@rangojs/router 0.0.0-experimental.e16b7c00 → 0.0.0-experimental.e9c0b2f2

package/src/browser/prefetch/cache.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 /**
  * Prefetch Cache
  *
- * In-memory cache storing prefetched Response objects for instant cache hits
- * on subsequent navigation. Two key scopes are in play:
+ * In-memory cache storing eagerly-decoded prefetch payloads for instant,
+ * already-warm cache hits on subsequent navigation. A prefetch fetches the
+ * RSC partial AND decodes it (createFromFetch) up front — decoding the Flight
+ * stream resolves the route's client references, so the route's JS chunks are
+ * imported during prefetch rather than on click. The decoded payload is reused
+ * verbatim by navigation, so a prefetched click loads no new code. Two key
+ * scopes are in play:
  * - Wildcard (default): built by `buildPrefetchKey(rangoState, target)` —
  *   shape `rangoState\0/target?...`. Shared across all source pages and
  *   invalidated automatically when Rango state bumps (deploy or
@@ -17,8 +22,8 @@
  *   from other pages.
  *
  * Also tracks in-flight prefetch promises. Each promise resolves to the
- * navigation branch of a tee'd Response, allowing navigation to adopt a
- * still-downloading prefetch without reparsing or buffering the body. A
+ * decoded prefetch entry (or null), letting navigation adopt a
+ * still-downloading prefetch without issuing a duplicate request. A
  * single promise can be registered under multiple alias keys (see
  * `setInflightPromiseWithAliases`) so same-source navigations adopt via
  * their source key while cross-source ones fall through to the wildcard
@@ -26,14 +31,42 @@
  *
  * Replaces the previous browser HTTP cache approach which was unreliable
  * due to response draining race conditions and browser inconsistencies.
+ *
+ * State here lives in module-level singletons (cache, inflight, generation,
+ * cacheTTL, etc.) rather than a per-instance factory. This is correct because
+ * exactly one router is live per document — an SPA navigation crossing a
+ * host-router boundary forces a full document reload — so the singletons are
+ * effectively per-document. Unit tests reset them via clearPrefetchCache().
  */
 
 import { abortAllPrefetches } from "./queue.js";
 import { invalidateRangoState } from "../rango-state.js";
+import type { RscPayload } from "../types.js";
+
+/**
+ * A prefetch that has been fetched AND eagerly decoded. Storing the decoded
+ * payload (not the raw Response) is what makes a prefetched navigation "warm":
+ * decoding the Flight stream during prefetch pulls the route's client chunks,
+ * so the click reuses ready elements and loads no new JS.
+ */
+export interface DecodedPrefetch {
+  /** The eagerly-decoded RSC payload. Reused verbatim by navigation. */
+  payload: Promise<RscPayload>;
+  /**
+   * Resolves when the underlying RSC stream finishes draining. Navigation
+   * forwards this as its streamComplete so scroll/revalidation gating is
+   * unchanged from the fresh-fetch path.
+   */
+  streamComplete: Promise<void>;
+  /**
+   * Prefetch scope as tagged by the server via `X-RSC-Prefetch-Scope`.
+   * `"source"` means the response is source-page-sensitive and must not be
+   * reused by a navigation from a different page — navigation enforces this
+   * when it adopted an inflight entry through the wildcard key.
+   */
+  scope: "source" | "wildcard";
+}
 
-// Default TTL: 5 minutes. Overridden by initPrefetchCache() with
-// the server-configured prefetchCacheTTL from router options.
-// 0 disables the in-memory cache entirely.
 let cacheTTL = 300_000;
 
 /**
@@ -55,31 +88,19 @@ export function isPrefetchCacheDisabled(): boolean {
 const MAX_PREFETCH_CACHE_SIZE = 50;
 
 interface PrefetchCacheEntry {
-  response: Response;
+  entry: DecodedPrefetch;
   timestamp: number;
 }
 
 const cache = new Map<string, PrefetchCacheEntry>();
 const inflight = new Set<string>();
 
-/**
- * In-flight promise map. When a prefetch fetch is in progress, its
- * Promise<Response | null> is stored here so navigation can await
- * it instead of starting a duplicate request.
- */
-const inflightPromises = new Map<string, Promise<Response | null>>();
+const inflightPromises = new Map<string, Promise<DecodedPrefetch | null>>();
 
-/**
- * Alias map for in-flight promises registered under multiple keys (see
- * dual inflight in prefetch/fetch.ts). Records each key's sibling set so
- * that consuming or clearing any one key atomically removes every alias —
- * guaranteeing a single consumer for the shared Response stream.
- */
 const inflightAliases = new Map<string, string[]>();
 
-// Generation counter incremented on each clearPrefetchCache(). Fetches that
-// started before a clear carry a stale generation and must not store their
-// response (the data may be stale due to a server action invalidation).
+const adoptedKeys = new Set<string>();
+
 let generation = 0;
 
 /**
@@ -152,14 +173,14 @@ export function hasPrefetch(key: string): boolean {
 }
 
 /**
- * Consume a cached prefetch response. Returns null if not found or expired.
- * One-time consumption: the entry is deleted after retrieval.
+ * Consume a cached, eagerly-decoded prefetch. Returns null if not found or
+ * expired. One-time consumption: the entry is deleted after retrieval.
  * Returns null when caching is disabled (TTL <= 0).
  *
  * Does NOT check in-flight prefetches — use consumeInflightPrefetch()
- * for that (returns a Promise instead of a Response).
+ * for that (returns a Promise instead of a resolved entry).
  */
-export function consumePrefetch(key: string): Response | null {
+export function consumePrefetch(key: string): DecodedPrefetch | null {
   if (cacheTTL <= 0) return null;
   const entry = cache.get(key);
   if (!entry) return null;
@@ -168,13 +189,14 @@ export function consumePrefetch(key: string): Response | null {
     return null;
   }
   cache.delete(key);
-  return entry.response;
+  return entry.entry;
 }
 
 /**
  * Consume an in-flight prefetch promise. Returns null if no prefetch is
- * in-flight for this key. The returned Promise resolves to the buffered
- * Response (or null if the fetch failed/was aborted).
+ * in-flight for this key. The returned Promise resolves to the decoded
+ * prefetch entry (or null if the fetch failed/was aborted, or carried a
+ * control header the navigation must re-fetch to honor).
  *
  * One-time consumption: the promise entry is removed (along with any
  * sibling aliases registered via `setInflightPromiseWithAliases`) so a
@@ -188,38 +210,51 @@ export function consumePrefetch(key: string): Response | null {
  */
 export function consumeInflightPrefetch(
   key: string,
-): Promise<Response | null> | null {
+): Promise<DecodedPrefetch | null> | null {
   const promise = inflightPromises.get(key);
   if (!promise) return null;
   // Remove the promise under every alias so a second consumer cannot
-  // adopt the same stream and race on the body. `inflightAliases` is
-  // intentionally preserved — `clearPrefetchInflight()` in the fetch's
-  // `.finally()` still needs it to clear every inflight flag; deleting
-  // here would strand the sibling's flag forever.
-  forEachAlias(key, (k) => inflightPromises.delete(k));
+  // adopt the same stream and race on the body, and mark every alias as
+  // adopted so the pending `storePrefetch` (which resolves later, after this
+  // adoption) does not leave the now-owned, single-use entry in the cache map.
+  // `inflightAliases` is intentionally preserved — `clearPrefetchInflight()` in
+  // the fetch's `.finally()` still needs it to clear every inflight flag and
+  // adopted marker; deleting here would strand the sibling's flag forever.
+  forEachAlias(key, (k) => {
+    inflightPromises.delete(k);
+    adoptedKeys.add(k);
+  });
   return promise;
 }
 
 /**
- * Store a prefetch response in the in-memory cache.
- * The response should be a clone() of the original so the caller can
- * still consume the body. The clone's body streams independently.
+ * Store an eagerly-decoded prefetch in the in-memory cache.
  *
  * Skips storage if the generation has changed since the fetch started
  * (a server action invalidated the cache mid-flight).
  */
 export function storePrefetch(
   key: string,
-  response: Response,
+  entry: DecodedPrefetch,
   fetchGeneration: number,
 ): void {
   if (cacheTTL <= 0) return;
   if (fetchGeneration !== generation) return;
 
+  // If a navigation already adopted this prefetch's in-flight promise, it owns
+  // the single-use entry (and has drained its handle generator). Do NOT also
+  // publish it to the cache map, or a later navigation would be served the
+  // exhausted entry and lose that route's handles. Clear the marker (under all
+  // aliases) now that the decision is made.
+  if (adoptedKeys.has(key)) {
+    forEachAlias(key, (k) => adoptedKeys.delete(k));
+    return;
+  }
+
   // Evict expired entries
   const now = Date.now();
-  for (const [k, entry] of cache) {
-    if (now - entry.timestamp > cacheTTL) {
+  for (const [k, cached] of cache) {
+    if (now - cached.timestamp > cacheTTL) {
       cache.delete(k);
     }
   }
@@ -230,7 +265,24 @@ export function storePrefetch(
     if (oldest) cache.delete(oldest);
   }
 
-  cache.set(key, { response, timestamp: now });
+  cache.set(key, { entry, timestamp: now });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove a single stored prefetch entry. Used to evict an entry whose body
+ * stream stalled after headers arrived (its payload / streamComplete never
+ * settle), so future prefetches and navigation refetch instead of dedupe-ing
+ * against — and awaiting — a stuck entry.
+ *
+ * Identity-guarded: only evicts when the entry CURRENTLY stored under `key` is
+ * the exact `entry` we published. A generation check alone is insufficient —
+ * after this entry is consumed (consumePrefetch) and a fresh prefetch
+ * republishes under the SAME key in the SAME generation, a gen-only guard would
+ * delete that valid newer entry. Reference identity drops only our own stalled
+ * entry.
+ */
+export function removePrefetch(key: string, entry: DecodedPrefetch): void {
+  if (cache.get(key)?.entry === entry) cache.delete(key);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -245,12 +297,9 @@ export function markPrefetchInflight(key: string): void {
   inflight.add(key);
 }
 
-/**
- * Store the in-flight Promise for a prefetch so navigation can reuse it.
- */
 export function setInflightPromise(
   key: string,
-  promise: Promise<Response | null>,
+  promise: Promise<DecodedPrefetch | null>,
 ): void {
   inflightPromises.set(key, promise);
 }
@@ -263,7 +312,7 @@ export function setInflightPromise(
  */
 export function setInflightPromiseWithAliases(
   keys: string[],
-  promise: Promise<Response | null>,
+  promise: Promise<DecodedPrefetch | null>,
 ): void {
   for (const k of keys) {
     inflightPromises.set(k, promise);
@@ -276,39 +325,17 @@ export function clearPrefetchInflight(key: string): void {
     inflight.delete(k);
     inflightPromises.delete(k);
     inflightAliases.delete(k);
+    adoptedKeys.delete(k);
   });
 }
 
-/**
- * Invalidate all prefetch state. Called when server actions mutate data.
- * Clears the in-memory cache, cancels in-flight prefetches, and rotates
- * the Rango state key so CDN-cached responses are also invalidated.
- *
- * Uses abortAllPrefetches (hard cancel) because in-flight responses
- * may contain stale data after a mutation.
- */
 export function clearPrefetchCache(): void {
   generation++;
   inflight.clear();
   inflightPromises.clear();
   inflightAliases.clear();
+  adoptedKeys.clear();
   cache.clear();
   abortAllPrefetches();
   invalidateRangoState();
 }
-
-/**
- * Drop all in-memory prefetch state for this tab without rotating rango-state.
- *
- * Use for local-only invalidations (e.g. app switch in this tab) where
- * other tabs should NOT observe a state rotation. Unlike clearPrefetchCache,
- * does not call invalidateRangoState, so the shared X-Rango-State token
- * stays intact and siblings in the old app keep their prefetches.
- */
-export function clearPrefetchCacheLocal(): void {
-  generation++;
-  inflight.clear();
-  inflightPromises.clear();
-  cache.clear();
-  abortAllPrefetches();
-}

package/src/browser/prefetch/fetch.ts

@@ -3,12 +3,16 @@
  *
  * Fetch-based prefetch logic used by Link (hover/viewport/render strategies)
  * and useRouter().prefetch(). Sends the same headers and segment IDs as a
- * real navigation so the server returns a proper diff. The Response is fully
- * buffered and stored in an in-memory cache for instant consumption on
- * subsequent navigation.
+ * real navigation so the server returns a proper diff. The response is fetched
+ * AND eagerly decoded (createFromFetch) up front: decoding the Flight stream
+ * resolves the route's client references, so the route's JS chunks are imported
+ * during prefetch rather than on click. The decoded payload is stored in an
+ * in-memory cache and reused verbatim by navigation, so a prefetched click
+ * loads no new code.
  *
  * In-flight promises are tracked in the cache so that navigation can reuse
- * a prefetch that is still downloading instead of starting a duplicate request.
+ * a prefetch that is still downloading/decoding instead of starting a
+ * duplicate request.
  */
 
 import {
@@ -18,13 +22,51 @@ import {
   markPrefetchInflight,
   setInflightPromiseWithAliases,
   storePrefetch,
+  removePrefetch,
   clearPrefetchInflight,
   currentGeneration,
+  type DecodedPrefetch,
 } from "./cache.js";
 import { getRangoState } from "../rango-state.js";
+import { isActionFenceActive } from "../action-fence.js";
 import { enqueuePrefetch } from "./queue.js";
 import { shouldPrefetch } from "./policy.js";
 import { debugLog } from "../logging.js";
+import { teeWithCompletion, isForeignRouterId } from "../response-adapter.js";
+import type { RscPayload } from "../types.js";
+
+/**
+ * Decoder injected at app startup (see setPrefetchDecoder). This is
+ * `deps.createFromFetch` — decoupled from the RSC runtime exactly like the
+ * navigation client. Prefetch decodes through it so the route's client chunks
+ * are pulled during the prefetch, not on click.
+ */
+type PrefetchDecoder = (response: Promise<Response>) => Promise<RscPayload>;
+
+let decoder: PrefetchDecoder | null = null;
+
+/**
+ * Hard ceiling for ANY prefetch fetch (hover/direct AND queue-driven). A server
+ * that stalls leaves the fetch pending forever — its `.finally()` never runs,
+ * `clearPrefetchInflight` never fires, and `hasPrefetch(key)` stays true,
+ * permanently deduping every future prefetch of that URL. The hover path passes
+ * no signal; the queue passes its own AbortController signal that only aborts on
+ * navigation, never on a stall — so the timeout is layered on BOTH (combined
+ * with any caller signal via AbortSignal.any) and aborts the stalled fetch so it
+ * settles (rejects) and the inflight key is always released. Generous so a
+ * slow-but-live response is never cut short.
+ */
+const PREFETCH_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000;
+
+/**
+ * Wire the RSC decoder used to eagerly decode prefetched responses. Called
+ * once from initBrowserApp with the same createFromFetch the navigation client
+ * uses. Until set, prefetch warming is inert (prefetches are skipped) — the
+ * browser app always sets it before any Link can fire.
+ */
+export function setPrefetchDecoder(fn: PrefetchDecoder): void {
+  decoder = fn;
+}
 
 /**
  * Check if a URL resolves to the current page (same pathname + search).
@@ -78,41 +120,99 @@ function buildPrefetchUrl(
 }
 
 /**
- * Core prefetch fetch logic. Fetches the response, tees the body, and stores
- * one branch in the in-memory cache. The returned Promise resolves to the
- * sibling navigation branch (or null on failure) so navigation can safely
- * reuse an in-flight prefetch via consumeInflightPrefetch().
+ * Core prefetch fetch logic. Fetches the response, eagerly decodes it, and
+ * stores the decoded payload in the in-memory cache. The returned Promise
+ * resolves to the decoded entry (or null on failure / control header) so
+ * navigation can safely reuse an in-flight prefetch via
+ * consumeInflightPrefetch().
+ *
+ * Eager decode is the warming step: createFromFetch parses the Flight stream,
+ * which resolves the route's client references and imports its JS chunks. The
+ * stored payload is reused as-is by navigation, so the click loads no new code.
+ *
+ * Control headers are NOT acted on here. A speculative prefetch must never
+ * reload the page or throw a redirect — if the response carries X-RSC-Reload
+ * or X-RSC-Redirect, we drop it (resolve null) and let the real navigation
+ * re-fetch and honor it.
  *
  * Inflight + storage key selection:
  *
  * - `forceSourceScope` (Link opted in with `prefetchKey=":source"`): single
- *   inflight registration under `sourceKey`; response stored under
- *   `sourceKey`. No wildcard leak is possible.
+ *   inflight registration under `sourceKey`; entry stored under `sourceKey`.
+ *   No wildcard leak is possible.
  *
  * - Otherwise: dual inflight registration under both `wildcardKey` and
  *   `sourceKey` so same-source navigations adopt directly via their own
  *   source key. Storage key is chosen at response time from the
  *   `X-RSC-Prefetch-Scope` header — `"source"` → `sourceKey` (intercept
- *   modals etc.), anything else → `wildcardKey`. Cross-source navigations
- *   that adopted via `wildcardKey` must bail out in `navigation-client.ts`
- *   if the adopted response turns out to be source-scoped.
+ *   modals etc.), anything else → `wildcardKey`. The entry records its scope
+ *   so cross-source navigations that adopted via `wildcardKey` can bail out
+ *   in `navigation-client.ts` when the adopted entry turns out source-scoped.
  */
 function executePrefetchFetch(
   wildcardKey: string,
   sourceKey: string,
   fetchUrl: string,
   forceSourceScope: boolean,
+  expectedRouterId?: string,
   signal?: AbortSignal,
-): Promise<Response | null> {
+): Promise<DecodedPrefetch | null> {
   const gen = currentGeneration();
   const inflightKeys = forceSourceScope
     ? [sourceKey]
     : [wildcardKey, sourceKey];
   for (const k of inflightKeys) markPrefetchInflight(k);
 
-  const promise: Promise<Response | null> = fetch(fetchUrl, {
+  // Always layer a stall timeout. It covers BOTH "no response ever arrives"
+  // (strands the inflight key) AND "the body stalls after headers" (leaves a
+  // published entry whose payload/streamComplete never settle, that future
+  // prefetches dedupe against and navigation awaits forever). Applies to the
+  // hover/direct path (no caller signal) and the queue-driven path (whose caller
+  // signal only aborts on navigation, never on a stall). On fire it aborts the
+  // fetch/stream and evicts the published entry if one exists; it is NOT cleared
+  // when headers arrive (see below) — it is cleared when the stream completes, or
+  // in `.finally()` for paths that publish no streaming entry.
+  let publishedKey: string | undefined;
+  let publishedEntry: DecodedPrefetch | undefined;
+  const timeoutController = new AbortController();
+  const timeoutId: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> = setTimeout(() => {
+    timeoutController.abort();
+    // Body stalled after headers: evict the published-but-never-settling entry
+    // so future prefetches/navigation refetch. Identity-guarded (pass the exact
+    // entry) so a fresh entry republished under the same key — after this one was
+    // consumed — is NOT dropped. The abort cancels the tee (its finally resolves
+    // streamComplete) and rejects the eager decode.
+    if (publishedKey !== undefined && publishedEntry !== undefined) {
+      removePrefetch(publishedKey, publishedEntry);
+    }
+  }, PREFETCH_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS);
+  let effectiveSignal: AbortSignal;
+  if (!signal) {
+    effectiveSignal = timeoutController.signal;
+  } else if (typeof AbortSignal.any === "function") {
+    // Combine the caller's signal (navigation-abort) with the timeout so either
+    // can settle the fetch.
+    effectiveSignal = AbortSignal.any([signal, timeoutController.signal]);
+  } else {
+    // Legacy runtime without AbortSignal.any: forward the caller's abort onto the
+    // timeout controller so a single signal carries both reasons.
+    effectiveSignal = timeoutController.signal;
+    if (signal.aborted) timeoutController.abort();
+    else
+      signal.addEventListener("abort", () => timeoutController.abort(), {
+        once: true,
+      });
+  }
+
+  const promise: Promise<DecodedPrefetch | null> = fetch(fetchUrl, {
     priority: "low" as RequestPriority,
-    signal,
+    // During an action's flight the state is not rotated, so the old
+    // X-Rango-State still matches the Vary-keyed HTTP-cache entry; bypass it so
+    // a prefetch fetches fresh rather than warming the map with stale bytes (the
+    // fence's HTTP-cache-bypass requirement applies to prefetch as well as
+    // navigation fetches).
+    ...(isActionFenceActive() && { cache: "no-store" as RequestCache }),
+    signal: effectiveSignal,
     headers: {
       "X-Rango-State": getRangoState(),
       "X-RSC-Router-Client-Path": window.location.href,
@@ -120,29 +220,69 @@ function executePrefetchFetch(
     },
   })
     .then((response) => {
-      if (!response.ok) return null;
-      // Don't buffer with arrayBuffer() — that blocks until the entire
-      // body downloads, defeating streaming for slow loaders.
-      // Tee the body: one branch for navigation, one for cache storage.
-      const [navStream, cacheStream] = response.body!.tee();
-      const responseInit = {
-        headers: response.headers,
-        status: response.status,
-        statusText: response.statusText,
-      };
-      let storageKey: string;
-      if (forceSourceScope) {
-        storageKey = sourceKey;
-      } else {
-        const scope = response.headers.get("x-rsc-prefetch-scope");
-        storageKey = scope === "source" ? sourceKey : wildcardKey;
+      if (!response.ok || !decoder) return null;
+      // Control headers mean this response is stale (reload) or redirecting.
+      // Don't warm it — drop so navigation re-fetches and acts on the header.
+      if (
+        response.headers.has("X-RSC-Reload") ||
+        response.headers.has("X-RSC-Redirect")
+      ) {
+        return null;
       }
-      storePrefetch(storageKey, new Response(cacheStream, responseInit), gen);
-      return new Response(navStream, responseInit);
+      // Integrity check: never warm (or decode/import the chunks of) a foreign
+      // app's payload. A speculative prefetch must never reload — just drop it;
+      // navigation re-fetches and the server steers it.
+      if (isForeignRouterId(response, expectedRouterId)) {
+        return null;
+      }
+
+      const scope: "source" | "wildcard" =
+        forceSourceScope ||
+        response.headers.get("x-rsc-prefetch-scope") === "source"
+          ? "source"
+          : "wildcard";
+      const storageKey = scope === "source" ? sourceKey : wildcardKey;
+
+      // Track stream completion off a tee so navigation's scroll/revalidation
+      // gating matches the fresh-fetch path; decode the other branch.
+      let resolveStreamComplete!: () => void;
+      const streamComplete = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        resolveStreamComplete = resolve;
+      });
+      const tracked = teeWithCompletion(
+        response,
+        () => resolveStreamComplete(),
+        effectiveSignal,
+        // Speculative prefetch: a never-consumed/aborted stream error is benign.
+        true,
+      );
+
+      // Eager decode: parsing the Flight stream imports the route's client
+      // chunks now, not on click.
+      const payload = decoder(Promise.resolve(tracked));
+      // Mark handled so an unconsumed prefetch decode error stays quiet; the
+      // error is still surfaced to navigation if it consumes the entry.
+      payload.catch(() => {});
+
+      const entry: DecodedPrefetch = { payload, streamComplete, scope };
+      storePrefetch(storageKey, entry, gen);
+      // The stall timeout now owns the body stream: arm eviction (publishedKey)
+      // and clear the timer once the stream completes. The tee's finally resolves
+      // streamComplete on normal completion AND on abort, so a healthy body pays
+      // no lingering timer while a stalled one is evicted when the timer fires.
+      publishedKey = storageKey;
+      publishedEntry = entry;
+      streamComplete.then(() => clearTimeout(timeoutId));
+      return entry;
     })
     .catch(() => null)
     .finally(() => {
       clearPrefetchInflight(inflightKeys[0]!);
+      // Clear the stall timer here ONLY for paths that published no streaming
+      // entry (null return / fetch error / abort): the operation is fully done.
+      // When an entry WAS published, the timer stays armed to bound the body
+      // stream and is cleared on streamComplete (above) or on fire (eviction).
+      if (publishedKey === undefined) clearTimeout(timeoutId);
     });
 
   setInflightPromiseWithAliases(inflightKeys, promise);
@@ -223,6 +363,7 @@ export function prefetchDirect(
     sourceKey,
     targetUrl.toString(),
     forceSourceScope,
+    routerId,
   );
 }
 
@@ -275,6 +416,7 @@ export function prefetchQueued(
       sourceKey,
       fetchUrlStr,
       forceSourceScope,
+      routerId,
       signal,
     ).then(() => {});
   });

package/src/browser/prefetch/queue.ts

@@ -71,10 +71,13 @@ function scheduleDrain(): void {
       Promise.race([waitForViewportImages(), wait(IMAGE_WAIT_TIMEOUT)]),
     )
     .then(() => {
-      drainScheduled = false;
-      // Stale drain: a cancel/abort happened while we were waiting.
-      // A fresh scheduleDrain will be called by whatever enqueues next.
+      // Stale drain: a cancel/abort happened while we were waiting, and a fresh
+      // scheduleDrain may already own drainScheduled for the new generation.
+      // Bail WITHOUT clearing the flag so we don't clobber the live wait's
+      // single-in-flight-drain coalescing (clearing it here would let the next
+      // enqueue start a third overlapping wait).
       if (gen !== drainGeneration) return;
+      drainScheduled = false;
       if (queue.length > 0) drain();
     });
 }