@rangojs/router 0.0.0-experimental.ede38110 → 0.0.0-experimental.f2d1a2f1

package/skills/streams-and-websockets/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+---
+name: streams-and-websockets
+description: Long-lived Response handlers — Server-Sent Events (SSE) via path.stream and WebSocket upgrades via path.any on Cloudflare Workers, including middleware interaction and runtime caveats.
+argument-hint: "[sse | websocket | agents]"
+---
+
+# Streams and WebSockets
+
+Response routes can return long-lived responses — SSE streams and WebSocket
+upgrades. Both require a `Response` that the router must forward through the
+middleware chain without reconstruction.
+
+## When each fits
+
+| Shape       | Tag             | Status | Body                            | Runtime                          |
+| ----------- | --------------- | ------ | ------------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
+| Server-Sent | `path.stream()` | 200    | `ReadableStream` (event-stream) | any runtime (Node, workerd, bun) |
+| WebSocket   | `path.any()`    | 101    | `null` + `webSocket` property   | Cloudflare Workers (workerd)     |
+
+- **SSE** is a regular 200 response with `content-type: text/event-stream`
+  and a `ReadableStream` body. Works everywhere, flows through middleware
+  normally.
+- **WebSocket upgrades** produce a status-101 response with a non-standard
+  `webSocket` property (Cloudflare). The router detects these and forwards
+  them without reconstruction; `Vary` and `Server-Timing` are skipped, and
+  stub headers are merged in place on a best-effort basis.
+
+## Server-Sent Events (SSE)
+
+Use `path.stream()` (or `path.any()` if you need full control) to return a
+`ReadableStream`. Each chunk is an `event-stream` frame:
+
+```typescript
+import { urls } from "@rangojs/router";
+
+export const urlpatterns = urls(({ path }) => [
+  path.stream(
+    "/events/ticks",
+    (ctx) => {
+      const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+
+      const stream = new ReadableStream({
+        async start(controller) {
+          let count = 0;
+          const interval = setInterval(() => {
+            controller.enqueue(
+              encoder.encode(`event: tick\ndata: ${++count}\n\n`),
+            );
+          }, 1000);
+
+          // Honor client disconnect — signal comes from ctx.request.signal
+          ctx.request.signal.addEventListener("abort", () => {
+            clearInterval(interval);
+            controller.close();
+          });
+        },
+      });
+
+      return new Response(stream, {
+        headers: {
+          "content-type": "text/event-stream",
+          "cache-control": "no-store",
+          // Disable proxy buffering on Nginx/Traefik deployments
+          "x-accel-buffering": "no",
+        },
+      });
+    },
+    { name: "ticks" },
+  ),
+]);
+```
+
+### Client
+
+```typescript
+"use client";
+const source = new EventSource("/events/ticks");
+source.addEventListener("tick", (e) => console.log("tick", e.data));
+```
+
+### SSE caveats
+
+- **Never wrap SSE routes in `cache()`** — a cached `ReadableStream` is read
+  once and would replay an empty body on the next hit. `path.stream` is
+  already excluded from response-route caching, but don't layer a custom
+  cache() middleware on top.
+- **Middleware is fine.** Global/route middleware rewraps the SSE `Response`
+  as `new Response(response.body, { status, headers })` to merge stub headers.
+  The `ReadableStream` body is passed by reference, not consumed, so the
+  client sees the stream unchanged. (WebSocket upgrades are the exception —
+  those bypass rewrap entirely; see below.)
+- **Honor `ctx.request.signal`.** Without wiring abort to your source
+  (timer, DB cursor, upstream fetch), the stream leaks when the client
+  disconnects.
+- **Disable Nginx/CDN buffering** via `x-accel-buffering: no` and ensure
+  no intermediate proxy rebuffers. On Cloudflare Workers this is a non-issue.
+
+## WebSockets (Cloudflare Workers)
+
+WebSocket upgrades on workerd produce a response with `status: 101` and a
+non-standard `webSocket` property. The router detects this shape and forwards
+the `Response` without reconstruction — the 101 status and the `webSocket`
+property are preserved. `Vary` and `Server-Timing` writes are skipped, and
+stub-header merging (cookies/custom headers set via `ctx.header()` or
+`cookies().set()`) is best-effort: the router attempts to apply them in
+place, but silently skips any write rejected by a runtime that exposes
+immutable upgrade headers.
+
+### Minimal upgrade handler
+
+```typescript
+import { urls } from "@rangojs/router";
+
+export const urlpatterns = urls(({ path }) => [
+  path.any(
+    "/ws",
+    (ctx) => {
+      // Manual WebSocketPair on workerd
+      const upgrade = ctx.request.headers.get("upgrade");
+      if (upgrade !== "websocket") {
+        return new Response("expected upgrade: websocket", { status: 426 });
+      }
+
+      const { 0: client, 1: server } = new WebSocketPair();
+      server.accept();
+      server.addEventListener("message", (e) => {
+        server.send(`echo: ${e.data}`);
+      });
+
+      return new Response(null, {
+        status: 101,
+        webSocket: client,
+      } as ResponseInit);
+    },
+    { name: "ws" },
+  ),
+]);
+```
+
+### Durable Object pattern
+
+Route into a Durable Object that owns the connection:
+
+```typescript
+export const urlpatterns = urls(({ path }) => [
+  path.any(
+    "/rooms/:roomId",
+    async (ctx) => {
+      const id = ctx.env.ROOMS.idFromName(ctx.params.roomId);
+      const stub = ctx.env.ROOMS.get(id);
+      // The DO's fetch handler calls handleWebSocketUpgrade(request)
+      // and returns the 101 Response. We forward it unchanged.
+      return stub.fetch(ctx.request);
+    },
+    { name: "room" },
+  ),
+]);
+```
+
+### Using the `agents` library
+
+`routeAgentRequest` from `agents` returns a 101 `Response` targeted at a
+Durable Object. Return it directly from `path.any()`:
+
+```typescript
+import { routeAgentRequest } from "agents";
+import { urls } from "@rangojs/router";
+
+export const urlpatterns = urls(({ path }) => [
+  path.any("/agents/*", async (ctx) => {
+    const response = await routeAgentRequest(ctx.request, ctx.env);
+    if (!response) {
+      return new Response("not found", { status: 404 });
+    }
+    return response;
+  }),
+]);
+```
+
+## Middleware interaction
+
+### Forwarded, not reconstructed
+
+When a middleware is matched for the upgrade URL, the middleware still runs
+**before** `next()` — but the Response from `next()` is forwarded as-is
+rather than re-wrapped. This preserves:
+
+- The 101 status (which would otherwise throw `RangeError: Responses may
+only be constructed with status codes in the range 200 to 599, inclusive`
+  on standards-compliant runtimes).
+- The Cloudflare `webSocket` property (which would otherwise be silently
+  dropped by `new Response(body, ...)` on workerd).
+
+```typescript
+// This works — logger runs, but the 101 flows through unchanged.
+router.use(async (ctx, next) => {
+  console.log("ws request", ctx.url.pathname);
+  return next();
+});
+```
+
+### Don't try to set cookies on an upgrade
+
+Stub cookie/header writes made before `await next()` are applied to the
+upgrade response on a best-effort basis — the router attempts an in-place
+merge and skips any write rejected by runtimes that expose immutable 101
+headers. Either way, a browser completing a WS handshake never reads them.
+Do not rely on this for auth or state propagation: set cookies via a prior
+HTTP request instead (e.g. during login), then read them at upgrade time
+via `ctx.request.headers.get("cookie")`.
+
+```typescript
+// Avoid: this cookie may not land on the upgrade response, and the client
+// never reads it during the handshake regardless.
+router.use(async (ctx, next) => {
+  cookies().set("last-ws-at", Date.now().toString());
+  return next();
+});
+
+// Prefer: authenticate by reading a cookie set on a prior HTTP request.
+path.any("/ws", (ctx) => {
+  const session = parseCookie(ctx.request.headers.get("cookie"))?.session;
+  if (!verify(session)) return new Response("unauthorized", { status: 401 });
+  // ...upgrade
+});
+```
+
+### Short-circuit before upgrade
+
+Middleware can return a non-101 Response to deny the upgrade outright:
+
+```typescript
+router.use(async (ctx, next) => {
+  if (!isAllowed(ctx.request)) {
+    return new Response("forbidden", { status: 403 });
+  }
+  return next();
+});
+```
+
+## Caching
+
+- **SSE** — do not combine with `cache()` (streams can't be replayed).
+- **WebSocket** — `cache()` is inert because only `status === 200` is cacheable.
+
+## Runtime caveats
+
+| Runtime                                | SSE | WebSocket upgrade (101)                              |
+| -------------------------------------- | --- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
+| Cloudflare Workers (workerd)           | OK  | OK (native `WebSocketPair`, DO, `agents`)            |
+| Node (undici fetch)                    | OK  | N/A — Node's HTTP server must upgrade                |
+| Bun                                    | OK  | Bun's native `upgrade()` — not a Response-based path |
+| Dev (Vite + `@cloudflare/vite-plugin`) | OK  | OK via workerd emulation                             |
+
+When running in pure Node without workerd, a `status: 101` Response cannot
+even be constructed (`new Response(null, { status: 101 })` throws). For
+tests, fabricate upgrade-style responses by overriding `.status` on a real
+Response instance:
+
+```typescript
+const upgrade = new Response(null, { status: 200 });
+Object.defineProperty(upgrade, "status", { value: 101, configurable: true });
+// optional: attach a webSocket stub
+Object.defineProperty(upgrade, "webSocket", {
+  value: { stub: "ws" },
+  configurable: true,
+  enumerable: true,
+});
+```
+
+## Testing
+
+- Unit tests: `isWebSocketUpgradeResponse` and `executeMiddleware` passthrough
+  cases live in `src/rsc/__tests__/helpers.test.ts` and
+  `src/router/middleware.test.ts`.
+- E2E: cover both dev and production modes against a workerd target. SSE
+  can be tested on any runtime; WS upgrades need workerd (use
+  `@cloudflare/vite-plugin` or `wrangler dev`).
+
+## See also
+
+- `response-routes` — the parent skill for `path.json/text/html/stream/any`.
+- `middleware` — how global and route-level middleware compose with handlers.

package/skills/typesafety/SKILL.md

@@ -462,9 +462,11 @@ export const ProductLoader = createLoader(async (ctx) => {
 });
 
 // Built-in Breadcrumbs — or any custom handle created with createHandle()
+```
 
+```tsx
 // Client component — typeof infers all generics
-("use client");
+"use client";
 import { useLoader, useHandle, type Breadcrumbs } from "@rangojs/router/client";
 import type { ProductLoader } from "../loaders";
 

package/src/browser/app-shell.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import type { ComponentType, ReactNode } from "react";
+
+/**
+ * App-shell metadata: the set of per-router fields that describe the
+ * "envelope" around the current app's segment tree. These fields are set
+ * from the initial RSC payload and must be replaced atomically when the
+ * client navigates into a different router (app switch).
+ *
+ * Intentionally NOT part of the shell (all document-lifetime):
+ * - themeConfig / initialTheme: ThemeProvider is mounted above the segment
+ *   tree and must not remount on smooth transitions.
+ * - warmupEnabled: attached to the NavigationProvider's lifetime effect;
+ *   toggling it mid-session would tear down and restart idle listeners.
+ *   Also not serialized on every full-render path (e.g. the not-found
+ *   fallback), so carrying it here would be unreliable.
+ * - prefetchCacheTTL: the not-found full-render payload does not serialize
+ *   it, so a cross-app nav into a 404 would silently erase the setting.
+ *   Mutable shell fields must be serialized on EVERY full-render path,
+ *   otherwise absent fields are indistinguishable from "new app has no
+ *   value" and the old app's value is dropped.
+ *
+ * A new document navigation (hard reload) applies these fields from the
+ * target app's initial payload.
+ */
+export interface AppShell {
+  /** Router identity. Used to namespace per-app client state (e.g. the
+   *  rango-state localStorage key) so sibling apps on the same origin
+   *  cannot observe each other's cache invalidations. */
+  routerId?: string;
+  rootLayout?: ComponentType<{ children: ReactNode }>;
+  basename?: string;
+  version?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Mutable container for the active app shell. Read-through via `get()` so
+ * closures capture the ref, not the shell, and pick up updates at call time.
+ */
+export interface AppShellRef {
+  get(): AppShell;
+  update(next: AppShell): void;
+}
+
+export function createAppShellRef(initial: AppShell): AppShellRef {
+  let current = initial;
+  return {
+    get: () => current,
+    update: (next) => {
+      current = next;
+    },
+  };
+}

package/src/browser/navigation-bridge.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import type {
   ResolvedSegment,
 } from "./types.js";
 import { setAppVersion } from "./app-version.js";
+import { setRangoStateLocal } from "./rango-state.js";
+import type { AppShell, AppShellRef } from "./app-shell.js";
 import * as React from "react";
 import { startTransition } from "react";
 import {
@@ -48,8 +50,13 @@ export { createNavigationTransaction };
  */
 export interface NavigationBridgeConfigWithController extends NavigationBridgeConfig {
   eventController: EventController;
-  /** RSC version from initial payload metadata */
+  /** RSC version from initial payload metadata (fallback when appShellRef is not provided) */
   version?: string;
+  /**
+   * Live app-shell ref. When supplied, the bridge reads version/basename
+   * from this ref so cross-app navigations propagate correctly.
+   */
+  appShellRef?: AppShellRef;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -68,9 +75,46 @@ export interface NavigationBridgeConfigWithController extends NavigationBridgeCo
 export function createNavigationBridge(
   config: NavigationBridgeConfigWithController,
 ): NavigationBridge {
-  const { store, client, eventController, onUpdate, renderSegments } = config;
+  const {
+    store,
+    client,
+    eventController,
+    onUpdate,
+    renderSegments,
+    appShellRef,
+  } = config;
   let version = config.version;
 
+  /**
+   * Replace the active app-shell snapshot atomically. Called by the partial
+   * updater when a response's routerId indicates the navigation crossed
+   * into a different app. Runs the local-only side-effects tied to
+   * app-shell fields (app version, rango-state namespace) so the new app
+   * owns them after the swap. Theme, warmup, and prefetch TTL are
+   * document-lifetime and are NOT touched here.
+   */
+  function applyAppShell(next: AppShell): void {
+    if (appShellRef) {
+      appShellRef.update(next);
+    }
+    if (next.version !== undefined) {
+      version = next.version;
+      setAppVersion(next.version);
+      // Use the local-only setter — initRangoState writes the shared
+      // localStorage key and fires a storage event in other tabs still in
+      // the old app. setRangoStateLocal only mutates this tab's in-memory
+      // cache and rebinds it to the target app's routerId-scoped key,
+      // preserving the "local-only, no broadcast/rotation" contract for
+      // smooth app-switch transitions.
+      setRangoStateLocal(next.version, next.routerId);
+    }
+    // Cross-app: prior cache entries belong to a different app's segments.
+    // Drop them locally only — do NOT broadcast invalidation or rotate the
+    // shared X-Rango-State token, since other tabs still in the old app are
+    // unaffected by this tab's transition.
+    store.clearHistoryCacheLocal();
+  }
+
   // Create shared partial updater
   const fetchPartialUpdate = createPartialUpdater({
     store,
@@ -78,6 +122,7 @@ export function createNavigationBridge(
     onUpdate,
     renderSegments,
     getVersion: () => version,
+    applyAppShell,
   });
 
   return {
@@ -664,6 +709,10 @@ export function createNavigationBridge(
       setAppVersion(newVersion);
       store.clearHistoryCache();
     },
+
+    updateAppShell(next: AppShell): void {
+      applyAppShell(next);
+    },
   };
 }
 

package/src/browser/navigation-client.ts

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
 } from "./response-adapter.js";
 import {
   buildPrefetchKey,
+  buildSourceKey,
   consumeInflightPrefetch,
   consumePrefetch,
 } from "./prefetch/cache.js";
@@ -30,8 +31,10 @@ import {
  * deserializing the response using the RSC runtime.
  *
  * Checks the in-memory prefetch cache before making a network request.
- * The cache key is source-dependent (includes the previous URL) so
- * prefetch responses match the exact diff the server would produce.
+ * Tries the source-scoped key first (populated when the server tagged
+ * the response as source-sensitive via `X-RSC-Prefetch-Scope: source`)
+ * and falls back to the Rango-state-keyed wildcard slot used for the
+ * common source-agnostic case.
  *
  * @param deps - RSC browser dependencies (createFromFetch)
  * @returns NavigationClient instance
@@ -93,17 +96,19 @@ export function createNavigationClient(
         fetchUrl.searchParams.set("_rsc_rid", routerId);
       }
 
-      // Check completed in-memory prefetch cache before making a network request.
-      // The cache key includes the source URL (previousUrl) because the
-      // server's diff response depends on the source page context.
+      // Check completed in-memory prefetch cache before making a network
+      // request. Try the source-scoped key first (populated when the server
+      // tagged the prefetch response as source-sensitive, e.g. intercepts,
+      // or when a Link opted in with `prefetchKey=":source"`), then fall
+      // back to the wildcard slot shared across source pages.
+      // Both keys embed the Rango state, so state rotation (deploy or
+      // server-action invalidation) auto-invalidates both scopes.
       // Skip cache for stale revalidation (needs fresh data), HMR (needs
       // fresh modules), and intercept contexts (source-dependent responses).
-      //
       const canUsePrefetch = !staleRevalidation && !hmr && !interceptSourceUrl;
-      const cacheKey = buildPrefetchKey(previousUrl, fetchUrl);
-      // Wildcard key matches prefetch entries stored with a custom prefetchKey
-      // (Link's prefetchKey prop stores under "*" instead of the source URL).
-      const wildcardKey = "*\0" + fetchUrl.pathname + fetchUrl.search;
+      const rangoState = getRangoState();
+      const wildcardKey = buildPrefetchKey(rangoState, fetchUrl);
+      const cacheKey = buildSourceKey(rangoState, previousUrl, fetchUrl);
 
       let cachedResponse: Response | null = null;
       let hitKey: string | null = null;
@@ -244,6 +249,7 @@ export function createNavigationClient(
             wildcard: hitKey === wildcardKey,
           });
         }
+        const adoptedViaWildcard = hitKey === wildcardKey;
         responsePromise = inflightResponsePromise.then(async (response) => {
           if (!response) {
             if (tx) {
@@ -252,6 +258,23 @@ export function createNavigationClient(
             return doFreshFetch();
           }
 
+          // Cross-source safety: an inflight promise adopted via the
+          // wildcard key may turn out to be source-scoped (server emitted
+          // `X-RSC-Prefetch-Scope: source`), which means it was built for
+          // a different source page. Discard and refetch.
+          if (
+            adoptedViaWildcard &&
+            response.headers.get("x-rsc-prefetch-scope") === "source"
+          ) {
+            if (tx) {
+              browserDebugLog(
+                tx,
+                "wildcard inflight turned out source-scoped, refetching",
+              );
+            }
+            return doFreshFetch();
+          }
+
           const validated = validateRscHeaders(response, "inflight prefetch");
           if (validated instanceof Promise) return validated;
 

package/src/browser/navigation-store.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ import type {
   ActionStateListener,
   HandleData,
 } from "./types.js";
-import { clearPrefetchCache } from "./prefetch/cache.js";
+import {
+  clearPrefetchCache,
+  clearPrefetchCacheLocal,
+} from "./prefetch/cache.js";
 
 /**
  * Default action state (idle with no payload)
@@ -335,6 +338,18 @@ export function createNavigationStore(
     clearPrefetchCache();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Drop this tab's navigation + prefetch caches without broadcasting or
+   * rotating shared state. Used when the local session changes in a way that
+   * doesn't affect other tabs — e.g. this tab crosses into a different app
+   * via a cross-router navigation. Other tabs in the old app keep their
+   * caches and their X-Rango-State token.
+   */
+  function clearCacheInternalLocal(): void {
+    historyCache.length = 0;
+    clearPrefetchCacheLocal();
+  }
+
   /**
    * Mark all cache entries as stale (internal - does not broadcast)
    */
@@ -668,6 +683,15 @@ export function createNavigationStore(
       clearCacheAndBroadcast();
     },
 
+    /**
+     * Drop this tab's navigation + prefetch caches locally without
+     * broadcasting or rotating shared state. Intended for cross-app
+     * transitions where the session state diverges for this tab only.
+     */
+    clearHistoryCacheLocal(): void {
+      clearCacheInternalLocal();
+    },
+
     /**
      * Mark cache as stale and broadcast to other tabs
      * Called after server actions - allows SWR pattern for popstate

package/src/browser/partial-update.ts

@@ -41,6 +41,13 @@ export interface PartialUpdateConfig {
   ) => Promise<ReactNode> | ReactNode;
   /** RSC version getter — returns the current version (may change after HMR) */
   getVersion?: () => string | undefined;
+  /**
+   * Replace the active app-shell when a cross-app navigation is detected.
+   * Called before the full-update tree replacement renders, so the new
+   * payload's rootLayout, basename, and version are picked up. Theme,
+   * warmup, and prefetch TTL are not part of the shell — see AppShell.
+   */
+  applyAppShell?: (next: import("./app-shell.js").AppShell) => void;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -110,6 +117,7 @@ export function createPartialUpdater(
     onUpdate,
     renderSegments,
     getVersion = () => undefined,
+    applyAppShell,
   } = config;
 
   /**
@@ -228,7 +236,12 @@ export function createPartialUpdater(
     // Detect app switch: if routerId changed, the navigation crossed into
     // a different router (e.g., via host router path mount). Downgrade
     // partial to full so the entire tree is replaced without reconciliation
-    // against stale segments from the previous app.
+    // against stale segments from the previous app, and replace the app
+    // shell (rootLayout, basename, version) so the target app's document
+    // and router config take effect instead of remaining captured from the
+    // initial load. Theme, warmup, and prefetch TTL are intentionally
+    // document-lifetime (see AppShell doc); a new document navigation
+    // applies them.
     if (payload.metadata?.routerId) {
       const prevRouterId = store.getRouterId?.();
       if (prevRouterId && prevRouterId !== payload.metadata.routerId) {
@@ -236,6 +249,12 @@ export function createPartialUpdater(
           `[Browser] App switch detected (${prevRouterId} → ${payload.metadata.routerId}), forcing full update`,
         );
         payload.metadata.isPartial = false;
+        applyAppShell?.({
+          routerId: payload.metadata.routerId,
+          rootLayout: payload.metadata.rootLayout,
+          basename: payload.metadata.basename,
+          version: payload.metadata.version,
+        });
       }
       store.setRouterId?.(payload.metadata.routerId);
     }