@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-parser 0.3.3 → 0.4.0

package/README.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ If you want to handle syntax trees manually, use this. For an easier time proces
 - **Composable**: works directly as a unified parser plugin or as a standalone function.
 - **Streaming-friendly**: pull-based design is ready for streaming use cases.
 
-## Install 
+## Install
 
 This package is [ESM only](https://gist.github.com/sindresorhus/a39789f98801d908bbc7ff3ecc99d99c). In Node.js (version 16+), install with npm:
 
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ const customTree = unified()
 ```
 
 The default delimiters are:
+
 - `field`: `|`
 - `component`: `^`
 - `repetition`: `~`
@@ -78,6 +79,57 @@ The default delimiters are:
 - `escape`: `\`
 - `segment`: `\r`
 
+### Experimental Features
+
+The parser supports experimental features through the `experimental` option. These features are subject to change but provide opt-in access to upcoming behaviors.
+
+#### Empty Array Mode
+
+By default, the parser represents empty fields with full scaffolding (Field → FieldRepetition → Component → Subcomponent with `value: ""`). The `emptyMode: 'empty'` option changes this behavior to use empty children arrays instead, making the AST more compact and easier to work with.
+
+```typescript
+import { unified } from 'unified';
+import { hl7v2Parser } from '@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-parser';
+
+// With empty-array mode (new behavior)
+const tree = unified()
+  .use(hl7v2Parser, {
+    experimental: {
+      emptyMode: 'empty-array',
+    }
+  })
+  .parse('PID|1||');
+
+// PID.2 (empty field) will have: { type: 'field', children: [] }
+// Instead of: Field → Rep → Comp → Sub with value: ""
+```
+
+**Spec Rules:**
+
+- **Leaf nodes** (Subcomponent, SegmentHeader) with no value: `value: ""`
+- **Parent nodes** (Field, FieldRepetition, Component) with no content: `children: []`
+- **Presence vs Value**:
+  - Node exists in parent's children array = position exists
+  - Node has empty children array = no value at that position
+
+**Examples:**
+
+| Wire Format  | Legacy Mode                                    | Empty-Array Mode                        |
+|--------------|------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
+| `PID\|1\|\|`   | Field → Rep → Comp → Sub("")                   | Field(children: [])                     |
+| `PID\|1\|^\|`  | Field → Rep → [Comp → Sub(""), Comp → Sub("")] | Field → Rep → [Comp[], Comp[]]          |
+| `PID\|1\|~\|`  | Field → [Rep → Comp → Sub(""), Rep → ...]      | Field → [Rep[], Rep[]]                  |
+| `PID\|1\|ABC\|`| Field → Rep → Comp → Sub("ABC")                | Field → Rep → Comp → Sub("ABC") (same)  |
+
+**Benefits:**
+
+- 37-63% reduction in node count for messages with empty fields
+- ~11% performance improvement for sparse messages
+- Cleaner AST structure for visitor patterns and transformations
+- Easier to distinguish "field exists but is empty" from "field has content"
+
+**Note:** This feature will become the default behavior in future versions. The legacy mode will be deprecated.
+
 ## Contributing
 
 We welcome contributions! Please see our [Contributing Guide][github-contributing] for more details.
@@ -100,4 +152,4 @@ This program is licensed to you under the terms of the [MIT License](https://ope
 
 [github-code-of-conduct]: https://github.com/rethinkhealth/hl7v2/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
 [github-license]: https://github.com/rethinkhealth/hl7v2/blob/main/LICENSE
-[github-contributing]: https://github.com/rethinkhealth/hl7v2/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md
+[github-contributing]: https://github.com/rethinkhealth/hl7v2/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md

package/dist/index.d.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-export { default as hl7v2Parser } from "./parser";
+export { default as hl7v2Parser, parseHL7v2 } from "./parser";
 export * from "./preprocessor";
 export { parseHL7v2FromIterator } from "./processor";
 export * from "./tokenizer";

package/dist/index.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // src/parser.ts
+import { loadConfig } from "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-config";
 import { DEFAULT_DELIMITERS as DEFAULT_DELIMITERS2 } from "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-utils";
 
 // src/preprocessor.ts
@@ -54,28 +55,29 @@ function createSubcomponent(start) {
     position: { start, end: start }
   };
 }
-function createComponent(start) {
+function createComponent(start, mode) {
   return {
     type: "component",
-    children: [createSubcomponent(start)],
+    children: mode === "legacy" ? [createSubcomponent(start)] : [],
     position: { start, end: start }
   };
 }
-function createFieldRepetition(start) {
+function createFieldRepetition(start, mode) {
   return {
     type: "field-repetition",
-    children: [createComponent(start)],
+    children: mode === "legacy" ? [createComponent(start, mode)] : [],
     position: { start, end: start }
   };
 }
-function createField(start) {
+function createField(start, mode) {
   return {
     type: "field",
-    children: [createFieldRepetition(start)],
+    children: mode === "legacy" ? [createFieldRepetition(start, mode)] : [],
     position: { start, end: start }
   };
 }
 function createParserCore(ctx) {
+  const mode = ctx.settings.experimental.emptyMode;
   const root = {
     type: "root",
     children: [],
@@ -130,50 +132,108 @@ function createParserCore(ctx) {
         "Cannot open field without an active segment. TEXT token with segment name must precede field content."
       );
     }
-    field = createField(start);
+    field = createField(start, mode);
     seg.children.push(field);
-    rep = field.children[0];
-    comp = rep.children[0];
-    currentSub = comp.children[0];
+    if (mode === "legacy") {
+      rep = field.children[0] ?? null;
+      comp = rep?.children[0] ?? null;
+      currentSub = comp?.children[0] ?? null;
+    } else {
+      rep = null;
+      comp = null;
+      currentSub = null;
+    }
     segmentHasContent = true;
   };
   const openRepetition = (start) => {
     if (!field) {
       openField(start);
-      return;
+      if (mode === "empty") {
+        const emptyRep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);
+        field.children.push(emptyRep);
+      }
+    }
+    if (mode === "empty" && field.children.length === 0) {
+      const emptyRep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);
+      field.children.push(emptyRep);
     }
-    rep = createFieldRepetition(start);
+    rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);
     field.children.push(rep);
-    comp = rep.children[0] ?? null;
-    currentSub = comp?.children[0] ?? null;
+    if (mode === "legacy") {
+      comp = rep.children[0] ?? null;
+      currentSub = comp?.children[0] ?? null;
+    } else {
+      comp = null;
+      currentSub = null;
+    }
+    segmentHasContent = true;
+  };
+  const ensureComponent = (start) => {
+    if (!field) {
+      openField(start);
+    }
+    if (!rep) {
+      rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);
+      field.children.push(rep);
+    }
+    if (!comp) {
+      comp = createComponent(start, mode);
+      rep.children.push(comp);
+    }
     segmentHasContent = true;
   };
   const openComponent = (start) => {
     if (!field) {
       openField(start);
-      return;
+      if (mode === "empty") {
+        rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);
+        field.children.push(rep);
+        const emptyComp = createComponent(start, mode);
+        rep.children.push(emptyComp);
+      }
     }
     if (!rep) {
-      rep = createFieldRepetition(start);
+      rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);
       field.children.push(rep);
+      if (mode === "empty") {
+        const emptyComp = createComponent(start, mode);
+        rep.children.push(emptyComp);
+      }
+    } else if (mode === "empty" && rep.children.length === 0) {
+      const emptyComp = createComponent(start, mode);
+      rep.children.push(emptyComp);
     }
-    comp = createComponent(start);
+    comp = createComponent(start, mode);
     rep.children.push(comp);
-    currentSub = comp.children[0] ?? null;
+    if (mode === "legacy") {
+      currentSub = comp.children[0] ?? null;
+    } else {
+      currentSub = null;
+    }
     segmentHasContent = true;
   };
   const ensureForText = (start) => {
     if (!field) {
       openField(start);
-      return;
+      if (mode === "legacy") {
+        return;
+      }
     }
     if (!rep) {
-      openRepetition(start);
-      return;
+      if (mode === "legacy") {
+        openRepetition(start);
+        return;
+      }
+      rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);
+      field.children.push(rep);
     }
     if (!comp) {
-      openComponent(start);
-      return;
+      if (mode === "legacy") {
+        openComponent(start);
+        return;
+      }
+      comp = createComponent(start, mode);
+      rep.children.push(comp);
     }
     if (!currentSub) {
       currentSub = createSubcomponent(start);
@@ -238,8 +298,10 @@ function createParserCore(ctx) {
       case "SUBCOMP_DELIM": {
         lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;
         documentEnd = tok.position.end;
-        if (!comp) {
-          openComponent(tok.position.start);
+        ensureComponent(tok.position.start);
+        if (mode === "empty" && comp.children.length === 0) {
+          const emptySub = createSubcomponent(tok.position.start);
+          comp.children.push(emptySub);
         }
         currentSub = createSubcomponent(tok.position.end);
         comp?.children.push(currentSub);
@@ -262,7 +324,9 @@ function createParserCore(ctx) {
           return;
         }
         ensureForText(tok.position.start);
-        currentSub.value += val;
+        if (currentSub) {
+          currentSub.value += val;
+        }
         updatePositionsToEnd(tok.position.end);
         lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;
         documentEnd = tok.position.end;
@@ -467,17 +531,22 @@ var HL7v2Tokenizer = class {
 };
 
 // src/parser.ts
+var { settings: DEFAULT_SETTINGS } = loadConfig();
 function* iterateTokenizerSync(t) {
   for (let tok = t.next(); tok; tok = t.next()) {
     yield tok;
   }
 }
-function parseHL7v2(input, opts) {
+function parseHL7v2(input, opts = {}) {
   let ctx = {
     input,
     delimiters: {
       ...DEFAULT_DELIMITERS2,
       ...opts.delimiters
+    },
+    settings: {
+      ...DEFAULT_SETTINGS,
+      ...opts.settings
     }
   };
   ctx = runPreprocessors(ctx, opts.preprocess || defaultPreprocessors);
@@ -486,7 +555,13 @@ function parseHL7v2(input, opts) {
   return parseHL7v2FromIterator(iterateTokenizerSync(tokenizer), ctx);
 }
 var hl7v2Parser = function(options = {}) {
-  this.parser = (document) => parseHL7v2(document, options);
+  this.parser = (document) => {
+    const settings = this.data("settings");
+    return parseHL7v2(document, {
+      settings,
+      ...options
+    });
+  };
 };
 var parser_default = hl7v2Parser;
 export {
@@ -495,6 +570,7 @@ export {
   detectDelimiters,
   parser_default as hl7v2Parser,
   normalizeNewlines,
+  parseHL7v2,
   parseHL7v2FromIterator,
   runPreprocessors,
   stripBOM

package/dist/index.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"sources":["../src/parser.ts","../src/preprocessor.ts","../src/processor.ts","../src/tokenizer.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import type { Root } from \"@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-ast\";\nimport { DEFAULT_DELIMITERS } from \"@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-utils\";\nimport type { Plugin } from \"unified\";\nimport { defaultPreprocessors, runPreprocessors } from \"./preprocessor\";\nimport { parseHL7v2FromIterator } from \"./processor\";\nimport { HL7v2Tokenizer } from \"./tokenizer\";\nimport type { ParseOptions, ParserContext, Token, Tokenizer } from \"./types\";\n\nfunction* iterateTokenizerSync(t: Tokenizer): Iterable<Token> {\n  for (let tok = t.next(); tok; tok = t.next()) {\n    yield tok;\n  }\n}\n\nexport function parseHL7v2(input: string, opts: ParseOptions): Root {\n  let ctx: ParserContext = {\n    input,\n    delimiters: {\n      ...DEFAULT_DELIMITERS,\n      ...opts.delimiters,\n    },\n  };\n  // Run preprocessing\n  ctx = runPreprocessors(ctx, opts.preprocess || defaultPreprocessors);\n  // Run tokenizer\n  const tokenizer = new HL7v2Tokenizer();\n  // Reset tokenizer.\n  tokenizer.reset(ctx);\n  // Parse\n  return parseHL7v2FromIterator(iterateTokenizerSync(tokenizer), ctx);\n}\n\nconst hl7v2Parser: Plugin<[ParseOptions?], string, Root> = function (\n  options = {}\n) {\n  this.parser = (document: string) => parseHL7v2(document, options);\n};\n\nexport default hl7v2Parser;\n","import { DEFAULT_DELIMITERS } from \"@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-utils\";\nimport type { ParserContext, PreprocessorStep } from \"./types\";\n\n// PreprocessorStep is declared in `types.ts` to avoid circular imports\n\n/**\n * Step: strip UTF-8 BOM.\n */\nexport const stripBOM: PreprocessorStep = (ctx) => {\n  if (ctx.input.charCodeAt(0) === 0xfe_ff) {\n    ctx.input = ctx.input.slice(1);\n  }\n  return ctx;\n};\n\n/**\n * Step: normalize newlines to the default delimiters.\n */\nexport const normalizeNewlines: PreprocessorStep = (ctx) => {\n  ctx.input = ctx.input.replace(/\\r?\\n/g, ctx.delimiters.segment);\n  return ctx;\n};\n\n/**\n * Step: auto-detect delimiters from MSH.\n */\nexport const detectDelimiters: PreprocessorStep = (ctx) => {\n  if (ctx.input.startsWith(\"MSH\")) {\n    const field = ctx.input.charAt(3) || DEFAULT_DELIMITERS.field;\n    const enc = ctx.input.slice(4, 8);\n    const component = enc.charAt(0) || DEFAULT_DELIMITERS.component;\n    const repetition = enc.charAt(1) || DEFAULT_DELIMITERS.repetition;\n    const _escape = enc.charAt(2) || DEFAULT_DELIMITERS.escape;\n    const subcomponent = enc.charAt(3) || DEFAULT_DELIMITERS.subcomponent;\n    const segment = DEFAULT_DELIMITERS.segment;\n\n    ctx.delimiters = {\n      field,\n      component,\n      repetition,\n      escape: _escape,\n      subcomponent,\n      segment,\n    };\n  }\n  return ctx;\n};\n\n/**\n * Default preprocessing pipeline.\n */\nexport const defaultPreprocessors: PreprocessorStep[] = [\n  stripBOM,\n  normalizeNewlines,\n  detectDelimiters,\n];\n\n/**\n * Run the pipeline to initialize ParserContext.\n */\nexport function runPreprocessors(\n  ctx: ParserContext,\n  steps: PreprocessorStep[]\n): ParserContext {\n  for (const step of steps) {\n    // biome-ignore lint/style/noParameterAssign: this is necessary to keep no-copy\n    ctx = step(ctx);\n  }\n\n  return ctx;\n}\n","// src/parser.ts\n\nimport type {\n  Component,\n  Field,\n  FieldRepetition,\n  Root,\n  Segment,\n  SegmentHeader,\n  Subcomponent,\n} from \"@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-ast\";\nimport { isEmptyNode } from \"@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-utils\";\nimport type { ParserContext, Position, Token } from \"./types\";\n\n// Helper to create an empty subcomponent at a given position\nfunction createSubcomponent(start: Position[\"start\"]): Subcomponent {\n  return {\n    type: \"subcomponent\",\n    value: \"\",\n    position: { start, end: start },\n  };\n}\n\n// Helper to create a component with an initial empty subcomponent\nfunction createComponent(start: Position[\"start\"]): Component {\n  return {\n    type: \"component\",\n    children: [createSubcomponent(start)],\n    position: { start, end: start },\n  };\n}\n\n// Helper to create a field repetition with an initial component\nfunction createFieldRepetition(start: Position[\"start\"]): FieldRepetition {\n  return {\n    type: \"field-repetition\",\n    children: [createComponent(start)],\n    position: { start, end: start },\n  };\n}\n\n// Helper to create a field with an initial repetition\nfunction createField(start: Position[\"start\"]): Field {\n  return {\n    type: \"field\",\n    children: [createFieldRepetition(start)],\n    position: { start, end: start },\n  };\n}\n\n// Shared core: process a single token into mutable parse state\nfunction createParserCore(ctx: ParserContext) {\n  const root: Root = {\n    type: \"root\",\n    children: [],\n    data: {\n      delimiters: ctx.delimiters,\n    },\n  };\n\n  let seg: Segment | null = null;\n  let field: Field | null = null;\n  let rep: FieldRepetition | null = null;\n  let comp: Component | null = null;\n  let currentSub: Subcomponent | null = null;\n  let segmentHasContent = false;\n  let lastContentEnd: Position[\"end\"] | null = null;\n  let documentEnd: Position[\"end\"] | null = null; // Track document-level end position\n  let expectingSegmentName = true; // Start expecting a segment name\n  let justSetSegmentName = false; // Track if we just set the segment name\n  let rootStartSet = false; // Track if we've set the root start position\n\n  const resetState = () => {\n    seg = null;\n    field = null;\n    rep = null;\n    comp = null;\n    currentSub = null;\n    segmentHasContent = false;\n    lastContentEnd = null;\n    expectingSegmentName = true;\n  };\n\n  const openSegment = (name: string, position: Position) => {\n    const header: SegmentHeader = {\n      type: \"segment-header\",\n      value: name,\n      position: { ...position },\n    };\n    seg = {\n      type: \"segment\",\n      children: [header],\n      position: { start: position.start, end: position.end },\n    };\n    root.children.push(seg);\n    // Reset field-level state\n    field = null;\n    rep = null;\n    comp = null;\n    currentSub = null;\n    segmentHasContent = false;\n    justSetSegmentName = true;\n    expectingSegmentName = false;\n  };\n\n  const openField = (start: Position[\"start\"]) => {\n    if (!seg) {\n      throw new Error(\n        \"Cannot open field without an active segment. TEXT token with segment name must precede field content.\"\n      );\n    }\n    field = createField(start);\n    seg.children.push(field);\n    // biome-ignore lint/style/noNonNullAssertion: createField guarantees at least one child at each level\n    rep = field.children[0]!;\n    // biome-ignore lint/style/noNonNullAssertion: createFieldRepetition guarantees at least one child\n    comp = rep.children[0]!;\n    // biome-ignore lint/style/noNonNullAssertion: createComponent guarantees at least one child\n    currentSub = comp.children[0]!;\n    segmentHasContent = true;\n  };\n\n  const openRepetition = (start: Position[\"start\"]) => {\n    if (!field) {\n      openField(start);\n      return; // openField already created everything including subcomponent\n    }\n    rep = createFieldRepetition(start);\n    field.children.push(rep);\n    comp = rep.children[0] ?? null;\n    currentSub = comp?.children[0] ?? null;\n    segmentHasContent = true;\n  };\n\n  const openComponent = (start: Position[\"start\"]) => {\n    if (!field) {\n      openField(start);\n      return; // openField already created everything including subcomponent\n    }\n    if (!rep) {\n      rep = createFieldRepetition(start);\n      field.children.push(rep);\n    }\n    comp = createComponent(start);\n    rep.children.push(comp);\n    currentSub = comp.children[0] ?? null;\n    segmentHasContent = true;\n  };\n\n  const ensureForText = (start: Position[\"start\"]) => {\n    if (!field) {\n      openField(start);\n      return; // Everything is already set up by openField\n    }\n    if (!rep) {\n      openRepetition(start);\n      return; // Everything is already set up by openRepetition\n    }\n    if (!comp) {\n      openComponent(start);\n      return; // Everything is already set up by openComponent\n    }\n    if (!currentSub) {\n      currentSub = createSubcomponent(start);\n      comp.children.push(currentSub);\n      segmentHasContent = true;\n    }\n  };\n\n  const updatePositionsToEnd = (endPos: Position[\"end\"]) => {\n    if (currentSub?.position) {\n      currentSub.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n    if (comp?.position) {\n      comp.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n    if (rep?.position) {\n      rep.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n    if (field?.position) {\n      field.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n    if (seg?.position) {\n      seg.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n  };\n\n  // biome-ignore lint/complexity/noExcessiveCognitiveComplexity: State machine requires handling all token types\n  const processToken = (tok: Token) => {\n    switch (tok.type) {\n      case \"SEGMENT_END\": {\n        // Use the last content position instead of the segment delimiter position\n        const endPos = lastContentEnd || tok.position.start;\n        updatePositionsToEnd(endPos);\n        dropTrailingEmptyFieldIfPresent();\n        resetState();\n        return;\n      }\n      case \"FIELD_DELIM\": {\n        lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        documentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        // Skip the first field delimiter after setting segment name (it separates segment name from fields)\n        if (justSetSegmentName) {\n          justSetSegmentName = false;\n          return;\n        }\n        // Leading field delimiter implies an empty first field\n        if (!field) {\n          // Open an empty first field (already has empty subcomponent from openField)\n          openField(tok.position.start);\n        }\n        openField(tok.position.end);\n        return;\n      }\n      case \"REPETITION_DELIM\": {\n        lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        documentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        if (!field) {\n          openField(tok.position.start);\n        }\n        openRepetition(tok.position.end);\n        return;\n      }\n      case \"COMPONENT_DELIM\": {\n        lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        documentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        openComponent(tok.position.end);\n        return;\n      }\n      case \"SUBCOMP_DELIM\": {\n        lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        documentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        if (!comp) {\n          openComponent(tok.position.start);\n        }\n        currentSub = createSubcomponent(tok.position.end);\n        comp?.children.push(currentSub);\n        segmentHasContent = true;\n        return;\n      }\n      case \"TEXT\": {\n        const val = tok.value ?? \"\";\n\n        // Set root start position on first token\n        if (!rootStartSet) {\n          root.position = {\n            start: tok.position.start,\n            end: tok.position.start,\n          };\n          rootStartSet = true;\n        }\n\n        // If we're expecting a segment name, this TEXT is the segment name\n        if (expectingSegmentName) {\n          // `tok.position` is always available for TEXT tokens\n          openSegment(val, tok.position);\n          lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;\n          documentEnd = tok.position.end;\n          return;\n        }\n\n        // Otherwise, it's regular field content\n        ensureForText(tok.position.start);\n        // biome-ignore lint/style/noNonNullAssertion: ensured above\n        currentSub!.value += val;\n        updatePositionsToEnd(tok.position.end);\n        lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        documentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        segmentHasContent = true;\n        return;\n      }\n      default: {\n        throw new Error(`Unexpected token type: ${tok.type}`);\n      }\n    }\n  };\n\n  // Do not pre-open a segment; lazily open upon first non-SEGMENT_END token.\n\n  const finalize = () => {\n    // Handle input that ends without an explicit segment delimiter as above.\n    if (lastContentEnd && seg) {\n      updatePositionsToEnd(lastContentEnd);\n    }\n    dropTrailingEmptyFieldIfPresent();\n    if (seg && !segmentHasContent) {\n      // Drop trailing empty segment if no content was added\n      root.children.pop();\n    }\n\n    // Set root end position once at finalization using document-level end\n    if (root.position && documentEnd) {\n      root.position.end = documentEnd;\n    } else if (!root.position) {\n      // Empty document - set default position\n      root.position = {\n        start: { line: 1, column: 1, offset: 0 },\n        end: { line: 1, column: 1, offset: 0 },\n      };\n    }\n\n    return root;\n  };\n\n  function dropTrailingEmptyFieldIfPresent() {\n    if (!seg || seg.children.length <= 1) {\n      return;\n    }\n    // Drop only the final trailing empty field (created by the last delimiter),\n    // preserving any intentional empty fields immediately before it.\n    const lastChild = seg.children.at(-1);\n    if (lastChild?.type !== \"field\") {\n      return;\n    }\n    const lastField = lastChild as Field;\n    if (isEmptyNode(lastField)) {\n      seg.children.pop();\n    }\n  }\n\n  return { processToken, finalize, root };\n}\n\n// Sync convenience wrapper over a sync Iterable token source\nexport function parseHL7v2FromIterator(\n  tokens: Iterable<Token>,\n  ctx: ParserContext\n): Root {\n  const core = createParserCore(ctx);\n  for (const tok of tokens) {\n    core.processToken(tok);\n  }\n  return core.finalize();\n}\n","// src/tokenizer.ts\nimport type { Delimiters } from \"@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-ast\";\nimport type {\n  ParserContext,\n  Position,\n  Token,\n  Tokenizer,\n  TokenType,\n} from \"./types\";\n\nconst MSH_SEGMENT_START = 0;\nconst MSH_SEGMENT_END = 3;\nconst MSH_FIELD_SEPERATOR_START = 3;\nconst MSH_FIELD_SEPERATOR_END = 4;\nconst MSH_FIELD_DELIMITER_START = 4;\nconst MSH_FIELD_DELIMITER_END = 8;\n\nexport class HL7v2Tokenizer implements Tokenizer, Iterable<Token> {\n  private input = \"\";\n  private i = 0;\n  private line = 1;\n  private col = 1;\n  private delims!: Delimiters;\n\n  // Only-run-once MSH bootstrap at the start of the file\n  private didMshBootstrap = false;\n  private pendingBootstrap: null | Array<\n    | { kind: \"TEXT\"; value: string; advance: 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[createSubcomponent(start)] : [],\n    position: { start, end: start },\n  };\n}\n\n// Helper to create a field repetition (with or without children based on mode)\nfunction createFieldRepetition(\n  start: Position[\"start\"],\n  mode: \"legacy\" | \"empty\"\n): FieldRepetition {\n  return {\n    type: \"field-repetition\",\n    children: mode === \"legacy\" ? [createComponent(start, mode)] : [],\n    position: { start, end: start },\n  };\n}\n\n// Helper to create a field (with or without children based on mode)\nfunction createField(\n  start: Position[\"start\"],\n  mode: \"legacy\" | \"empty\"\n): Field {\n  return {\n    type: \"field\",\n    children: mode === \"legacy\" ? [createFieldRepetition(start, mode)] : [],\n    position: { start, end: start },\n  };\n}\n\n// Shared core: process a single token into mutable parse state\nfunction createParserCore(ctx: ParserContext) {\n  const mode = ctx.settings.experimental.emptyMode;\n  const root: Root = {\n    type: \"root\",\n    children: [],\n    data: {\n      delimiters: ctx.delimiters,\n    },\n  };\n\n  let seg: Segment | null = null;\n  let field: Field | null = null;\n  let rep: FieldRepetition | null = null;\n  let comp: Component | null = null;\n  let currentSub: Subcomponent | null = null;\n  let segmentHasContent = false;\n  let lastContentEnd: Position[\"end\"] | null = null;\n  let documentEnd: Position[\"end\"] | null = null; // Track document-level end position\n  let expectingSegmentName = true; // Start expecting a segment name\n  let justSetSegmentName = false; // Track if we just set the segment name\n  let rootStartSet = false; // Track if we've set the root start position\n\n  const resetState = () => {\n    seg = null;\n    field = null;\n    rep = null;\n    comp = null;\n    currentSub = null;\n    segmentHasContent = false;\n    lastContentEnd = null;\n    expectingSegmentName = true;\n  };\n\n  const openSegment = (name: string, position: Position) => {\n    const header: SegmentHeader = {\n      type: \"segment-header\",\n      value: name,\n      position: { ...position },\n    };\n    seg = {\n      type: \"segment\",\n      children: [header],\n      position: { start: position.start, end: position.end },\n    };\n    root.children.push(seg);\n    // Reset field-level state\n    field = null;\n    rep = null;\n    comp = null;\n    currentSub = null;\n    segmentHasContent = false;\n    justSetSegmentName = true;\n    expectingSegmentName = false;\n  };\n\n  const openField = (start: Position[\"start\"]) => {\n    if (!seg) {\n      throw new Error(\n        \"Cannot open field without an active segment. TEXT token with segment name must precede field content.\"\n      );\n    }\n    field = createField(start, mode);\n    seg.children.push(field);\n    if (mode === \"legacy\") {\n      rep = field.children[0] ?? null;\n      comp = rep?.children[0] ?? null;\n      currentSub = comp?.children[0] ?? null;\n    } else {\n      rep = null;\n      comp = null;\n      currentSub = null;\n    }\n    segmentHasContent = true;\n  };\n\n  const openRepetition = (start: Position[\"start\"]) => {\n    if (!field) {\n      openField(start);\n      // In empty-array mode, openField creates empty field\n      // We need to add an empty first repetition before the delimiter\n      if (mode === \"empty\") {\n        const emptyRep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);\n        field!.children.push(emptyRep);\n      }\n      // Fall through to create the repetition after the delimiter\n    }\n    // In empty-array mode, if field has no children yet, add empty first rep\n    if (mode === \"empty\" && field!.children.length === 0) {\n      const emptyRep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);\n      field!.children.push(emptyRep);\n    }\n    rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);\n    field!.children.push(rep);\n    if (mode === \"legacy\") {\n      comp = rep.children[0] ?? null;\n      currentSub = comp?.children[0] ?? null;\n    } else {\n      comp = null;\n      currentSub = null;\n    }\n    segmentHasContent = true;\n  };\n\n  // Ensure there's a component to add subcomponents to (for SUBCOMP_DELIM)\n  // Does NOT add empty sibling components\n  const ensureComponent = (start: Position[\"start\"]) => {\n    if (!field) {\n      openField(start);\n    }\n    if (!rep) {\n      rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);\n      field!.children.push(rep);\n    }\n    if (!comp) {\n      comp = createComponent(start, mode);\n      rep.children.push(comp);\n    }\n    segmentHasContent = true;\n  };\n\n  // Handle COMPONENT_DELIM - adds empty component before delimiter if needed\n  const openComponent = (start: Position[\"start\"]) => {\n    if (!field) {\n      openField(start);\n      // In empty-array mode, openField creates empty field\n      // We need to create rep and add empty first component\n      if (mode === \"empty\") {\n        rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);\n        field!.children.push(rep);\n        const emptyComp = createComponent(start, mode);\n        rep.children.push(emptyComp);\n      }\n      // Fall through to create the component after the delimiter\n    }\n    if (!rep) {\n      rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);\n      field!.children.push(rep);\n      // In empty-array mode, need to add empty first component before the delimiter\n      if (mode === \"empty\") {\n        const emptyComp = createComponent(start, mode);\n        rep.children.push(emptyComp);\n      }\n    } else if (mode === \"empty\" && rep.children.length === 0) {\n      // If rep exists but has no children, add empty first component\n      const emptyComp = createComponent(start, mode);\n      rep.children.push(emptyComp);\n    }\n    comp = createComponent(start, mode);\n    rep.children.push(comp);\n    if (mode === \"legacy\") {\n      currentSub = comp.children[0] ?? null;\n    } else {\n      currentSub = null;\n    }\n    segmentHasContent = true;\n  };\n\n  const ensureForText = (start: Position[\"start\"]) => {\n    if (!field) {\n      openField(start);\n      if (mode === \"legacy\") {\n        return; // Everything is already set up by openField in legacy mode\n      }\n      // In empty-array mode, openField created empty field, need to build structure\n    }\n    if (!rep) {\n      if (mode === \"legacy\") {\n        openRepetition(start);\n        return; // Everything is already set up by openRepetition in legacy mode\n      }\n      // In empty-array mode, need to create repetition\n      rep = createFieldRepetition(start, mode);\n      field!.children.push(rep);\n    }\n    if (!comp) {\n      if (mode === \"legacy\") {\n        openComponent(start);\n        return; // Everything is already set up by openComponent in legacy mode\n      }\n      // In empty-array mode, need to create component\n      comp = createComponent(start, mode);\n      rep!.children.push(comp);\n    }\n    if (!currentSub) {\n      currentSub = createSubcomponent(start);\n      comp!.children.push(currentSub);\n      segmentHasContent = true;\n    }\n  };\n\n  const updatePositionsToEnd = (endPos: Position[\"end\"]) => {\n    if (currentSub?.position) {\n      currentSub.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n    if (comp?.position) {\n      comp.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n    if (rep?.position) {\n      rep.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n    if (field?.position) {\n      field.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n    if (seg?.position) {\n      seg.position.end = endPos;\n    }\n  };\n\n  const processToken = (tok: Token) => {\n    switch (tok.type) {\n      case \"SEGMENT_END\": {\n        // Use the last content position instead of the segment delimiter position\n        const endPos = lastContentEnd || tok.position.start;\n        updatePositionsToEnd(endPos);\n        dropTrailingEmptyFieldIfPresent();\n        resetState();\n        return;\n      }\n      case \"FIELD_DELIM\": {\n        lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        documentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        // Skip the first field delimiter after setting segment name (it separates segment name from fields)\n        if (justSetSegmentName) {\n          justSetSegmentName = false;\n          return;\n        }\n        // Leading field delimiter implies an empty first field\n        if (!field) {\n          // Open an empty first field (already has empty subcomponent from openField)\n          openField(tok.position.start);\n        }\n        openField(tok.position.end);\n        return;\n      }\n      case \"REPETITION_DELIM\": {\n        lastContentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        documentEnd = tok.position.end;\n        if 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package/dist/parser.d.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { Root } from "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-ast";
 import type { Plugin } from "unified";
 import type { ParseOptions } from "./types";
-export declare function parseHL7v2(input: string, opts: ParseOptions): Root;
+export declare function parseHL7v2(input: string, opts?: ParseOptions): Root;
 declare const hl7v2Parser: Plugin<[ParseOptions?], string, Root>;
 export default hl7v2Parser;

package/dist/processor.d.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+/** biome-ignore-all lint/complexity/noExcessiveCognitiveComplexity: there are complex logic */
+/** biome-ignore-all lint/style/noNonNullAssertion: the processor uses non-null assertions */
 import type { Root } from "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-ast";
 import type { ParserContext, Token } from "./types";
 export declare function parseHL7v2FromIterator(tokens: Iterable<Token>, ctx: ParserContext): Root;

package/dist/types.d.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,27 @@
 import type { Delimiters } from "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-ast";
+import type { HL7v2Settings } from "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-config";
 export type PreprocessorStep = (ctx: ParserContext) => ParserContext;
 export type ParseOptions = {
+    /**
+     * Custom delimiters to use instead of the HL7 standard defaults.
+     */
     delimiters?: Partial<Delimiters>;
+    /**
+     * Optional preprocessing steps to apply to the input before parsing.
+     */
     preprocess?: PreprocessorStep[];
+    /**
+     * Feature flags for experimental parser behaviors.
+     *
+     * This API is experimental and may change in future releases.
+     */
+    settings?: HL7v2Settings;
 };
 export type ParserContext = {
     input: string;
     delimiters: Delimiters;
     metadata?: Record<string, unknown>;
+    settings: HL7v2Settings;
 };
 export type Position = {
     start: {

package/package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "name": "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-parser",
   "description": "hl7v2 plugin to parse hl7v2 messages",
-  "version": "0.3.3",
+  "version": "0.4.0",
   "license": "MIT",
   "author": {
     "name": "Melek Somai",
@@ -17,18 +17,22 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "unified": "11.0.5",
-    "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-utils": "0.3.3"
+    "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-utils": "0.4.0",
+    "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-config": "0.4.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@types/node": "24.10.0",
+    "@types/node": "24.10.1",
     "@types/unist": "^3.0.3",
-    "@vitest/coverage-v8": "^4.0.5",
-    "tsup": "8.5.0",
+    "@vitest/coverage-v8": "4.0.14",
+    "tsup": "8.5.1",
     "typescript": "^5.9.3",
-    "vitest": "^4.0.6",
-    "@rethinkhealth/tsconfig": "0.0.1",
-    "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-ast": "0.3.3",
-    "@rethinkhealth/testing": "0.0.2"
+    "vitest": "4.0.14",
+    "@rethinkhealth/hl7v2-ast": "0.4.0",
+    "@rethinkhealth/testing": "0.0.2",
+    "@rethinkhealth/tsconfig": "0.0.1"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18"
   },
   "repository": "rethinkhealth/hl7v2.git",
   "homepage": "https://www.rethinkhealth.io/hl7v2/docs",
@@ -40,14 +44,12 @@
     "nodejs",
     "typescript"
   ],
-  "engines": {
-    "node": ">=18"
-  },
   "packageManager": "pnpm@10.14.0",
   "publishConfig": {
     "access": "public"
   },
   "scripts": {
+    "bench": "vitest bench --run",
     "build": "tsup && tsc --emitDeclarationOnly",
     "check-types": "tsc --noEmit",
     "test": "vitest run",