@revizly/sharp 0.33.2-revizly13

package/src/common.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,1090 @@
+// Copyright 2013 Lovell Fuller and others.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <string>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <vector>
+#include <queue>
+#include <map>
+#include <mutex>  // NOLINT(build/c++11)
+
+#include <napi.h>
+#include <vips/vips8>
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+using vips::VImage;
+
+namespace sharp {
+
+  // Convenience methods to access the attributes of a Napi::Object
+  bool HasAttr(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    return obj.Has(attr);
+  }
+  std::string AttrAsStr(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::String>();
+  }
+  std::string AttrAsStr(Napi::Object obj, unsigned int const attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::String>();
+  }
+  uint32_t AttrAsUint32(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Number>().Uint32Value();
+  }
+  int32_t AttrAsInt32(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value();
+  }
+  int32_t AttrAsInt32(Napi::Object obj, unsigned int const attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Number>().Int32Value();
+  }
+  int64_t AttrAsInt64(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Number>().Int64Value();
+  }
+  double AttrAsDouble(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Number>().DoubleValue();
+  }
+  double AttrAsDouble(Napi::Object obj, unsigned int const attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Number>().DoubleValue();
+  }
+  bool AttrAsBool(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    return obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Boolean>().Value();
+  }
+  std::vector<double> AttrAsVectorOfDouble(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    Napi::Array napiArray = obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Array>();
+    std::vector<double> vectorOfDouble(napiArray.Length());
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < napiArray.Length(); i++) {
+      vectorOfDouble[i] = AttrAsDouble(napiArray, i);
+    }
+    return vectorOfDouble;
+  }
+  std::vector<int32_t> AttrAsInt32Vector(Napi::Object obj, std::string attr) {
+    Napi::Array array = obj.Get(attr).As<Napi::Array>();
+    std::vector<int32_t> vector(array.Length());
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < array.Length(); i++) {
+      vector[i] = AttrAsInt32(array, i);
+    }
+    return vector;
+  }
+
+  // Create an InputDescriptor instance from a Napi::Object describing an input image
+  InputDescriptor* CreateInputDescriptor(Napi::Object input) {
+    InputDescriptor *descriptor = new InputDescriptor;
+    if (HasAttr(input, "file")) {
+      descriptor->file = AttrAsStr(input, "file");
+    } else if (HasAttr(input, "buffer")) {
+      Napi::Buffer<char> buffer = input.Get("buffer").As<Napi::Buffer<char>>();
+      descriptor->bufferLength = buffer.Length();
+      descriptor->buffer = buffer.Data();
+      descriptor->isBuffer = TRUE;
+    }
+    descriptor->failOn = AttrAsEnum<VipsFailOn>(input, "failOn", VIPS_TYPE_FAIL_ON);
+    // Density for vector-based input
+    if (HasAttr(input, "density")) {
+      descriptor->density = AttrAsDouble(input, "density");
+    }
+    // Should we ignore any embedded ICC profile
+    if (HasAttr(input, "ignoreIcc")) {
+      descriptor->ignoreIcc = AttrAsBool(input, "ignoreIcc");
+    }
+    // Raw pixel input
+    if (HasAttr(input, "rawChannels")) {
+      descriptor->rawDepth = AttrAsEnum<VipsBandFormat>(input, "rawDepth", VIPS_TYPE_BAND_FORMAT);
+      descriptor->rawChannels = AttrAsUint32(input, "rawChannels");
+      descriptor->rawWidth = AttrAsUint32(input, "rawWidth");
+      descriptor->rawHeight = AttrAsUint32(input, "rawHeight");
+      descriptor->rawPremultiplied = AttrAsBool(input, "rawPremultiplied");
+    }
+    // Multi-page input (GIF, TIFF, PDF)
+    if (HasAttr(input, "pages")) {
+      descriptor->pages = AttrAsInt32(input, "pages");
+    }
+    if (HasAttr(input, "page")) {
+      descriptor->page = AttrAsUint32(input, "page");
+    }
+    // Multi-level input (OpenSlide)
+    if (HasAttr(input, "level")) {
+      descriptor->level = AttrAsUint32(input, "level");
+    }
+    // subIFD (OME-TIFF)
+    if (HasAttr(input, "subifd")) {
+      descriptor->subifd = AttrAsInt32(input, "subifd");
+    }
+    // Create new image
+    if (HasAttr(input, "createChannels")) {
+      descriptor->createChannels = AttrAsUint32(input, "createChannels");
+      descriptor->createWidth = AttrAsUint32(input, "createWidth");
+      descriptor->createHeight = AttrAsUint32(input, "createHeight");
+      if (HasAttr(input, "createNoiseType")) {
+        descriptor->createNoiseType = AttrAsStr(input, "createNoiseType");
+        descriptor->createNoiseMean = AttrAsDouble(input, "createNoiseMean");
+        descriptor->createNoiseSigma = AttrAsDouble(input, "createNoiseSigma");
+      } else {
+        descriptor->createBackground = AttrAsVectorOfDouble(input, "createBackground");
+      }
+    }
+    // Create new image with text
+    if (HasAttr(input, "textValue")) {
+      descriptor->textValue = AttrAsStr(input, "textValue");
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textFont")) {
+        descriptor->textFont = AttrAsStr(input, "textFont");
+      }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textFontfile")) {
+        descriptor->textFontfile = AttrAsStr(input, "textFontfile");
+      }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textWidth")) {
+        descriptor->textWidth = AttrAsUint32(input, "textWidth");
+      }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textHeight")) {
+        descriptor->textHeight = AttrAsUint32(input, "textHeight");
+      }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textAlign")) {
+        descriptor->textAlign = AttrAsEnum<VipsAlign>(input, "textAlign", VIPS_TYPE_ALIGN);
+      }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textJustify")) {
+        descriptor->textJustify = AttrAsBool(input, "textJustify");
+      }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textDpi")) {
+        descriptor->textDpi = AttrAsUint32(input, "textDpi");
+      }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textRgba")) {
+        descriptor->textRgba = AttrAsBool(input, "textRgba");
+      }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textSpacing")) {
+        descriptor->textSpacing = AttrAsUint32(input, "textSpacing");
+      }
+      if (HasAttr(input, "textWrap")) {
+        descriptor->textWrap = AttrAsEnum<VipsTextWrap>(input, "textWrap", VIPS_TYPE_TEXT_WRAP);
+      }
+    }
+    // Limit input images to a given number of pixels, where pixels = width * height
+    descriptor->limitInputPixels = static_cast<uint64_t>(AttrAsInt64(input, "limitInputPixels"));
+    // Allow switch from random to sequential access
+    descriptor->access = AttrAsBool(input, "sequentialRead") ? VIPS_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL : VIPS_ACCESS_RANDOM;
+    // Remove safety features and allow unlimited input
+    descriptor->unlimited = AttrAsBool(input, "unlimited");
+    return descriptor;
+  }
+
+  // How many tasks are in the queue?
+  std::atomic<int> counterQueue{0};
+
+  // How many tasks are being processed?
+  std::atomic<int> counterProcess{0};
+
+  // Filename extension checkers
+  static bool EndsWith(std::string const &str, std::string const &end) {
+    return str.length() >= end.length() && 0 == str.compare(str.length() - end.length(), end.length(), end);
+  }
+  bool IsJpeg(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".jpg") || EndsWith(str, ".jpeg") || EndsWith(str, ".JPG") || EndsWith(str, ".JPEG");
+  }
+  bool IsPng(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".png") || EndsWith(str, ".PNG");
+  }
+  bool IsWebp(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".webp") || EndsWith(str, ".WEBP");
+  }
+  bool IsGif(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".gif") || EndsWith(str, ".GIF");
+  }
+  bool IsJp2(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".jp2") || EndsWith(str, ".jpx") || EndsWith(str, ".j2k") || EndsWith(str, ".j2c")
+      || EndsWith(str, ".JP2") || EndsWith(str, ".JPX") || EndsWith(str, ".J2K") || EndsWith(str, ".J2C");
+  }
+  bool IsTiff(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".tif") || EndsWith(str, ".tiff") || EndsWith(str, ".TIF") || EndsWith(str, ".TIFF");
+  }
+  bool IsHeic(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".heic") || EndsWith(str, ".HEIC");
+  }
+  bool IsHeif(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".heif") || EndsWith(str, ".HEIF") || IsHeic(str) || IsAvif(str);
+  }
+  bool IsAvif(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".avif") || EndsWith(str, ".AVIF");
+  }
+  bool IsJxl(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".jxl") || EndsWith(str, ".JXL");
+  }
+  bool IsDz(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".dzi") || EndsWith(str, ".DZI");
+  }
+  bool IsDzZip(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".zip") || EndsWith(str, ".ZIP") || EndsWith(str, ".szi") || EndsWith(str, ".SZI");
+  }
+  bool IsV(std::string const &str) {
+    return EndsWith(str, ".v") || EndsWith(str, ".V") || EndsWith(str, ".vips") || EndsWith(str, ".VIPS");
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Trim space from end of string.
+  */
+  std::string TrimEnd(std::string const &str) {
+    return str.substr(0, str.find_last_not_of(" \n\r\f") + 1);
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Provide a string identifier for the given image type.
+  */
+  std::string ImageTypeId(ImageType const imageType) {
+    std::string id;
+    switch (imageType) {
+      case ImageType::JPEG: id = "jpeg"; break;
+      case ImageType::PNG: id = "png"; break;
+      case ImageType::WEBP: id = "webp"; break;
+      case ImageType::TIFF: id = "tiff"; break;
+      case ImageType::GIF: id = "gif"; break;
+      case ImageType::JP2: id = "jp2"; break;
+      case ImageType::SVG: id = "svg"; break;
+      case ImageType::HEIF: id = "heif"; break;
+      case ImageType::PDF: id = "pdf"; break;
+      case ImageType::MAGICK: id = "magick"; break;
+      case ImageType::OPENSLIDE: id = "openslide"; break;
+      case ImageType::PPM: id = "ppm"; break;
+      case ImageType::FITS: id = "fits"; break;
+      case ImageType::EXR: id = "exr"; break;
+      case ImageType::JXL: id = "jxl"; break;
+      case ImageType::VIPS: id = "vips"; break;
+      case ImageType::RAW: id = "raw"; break;
+      case ImageType::UNKNOWN: id = "unknown"; break;
+      case ImageType::MISSING: id = "missing"; break;
+    }
+    return id;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Regenerate this table with something like:
+   *
+   * $ vips -l foreign | grep -i load | awk '{ print $2, $1; }'
+   *
+   * Plus a bit of editing.
+   */
+  std::map<std::string, ImageType> loaderToType = {
+    { "VipsForeignLoadJpegFile", ImageType::JPEG },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadJpegBuffer", ImageType::JPEG },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadPngFile", ImageType::PNG },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadPngBuffer", ImageType::PNG },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadWebpFile", ImageType::WEBP },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadWebpBuffer", ImageType::WEBP },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadTiffFile", ImageType::TIFF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadTiffBuffer", ImageType::TIFF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadGifFile", ImageType::GIF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadGifBuffer", ImageType::GIF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadNsgifFile", ImageType::GIF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadNsgifBuffer", ImageType::GIF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadJp2kBuffer", ImageType::JP2 },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadJp2kFile", ImageType::JP2 },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadSvgFile", ImageType::SVG },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadSvgBuffer", ImageType::SVG },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadHeifFile", ImageType::HEIF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadHeifBuffer", ImageType::HEIF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadPdfFile", ImageType::PDF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadPdfBuffer", ImageType::PDF },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadMagickFile", ImageType::MAGICK },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadMagickBuffer", ImageType::MAGICK },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadMagick7File", ImageType::MAGICK },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadMagick7Buffer", ImageType::MAGICK },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadOpenslideFile", ImageType::OPENSLIDE },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadPpmFile", ImageType::PPM },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadFitsFile", ImageType::FITS },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadOpenexr", ImageType::EXR },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadJxlFile", ImageType::JXL },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadJxlBuffer", ImageType::JXL },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadVips", ImageType::VIPS },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadVipsFile", ImageType::VIPS },
+    { "VipsForeignLoadRaw", ImageType::RAW }
+  };
+
+  /*
+    Determine image format of a buffer.
+  */
+  ImageType DetermineImageType(void *buffer, size_t const length) {
+    ImageType imageType = ImageType::UNKNOWN;
+    char const *load = vips_foreign_find_load_buffer(buffer, length);
+    if (load != nullptr) {
+      auto it = loaderToType.find(load);
+      if (it != loaderToType.end()) {
+        imageType = it->second;
+      }
+    }
+    return imageType;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Determine image format, reads the first few bytes of the file
+  */
+  ImageType DetermineImageType(char const *file) {
+    ImageType imageType = ImageType::UNKNOWN;
+    char const *load = vips_foreign_find_load(file);
+    if (load != nullptr) {
+      auto it = loaderToType.find(load);
+      if (it != loaderToType.end()) {
+        imageType = it->second;
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (EndsWith(vips::VError().what(), " does not exist\n")) {
+        imageType = ImageType::MISSING;
+      }
+    }
+    return imageType;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Does this image type support multiple pages?
+  */
+  bool ImageTypeSupportsPage(ImageType imageType) {
+    return
+      imageType == ImageType::WEBP ||
+      imageType == ImageType::MAGICK ||
+      imageType == ImageType::GIF ||
+      imageType == ImageType::JP2 ||
+      imageType == ImageType::TIFF ||
+      imageType == ImageType::HEIF ||
+      imageType == ImageType::PDF;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Does this image type support removal of safety limits?
+  */
+  bool ImageTypeSupportsUnlimited(ImageType imageType) {
+    return
+      imageType == ImageType::JPEG ||
+      imageType == ImageType::PNG ||
+      imageType == ImageType::SVG ||
+      imageType == ImageType::HEIF;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Open an image from the given InputDescriptor (filesystem, compressed buffer, raw pixel data)
+  */
+  std::tuple<VImage, ImageType> OpenInput(InputDescriptor *descriptor) {
+    VImage image;
+    ImageType imageType;
+    if (descriptor->isBuffer) {
+      if (descriptor->rawChannels > 0) {
+        // Raw, uncompressed pixel data
+        bool const is8bit = vips_band_format_is8bit(descriptor->rawDepth);
+        image = VImage::new_from_memory(descriptor->buffer, descriptor->bufferLength,
+          descriptor->rawWidth, descriptor->rawHeight, descriptor->rawChannels, descriptor->rawDepth);
+        if (descriptor->rawChannels < 3) {
+          image.get_image()->Type = is8bit ? VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W : VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16;
+        } else {
+          image.get_image()->Type = is8bit ? VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB : VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB16;
+        }
+        if (descriptor->rawPremultiplied) {
+          image = image.unpremultiply();
+        }
+        imageType = ImageType::RAW;
+      } else {
+        // Compressed data
+        imageType = DetermineImageType(descriptor->buffer, descriptor->bufferLength);
+        if (imageType != ImageType::UNKNOWN) {
+          try {
+            vips::VOption *option = VImage::option()
+              ->set("access", descriptor->access)
+              ->set("fail_on", descriptor->failOn);
+            if (descriptor->unlimited && ImageTypeSupportsUnlimited(imageType)) {
+              option->set("unlimited", TRUE);
+            }
+            if (imageType == ImageType::SVG || imageType == ImageType::PDF) {
+              option->set("dpi", descriptor->density);
+            }
+            if (imageType == ImageType::MAGICK) {
+              option->set("density", std::to_string(descriptor->density).data());
+            }
+            if (ImageTypeSupportsPage(imageType)) {
+              option->set("n", descriptor->pages);
+              option->set("page", descriptor->page);
+            }
+            if (imageType == ImageType::OPENSLIDE) {
+              option->set("level", descriptor->level);
+            }
+            if (imageType == ImageType::TIFF) {
+              option->set("subifd", descriptor->subifd);
+            }
+            image = VImage::new_from_buffer(descriptor->buffer, descriptor->bufferLength, nullptr, option);
+            if (imageType == ImageType::SVG || imageType == ImageType::PDF || imageType == ImageType::MAGICK) {
+              image = SetDensity(image, descriptor->density);
+            }
+          } catch (vips::VError const &err) {
+            throw vips::VError(std::string("Input buffer has corrupt header: ") + err.what());
+          }
+        } else {
+          throw vips::VError("Input buffer contains unsupported image format");
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      int const channels = descriptor->createChannels;
+      if (channels > 0) {
+        // Create new image
+        if (descriptor->createNoiseType == "gaussian") {
+          std::vector<VImage> bands = {};
+          bands.reserve(channels);
+          for (int _band = 0; _band < channels; _band++) {
+            bands.push_back(VImage::gaussnoise(descriptor->createWidth, descriptor->createHeight, VImage::option()
+              ->set("mean", descriptor->createNoiseMean)
+              ->set("sigma", descriptor->createNoiseSigma)));
+          }
+          image = VImage::bandjoin(bands).copy(VImage::option()->set("interpretation",
+            channels < 3 ? VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W: VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB));
+        } else {
+          std::vector<double> background = {
+            descriptor->createBackground[0],
+            descriptor->createBackground[1],
+            descriptor->createBackground[2]
+          };
+          if (channels == 4) {
+            background.push_back(descriptor->createBackground[3]);
+          }
+          image = VImage::new_matrix(descriptor->createWidth, descriptor->createHeight)
+            .copy(VImage::option()->set("interpretation",
+              channels < 3 ? VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W : VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB))
+            .new_from_image(background);
+        }
+        image = image.cast(VIPS_FORMAT_UCHAR);
+        imageType = ImageType::RAW;
+      } else if (descriptor->textValue.length() > 0) {
+        // Create a new image with text
+        vips::VOption *textOptions = VImage::option()
+          ->set("align", descriptor->textAlign)
+          ->set("justify", descriptor->textJustify)
+          ->set("rgba", descriptor->textRgba)
+          ->set("spacing", descriptor->textSpacing)
+          ->set("wrap", descriptor->textWrap)
+          ->set("autofit_dpi", &descriptor->textAutofitDpi);
+        if (descriptor->textWidth > 0) {
+          textOptions->set("width", descriptor->textWidth);
+        }
+        // Ignore dpi if height is set
+        if (descriptor->textWidth > 0 && descriptor->textHeight > 0) {
+          textOptions->set("height", descriptor->textHeight);
+        } else if (descriptor->textDpi > 0) {
+          textOptions->set("dpi", descriptor->textDpi);
+        }
+        if (descriptor->textFont.length() > 0) {
+          textOptions->set("font", const_cast<char*>(descriptor->textFont.data()));
+        }
+        if (descriptor->textFontfile.length() > 0) {
+          textOptions->set("fontfile", const_cast<char*>(descriptor->textFontfile.data()));
+        }
+        image = VImage::text(const_cast<char *>(descriptor->textValue.data()), textOptions);
+        if (!descriptor->textRgba) {
+          image = image.copy(VImage::option()->set("interpretation", VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W));
+        }
+        imageType = ImageType::RAW;
+      } else {
+        // From filesystem
+        imageType = DetermineImageType(descriptor->file.data());
+        if (imageType == ImageType::MISSING) {
+          if (descriptor->file.find("<svg") != std::string::npos) {
+            throw vips::VError("Input file is missing, did you mean "
+              "sharp(Buffer.from('" + descriptor->file.substr(0, 8) + "...')?");
+          }
+          throw vips::VError("Input file is missing: " + descriptor->file);
+        }
+        if (imageType != ImageType::UNKNOWN) {
+          try {
+            vips::VOption *option = VImage::option()
+              ->set("access", descriptor->access)
+              ->set("fail_on", descriptor->failOn);
+            if (descriptor->unlimited && ImageTypeSupportsUnlimited(imageType)) {
+              option->set("unlimited", TRUE);
+            }
+            if (imageType == ImageType::SVG || imageType == ImageType::PDF) {
+              option->set("dpi", descriptor->density);
+            }
+            if (imageType == ImageType::MAGICK) {
+              option->set("density", std::to_string(descriptor->density).data());
+            }
+            if (ImageTypeSupportsPage(imageType)) {
+              option->set("n", descriptor->pages);
+              option->set("page", descriptor->page);
+            }
+            if (imageType == ImageType::OPENSLIDE) {
+              option->set("level", descriptor->level);
+            }
+            if (imageType == ImageType::TIFF) {
+              option->set("subifd", descriptor->subifd);
+            }
+            image = VImage::new_from_file(descriptor->file.data(), option);
+            if (imageType == ImageType::SVG || imageType == ImageType::PDF || imageType == ImageType::MAGICK) {
+              image = SetDensity(image, descriptor->density);
+            }
+          } catch (vips::VError const &err) {
+            throw vips::VError(std::string("Input file has corrupt header: ") + err.what());
+          }
+        } else {
+          throw vips::VError("Input file contains unsupported image format");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Limit input images to a given number of pixels, where pixels = width * height
+    if (descriptor->limitInputPixels > 0 &&
+      static_cast<uint64_t>(image.width()) * image.height() > descriptor->limitInputPixels) {
+      throw vips::VError("Input image exceeds pixel limit");
+    }
+    return std::make_tuple(image, imageType);
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Does this image have an embedded profile?
+  */
+  bool HasProfile(VImage image) {
+    return image.get_typeof(VIPS_META_ICC_NAME) == VIPS_TYPE_BLOB;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Get copy of embedded profile.
+  */
+  std::pair<char*, size_t> GetProfile(VImage image) {
+    std::pair<char*, size_t> icc(nullptr, 0);
+    if (HasProfile(image)) {
+      size_t length;
+      const void *data = image.get_blob(VIPS_META_ICC_NAME, &length);
+      icc.first = static_cast<char*>(g_malloc(length));
+      icc.second = length;
+      memcpy(icc.first, data, length);
+    }
+    return icc;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Set embedded profile.
+  */
+  VImage SetProfile(VImage image, std::pair<char*, size_t> icc) {
+    if (icc.first != nullptr) {
+      image = image.copy();
+      image.set(VIPS_META_ICC_NAME, reinterpret_cast<VipsCallbackFn>(vips_area_free_cb), icc.first, icc.second);
+    }
+    return image;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Does this image have an alpha channel?
+    Uses colour space interpretation with number of channels to guess this.
+  */
+  bool HasAlpha(VImage image) {
+    return image.has_alpha();
+  }
+
+  static void* RemoveExifCallback(VipsImage *image, char const *field, GValue *value, void *data) {
+    std::vector<std::string> *fieldNames = static_cast<std::vector<std::string> *>(data);
+    std::string fieldName(field);
+    if (fieldName.substr(0, 8) == ("exif-ifd")) {
+      fieldNames->push_back(fieldName);
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Remove all EXIF-related image fields.
+  */
+  VImage RemoveExif(VImage image) {
+    std::vector<std::string> fieldNames;
+    vips_image_map(image.get_image(), static_cast<VipsImageMapFn>(RemoveExifCallback), &fieldNames);
+    for (const auto& f : fieldNames) {
+      image.remove(f.data());
+    }
+    return image;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Get EXIF Orientation of image, if any.
+  */
+  int ExifOrientation(VImage image) {
+    int orientation = 0;
+    if (image.get_typeof(VIPS_META_ORIENTATION) != 0) {
+      orientation = image.get_int(VIPS_META_ORIENTATION);
+    }
+    return orientation;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Set EXIF Orientation of image.
+  */
+  VImage SetExifOrientation(VImage image, int const orientation) {
+    VImage copy = image.copy();
+    copy.set(VIPS_META_ORIENTATION, orientation);
+    return copy;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Remove EXIF Orientation from image.
+  */
+  VImage RemoveExifOrientation(VImage image) {
+    VImage copy = image.copy();
+    copy.remove(VIPS_META_ORIENTATION);
+    copy.remove("exif-ifd0-Orientation");
+    return copy;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Set animation properties if necessary.
+  */
+  VImage SetAnimationProperties(VImage image, int nPages, int pageHeight, std::vector<int> delay, int loop) {
+    bool hasDelay = !delay.empty();
+
+    // Avoid a copy if none of the animation properties are needed.
+    if (nPages == 1 && !hasDelay && loop == -1) return image;
+
+    if (delay.size() == 1) {
+      // We have just one delay, repeat that value for all frames.
+      delay.insert(delay.end(), nPages - 1, delay[0]);
+    }
+
+    // Attaching metadata, need to copy the image.
+    VImage copy = image.copy();
+
+    // Only set page-height if we have more than one page, or this could
+    // accidentally turn into an animated image later.
+    if (nPages > 1) copy.set(VIPS_META_PAGE_HEIGHT, pageHeight);
+    if (hasDelay) copy.set("delay", delay);
+    if (loop != -1) copy.set("loop", loop);
+
+    return copy;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Remove animation properties from image.
+  */
+  VImage RemoveAnimationProperties(VImage image) {
+    VImage copy = image.copy();
+    copy.remove(VIPS_META_PAGE_HEIGHT);
+    copy.remove("delay");
+    copy.remove("loop");
+    return copy;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Remove GIF palette from image.
+  */
+  VImage RemoveGifPalette(VImage image) {
+    VImage copy = image.copy();
+    copy.remove("gif-palette");
+    return copy;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Does this image have a non-default density?
+  */
+  bool HasDensity(VImage image) {
+    return image.xres() > 1.0;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Get pixels/mm resolution as pixels/inch density.
+  */
+  int GetDensity(VImage image) {
+    return static_cast<int>(round(image.xres() * 25.4));
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Set pixels/mm resolution based on a pixels/inch density.
+  */
+  VImage SetDensity(VImage image, const double density) {
+    const double pixelsPerMm = density / 25.4;
+    VImage copy = image.copy();
+    copy.get_image()->Xres = pixelsPerMm;
+    copy.get_image()->Yres = pixelsPerMm;
+    return copy;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Multi-page images can have a page height. Fetch it, and sanity check it.
+    If page-height is not set, it defaults to the image height
+  */
+  int GetPageHeight(VImage image) {
+    return vips_image_get_page_height(image.get_image());
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Check the proposed format supports the current dimensions.
+  */
+  void AssertImageTypeDimensions(VImage image, ImageType const imageType) {
+    const int height = image.get_typeof(VIPS_META_PAGE_HEIGHT) == G_TYPE_INT
+      ? image.get_int(VIPS_META_PAGE_HEIGHT)
+      : image.height();
+    if (imageType == ImageType::JPEG) {
+      if (image.width() > 65535 || height > 65535) {
+        throw vips::VError("Processed image is too large for the JPEG format");
+      }
+    } else if (imageType == ImageType::WEBP) {
+      if (image.width() > 16383 || height > 16383) {
+        throw vips::VError("Processed image is too large for the WebP format");
+      }
+    } else if (imageType == ImageType::GIF) {
+      if (image.width() > 65535 || height > 65535) {
+        throw vips::VError("Processed image is too large for the GIF format");
+      }
+    } else if (imageType == ImageType::HEIF) {
+      if (image.width() > 16384 || height > 16384) {
+        throw vips::VError("Processed image is too large for the HEIF format");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Called when a Buffer undergoes GC, required to support mixed runtime libraries in Windows
+  */
+  std::function<void(void*, char*)> FreeCallback = [](void*, char* data) {
+    g_free(data);
+  };
+
+  /*
+    Temporary buffer of warnings
+  */
+  std::queue<std::string> vipsWarnings;
+  std::mutex vipsWarningsMutex;
+
+  /*
+    Called with warnings from the glib-registered "VIPS" domain
+  */
+  void VipsWarningCallback(char const* log_domain, GLogLevelFlags log_level, char const* message, void* ignore) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(vipsWarningsMutex);
+    vipsWarnings.emplace(message);
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Pop the oldest warning message from the queue
+  */
+  std::string VipsWarningPop() {
+    std::string warning;
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(vipsWarningsMutex);
+    if (!vipsWarnings.empty()) {
+      warning = vipsWarnings.front();
+      vipsWarnings.pop();
+    }
+    return warning;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Attach an event listener for progress updates, used to detect timeout
+  */
+  void SetTimeout(VImage image, int const seconds) {
+    if (seconds > 0) {
+      VipsImage *im = image.get_image();
+      if (im->progress_signal == NULL) {
+        int *timeout = VIPS_NEW(im, int);
+        *timeout = seconds;
+        g_signal_connect(im, "eval", G_CALLBACK(VipsProgressCallBack), timeout);
+        vips_image_set_progress(im, TRUE);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Event listener for progress updates, used to detect timeout
+  */
+  void VipsProgressCallBack(VipsImage *im, VipsProgress *progress, int *timeout) {
+    if (*timeout > 0 && progress->run >= *timeout) {
+      vips_image_set_kill(im, TRUE);
+      vips_error("timeout", "%d%% complete", progress->percent);
+      *timeout = 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Calculate the (left, top) coordinates of the output image
+    within the input image, applying the given gravity during an embed.
+
+    @Azurebyte: We are basically swapping the inWidth and outWidth, inHeight and outHeight from the CalculateCrop function.
+  */
+  std::tuple<int, int> CalculateEmbedPosition(int const inWidth, int const inHeight,
+    int const outWidth, int const outHeight, int const gravity) {
+
+    int left = 0;
+    int top = 0;
+    switch (gravity) {
+      case 1:
+        // North
+        left = (outWidth - inWidth) / 2;
+        break;
+      case 2:
+        // East
+        left = outWidth - inWidth;
+        top = (outHeight - inHeight) / 2;
+        break;
+      case 3:
+        // South
+        left = (outWidth - inWidth) / 2;
+        top = outHeight - inHeight;
+        break;
+      case 4:
+        // West
+        top = (outHeight - inHeight) / 2;
+        break;
+      case 5:
+        // Northeast
+        left = outWidth - inWidth;
+        break;
+      case 6:
+        // Southeast
+        left = outWidth - inWidth;
+        top = outHeight - inHeight;
+        break;
+      case 7:
+        // Southwest
+        top = outHeight - inHeight;
+        break;
+      case 8:
+        // Northwest
+        // Which is the default is 0,0 so we do not assign anything here.
+        break;
+      default:
+        // Centre
+        left = (outWidth - inWidth) / 2;
+        top = (outHeight - inHeight) / 2;
+    }
+    return std::make_tuple(left, top);
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Calculate the (left, top) coordinates of the output image
+    within the input image, applying the given gravity during a crop.
+  */
+  std::tuple<int, int> CalculateCrop(int const inWidth, int const inHeight,
+    int const outWidth, int const outHeight, int const gravity) {
+
+    int left = 0;
+    int top = 0;
+    switch (gravity) {
+      case 1:
+        // North
+        left = (inWidth - outWidth + 1) / 2;
+        break;
+      case 2:
+        // East
+        left = inWidth - outWidth;
+        top = (inHeight - outHeight + 1) / 2;
+        break;
+      case 3:
+        // South
+        left = (inWidth - outWidth + 1) / 2;
+        top = inHeight - outHeight;
+        break;
+      case 4:
+        // West
+        top = (inHeight - outHeight + 1) / 2;
+        break;
+      case 5:
+        // Northeast
+        left = inWidth - outWidth;
+        break;
+      case 6:
+        // Southeast
+        left = inWidth - outWidth;
+        top = inHeight - outHeight;
+        break;
+      case 7:
+        // Southwest
+        top = inHeight - outHeight;
+        break;
+      case 8:
+        // Northwest
+        break;
+      default:
+        // Centre
+        left = (inWidth - outWidth + 1) / 2;
+        top = (inHeight - outHeight + 1) / 2;
+    }
+    return std::make_tuple(left, top);
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Calculate the (left, top) coordinates of the output image
+    within the input image, applying the given x and y offsets.
+  */
+  std::tuple<int, int> CalculateCrop(int const inWidth, int const inHeight,
+    int const outWidth, int const outHeight, int const x, int const y) {
+
+    // default values
+    int left = 0;
+    int top = 0;
+
+    // assign only if valid
+    if (x < (inWidth - outWidth)) {
+      left = x;
+    } else if (x >= (inWidth - outWidth)) {
+      left = inWidth - outWidth;
+    }
+
+    if (y < (inHeight - outHeight)) {
+      top = y;
+    } else if (y >= (inHeight - outHeight)) {
+      top = inHeight - outHeight;
+    }
+
+    return std::make_tuple(left, top);
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Are pixel values in this image 16-bit integer?
+  */
+  bool Is16Bit(VipsInterpretation const interpretation) {
+    return interpretation == VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB16 || interpretation == VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Return the image alpha maximum. Useful for combining alpha bands. scRGB
+    images are 0 - 1 for image data, but the alpha is 0 - 255.
+  */
+  double MaximumImageAlpha(VipsInterpretation const interpretation) {
+    return Is16Bit(interpretation) ? 65535.0 : 255.0;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Convert RGBA value to another colourspace
+  */
+  std::vector<double> GetRgbaAsColourspace(std::vector<double> const rgba,
+    VipsInterpretation const interpretation, bool premultiply) {
+    int const bands = static_cast<int>(rgba.size());
+    if (bands < 3) {
+      return rgba;
+    }
+    VImage pixel = VImage::new_matrix(1, 1);
+    pixel.set("bands", bands);
+    pixel = pixel
+      .new_from_image(rgba)
+      .colourspace(interpretation, VImage::option()->set("source_space", VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB));
+    if (premultiply) {
+      pixel = pixel.premultiply();
+    }
+    return pixel(0, 0);
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Apply the alpha channel to a given colour
+  */
+  std::tuple<VImage, std::vector<double>> ApplyAlpha(VImage image, std::vector<double> colour, bool premultiply) {
+    // Scale up 8-bit values to match 16-bit input image
+    double const multiplier = sharp::Is16Bit(image.interpretation()) ? 256.0 : 1.0;
+    // Create alphaColour colour
+    std::vector<double> alphaColour;
+    if (image.bands() > 2) {
+      alphaColour = {
+        multiplier * colour[0],
+        multiplier * colour[1],
+        multiplier * colour[2]
+      };
+    } else {
+      // Convert sRGB to greyscale
+      alphaColour = { multiplier * (
+        0.2126 * colour[0] +
+        0.7152 * colour[1] +
+        0.0722 * colour[2])
+      };
+    }
+    // Add alpha channel to alphaColour colour
+    if (colour[3] < 255.0 || HasAlpha(image)) {
+      alphaColour.push_back(colour[3] * multiplier);
+    }
+    // Ensure alphaColour colour uses correct colourspace
+    alphaColour = sharp::GetRgbaAsColourspace(alphaColour, image.interpretation(), premultiply);
+    // Add non-transparent alpha channel, if required
+    if (colour[3] < 255.0 && !HasAlpha(image)) {
+      image = image.bandjoin(
+        VImage::new_matrix(image.width(), image.height()).new_from_image(255 * multiplier).cast(image.format()));
+    }
+    return std::make_tuple(image, alphaColour);
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Removes alpha channel, if any.
+  */
+  VImage RemoveAlpha(VImage image) {
+    if (HasAlpha(image)) {
+      image = image.extract_band(0, VImage::option()->set("n", image.bands() - 1));
+    }
+    return image;
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Ensures alpha channel, if missing.
+  */
+  VImage EnsureAlpha(VImage image, double const value) {
+    if (!HasAlpha(image)) {
+      std::vector<double> alpha;
+      alpha.push_back(value * sharp::MaximumImageAlpha(image.interpretation()));
+      image = image.bandjoin_const(alpha);
+    }
+    return image;
+  }
+
+  std::pair<double, double> ResolveShrink(int width, int height, int targetWidth, int targetHeight,
+    Canvas canvas, bool withoutEnlargement, bool withoutReduction) {
+    double hshrink = 1.0;
+    double vshrink = 1.0;
+
+    if (targetWidth > 0 && targetHeight > 0) {
+      // Fixed width and height
+      hshrink = static_cast<double>(width) / targetWidth;
+      vshrink = static_cast<double>(height) / targetHeight;
+
+      switch (canvas) {
+        case Canvas::CROP:
+        case Canvas::MIN:
+          if (hshrink < vshrink) {
+            vshrink = hshrink;
+          } else {
+            hshrink = vshrink;
+          }
+          break;
+        case Canvas::EMBED:
+        case Canvas::MAX:
+          if (hshrink > vshrink) {
+            vshrink = hshrink;
+          } else {
+            hshrink = vshrink;
+          }
+          break;
+        case Canvas::IGNORE_ASPECT:
+          break;
+      }
+    } else if (targetWidth > 0) {
+      // Fixed width
+      hshrink = static_cast<double>(width) / targetWidth;
+
+      if (canvas != Canvas::IGNORE_ASPECT) {
+        // Auto height
+        vshrink = hshrink;
+      }
+    } else if (targetHeight > 0) {
+      // Fixed height
+      vshrink = static_cast<double>(height) / targetHeight;
+
+      if (canvas != Canvas::IGNORE_ASPECT) {
+        // Auto width
+        hshrink = vshrink;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // We should not reduce or enlarge the output image, if
+    // withoutReduction or withoutEnlargement is specified.
+    if (withoutReduction) {
+      // Equivalent of VIPS_SIZE_UP
+      hshrink = std::min(1.0, hshrink);
+      vshrink = std::min(1.0, vshrink);
+    } else if (withoutEnlargement) {
+      // Equivalent of VIPS_SIZE_DOWN
+      hshrink = std::max(1.0, hshrink);
+      vshrink = std::max(1.0, vshrink);
+    }
+
+    // We don't want to shrink so much that we send an axis to 0
+    hshrink = std::min(hshrink, static_cast<double>(width));
+    vshrink = std::min(vshrink, static_cast<double>(height));
+
+    return std::make_pair(hshrink, vshrink);
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Ensure decoding remains sequential.
+  */
+  VImage StaySequential(VImage image, VipsAccess access, bool condition) {
+    if (access == VIPS_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL && condition) {
+      return image.copy_memory();
+    }
+    return image;
+  }
+}  // namespace sharp