonly 'Conformance.notFound': "Refuse as not found (404), the way the framework does: Go's Refuse(404), Laravel's abort(404).";
     readonly 'Conformance.refuse': 'Refuse with status 429 and the message "Slow down."';
+    readonly 'Conformance.refuseWithData': string;
     readonly 'Conformance.invalid': 'Refuse the input: a validation error on the field "name".';
     readonly 'Conformance.redirect': 'Send the visitor to /login.';
     readonly 'Conformance.revalidate': 'Mark the region "orders" stale, and return "ok".';

package/dist/conformance.js

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import { argv, exit, stderr, stdout } from 'node:process';
 import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url';
 import { httpHostCalls } from './hostCalls.js';
 import { isNotFoundSignal } from './notFound.js';
+import { isActionRefusal } from './action.js';
 import { withRedirect } from './redirect.js';
 import { withRequest, withResponseDraft } from './request.js';
 import { ServerAuthenticationError, ServerAuthorizationError } from './js/errors.js';
@@ -40,6 +41,8 @@ export const CASES = {
     'Conformance.unauthorized': 'Refuse as signed in but not allowed.',
     'Conformance.notFound': "Refuse as not found (404), the way the framework does: Go's Refuse(404), Laravel's abort(404).",
     'Conformance.refuse': 'Refuse with status 429 and the message "Slow down."',
+    'Conformance.refuseWithData': 'Refuse with status 409, the message "Still in use", and the data { blockers: [{ id: 7, href: "/orders/7" }] } - ' +
+        "the adapter's own refuse, carrying data for the page to act on.",
     'Conformance.invalid': 'Refuse the input: a validation error on the field "name".',
     'Conformance.redirect': 'Send the visitor to /login.',
     'Conformance.revalidate': 'Mark the region "orders" stale, and return "ok".',
@@ -57,6 +60,18 @@ export const CASES = {
         'ms - never + 1 alone. May hold the call up to wait ms for one to differ; may answer at once.',
 };
 const INSTANT = Date.parse('2026-01-02T03:04:05Z');
+/** Two JSON values alike, whatever order an object's keys were written in. */
+function sameValue(a, b) {
+    if (Array.isArray(a) || Array.isArray(b)) {
+        return Array.isArray(a) && Array.isArray(b) && a.length === b.length && a.every((item, i) => sameValue(item, b[i]));
+    }
+    if (typeof a === 'object' && a !== null && typeof b === 'object' && b !== null) {
+        const keys = Object.keys(a);
+        return (keys.length === Object.keys(b).length &&
+            keys.every((key) => sameValue(a[key], b[key])));
+    }
+    return a === b;
+}
 const ECHOES = [null, 0, -1.5, 'héllo ✓ "quoted"', [1, 'a', null], { a: { b: [true, false] }, c: '' }];
 /**
  * Run the suite against a client. Every case runs; none stops another.
@@ -147,6 +162,15 @@ export async function conformance(call, options) {
         expect(error.refusalStatus === 429, 'status ' + String(error.refusalStatus));
         expect(String(error.message).includes('Slow down.'), 'message ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
     });
+    await check('a refusal carries its data, its message and its status', async () => {
+        const error = (await rejection(() => call('Conformance.refuseWithData')));
+        expect(isActionRefusal(error), 'raised as ' + String(error) + ', not as a refusal - is refusalData in the reply?');
+        expect(error.message === 'Still in use', 'message ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
+        expect(error.refusalStatus === 409, 'status ' + String(error.refusalStatus));
+        // Compared as values, not as text: an object's keys have no order, and
+        // Go writes a map's sorted.
+        expect(sameValue(error.data, { blockers: [{ id: 7, href: '/orders/7' }] }), 'data ' + JSON.stringify(error.data));
+    });
     await check('refused input names its field', async () => {
         const error = (await rejection(() => call('Conformance.invalid')));
         expect(Array.isArray(error.errors?.name) && error.errors.name.length > 0, 'errors ' + JSON.stringify(error.errors));