@rocicorp/zero 1.11.0-canary.4 → 1.11.0-canary.6

package/out/zero-cache/src/services/change-streamer/storer.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"storer.js","names":["#lc","#shard","#taskID","#discoveryAddress","#discoveryProtocol","#makeConnectionPool","#db","#inserter","#purger","#replicaVersion","#onCommitted","#onFatal","#queue","#backPressureThresholdBytes","#statementTimeoutMs","#changeLogBatchSize","#drainTimeoutMs","#progressMonitor","#withTimeout","#cdc","#approximateQueuedBytes","#running","#readyForMore","#stopped","#processQueue","#cancelQueueEntries","#startCatchup","#flushChangeLog","#trackBackfillMetadata","#maybeReleaseBackPressure","#catchup","#cookieStmts","#upsertTableMetadataStmt","#upsertColumnBackfillStmt","#tx","#released","#failureThresholdMs","#onFailure","#taskUpdates","#timer"],"sources":["../../../../../../zero-cache/src/services/change-streamer/storer.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import {getHeapStatistics} from 'node:v8';\nimport type {LogContext} from '@rocicorp/logger';\nimport {resolver, type Resolver} from '@rocicorp/resolver';\nimport {type PendingQuery, type Row} from 'postgres';\nimport {AbortError} from '../../../../shared/src/abort-error.ts';\nimport {assert, unreachable} from '../../../../shared/src/asserts.ts';\nimport {\n  BigIntJSON,\n  type JSONObject,\n} from '../../../../shared/src/bigint-json.ts';\nimport {Queue} from '../../../../shared/src/queue.ts';\nimport {promiseVoid} from '../../../../shared/src/resolved-promises.ts';\nimport * as v from '../../../../shared/src/valita.ts';\nimport * as Mode from '../../db/mode-enum.ts';\nimport {runTx} from '../../db/run-transaction.ts';\nimport {sharedSnapshot, TransactionPool} from '../../db/transaction-pool.ts';\nimport {type PostgresDB, type PostgresTransaction} from '../../types/pg.ts';\nimport {cdcSchema, type ShardID} from '../../types/shards.ts';\nimport {orTimeout} from '../../types/timeout.ts';\nimport {\n  backfillRequestSchema,\n  isDataChange,\n  isSchemaChange,\n  type BackfillID,\n  type BackfillRequest,\n  type Change,\n  type DataChange,\n  type Identifier,\n  type SchemaChange,\n  type TableMetadata,\n} from '../change-source/protocol/current.ts';\nimport {\n  type ChangeStreamData,\n  type Commit,\n} from '../change-source/protocol/current/downstream.ts';\nimport type {UpstreamStatusMessage} from '../change-source/protocol/current/status.ts';\nimport {\n  cookieOps,\n  type BackfillCookie,\n  type CookieOp,\n  type CookieSet,\n  type TableMetadataCookie,\n} from '../replicator/change-log-cookies.ts';\nimport type {ReplicatorMode} from '../replicator/replicator.ts';\nimport type {Service} from '../service.ts';\nimport {\n  extractChangeSubstring,\n  reconstructWatermarkedChange,\n  serializeChangeStreamData,\n  type ChangeLogEntry,\n} from './change-log-codec.ts';\nimport * as ErrorType from './error-type-enum.ts';\nimport {\n  AutoResetSignal,\n  markResetRequired,\n  type BackfillingColumn,\n  type TableMetadataRow,\n} from './schema/tables.ts';\nimport type {Subscriber} from './subscriber.ts';\n\n/**\n * Factory for creating dynamic connection pools used by the Storer to\n * isolate concurrent transactions into separate pg clients.\n */\nexport type PostgresDBProvider = (\n  applicationName: string,\n  maxConns: number,\n) => PostgresDB;\n\ntype SubscriberAndMode = {\n  subscriber: Subscriber;\n  mode: ReplicatorMode;\n};\n\ntype QueueEntry =\n  | [\n      'change',\n      watermark: string,\n      json: string,\n      orig: Exclude<Change, DataChange> | null, // null for DataChanges\n    ]\n  | ['ready', callback: () => void]\n  | ['subscriber', SubscriberAndMode]\n  | ['abort']\n  | 'stop';\n\ntype PendingTransaction = {\n  pool: TransactionPool;\n  preCommitWatermark: string;\n  pos: number;\n  startingReplicationState: Promise<ReplicationOwner>;\n  ack: boolean;\n  // changeLog rows buffered for the next multi-row INSERT flush.\n  batch: ChangeLogRow[];\n  // The most recently issued flush (or metadata) process, awaited to bound\n  // pipeline depth and to order the commit-time replicationState update.\n  lastFlush: Promise<unknown> | undefined;\n};\n\ntype ReplicationOwner = {\n  owner: string | null;\n};\n\nconst backfillRequestsSchema = v.array(backfillRequestSchema);\n\nexport type TuningOptions = {\n  backPressureLimitHeapProportion: number;\n  statementTimeoutMs: number;\n  changeLogBatchSize: number;\n  drainTimeoutMs?: number | undefined;\n};\n\n/**\n * A single `changeLog` row, accumulated in {@link PendingTransaction.batch}\n * and written via `json_to_recordset()` (see `#flushChangeLog()`).\n */\ntype ChangeLogRow = {\n  watermark: string;\n  precommit: string | null;\n  pos: number;\n  change: string;\n};\n\n/**\n * Handles the storage of changes and the catchup of subscribers\n * that are behind.\n *\n * In the context of catchup and cleanup, it is the responsibility of the\n * Storer to decide whether a client can be caught up, or whether the\n * changes needed to catch a client up have been purged.\n *\n * **Maintained invariant**: The Change DB is only empty for a\n * completely new replica (i.e. initial-sync with no changes from the\n * replication stream).\n * * In this case, all new subscribers are expected start from the\n *   `replicaVersion`, which is the version at which initial sync\n *   was performed, and any attempts to catchup from a different\n *   point fail.\n *\n * Conversely, if non-initial changes have flowed through the system\n * (i.e. via the replication stream), the ChangeDB must *not* be empty,\n * and the earliest change in the `changeLog` represents the earliest\n * \"commit\" from (after) which a subscriber can be caught up.\n * * Any attempts to catchup from an earlier point must fail with\n *   a `WatermarkTooOld` error.\n * * Failure to do so could result in streaming changes to the\n *   subscriber such that there is a gap in its replication history.\n *\n * Note: Subscribers (i.e. `incremental-syncer`) consider an \"error\" signal\n * an unrecoverable error and shut down in response. This allows the\n * production system to replace it with a new task and fresh copy of the\n * replica backup.\n */\nexport class Storer implements Service {\n  readonly id = 'storer';\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #shard: ShardID;\n  readonly #taskID: string;\n  readonly #discoveryAddress: string;\n  readonly #discoveryProtocol: string;\n  readonly #makeConnectionPool: PostgresDBProvider;\n\n  // Isolated connection pools for steady-state, potentially concurrent\n  // queries, in order to avoid a postgres.js connection-swapping bug:\n  // https://github.com/porsager/postgres/issues/1204\n  readonly #db: PostgresDB;\n  readonly #inserter: PostgresDB;\n  readonly #purger: PostgresDB;\n\n  readonly #replicaVersion: string;\n  readonly #onCommitted: (c: Commit) => void;\n  readonly #onFatal: (err: Error) => void;\n  readonly #queue = new Queue<QueueEntry>();\n  readonly #backPressureThresholdBytes: number;\n  readonly #statementTimeoutMs: number;\n  readonly #changeLogBatchSize: number;\n  readonly #drainTimeoutMs: number;\n  readonly #progressMonitor: ProgressMonitor;\n\n  #approximateQueuedBytes = 0;\n  #running = false;\n\n  constructor(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    shard: ShardID,\n    taskID: string,\n    discoveryAddress: string,\n    discoveryProtocol: string,\n    dbProvider: PostgresDBProvider,\n    replicaVersion: string,\n    onCommitted: (c: Commit | UpstreamStatusMessage) => void,\n    onFatal: (err: Error) => void,\n    {\n      backPressureLimitHeapProportion,\n      statementTimeoutMs,\n      changeLogBatchSize,\n      drainTimeoutMs = 30_000,\n    }: TuningOptions,\n  ) {\n    this.#lc = lc.withContext('component', 'change-log');\n    this.#shard = shard;\n    this.#taskID = taskID;\n    this.#discoveryAddress = discoveryAddress;\n    this.#discoveryProtocol = discoveryProtocol;\n    this.#makeConnectionPool = dbProvider;\n    this.#db = dbProvider('change-stream-init', 3);\n    this.#inserter = dbProvider('change-log-inserter', 1);\n    this.#purger = dbProvider('change-log-purger', 1);\n    this.#replicaVersion = replicaVersion;\n    this.#onCommitted = onCommitted;\n    this.#onFatal = onFatal;\n    this.#statementTimeoutMs = statementTimeoutMs;\n    this.#changeLogBatchSize = Math.max(1, changeLogBatchSize);\n    this.#drainTimeoutMs = drainTimeoutMs;\n    this.#progressMonitor = new ProgressMonitor(\n      lc,\n      statementTimeoutMs,\n      onFatal,\n    );\n\n    const heapStats = getHeapStatistics();\n    this.#backPressureThresholdBytes =\n      (heapStats.heap_size_limit - heapStats.used_heap_size) *\n      backPressureLimitHeapProportion;\n\n    this.#lc.info?.(\n      `Using up to ${(this.#backPressureThresholdBytes / 1024 ** 2).toFixed(2)} MB of ` +\n        `--max-old-space-size (~${(heapStats.heap_size_limit / 1024 ** 2).toFixed(2)} MB) ` +\n        `to absorb upstream spikes`,\n      {heapStats},\n    );\n  }\n\n  // For readability in SQL statements.\n  #cdc(table: string) {\n    return this.#db(`${cdcSchema(this.#shard)}.${table}`);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Bounds a one-off db call (i.e. not part of the main storer loop or the\n   * background catchup read, which are tracked by the ProgressMonitor\n   * instead) with a plain timeout. This covers calls like\n   * {@link assumeOwnership} and {@link getStartStreamInitializationParameters}\n   * that are made by the caller *before* {@link run()} -- and thus before the\n   * ProgressMonitor's polling starts -- as well as ones made well after,\n   * where a continuously-polling watchdog would be overkill for a single\n   * bounded db round trip.\n   *\n   * Does not cancel `promise` on timeout (there is no cancellation mechanism\n   * for a postgres.js query); it just stops waiting for it, and swallows a\n   * later rejection so it doesn't surface as an unhandled rejection.\n   */\n  async #withTimeout<T>(name: string, promise: Promise<T>): Promise<T> {\n    const result = await orTimeout(promise, this.#statementTimeoutMs);\n    if (result === 'timed-out') {\n      void promise.catch(() => {});\n      throw new AbortError(\n        `${name} did not complete within ${this.#statementTimeoutMs}ms`,\n      );\n    }\n    return result;\n  }\n\n  async assumeOwnership(purgeLock?: PurgeLock | null) {\n    const db = this.#db;\n    const owner = this.#taskID;\n    const ownerAddress = this.#discoveryAddress;\n    const ownerProtocol = this.#discoveryProtocol;\n    // we omit `ws://` so that old view syncer versions that are not expecting the protocol continue to not get it\n    const addressWithProtocol =\n      ownerProtocol === 'ws'\n        ? ownerAddress\n        : `${ownerProtocol}://${ownerAddress}`;\n    this.#lc.info?.(`assuming ownership at ${addressWithProtocol}`);\n    const start = performance.now();\n    await this.#withTimeout(\n      'assume-ownership',\n      db`UPDATE ${this.#cdc('replicationState')} SET ${db({owner, ownerAddress: addressWithProtocol})}`,\n    );\n    const elapsed = (performance.now() - start).toFixed(2);\n    this.#lc.info?.(\n      `assumed ownership at ${addressWithProtocol} (${elapsed} ms)`,\n    );\n\n    if (purgeLock) {\n      // Once ownership has been assumed, any initial purge-lock preventing the\n      // purging of change-log records can be released, as a change-streamer\n      // that was attempting to purge records will correspondingly abort on the\n      // ownership check.\n      void purgeLock.release();\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * The whole of what a stream connection starts from: where to resume, what to\n   * ask the change source to backfill, and the raw cookie set those requests\n   * were derived from.\n   *\n   * All four statements run in one REPEATABLE READ transaction, so they see one\n   * snapshot. That is invariant 15 — the resume watermark and the cookies must\n   * come from the same store, read at the same position — and it is why the\n   * cookies are read here rather than by a second call: a cookie set paired\n   * with a watermark it was not folded to loses every backfill that completed\n   * in the interval, and those rows are not replayable from the slot.\n   *\n   * `cookies` is not `backfillRequests` in another shape. The request list is\n   * driven off `backfilling`, so it drops the metadata of every table with no\n   * in-flight backfill — correct for starting a stream, lossy as the cookie\n   * snapshot that the SQLite change log continues folding onto.\n   */\n  async getStartStreamInitializationParameters(): Promise<{\n    lastWatermark: string;\n    backfillRequests: BackfillRequest[];\n    cookies: CookieSet;\n  }> {\n    const [[{lastWatermark}], result, tableMetadata, backfilling] =\n      await this.#withTimeout(\n        'get-stream-params',\n        runTx(\n          this.#db,\n          sql => [\n            sql<{lastWatermark: string}[]>`\n        SELECT \"lastWatermark\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')}`,\n\n            // Formats a BackfillRequest using json_object_agg() to construct the\n            // `columns` object. It is LEFT JOIN'ed with the `tableMetadata` table\n            // to make it optional and possibly `null`.\n            sql`\n        SELECT\n            json_build_object(\n              'schema', b.\"schema\",\n              'name', b.\"table\",\n              'metadata', t.\"metadata\"\n            ) as \"table\",\n            json_object_agg(b.\"column\", b.\"backfill\")\n              as \"columns\"\n          FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')} as b\n          LEFT JOIN ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')} as t\n          ON (b.\"schema\" = t.\"schema\" AND b.\"table\" = t.\"table\")\n          GROUP BY b.\"schema\", b.\"table\", t.\"metadata\"\n        `,\n\n            // Ordered by primary key, so that this set and the SQLite change log's\n            // can be compared row for row. `COLLATE \"C\"` because that comparison is\n            // against a store whose TEXT columns sort by byte: a linguistic\n            // collation orders `foo-bar` and `foobar` differently than SQLite's\n            // BINARY does, which would read as a divergence rather than as the\n            // identical set it is.\n            sql<TableMetadataCookie[]>`\n        SELECT \"schema\", \"table\", \"metadata\" FROM ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')}\n          ORDER BY \"schema\" COLLATE \"C\", \"table\" COLLATE \"C\"`,\n\n            sql<BackfillCookie[]>`\n        SELECT \"schema\", \"table\", \"column\", \"backfill\" FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')}\n          ORDER BY \"schema\" COLLATE \"C\", \"table\" COLLATE \"C\", \"column\" COLLATE \"C\"`,\n          ],\n          {mode: Mode.READONLY},\n        ),\n      );\n\n    return {\n      lastWatermark,\n      backfillRequests: v.parse(result, backfillRequestsSchema),\n      cookies: {\n        tableMetadata: [...tableMetadata],\n        backfilling: [...backfilling],\n      },\n    };\n  }\n\n  async getMinWatermarkForCatchup(): Promise<string | null> {\n    const [{minWatermark}] = await this.#withTimeout(\n      'get-min-watermark',\n      this.#db<{minWatermark: string | null}[]> /*sql*/ `\n      SELECT min(watermark) as \"minWatermark\" FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}`,\n    );\n    return minWatermark;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Returns the retained Postgres catchup bounds.\n   * `minWatermark` is the oldest transaction, or `null` for a new replica.\n   * `lastWatermark` is the durable head.\n   */\n  async getCatchupBounds(): Promise<{\n    minWatermark: string | null;\n    lastWatermark: string;\n  }> {\n    const [bounds] = await this.#withTimeout(\n      'get-catchup-bounds',\n      this.#db<{minWatermark: string | null; lastWatermark: string}[]> /*sql*/ `\n      SELECT\n        (SELECT min(watermark) FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}) as \"minWatermark\",\n        (SELECT \"lastWatermark\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')}) as \"lastWatermark\"`,\n    );\n    return bounds;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Lists at most `limit` committed transaction watermarks in\n   * `(afterWatermark, throughWatermark]`, in ascending order.\n   */\n  async listCommitWatermarks(\n    afterWatermark: string,\n    throughWatermark: string,\n    limit: number,\n  ): Promise<string[]> {\n    const rows = await this.#db<{watermark: string}[]> /*sql*/ `\n      SELECT watermark FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n       WHERE precommit IS NOT NULL\n         AND watermark > ${afterWatermark}\n         AND watermark <= ${throughWatermark}\n       ORDER BY watermark\n       LIMIT ${limit}`;\n    return rows.map(({watermark}) => watermark);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Reads `(afterWatermark, throughWatermark]` in stream order and bounded batches.\n   * This query matches the subscriber catchup query.\n   *\n   * Both queries fail when an escaped NUL reaches `change->'tag'`.\n   * Postgres cannot convert that value to text.\n   */\n  readCatchupRange(\n    afterWatermark: string,\n    throughWatermark: string,\n    batchRows = 2000,\n  ): AsyncIterable<ChangeLogEntry[]> {\n    assert(\n      Number.isSafeInteger(batchRows) && batchRows > 0,\n      'Postgres change log batch size must be a positive safe integer',\n    );\n    return this.#db<ChangeLogEntry[]> /*sql*/ `\n      SELECT watermark, change->'tag' as tag, change::text FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n       WHERE watermark > ${afterWatermark}\n         AND watermark <= ${throughWatermark}\n       ORDER BY watermark, pos`.cursor(batchRows) as AsyncIterable<\n      ChangeLogEntry[]\n    >;\n  }\n\n  // Note: These are the only db `await`s that are not tracked by the\n  //       ProgressMonitor, as the delete can legitimately block and/or take\n  //       an arbitrary amount of time. Luckily, this is a background call and\n  //       thus cannot cause the storer loop to hang.\n  purgeRecordsBefore(watermark: string): Promise<number> {\n    return runTx(this.#purger, async sql => {\n      // This NOWAIT pre-check is an optimization to abort the transaction\n      // (and release associated resources) early.\n      await sql<{watermark: string}[]>`\n          SELECT watermark FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n            ORDER BY watermark, pos LIMIT 1\n            FOR UPDATE NOWAIT\n        `;\n      // If the row is purge-locked by an incoming replication-manager, it\n      // will assume ownership of the change-log before releasing the lock.\n      // This DELETE blocks until the lock is released, allowing the change\n      // in ownership to be reliably detected (and the transaction aborted)\n      // in the subsequent check.\n      const [{deleted}] = await sql<{deleted: bigint}[]>`\n        -- The backup watermark can be ahead of the durable changeLog if the\n        -- storer is behind but the backup replica has consumed forwarded\n        -- changes. Preserve the latest durable changeLog transaction as the\n        -- catchup boundary instead of assuming the backup watermark exists.\n        -- The storer inserts each changeLog transaction atomically, so any\n        -- durable row for a watermark implies the full transaction is durable.\n        WITH keep AS (\n          SELECT max(watermark) AS watermark\n          FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n        ), purged AS (\n          DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')} WHERE watermark < ${watermark} \n            AND watermark < (SELECT watermark FROM keep)\n            RETURNING watermark, pos\n        ) SELECT COUNT(*) as deleted FROM purged;`;\n\n      const [{owner}] = await sql<ReplicationOwner[]>`\n        SELECT \"owner\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')} FOR SHARE`;\n      if (owner !== this.#taskID) {\n        throw new AbortError(\n          `aborting changeLog purge to ${watermark} because ownership has been taken by ${owner}`,\n        );\n      }\n      return Number(deleted);\n    });\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * @returns The JSON stringified stream message to be sent downstream.\n   */\n  store(watermark: string, data: ChangeStreamData) {\n    // Eagerly stringify the JSON payload to:\n    // - avoid redundant stringification when fanning out to subscribers\n    // - efficiently estimate the amount of memory the payload consumes\n    const json = serializeChangeStreamData(data);\n    this.#approximateQueuedBytes += json.length;\n\n    const change = data[1];\n    this.#queue.enqueue([\n      'change',\n      watermark,\n      json,\n      isDataChange(change) ? null : change, // drop DataChanges to save memory\n    ]);\n\n    return json;\n  }\n\n  abort() {\n    this.#queue.enqueue(['abort']);\n  }\n\n  catchup(subscriber: Subscriber, mode: ReplicatorMode) {\n    this.#queue.enqueue(['subscriber', {subscriber, mode}]);\n  }\n\n  #readyForMore: Resolver<void> | null = null;\n\n  readyForMore(): Promise<void> | undefined {\n    if (!this.#running) {\n      return undefined;\n    }\n    if (\n      this.#readyForMore === null &&\n      this.#approximateQueuedBytes > this.#backPressureThresholdBytes\n    ) {\n      this.#lc.warn?.(\n        `applying back pressure with ${this.#queue.size()} queued changes (~${(this.#approximateQueuedBytes / 1024 ** 2).toFixed(2)} MB)\\n` +\n          `\\n` +\n          `To inspect changeLog backlog in your change DB:\\n` +\n          `  SELECT\\n` +\n          `    (change->'relation'->>'schema') || '.' || (change->'relation'->>'name') AS table_name,\\n` +\n          `    change->>'tag' AS operation,\\n` +\n          `    COUNT(*) AS count\\n` +\n          `  FROM \"<app_id>/cdc\".\"changeLog\"\\n` +\n          `  GROUP BY 1, 2\\n` +\n          `  ORDER BY 3 DESC\\n` +\n          `  LIMIT 20;`,\n      );\n      this.#readyForMore = resolver();\n    }\n    return this.#readyForMore?.promise;\n  }\n\n  #maybeReleaseBackPressure() {\n    if (this.#readyForMore !== null) {\n      // Wait for at least 20% of the threshold to free up.\n      if (\n        this.#approximateQueuedBytes <\n        this.#backPressureThresholdBytes * 0.8\n      ) {\n        this.#lc.info?.(\n          `releasing back pressure with ${this.#queue.size()} queued changes (~${(this.#approximateQueuedBytes / 1024 ** 2).toFixed(2)} MB)`,\n        );\n        this.#readyForMore.resolve();\n        this.#readyForMore = null;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Flushes any buffered {@link PendingTransaction.batch} rows to the changeLog.\n   *\n   * Uses `json_to_recordset()` so the batch is a single JSON parameter: the\n   * statement text stays constant regardless of batch size, avoiding the\n   * unbounded prepared-statement variants (and Postgres memory growth) that a\n   * multi-row INSERT would produce. See rocicorp/mono#3511.\n   *\n   * Returns (and updates) {@link PendingTransaction.lastFlush}; a no-op when the\n   * batch is empty.\n   */\n  #flushChangeLog(tx: PendingTransaction): Promise<unknown> | undefined {\n    const {batch} = tx;\n    if (batch.length === 0) {\n      return tx.lastFlush;\n    }\n    tx.batch = [];\n    tx.lastFlush = tx.pool.process(sql => [\n      sql`\n        INSERT INTO ${this.#cdc('changeLog')} (\"watermark\", \"pos\", \"change\", \"precommit\")\n        SELECT \"watermark\", \"pos\", \"change\"::json, \"precommit\"\n          FROM json_to_recordset(${batch}) AS x(\n            \"watermark\" TEXT,\n            \"pos\" INT8,\n            \"change\" TEXT,\n            \"precommit\" TEXT\n          )`,\n    ]);\n    return tx.lastFlush;\n  }\n\n  #stopped = promiseVoid;\n\n  /**\n   * Runs the storer loop until {@link stop()} is called, or an error is thrown.\n   * Once {@link run()} completes, it can be called again.\n   */\n  async run() {\n    assert(!this.#running, `storer is already running`);\n\n    const {promise: stopped, resolve: signalStopped} = resolver();\n    this.#running = true;\n    this.#stopped = stopped;\n\n    this.#lc.info?.('starting storer');\n    this.#progressMonitor.start(); // Note: This is stopped in stop()\n    let err: unknown;\n    try {\n      await this.#processQueue();\n    } catch (e) {\n      err = e; // used in finally\n      throw e;\n    } finally {\n      // Release any pending backpressure so the upstream can proceed\n      if (this.#readyForMore !== null) {\n        this.#readyForMore.resolve();\n        this.#readyForMore = null;\n      }\n      this.#cancelQueueEntries(\n        this.#queue.drain().filter(entry => entry !== undefined),\n        err,\n      );\n      this.#running = false;\n      signalStopped();\n      this.#lc.info?.('storer stopped');\n    }\n  }\n\n  #cancelQueueEntries(queue: QueueEntry[], e: unknown) {\n    if (queue.length === 0) {\n      return;\n    }\n    this.#lc.info?.(\n      `canceling ${queue.length} entries from the changeLog queue`,\n    );\n    const err = e instanceof Error ? e : new AbortError('server shutting down');\n    for (const entry of queue) {\n      if (entry === 'stop') {\n        continue;\n      }\n      const type = entry[0];\n      switch (type) {\n        case 'subscriber': {\n          // Disconnect subscribers waiting to be caught up so that they can\n          // reconnect and try again.\n          const {subscriber} = entry[1];\n          this.#lc.info?.(`disconnecting ${subscriber.id}`);\n          subscriber.fail(err);\n          break;\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  async #processQueue() {\n    let tx: PendingTransaction | null = null;\n    let msg: QueueEntry | false;\n\n    // Track the progress of each (previous and next) queue entry before it is\n    // processed in the loop.\n    let lastTaskDone: TaskDoneFn | undefined;\n    const nextMessage = async () => {\n      lastTaskDone?.();\n      lastTaskDone = undefined;\n      const entry = await this.#queue.dequeue();\n      if (entry !== 'stop') {\n        lastTaskDone = this.#progressMonitor.trackTask({\n          task: 'queue-entry',\n          // Note: TaskKeys are logged, so only include entry[0] (the type) to\n          // avoid logging application data.\n          type: entry[0],\n        });\n      }\n      return entry;\n    };\n\n    const catchupQueue: SubscriberAndMode[] = [];\n    try {\n      while ((msg = await nextMessage()) !== 'stop') {\n        const [msgType] = msg;\n        switch (msgType) {\n          case 'ready': {\n            const signalReady = msg[1];\n            signalReady();\n            continue;\n          }\n          case 'subscriber': {\n            const subscriber = msg[1];\n            if (tx) {\n              catchupQueue.push(subscriber); // Wait for the current tx to complete.\n            } else {\n              await this.#startCatchup([subscriber]); // Catch up immediately.\n            }\n            continue;\n          }\n          case 'abort': {\n            if (tx) {\n              tx.pool.abort();\n              await tx.pool.done();\n              tx = null;\n            }\n            continue;\n          }\n        }\n        // msgType === 'change'\n        const [_, watermark, json, change] = msg;\n        const tag = change?.tag;\n        this.#approximateQueuedBytes -= json.length;\n\n        if (tag === 'begin') {\n          assert(!tx, 'received BEGIN in the middle of a transaction');\n          const {promise, resolve, reject} = resolver<ReplicationOwner>();\n          void promise.catch(() => {}); // handle rejections before the await\n          tx = {\n            pool: new TransactionPool(\n              this.#lc.withContext('watermark', watermark),\n              {mode: Mode.READ_COMMITTED},\n            ),\n            preCommitWatermark: watermark,\n            pos: 0,\n            startingReplicationState: promise,\n            ack: !change.skipAck,\n            batch: [],\n            lastFlush: undefined,\n          };\n          tx.pool.run(this.#inserter);\n          // Acquire a lock on the replicationState row to detect and/or prevent\n          // a concurrent ownership change.\n          void tx.pool.process(tx => {\n            tx<ReplicationOwner[]> /*sql*/ `\n          SELECT \"owner\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')} FOR UPDATE`.then(\n              ([result]) => resolve(result),\n              reject,\n            );\n            return [];\n          });\n        } else {\n          assert(tx, () => `received change outside of transaction: ${json}`);\n          tx.pos++;\n        }\n\n        const entry: ChangeLogRow = {\n          watermark: tag === 'commit' ? watermark : tx.preCommitWatermark,\n          precommit: tag === 'commit' ? tx.preCommitWatermark : null,\n          pos: tx.pos,\n          // For backwards compatibility, only the change message is stored\n          // in the cdc changeLog.\n          change: extractChangeSubstring(json, tag),\n        };\n\n        if (change !== null && isSchemaChange(change)) {\n          // Schema changes carry backfill / table-metadata statements that\n          // must be applied in stream order relative to the changeLog rows.\n          // Flush any buffered rows first, then write this row together with\n          // its metadata statements as a single unit (preserving the previous\n          // per-change ordering for schema changes).\n          await this.#flushChangeLog(tx);\n          tx.lastFlush = tx.pool.process(sql => [\n            sql`INSERT INTO ${this.#cdc('changeLog')} ${sql(entry)}`,\n            ...this.#trackBackfillMetadata(sql, change),\n          ]);\n        } else {\n          // Accumulate plain changeLog rows (begin, data changes, commit) and\n          // write them as a single multi-row INSERT. Collapsing the per-change\n          // single-row INSERTs into batches is the dominant cost reduction for\n          // large transactions, where the previous one-statement-per-change\n          // path dominated the upstream replication lag.\n          tx.batch.push(entry);\n          if (tx.batch.length >= this.#changeLogBatchSize) {\n            // Bound pipeline depth (and thus memory) by awaiting the previous\n            // flush before issuing the next. This is the batched analog of the\n            // previous per-100-statement backpressure await, and likewise\n            // guards against memory blowup on very large transactions.\n            const prevFlush = tx.lastFlush;\n            void this.#flushChangeLog(tx);\n            await prevFlush;\n          }\n        }\n        this.#maybeReleaseBackPressure();\n\n        if (tag === 'commit') {\n          // Flush any remaining buffered changeLog rows (including this commit\n          // row) before updating the replication state, so the state update is\n          // ordered after all changeLog inserts for this transaction.\n          void this.#flushChangeLog(tx);\n\n          const {owner} = await tx.startingReplicationState;\n          if (owner !== this.#taskID) {\n            // Ownership change reflected in the replicationState read in 'begin'.\n            tx.pool.fail(\n              new AbortError(\n                `changeLog ownership has been assumed by ${owner}`,\n              ),\n            );\n          } else {\n            // Update the replication state.\n            const lastWatermark = watermark;\n            void tx.pool.process(tx => [\n              tx`\n            UPDATE ${this.#cdc('replicationState')} SET ${tx({lastWatermark})}`,\n            ]);\n            tx.pool.setDone();\n          }\n\n          await tx.pool.done();\n\n          // ACK the LSN to the upstream Postgres.\n          if (tx.ack) {\n            this.#onCommitted(['commit', change, {watermark}]);\n          }\n          tx = null;\n\n          // Before beginning the next transaction, open a READONLY snapshot to\n          // concurrently catchup any queued subscribers.\n          await this.#startCatchup(catchupQueue.splice(0));\n        } else if (tag === 'rollback') {\n          // Aborted transactions are not stored in the changeLog. Abort the current tx\n          // and process catchup of subscribers that were waiting for it to end.\n          tx.pool.abort();\n          await tx.pool.done();\n          tx = null;\n\n          await this.#startCatchup(catchupQueue.splice(0));\n        }\n      }\n    } catch (e) {\n      catchupQueue.forEach(({subscriber}) => subscriber.fail(e));\n      throw e;\n    }\n  }\n\n  async #startCatchup(subs: SubscriberAndMode[]) {\n    const numCatchups = subs.length;\n    if (numCatchups === 0) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const lc = this.#lc.withContext('pool', 'catchup');\n    const {init, cleanup, snapshotID} = sharedSnapshot();\n    const reader = new TransactionPool(lc, {\n      mode: Mode.READONLY,\n      init,\n      cleanup,\n      initialWorkers: subs.length,\n    });\n\n    // A dynamic connection pool is created for catchup, sized to the number\n    // of subscribers being caught up.\n    const catchupConns = this.#makeConnectionPool(\n      'subscriber-catchup',\n      numCatchups,\n    );\n    reader.run(catchupConns);\n\n    let lastWatermark: string | undefined;\n    const catchupSnapshotted = this.#progressMonitor.trackTask({\n      task: 'capture-catchup-snapshot',\n      subscribers: subs.map(({subscriber: s}) => s.id),\n    });\n    try {\n      // Ensure that the transaction has started (and is thus holding a snapshot\n      // of the database) before continuing on to commit more changes. This is\n      // done by performing a single read on the db, which determines the\n      // snapshot for the REPEATABLE_READ transaction.\n      [{lastWatermark}] = await reader.processReadTask(\n        sql => sql<{lastWatermark: string}[]>`\n        SELECT \"lastWatermark\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')}\n      `,\n      );\n      lc.info?.(\n        `snapshotted db at ${lastWatermark} (${await snapshotID}) ` +\n          `to catchup ${numCatchups} subscriber(s)`,\n      );\n    } catch (e) {\n      subs.map(({subscriber}) => subscriber.fail(e));\n      throw e;\n    } finally {\n      catchupSnapshotted();\n    }\n\n    // Run the actual catchup queries in the background. Errors are handled in\n    // #catchup() by disconnecting the associated subscriber.\n    void Promise.allSettled(\n      subs.map(sub =>\n        this.#catchup(\n          lc.withContext('subscriber', sub.subscriber.id),\n          sub,\n          lastWatermark,\n          reader,\n        ),\n      ),\n    ).finally(() => {\n      reader.setDone();\n      void catchupConns.end().catch(() => {});\n    });\n  }\n\n  async #catchup(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    {subscriber: sub, mode}: SubscriberAndMode,\n    lastWatermark: string,\n    reader: TransactionPool,\n  ) {\n    let entriesReceived = 0;\n    let catchupProgressed = this.#progressMonitor.trackTask({\n      task: 'catchup',\n      subscriber: sub.id,\n      entriesReceived,\n    });\n    try {\n      lc.info?.(`starting catchup`);\n      await reader.processReadTask(async tx => {\n        lc.info?.(`catching up`);\n        const start = Date.now();\n\n        // When starting from initial-sync, there won't be a change with a watermark\n        // equal to the replica version. This is the empty changeLog scenario.\n        let watermarkFound = sub.watermark === this.#replicaVersion;\n        let count = 0;\n        let lastBatchConsumed: Promise<unknown> | undefined;\n\n        for await (const entries of tx<ChangeLogEntry[]> /*sql*/ `\n          SELECT watermark, change->'tag' as tag, change::text FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n           WHERE watermark >= ${sub.watermark}\n             AND watermark <= ${lastWatermark}\n           ORDER BY watermark, pos`.cursor(2000)) {\n          catchupProgressed();\n          entriesReceived += entries.length;\n\n          try {\n            // Wait for the last batch of entries to be consumed by the\n            // subscriber before sending down the current batch. This pipelining\n            // allows one batch of changes to be received from the change-db\n            // while the previous batch of changes are sent to the subscriber,\n            // resulting in flow control that caps the number of changes\n            // referenced in memory to 2 * batch-size.\n            const start = performance.now();\n            await lastBatchConsumed;\n            const elapsed = performance.now() - start;\n            if (lastBatchConsumed) {\n              lc[elapsed > 100 ? 'info' : 'debug']?.(\n                `waited ${elapsed.toFixed(3)} ms for ${sub.id} to consume last batch of catchup entries`,\n              );\n            }\n\n            for (const entry of entries) {\n              if (entry.watermark === sub.watermark) {\n                // This should be the first entry.\n                // Catchup starts from *after* the watermark.\n                watermarkFound = true;\n              } else if (watermarkFound) {\n                lastBatchConsumed = sub.catchup(\n                  reconstructWatermarkedChange(entry),\n                );\n                count++;\n              } else if (mode === 'backup') {\n                throw new AutoResetSignal(\n                  `backup replica at watermark ${sub.watermark} is behind change db: ${entry.watermark})`,\n                );\n              } else {\n                lc.warn?.(\n                  `rejecting subscriber at watermark ${sub.watermark} (earliest watermark: ${entry.watermark})`,\n                );\n                sub.close(\n                  ErrorType.WatermarkTooOld,\n                  `earliest supported watermark is ${entry.watermark} (requested ${sub.watermark})`,\n                );\n                return;\n              }\n            }\n          } finally {\n            // Track the db's read of the next chunk of changes.\n            catchupProgressed = this.#progressMonitor.trackTask({\n              task: 'catchup',\n              subscriber: sub.id,\n              entriesReceived,\n            });\n          }\n        }\n        catchupProgressed();\n\n        if (watermarkFound) {\n          await lastBatchConsumed;\n          lc.info?.(\n            `caught up ${sub.id} with ${count} changes (${\n              Date.now() - start\n            } ms)`,\n          );\n        } else {\n          // The subscriber is ahead of the latest durable changeLog entry\n          // (lastWatermark). This can legitimately happen: changes are\n          // forwarded to subscribers (the backup replica and view-syncers)\n          // concurrently with — and can outrun — the durable store, so a\n          // replica may briefly lead the change DB after the storer falls\n          // behind or the change-streamer restarts. No catchup is possible or\n          // needed; once the change DB catches back up, forwarding resumes and\n          // the subscriber dedups any watermarks it already has. Unlike the\n          // AutoResetSignal / WatermarkTooOld cases above, this is not a gap in\n          // replication history, so the subscriber is simply marked caught up.\n          lc.warn?.(\n            `subscriber ${sub.id} at watermark ${sub.watermark} is ahead of ` +\n              `the latest durable watermark ${lastWatermark}; waiting for the ` +\n              `change DB to catch up`,\n          );\n        }\n        // Start draining messages buffered during catchup. The returned promise\n        // is intentionally not awaited here: while the drain is in progress,\n        // new sends keep appending to the subscriber backlog and inherit its\n        // byte-based backpressure.\n        void sub.setCaughtUp();\n      });\n    } catch (err) {\n      lc.error?.(`error while catching up subscriber ${sub.id}`, err);\n      if (err instanceof AutoResetSignal) {\n        await markResetRequired(this.#db, this.#shard);\n        this.#onFatal(err);\n      }\n      sub.fail(err);\n    } finally {\n      catchupProgressed();\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Returns the db statements necessary to track backfill and table metadata\n   * presented in the `change`, if any.\n   *\n   * This is the Postgres interpreter of {@link cookieOps}, which is also\n   * interpreted against the SQLite change log by `ChangeLogCookieWriter`. The\n   * two stores have to agree on every transition forever, and the failure mode\n   * if they drift is a backfill that is silently never re-requested — so the\n   * decision of what a schema change *means* lives in one place and only its\n   * transport lives here.\n   */\n  #trackBackfillMetadata(sql: PostgresTransaction, change: SchemaChange) {\n    return cookieOps(change).flatMap(op => this.#cookieStmts(sql, op));\n  }\n\n  #cookieStmts(sql: PostgresTransaction, op: CookieOp): PendingQuery<Row[]>[] {\n    switch (op.op) {\n      case 'upsert-metadata':\n        return [this.#upsertTableMetadataStmt(sql, op.table, op.metadata)];\n\n      case 'upsert-backfill':\n        return [\n          this.#upsertColumnBackfillStmt(sql, op.table, op.column, op.backfill),\n        ];\n\n      case 'rename-table': {\n        const {old} = op;\n        const row = {schema: op.new.schema, table: op.new.name};\n        return [\n          sql`UPDATE ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')} SET ${sql(row)}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${old.schema} AND \"table\" = ${old.name}`,\n          sql`UPDATE ${this.#cdc('backfilling')} SET ${sql(row)}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${old.schema} AND \"table\" = ${old.name}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      case 'drop-table': {\n        const {schema, name} = op.table;\n        return [\n          sql`DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${name}`,\n          sql`DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${name}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      case 'rename-column': {\n        const {schema, name: table} = op.table;\n        return [\n          sql`UPDATE ${this.#cdc('backfilling')} SET \"column\" = ${op.new}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${table} AND \"column\" = ${op.old}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      case 'drop-column': {\n        const {schema, name} = op.table;\n        return [\n          sql`DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${name} AND \"column\" = ${op.column}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      case 'complete-backfill': {\n        const {schema, name: table} = op.table;\n        return [\n          sql`DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${table} AND \"column\" IN ${sql([...op.columns])}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      default:\n        unreachable(op);\n    }\n  }\n\n  #upsertTableMetadataStmt(\n    sql: PostgresTransaction,\n    {schema, name: table}: Identifier,\n    metadata: TableMetadata,\n  ) {\n    const row: TableMetadataRow = {schema, table, metadata};\n    return sql`\n        INSERT INTO ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')} ${sql(row)}\n          ON CONFLICT (\"schema\", \"table\")\n          DO UPDATE SET ${sql(row)};\n    `;\n  }\n\n  #upsertColumnBackfillStmt(\n    sql: PostgresTransaction,\n    {schema, name: table}: Identifier,\n    column: string,\n    backfill: BackfillID,\n  ) {\n    const row: BackfillingColumn = {schema, table, column, backfill};\n    return sql`\n        INSERT INTO ${this.#cdc('backfilling')} ${sql(row)}\n          ON CONFLICT (\"schema\", \"table\", \"column\")\n          DO UPDATE SET ${sql(row)};\n    `;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Waits until all currently queued entries have been processed.\n   * This is only used in tests.\n   */\n  async allProcessed() {\n    if (this.#running) {\n      const {promise, resolve} = resolver();\n      this.#queue.enqueue(['ready', resolve]);\n      await promise;\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Stops the storer and waits up to a drain timeout for entries to drain,\n   * throwing an exception if it doesn't drain in time, in order to abort\n   * the server when PG (or the connection to it) appears to be wedged.\n   */\n  async stop() {\n    if (this.#running) {\n      this.#progressMonitor.stop();\n      this.#lc.info?.(`draining ${this.#queue.size()} changeLog entries`);\n      this.abort(); // for cleanliness, abort any open transactions\n      this.#queue.enqueue('stop');\n    }\n    if (\n      (await orTimeout(this.#stopped, this.#drainTimeoutMs)) === 'timed-out'\n    ) {\n      throw new AbortError(\n        `changeLog did not drain within ${this.#drainTimeoutMs}ms`,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n}\n\nexport class PurgeLock {\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #tx: TransactionPool;\n  readonly replicaVersion: string;\n  readonly minWatermark: string;\n\n  constructor(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    tx: TransactionPool,\n    replicaVersion: string,\n    watermark: string,\n  ) {\n    this.#lc = lc;\n    this.#tx = tx;\n    this.replicaVersion = replicaVersion;\n    this.minWatermark = watermark;\n  }\n\n  #released = false;\n\n  async release() {\n    if (this.#released) {\n      return;\n    }\n    this.#released = true;\n    this.#tx.setDone();\n    await this.#tx\n      .done()\n      .catch(e => this.#lc.warn?.(`error from purge-lock release`, e));\n    this.#lc.info?.(`released purge lock on ${this.minWatermark}`);\n  }\n}\n\nexport class PurgeLocker {\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #shard: ShardID;\n  readonly #db: PostgresDB;\n\n  constructor(lc: LogContext, shard: ShardID, db: PostgresDB) {\n    this.#lc = lc.withContext('component', 'purge-locker');\n    this.#shard = shard;\n    this.#db = db;\n  }\n\n  // For readability in SQL statements.\n  #cdc(table: string) {\n    return this.#db(`${cdcSchema(this.#shard)}.${table}`);\n  }\n\n  async acquire() {\n    const tx = new TransactionPool(this.#lc, {mode: Mode.READ_COMMITTED}).run(\n      this.#db,\n    );\n    const row = await tx.processReadTask(\n      sql => sql<{watermark: string}[]>`\n      SELECT watermark FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n        ORDER BY watermark, pos LIMIT 1\n        FOR SHARE \n    `,\n    );\n    if (row.length === 0) {\n      this.#lc.info?.(`changeLog is empty. No rows to purge-lock.`);\n      tx.setDone();\n      await tx.done();\n      return null;\n    }\n    const [{watermark}] = row;\n    const [{replicaVersion}] = await tx.processReadTask(\n      sql => sql<{replicaVersion: string}[]>`\n        SELECT \"replicaVersion\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationConfig')}\n      `,\n    );\n    this.#lc.info?.(\n      `locked watermark ${watermark} from being purged from replica@${replicaVersion}`,\n    );\n    return new PurgeLock(this.#lc, tx, replicaVersion, watermark);\n  }\n}\n\n// A TaskKey, keyed by identity, representing an db task monitored by the\n// ProgressMonitor. The contents are stringified in error messages if the\n// task fails to make progress for more than a failure threshold interval.\ntype TaskKey = JSONObject;\n\ntype TaskDoneFn = () => void;\n\n/**\n * Periodic monitor for detecting the pathological condition in which a db\n * query hangs forever because of a connection problem, such as a half-closed\n * socket.\n *\n * Use this for db calls that recur or accumulate progress within a single\n * logical operation on the main storer loop (e.g. the queue-processing loop,\n * or a multi-batch catchup read), where \"no progress for N ms\" is the\n * meaningful signal. For a one-off db call -- including ones made before\n * {@link Storer.run} starts this monitor's polling -- use a plain timeout\n * (see `Storer.#withTimeout`) instead.\n *\n * The failure handler should stop the server. The ProgressMonitor will\n * assume this and stop itself after calling it.\n *\n * Internal to the Storer, but exported for testing.\n */\nexport class ProgressMonitor {\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #failureThresholdMs;\n  readonly #onFailure: (err: Error) => void;\n  readonly #taskUpdates = new Map<TaskKey, Date>();\n\n  #timer: NodeJS.Timeout | undefined;\n\n  constructor(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    failureThresholdMs: number,\n    onFailure: (err: Error) => void,\n  ) {\n    this.#lc = lc.withContext('component', 'storer-progress-monitor');\n    this.#failureThresholdMs = failureThresholdMs;\n    this.#onFailure = onFailure;\n  }\n\n  start() {\n    clearInterval(this.#timer);\n    this.#timer = setInterval(\n      () => this.checkTaskProgress(new Date()),\n      this.#failureThresholdMs,\n    ).unref();\n  }\n\n  // Called by an internal periodic timer, but exported for testing.\n  checkTaskProgress(now: Date) {\n    for (const [task, lastUpdate] of this.#taskUpdates.entries()) {\n      if (now.getTime() - lastUpdate.getTime() >= this.#failureThresholdMs) {\n        this.#lc.error?.(\n          `Last task update was more than ${this.#failureThresholdMs}ms ago`,\n          {task, lastUpdate},\n        );\n        this.#onFailure(\n          new Error(\n            `Task failed to progress for over ${this.#failureThresholdMs}ms: ${BigIntJSON.stringify(task)}`,\n          ),\n        );\n        this.stop();\n        return;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Starts a task to be tracked.\n   *\n   * @return a callback to invoke when the task is done.\n   */\n  trackTask(task: TaskKey, now = new Date()): TaskDoneFn {\n    this.#taskUpdates.set(task, now);\n    return () => {\n      this.#taskUpdates.delete(task);\n    };\n  }\n\n  stop() {\n    clearInterval(this.#timer);\n    this.#taskUpdates.clear();\n  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'postgres';\nimport {AbortError} from '../../../../shared/src/abort-error.ts';\nimport {assert, unreachable} from '../../../../shared/src/asserts.ts';\nimport {\n  BigIntJSON,\n  type JSONObject,\n} from '../../../../shared/src/bigint-json.ts';\nimport {Queue} from '../../../../shared/src/queue.ts';\nimport {promiseVoid} from '../../../../shared/src/resolved-promises.ts';\nimport * as v from '../../../../shared/src/valita.ts';\nimport * as Mode from '../../db/mode-enum.ts';\nimport {runTx} from '../../db/run-transaction.ts';\nimport {sharedSnapshot, TransactionPool} from '../../db/transaction-pool.ts';\nimport {type PostgresDB, type PostgresTransaction} from '../../types/pg.ts';\nimport {cdcSchema, type ShardID} from '../../types/shards.ts';\nimport {orTimeout} from '../../types/timeout.ts';\nimport {\n  backfillRequestSchema,\n  isDataChange,\n  isSchemaChange,\n  type BackfillID,\n  type BackfillRequest,\n  type Change,\n  type DataChange,\n  type Identifier,\n  type SchemaChange,\n  type TableMetadata,\n} from '../change-source/protocol/current.ts';\nimport {\n  type ChangeStreamData,\n  type Commit,\n} from '../change-source/protocol/current/downstream.ts';\nimport type {UpstreamStatusMessage} from '../change-source/protocol/current/status.ts';\nimport {\n  cookieOps,\n  type BackfillCookie,\n  type CookieOp,\n  type CookieSet,\n  type TableMetadataCookie,\n} from '../replicator/change-log-cookies.ts';\nimport type {ReplicatorMode} from '../replicator/replicator.ts';\nimport type {Service} from '../service.ts';\nimport {\n  reconstructWatermarkedChange,\n  serializeChangeStreamDataWithChange,\n  type ChangeLogEntry,\n  type SerializedChangeStreamData,\n} from './change-log-codec.ts';\nimport * as ErrorType from './error-type-enum.ts';\nimport {\n  AutoResetSignal,\n  markResetRequired,\n  type BackfillingColumn,\n  type TableMetadataRow,\n} from './schema/tables.ts';\nimport type {Subscriber} from './subscriber.ts';\n\n/**\n * Factory for creating dynamic connection pools used by the Storer to\n * isolate concurrent transactions into separate pg clients.\n */\nexport type PostgresDBProvider = (\n  applicationName: string,\n  maxConns: number,\n) => PostgresDB;\n\ntype SubscriberAndMode = {\n  subscriber: Subscriber;\n  mode: ReplicatorMode;\n};\n\ntype QueueEntry =\n  | [\n      'change',\n      watermark: string,\n      json: string,\n      storedChange: string,\n      orig: Exclude<Change, DataChange> | null, // null for DataChanges\n    ]\n  | ['ready', callback: () => void]\n  | ['subscriber', SubscriberAndMode]\n  | ['abort']\n  | 'stop';\n\ntype PendingTransaction = {\n  pool: TransactionPool;\n  preCommitWatermark: string;\n  pos: number;\n  startingReplicationState: Promise<ReplicationOwner>;\n  ack: boolean;\n  // changeLog rows buffered for the next multi-row INSERT flush.\n  batch: ChangeLogRow[];\n  // The most recently issued flush (or metadata) process, awaited to bound\n  // pipeline depth and to order the commit-time replicationState update.\n  lastFlush: Promise<unknown> | undefined;\n};\n\ntype ReplicationOwner = {\n  owner: string | null;\n};\n\nconst backfillRequestsSchema = v.array(backfillRequestSchema);\n\nexport type TuningOptions = {\n  backPressureLimitHeapProportion: number;\n  statementTimeoutMs: number;\n  changeLogBatchSize: number;\n  drainTimeoutMs?: number | undefined;\n};\n\n/**\n * A single `changeLog` row, accumulated in {@link PendingTransaction.batch}\n * and written via `json_to_recordset()` (see `#flushChangeLog()`).\n */\ntype ChangeLogRow = {\n  watermark: string;\n  precommit: string | null;\n  pos: number;\n  change: string;\n};\n\n/**\n * Handles the storage of changes and the catchup of subscribers\n * that are behind.\n *\n * In the context of catchup and cleanup, it is the responsibility of the\n * Storer to decide whether a client can be caught up, or whether the\n * changes needed to catch a client up have been purged.\n *\n * **Maintained invariant**: The Change DB is only empty for a\n * completely new replica (i.e. initial-sync with no changes from the\n * replication stream).\n * * In this case, all new subscribers are expected start from the\n *   `replicaVersion`, which is the version at which initial sync\n *   was performed, and any attempts to catchup from a different\n *   point fail.\n *\n * Conversely, if non-initial changes have flowed through the system\n * (i.e. via the replication stream), the ChangeDB must *not* be empty,\n * and the earliest change in the `changeLog` represents the earliest\n * \"commit\" from (after) which a subscriber can be caught up.\n * * Any attempts to catchup from an earlier point must fail with\n *   a `WatermarkTooOld` error.\n * * Failure to do so could result in streaming changes to the\n *   subscriber such that there is a gap in its replication history.\n *\n * Note: Subscribers (i.e. `incremental-syncer`) consider an \"error\" signal\n * an unrecoverable error and shut down in response. This allows the\n * production system to replace it with a new task and fresh copy of the\n * replica backup.\n */\nexport class Storer implements Service {\n  readonly id = 'storer';\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #shard: ShardID;\n  readonly #taskID: string;\n  readonly #discoveryAddress: string;\n  readonly #discoveryProtocol: string;\n  readonly #makeConnectionPool: PostgresDBProvider;\n\n  // Isolated connection pools for steady-state, potentially concurrent\n  // queries, in order to avoid a postgres.js connection-swapping bug:\n  // https://github.com/porsager/postgres/issues/1204\n  readonly #db: PostgresDB;\n  readonly #inserter: PostgresDB;\n  readonly #purger: PostgresDB;\n\n  readonly #replicaVersion: string;\n  readonly #onCommitted: (c: Commit) => void;\n  readonly #onFatal: (err: Error) => void;\n  readonly #queue = new Queue<QueueEntry>();\n  readonly #backPressureThresholdBytes: number;\n  readonly #statementTimeoutMs: number;\n  readonly #changeLogBatchSize: number;\n  readonly #drainTimeoutMs: number;\n  readonly #progressMonitor: ProgressMonitor;\n\n  #approximateQueuedBytes = 0;\n  #running = false;\n\n  constructor(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    shard: ShardID,\n    taskID: string,\n    discoveryAddress: string,\n    discoveryProtocol: string,\n    dbProvider: PostgresDBProvider,\n    replicaVersion: string,\n    onCommitted: (c: Commit | UpstreamStatusMessage) => void,\n    onFatal: (err: Error) => void,\n    {\n      backPressureLimitHeapProportion,\n      statementTimeoutMs,\n      changeLogBatchSize,\n      drainTimeoutMs = 30_000,\n    }: TuningOptions,\n  ) {\n    this.#lc = lc.withContext('component', 'change-log');\n    this.#shard = shard;\n    this.#taskID = taskID;\n    this.#discoveryAddress = discoveryAddress;\n    this.#discoveryProtocol = discoveryProtocol;\n    this.#makeConnectionPool = dbProvider;\n    this.#db = dbProvider('change-stream-init', 3);\n    this.#inserter = dbProvider('change-log-inserter', 1);\n    this.#purger = dbProvider('change-log-purger', 1);\n    this.#replicaVersion = replicaVersion;\n    this.#onCommitted = onCommitted;\n    this.#onFatal = onFatal;\n    this.#statementTimeoutMs = statementTimeoutMs;\n    this.#changeLogBatchSize = Math.max(1, changeLogBatchSize);\n    this.#drainTimeoutMs = drainTimeoutMs;\n    this.#progressMonitor = new ProgressMonitor(\n      lc,\n      statementTimeoutMs,\n      onFatal,\n    );\n\n    const heapStats = getHeapStatistics();\n    this.#backPressureThresholdBytes =\n      (heapStats.heap_size_limit - heapStats.used_heap_size) *\n      backPressureLimitHeapProportion;\n\n    this.#lc.info?.(\n      `Using up to ${(this.#backPressureThresholdBytes / 1024 ** 2).toFixed(2)} MB of ` +\n        `--max-old-space-size (~${(heapStats.heap_size_limit / 1024 ** 2).toFixed(2)} MB) ` +\n        `to absorb upstream spikes`,\n      {heapStats},\n    );\n  }\n\n  // For readability in SQL statements.\n  #cdc(table: string) {\n    return this.#db(`${cdcSchema(this.#shard)}.${table}`);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Bounds a one-off db call (i.e. not part of the main storer loop or the\n   * background catchup read, which are tracked by the ProgressMonitor\n   * instead) with a plain timeout. This covers calls like\n   * {@link assumeOwnership} and {@link getStartStreamInitializationParameters}\n   * that are made by the caller *before* {@link run()} -- and thus before the\n   * ProgressMonitor's polling starts -- as well as ones made well after,\n   * where a continuously-polling watchdog would be overkill for a single\n   * bounded db round trip.\n   *\n   * Does not cancel `promise` on timeout (there is no cancellation mechanism\n   * for a postgres.js query); it just stops waiting for it, and swallows a\n   * later rejection so it doesn't surface as an unhandled rejection.\n   */\n  async #withTimeout<T>(name: string, promise: Promise<T>): Promise<T> {\n    const result = await orTimeout(promise, this.#statementTimeoutMs);\n    if (result === 'timed-out') {\n      void promise.catch(() => {});\n      throw new AbortError(\n        `${name} did not complete within ${this.#statementTimeoutMs}ms`,\n      );\n    }\n    return result;\n  }\n\n  async assumeOwnership(purgeLock?: PurgeLock | null) {\n    const db = this.#db;\n    const owner = this.#taskID;\n    const ownerAddress = this.#discoveryAddress;\n    const ownerProtocol = this.#discoveryProtocol;\n    // we omit `ws://` so that old view syncer versions that are not expecting the protocol continue to not get it\n    const addressWithProtocol =\n      ownerProtocol === 'ws'\n        ? ownerAddress\n        : `${ownerProtocol}://${ownerAddress}`;\n    this.#lc.info?.(`assuming ownership at ${addressWithProtocol}`);\n    const start = performance.now();\n    await this.#withTimeout(\n      'assume-ownership',\n      db`UPDATE ${this.#cdc('replicationState')} SET ${db({owner, ownerAddress: addressWithProtocol})}`,\n    );\n    const elapsed = (performance.now() - start).toFixed(2);\n    this.#lc.info?.(\n      `assumed ownership at ${addressWithProtocol} (${elapsed} ms)`,\n    );\n\n    if (purgeLock) {\n      // Once ownership has been assumed, any initial purge-lock preventing the\n      // purging of change-log records can be released, as a change-streamer\n      // that was attempting to purge records will correspondingly abort on the\n      // ownership check.\n      void purgeLock.release();\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * The whole of what a stream connection starts from: where to resume, what to\n   * ask the change source to backfill, and the raw cookie set those requests\n   * were derived from.\n   *\n   * All four statements run in one REPEATABLE READ transaction, so they see one\n   * snapshot. That is invariant 15 — the resume watermark and the cookies must\n   * come from the same store, read at the same position — and it is why the\n   * cookies are read here rather than by a second call: a cookie set paired\n   * with a watermark it was not folded to loses every backfill that completed\n   * in the interval, and those rows are not replayable from the slot.\n   *\n   * `cookies` is not `backfillRequests` in another shape. The request list is\n   * driven off `backfilling`, so it drops the metadata of every table with no\n   * in-flight backfill — correct for starting a stream, lossy as the cookie\n   * snapshot that the SQLite change log continues folding onto.\n   */\n  async getStartStreamInitializationParameters(): Promise<{\n    lastWatermark: string;\n    backfillRequests: BackfillRequest[];\n    cookies: CookieSet;\n  }> {\n    const [[{lastWatermark}], result, tableMetadata, backfilling] =\n      await this.#withTimeout(\n        'get-stream-params',\n        runTx(\n          this.#db,\n          sql => [\n            sql<{lastWatermark: string}[]>`\n        SELECT \"lastWatermark\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')}`,\n\n            // Formats a BackfillRequest using json_object_agg() to construct the\n            // `columns` object. It is LEFT JOIN'ed with the `tableMetadata` table\n            // to make it optional and possibly `null`.\n            sql`\n        SELECT\n            json_build_object(\n              'schema', b.\"schema\",\n              'name', b.\"table\",\n              'metadata', t.\"metadata\"\n            ) as \"table\",\n            json_object_agg(b.\"column\", b.\"backfill\")\n              as \"columns\"\n          FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')} as b\n          LEFT JOIN ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')} as t\n          ON (b.\"schema\" = t.\"schema\" AND b.\"table\" = t.\"table\")\n          GROUP BY b.\"schema\", b.\"table\", t.\"metadata\"\n        `,\n\n            // Ordered by primary key, so that this set and the SQLite change log's\n            // can be compared row for row. `COLLATE \"C\"` because that comparison is\n            // against a store whose TEXT columns sort by byte: a linguistic\n            // collation orders `foo-bar` and `foobar` differently than SQLite's\n            // BINARY does, which would read as a divergence rather than as the\n            // identical set it is.\n            sql<TableMetadataCookie[]>`\n        SELECT \"schema\", \"table\", \"metadata\" FROM ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')}\n          ORDER BY \"schema\" COLLATE \"C\", \"table\" COLLATE \"C\"`,\n\n            sql<BackfillCookie[]>`\n        SELECT \"schema\", \"table\", \"column\", \"backfill\" FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')}\n          ORDER BY \"schema\" COLLATE \"C\", \"table\" COLLATE \"C\", \"column\" COLLATE \"C\"`,\n          ],\n          {mode: Mode.READONLY},\n        ),\n      );\n\n    return {\n      lastWatermark,\n      backfillRequests: v.parse(result, backfillRequestsSchema),\n      cookies: {\n        tableMetadata: [...tableMetadata],\n        backfilling: [...backfilling],\n      },\n    };\n  }\n\n  async getMinWatermarkForCatchup(): Promise<string | null> {\n    const [{minWatermark}] = await this.#withTimeout(\n      'get-min-watermark',\n      this.#db<{minWatermark: string | null}[]> /*sql*/ `\n      SELECT min(watermark) as \"minWatermark\" FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}`,\n    );\n    return minWatermark;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Returns the retained Postgres catchup bounds.\n   * `minWatermark` is the oldest transaction, or `null` for a new replica.\n   * `lastWatermark` is the durable head.\n   */\n  async getCatchupBounds(): Promise<{\n    minWatermark: string | null;\n    lastWatermark: string;\n  }> {\n    const [bounds] = await this.#withTimeout(\n      'get-catchup-bounds',\n      this.#db<{minWatermark: string | null; lastWatermark: string}[]> /*sql*/ `\n      SELECT\n        (SELECT min(watermark) FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}) as \"minWatermark\",\n        (SELECT \"lastWatermark\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')}) as \"lastWatermark\"`,\n    );\n    return bounds;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Lists at most `limit` committed transaction watermarks in\n   * `(afterWatermark, throughWatermark]`, in ascending order.\n   */\n  async listCommitWatermarks(\n    afterWatermark: string,\n    throughWatermark: string,\n    limit: number,\n  ): Promise<string[]> {\n    const rows = await this.#db<{watermark: string}[]> /*sql*/ `\n      SELECT watermark FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n       WHERE precommit IS NOT NULL\n         AND watermark > ${afterWatermark}\n         AND watermark <= ${throughWatermark}\n       ORDER BY watermark\n       LIMIT ${limit}`;\n    return rows.map(({watermark}) => watermark);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Reads `(afterWatermark, throughWatermark]` in stream order and bounded batches.\n   * This query matches the subscriber catchup query.\n   *\n   * Both queries fail when an escaped NUL reaches `change->'tag'`.\n   * Postgres cannot convert that value to text.\n   */\n  readCatchupRange(\n    afterWatermark: string,\n    throughWatermark: string,\n    batchRows = 2000,\n  ): AsyncIterable<ChangeLogEntry[]> {\n    assert(\n      Number.isSafeInteger(batchRows) && batchRows > 0,\n      'Postgres change log batch size must be a positive safe integer',\n    );\n    return this.#db<ChangeLogEntry[]> /*sql*/ `\n      SELECT watermark, change->'tag' as tag, change::text FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n       WHERE watermark > ${afterWatermark}\n         AND watermark <= ${throughWatermark}\n       ORDER BY watermark, pos`.cursor(batchRows) as AsyncIterable<\n      ChangeLogEntry[]\n    >;\n  }\n\n  // Note: These are the only db `await`s that are not tracked by the\n  //       ProgressMonitor, as the delete can legitimately block and/or take\n  //       an arbitrary amount of time. Luckily, this is a background call and\n  //       thus cannot cause the storer loop to hang.\n  purgeRecordsBefore(watermark: string): Promise<number> {\n    return runTx(this.#purger, async sql => {\n      // This NOWAIT pre-check is an optimization to abort the transaction\n      // (and release associated resources) early.\n      await sql<{watermark: string}[]>`\n          SELECT watermark FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n            ORDER BY watermark, pos LIMIT 1\n            FOR UPDATE NOWAIT\n        `;\n      // If the row is purge-locked by an incoming replication-manager, it\n      // will assume ownership of the change-log before releasing the lock.\n      // This DELETE blocks until the lock is released, allowing the change\n      // in ownership to be reliably detected (and the transaction aborted)\n      // in the subsequent check.\n      const [{deleted}] = await sql<{deleted: bigint}[]>`\n        -- The backup watermark can be ahead of the durable changeLog if the\n        -- storer is behind but the backup replica has consumed forwarded\n        -- changes. Preserve the latest durable changeLog transaction as the\n        -- catchup boundary instead of assuming the backup watermark exists.\n        -- The storer inserts each changeLog transaction atomically, so any\n        -- durable row for a watermark implies the full transaction is durable.\n        WITH keep AS (\n          SELECT max(watermark) AS watermark\n          FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n        ), purged AS (\n          DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')} WHERE watermark < ${watermark} \n            AND watermark < (SELECT watermark FROM keep)\n            RETURNING watermark, pos\n        ) SELECT COUNT(*) as deleted FROM purged;`;\n\n      const [{owner}] = await sql<ReplicationOwner[]>`\n        SELECT \"owner\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')} FOR SHARE`;\n      if (owner !== this.#taskID) {\n        throw new AbortError(\n          `aborting changeLog purge to ${watermark} because ownership has been taken by ${owner}`,\n        );\n      }\n      return Number(deleted);\n    });\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * @returns The JSON stringified stream message to be sent downstream.\n   */\n  store(\n    watermark: string,\n    data: ChangeStreamData,\n    serialized: SerializedChangeStreamData = serializeChangeStreamDataWithChange(\n      data,\n    ),\n  ) {\n    // Eagerly stringify the JSON payload to:\n    // - avoid redundant stringification when fanning out to subscribers\n    // - efficiently estimate the amount of memory the payload consumes\n    const {json, change: storedChange} = serialized;\n    this.#approximateQueuedBytes += json.length;\n\n    const change = data[1];\n    this.#queue.enqueue([\n      'change',\n      watermark,\n      json,\n      storedChange,\n      isDataChange(change) ? null : change, // drop DataChanges to save memory\n    ]);\n\n    return json;\n  }\n\n  abort() {\n    this.#queue.enqueue(['abort']);\n  }\n\n  catchup(subscriber: Subscriber, mode: ReplicatorMode) {\n    this.#queue.enqueue(['subscriber', {subscriber, mode}]);\n  }\n\n  #readyForMore: Resolver<void> | null = null;\n\n  readyForMore(): Promise<void> | undefined {\n    if (!this.#running) {\n      return undefined;\n    }\n    if (\n      this.#readyForMore === null &&\n      this.#approximateQueuedBytes > this.#backPressureThresholdBytes\n    ) {\n      this.#lc.warn?.(\n        `applying back pressure with ${this.#queue.size()} queued changes (~${(this.#approximateQueuedBytes / 1024 ** 2).toFixed(2)} MB)\\n` +\n          `\\n` +\n          `To inspect changeLog backlog in your change DB:\\n` +\n          `  SELECT\\n` +\n          `    (change->'relation'->>'schema') || '.' || (change->'relation'->>'name') AS table_name,\\n` +\n          `    change->>'tag' AS operation,\\n` +\n          `    COUNT(*) AS count\\n` +\n          `  FROM \"<app_id>/cdc\".\"changeLog\"\\n` +\n          `  GROUP BY 1, 2\\n` +\n          `  ORDER BY 3 DESC\\n` +\n          `  LIMIT 20;`,\n      );\n      this.#readyForMore = resolver();\n    }\n    return this.#readyForMore?.promise;\n  }\n\n  #maybeReleaseBackPressure() {\n    if (this.#readyForMore !== null) {\n      // Wait for at least 20% of the threshold to free up.\n      if (\n        this.#approximateQueuedBytes <\n        this.#backPressureThresholdBytes * 0.8\n      ) {\n        this.#lc.info?.(\n          `releasing back pressure with ${this.#queue.size()} queued changes (~${(this.#approximateQueuedBytes / 1024 ** 2).toFixed(2)} MB)`,\n        );\n        this.#readyForMore.resolve();\n        this.#readyForMore = null;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Flushes any buffered {@link PendingTransaction.batch} rows to the changeLog.\n   *\n   * Uses `json_to_recordset()` so the batch is a single JSON parameter: the\n   * statement text stays constant regardless of batch size, avoiding the\n   * unbounded prepared-statement variants (and Postgres memory growth) that a\n   * multi-row INSERT would produce. See rocicorp/mono#3511.\n   *\n   * Returns (and updates) {@link PendingTransaction.lastFlush}; a no-op when the\n   * batch is empty.\n   */\n  #flushChangeLog(tx: PendingTransaction): Promise<unknown> | undefined {\n    const {batch} = tx;\n    if (batch.length === 0) {\n      return tx.lastFlush;\n    }\n    tx.batch = [];\n    tx.lastFlush = tx.pool.process(sql => [\n      sql`\n        INSERT INTO ${this.#cdc('changeLog')} (\"watermark\", \"pos\", \"change\", \"precommit\")\n        SELECT \"watermark\", \"pos\", \"change\"::json, \"precommit\"\n          FROM json_to_recordset(${batch}) AS x(\n            \"watermark\" TEXT,\n            \"pos\" INT8,\n            \"change\" TEXT,\n            \"precommit\" TEXT\n          )`,\n    ]);\n    return tx.lastFlush;\n  }\n\n  #stopped = promiseVoid;\n\n  /**\n   * Runs the storer loop until {@link stop()} is called, or an error is thrown.\n   * Once {@link run()} completes, it can be called again.\n   */\n  async run() {\n    assert(!this.#running, `storer is already running`);\n\n    const {promise: stopped, resolve: signalStopped} = resolver();\n    this.#running = true;\n    this.#stopped = stopped;\n\n    this.#lc.info?.('starting storer');\n    this.#progressMonitor.start(); // Note: This is stopped in stop()\n    let err: unknown;\n    try {\n      await this.#processQueue();\n    } catch (e) {\n      err = e; // used in finally\n      throw e;\n    } finally {\n      // Release any pending backpressure so the upstream can proceed\n      if (this.#readyForMore !== null) {\n        this.#readyForMore.resolve();\n        this.#readyForMore = null;\n      }\n      this.#cancelQueueEntries(\n        this.#queue.drain().filter(entry => entry !== undefined),\n        err,\n      );\n      this.#running = false;\n      signalStopped();\n      this.#lc.info?.('storer stopped');\n    }\n  }\n\n  #cancelQueueEntries(queue: QueueEntry[], e: unknown) {\n    if (queue.length === 0) {\n      return;\n    }\n    this.#lc.info?.(\n      `canceling ${queue.length} entries from the changeLog queue`,\n    );\n    const err = e instanceof Error ? e : new AbortError('server shutting down');\n    for (const entry of queue) {\n      if (entry === 'stop') {\n        continue;\n      }\n      const type = entry[0];\n      switch (type) {\n        case 'subscriber': {\n          // Disconnect subscribers waiting to be caught up so that they can\n          // reconnect and try again.\n          const {subscriber} = entry[1];\n          this.#lc.info?.(`disconnecting ${subscriber.id}`);\n          subscriber.fail(err);\n          break;\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  async #processQueue() {\n    let tx: PendingTransaction | null = null;\n    let msg: QueueEntry | false;\n\n    // Track the progress of each (previous and next) queue entry before it is\n    // processed in the loop.\n    let lastTaskDone: TaskDoneFn | undefined;\n    const nextMessage = async () => {\n      lastTaskDone?.();\n      lastTaskDone = undefined;\n      const entry = await this.#queue.dequeue();\n      if (entry !== 'stop') {\n        lastTaskDone = this.#progressMonitor.trackTask({\n          task: 'queue-entry',\n          // Note: TaskKeys are logged, so only include entry[0] (the type) to\n          // avoid logging application data.\n          type: entry[0],\n        });\n      }\n      return entry;\n    };\n\n    const catchupQueue: SubscriberAndMode[] = [];\n    try {\n      while ((msg = await nextMessage()) !== 'stop') {\n        const [msgType] = msg;\n        switch (msgType) {\n          case 'ready': {\n            const signalReady = msg[1];\n            signalReady();\n            continue;\n          }\n          case 'subscriber': {\n            const subscriber = msg[1];\n            if (tx) {\n              catchupQueue.push(subscriber); // Wait for the current tx to complete.\n            } else {\n              await this.#startCatchup([subscriber]); // Catch up immediately.\n            }\n            continue;\n          }\n          case 'abort': {\n            if (tx) {\n              tx.pool.abort();\n              await tx.pool.done();\n              tx = null;\n            }\n            continue;\n          }\n        }\n        // msgType === 'change'\n        const [_, watermark, json, storedChange, change] = msg;\n        const tag = change?.tag;\n        this.#approximateQueuedBytes -= json.length;\n\n        if (tag === 'begin') {\n          assert(!tx, 'received BEGIN in the middle of a transaction');\n          const {promise, resolve, reject} = resolver<ReplicationOwner>();\n          void promise.catch(() => {}); // handle rejections before the await\n          tx = {\n            pool: new TransactionPool(\n              this.#lc.withContext('watermark', watermark),\n              {mode: Mode.READ_COMMITTED},\n            ),\n            preCommitWatermark: watermark,\n            pos: 0,\n            startingReplicationState: promise,\n            ack: !change.skipAck,\n            batch: [],\n            lastFlush: undefined,\n          };\n          tx.pool.run(this.#inserter);\n          // Acquire a lock on the replicationState row to detect and/or prevent\n          // a concurrent ownership change.\n          void tx.pool.process(tx => {\n            tx<ReplicationOwner[]> /*sql*/ `\n          SELECT \"owner\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')} FOR UPDATE`.then(\n              ([result]) => resolve(result),\n              reject,\n            );\n            return [];\n          });\n        } else {\n          assert(tx, () => `received change outside of transaction: ${json}`);\n          tx.pos++;\n        }\n\n        const entry: ChangeLogRow = {\n          watermark: tag === 'commit' ? watermark : tx.preCommitWatermark,\n          precommit: tag === 'commit' ? tx.preCommitWatermark : null,\n          pos: tx.pos,\n          // For backwards compatibility, only the change message is stored\n          // in the cdc changeLog. It was serialized separately with the\n          // downstream envelope, so no full-message scan is needed here.\n          change: storedChange,\n        };\n\n        if (change !== null && isSchemaChange(change)) {\n          // Schema changes carry backfill / table-metadata statements that\n          // must be applied in stream order relative to the changeLog rows.\n          // Flush any buffered rows first, then write this row together with\n          // its metadata statements as a single unit (preserving the previous\n          // per-change ordering for schema changes).\n          await this.#flushChangeLog(tx);\n          tx.lastFlush = tx.pool.process(sql => [\n            sql`INSERT INTO ${this.#cdc('changeLog')} ${sql(entry)}`,\n            ...this.#trackBackfillMetadata(sql, change),\n          ]);\n        } else {\n          // Accumulate plain changeLog rows (begin, data changes, commit) and\n          // write them as a single multi-row INSERT. Collapsing the per-change\n          // single-row INSERTs into batches is the dominant cost reduction for\n          // large transactions, where the previous one-statement-per-change\n          // path dominated the upstream replication lag.\n          tx.batch.push(entry);\n          if (tx.batch.length >= this.#changeLogBatchSize) {\n            // Bound pipeline depth (and thus memory) by awaiting the previous\n            // flush before issuing the next. This is the batched analog of the\n            // previous per-100-statement backpressure await, and likewise\n            // guards against memory blowup on very large transactions.\n            const prevFlush = tx.lastFlush;\n            void this.#flushChangeLog(tx);\n            await prevFlush;\n          }\n        }\n        this.#maybeReleaseBackPressure();\n\n        if (tag === 'commit') {\n          // Flush any remaining buffered changeLog rows (including this commit\n          // row) before updating the replication state, so the state update is\n          // ordered after all changeLog inserts for this transaction.\n          void this.#flushChangeLog(tx);\n\n          const {owner} = await tx.startingReplicationState;\n          if (owner !== this.#taskID) {\n            // Ownership change reflected in the replicationState read in 'begin'.\n            tx.pool.fail(\n              new AbortError(\n                `changeLog ownership has been assumed by ${owner}`,\n              ),\n            );\n          } else {\n            // Update the replication state.\n            const lastWatermark = watermark;\n            void tx.pool.process(tx => [\n              tx`\n            UPDATE ${this.#cdc('replicationState')} SET ${tx({lastWatermark})}`,\n            ]);\n            tx.pool.setDone();\n          }\n\n          await tx.pool.done();\n\n          // ACK the LSN to the upstream Postgres.\n          if (tx.ack) {\n            this.#onCommitted(['commit', change, {watermark}]);\n          }\n          tx = null;\n\n          // Before beginning the next transaction, open a READONLY snapshot to\n          // concurrently catchup any queued subscribers.\n          await this.#startCatchup(catchupQueue.splice(0));\n        } else if (tag === 'rollback') {\n          // Aborted transactions are not stored in the changeLog. Abort the current tx\n          // and process catchup of subscribers that were waiting for it to end.\n          tx.pool.abort();\n          await tx.pool.done();\n          tx = null;\n\n          await this.#startCatchup(catchupQueue.splice(0));\n        }\n      }\n    } catch (e) {\n      catchupQueue.forEach(({subscriber}) => subscriber.fail(e));\n      throw e;\n    }\n  }\n\n  async #startCatchup(subs: SubscriberAndMode[]) {\n    const numCatchups = subs.length;\n    if (numCatchups === 0) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const lc = this.#lc.withContext('pool', 'catchup');\n    const {init, cleanup, snapshotID} = sharedSnapshot();\n    const reader = new TransactionPool(lc, {\n      mode: Mode.READONLY,\n      init,\n      cleanup,\n      initialWorkers: subs.length,\n    });\n\n    // A dynamic connection pool is created for catchup, sized to the number\n    // of subscribers being caught up.\n    const catchupConns = this.#makeConnectionPool(\n      'subscriber-catchup',\n      numCatchups,\n    );\n    reader.run(catchupConns);\n\n    let lastWatermark: string | undefined;\n    const catchupSnapshotted = this.#progressMonitor.trackTask({\n      task: 'capture-catchup-snapshot',\n      subscribers: subs.map(({subscriber: s}) => s.id),\n    });\n    try {\n      // Ensure that the transaction has started (and is thus holding a snapshot\n      // of the database) before continuing on to commit more changes. This is\n      // done by performing a single read on the db, which determines the\n      // snapshot for the REPEATABLE_READ transaction.\n      [{lastWatermark}] = await reader.processReadTask(\n        sql => sql<{lastWatermark: string}[]>`\n        SELECT \"lastWatermark\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationState')}\n      `,\n      );\n      lc.info?.(\n        `snapshotted db at ${lastWatermark} (${await snapshotID}) ` +\n          `to catchup ${numCatchups} subscriber(s)`,\n      );\n    } catch (e) {\n      subs.map(({subscriber}) => subscriber.fail(e));\n      throw e;\n    } finally {\n      catchupSnapshotted();\n    }\n\n    // Run the actual catchup queries in the background. Errors are handled in\n    // #catchup() by disconnecting the associated subscriber.\n    void Promise.allSettled(\n      subs.map(sub =>\n        this.#catchup(\n          lc.withContext('subscriber', sub.subscriber.id),\n          sub,\n          lastWatermark,\n          reader,\n        ),\n      ),\n    ).finally(() => {\n      reader.setDone();\n      void catchupConns.end().catch(() => {});\n    });\n  }\n\n  async #catchup(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    {subscriber: sub, mode}: SubscriberAndMode,\n    lastWatermark: string,\n    reader: TransactionPool,\n  ) {\n    let entriesReceived = 0;\n    let catchupProgressed = this.#progressMonitor.trackTask({\n      task: 'catchup',\n      subscriber: sub.id,\n      entriesReceived,\n    });\n    try {\n      lc.info?.(`starting catchup`);\n      await reader.processReadTask(async tx => {\n        lc.info?.(`catching up`);\n        const start = Date.now();\n\n        // When starting from initial-sync, there won't be a change with a watermark\n        // equal to the replica version. This is the empty changeLog scenario.\n        let watermarkFound = sub.watermark === this.#replicaVersion;\n        let count = 0;\n        let lastBatchConsumed: Promise<unknown> | undefined;\n\n        for await (const entries of tx<ChangeLogEntry[]> /*sql*/ `\n          SELECT watermark, change->'tag' as tag, change::text FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n           WHERE watermark >= ${sub.watermark}\n             AND watermark <= ${lastWatermark}\n           ORDER BY watermark, pos`.cursor(2000)) {\n          catchupProgressed();\n          entriesReceived += entries.length;\n\n          try {\n            // Wait for the last batch of entries to be consumed by the\n            // subscriber before sending down the current batch. This pipelining\n            // allows one batch of changes to be received from the change-db\n            // while the previous batch of changes are sent to the subscriber,\n            // resulting in flow control that caps the number of changes\n            // referenced in memory to 2 * batch-size.\n            const start = performance.now();\n            await lastBatchConsumed;\n            const elapsed = performance.now() - start;\n            if (lastBatchConsumed) {\n              lc[elapsed > 100 ? 'info' : 'debug']?.(\n                `waited ${elapsed.toFixed(3)} ms for ${sub.id} to consume last batch of catchup entries`,\n              );\n            }\n\n            for (const entry of entries) {\n              if (entry.watermark === sub.watermark) {\n                // This should be the first entry.\n                // Catchup starts from *after* the watermark.\n                watermarkFound = true;\n              } else if (watermarkFound) {\n                lastBatchConsumed = sub.catchup(\n                  reconstructWatermarkedChange(entry),\n                );\n                count++;\n              } else if (mode === 'backup') {\n                throw new AutoResetSignal(\n                  `backup replica at watermark ${sub.watermark} is behind change db: ${entry.watermark})`,\n                );\n              } else {\n                lc.warn?.(\n                  `rejecting subscriber at watermark ${sub.watermark} (earliest watermark: ${entry.watermark})`,\n                );\n                sub.close(\n                  ErrorType.WatermarkTooOld,\n                  `earliest supported watermark is ${entry.watermark} (requested ${sub.watermark})`,\n                );\n                return;\n              }\n            }\n          } finally {\n            // Track the db's read of the next chunk of changes.\n            catchupProgressed = this.#progressMonitor.trackTask({\n              task: 'catchup',\n              subscriber: sub.id,\n              entriesReceived,\n            });\n          }\n        }\n        catchupProgressed();\n\n        if (watermarkFound) {\n          await lastBatchConsumed;\n          lc.info?.(\n            `caught up ${sub.id} with ${count} changes (${\n              Date.now() - start\n            } ms)`,\n          );\n        } else {\n          // The subscriber is ahead of the latest durable changeLog entry\n          // (lastWatermark). This can legitimately happen: changes are\n          // forwarded to subscribers (the backup replica and view-syncers)\n          // concurrently with — and can outrun — the durable store, so a\n          // replica may briefly lead the change DB after the storer falls\n          // behind or the change-streamer restarts. No catchup is possible or\n          // needed; once the change DB catches back up, forwarding resumes and\n          // the subscriber dedups any watermarks it already has. Unlike the\n          // AutoResetSignal / WatermarkTooOld cases above, this is not a gap in\n          // replication history, so the subscriber is simply marked caught up.\n          lc.warn?.(\n            `subscriber ${sub.id} at watermark ${sub.watermark} is ahead of ` +\n              `the latest durable watermark ${lastWatermark}; waiting for the ` +\n              `change DB to catch up`,\n          );\n        }\n        // Start draining messages buffered during catchup. The returned promise\n        // is intentionally not awaited here: while the drain is in progress,\n        // new sends keep appending to the subscriber backlog and inherit its\n        // byte-based backpressure.\n        void sub.setCaughtUp();\n      });\n    } catch (err) {\n      lc.error?.(`error while catching up subscriber ${sub.id}`, err);\n      if (err instanceof AutoResetSignal) {\n        await markResetRequired(this.#db, this.#shard);\n        this.#onFatal(err);\n      }\n      sub.fail(err);\n    } finally {\n      catchupProgressed();\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Returns the db statements necessary to track backfill and table metadata\n   * presented in the `change`, if any.\n   *\n   * This is the Postgres interpreter of {@link cookieOps}, which is also\n   * interpreted against the SQLite change log by `ChangeLogCookieWriter`. The\n   * two stores have to agree on every transition forever, and the failure mode\n   * if they drift is a backfill that is silently never re-requested — so the\n   * decision of what a schema change *means* lives in one place and only its\n   * transport lives here.\n   */\n  #trackBackfillMetadata(sql: PostgresTransaction, change: SchemaChange) {\n    return cookieOps(change).flatMap(op => this.#cookieStmts(sql, op));\n  }\n\n  #cookieStmts(sql: PostgresTransaction, op: CookieOp): PendingQuery<Row[]>[] {\n    switch (op.op) {\n      case 'upsert-metadata':\n        return [this.#upsertTableMetadataStmt(sql, op.table, op.metadata)];\n\n      case 'upsert-backfill':\n        return [\n          this.#upsertColumnBackfillStmt(sql, op.table, op.column, op.backfill),\n        ];\n\n      case 'rename-table': {\n        const {old} = op;\n        const row = {schema: op.new.schema, table: op.new.name};\n        return [\n          sql`UPDATE ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')} SET ${sql(row)}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${old.schema} AND \"table\" = ${old.name}`,\n          sql`UPDATE ${this.#cdc('backfilling')} SET ${sql(row)}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${old.schema} AND \"table\" = ${old.name}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      case 'drop-table': {\n        const {schema, name} = op.table;\n        return [\n          sql`DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${name}`,\n          sql`DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${name}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      case 'rename-column': {\n        const {schema, name: table} = op.table;\n        return [\n          sql`UPDATE ${this.#cdc('backfilling')} SET \"column\" = ${op.new}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${table} AND \"column\" = ${op.old}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      case 'drop-column': {\n        const {schema, name} = op.table;\n        return [\n          sql`DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${name} AND \"column\" = ${op.column}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      case 'complete-backfill': {\n        const {schema, name: table} = op.table;\n        return [\n          sql`DELETE FROM ${this.#cdc('backfilling')}\n                WHERE \"schema\" = ${schema} AND \"table\" = ${table} AND \"column\" IN ${sql([...op.columns])}`,\n        ];\n      }\n\n      default:\n        unreachable(op);\n    }\n  }\n\n  #upsertTableMetadataStmt(\n    sql: PostgresTransaction,\n    {schema, name: table}: Identifier,\n    metadata: TableMetadata,\n  ) {\n    const row: TableMetadataRow = {schema, table, metadata};\n    return sql`\n        INSERT INTO ${this.#cdc('tableMetadata')} ${sql(row)}\n          ON CONFLICT (\"schema\", \"table\")\n          DO UPDATE SET ${sql(row)};\n    `;\n  }\n\n  #upsertColumnBackfillStmt(\n    sql: PostgresTransaction,\n    {schema, name: table}: Identifier,\n    column: string,\n    backfill: BackfillID,\n  ) {\n    const row: BackfillingColumn = {schema, table, column, backfill};\n    return sql`\n        INSERT INTO ${this.#cdc('backfilling')} ${sql(row)}\n          ON CONFLICT (\"schema\", \"table\", \"column\")\n          DO UPDATE SET ${sql(row)};\n    `;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Waits until all currently queued entries have been processed.\n   * This is only used in tests.\n   */\n  async allProcessed() {\n    if (this.#running) {\n      const {promise, resolve} = resolver();\n      this.#queue.enqueue(['ready', resolve]);\n      await promise;\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Stops the storer and waits up to a drain timeout for entries to drain,\n   * throwing an exception if it doesn't drain in time, in order to abort\n   * the server when PG (or the connection to it) appears to be wedged.\n   */\n  async stop() {\n    if (this.#running) {\n      this.#progressMonitor.stop();\n      this.#lc.info?.(`draining ${this.#queue.size()} changeLog entries`);\n      this.abort(); // for cleanliness, abort any open transactions\n      this.#queue.enqueue('stop');\n    }\n    if (\n      (await orTimeout(this.#stopped, this.#drainTimeoutMs)) === 'timed-out'\n    ) {\n      throw new AbortError(\n        `changeLog did not drain within ${this.#drainTimeoutMs}ms`,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n}\n\nexport class PurgeLock {\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #tx: TransactionPool;\n  readonly replicaVersion: string;\n  readonly minWatermark: string;\n\n  constructor(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    tx: TransactionPool,\n    replicaVersion: string,\n    watermark: string,\n  ) {\n    this.#lc = lc;\n    this.#tx = tx;\n    this.replicaVersion = replicaVersion;\n    this.minWatermark = watermark;\n  }\n\n  #released = false;\n\n  async release() {\n    if (this.#released) {\n      return;\n    }\n    this.#released = true;\n    this.#tx.setDone();\n    await this.#tx\n      .done()\n      .catch(e => this.#lc.warn?.(`error from purge-lock release`, e));\n    this.#lc.info?.(`released purge lock on ${this.minWatermark}`);\n  }\n}\n\nexport class PurgeLocker {\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #shard: ShardID;\n  readonly #db: PostgresDB;\n\n  constructor(lc: LogContext, shard: ShardID, db: PostgresDB) {\n    this.#lc = lc.withContext('component', 'purge-locker');\n    this.#shard = shard;\n    this.#db = db;\n  }\n\n  // For readability in SQL statements.\n  #cdc(table: string) {\n    return this.#db(`${cdcSchema(this.#shard)}.${table}`);\n  }\n\n  async acquire() {\n    const tx = new TransactionPool(this.#lc, {mode: Mode.READ_COMMITTED}).run(\n      this.#db,\n    );\n    const row = await tx.processReadTask(\n      sql => sql<{watermark: string}[]>`\n      SELECT watermark FROM ${this.#cdc('changeLog')}\n        ORDER BY watermark, pos LIMIT 1\n        FOR SHARE \n    `,\n    );\n    if (row.length === 0) {\n      this.#lc.info?.(`changeLog is empty. No rows to purge-lock.`);\n      tx.setDone();\n      await tx.done();\n      return null;\n    }\n    const [{watermark}] = row;\n    const [{replicaVersion}] = await tx.processReadTask(\n      sql => sql<{replicaVersion: string}[]>`\n        SELECT \"replicaVersion\" FROM ${this.#cdc('replicationConfig')}\n      `,\n    );\n    this.#lc.info?.(\n      `locked watermark ${watermark} from being purged from replica@${replicaVersion}`,\n    );\n    return new PurgeLock(this.#lc, tx, replicaVersion, watermark);\n  }\n}\n\n// A TaskKey, keyed by identity, representing an db task monitored by the\n// ProgressMonitor. The contents are stringified in error messages if the\n// task fails to make progress for more than a failure threshold interval.\ntype TaskKey = JSONObject;\n\ntype TaskDoneFn = () => void;\n\n/**\n * Periodic monitor for detecting the pathological condition in which a db\n * query hangs forever because of a connection problem, such as a half-closed\n * socket.\n *\n * Use this for db calls that recur or accumulate progress within a single\n * logical operation on the main storer loop (e.g. the queue-processing loop,\n * or a multi-batch catchup read), where \"no progress for N ms\" is the\n * meaningful signal. For a one-off db call -- including ones made before\n * {@link Storer.run} starts this monitor's polling -- use a plain timeout\n * (see `Storer.#withTimeout`) instead.\n *\n * The failure handler should stop the server. The ProgressMonitor will\n * assume this and stop itself after calling it.\n *\n * Internal to the Storer, but exported for testing.\n */\nexport class ProgressMonitor {\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #failureThresholdMs;\n  readonly #onFailure: (err: Error) => void;\n  readonly #taskUpdates = new Map<TaskKey, Date>();\n\n  #timer: NodeJS.Timeout | undefined;\n\n  constructor(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    failureThresholdMs: number,\n    onFailure: (err: Error) => void,\n  ) {\n    this.#lc = lc.withContext('component', 'storer-progress-monitor');\n    this.#failureThresholdMs = failureThresholdMs;\n    this.#onFailure = onFailure;\n  }\n\n  start() {\n    clearInterval(this.#timer);\n    this.#timer = setInterval(\n      () => this.checkTaskProgress(new Date()),\n      this.#failureThresholdMs,\n    ).unref();\n  }\n\n  // Called by an internal periodic timer, but exported for testing.\n  checkTaskProgress(now: Date) {\n    for (const [task, lastUpdate] of this.#taskUpdates.entries()) {\n      if (now.getTime() - lastUpdate.getTime() >= this.#failureThresholdMs) {\n        this.#lc.error?.(\n          `Last task update was more than ${this.#failureThresholdMs}ms ago`,\n          {task, lastUpdate},\n        );\n        this.#onFailure(\n          new Error(\n            `Task failed to progress for over ${this.#failureThresholdMs}ms: ${BigIntJSON.stringify(task)}`,\n          ),\n        );\n        this.stop();\n        return;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Starts a task to be tracked.\n   *\n   * @return a callback to invoke when the task is done.\n   */\n  trackTask(task: TaskKey, now = new Date()): TaskDoneFn {\n    this.#taskUpdates.set(task, now);\n    return () => {\n      this.#taskUpdates.delete(task);\n    };\n  }\n\n  stop() {\n    clearInterval(this.#timer);\n    this.#taskUpdates.clear();\n  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package/out/zero-cache/src/services/litestream/litestream-checkpointer.js

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import { AbortError } from "../../../../shared/src/abort-error.js";
 import { RunningState } from "../running-state.js";
 //#region ../zero-cache/src/services/litestream/litestream-checkpointer.ts
-var LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS = 1e4;
+var SOFT_CHECKPOINT_WAIT_MS = 1e4;
+var LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS = 5 * 6e4;
 var PAUSE_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 1e3;
 var PAUSE_LOG_INTERVAL_POLLS = 30;
 /**
@@ -13,11 +14,17 @@ var PAUSE_LOG_INTERVAL_POLLS = 30;
 *  - Soft (`checkpointThresholdPages`): after each committed transaction,
 *    once the un-checkpointed WAL backlog reaches the threshold, force an
 *    immediate litestream sync (which seals the WAL to LTX and attempts
-*    litestream's own PASSIVE checkpoint). Non-blocking beyond the sync call
-*    itself. Backs off by a full threshold's worth of WAL growth whenever an
-*    attempt fails to drain the WAL (e.g. litestream is mid-snapshot and its
-*    checkpoints are being skipped), so repeated failures don't reattempt on
-*    every commit.
+*    litestream's own PASSIVE checkpoint) and block the write path until it
+*    completes, but only up to {@link SOFT_CHECKPOINT_WAIT_MS}. Waiting is the
+*    backpressure: it throttles upstream reads to litestream's WAL-seal rate
+*    and, in the common case, gives litestream a window to checkpoint without
+*    writer interference. A single sync is kept in flight at a time
+*    (`#pendingSync`): if one is still running when the budget elapses, the
+*    writer proceeds and the next commit waits for that sync rather than
+*    issuing (and orphaning) another. Backs off by a full threshold's worth of
+*    WAL growth whenever an attempt fails to drain the WAL (e.g. litestream
+*    is mid-snapshot and its checkpoints are being skipped), so repeated
+*    failures don't reattempt on every commit.
 *  - Hard (`walMaxPages`, optional): if the WAL still exceeds this cap after
 *    a soft attempt, pause (block the caller) polling litestream until the
 *    WAL drains below it. This is the fail-safe against unbounded WAL growth
@@ -33,6 +40,7 @@ var LitestreamCheckpointer = class {
 	#maxWalPages;
 	#state = new RunningState("litestream-checkpointer");
 	#nextWalThreshold;
+	#pendingSync;
 	constructor(lc, db, litestream, config) {
 		this.#lc = lc.withContext("litestream-checkpointer");
 		this.#db = db;
@@ -55,26 +63,47 @@ var LitestreamCheckpointer = class {
 	* that litestream's (disabled) truncate-page-n would have served.
 	*/
 	async maybeCheckpoint() {
-		const walPages = this.#getNumWalPages();
+		let walPages = this.#getNumWalPages();
 		if (walPages < this.#nextWalThreshold) return;
+		this.#pendingSync ??= this.#sync(walPages);
+		await this.#waitFor(this.#pendingSync, SOFT_CHECKPOINT_WAIT_MS);
+		walPages = this.#getNumWalPages();
+		if (this.#maxWalPages !== void 0 && walPages > this.#maxWalPages) walPages = await this.#pauseUntilWalDrained(this.#maxWalPages);
+		this.#nextWalThreshold = walPages + this.#attemptChunk;
+	}
+	async #waitFor(p, timeoutMs) {
+		if (await Promise.race([p, this.#state.sleep(timeoutMs).then(() => "timed-out")]) === "timed-out") this.#lc.warn?.(`timed out waiting for /sync result (${timeoutMs}ms)`);
+	}
+	/**
+	* Runs a single litestream sync, logs its outcome, and clears
+	* {@link #pendingSync} when it settles. Never rejects: sync failures and
+	* post-sync bookkeeping errors (e.g. the db being closed during shutdown)
+	* are caught and logged, so the shared promise can be awaited from multiple
+	* places without risking an unhandled rejection.
+	*/
+	async #sync(walPagesBefore) {
 		const start = performance.now();
 		let result;
 		let err;
 		try {
-			result = await this.#litestream.sync({
-				wait: false,
-				timeoutMs: LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS
-			}, this.#state.signal);
+			try {
+				result = await this.#litestream.sync({
+					wait: false,
+					timeoutMs: LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS
+				}, this.#state.signal);
+			} catch (e) {
+				err = e;
+			}
+			const elapsed = performance.now() - start;
+			const newWalPages = this.#getNumWalPages();
+			if (newWalPages < this.#nextWalThreshold) this.#lc.info?.(`checkpointed ${walPagesBefore} -> ${newWalPages} wal pages (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`, result);
+			else if (result) this.#lc.warn?.(`checkpoint skipped ${walPagesBefore} -> ${newWalPages}. a snapshot may be in progress (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`, result);
+			else this.#lc.warn?.(`checkpoint failed ${walPagesBefore} -> ${newWalPages} (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`, err);
 		} catch (e) {
-			err = e;
+			this.#lc.warn?.("litestream-checkpointer sync post-processing failed", e);
+		} finally {
+			this.#pendingSync = void 0;
 		}
-		const elapsed = performance.now() - start;
-		let newWalPages = this.#getNumWalPages();
-		if (newWalPages < this.#nextWalThreshold) this.#lc.info?.(`checkpointed ${walPages} -> ${newWalPages} wal pages (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`, result);
-		else if (result) this.#lc.warn?.(`checkpoint skipped ${walPages} -> ${newWalPages}. a snapshot may be in progress (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`, result);
-		else this.#lc.warn?.(`checkpoint failed ${walPages} -> ${newWalPages} (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`, err);
-		if (this.#maxWalPages !== void 0 && newWalPages > this.#maxWalPages) newWalPages = await this.#pauseUntilWalDrained(this.#maxWalPages);
-		this.#nextWalThreshold = newWalPages + this.#attemptChunk;
 	}
 	async #pauseUntilWalDrained(maxWalPages) {
 		for (let i = 0; this.#state.shouldRun(); i++) {
@@ -85,10 +114,8 @@ var LitestreamCheckpointer = class {
 			}
 			if (i % PAUSE_LOG_INTERVAL_POLLS === 0) this.#lc.warn?.(`waiting for litestream to successfully checkpoint ${walPages} wal pages`);
 			await this.#state.sleep(PAUSE_POLL_INTERVAL_MS);
-			await this.#litestream.sync({
-				wait: false,
-				timeoutMs: LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS
-			}, this.#state.signal).catch((e) => this.#lc.warn?.(`litestream /sync failed`, e));
+			this.#pendingSync ??= this.#sync(this.#getNumWalPages());
+			await this.#pendingSync;
 		}
 		throw new AbortError("litestream-controller stopped");
 	}

package/out/zero-cache/src/services/litestream/litestream-checkpointer.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"litestream-checkpointer.js","names":["#lc","#db","#litestream","#attemptChunk","#maxWalPages","#state","#nextWalThreshold","#getNumWalPages","#pauseUntilWalDrained"],"sources":["../../../../../../zero-cache/src/services/litestream/litestream-checkpointer.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import type {LogContext} from '@rocicorp/logger';\nimport {AbortError} from '../../../../shared/src/abort-error.ts';\nimport type {Database} from '../../../../zqlite/src/db.ts';\nimport type {ForceCheckpointConfig} from '../replicator/write-worker-client.ts';\nimport {RunningState} from '../running-state.ts';\nimport type {\n  LitestreamController,\n  SyncResponse,\n} from './litestream-controller.ts';\n\nconst LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000;\nconst PAUSE_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 1_000;\nconst PAUSE_LOG_INTERVAL_POLLS = 30;\n\n/**\n * Forces litestream to checkpoint the WAL from the write path, so a sustained\n * high write rate can't grow the WAL until litestream's own blocking TRUNCATE\n * checkpoint locks the db (see ReplicationPauseCheckpointConfig).\n *\n * Two tiers:\n *  - Soft (`checkpointThresholdPages`): after each committed transaction,\n *    once the un-checkpointed WAL backlog reaches the threshold, force an\n *    immediate litestream sync (which seals the WAL to LTX and attempts\n *    litestream's own PASSIVE checkpoint). Non-blocking beyond the sync call\n *    itself. Backs off by a full threshold's worth of WAL growth whenever an\n *    attempt fails to drain the WAL (e.g. litestream is mid-snapshot and its\n *    checkpoints are being skipped), so repeated failures don't reattempt on\n *    every commit.\n *  - Hard (`walMaxPages`, optional): if the WAL still exceeds this cap after\n *    a soft attempt, pause (block the caller) polling litestream until the\n *    WAL drains below it. This is the fail-safe against unbounded WAL growth\n *    when litestream structurally cannot checkpoint — e.g. an in-progress\n *    snapshot holds litestream's checkpoint lock for its full duration, so\n *    neither PASSIVE nor TRUNCATE checkpoints can run until it completes.\n */\nexport class LitestreamCheckpointer {\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #db: Database;\n  readonly #litestream: LitestreamController;\n  readonly #attemptChunk: number;\n  readonly #maxWalPages: number | undefined;\n  readonly #state = new RunningState('litestream-checkpointer');\n  #nextWalThreshold: number;\n\n  constructor(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    db: Database,\n    litestream: LitestreamController,\n    config: ForceCheckpointConfig,\n  ) {\n    this.#lc = lc.withContext('litestream-checkpointer');\n    this.#db = db;\n    this.#litestream = litestream;\n    this.#attemptChunk = config.checkpointThresholdPages;\n    this.#nextWalThreshold = config.checkpointThresholdPages;\n    this.#maxWalPages = config.maxWalPages;\n  }\n\n  #getNumWalPages(): number {\n    // wal_checkpoint(NOOP) reads WAL status without doing any work: `log` is\n    // the current WAL frame count and `checkpointed` is how many of those\n    // frames are already applied to the main db, so `log - checkpointed` is\n    // the un-checkpointed backlog that a forced sync would actually drain.\n    // (Both reset once litestream restarts the WAL.)\n    const [{log, checkpointed}] = this.#db.pragma<{\n      log: number;\n      checkpointed: number;\n    }>('wal_checkpoint(NOOP)');\n    return log - checkpointed;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Call after a committed transaction. No-ops unless the WAL has grown to\n   * at least the current threshold, in which case it triggers a litestream\n   * sync to perform a checkpoint. Assuming that snapshots are disabled, the\n   * checkpoint always succeeds. In the case where the server is configured to\n   * perform snapshots and checkpoints fail, the \"emergency break\"\n   * {@link #pauseUntilWalDrained()} option provides the disk use protection\n   * that litestream's (disabled) truncate-page-n would have served.\n   */\n  async maybeCheckpoint(): Promise<void> {\n    const walPages = this.#getNumWalPages();\n    if (walPages < this.#nextWalThreshold) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const start = performance.now();\n    let result: SyncResponse | undefined;\n    let err: unknown;\n    try {\n      result = await this.#litestream.sync(\n        {\n          wait: false,\n          timeoutMs: LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS,\n        },\n        this.#state.signal,\n      );\n    } catch (e) {\n      err = e;\n    }\n\n    const elapsed = performance.now() - start;\n    let newWalPages = this.#getNumWalPages();\n    if (newWalPages < this.#nextWalThreshold) {\n      this.#lc.info?.(\n        `checkpointed ${walPages} -> ${newWalPages} wal pages (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`,\n        result,\n      );\n    } else if (result) {\n      this.#lc.warn?.(\n        `checkpoint skipped ${walPages} -> ${newWalPages}. a snapshot may be in progress (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`,\n        result,\n      );\n    } else {\n      this.#lc.warn?.(\n        `checkpoint failed ${walPages} -> ${newWalPages} (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`,\n        err,\n      );\n    }\n\n    if (this.#maxWalPages !== undefined && newWalPages > this.#maxWalPages) {\n      // Emergency brake when best-effort checkpoints are being skipped\n      // (i.e. during a snapshot) and the WAL is approaching disk capacity.\n      // Pausing replication is favorable to litestream's truncate-page-n\n      // because the latter involves re-encoding the database under the lock\n      // (https://github.com/benbjohnson/litestream/issues/1332), which would\n      // incur the full latency of an additional snapshot.\n      newWalPages = await this.#pauseUntilWalDrained(this.#maxWalPages);\n    }\n\n    // In the common case where checkpoints are successful, this is always\n    // just `attemptChunk`. When a checkpoint doesn't drain the WAL (e.g.\n    // litestream is performing a snapshot), wait for another chunk of growth\n    // before the next attempt.\n    this.#nextWalThreshold = newWalPages + this.#attemptChunk;\n  }\n\n  async #pauseUntilWalDrained(maxWalPages: number): Promise<number> {\n    for (let i = 0; this.#state.shouldRun(); i++) {\n      const walPages = this.#getNumWalPages();\n      if (walPages < maxWalPages) {\n        this.#lc.info?.(\n          `wal size (${walPages} pages) is under the max limit of ${maxWalPages}`,\n        );\n        return walPages;\n      }\n\n      // Log every 30 seconds.\n      if (i % PAUSE_LOG_INTERVAL_POLLS === 0) {\n        this.#lc.warn?.(\n          `waiting for litestream to successfully checkpoint ${walPages} wal pages`,\n        );\n      }\n      await this.#state.sleep(PAUSE_POLL_INTERVAL_MS);\n      await this.#litestream\n        .sync(\n          {wait: false, timeoutMs: LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS},\n          this.#state.signal,\n        )\n        .catch(e => this.#lc.warn?.(`litestream /sync failed`, e));\n    }\n    throw new AbortError('litestream-controller stopped');\n  }\n\n  /** Releases the underlying litestream controller's connection. */\n  close(): void {\n    this.#litestream.close();\n    this.#state.stop(this.#lc);\n  }\n}\n"],"mappings":";;;AAUA,IAAM,6BAA6B;AACnC,IAAM,yBAAyB;AAC/B,IAAM,2BAA2B;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;AAuBjC,IAAa,yBAAb,MAAoC;CAClC;CACA;CACA;CACA;CACA;CACA,SAAkB,IAAI,aAAa,yBAAyB;CAC5D;CAEA,YACE,IACA,IACA,YACA,QACA;EACA,KAAKA,MAAM,GAAG,YAAY,yBAAyB;EACnD,KAAKC,MAAM;EACX,KAAKC,cAAc;EACnB,KAAKC,gBAAgB,OAAO;EAC5B,KAAKG,oBAAoB,OAAO;EAChC,KAAKF,eAAe,OAAO;CAC7B;CAEA,kBAA0B;EAMxB,MAAM,CAAC,EAAC,KAAK,kBAAiB,KAAKH,IAAI,OAGpC,sBAAsB;EACzB,OAAO,MAAM;CACf;;;;;;;;;;CAWA,MAAM,kBAAiC;EACrC,MAAM,WAAW,KAAKM,gBAAgB;EACtC,IAAI,WAAW,KAAKD,mBAClB;EAGF,MAAM,QAAQ,YAAY,IAAI;EAC9B,IAAI;EACJ,IAAI;EACJ,IAAI;GACF,SAAS,MAAM,KAAKJ,YAAY,KAC9B;IACE,MAAM;IACN,WAAW;GACb,GACA,KAAKG,OAAO,MACd;EACF,SAAS,GAAG;GACV,MAAM;EACR;EAEA,MAAM,UAAU,YAAY,IAAI,IAAI;EACpC,IAAI,cAAc,KAAKE,gBAAgB;EACvC,IAAI,cAAc,KAAKD,mBACrB,KAAKN,IAAI,OACP,gBAAgB,SAAS,MAAM,YAAY,cAAc,QAAQ,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,OAC5E,MACF;OACK,IAAI,QACT,KAAKA,IAAI,OACP,sBAAsB,SAAS,MAAM,YAAY,mCAAmC,QAAQ,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,OACvG,MACF;OAEA,KAAKA,IAAI,OACP,qBAAqB,SAAS,MAAM,YAAY,IAAI,QAAQ,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,OACvE,GACF;EAGF,IAAI,KAAKI,iBAAiB,KAAA,KAAa,cAAc,KAAKA,cAOxD,cAAc,MAAM,KAAKI,sBAAsB,KAAKJ,YAAY;EAOlE,KAAKE,oBAAoB,cAAc,KAAKH;CAC9C;CAEA,MAAMK,sBAAsB,aAAsC;EAChE,KAAK,IAAI,IAAI,GAAG,KAAKH,OAAO,UAAU,GAAG,KAAK;GAC5C,MAAM,WAAW,KAAKE,gBAAgB;GACtC,IAAI,WAAW,aAAa;IAC1B,KAAKP,IAAI,OACP,aAAa,SAAS,oCAAoC,aAC5D;IACA,OAAO;GACT;GAGA,IAAI,IAAI,6BAA6B,GACnC,KAAKA,IAAI,OACP,qDAAqD,SAAS,WAChE;GAEF,MAAM,KAAKK,OAAO,MAAM,sBAAsB;GAC9C,MAAM,KAAKH,YACR,KACC;IAAC,MAAM;IAAO,WAAW;GAA0B,GACnD,KAAKG,OAAO,MACd,EACC,OAAM,MAAK,KAAKL,IAAI,OAAO,2BAA2B,CAAC,CAAC;EAC7D;EACA,MAAM,IAAI,WAAW,+BAA+B;CACtD;;CAGA,QAAc;EACZ,KAAKE,YAAY,MAAM;EACvB,KAAKG,OAAO,KAAK,KAAKL,GAAG;CAC3B;AACF"}
+{"version":3,"file":"litestream-checkpointer.js","names":["#lc","#db","#litestream","#attemptChunk","#maxWalPages","#state","#nextWalThreshold","#getNumWalPages","#pendingSync","#sync","#waitFor","#pauseUntilWalDrained"],"sources":["../../../../../../zero-cache/src/services/litestream/litestream-checkpointer.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import type {LogContext} from '@rocicorp/logger';\nimport {AbortError} from '../../../../shared/src/abort-error.ts';\nimport type {Database} from '../../../../zqlite/src/db.ts';\nimport type {ForceCheckpointConfig} from '../replicator/write-worker-client.ts';\nimport {RunningState} from '../running-state.ts';\nimport type {\n  LitestreamController,\n  SyncResponse,\n} from './litestream-controller.ts';\n\n// How long the soft path blocks the write path waiting for an in-flight sync\n// before letting the writer proceed. This is a backpressure knob, *not* a\n// request timeout: letting it elapse leaves the sync running (see #pendingSync)\n// rather than abandoning it. In normal operation litestream seals + runs its\n// PASSIVE checkpoint well within this budget; a sync that regularly exceeds it\n// indicates a litestream-side problem to fix (e.g. unintended snapshot), not a\n// value to raise.\nexport const SOFT_CHECKPOINT_WAIT_MS = 10_000;\n// Liveness bound on the /sync request itself, well above the soft wait budget.\n// It exists only to recover from a genuinely wedged litestream (so #pendingSync\n// can't hang forever).\nconst LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS = 5 * 60_000;\nconst PAUSE_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 1_000;\nconst PAUSE_LOG_INTERVAL_POLLS = 30;\n\n/**\n * Forces litestream to checkpoint the WAL from the write path, so a sustained\n * high write rate can't grow the WAL until litestream's own blocking TRUNCATE\n * checkpoint locks the db (see ReplicationPauseCheckpointConfig).\n *\n * Two tiers:\n *  - Soft (`checkpointThresholdPages`): after each committed transaction,\n *    once the un-checkpointed WAL backlog reaches the threshold, force an\n *    immediate litestream sync (which seals the WAL to LTX and attempts\n *    litestream's own PASSIVE checkpoint) and block the write path until it\n *    completes, but only up to {@link SOFT_CHECKPOINT_WAIT_MS}. Waiting is the\n *    backpressure: it throttles upstream reads to litestream's WAL-seal rate\n *    and, in the common case, gives litestream a window to checkpoint without\n *    writer interference. A single sync is kept in flight at a time\n *    (`#pendingSync`): if one is still running when the budget elapses, the\n *    writer proceeds and the next commit waits for that sync rather than\n *    issuing (and orphaning) another. Backs off by a full threshold's worth of\n *    WAL growth whenever an attempt fails to drain the WAL (e.g. litestream\n *    is mid-snapshot and its checkpoints are being skipped), so repeated\n *    failures don't reattempt on every commit.\n *  - Hard (`walMaxPages`, optional): if the WAL still exceeds this cap after\n *    a soft attempt, pause (block the caller) polling litestream until the\n *    WAL drains below it. This is the fail-safe against unbounded WAL growth\n *    when litestream structurally cannot checkpoint — e.g. an in-progress\n *    snapshot holds litestream's checkpoint lock for its full duration, so\n *    neither PASSIVE nor TRUNCATE checkpoints can run until it completes.\n */\nexport class LitestreamCheckpointer {\n  readonly #lc: LogContext;\n  readonly #db: Database;\n  readonly #litestream: LitestreamController;\n  readonly #attemptChunk: number;\n  readonly #maxWalPages: number | undefined;\n  readonly #state = new RunningState('litestream-checkpointer');\n  #nextWalThreshold: number;\n  #pendingSync: Promise<void> | undefined;\n\n  constructor(\n    lc: LogContext,\n    db: Database,\n    litestream: LitestreamController,\n    config: ForceCheckpointConfig,\n  ) {\n    this.#lc = lc.withContext('litestream-checkpointer');\n    this.#db = db;\n    this.#litestream = litestream;\n    this.#attemptChunk = config.checkpointThresholdPages;\n    this.#nextWalThreshold = config.checkpointThresholdPages;\n    this.#maxWalPages = config.maxWalPages;\n  }\n\n  #getNumWalPages(): number {\n    // wal_checkpoint(NOOP) reads WAL status without doing any work: `log` is\n    // the current WAL frame count and `checkpointed` is how many of those\n    // frames are already applied to the main db, so `log - checkpointed` is\n    // the un-checkpointed backlog that a forced sync would actually drain.\n    // (Both reset once litestream restarts the WAL.)\n    const [{log, checkpointed}] = this.#db.pragma<{\n      log: number;\n      checkpointed: number;\n    }>('wal_checkpoint(NOOP)');\n    return log - checkpointed;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Call after a committed transaction. No-ops unless the WAL has grown to\n   * at least the current threshold, in which case it triggers a litestream\n   * sync to perform a checkpoint. Assuming that snapshots are disabled, the\n   * checkpoint always succeeds. In the case where the server is configured to\n   * perform snapshots and checkpoints fail, the \"emergency break\"\n   * {@link #pauseUntilWalDrained()} option provides the disk use protection\n   * that litestream's (disabled) truncate-page-n would have served.\n   */\n  async maybeCheckpoint(): Promise<void> {\n    let walPages = this.#getNumWalPages();\n    if (walPages < this.#nextWalThreshold) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    // Single-flight: reuse the outstanding sync if one is already running.\n    this.#pendingSync ??= this.#sync(walPages);\n\n    // Soft backpressure: block the write path until the sync completes, but no\n    // longer than the wait budget. Letting the budget elapse lets the writer\n    // proceed *without* cancelling the sync (it keeps running, tracked by\n    // #pendingSync); unbounded WAL growth is caught by the hard cap below.\n    await this.#waitFor(this.#pendingSync, SOFT_CHECKPOINT_WAIT_MS);\n\n    walPages = this.#getNumWalPages();\n    if (this.#maxWalPages !== undefined && walPages > this.#maxWalPages) {\n      // Emergency brake when best-effort checkpoints are being skipped\n      // (i.e. during a snapshot) and the WAL is approaching disk capacity.\n      // Pausing replication is favorable to litestream's truncate-page-n\n      // because the latter involves re-encoding the database under the lock\n      // (https://github.com/benbjohnson/litestream/issues/1332), which would\n      // incur the full latency of an additional snapshot.\n      walPages = await this.#pauseUntilWalDrained(this.#maxWalPages);\n    }\n\n    // In the common case where checkpoints are successful, this is always\n    // just `attemptChunk`. When a checkpoint doesn't drain the WAL (e.g.\n    // litestream is performing a snapshot), wait for another chunk of growth\n    // before the next attempt.\n    this.#nextWalThreshold = walPages + this.#attemptChunk;\n  }\n\n  async #waitFor(p: Promise<void>, timeoutMs: number): Promise<void> {\n    const result = await Promise.race([\n      p,\n      this.#state.sleep(timeoutMs).then(() => 'timed-out' as const),\n    ]);\n    if (result === 'timed-out') {\n      this.#lc.warn?.(`timed out waiting for /sync result (${timeoutMs}ms)`);\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Runs a single litestream sync, logs its outcome, and clears\n   * {@link #pendingSync} when it settles. Never rejects: sync failures and\n   * post-sync bookkeeping errors (e.g. the db being closed during shutdown)\n   * are caught and logged, so the shared promise can be awaited from multiple\n   * places without risking an unhandled rejection.\n   */\n  async #sync(walPagesBefore: number): Promise<void> {\n    const start = performance.now();\n    let result: SyncResponse | undefined;\n    let err: unknown;\n    try {\n      try {\n        result = await this.#litestream.sync(\n          {wait: false, timeoutMs: LITESTREAM_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS},\n          this.#state.signal,\n        );\n      } catch (e) {\n        err = e;\n      }\n\n      const elapsed = performance.now() - start;\n      const newWalPages = this.#getNumWalPages();\n      if (newWalPages < this.#nextWalThreshold) {\n        this.#lc.info?.(\n          `checkpointed ${walPagesBefore} -> ${newWalPages} wal pages (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`,\n          result,\n        );\n      } else if (result) {\n        this.#lc.warn?.(\n          `checkpoint skipped ${walPagesBefore} -> ${newWalPages}. a snapshot may be in progress (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`,\n          result,\n        );\n      } else {\n        this.#lc.warn?.(\n          `checkpoint failed ${walPagesBefore} -> ${newWalPages} (${elapsed.toFixed(2)} ms)`,\n          err,\n        );\n      }\n    } catch (e) {\n      this.#lc.warn?.('litestream-checkpointer sync post-processing failed', e);\n    } finally {\n      this.#pendingSync = undefined;\n    }\n  }\n\n  async #pauseUntilWalDrained(maxWalPages: number): Promise<number> {\n    for (let i = 0; this.#state.shouldRun(); i++) {\n      const walPages = this.#getNumWalPages();\n      if (walPages < maxWalPages) {\n        this.#lc.info?.(\n          `wal size (${walPages} pages) is under the max limit of ${maxWalPages}`,\n        );\n        return walPages;\n      }\n\n      // Log every 30 seconds.\n      if (i % PAUSE_LOG_INTERVAL_POLLS === 0) {\n        this.#lc.warn?.(\n          `waiting for litestream to successfully checkpoint ${walPages} wal pages`,\n        );\n      }\n      await this.#state.sleep(PAUSE_POLL_INTERVAL_MS);\n      // Single-flight: reuse the outstanding sync if one is already running.\n      this.#pendingSync ??= this.#sync(this.#getNumWalPages());\n      // await the full liveness timeout configured in #sync()\n      await this.#pendingSync;\n    }\n    throw new AbortError('litestream-controller stopped');\n  }\n\n  /** Releases the underlying litestream controller's connection. */\n  close(): void {\n    this.#litestream.close();\n    this.#state.stop(this.#lc);\n  }\n}\n"],"mappings":";;;AAiBA,IAAa,0BAA0B;AAIvC,IAAM,6BAA6B,IAAI;AACvC,IAAM,yBAAyB;AAC/B,IAAM,2BAA2B;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;AA6BjC,IAAa,yBAAb,MAAoC;CAClC;CACA;CACA;CACA;CACA;CACA,SAAkB,IAAI,aAAa,yBAAyB;CAC5D;CACA;CAEA,YACE,IACA,IACA,YACA,QACA;EACA,KAAKA,MAAM,GAAG,YAAY,yBAAyB;EACnD,KAAKC,MAAM;EACX,KAAKC,cAAc;EACnB,KAAKC,gBAAgB,OAAO;EAC5B,KAAKG,oBAAoB,OAAO;EAChC,KAAKF,eAAe,OAAO;CAC7B;CAEA,kBAA0B;EAMxB,MAAM,CAAC,EAAC,KAAK,kBAAiB,KAAKH,IAAI,OAGpC,sBAAsB;EACzB,OAAO,MAAM;CACf;;;;;;;;;;CAWA,MAAM,kBAAiC;EACrC,IAAI,WAAW,KAAKM,gBAAgB;EACpC,IAAI,WAAW,KAAKD,mBAClB;EAIF,KAAKE,iBAAiB,KAAKC,MAAM,QAAQ;EAMzC,MAAM,KAAKC,SAAS,KAAKF,cAAc,uBAAuB;EAE9D,WAAW,KAAKD,gBAAgB;EAChC,IAAI,KAAKH,iBAAiB,KAAA,KAAa,WAAW,KAAKA,cAOrD,WAAW,MAAM,KAAKO,sBAAsB,KAAKP,YAAY;EAO/D,KAAKE,oBAAoB,WAAW,KAAKH;CAC3C;CAEA,MAAMO,SAAS,GAAkB,WAAkC;EAKjE,IAAI,MAJiB,QAAQ,KAAK,CAChC,GACA,KAAKL,OAAO,MAAM,SAAS,EAAE,WAAW,WAAoB,CAC9D,CAAC,MACc,aACb,KAAKL,IAAI,OAAO,uCAAuC,UAAU,IAAI;CAEzE;;;;;;;;CASA,MAAMS,MAAM,gBAAuC;EACjD,MAAM,QAAQ,YAAY,IAAI;EAC9B,IAAI;EACJ,IAAI;EACJ,IAAI;GACF,IAAI;IACF,SAAS,MAAM,KAAKP,YAAY,KAC9B;KAAC,MAAM;KAAO,WAAW;IAA0B,GACnD,KAAKG,OAAO,MACd;GACF,SAAS,GAAG;IACV,MAAM;GACR;GAEA,MAAM,UAAU,YAAY,IAAI,IAAI;GACpC,MAAM,cAAc,KAAKE,gBAAgB;GACzC,IAAI,cAAc,KAAKD,mBACrB,KAAKN,IAAI,OACP,gBAAgB,eAAe,MAAM,YAAY,cAAc,QAAQ,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,OAClF,MACF;QACK,IAAI,QACT,KAAKA,IAAI,OACP,sBAAsB,eAAe,MAAM,YAAY,mCAAmC,QAAQ,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,OAC7G,MACF;QAEA,KAAKA,IAAI,OACP,qBAAqB,eAAe,MAAM,YAAY,IAAI,QAAQ,QAAQ,CAAC,EAAE,OAC7E,GACF;EAEJ,SAAS,GAAG;GACV,KAAKA,IAAI,OAAO,uDAAuD,CAAC;EAC1E,UAAU;GACR,KAAKQ,eAAe,KAAA;EACtB;CACF;CAEA,MAAMG,sBAAsB,aAAsC;EAChE,KAAK,IAAI,IAAI,GAAG,KAAKN,OAAO,UAAU,GAAG,KAAK;GAC5C,MAAM,WAAW,KAAKE,gBAAgB;GACtC,IAAI,WAAW,aAAa;IAC1B,KAAKP,IAAI,OACP,aAAa,SAAS,oCAAoC,aAC5D;IACA,OAAO;GACT;GAGA,IAAI,IAAI,6BAA6B,GACnC,KAAKA,IAAI,OACP,qDAAqD,SAAS,WAChE;GAEF,MAAM,KAAKK,OAAO,MAAM,sBAAsB;GAE9C,KAAKG,iBAAiB,KAAKC,MAAM,KAAKF,gBAAgB,CAAC;GAEvD,MAAM,KAAKC;EACb;EACA,MAAM,IAAI,WAAW,+BAA+B;CACtD;;CAGA,QAAc;EACZ,KAAKN,YAAY,MAAM;EACvB,KAAKG,OAAO,KAAK,KAAKL,GAAG;CAC3B;AACF"}

package/out/zero-cache/src/services/profz.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import type { LogContext } from '@rocicorp/logger';
+import type { FastifyReply, FastifyRequest } from 'fastify';
+import type { NormalizedZeroConfig } from '../config/normalize.ts';
+import { type Worker } from '../types/processes.ts';
+export declare function handleProfzRequest(lc: LogContext, config: Pick<NormalizedZeroConfig, 'adminPassword'>, req: FastifyRequest, res: FastifyReply, getWorker?: (() => Promise<Worker>) | undefined, forcedWorker?: string | undefined, localProcessName?: string): Promise<void>;
+export declare function handleProfrmzRequest(lc: LogContext, config: NormalizedZeroConfig, req: FastifyRequest, res: FastifyReply, getWorker?: (() => Promise<Worker>) | undefined): Promise<void>;
+//# sourceMappingURL=profz.d.ts.map

package/out/zero-cache/src/services/profz.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/out/zero-cache/src/services/profz.js

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import { sleep } from "../../../shared/src/sleep.js";
+import { singleProcessMode } from "../types/processes.js";
+import { isAdminPasswordValid } from "../config/zero-config.js";
+import { CpuProfiler } from "../types/profiler.js";
+import { URLParams } from "../types/url-params.js";
+import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+import auth from "basic-auth";
+//#region ../zero-cache/src/services/profz.ts
+async function handleProfzRequest(lc, config, req, res, getWorker, forcedWorker, localProcessName = "dispatcher") {
+	if (!isAdminPasswordValid(lc, config, auth(req)?.pass)) {
+		res.code(401).header("WWW-Authenticate", "Basic realm=\"Profz Protected Area\"").send("Unauthorized");
+		return;
+	}
+	const params = new URLParams(new URL(req.url, "http://localhost"));
+	const rawDuration = params.getInteger("duration", false) ?? params.getInteger("seconds", false) ?? 5;
+	const durationMs = Math.max(1, Math.min(60, rawDuration)) * 1e3;
+	const targetWorker = forcedWorker ?? params.get("worker", false) ?? void 0;
+	const targetWorkerIndex = params.getInteger("index", false) ?? void 0;
+	const id = randomUUID();
+	const responses = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
+	const localProfilePromise = singleProcessMode() || getWorker === void 0 || targetWorker === void 0 || targetWorker === localProcessName ? CpuProfiler.profile(durationMs).catch((err) => {
+		lc.warn?.("Failed to capture local CPU profile:", err);
+		return null;
+	}) : Promise.resolve(null);
+	if (!singleProcessMode() && getWorker !== void 0) try {
+		const worker = await getWorker();
+		const onMessage = (msg) => {
+			if (msg.id === id && msg.profile) responses.set(msg.name, msg.profile);
+			else if (msg.id === id && msg.error) lc.warn?.(`Worker ${msg.name} profile error: ${msg.error}`);
+		};
+		worker.onMessageType("profileResponse", onMessage);
+		worker.send(["profile", {
+			id,
+			durationMs,
+			worker: targetWorker === localProcessName ? "__none__" : targetWorker,
+			workerIndex: targetWorkerIndex
+		}]);
+		await sleep(durationMs + 500);
+	} catch (err) {
+		lc.warn?.("Failed to dispatch profile request to child workers:", err);
+	}
+	const localProfile = await localProfilePromise;
+	if (localProfile) {
+		const localName = targetWorker ?? (singleProcessMode() ? "zero-cache" : localProcessName);
+		responses.set(localName, localProfile);
+	}
+	if (targetWorker !== void 0 && targetWorker !== "all") {
+		let matchedProfile = responses.get(targetWorker);
+		if (!matchedProfile) {
+			for (const [name, prof] of responses.entries()) if (name === targetWorker || name.startsWith(`${targetWorker}-`)) {
+				matchedProfile = prof;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (matchedProfile) {
+			res.header("Content-Type", "application/json").header("Content-Disposition", `attachment; filename="${targetWorker}.cpuprofile"`).send(matchedProfile);
+			return;
+		}
+		res.code(404).send({ error: `No profile captured for worker "${targetWorker}". Available: ${[...responses.keys()].join(", ")}` });
+		return;
+	}
+	const bundle = {};
+	for (const [name, prof] of responses.entries()) bundle[name] = prof;
+	res.header("Content-Type", "application/json").header("Content-Disposition", `attachment; filename="zero-profile-bundle-${Date.now()}.json"`).send(bundle);
+}
+async function handleProfrmzRequest(lc, config, req, res, getWorker) {
+	if (!isAdminPasswordValid(lc, config, auth(req)?.pass)) {
+		res.code(401).header("WWW-Authenticate", "Basic realm=\"Profrmz Protected Area\"").send("Unauthorized");
+		return;
+	}
+	if (config.changeStreamer.uri) {
+		const upstreamURL = new URL("/profz", config.changeStreamer.uri);
+		const incomingURL = new URL(req.url, "http://localhost");
+		for (const [key, value] of incomingURL.searchParams.entries()) upstreamURL.searchParams.set(key, value);
+		try {
+			const headers = {};
+			if (req.headers.authorization) headers.authorization = req.headers.authorization;
+			const response = await fetch(upstreamURL.toString(), {
+				method: "GET",
+				headers
+			});
+			res.code(response.status);
+			const contentType = response.headers.get("content-type");
+			if (contentType) res.header("content-type", contentType);
+			const contentDisposition = response.headers.get("content-disposition");
+			if (contentDisposition) res.header("content-disposition", contentDisposition);
+			const body = await response.text();
+			return res.send(body);
+		} catch (err) {
+			lc.error?.(`Failed to proxy /profrmz to RM at ${upstreamURL}:`, err);
+			return res.code(502).send({ error: `Failed to proxy profiling request to RM at ${upstreamURL}: ${String(err)}` });
+		}
+	}
+	return handleProfzRequest(lc, config, req, res, getWorker, "change-streamer");
+}
+//#endregion
+export { handleProfrmzRequest, handleProfzRequest };
+
+//# sourceMappingURL=profz.js.map