@procedures/client 0.52.2 → 0.53.1

package/dist/tracing/traceparent.js

@@ -4,12 +4,22 @@
  * the metadata of a call (and HTTP as the `traceparent` header). The tracing interceptor of a
  * server continues that trace, and gives it to the nested calls, so one trace goes from the
  * client to the last handler. Before, the client and the server made two traces.
+ *
+ * The checks of the ids are `isValidTraceId` and `isValidSpanId` of `@opentelemetry/api`
+ * (decision D7 of otel-ts). They refuse an id of only zeros.
+ */
+import { isValidSpanId, isValidTraceId } from "@opentelemetry/api";
+/**
+ * The metadata key of the W3C trace context of a call.
+ *
+ * @deprecated With an SDK of OpenTelemetry, the registered propagator writes and reads the trace
+ * context (roadmap C8 of otel-ts). A later MINOR removes this export, when each app registers an SDK (D6).
  */
-/** The metadata key of the W3C trace context of a call. */
 export const TRACEPARENT_METADATA_KEY = "traceparent";
+/** The form of version 00. The ids in it have only lowercase digits, as W3C Trace Context requires. */
 const TRACEPARENT = /^00-([0-9a-f]{32})-([0-9a-f]{16})-([0-9a-f]{2})$/;
-const ZERO_TRACE = "0".repeat(32);
-const ZERO_SPAN = "0".repeat(16);
+/** An uppercase hex digit. The checks of the API accept it, but W3C Trace Context does not. */
+const UPPERCASE_HEX = /[A-F]/;
 /**
  * The size of the pool of random bytes. One fill gives 256 trace ids or 512 span ids. Before
  * (roadmap O94), each id called `getRandomValues` for 8 or 16 bytes: in a chain of 200 steps, the
@@ -41,34 +51,59 @@ function randomHex(bytes) {
     next += bytes;
     return hex;
 }
-/** This function makes a new trace id: 32 random hex digits. */
+/**
+ * This function makes a new trace id: 32 random hex digits.
+ *
+ * @deprecated With an SDK of OpenTelemetry, the registered propagator writes and reads the trace
+ * context (roadmap C8 of otel-ts). A later MINOR removes this export, when each app registers an SDK (D6).
+ */
 export function newTraceId() {
     const id = randomHex(16);
-    return id === ZERO_TRACE ? newTraceId() : id;
+    return isValidTraceId(id) ? id : newTraceId();
 }
-/** This function makes a new span id: 16 random hex digits. */
+/**
+ * This function makes a new span id: 16 random hex digits.
+ *
+ * @deprecated With an SDK of OpenTelemetry, the registered propagator writes and reads the trace
+ * context (roadmap C8 of otel-ts). A later MINOR removes this export, when each app registers an SDK (D6).
+ */
 export function newSpanId() {
     const id = randomHex(8);
-    return id === ZERO_SPAN ? newSpanId() : id;
+    return isValidSpanId(id) ? id : newSpanId();
 }
-/** True when the ids have the W3C form. */
+/**
+ * This function gives true when the ids have the W3C form.
+ *
+ * @deprecated With an SDK of OpenTelemetry, the registered propagator writes and reads the trace
+ * context (roadmap C8 of otel-ts). A later MINOR removes this export, when each app registers an SDK (D6).
+ */
 export function isW3cIds(traceId, spanId) {
-    return /^[0-9a-f]{32}$/.test(traceId) && /^[0-9a-f]{16}$/.test(spanId) && traceId !== ZERO_TRACE && spanId !== ZERO_SPAN;
+    return isValidTraceId(traceId) && isValidSpanId(spanId) && !UPPERCASE_HEX.test(traceId) && !UPPERCASE_HEX.test(spanId);
 }
-/** The `traceparent` of a trace and a span. */
+/**
+ * This function gives the `traceparent` of a trace and a span.
+ *
+ * @deprecated With an SDK of OpenTelemetry, the registered propagator writes and reads the trace
+ * context (roadmap C8 of otel-ts). A later MINOR removes this export, when each app registers an SDK (D6).
+ */
 export function formatTraceparent(traceId, spanId, sampled = true) {
     return `00-${traceId}-${spanId}-${sampled ? "01" : "00"}`;
 }
-/** The trace context of a `traceparent` value, or undefined when it is not valid. */
+/**
+ * This function gives the trace context of a `traceparent` value, or undefined when it is not valid.
+ *
+ * @deprecated With an SDK of OpenTelemetry, the registered propagator writes and reads the trace
+ * context (roadmap C8 of otel-ts). A later MINOR removes this export, when each app registers an SDK (D6).
+ */
 export function parseTraceparent(value) {
     if (typeof value !== "string")
         return undefined;
     const match = TRACEPARENT.exec(value.trim().toLowerCase());
     if (!match)
         return undefined;
-    const [, traceId, spanId, flags] = match;
-    if (traceId === ZERO_TRACE || spanId === ZERO_SPAN)
+    const [, traceId = "", spanId = "", flags = ""] = match;
+    if (!isValidTraceId(traceId) || !isValidSpanId(spanId))
         return undefined;
-    return { traceId: traceId, spanId: spanId, sampled: (parseInt(flags, 16) & 1) === 1 };
+    return { traceId, spanId, sampled: (parseInt(flags, 16) & 1) === 1 };
 }
 //# sourceMappingURL=traceparent.js.map

package/dist/tracing/traceparent.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "$schema": "https://json.schemastore.org/package",
   "name": "@procedures/client",
-  "version": "0.52.2",
+  "version": "0.53.1",
   "description": "Procedures as data for TypeScript: define typed procedures once and call them in process, over HTTP, WebSocket, the CLI or MCP. Streaming, middleware, retries, caching and a JSON program format.",
   "keywords": [
     "rpc",
@@ -112,19 +112,29 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@mark1russell7/algebra": "^0.8.0",
-    "@mark1russell7/coeval": "^0.22.0",
+    "@mark1russell7/coeval": "^0.26.1",
     "@mark1russell7/collections": "^0.5.0",
     "@mark1russell7/quantity": "^0.3.0",
-    "@mark1russell7/service": "^0.6.0",
+    "@mark1russell7/service": "^0.8.3",
+    "@opentelemetry/api": "^1.9.0",
     "@types/ws": "^8.18.1",
     "ws": "^8.18.3",
     "zod": "^4.6.5"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@mark1russell7/api-report": "^0.4.1",
+    "@mark1russell7/api-report": "^0.5.0",
     "@mark1russell7/cue": "^2.1.1",
-    "@mark1russell7/rigor-bench": "^0.2.25",
+    "@mark1russell7/otel-ts": "^0.6.0",
+    "@mark1russell7/rigor-bench": "^0.2.33",
     "@mark1russell7/rigor-statistics": "^0.1.9",
+    "@mark1russell7/rigor-testkit": "^0.1.2",
+    "@opentelemetry/api-logs": "^0.223.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/context-async-hooks": "^2.12.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/core": "^2.12.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/sdk-logs": "^0.223.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/sdk-metrics": "^2.12.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/sdk-node": "~0.223.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-base": "^2.12.0",
     "@stryker-mutator/core": "10.0.0",
     "@stryker-mutator/vitest-runner": "10.0.0",
     "@types/express": "^5.0.0",

package/src/adapters/http/client/batch.ts

@@ -86,7 +86,12 @@ class Channel<T> {
   private readonly items: T[] = [];
   private ended = false;
   private wake: (() => void) | undefined;
-  private room: (() => void) | undefined;
+  /**
+   * The pushes that wait for room. The reader of the batch waits here, and the last item of an
+   * abort can wait here too. Each one gets the room. Before, a second push took the place of the
+   * first, and the reader of the batch waited with no end (audit 2026-11-08).
+   */
+  private readonly rooms: Array<() => void> = [];
 
   /** It resolves when the reader has room for more items. */
   push(item: T): Promise<void> {
@@ -94,7 +99,7 @@ class Channel<T> {
     this.items.push(item);
     this.wake?.();
     if (this.items.length < HIGH_WATER) return Promise.resolve();
-    return new Promise<void>((resolve) => (this.room = resolve));
+    return new Promise<void>((resolve) => this.rooms.push(resolve));
   }
 
   end(): void {
@@ -104,9 +109,7 @@ class Channel<T> {
   }
 
   private free(): void {
-    const room = this.room;
-    this.room = undefined;
-    room?.();
+    for (const room of this.rooms.splice(0)) room();
   }
 
   async *read(): AsyncGenerator<T, void, undefined> {

package/src/adapters/http/server/cors.ts

@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ export const DEFAULT_CORS_HEADERS: readonly string[] = Object.freeze([
   HTTPHeaders.SPAN_ID,
   HTTPHeaders.PARENT_SPAN_ID,
   "traceparent",
+  "tracestate",
+  "baggage",
   PROTOCOL_HEADER,
   HTTPHeaders.METADATA,
   // The narrowing key of a call (CLI-30)

package/src/adapters/port/transport.ts

@@ -45,6 +45,50 @@ export interface PortLike {
   start?(): void;
 }
 
+/** The listener of a port of the main process of Electron: it gets an event, and the message is its `data`. */
+type MainListener = (event: { readonly data: unknown }) => void;
+
+/**
+ * A port of the main process of Electron (`MessagePortMain`). The listener of its `on` gets an event with the message
+ * in `data`. The Node form of `PortLike` gets the message itself, so `electronPortOf` changes the form.
+ */
+export interface MainPortLike {
+  postMessage(message: unknown): void;
+  on(type: "message", listener: MainListener): unknown;
+  off?(type: "message", listener: MainListener): unknown;
+  start(): void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * This function gives the `PortLike` of a port of the main process of Electron. Each listener gets the `data` of the
+ * event. `off` removes the listener that `on` added, so the close of a `PortTransport` stops to listen.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * const { port1, port2 } = new MessageChannelMain();
+ * new PortTransport(electronPortOf(port1), { serve: server });
+ * window.webContents.postMessage("ports", null, [port2]);
+ * ```
+ */
+export function electronPortOf(port: MainPortLike): PortLike {
+  const listeners = new Map<(data: unknown) => void, MainListener>();
+  return {
+    postMessage: (message) => port.postMessage(message),
+    on(type, listener) {
+      const each: MainListener = (event) => listener(event.data);
+      listeners.set(listener, each);
+      return port.on(type, each);
+    },
+    off(type, listener) {
+      const each = listeners.get(listener);
+      if (each === undefined) return undefined;
+      listeners.delete(listener);
+      return port.off?.(type, each);
+    },
+    start: () => port.start(),
+  };
+}
+
 /** The options of a `PortTransport`. */
 export interface PortTransportOptions {
   /** The handler of the calls of the other side, for example a `ProcedureServer`. */

package/src/browser.ts

@@ -469,8 +469,8 @@ export type { MachineDocument, MachineTransition, MachineTransitionDef, MachineT
 export { TIMER_DEFAULTS } from "./timers.js";
 export type { TimerDefaults } from "./timers.js";
 // The transport over a message port: a Web Worker, a MessageChannel (roadmap R27)
-export { PortTransport } from "./adapters/port/transport.js";
-export type { PortLike, PortTransportOptions } from "./adapters/port/transport.js";
+export { PortTransport, electronPortOf } from "./adapters/port/transport.js";
+export type { MainPortLike, PortLike, PortTransportOptions } from "./adapters/port/transport.js";
 // The W3C trace context: one trace from the client to the handler (roadmap R16)
 export { TRACEPARENT_METADATA_KEY, formatTraceparent, parseTraceparent, newTraceId, newSpanId, isW3cIds } from "./tracing/traceparent.js";
 export type { TraceContext } from "./tracing/traceparent.js";

package/src/client/batch-executor.ts

@@ -460,6 +460,9 @@ export function determineStrategy(
 
 /**
  * Semaphore for limiting concurrent executions.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Use `semaphore()` of `@mark1russell7/collections`, the home of the semaphore. Its `run(task)` replaces
+ * `withPermit(fn)`, and its `acquire()` gives the release function. The next MINOR break of `@procedures/client` removes this class.
  */
 export class Semaphore {
   private permits: number;

package/src/client/client.ts

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ import {
 import { narrowCapability } from "../procedures/capability.js";
 import { DEADLINE_METADATA_KEY, TIMEOUT_METADATA_KEY, absorbTimeout, writeRemainingTime } from "./deadline.js";
 import { ms } from "../duration.js";
+import { context as otelContext, SpanKind, trace } from "@opentelemetry/api";
+import { asInternalCall, callParent, callerTraceOf, endApiSpan, injectContext, startApiSpan, type CallerTrace } from "../tracing/otel.js";
 import type { Capability, ClearanceOrder, NestedCallOptions } from "../procedures/types.js";
 import { PROCEDURE_REGISTRY } from "../procedures/registry.js";
 import { validateSchema } from "../procedures/schema.js";
@@ -825,8 +827,9 @@ export class Client<TContext = {}> {
     // remaining time again for each try (roadmap R10)
     absorbTimeout(message.metadata);
 
-    // Compose middleware chain
-    const runner = this.composeMiddleware<TReq, TRes>();
+    // Compose middleware chain. The trace context that the caller gave in the metadata is read
+    // before a middleware or a try writes its own (roadmap C19 of otel-ts).
+    const runner = this.composeMiddleware<TReq, TRes>(callerTraceOf(message.metadata as Record<string, unknown>));
 
     // Execute through middleware chain
     const context: ClientContext<TReq> = { message };
@@ -897,7 +900,7 @@ export class Client<TContext = {}> {
         metadata["timeout"] = NO_SUBSCRIPTION_TIMEOUT as unknown as NonNullable<Metadata["timeout"]>;
         Object.assign(metadata, message.metadata);
         absorbTimeout(metadata);
-        return this.composeMiddleware<TReq, TRes>()({ message: { ...message, metadata } });
+        return this.composeMiddleware<TReq, TRes>(callerTraceOf(metadata as Record<string, unknown>))({ message: { ...message, metadata } });
       };
       this.subscriptionTransport = { send };
     }
@@ -907,17 +910,40 @@ export class Client<TContext = {}> {
   /**
    * Compose middleware chain using universal middleware composition.
    *
+   * @param caller - The trace context that the caller gave in the metadata of the call. It is the
+   *   parent of the span of each try when no span is active (roadmap C19 of otel-ts).
    * @returns Composed runner function
    * @private
    */
-  private composeMiddleware<TReq, TRes>(): ClientRunner<TReq, TRes> {
+  private composeMiddleware<TReq, TRes>(caller: CallerTrace): ClientRunner<TReq, TRes> {
     // Innermost function: call transport
     const self = this;
     const transportRunner: ClientRunner<TReq, TRes> = async function* (context: ClientContext<TReq>) {
       // The remaining time of the deadline goes with each try, so the server stops the handler
       // when this client stops waiting (roadmap R10)
       writeRemainingTime(context.message.metadata);
-      yield* self.transport.send<TReq, TRes>(context.message);
+      // With an SDK of OpenTelemetry, each try is a span of the API, and the propagator writes its
+      // context into the metadata, with the mark of an internal call (roadmap C8 of otel-ts)
+      const { metadata, method } = context.message;
+      const active = callParent(caller, otelContext.active());
+      const span = startApiSpan(`${method.service}.${method.operation}`, SpanKind.CLIENT, active);
+      if (span === undefined) {
+        yield* self.transport.send<TReq, TRes>(context.message);
+        return;
+      }
+      const own = span.spanContext();
+      const parent = trace.getSpanContext(active);
+      metadata.tracing = { traceId: own.traceId, spanId: own.spanId, ...(parent ? { parentSpanId: parent.spanId } : {}) };
+      injectContext(asInternalCall(trace.setSpan(active, span)), metadata as Record<string, unknown>);
+      let failure: unknown;
+      try {
+        yield* self.transport.send<TReq, TRes>(context.message);
+      } catch (error) {
+        failure = error;
+        throw error;
+      } finally {
+        endApiSpan(span, failure);
+      }
     };
 
     // The first middleware is the outermost one (onion model)

package/src/client/middleware/cache.ts

@@ -137,6 +137,8 @@ const VOLATILE_METADATA = new Set([
   "idempotency-key",
   "procedure-timeout",
   "traceparent",
+  "tracestate",
+  "baggage",
 ]);
 
 /** The part of the metadata that can change a response. */

package/src/client/middleware/rate-limit.ts

@@ -308,8 +308,10 @@ export function createRateLimitMiddleware(
     while (queue.length > 0) {
       const decision = take();
       if (!decision.allowed) {
-        // The time until the next whole token
-        const wait = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(valueIn(decision.retryAfter, "ms")));
+        // The time until the next whole token. A take of one unit is never over a burst of 1 or more,
+        // so a capacity refusal does not occur here. If it occurs, the queue waits one window.
+        const wait =
+          decision.cause === "capacity" ? Math.max(1, window) : Math.max(1, Math.ceil(valueIn(decision.retryAfter, "ms")));
         drainTimer = clock.after(wait, () => {
           drainTimer = undefined;
           scheduleDrain();

package/src/events/bus.ts

@@ -44,6 +44,19 @@ function nextTask(slice: () => void): void {
   else setTimeout(slice, 0);
 }
 
+/** The emit whose handler runs, or undefined. A handler that emits gets the mark of its own emit. */
+let emitting: object | undefined;
+
+/**
+ * This function gives the mark of the emit whose handler runs: one object for each `emit()` of a
+ * `DefaultEventBus`. Each handler of that emit gets the same object. It gives undefined outside a handler, in
+ * the replay of the buffer, and for another bus. The publisher ties the shared text of a value to
+ * one emit with it (audit 2026-11-08).
+ */
+export function currentEmission(): object | undefined {
+  return emitting;
+}
+
 /** The handlers of a channel, each with the number of its subscription, in the order of these numbers. */
 type ChannelHandlers = Map<EventHandler<unknown>, number>;
 
@@ -57,6 +70,8 @@ interface PendingEvent {
   readonly cursor: Iterator<[EventHandler<unknown>, number]>;
   /** The last subscription at `emit()`. A later handler does not get this event. */
   readonly lastSubscription: number;
+  /** The mark of the emit (`currentEmission()`): a small object, so a share keeps no handlers. */
+  readonly emission: object;
   done: boolean;
 }
 
@@ -142,11 +157,14 @@ export class DefaultEventBus implements EventBus {
       return;
     }
 
-    for (const handler of channelSubs.keys()) this.call(handler, data, channel);
+    const emission = {};
+    for (const handler of channelSubs.keys()) this.call(handler, data, channel, emission);
   }
 
   /** This function calls one handler. An error goes to `onError`, and it stops no other handler. */
-  private call(handler: EventHandler<unknown>, data: unknown, channel: string): void {
+  private call(handler: EventHandler<unknown>, data: unknown, channel: string, emission?: object): void {
+    const outer = emitting;
+    emitting = emission;
     try {
       const result = handler(data);
       // Handle async handlers
@@ -155,12 +173,14 @@ export class DefaultEventBus implements EventBus {
       }
     } catch (error) {
       this.options.onError(error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error)), channel);
+    } finally {
+      emitting = outer;
     }
   }
 
   /** This function puts an event in the queue of the slices. A full queue finishes its oldest events. */
   private enqueue(channel: string, data: unknown, handlers: ChannelHandlers, fanOut: Required<EventFanOutOptions>): void {
-    this.pending.push({ channel, data, handlers, cursor: handlers.entries(), lastSubscription: this.lastSubscription, done: false });
+    this.pending.push({ channel, data, handlers, cursor: handlers.entries(), lastSubscription: this.lastSubscription, emission: {}, done: false });
     this.pendingOn.set(channel, (this.pendingOn.get(channel) ?? 0) + 1);
     while (this.pending.length - this.pendingHead > fanOut.maxPending) {
       const oldest = this.pending[this.pendingHead]!;
@@ -201,7 +221,8 @@ export class DefaultEventBus implements EventBus {
         event.done = true;
         break;
       }
-      this.call(step.value[0], event.data, event.channel);
+      // Each slice of one emit gives the same mark
+      this.call(step.value[0], event.data, event.channel, event.emission);
       calls++;
     }
     return calls;

package/src/events/publisher.ts

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ import { collectionTopicTarget, partitionOfCall } from "../procedures/collection
 import type { AnyProcedure, Capability, ProcedureContext } from "../procedures/types.js";
 import type { Principal } from "../server/types.js";
 import type { EventBus, Unsubscribe } from "./types.js";
-import { getGlobalEventBus } from "./bus.js";
+import { currentEmission, getGlobalEventBus } from "./bus.js";
 import { LiveState, type LiveStateOptions } from "./live-state.js";
 import { EVENTS_SUBSCRIBE_PATH, type EventItem, type SubscribeInput } from "./remote.js";
 import { admittedValue, rowsOf } from "./rows.js";
@@ -221,6 +221,8 @@ function matchesName(field: RightsScope["collection"], name: string | undefined)
 interface QueuedEvent {
   readonly topic: string;
   readonly data: unknown;
+  /** The mark of the emit of the bus: the subscribers of one emit share the text of its data. */
+  readonly emission?: object | undefined;
 }
 
 /** The `reset` hint that a re-check gives to a subscriber with a row filter (roadmap CLI-78). */
@@ -296,7 +298,8 @@ class TopicSubscription implements AsyncIterableIterator<EventItem> {
   /** This function takes one event of the bus. It never waits. */
   private push(topic: string, data: unknown): void {
     if (this.closed) return;
-    const event: QueuedEvent = { topic, data };
+    const emission = currentEmission();
+    const event: QueuedEvent = emission === undefined ? { topic, data } : { topic, data, emission };
     const waiter = this.waiter;
     if (waiter && this.queue.length === 0 && !this.recheck) {
       this.waiter = undefined;
@@ -329,7 +332,7 @@ class TopicSubscription implements AsyncIterableIterator<EventItem> {
   private deliver(event: QueuedEvent): Promise<IteratorResult<EventItem>> {
     const filtered = this.filters?.get(event.topic)?.apply(event.data);
     // Each subscriber of the topic gets this same data, so a transport encodes it once (roadmap CLI-112)
-    if (!filtered) return this.item(event.topic, shareEncoding(event.data, this));
+    if (!filtered) return this.item(event.topic, shareEncoding(event.data, this, event.emission));
     return filtered.then(
       (data) => (data === DROPPED ? this.next() : this.item(event.topic, data)),
       // A filter that fails: the subscriber reads the changes itself

package/src/frame-encoding.ts

@@ -7,13 +7,15 @@
  * marked value once, at its first frame, and puts that text in each later frame of the same event. The text of a frame
  * is byte-equal to `JSON.stringify` of the frame at that first encode.
  *
- * A source can publish the same object again after a change. A receiver that gets the object a second time starts a
- * new event, so the next frame encodes the object again. The text of one event is the value at its first encode.
+ * A source can publish the same object again after a change. The publisher gives the mark of each emit of the bus.
+ * Another mark starts a new event, so the next frame encodes the object again. Without a mark, a receiver that gets
+ * the object a second time starts a new event. The text of one event is the value at its first encode.
  */
 
-/** One event of a shared value: the receivers that got it, and its text after the first frame. */
+/** One event of a shared value: the receivers that got it, the mark of its emit, and its text after the first frame. */
 interface Share {
   readonly receivers: WeakSet<object>;
+  readonly emission: object | undefined;
   text?: string;
 }
 
@@ -29,14 +31,19 @@ let encodes = 0;
 const DEPTH = 3;
 
 /**
- * This function marks a value as shared by the frames of the receivers of one event, and gives the value back. When the
- * receiver got the value before, the value starts a new event, and its first frame encodes the value again.
+ * This function marks a value as shared by the frames of the receivers of one event, and gives the value back. The
+ * value starts a new event when the mark of its emit is another mark, or when the receiver got the value before. The
+ * first frame of a new event encodes the value again. Before the mark, a receiver that joined after an emit got the
+ * text of that emit for a later emit of the changed object (audit 2026-11-08).
  */
-export function shareEncoding<T>(value: T, receiver: object): T {
+export function shareEncoding<T>(value: T, receiver: object, emission?: object): T {
   if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null) return value;
   const share = shares.get(value);
-  if (share === undefined || share.receivers.has(receiver)) shares.set(value, { receivers: new WeakSet([receiver]) });
-  else share.receivers.add(receiver);
+  if (share === undefined || share.receivers.has(receiver) || share.emission !== emission) {
+    shares.set(value, { receivers: new WeakSet([receiver]), emission });
+  } else {
+    share.receivers.add(receiver);
+  }
   return value;
 }
 

package/src/procedures/interceptors.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ import { InvocationError, closableUnread, type Interceptor, type Invocation, typ
 import { pathToKey, type ProcedurePath } from "./types.js";
 import { toMs, type Duration } from "../duration.js";
 import { TRACEPARENT_METADATA_KEY, formatTraceparent, newSpanId, newTraceId, parseTraceparent } from "../tracing/traceparent.js";
+import { context as otelContext, isSpanContextValid, SpanKind, trace, type Span } from "@opentelemetry/api";
+import { endApiSpan, remoteParent, startApiSpan } from "../tracing/otel.js";
 
 // =============================================================================
 // Timeout
@@ -134,7 +136,10 @@ export interface InvocationSpan {
    * remote caller, when the caller sent a `traceparent` (roadmap R16), or none.
    */
   readonly parentId: string | undefined;
-  /** True when the parent span is in another process: the caller of a host. */
+  /**
+   * True when the parent span came from the `traceparent` of the call: the caller of a host. With an
+   * SDK of OpenTelemetry, a local call of a client also has a remote parent: the span of its client.
+   */
   readonly remoteParent?: boolean | undefined;
   /** The same for every span of one call of a host, and of its caller when it sent a trace. */
   readonly traceId: string;
@@ -162,6 +167,12 @@ export interface TracingInterceptorOptions {
   onStart?: ((span: InvocationSpan) => void) | undefined;
   /** The clock. The default is `performance.now()`. */
   now?: (() => number) | undefined;
+  /**
+   * With an SDK of OpenTelemetry, each invocation is also a span of the API, and the span ids come
+   * from it: a host span (`SERVER`) for a call of a host, an `INTERNAL` span for a nested call.
+   * The handler runs in the context of its span. Default: true. With no SDK, this option does nothing.
+   */
+  apiSpans?: boolean | undefined;
 }
 
 
@@ -173,6 +184,8 @@ export function tracingInterceptor(options: TracingInterceptorOptions): Intercep
   const now = options.now ?? (() => performance.now());
   /** The open spans, by the id of their invocation */
   const open = new Map<number, InvocationSpan>();
+  /** The open spans of the API, by the id of their invocation */
+  const apiOpen = new Map<number, Span>();
 
   const finish = (span: InvocationSpan, invocationId: number, error?: unknown): void => {
     span.end = now();
@@ -186,22 +199,35 @@ export function tracingInterceptor(options: TracingInterceptorOptions): Intercep
       span.status = "ok";
     }
     open.delete(invocationId);
+    const apiSpan = apiOpen.get(invocationId);
+    if (apiSpan !== undefined) {
+      apiOpen.delete(invocationId);
+      endApiSpan(apiSpan, error);
+    }
     options.onSpan(span);
   };
 
   return async (invocation, next) => {
     const parent = invocation.parent ? open.get(invocation.parent.id) : undefined;
-    // A call of a host continues the trace of its caller (W3C traceparent, roadmap R16)
-    const remote = parent ? undefined : parseTraceparent(invocation.metadata[TRACEPARENT_METADATA_KEY]);
+    const key = pathToKey(invocation.path);
+    // With an SDK, the span of the API gives the ids (roadmap C8 of otel-ts, D5). The parent is the
+    // span of the parent invocation, else the span of the traceparent of the call.
+    const parentApi = invocation.parent ? apiOpen.get(invocation.parent.id) : undefined;
+    const apiParent = parentApi !== undefined ? trace.setSpan(otelContext.active(), parentApi) : remoteParent(invocation.metadata);
+    const apiSpan = options.apiSpans === false ? undefined : startApiSpan(key, invocation.parent ? SpanKind.INTERNAL : SpanKind.SERVER, apiParent);
+    const apiParentSpan = apiSpan === undefined ? undefined : trace.getSpanContext(apiParent);
+    // With no SDK: a call of a host continues the trace of its caller (W3C traceparent, roadmap R16)
+    const remote = parent || apiSpan ? undefined : parseTraceparent(invocation.metadata[TRACEPARENT_METADATA_KEY]);
     // W3C span ids, so a trace backend can join the spans of the client and of the server
-    const id = newSpanId();
+    const id = apiSpan?.spanContext().spanId ?? newSpanId();
+    const apiParentId = apiParentSpan !== undefined && isSpanContextValid(apiParentSpan) ? apiParentSpan.spanId : undefined;
     const span: InvocationSpan = {
       id,
-      parentId: parent?.id ?? remote?.spanId,
-      ...(remote ? { remoteParent: true } : {}),
-      traceId: parent?.traceId ?? remote?.traceId ?? newTraceId(),
+      parentId: apiSpan ? apiParentId : (parent?.id ?? remote?.spanId),
+      ...(remote || (apiParentId !== undefined && apiParentSpan?.isRemote === true) ? { remoteParent: true } : {}),
+      traceId: apiSpan?.spanContext().traceId ?? parent?.traceId ?? remote?.traceId ?? newTraceId(),
       path: invocation.path,
-      key: pathToKey(invocation.path),
+      key,
       depth: invocation.depth,
       start: now(),
       end: undefined,
@@ -209,12 +235,16 @@ export function tracingInterceptor(options: TracingInterceptorOptions): Intercep
       status: "running",
     };
     open.set(invocation.id, span);
+    if (apiSpan !== undefined) apiOpen.set(invocation.id, apiSpan);
     options.onStart?.(span);
 
     let output: ProcedureOutput<unknown>;
     try {
       // The nested calls (and their remote calls) carry the span of this invocation (R16)
-      output = await next({ metadata: { ...invocation.metadata, [TRACEPARENT_METADATA_KEY]: formatTraceparent(span.traceId, id) } });
+      const sampled = apiSpan === undefined || (apiSpan.spanContext().traceFlags & 1) === 1;
+      const run = () => next({ metadata: { ...invocation.metadata, [TRACEPARENT_METADATA_KEY]: formatTraceparent(span.traceId, id, sampled) } });
+      // The handler runs in the context of its span, so its logs, metrics and calls get the ids
+      output = await (apiSpan === undefined ? run() : otelContext.with(trace.setSpan(apiParent, apiSpan), run));
     } catch (error) {
       finish(span, invocation.id, error);
       throw error;
@@ -286,6 +316,7 @@ export function metricsInterceptor(options: { now?: () => number } = {}): Metric
   };
   return {
     interceptor: tracingInterceptor({
+      apiSpans: false,
       onSpan: (span) => record(span.key, span.durationMs ?? 0, span.status === "error"),
       ...(options.now ? { now: options.now } : {}),
     }),