@rolldown/binding-wasm32-wasi 1.2.9 → 1.2.11

package/rolldown-binding.wasi.cjs

@@ -233,10 +233,25 @@ let __emnapiContextDestroyed = false
 let __emnapiContextDestroyPromise
 let __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPrepared = false
 let __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPreparing = false
+// The closer for a barrier that is parked between `…_begin` and `…_finish`,
+// set only while that window is open. `__emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPreparing` cannot
+// tell those two apart on its own: it is raised both for a purely synchronous
+// frame — which must not be re-entered, and which nothing outside it can
+// finish — and across this window, which spans real event-loop turns, so a
+// caller that cannot yield can land in the middle of one. That caller can close
+// this window, because `…_finish` is idempotent and joins, which is exactly
+// what the single call does. See `__prepareWasmEnvCleanup`.
+let __finishParkedWasmEnvCleanup
+// Raised while a caller that can still yield is driving the barrier, so the
+// queue it leaves behind is expected rather than lost. See
+// `__reportUnreachedWasmEnvSettlements`.
+let __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupYielding = false
+let __emnapiWasmEnvSettlementLossReported = false
 let __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupRan = false
 let __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupDrained = false
 let __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupDrainPromise
 let __wasiDisposed = false
+let __wasiAsyncWorkDrainPromise
 let __wasiDisposePromise
 let __completeWasiDisposal = function () {}
 // Overridden by loader flavors that have a last-resort reclaim for a rollback
@@ -344,7 +359,24 @@ function __isPreparingWasmEnvCleanup() {
 }
 
 function __prepareWasmEnvCleanup() {
-  if (__emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPrepared || __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPreparing) {
+  if (__emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPrepared) {
+    return
+  }
+  // A handshake parked between its two halves is one this frame can close, and
+  // must: every caller of this function is about to destroy the context, and
+  // the turns the poll is waiting for will not come — an 'exit' teardown is
+  // the last thing the process runs, and `Context.destroy()` takes the
+  // environment away. Closing it here runs `…_finish`, which is the call that joins, so
+  // this degrades to exactly the single call below. Leaving it open instead
+  // destroys the context with the barrier still raised, the runtime never
+  // joined and the workers never drained.
+  const finishParked = __finishParkedWasmEnvCleanup
+  if (finishParked !== undefined) {
+    finishParked()
+    __reportUnreachedWasmEnvSettlements()
+    return
+  }
+  if (__emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPreparing) {
     return
   }
   const prepare = __napiInstance?.exports?.napi_prepare_wasm_env_cleanup
@@ -359,10 +391,57 @@ function __prepareWasmEnvCleanup() {
       __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPreparing = false
     }
     __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupRan = true
+    __reportUnreachedWasmEnvSettlements()
   }
   __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPrepared = true
 }
 
+/**
+ * Say so when the barrier leaves settlements queued and nothing is left that
+ * could deliver them.
+ *
+ * Only the disposal chain yields the event-loop turns @emnapi/core needs to
+ * dispatch its queue. Every other caller of the barrier destroys in the same
+ * turn — a raw `Context.destroy()`, the 'exit' teardown — and
+ * `Context.destroy()` runs the threadsafe function's cleanup hook, which drains
+ * that queue with a null env and discards it. The promises those settlements
+ * were for then hang forever, silently.
+ *
+ * Loud, once, and never throwing: this runs from inside `Context.destroy()`,
+ * emnapi's own beforeExit destroy included, where throwing would take the whole
+ * teardown down with it. Destroying anyway is still the right trade — the queue
+ * is already unreachable by then.
+ */
+function __reportUnreachedWasmEnvSettlements() {
+  if (__emnapiWasmEnvCleanupYielding || __emnapiWasmEnvSettlementLossReported) {
+    return
+  }
+  const pending = __napiInstance?.exports?.napi_wasm_env_cleanup_pending
+  if (typeof pending !== 'function') {
+    return
+  }
+  let queued
+  try {
+    queued = pending()
+  } catch {
+    return
+  }
+  if (!queued) {
+    return
+  }
+  __emnapiWasmEnvSettlementLossReported = true
+  try {
+    const consoleHost = globalThis.console
+    if (consoleHost && typeof consoleHost.error === 'function') {
+      consoleHost.error(
+        "napi-rs: the wasm environment is being destroyed with " +
+          queued +
+          " queued promise settlement(s). Context.destroy() discards them, so those promises never settle. Dispose with binding[Symbol.for('napi.rs.wasi.dispose')]() instead: only it yields the event-loop turns the settlements need.",
+      )
+    }
+  } catch {}
+}
+
 // Mirror the primitive @emnapi/core schedules its threadsafe-function dispatch
 // on, so the drain turns below interleave with that dispatch instead of racing
 // ahead of it on a faster queue.
@@ -394,6 +473,309 @@ const __scheduleMacrotask = (function () {
   }
 })()
 
+// A real, *referenced* timer, for waits that must let the whole host make
+// progress between looks — the async-work drain polls the addon rather than
+// interleaving with the @emnapi/core dispatch, so a zero-delay macrotask there
+// would spin the loop instead of yielding it. Falls back to the macrotask
+// scheduler on a host without timers.
+function __scheduleTimer(callback, delay) {
+  const setTimer = globalThis.setTimeout
+  if (typeof setTimer !== 'function') {
+    __scheduleMacrotask(callback)
+    return
+  }
+  try {
+    setTimer(callback, delay)
+  } catch {
+    __scheduleMacrotask(callback)
+  }
+}
+
+// A real, referenced timer rather than a zero-delay macrotask, for the same
+// reason the async-work drain uses one: this polls the addon instead of
+// interleaving with the @emnapi/core dispatch, so a zero-delay turn would spin
+// the loop instead of yielding it.
+const __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 1
+// Arrivals it takes before the poll paces on the host's timers alone. One
+// proves nothing: a timer armed before the host's timers stopped still fires.
+const __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_TRUSTED_ARRIVALS = 2
+// How long a parked turn's own timer must already have been due before a
+// backup that runs calls it dropped. Slack, not a deadline: a timer is due
+// against the event loop's clock, which is read once per iteration, while
+// these are `Date.now()` readings taken part-way through one, so the two
+// drift apart by however long the loop has been inside the current iteration.
+const __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_STALL_MS = 50
+// How long a backup itself waits. What is left of it after the slack and one
+// interval — 149 ms — has to cover the *two* poll turns that can separate a
+// parked turn from the last backup armed while the host's timers still
+// worked, so the ceiling on a single turn is half of it. See the invariant on
+// `__armWasmRuntimePollStallBackup`.
+const __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_BACKUP_MS = 200
+
+/**
+ * Pacing state for one runtime-work poll.
+ *
+ * Per poll, never per module: whether the host's timers arrive is not a
+ * property of the module. A host can lose its timers between two disposals,
+ * and in the deferred shape every instance shares this module — one healthy
+ * instance must not disarm the fallback for the next one.
+ */
+function __createWasmRuntimePollPace() {
+  return {
+    // Timers armed by *this* poll that have actually arrived.
+    arrivals: 0,
+    // The turn waiting on a timer alone *right now* — undefined whenever no
+    // turn is parked — and when that turn's own timer came due.
+    settleTurn: undefined,
+    turnTimerDueAt: 0,
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The backup that ends a turn whose timer is never going to arrive.
+ *
+ * Once the poll paces on the timer alone it has nothing left to fall back on
+ * if the host's timers stop mid-poll: the turn that armed the dead timer is
+ * the turn that parks, and a parked poll schedules nothing that could notice.
+ * So every turn arms one of these before it yields, and each one compares due
+ * times instead of measuring how long the parked turn has been waiting.
+ *
+ * Invariant: a parked turn is ended by the newest backup that was armed while
+ * the host's timers still worked, and a backup ends a turn only when that
+ * turn's own timer was already due a whole window before the backup itself.
+ * Neither half turns on how far apart the arms happen to fall — what bounds
+ * the rescue is how far back that newest live backup is:
+ *
+ * - *Ends it.* Hosts run timers in due order, so a backup that runs while a
+ *   turn due a whole window earlier is still parked proves that turn's timer
+ *   was dropped rather than merely late. That same comparison is what leaves a
+ *   healthy host alone: there the turn's timer has already run and cleared
+ *   `settleTurn` before any backup due after it can look.
+ * - *Two turns back, not one.* A turn that ended does not prove its own timer
+ *   arrived: until `…_TRUSTED_ARRIVALS` is reached every turn arms both
+ *   primitives and the macrotask wins, so such a turn can end with its own
+ *   timer — and the backup armed one line before it — already dead. The
+ *   arrival that then flips the poll onto the timer alone can itself be a
+ *   timer armed before the host's timers died. So the turn that parks can sit
+ *   two turns past the last live arm, and the newest live backup is due
+ *   `…_BACKUP_MS` less *two* turn lengths after that turn's own timer.
+ *   Arming on every turn is what holds it to two, rather than however far back
+ *   a throttle last let one through.
+ * - *Ceiling.* Coverage therefore holds while two consecutive poll turns fit
+ *   inside `…_BACKUP_MS` less the slack and one interval: 149 ms, so 74 ms
+ *   per turn (measured: a 74 ms turn is still rescued, a 75 ms one parks).
+ *   Past that the turn stays parked and the disposal promise never settles.
+ *   The bound is deliberate: reaching it takes a host that drops timers
+ *   mid-poll *and* keeps every poll turn busy for more than 74 ms, and neither
+ *   Node nor WebContainer — the hosts that run the threaded artifact — does
+ *   the second.
+ *
+ * The poll then goes back to arming both primitives until two fresh arrivals
+ * prove the timers again. A host that stops running the timers it has
+ * *already* accepted leaves nothing to fire, and the disposal promise stays
+ * pending rather than wedging the thread — the same outcome as a blocking
+ * closure that never returns. Unreferenced wherever the host allows it: the
+ * poll's own turn timers are what keep the loop alive, never these.
+ */
+function __armWasmRuntimePollStallBackup(pace) {
+  const setTimer = globalThis.setTimeout
+  if (typeof setTimer !== 'function') {
+    // Nothing to back up: `__scheduleTimer` is on the macrotask channel
+    // already, and that one cannot park.
+    return
+  }
+  // Read before arming, so this never claims to be due earlier than the timer
+  // actually is: a backup ends a turn only when it is provably due after it.
+  const dueAt = Date.now() + __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_BACKUP_MS
+  let handle
+  try {
+    handle = setTimer(() => {
+      const settleTurn = pace.settleTurn
+      if (
+        !settleTurn ||
+        pace.turnTimerDueAt > dueAt - __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_STALL_MS
+      ) {
+        // No turn is parked, or the parked one's timer came due too close to
+        // this backup to call it dropped — it may still arrive, and the turn
+        // that armed it armed a backup due a whole window after *that*.
+        return
+      }
+      pace.arrivals = 0
+      pace.settleTurn = undefined
+      settleTurn()
+    }, __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_BACKUP_MS)
+  } catch {
+    return
+  }
+  if (handle && typeof handle.unref === 'function') {
+    try {
+      handle.unref()
+    } catch {}
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * One turn of the runtime-work poll.
+ *
+ * `__scheduleTimer` falls back to the macrotask scheduler when `setTimeout` is
+ * missing or throws, but not when it is present, returns a handle and never
+ * fires — fake timers in a test suite that disposes from an `afterEach`, or a
+ * host whose timers belong to an IO context that is already gone. That host
+ * would park this poll forever, and the poll is unbounded, so nothing would
+ * ever call `…_finish`.
+ *
+ * Arm both primitives until timers armed by this poll have arrived twice, and
+ * let whichever lands first end the turn; the loser resolves nothing. A host
+ * with working timers therefore pays the double arming for the first turn or
+ * two — the macrotask wins the race, but the timers behind it still arrive and
+ * are counted — and paces on the timer alone from then on, instead of spinning
+ * the loop on a zero-delay queue. A host whose timers never arrive keeps both,
+ * and the macrotask is what keeps the poll moving. A host whose timers stop
+ * after proving themselves is caught by `__armWasmRuntimePollStallBackup`,
+ * which ends the parked turn and puts this poll back on both.
+ */
+function __yieldWasmRuntimePollTurn(pace) {
+  // Armed before the turn yields, and by every turn: what rescues a parked
+  // turn has to have been armed while the host's timers still worked, and the
+  // turn that parks is the one whose own timer is already dead.
+  __armWasmRuntimePollStallBackup(pace)
+  return new Promise((resolve) => {
+    let settled = false
+    const settle = () => {
+      if (settled) {
+        return
+      }
+      settled = true
+      if (pace.settleTurn === settle) {
+        // Nothing is parked any more: a backup running later must not read a
+        // due time this turn has already answered.
+        pace.settleTurn = undefined
+      }
+      resolve()
+    }
+    __scheduleTimer(() => {
+      pace.arrivals++
+      settle()
+    }, __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_INTERVAL_MS)
+    // Read next to the arming it describes; see
+    // `__armWasmRuntimePollStallBackup` for what the two due times mean.
+    const turnTimerDueAt = Date.now() + __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_INTERVAL_MS
+    if (pace.arrivals < __WASM_RUNTIME_WORK_POLL_TRUSTED_ARRIVALS) {
+      __scheduleMacrotask(settle)
+      return
+    }
+    // Paced by the timer alone from here; the backup is what ends this turn if
+    // the timer never arrives.
+    pace.settleTurn = settle
+    pace.turnTimerDueAt = turnTimerDueAt
+  })
+}
+
+/**
+ * The barrier for callers that can yield: `__prepareWasmEnvCleanup` with real
+ * event-loop turns in the middle.
+ *
+ * `napi_prepare_wasm_env_cleanup` waits — it returns only once the addon's
+ * async runtime has quiesced, and on `wasm32-wasip1-threads` the thread it
+ * waits on is this one, the only thread that can give a running blocking
+ * closure the JavaScript turn *it* is waiting for. A single call there can wait
+ * for work that can never finish. The addon's two-phase form splits that:
+ * `…_begin` stops the runtime without joining and reports whether anything is
+ * still live, `napi_wasm_runtime_work_pending` answers that question again
+ * without blocking, and `…_finish` joins. The turns yielded in between are the
+ * entire point.
+ *
+ * The poll has no deadline, for the same reason the async-work drain below has
+ * none: giving up means calling `…_finish`, which joins on this thread, and the
+ * work it would join is the work that is waiting for a turn from this thread —
+ * so a bound does not end the wait, it only moves it somewhere the JavaScript
+ * thread can no longer be reached. A blocking closure that never returns keeps
+ * the disposal promise pending instead, exactly as a task whose `execute` never
+ * returns already keeps an *undisposed* process alive. The host contract is in
+ * `crates/async-runtime/README.md`: a blocking closure must never wait on a
+ * JavaScript turn. The process-exit path still blocks in `…_finish`, because it
+ * has no turns left to give (see `__prepareWasmEnvCleanup`).
+ *
+ * Feature-detected like every other export in this teardown, so an addon built
+ * against a napi crate that predates the split keeps the single blocking call.
+ * Returns nothing whenever the handshake finished without yielding, which keeps
+ * an idle disposal synchronous.
+ */
+function __prepareWasmEnvCleanupWithTurns() {
+  if (__emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPrepared || __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPreparing) {
+    return
+  }
+  const exports = __napiInstance?.exports
+  const begin = exports?.napi_prepare_wasm_env_cleanup_begin
+  const finish = exports?.napi_prepare_wasm_env_cleanup_finish
+  if (typeof begin !== 'function' || typeof finish !== 'function') {
+    // No split to use. The settlement drain still follows this, so the queue
+    // the single call leaves behind is expected rather than lost.
+    __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupYielding = true
+    try {
+      __prepareWasmEnvCleanup()
+    } finally {
+      __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupYielding = false
+    }
+    return
+  }
+  const workPending = exports?.napi_wasm_runtime_work_pending
+  // The in-flight flag stays raised across the turns below, so a `destroy()`
+  // from one of the JavaScript handlers they run is the same no-op it is inside
+  // the single call: the barrier is up and the runtime is mid-teardown, and
+  // destroying between the halves would strand exactly what this delivers.
+  __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPreparing = true
+  let live
+  try {
+    live = begin()
+  } catch (error) {
+    __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPreparing = false
+    throw error
+  }
+  __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupRan = true
+  const finishCleanup = () => {
+    if (__emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPrepared) {
+      // Already closed by a caller that could not yield — the 'exit' teardown
+      // reached `__prepareWasmEnvCleanup` while this poll was parked. `…_finish`
+      // is idempotent, but the flags it lowers are not: running it again here
+      // would clear a `preparing` some later barrier had raised.
+      return
+    }
+    __finishParkedWasmEnvCleanup = undefined
+    try {
+      finish()
+    } finally {
+      __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPreparing = false
+    }
+    __emnapiWasmEnvCleanupPrepared = true
+  }
+  if (!live || typeof workPending !== 'function') {
+    finishCleanup()
+    return
+  }
+  // Publish the closer before yielding: from here until `finishCleanup` runs,
+  // a caller that cannot yield is entitled to end this handshake itself.
+  __finishParkedWasmEnvCleanup = finishCleanup
+  return (async () => {
+    // Unbounded, exactly like the async-work drain below. The wait ends when
+    // the addon reports its runtime work finished; the turns spent here are
+    // what let that happen at all.
+    const pace = __createWasmRuntimePollPace()
+    for (;;) {
+      await __yieldWasmRuntimePollTurn(pace)
+      try {
+        if (!workPending()) {
+          return
+        }
+      } catch {
+        // A trap is the only way this fails, and a trapped instance has no
+        // reachable work left. Stop polling and finish.
+        return
+      }
+    }
+  })().then(finishCleanup, finishCleanup)
+}
+
 // Turns to wait for while the addon still reports queued settlements. Reaching
 // zero is the only success. A counter still nonzero at this bound rejects the
 // disposal as retryable (`ERR_NAPI_WASI_CLEANUP_PENDING`) rather than
@@ -530,6 +912,19 @@ function __destroyEmnapiContext() {
   }
 
   __prepareWasmEnvCleanup()
+  if (__isPreparingWasmEnvCleanup()) {
+    // Reached from inside the synchronous barrier — a promise hook one of the
+    // settlements above ran, which is the reentrancy the destroy wrapper
+    // exists for. `Context.destroy()` below would hit that wrapper's in-flight
+    // no-op and answer `undefined`, and recording that as a completed destroy
+    // is what makes the frame that *did* start the barrier skip the real one
+    // afterwards, leaving the context retained with its cleanup hooks unrun.
+    // Refuse instead: nothing is flagged, and that frame destroys for real the
+    // moment it returns. The deferred loader carries the same backstop. A
+    // parked handshake cannot get here — `__prepareWasmEnvCleanup` closes one
+    // rather than skipping it.
+    return
+  }
   const result = __emnapiContext.destroy()
   if (!__isThenable(result)) {
     __emnapiContextDestroyed = true
@@ -593,6 +988,135 @@ function __keepEventLoopAliveUntil(work) {
   )
 }
 
+// How often to re-read `napi_wasm_async_work_pending` while waiting. The wait
+// ends when the addon reports zero, so this only decides how promptly disposal
+// notices — not how long it waits.
+const __WASI_ASYNC_WORK_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 1
+
+/**
+ * Settles this addon's outstanding `napi_async_work` before the teardown that
+ * would strand it.
+ *
+ * `napi_prepare_wasm_env_cleanup` does not cover async work, and nothing about
+ * it is observable from JavaScript: the threadless archive resolves
+ * `napi_*_async_work` through the `@emnapi/core` plugins, but the threaded one
+ * links the C `async_work.c` on the uv threadpool, so there the wasm neither
+ * imports nor exports those symbols and the only brackets a loader could watch
+ * (`_emnapi_ctx_*_waiting_request_counter`) are shared with threadsafe
+ * functions. The addon is the one place both flavors go through, so it answers
+ * for both, through the same kind of handshake the settlement drain uses:
+ *
+ *   - `napi_wasm_cancel_pending_async_work()` cancels what no thread has
+ *     started. Those completion callbacks run with `napi_cancelled`, which
+ *     napi-rs turns into a promise rejected with an `AbortError`.
+ *   - `napi_wasm_async_work_pending()` counts what is still owed a completion
+ *     callback. Work already executing refuses cancellation and stays counted
+ *     until it finishes normally — which it can, because this runs before the
+ *     barrier, before `Context.destroy()` and before anything is terminated.
+ *
+ * Both exports are optional: an addon built against a napi crate that predates
+ * them drains nothing and keeps the previous behavior, exactly as the
+ * `napi_wasm_env_cleanup_pending` handshake degrades.
+ *
+ * Returns nothing when there is nothing outstanding, which keeps disposal
+ * synchronous in the common case. The promise it returns otherwise never
+ * rejects.
+ *
+ * The wait has no deadline, and that is the point: giving up would destroy the
+ * environment with a completion callback still owed, which is the stranding
+ * this exists to prevent. A task whose `execute` never returns already keeps an
+ * *undisposed* process alive in exactly the same way, so disposal inherits that
+ * rather than inventing a bound it cannot honor.
+ *
+ * Safe to call from inside a completion callback, which is reachable: settling
+ * a task runs addon code that can re-enter JavaScript — a setter on the value
+ * being handed back, a threadsafe-function callback — and that JavaScript can
+ * call `dispose()`. Two things make it terminate rather than wait on itself:
+ *
+ *   - The addon keeps a work registered until its completion callback
+ *     *finishes*, so the count read here is at least one and this takes the
+ *     polling path instead of declaring the environment drained and tearing it
+ *     down from inside the frame that is still settling a promise.
+ *   - The poll is a timer, so it cannot run until the callback has returned to
+ *     the host — by which time that work has left the registry. The count the
+ *     next poll reads is the one taken after the callback finished.
+ *
+ * `__disposeWasiBinding` hands every caller the same in-flight promise, so the
+ * nested call joins this disposal rather than starting a second one.
+ */
+function __drainWasiAsyncWork() {
+  if (__wasiAsyncWorkDrainPromise !== undefined) {
+    return __wasiAsyncWorkDrainPromise
+  }
+  const exports = __napiInstance?.exports
+  const pending = exports?.napi_wasm_async_work_pending
+  const cancelPending = exports?.napi_wasm_cancel_pending_async_work
+  if (typeof pending !== 'function' || typeof cancelPending !== 'function') {
+    return
+  }
+
+  const readPending = () => {
+    try {
+      return pending()
+    } catch (error) {
+      // A trap is the only way this call fails: it reads a counter and cannot
+      // allocate or call back into JavaScript. A trapped instance can no longer
+      // run anything, so its outstanding work is unreachable by definition —
+      // there is nothing left to wait for, and refusing to dispose would only
+      // keep a dead instance and its stuck counter alive. Best-effort here is
+      // the honest answer, and it is what disposal did before this drain
+      // existed.
+      //
+      // Only a trap. Anything else means the export is not what this loader
+      // thinks it is, which is a defect worth surfacing rather than disposing
+      // over.
+      if (error instanceof globalThis.WebAssembly.RuntimeError) {
+        return 0
+      }
+      throw error
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!readPending()) {
+    return
+  }
+  try {
+    cancelPending()
+  } catch {
+    // Cancellation is an optimization: it bounds the wait by the work already
+    // executing. Failing it only means waiting for the whole queue instead.
+  }
+  if (!readPending()) {
+    return
+  }
+
+  const drainPromise = __keepEventLoopAliveUntil(
+    (async () => {
+      while (readPending()) {
+        await new Promise((resolve) => {
+          __scheduleTimer(resolve, __WASI_ASYNC_WORK_POLL_INTERVAL_MS)
+        })
+      }
+    })(),
+  ).then(
+    () => {
+      __wasiAsyncWorkDrainPromise = undefined
+    },
+    (error) => {
+      // A wait that could not run is not a wait that finished. The only way
+      // here is a host whose timers and macrotask primitives all refuse, and
+      // the work is still outstanding — reporting success would destroy the
+      // environment over it, which is the stranding this exists to prevent.
+      // Reject instead: disposal stays retryable, and the context is not
+      // destroyed. Clearing the memo first is what makes the retry re-run this.
+      __wasiAsyncWorkDrainPromise = undefined
+      throw error
+    },
+  )
+  __wasiAsyncWorkDrainPromise = drainPromise
+  return drainPromise
+}
+
 /**
  * `@emnapi/wasi-threads` counts a worker exit as expected only when its own
  * thread manager performed the termination. A bare `worker.terminate()` reaches
@@ -674,11 +1198,7 @@ function __continueWasiDisposal() {
   return __finishWasiDisposal()
 }
 
-function __startWasiDisposal() {
-  // Run the pre-teardown barrier, then let the settlements it queued actually
-  // reach JavaScript, and only then destroy the environment. Doing these two
-  // back to back is what strands them.
-  __prepareWasmEnvCleanup()
+function __drainWasmEnvForWasiDisposal() {
   const drainResult = __drainWasmEnvCleanup()
   if (__isThenable(drainResult)) {
     return Promise.resolve(drainResult).then(__continueWasiDisposal)
@@ -686,6 +1206,33 @@ function __startWasiDisposal() {
   return __continueWasiDisposal()
 }
 
+function __cleanUpWasmEnvForWasiDisposal() {
+  // Run the pre-teardown barrier — yielding the turns its two-phase form asks
+  // for, when the addon has one — then let the settlements it queued actually
+  // reach JavaScript, and only then destroy the environment. Doing any two of
+  // these back to back is what strands them.
+  const prepareResult = __prepareWasmEnvCleanupWithTurns()
+  if (__isThenable(prepareResult)) {
+    return Promise.resolve(prepareResult).then(__drainWasmEnvForWasiDisposal)
+  }
+  return __drainWasmEnvForWasiDisposal()
+}
+
+function __startWasiDisposal() {
+  // Outstanding `napi_async_work` goes first, while the environment is still
+  // completely live: the completion callbacks run addon code, and everything
+  // after this point takes that away from them — the barrier shuts the async
+  // runtime down, `Context.destroy()` stops JavaScript calls, and terminating
+  // the pool threads removes what would have reported the work finished.
+  const asyncWorkResult = __drainWasiAsyncWork()
+  if (__isThenable(asyncWorkResult)) {
+    return Promise.resolve(asyncWorkResult).then(
+      __cleanUpWasmEnvForWasiDisposal,
+    )
+  }
+  return __cleanUpWasmEnvForWasiDisposal()
+}
+
 /**
  * Disposes this generated WASI binding.
  *
@@ -827,29 +1374,79 @@ function __retainFailedWasiRollback(cleanupErrors) {
  * bug with no upper bound, while the retained bookkeeping is bounded by the page.
  */
 function __rollbackWasiInitialization() {
-  const cleanupErrors = []
-  let drainResult
-  let settlementsUnreached = false
+  // The environment teardown this rollback performs, kept nested so it cannot
+  // be reached without the async-work drain below running first.
+  function __rollbackWasmEnvForWasiInitialization() {
+    const cleanupErrors = []
+    let prepareResult
+    try {
+      prepareResult = __prepareWasmEnvCleanupWithTurns()
+    } catch (cleanupError) {
+      cleanupErrors.push(cleanupError)
+      return __retainFailedWasiRollback(cleanupErrors)
+    }
+    if (__isThenable(prepareResult)) {
+      return Promise.resolve(prepareResult).then(
+        () => __drainWasmEnvForWasiRollback(cleanupErrors),
+        (cleanupError) => {
+          cleanupErrors.push(cleanupError)
+          return __retainFailedWasiRollback(cleanupErrors)
+        },
+      )
+    }
+    return __drainWasmEnvForWasiRollback(cleanupErrors)
+  }
+
+  // The settlement drain of the rollback above, reached either straight away or
+  // after the barrier's two-phase form has yielded its turns. A barrier that
+  // did not finish never gets here: it retains instead, exactly as a drain that
+  // did not finish does.
+  function __drainWasmEnvForWasiRollback(cleanupErrors) {
+    let drainResult
+    try {
+      drainResult = __drainWasmEnvCleanup()
+    } catch (cleanupError) {
+      cleanupErrors.push(cleanupError)
+      return __retainFailedWasiRollback(cleanupErrors)
+    }
+    if (__isThenable(drainResult)) {
+      return Promise.resolve(drainResult).then(
+        () => __destroyContextForWasiRollback(cleanupErrors),
+        (cleanupError) => {
+          cleanupErrors.push(cleanupError)
+          return __retainFailedWasiRollback(cleanupErrors)
+        },
+      )
+    }
+    return __destroyContextForWasiRollback(cleanupErrors)
+  }
+
+  // Same reason as `__startWasiDisposal`: a module-init hook can start async
+  // work before the load goes on to fail, and this rollback tears down exactly
+  // what those completions need. Settle them while everything is still live,
+  // before the barrier and the teardown above take that away.
+  //
+  // A drain that could not finish leaves async work possibly outstanding, and
+  // destroying the context over it would strand exactly what this rollback is
+  // there to settle. Stop short and retain instead — the same trade
+  // `__rollbackWasmEnvForWasiInitialization` makes for the settlement drain, so
+  // the context stays reclaimable by a retry or by this flavor's own
+  // last-resort teardown.
+  const __retainAfterAsyncWorkDrainFailure = (cleanupError) =>
+    __retainFailedWasiRollback([cleanupError])
+  let asyncWorkResult
   try {
-    __prepareWasmEnvCleanup()
-    drainResult = __drainWasmEnvCleanup()
+    asyncWorkResult = __drainWasiAsyncWork()
   } catch (cleanupError) {
-    cleanupErrors.push(cleanupError)
-    settlementsUnreached = true
+    return __retainAfterAsyncWorkDrainFailure(cleanupError)
   }
-  if (__isThenable(drainResult)) {
-    return Promise.resolve(drainResult).then(
-      () => __destroyContextForWasiRollback(cleanupErrors),
-      (cleanupError) => {
-        cleanupErrors.push(cleanupError)
-        return __retainFailedWasiRollback(cleanupErrors)
-      },
+  if (__isThenable(asyncWorkResult)) {
+    return Promise.resolve(asyncWorkResult).then(
+      __rollbackWasmEnvForWasiInitialization,
+      __retainAfterAsyncWorkDrainFailure,
     )
   }
-  if (settlementsUnreached) {
-    return __retainFailedWasiRollback(cleanupErrors)
-  }
-  return __destroyContextForWasiRollback(cleanupErrors)
+  return __rollbackWasmEnvForWasiInitialization()
 }
 
 const __wasiRollbackRegistrySymbol = Symbol.for('napi.rs.wasi.rollback.registry.v1')
@@ -959,7 +1556,10 @@ function __disposeWasiBindingAtExit() {
   // settlements the way __startWasiDisposal does — the process is leaving and
   // those promises have no observer left anyway. Run the synchronous teardown
   // directly. Every step is idempotent, which also makes this the synchronous
-  // finish for a disposal that is still waiting for its drain.
+  // finish for a disposal that is still waiting for its drain — and, through
+  // __prepareWasmEnvCleanup, for one still parked between the two halves of
+  // the environment cleanup barrier: there are no turns left to poll with, so
+  // this closes that handshake with `…_finish`, which joins.
   try {
     __destroyEmnapiContext()
   } catch {}
@@ -1057,7 +1657,11 @@ try {
       }
     })(),
     reuseWorker: true,
-    plugins: [__captureWasiThreadManager, __emnapiAsyncWorkPlugin, __emnapiTSFNPlugin],
+    plugins: [
+      __captureWasiThreadManager,
+      __emnapiAsyncWorkPlugin,
+      __emnapiTSFNPlugin,
+    ],
     wasi: __wasi,
     onCreateWorker() {
       const worker = __createWasiWorker(__nodePath.join(__dirname, 'wasi-worker.mjs'))