@promptbook/cli 0.112.0-99 → 0.113.0-0

package/src/avatars/visuals/octopus3d4AvatarVisual.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,1295 @@
+/* eslint-disable no-magic-numbers */
+
+import { drawAvatarFrame } from '../avatarRenderingUtils';
+import type { AvatarPalette, AvatarVisualDefinition } from '../types/AvatarVisualDefinition';
+import {
+    clampNumber,
+    crossProduct3D,
+    dotProduct3D,
+    getProjectedQuadPerimeter,
+    normalizeVector3,
+    projectScenePoint,
+    subtractPoint3D,
+    transformScenePoint,
+    type Point3D,
+    type ProjectedPoint,
+} from './avatar3dProjectionShared';
+import { drawProjectedOrganicEye, drawProjectedOrganicMouth, drawProjectedQuad } from './octopus3dAvatarVisualShared';
+import { createOctopus3MorphologyProfile, type Octopus3MorphologyProfile } from './octopus3AvatarVisual';
+
+/**
+ * One visible projected patch on the continuous Octopus 3D 4 mesh.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+type BlobbyContinuousSurfacePatch = {
+    readonly corners: [ProjectedPoint, ProjectedPoint, ProjectedPoint, ProjectedPoint];
+    readonly averageDepth: number;
+    readonly lightIntensity: number;
+    readonly rimLightIntensity: number;
+    readonly fillStyle: string;
+    readonly outlineColor: string;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Seeded profile for one continuous lower mesh lobe that reads as a tentacle.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+type BlobbyContinuousTentacleProfile = {
+    readonly centerLongitude: number;
+    readonly widthScale: number;
+    readonly lengthScale: number;
+    readonly swayScale: number;
+    readonly depthScale: number;
+    readonly curlScale: number;
+    readonly primaryPhase: number;
+    readonly secondaryPhase: number;
+    readonly suckerSide: -1 | 1;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Stable surface options used by the continuous Octopus 3D 4 mesh sampler.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+type BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions = {
+    readonly radiusX: number;
+    readonly radiusY: number;
+    readonly radiusZ: number;
+    readonly morphologyProfile: Octopus3MorphologyProfile;
+    readonly timeMs: number;
+    readonly animationPhase: number;
+    readonly tentacleProfiles: ReadonlyArray<BlobbyContinuousTentacleProfile>;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Smoothly blended influence of nearby tentacle lobes at one longitude.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+type BlobbyContinuousTentacleInfluence = {
+    readonly core: number;
+    readonly centerLongitude: number;
+    readonly widthScale: number;
+    readonly lengthScale: number;
+    readonly swayScale: number;
+    readonly depthScale: number;
+    readonly curlScale: number;
+    readonly primaryPhase: number;
+    readonly secondaryPhase: number;
+};
+
+/**
+ * One seeded skin-spot used as a subtle pigment patch on the octopus body.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+type BlobbySkinSpot = {
+    readonly latitude: number;
+    readonly longitude: number;
+    readonly radiusScale: number;
+    readonly opacity: number;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Light direction used by the continuous Octopus 3D 4 mesh shading.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+const LIGHT_DIRECTION: Point3D = normalizeVector3({
+    x: 0.32,
+    y: -0.66,
+    z: 1,
+});
+
+/**
+ * Rim-light direction used to brighten the side of the silhouette.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+const RIM_LIGHT_DIRECTION: Point3D = normalizeVector3({
+    x: -0.7,
+    y: -0.18,
+    z: 0.55,
+});
+
+/**
+ * Real-octopus tentacle count used by the continuous lower mesh.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+const OCTOPUS_TENTACLE_COUNT = 8;
+
+/**
+ * Number of seeded skin spots painted across the octopus body.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+const SKIN_SPOT_COUNT = 14;
+
+/**
+ * Per-avatar stable state derived once from the seeded random factory and reused across frames.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+type Octopus3d4StableState = {
+    readonly morphologyProfile: Octopus3MorphologyProfile;
+    readonly animationPhase: number;
+    readonly leftEyePhaseOffset: number;
+    readonly rightEyePhaseOffset: number;
+    readonly tentacleProfiles: ReadonlyArray<BlobbyContinuousTentacleProfile>;
+    readonly skinSpots: ReadonlyArray<BlobbySkinSpot>;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Cache keyed by the `createRandom` factory reference, stable per mounted `<Avatar/>` component.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+const octopus3d4StableStateCache = new WeakMap<(salt: string) => () => number, Octopus3d4StableState>();
+
+/**
+ * Returns the stable per-avatar state, computing it on first access and caching afterwards.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function getOctopus3d4StableState(createRandom: (salt: string) => () => number): Octopus3d4StableState {
+    const cached = octopus3d4StableStateCache.get(createRandom);
+
+    if (cached !== undefined) {
+        return cached;
+    }
+
+    const morphologyProfile = createOctopus3MorphologyProfile(createRandom);
+    const animationRandom = createRandom('octopus3d4-animation-profile');
+    const eyeRandom = createRandom('octopus3d4-eye-profile');
+    const leftEyePhaseOffset = eyeRandom() * 0.7;
+    const rightEyePhaseOffset = eyeRandom() * 0.7;
+    const state: Octopus3d4StableState = {
+        morphologyProfile,
+        animationPhase: animationRandom() * Math.PI * 2,
+        leftEyePhaseOffset,
+        rightEyePhaseOffset,
+        tentacleProfiles: createBlobbyContinuousTentacleProfiles(createRandom, morphologyProfile),
+        skinSpots: createBlobbySkinSpots(createRandom),
+    };
+
+    octopus3d4StableStateCache.set(createRandom, state);
+
+    return state;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Octopus 3D 4 avatar visual.
+ *
+ * @private built-in avatar visual
+ */
+export const octopus3d4AvatarVisual: AvatarVisualDefinition = {
+    id: 'octopus3d4',
+    title: 'Octopus 3D 4',
+    description:
+        'Cute blobby 3D octopus rendered as one smooth continuous mesh with naturally undulating tentacles, rich multi-pass shading, pigment spots, and cursor-aware head and eyes.',
+    isAnimated: true,
+    supportsPointerTracking: true,
+    render({ context, size, palette, createRandom, timeMs, interaction }) {
+        const { morphologyProfile, animationPhase, leftEyePhaseOffset, rightEyePhaseOffset, tentacleProfiles, skinSpots } =
+            getOctopus3d4StableState(createRandom);
+        const sceneCenterX = size * 0.5;
+        const sceneCenterY = size * 0.535;
+        const bob = Math.sin(timeMs / 980 + animationPhase) * size * 0.013;
+        const meshCenter: Point3D = {
+            x: interaction.bodyOffsetX * size * 0.052 + size * morphologyProfile.body.centerXJitterRatio * 0.44,
+            y: -size * 0.07 + interaction.bodyOffsetY * size * 0.028 + bob,
+            z: interaction.intensity * size * 0.02,
+        };
+        const rotationY =
+            -0.08 +
+            Math.sin(timeMs / 2800 + animationPhase) * 0.04 +
+            interaction.bodyOffsetX * 0.24 +
+            interaction.gazeX * 0.98;
+        const rotationX =
+            -0.07 +
+            Math.cos(timeMs / 3200 + animationPhase * 0.7) * 0.02 -
+            interaction.bodyOffsetY * 0.08 -
+            interaction.gazeY * 0.42;
+        const surfaceOptions: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions = {
+            radiusX: size * morphologyProfile.body.bodyRadiusRatio * morphologyProfile.body.horizontalStretch * 1.12,
+            radiusY: size * morphologyProfile.body.bodyRadiusRatio * morphologyProfile.body.verticalStretch * 1.1,
+            radiusZ:
+                size *
+                morphologyProfile.body.bodyRadiusRatio *
+                (1.04 + (morphologyProfile.body.horizontalStretch - 1) * 0.2),
+            morphologyProfile,
+            timeMs,
+            animationPhase,
+            tentacleProfiles,
+        };
+        const surfacePatches = resolveVisibleBlobbyContinuousPatches({
+            ...surfaceOptions,
+            center: meshCenter,
+            rotationX,
+            rotationY,
+            sceneCenterX,
+            sceneCenterY,
+            size,
+            palette,
+        });
+        const eyeLatitude = clampNumber(morphologyProfile.face.eyeCenterYOffsetRatio * 4.4 - 0.04, -0.24, 0.08);
+        const eyeLongitude = clampNumber(morphologyProfile.face.eyeSpacingRatio * 3.0, 0.18, 0.32);
+        const mouthLatitude = clampNumber(eyeLatitude + 0.21 + morphologyProfile.face.mouthYOffsetRatio, 0.08, 0.34);
+        const mouthCenterLongitude = clampNumber(morphologyProfile.face.mouthCenterOffsetRatio * 5.6, -0.08, 0.08);
+        const mouthHalfLongitude = clampNumber(eyeLongitude * 0.78, 0.15, 0.28);
+        const mouthCurveLatitude = clampNumber(
+            mouthLatitude + morphologyProfile.face.mouthCurveDepthRatio * 0.78,
+            mouthLatitude + 0.03,
+            0.42,
+        );
+        const eyeRadiusX = size * morphologyProfile.face.eyeRadiusXRatio * 0.78;
+        const eyeRadiusY = eyeRadiusX * morphologyProfile.face.eyeHeightRatio * 0.92;
+
+        drawAvatarFrame(context, size, palette);
+        drawBlobbyContinuousAtmosphere(context, size, palette, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY, interaction, timeMs);
+        drawBlobbyContinuousShadow(context, size, palette, interaction, timeMs, morphologyProfile);
+
+        for (const surfacePatch of surfacePatches.sort(
+            (firstSurfacePatch, secondSurfacePatch) => firstSurfacePatch.averageDepth - secondSurfacePatch.averageDepth,
+        )) {
+            drawBlobbyContinuousSurfacePatch(context, surfacePatch);
+        }
+
+        drawBlobbySkinSpots({
+            context,
+            surfaceOptions,
+            center: meshCenter,
+            rotationX,
+            rotationY,
+            sceneCenterX,
+            sceneCenterY,
+            size,
+            palette,
+            skinSpots,
+        });
+
+        drawBlobbyContinuousCurrents({
+            context,
+            surfaceOptions,
+            center: meshCenter,
+            rotationX,
+            rotationY,
+            sceneCenterX,
+            sceneCenterY,
+            size,
+            palette,
+            morphologyProfile,
+            timeMs,
+            animationPhase,
+        });
+        drawBlobbyContinuousSuckers({
+            context,
+            surfaceOptions,
+            center: meshCenter,
+            rotationX,
+            rotationY,
+            sceneCenterX,
+            sceneCenterY,
+            size,
+            palette,
+        });
+
+        drawBlobbyContinuousGloss({
+            context,
+            surfaceOptions,
+            center: meshCenter,
+            rotationX,
+            rotationY,
+            sceneCenterX,
+            sceneCenterY,
+            size,
+            palette,
+        });
+
+        drawProjectedOrganicEye(
+            context,
+            sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(surfaceOptions, eyeLatitude, -eyeLongitude),
+            eyeRadiusX,
+            eyeRadiusY,
+            meshCenter,
+            rotationX,
+            rotationY,
+            sceneCenterX,
+            sceneCenterY,
+            size,
+            palette,
+            timeMs,
+            animationPhase + leftEyePhaseOffset,
+            interaction,
+            morphologyProfile.face.eyeStyle,
+        );
+        drawProjectedOrganicEye(
+            context,
+            sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(surfaceOptions, eyeLatitude, eyeLongitude),
+            eyeRadiusX,
+            eyeRadiusY,
+            meshCenter,
+            rotationX,
+            rotationY,
+            sceneCenterX,
+            sceneCenterY,
+            size,
+            palette,
+            timeMs,
+            animationPhase + 0.85 + rightEyePhaseOffset,
+            interaction,
+            morphologyProfile.face.eyeStyle,
+        );
+
+        drawProjectedOrganicMouth(
+            context,
+            [
+                sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(
+                    surfaceOptions,
+                    mouthLatitude,
+                    mouthCenterLongitude - mouthHalfLongitude,
+                ),
+                sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(surfaceOptions, mouthCurveLatitude, mouthCenterLongitude),
+                sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(
+                    surfaceOptions,
+                    mouthLatitude,
+                    mouthCenterLongitude + mouthHalfLongitude,
+                ),
+            ],
+            meshCenter,
+            rotationX,
+            rotationY,
+            sceneCenterX,
+            sceneCenterY,
+            palette,
+            size,
+        );
+    },
+};
+
+/**
+ * Creates seeded tentacle-lobe profiles around the visible lower octopus body.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function createBlobbyContinuousTentacleProfiles(
+    createRandom: (salt: string) => () => number,
+    morphologyProfile: Octopus3MorphologyProfile,
+): ReadonlyArray<BlobbyContinuousTentacleProfile> {
+    return Array.from({ length: OCTOPUS_TENTACLE_COUNT }, (_, tentacleIndex) => {
+        const tentacleRandom = createRandom(`octopus3d4-tentacle-${tentacleIndex}`);
+        const progress = tentacleIndex / (OCTOPUS_TENTACLE_COUNT - 1);
+
+        return {
+            centerLongitude:
+                -Math.PI * 0.9 +
+                progress * Math.PI * 1.8 +
+                (tentacleRandom() - 0.5) * (0.06 + morphologyProfile.tentacles.rootSpreadScale * 0.025),
+            widthScale: 0.92 + tentacleRandom() * 0.3 + (morphologyProfile.tentacles.baseWidthScale - 1) * 0.18,
+            lengthScale: 0.9 + tentacleRandom() * 0.34 + (morphologyProfile.tentacles.flowLengthScale - 1) * 0.24,
+            swayScale: 0.86 + tentacleRandom() * 0.4 + (morphologyProfile.tentacles.swayScale - 1) * 0.22,
+            depthScale: 0.9 + tentacleRandom() * 0.3 + (morphologyProfile.tentacles.tipReachScale - 1) * 0.22,
+            curlScale: 0.62 + tentacleRandom() * 0.46,
+            primaryPhase: tentacleRandom() * Math.PI * 2,
+            secondaryPhase: tentacleRandom() * Math.PI * 2,
+            suckerSide: tentacleRandom() > 0.5 ? 1 : -1,
+        };
+    });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates seeded skin pigment spots distributed across the upper octopus mesh.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function createBlobbySkinSpots(createRandom: (salt: string) => () => number): ReadonlyArray<BlobbySkinSpot> {
+    const spotRandom = createRandom('octopus3d4-skin-spots');
+
+    return Array.from({ length: SKIN_SPOT_COUNT }, () => ({
+        latitude: -0.45 + spotRandom() * 0.7,
+        longitude: -0.5 + spotRandom() * 1.0,
+        radiusScale: 0.0028 + spotRandom() * 0.0052,
+        opacity: 0.16 + spotRandom() * 0.22,
+    }));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Draws the soft underwater atmosphere behind the continuous octopus mesh.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function drawBlobbyContinuousAtmosphere(
+    context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
+    size: number,
+    palette: AvatarPalette,
+    sceneCenterX: number,
+    sceneCenterY: number,
+    interaction: {
+        readonly gazeX: number;
+        readonly gazeY: number;
+        readonly intensity: number;
+    },
+    timeMs: number,
+): void {
+    const glowGradient = context.createRadialGradient(
+        sceneCenterX + interaction.gazeX * size * 0.12,
+        sceneCenterY - size * 0.18 + interaction.gazeY * size * 0.05,
+        size * 0.04,
+        sceneCenterX,
+        sceneCenterY,
+        size * (0.68 + interaction.intensity * 0.025),
+    );
+    glowGradient.addColorStop(0, `${palette.highlight}74`);
+    glowGradient.addColorStop(0.32, `${palette.accent}32`);
+    glowGradient.addColorStop(1, `${palette.highlight}00`);
+    context.fillStyle = glowGradient;
+    context.fillRect(0, 0, size, size);
+
+    const lowerGradient = context.createRadialGradient(
+        sceneCenterX + Math.sin(timeMs / 1500) * size * 0.05,
+        sceneCenterY + size * 0.3,
+        size * 0.06,
+        sceneCenterX,
+        sceneCenterY + size * 0.3,
+        size * 0.56,
+    );
+    lowerGradient.addColorStop(0, `${palette.secondary}28`);
+    lowerGradient.addColorStop(1, `${palette.secondary}00`);
+    context.fillStyle = lowerGradient;
+    context.fillRect(0, 0, size, size);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Draws the soft lower shadow that anchors the octopus in the avatar frame.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function drawBlobbyContinuousShadow(
+    context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
+    size: number,
+    palette: AvatarPalette,
+    interaction: {
+        readonly gazeX: number;
+        readonly intensity: number;
+    },
+    timeMs: number,
+    morphologyProfile: Octopus3MorphologyProfile,
+): void {
+    const cx = size * 0.5 + interaction.gazeX * size * 0.046;
+    const cy = size * 0.9 + Math.sin(timeMs / 980) * size * 0.007;
+    const rx = size * (0.2 + morphologyProfile.tentacles.rootSpreadScale * 0.024 + interaction.intensity * 0.022);
+    const ry = size * 0.062;
+
+    context.save();
+    context.translate(cx, cy);
+    context.scale(1, ry / rx);
+    const blurRadius = rx * 1.42;
+    const shadowGradient = context.createRadialGradient(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, blurRadius);
+    shadowGradient.addColorStop(0, `${palette.shadow}82`);
+    shadowGradient.addColorStop(0.45, `${palette.shadow}4a`);
+    shadowGradient.addColorStop(0.8, `${palette.shadow}1c`);
+    shadowGradient.addColorStop(1, `${palette.shadow}00`);
+    context.fillStyle = shadowGradient;
+    context.beginPath();
+    context.arc(0, 0, blurRadius, 0, Math.PI * 2);
+    context.fill();
+    context.restore();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Number of latitude segments used by the continuous Octopus 3D 4 mesh.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+const LATITUDE_PATCH_COUNT = 20;
+
+/**
+ * Number of longitude segments used by the continuous Octopus 3D 4 mesh.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+const LONGITUDE_PATCH_COUNT = 48;
+
+/**
+ * Resolves visible projected patches for the continuous Octopus 3D 4 mesh.
+ *
+ * Within a single frame, mesh corner samples and longitude-only computations (tentacle
+ * influence and lobe wave) are quantized to the patch grid and computed once each rather
+ * than re-evaluated for every patch corner.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function resolveVisibleBlobbyContinuousPatches(
+    options: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions & {
+        readonly center: Point3D;
+        readonly rotationX: number;
+        readonly rotationY: number;
+        readonly sceneCenterX: number;
+        readonly sceneCenterY: number;
+        readonly size: number;
+        readonly palette: AvatarPalette;
+    },
+): Array<BlobbyContinuousSurfacePatch> {
+    const { center, rotationX, rotationY, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY, size, palette } = options;
+    const latitudePatchCount = LATITUDE_PATCH_COUNT;
+    const longitudePatchCount = LONGITUDE_PATCH_COUNT;
+    const surfacePatches: Array<BlobbyContinuousSurfacePatch> = [];
+    const latitudeBoundaries = new Float64Array(latitudePatchCount + 1);
+    const longitudeBoundaries = new Float64Array(longitudePatchCount + 1);
+
+    for (let boundaryIndex = 0; boundaryIndex <= latitudePatchCount; boundaryIndex++) {
+        latitudeBoundaries[boundaryIndex] = -Math.PI / 2 + (boundaryIndex / latitudePatchCount) * Math.PI;
+    }
+
+    for (let boundaryIndex = 0; boundaryIndex <= longitudePatchCount; boundaryIndex++) {
+        longitudeBoundaries[boundaryIndex] = -Math.PI + (boundaryIndex / longitudePatchCount) * Math.PI * 2;
+    }
+
+    const cachedTentacleInfluencesByCornerLongitude = new Array<BlobbyContinuousTentacleInfluence>(
+        longitudePatchCount + 1,
+    );
+    const cachedLobeWavesByCornerLongitude = new Float64Array(longitudePatchCount + 1);
+    const cachedTentacleInfluencesByPatchCenterLongitude = new Array<BlobbyContinuousTentacleInfluence>(
+        longitudePatchCount,
+    );
+    const cachedLobeWavesByPatchCenterLongitude = new Float64Array(longitudePatchCount);
+    const cachedCosByPatchCenterLongitude = new Float64Array(longitudePatchCount);
+
+    for (let boundaryIndex = 0; boundaryIndex <= longitudePatchCount; boundaryIndex++) {
+        const cornerLongitude = longitudeBoundaries[boundaryIndex]!;
+        cachedTentacleInfluencesByCornerLongitude[boundaryIndex] = resolveBlobbyTentacleInfluence(
+            options,
+            cornerLongitude,
+        );
+        cachedLobeWavesByCornerLongitude[boundaryIndex] = resolveBlobbyLobeWave(options, cornerLongitude);
+    }
+
+    for (let longitudeIndex = 0; longitudeIndex < longitudePatchCount; longitudeIndex++) {
+        const patchCenterLongitude = (longitudeBoundaries[longitudeIndex]! + longitudeBoundaries[longitudeIndex + 1]!) / 2;
+        cachedTentacleInfluencesByPatchCenterLongitude[longitudeIndex] = resolveBlobbyTentacleInfluence(
+            options,
+            patchCenterLongitude,
+        );
+        cachedLobeWavesByPatchCenterLongitude[longitudeIndex] = resolveBlobbyLobeWave(options, patchCenterLongitude);
+        cachedCosByPatchCenterLongitude[longitudeIndex] = Math.max(0, Math.cos(patchCenterLongitude));
+    }
+
+    const cornerCount = (latitudePatchCount + 1) * (longitudePatchCount + 1);
+    const transformedCornerSamples = new Array<Point3D>(cornerCount);
+
+    for (let latitudeBoundaryIndex = 0; latitudeBoundaryIndex <= latitudePatchCount; latitudeBoundaryIndex++) {
+        const cornerLatitude = latitudeBoundaries[latitudeBoundaryIndex]!;
+
+        for (let longitudeBoundaryIndex = 0; longitudeBoundaryIndex <= longitudePatchCount; longitudeBoundaryIndex++) {
+            const cornerLongitude = longitudeBoundaries[longitudeBoundaryIndex]!;
+            const cornerIndex = latitudeBoundaryIndex * (longitudePatchCount + 1) + longitudeBoundaryIndex;
+            const cornerSample = sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePointWithLongitudeCache(
+                options,
+                cornerLatitude,
+                cornerLongitude,
+                cachedTentacleInfluencesByCornerLongitude[longitudeBoundaryIndex]!,
+                cachedLobeWavesByCornerLongitude[longitudeBoundaryIndex]!,
+            );
+            transformedCornerSamples[cornerIndex] = transformScenePoint(cornerSample, center, rotationX, rotationY);
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (let latitudeIndex = 0; latitudeIndex < latitudePatchCount; latitudeIndex++) {
+        const startLatitude = latitudeBoundaries[latitudeIndex]!;
+        const endLatitude = latitudeBoundaries[latitudeIndex + 1]!;
+        const centerLatitude = (startLatitude + endLatitude) / 2;
+        const verticalProgress = (Math.sin(centerLatitude) + 1) / 2;
+        const startCornerRowOffset = latitudeIndex * (longitudePatchCount + 1);
+        const endCornerRowOffset = (latitudeIndex + 1) * (longitudePatchCount + 1);
+
+        for (let longitudeIndex = 0; longitudeIndex < longitudePatchCount; longitudeIndex++) {
+            const transformedCorners: [Point3D, Point3D, Point3D, Point3D] = [
+                transformedCornerSamples[startCornerRowOffset + longitudeIndex]!,
+                transformedCornerSamples[startCornerRowOffset + longitudeIndex + 1]!,
+                transformedCornerSamples[endCornerRowOffset + longitudeIndex + 1]!,
+                transformedCornerSamples[endCornerRowOffset + longitudeIndex]!,
+            ];
+            const surfaceNormal = normalizeVector3(
+                crossProduct3D(
+                    subtractPoint3D(transformedCorners[1], transformedCorners[0]),
+                    subtractPoint3D(transformedCorners[2], transformedCorners[0]),
+                ),
+            );
+
+            if (surfaceNormal.z <= 0.006) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            const projectedCorners: [ProjectedPoint, ProjectedPoint, ProjectedPoint, ProjectedPoint] = [
+                projectScenePoint(transformedCorners[0], size, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY),
+                projectScenePoint(transformedCorners[1], size, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY),
+                projectScenePoint(transformedCorners[2], size, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY),
+                projectScenePoint(transformedCorners[3], size, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY),
+            ];
+            const lightIntensity = clampNumber(dotProduct3D(surfaceNormal, LIGHT_DIRECTION), -1, 1);
+            const rimLightIntensity = Math.pow(
+                clampNumber(dotProduct3D(surfaceNormal, RIM_LIGHT_DIRECTION), 0, 1),
+                2.6,
+            );
+
+            surfacePatches.push({
+                corners: projectedCorners,
+                averageDepth:
+                    (transformedCorners[0].z +
+                        transformedCorners[1].z +
+                        transformedCorners[2].z +
+                        transformedCorners[3].z) /
+                    4,
+                lightIntensity,
+                rimLightIntensity,
+                fillStyle: resolveBlobbySurfacePatchFillStyle(
+                    palette,
+                    verticalProgress,
+                    cachedCosByPatchCenterLongitude[longitudeIndex]!,
+                    cachedTentacleInfluencesByPatchCenterLongitude[longitudeIndex]!.core,
+                    cachedLobeWavesByPatchCenterLongitude[longitudeIndex]!,
+                ),
+                outlineColor: verticalProgress < 0.52 ? `${palette.highlight}5c` : `${palette.shadow}66`,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    return surfacePatches;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Samples one point on the continuous Octopus 3D 4 surface.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(
+    options: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions,
+    latitude: number,
+    longitude: number,
+): Point3D {
+    return sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePointWithLongitudeCache(
+        options,
+        latitude,
+        longitude,
+        resolveBlobbyTentacleInfluence(options, longitude),
+        resolveBlobbyLobeWave(options, longitude),
+    );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Samples one point on the continuous Octopus 3D 4 surface using precomputed longitude-only values.
+ *
+ * The patch loop quantizes the mesh into a fixed corner grid, so the same longitude is reused
+ * across every latitude row and each tentacle/lobe value is computed once per frame instead
+ * of `latitudePatchCount * 4` times.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePointWithLongitudeCache(
+    options: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions,
+    latitude: number,
+    longitude: number,
+    tentacleInfluence: BlobbyContinuousTentacleInfluence,
+    lowerLobeWave: number,
+): Point3D {
+    const { radiusX, radiusY, radiusZ, morphologyProfile, timeMs, animationPhase } = options;
+    const cosineLatitude = Math.max(0, Math.cos(latitude));
+    const verticalProgress = (Math.sin(latitude) + 1) / 2;
+    const upperBlend = Math.pow(1 - verticalProgress, 1.32);
+    const lowerBlend = smoothStep(0.34, 1, verticalProgress);
+    const tipBlend = smoothStep(0.66, 1, verticalProgress);
+    const centerPull = resolveSignedAngularDistance(longitude, tentacleInfluence.centerLongitude);
+    const effectiveLongitude =
+        longitude + centerPull * lowerBlend * tentacleInfluence.core * (0.26 + tipBlend * 0.22);
+    const mantleRipple =
+        Math.sin(
+            longitude * morphologyProfile.body.lobeCount +
+                animationPhase * 0.6 +
+                timeMs / (1700 + morphologyProfile.body.lobeCount * 28),
+        ) *
+        (0.018 + morphologyProfile.body.wobbleAmplitudeRatio * 0.78) *
+        (0.32 + lowerBlend * 0.7);
+    const primaryTentacleWave =
+        Math.sin(timeMs / 740 + tentacleInfluence.primaryPhase + verticalProgress * 2.6) *
+        lowerBlend *
+        tentacleInfluence.core *
+        tentacleInfluence.swayScale;
+    const secondaryTentacleWave =
+        Math.sin(timeMs / 470 + tentacleInfluence.secondaryPhase + verticalProgress * 4.2) *
+        lowerBlend *
+        tentacleInfluence.core *
+        tentacleInfluence.swayScale *
+        0.42;
+    const tentacleCurl =
+        Math.sin(timeMs / 1180 + tentacleInfluence.primaryPhase * 0.6 + verticalProgress * 3.2) *
+        tipBlend *
+        tentacleInfluence.core *
+        tentacleInfluence.curlScale *
+        0.36;
+    const horizontalScale =
+        1.06 +
+        mantleRipple +
+        lowerBlend * (0.18 + (morphologyProfile.tentacles.rootSpreadScale - 1) * 0.12) +
+        lowerBlend * tentacleInfluence.core * (0.22 + lowerLobeWave * 0.14) -
+        upperBlend * 0.08;
+    const depthScale =
+        1.08 +
+        upperBlend * 0.16 +
+        Math.max(0, Math.cos(effectiveLongitude)) * 0.12 +
+        lowerBlend * tentacleInfluence.core * (0.12 + tentacleInfluence.depthScale * 0.07) -
+        Math.max(0, -Math.cos(effectiveLongitude)) * 0.05;
+    const tentacleTubeRadius =
+        lowerBlend *
+        tentacleInfluence.core *
+        (0.12 + tipBlend * 0.07 + tentacleInfluence.widthScale * 0.028) *
+        radiusX;
+    const planarRadiusX = cosineLatitude * radiusX * horizontalScale + tentacleTubeRadius;
+    const planarRadiusZ = cosineLatitude * radiusZ * depthScale + tentacleTubeRadius * 0.74;
+    const lowerDrop =
+        lowerBlend *
+        radiusY *
+        (0.2 +
+            tentacleInfluence.core *
+                (0.42 +
+                    tentacleInfluence.lengthScale * 0.24 +
+                    (morphologyProfile.tentacles.flowLengthScale - 1) * 0.1));
+    const combinedTentacleSway = (primaryTentacleWave + secondaryTentacleWave) * radiusX * (0.06 + tipBlend * 0.06);
+
+    return {
+        x:
+            Math.sin(effectiveLongitude) * planarRadiusX +
+            combinedTentacleSway +
+            tentacleCurl * radiusX * 0.18,
+        y:
+            Math.sin(latitude) * radiusY * (1 + upperBlend * 0.14) -
+            upperBlend * radiusY * 0.12 +
+            lowerDrop +
+            Math.sin(timeMs / 1380 + animationPhase + latitude * 1.5) * lowerBlend * radiusY * 0.022 +
+            Math.cos(timeMs / 820 + tentacleInfluence.primaryPhase) *
+                lowerBlend *
+                tipBlend *
+                tentacleInfluence.core *
+                radiusY *
+                0.04,
+        z:
+            Math.cos(effectiveLongitude) * planarRadiusZ +
+            Math.cos(timeMs / 960 + tentacleInfluence.primaryPhase + verticalProgress) *
+                lowerBlend *
+                tentacleInfluence.core *
+                radiusZ *
+                0.044 +
+            tentacleCurl * radiusZ * 0.14,
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Blends nearby seeded tentacle profiles at one mesh longitude.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function resolveBlobbyTentacleInfluence(
+    options: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions,
+    longitude: number,
+): BlobbyContinuousTentacleInfluence {
+    let totalWeight = 0;
+    let weightedSin = 0;
+    let weightedCos = 0;
+    let weightedWidthScale = 0;
+    let weightedLengthScale = 0;
+    let weightedSwayScale = 0;
+    let weightedDepthScale = 0;
+    let weightedCurlScale = 0;
+    let weightedPrimaryPhase = 0;
+    let weightedSecondaryPhase = 0;
+
+    for (const tentacleProfile of options.tentacleProfiles) {
+        const distance = Math.abs(resolveSignedAngularDistance(longitude, tentacleProfile.centerLongitude));
+        const width = 0.22 * tentacleProfile.widthScale;
+        const weight = Math.exp(-(distance * distance) / (width * width));
+
+        totalWeight += weight;
+        weightedSin += Math.sin(tentacleProfile.centerLongitude) * weight;
+        weightedCos += Math.cos(tentacleProfile.centerLongitude) * weight;
+        weightedWidthScale += tentacleProfile.widthScale * weight;
+        weightedLengthScale += tentacleProfile.lengthScale * weight;
+        weightedSwayScale += tentacleProfile.swayScale * weight;
+        weightedDepthScale += tentacleProfile.depthScale * weight;
+        weightedCurlScale += tentacleProfile.curlScale * weight;
+        weightedPrimaryPhase += tentacleProfile.primaryPhase * weight;
+        weightedSecondaryPhase += tentacleProfile.secondaryPhase * weight;
+    }
+
+    if (totalWeight < 0.0001) {
+        return {
+            core: 0,
+            centerLongitude: longitude,
+            widthScale: 1,
+            lengthScale: 1,
+            swayScale: 1,
+            depthScale: 1,
+            curlScale: 1,
+            primaryPhase: 0,
+            secondaryPhase: 0,
+        };
+    }
+
+    return {
+        core: clampNumber(totalWeight, 0, 1),
+        centerLongitude: Math.atan2(weightedSin / totalWeight, weightedCos / totalWeight),
+        widthScale: weightedWidthScale / totalWeight,
+        lengthScale: weightedLengthScale / totalWeight,
+        swayScale: weightedSwayScale / totalWeight,
+        depthScale: weightedDepthScale / totalWeight,
+        curlScale: weightedCurlScale / totalWeight,
+        primaryPhase: weightedPrimaryPhase / totalWeight,
+        secondaryPhase: weightedSecondaryPhase / totalWeight,
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolves the soft lower wave that makes the continuous mesh read as a set of tentacles.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function resolveBlobbyLobeWave(options: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions, longitude: number): number {
+    const { morphologyProfile, animationPhase, timeMs } = options;
+
+    return (
+        (Math.cos(
+            longitude * OCTOPUS_TENTACLE_COUNT +
+                animationPhase +
+                timeMs / (940 + morphologyProfile.body.lobeCount * 18),
+        ) +
+            1) /
+        2
+    );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolves one base fill tone for a patch on the continuous octopus mesh.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function resolveBlobbySurfacePatchFillStyle(
+    palette: AvatarPalette,
+    verticalProgress: number,
+    forwardness: number,
+    tentacleCore: number,
+    lowerLobeWave: number,
+): string {
+    const tonalProgress = clampNumber(
+        verticalProgress + lowerLobeWave * 0.1 + tentacleCore * 0.08 - forwardness * 0.08,
+        0,
+        1,
+    );
+
+    if (tonalProgress < 0.12) {
+        return palette.highlight;
+    }
+    if (tonalProgress < 0.3) {
+        return palette.secondary;
+    }
+    if (tonalProgress < 0.72) {
+        return forwardness > 0.56 ? palette.secondary : palette.primary;
+    }
+
+    return tentacleCore > 0.44 ? `${palette.primary}f4` : `${palette.shadow}ee`;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Draws one projected mesh patch with multi-pass shading and a soft edge.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function drawBlobbyContinuousSurfacePatch(
+    context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,
+    surfacePatch: BlobbyContinuousSurfacePatch,
+): void {
+    drawProjectedQuad(context, surfacePatch.corners, surfacePatch.fillStyle);
+
+    if (surfacePatch.lightIntensity > 0) {
+        drawProjectedQuad(
+            context,
+            surfacePatch.corners,
+            `rgba(255, 255, 255, ${0.2 * surfacePatch.lightIntensity})`,
+        );
+    } else if (surfacePatch.lightIntensity < 0) {
+        drawProjectedQuad(
+            context,
+            surfacePatch.corners,
+            `rgba(0, 0, 0, ${0.26 * Math.abs(surfacePatch.lightIntensity)})`,
+        );
+    }
+
+    if (surfacePatch.rimLightIntensity > 0.04) {
+        drawProjectedQuad(
+            context,
+            surfacePatch.corners,
+            `rgba(255, 247, 230, ${0.22 * surfacePatch.rimLightIntensity})`,
+        );
+    }
+
+    context.save();
+    context.beginPath();
+    context.moveTo(surfacePatch.corners[0].x, surfacePatch.corners[0].y);
+    for (let cornerIndex = 1; cornerIndex < surfacePatch.corners.length; cornerIndex++) {
+        context.lineTo(surfacePatch.corners[cornerIndex]!.x, surfacePatch.corners[cornerIndex]!.y);
+    }
+    context.closePath();
+    context.strokeStyle = surfacePatch.outlineColor;
+    context.lineWidth = Math.max(0.6, getProjectedQuadPerimeter(surfacePatch.corners) * 0.0026);
+    context.lineJoin = 'round';
+    context.stroke();
+    context.restore();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Draws projected mantle-current lines on the front of the mesh.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function drawBlobbyContinuousCurrents(options: {
+    readonly context: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
+    readonly surfaceOptions: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions;
+    readonly center: Point3D;
+    readonly rotationX: number;
+    readonly rotationY: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterX: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterY: number;
+    readonly size: number;
+    readonly palette: AvatarPalette;
+    readonly morphologyProfile: Octopus3MorphologyProfile;
+    readonly timeMs: number;
+    readonly animationPhase: number;
+}): void {
+    const {
+        context,
+        surfaceOptions,
+        center,
+        rotationX,
+        rotationY,
+        sceneCenterX,
+        sceneCenterY,
+        size,
+        palette,
+        morphologyProfile,
+        timeMs,
+        animationPhase,
+    } = options;
+    const currentCount = Math.min(6, morphologyProfile.details.mantleCurrentCount);
+    const centerIndex = (currentCount - 1) / 2;
+
+    context.save();
+    context.lineCap = 'round';
+    context.lineJoin = 'round';
+
+    for (let currentIndex = 0; currentIndex < currentCount; currentIndex++) {
+        const baseLongitude = (currentIndex - centerIndex) * 0.15;
+        const projectedPoints: Array<ProjectedPoint> = [];
+
+        for (let sampleIndex = 0; sampleIndex < 9; sampleIndex++) {
+            const progress = sampleIndex / 8;
+            const latitude = -0.48 + progress * 0.78;
+            const longitude =
+                baseLongitude + Math.sin(timeMs / 1140 + animationPhase + currentIndex * 0.7 + progress * 2) * 0.038;
+            const scenePoint = transformScenePoint(
+                sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(surfaceOptions, latitude, longitude),
+                center,
+                rotationX,
+                rotationY,
+            );
+
+            if (scenePoint.z > center.z - size * 0.016) {
+                projectedPoints.push(projectScenePoint(scenePoint, size, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (projectedPoints.length < 3) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        context.beginPath();
+        context.moveTo(projectedPoints[0]!.x, projectedPoints[0]!.y);
+        for (const projectedPoint of projectedPoints.slice(1)) {
+            context.lineTo(projectedPoint.x, projectedPoint.y);
+        }
+        context.strokeStyle = currentIndex % 2 === 0 ? `${palette.highlight}3d` : `${palette.accent}33`;
+        context.lineWidth = size * (0.0055 + currentIndex * 0.00045);
+        context.stroke();
+    }
+
+    context.restore();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Draws small projected sucker highlights on the waving lower mesh lobes.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function drawBlobbyContinuousSuckers(options: {
+    readonly context: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
+    readonly surfaceOptions: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions;
+    readonly center: Point3D;
+    readonly rotationX: number;
+    readonly rotationY: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterX: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterY: number;
+    readonly size: number;
+    readonly palette: AvatarPalette;
+}): void {
+    const { surfaceOptions, size } = options;
+    const { timeMs } = surfaceOptions;
+
+    for (const tentacleProfile of surfaceOptions.tentacleProfiles) {
+        if (Math.cos(tentacleProfile.centerLongitude) < -0.16) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        for (let suckerIndex = 0; suckerIndex < 4; suckerIndex++) {
+            const latitude = 0.5 + suckerIndex * 0.12;
+            const sideOffset = tentacleProfile.suckerSide * (0.038 + suckerIndex * 0.014) * tentacleProfile.widthScale;
+            const waveOffset = Math.sin(timeMs / 880 + tentacleProfile.primaryPhase + suckerIndex * 0.78) * 0.02;
+
+            drawBlobbyContinuousSurfaceSpot({
+                ...options,
+                latitude,
+                longitude: tentacleProfile.centerLongitude + sideOffset + waveOffset,
+                radiusScale: size * (0.0068 - suckerIndex * 0.0006),
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Draws seeded pigment spots across the upper mesh for a richer skin texture.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function drawBlobbySkinSpots(options: {
+    readonly context: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
+    readonly surfaceOptions: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions;
+    readonly center: Point3D;
+    readonly rotationX: number;
+    readonly rotationY: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterX: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterY: number;
+    readonly size: number;
+    readonly palette: AvatarPalette;
+    readonly skinSpots: ReadonlyArray<BlobbySkinSpot>;
+}): void {
+    const {
+        context,
+        surfaceOptions,
+        center,
+        rotationX,
+        rotationY,
+        sceneCenterX,
+        sceneCenterY,
+        size,
+        palette,
+        skinSpots,
+    } = options;
+
+    for (const skinSpot of skinSpots) {
+        const localCenter = sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(surfaceOptions, skinSpot.latitude, skinSpot.longitude);
+        const sceneCenterPoint = transformScenePoint(localCenter, center, rotationX, rotationY);
+
+        if (sceneCenterPoint.z <= center.z - size * 0.01) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        const projectedCenterPoint = projectScenePoint(sceneCenterPoint, size, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY);
+        const spotRadius = size * skinSpot.radiusScale;
+
+        context.save();
+        context.beginPath();
+        context.arc(projectedCenterPoint.x, projectedCenterPoint.y, spotRadius, 0, Math.PI * 2);
+        context.fillStyle = `${palette.shadow}${formatAlphaHex(skinSpot.opacity)}`;
+        context.fill();
+        context.restore();
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Draws one tiny projected surface spot by sampling local mesh tangents.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function drawBlobbyContinuousSurfaceSpot(options: {
+    readonly context: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
+    readonly surfaceOptions: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions;
+    readonly center: Point3D;
+    readonly rotationX: number;
+    readonly rotationY: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterX: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterY: number;
+    readonly size: number;
+    readonly palette: AvatarPalette;
+    readonly latitude: number;
+    readonly longitude: number;
+    readonly radiusScale: number;
+}): void {
+    const {
+        context,
+        surfaceOptions,
+        center,
+        rotationX,
+        rotationY,
+        sceneCenterX,
+        sceneCenterY,
+        size,
+        palette,
+        latitude,
+        longitude,
+        radiusScale,
+    } = options;
+    const localCenter = sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(surfaceOptions, latitude, longitude);
+    const localHorizontal = sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(surfaceOptions, latitude, longitude + 0.018);
+    const localVertical = sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(surfaceOptions, latitude + 0.018, longitude);
+    const sceneCenterPoint = transformScenePoint(localCenter, center, rotationX, rotationY);
+
+    if (sceneCenterPoint.z <= center.z - size * 0.012) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const projectedCenterPoint = projectScenePoint(sceneCenterPoint, size, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY);
+    const projectedHorizontalPoint = projectScenePoint(
+        transformScenePoint(localHorizontal, center, rotationX, rotationY),
+        size,
+        sceneCenterX,
+        sceneCenterY,
+    );
+    const projectedVerticalPoint = projectScenePoint(
+        transformScenePoint(localVertical, center, rotationX, rotationY),
+        size,
+        sceneCenterX,
+        sceneCenterY,
+    );
+    const horizontalRadius = clampNumber(
+        Math.hypot(
+            projectedHorizontalPoint.x - projectedCenterPoint.x,
+            projectedHorizontalPoint.y - projectedCenterPoint.y,
+        ) *
+            radiusScale *
+            0.78,
+        size * 0.003,
+        size * 0.02,
+    );
+    const verticalRadius = clampNumber(
+        Math.hypot(
+            projectedVerticalPoint.x - projectedCenterPoint.x,
+            projectedVerticalPoint.y - projectedCenterPoint.y,
+        ) *
+            radiusScale *
+            0.54,
+        size * 0.0024,
+        size * 0.015,
+    );
+    const rotation = Math.atan2(
+        projectedHorizontalPoint.y - projectedCenterPoint.y,
+        projectedHorizontalPoint.x - projectedCenterPoint.x,
+    );
+
+    context.save();
+    context.translate(projectedCenterPoint.x, projectedCenterPoint.y);
+    context.rotate(rotation);
+    context.beginPath();
+    context.ellipse(0, 0, horizontalRadius, verticalRadius, 0, 0, Math.PI * 2);
+    context.fillStyle = `${palette.highlight}80`;
+    context.fill();
+    context.strokeStyle = `${palette.highlight}a8`;
+    context.lineWidth = Math.max(0.7, size * 0.0028);
+    context.stroke();
+    context.restore();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Draws a soft, slowly drifting gloss highlight on the front of the mesh.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function drawBlobbyContinuousGloss(options: {
+    readonly context: CanvasRenderingContext2D;
+    readonly surfaceOptions: BlobbyContinuousSurfaceOptions;
+    readonly center: Point3D;
+    readonly rotationX: number;
+    readonly rotationY: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterX: number;
+    readonly sceneCenterY: number;
+    readonly size: number;
+    readonly palette: AvatarPalette;
+}): void {
+    const { context, surfaceOptions, center, rotationX, rotationY, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY, size } = options;
+    const { timeMs, animationPhase } = surfaceOptions;
+    const glossLatitude = -0.3 + Math.sin(timeMs / 2700 + animationPhase) * 0.04;
+    const glossLongitude = -0.18 + Math.cos(timeMs / 2300 + animationPhase * 0.8) * 0.05;
+    const localCenter = sampleBlobbyContinuousSurfacePoint(surfaceOptions, glossLatitude, glossLongitude);
+    const sceneCenterPoint = transformScenePoint(localCenter, center, rotationX, rotationY);
+
+    if (sceneCenterPoint.z <= center.z) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const projectedCenterPoint = projectScenePoint(sceneCenterPoint, size, sceneCenterX, sceneCenterY);
+    const glossRadius = size * 0.058;
+
+    context.save();
+    const glossGradient = context.createRadialGradient(
+        projectedCenterPoint.x - glossRadius * 0.3,
+        projectedCenterPoint.y - glossRadius * 0.4,
+        glossRadius * 0.04,
+        projectedCenterPoint.x,
+        projectedCenterPoint.y,
+        glossRadius,
+    );
+    glossGradient.addColorStop(0, 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.34)');
+    glossGradient.addColorStop(0.5, 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1)');
+    glossGradient.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0)');
+    context.fillStyle = glossGradient;
+    context.beginPath();
+    context.ellipse(
+        projectedCenterPoint.x,
+        projectedCenterPoint.y,
+        glossRadius * 1.05,
+        glossRadius * 0.78,
+        0,
+        0,
+        Math.PI * 2,
+    );
+    context.fill();
+    context.restore();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolves a signed angular distance from the source longitude to the target longitude.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function resolveSignedAngularDistance(sourceLongitude: number, targetLongitude: number): number {
+    return Math.atan2(Math.sin(targetLongitude - sourceLongitude), Math.cos(targetLongitude - sourceLongitude));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Smoothly maps a value between two bounds into `[0, 1]`.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function smoothStep(edgeStart: number, edgeEnd: number, value: number): number {
+    const progress = clampNumber((value - edgeStart) / (edgeEnd - edgeStart), 0, 1);
+
+    return progress * progress * (3 - 2 * progress);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Converts an opacity ratio into a two-digit hexadecimal alpha suffix.
+ *
+ * @private helper of `octopus3d4AvatarVisual`
+ */
+function formatAlphaHex(opacity: number): string {
+    return Math.round(clampNumber(opacity, 0, 1) * 255)
+        .toString(16)
+        .padStart(2, '0');
+}