@prisma/streams-server 0.0.1 → 0.1.0

package/src/touch/live_metrics.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,858 @@
+import type { IngestQueue } from "../ingest";
+import type { SqliteDurableStore } from "../db/db";
+import { STREAM_FLAG_TOUCH } from "../db/db";
+import { encodeOffset } from "../offset";
+import type { TouchConfig } from "./spec";
+import type { TemplateLifecycleEvent } from "./live_templates";
+import { resolveTouchStreamName } from "./naming";
+import type { RoutingKeyNotifier } from "./routing_key_notifier";
+import type { TouchJournalIntervalStats, TouchJournalMeta } from "./touch_journal";
+import { Result } from "better-result";
+
+export type TouchKind = "table" | "template";
+
+export type TouchEventPayload = {
+  sourceOffset: string;
+  entity: string;
+  kind: TouchKind;
+  templateId?: string;
+};
+
+type WaitOutcome = "touched" | "timeout" | "stale";
+type EnsureLiveMetricsStreamError = {
+  kind: "live_metrics_stream_content_type_mismatch";
+  message: string;
+};
+
+type LatencyHistogram = {
+  bounds: number[];
+  counts: number[];
+  record: (ms: number) => void;
+  p50: () => number;
+  p95: () => number;
+  p99: () => number;
+  reset: () => void;
+};
+
+function makeLatencyHistogram(): LatencyHistogram {
+  const bounds = [1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10_000, 30_000, 120_000];
+  const counts = new Array(bounds.length + 1).fill(0);
+  const record = (ms: number) => {
+    const x = Math.max(0, Math.floor(ms));
+    let i = 0;
+    while (i < bounds.length && x > bounds[i]) i++;
+    counts[i] += 1;
+  };
+  const quantile = (q: number) => {
+    const total = counts.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
+    if (total === 0) return 0;
+    const target = Math.ceil(total * q);
+    let acc = 0;
+    for (let i = 0; i < counts.length; i++) {
+      acc += counts[i];
+      if (acc >= target) {
+        return i < bounds.length ? bounds[i] : bounds[bounds.length - 1];
+      }
+    }
+    return bounds[bounds.length - 1];
+  };
+  const reset = () => {
+    for (let i = 0; i < counts.length; i++) counts[i] = 0;
+  };
+  return { bounds, counts, record, p50: () => quantile(0.5), p95: () => quantile(0.95), p99: () => quantile(0.99), reset };
+}
+
+function nowIso(ms: number): string {
+  return new Date(ms).toISOString();
+}
+
+function envString(name: string): string | null {
+  const v = process.env[name];
+  return v && v.trim() !== "" ? v.trim() : null;
+}
+
+function getInstanceId(): string {
+  return envString("DS_INSTANCE_ID") ?? envString("HOSTNAME") ?? "local";
+}
+
+function getRegion(): string {
+  return envString("DS_REGION") ?? "local";
+}
+
+type StreamCounters = {
+  touch: {
+    coarseIntervalMs: number;
+    coalesceWindowMs: number;
+    mode: "idle" | "fine" | "restricted" | "coarseOnly";
+    hotFineKeys: number;
+    hotTemplates: number;
+    hotFineKeysActive: number;
+    hotFineKeysGrace: number;
+    hotTemplatesActive: number;
+    hotTemplatesGrace: number;
+    fineWaitersActive: number;
+    coarseWaitersActive: number;
+    broadFineWaitersActive: number;
+    touchesEmitted: number;
+    uniqueKeysTouched: number;
+    tableTouchesEmitted: number;
+    templateTouchesEmitted: number;
+    staleResponses: number;
+    fineTouchesDroppedDueToBudget: number;
+    fineTouchesSkippedColdTemplate: number;
+    fineTouchesSkippedColdKey: number;
+    fineTouchesSkippedTemplateBucket: number;
+    fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToLag: number;
+    fineTouchesSuppressedMsDueToLag: number;
+    fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToBudget: number;
+  };
+  gc: {
+    baseWalGcCalls: number;
+    baseWalGcDeletedRows: number;
+    baseWalGcDeletedBytes: number;
+    baseWalGcMsSum: number;
+    baseWalGcMsMax: number;
+  };
+  templates: {
+    activated: number;
+    retired: number;
+    evicted: number;
+    activationDenied: number;
+  };
+  wait: {
+    calls: number;
+    keysWatchedTotal: number;
+    touched: number;
+    timeout: number;
+    stale: number;
+    latencySumMs: number;
+    latencyHist: LatencyHistogram;
+  };
+  interpreter: {
+    eventsIn: number;
+    changesOut: number;
+    errors: number;
+    lagSourceOffsets: number;
+    scannedBatches: number;
+    scannedButEmitted0Batches: number;
+    noInterestFastForwardBatches: number;
+    interpretedThroughDelta: number;
+    touchesEmittedDelta: number;
+    commitLagSamples: number;
+    commitLagMsSum: number;
+    commitLagHist: LatencyHistogram;
+  };
+};
+
+function defaultCounters(touchCfg: TouchConfig): StreamCounters {
+  return {
+    touch: {
+      coarseIntervalMs: touchCfg.coarseIntervalMs ?? 100,
+      coalesceWindowMs: touchCfg.touchCoalesceWindowMs ?? 100,
+      mode: "idle",
+      hotFineKeys: 0,
+      hotTemplates: 0,
+      hotFineKeysActive: 0,
+      hotFineKeysGrace: 0,
+      hotTemplatesActive: 0,
+      hotTemplatesGrace: 0,
+      fineWaitersActive: 0,
+      coarseWaitersActive: 0,
+      broadFineWaitersActive: 0,
+      touchesEmitted: 0,
+      uniqueKeysTouched: 0,
+      tableTouchesEmitted: 0,
+      templateTouchesEmitted: 0,
+      staleResponses: 0,
+      fineTouchesDroppedDueToBudget: 0,
+      fineTouchesSkippedColdTemplate: 0,
+      fineTouchesSkippedColdKey: 0,
+      fineTouchesSkippedTemplateBucket: 0,
+      fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToLag: 0,
+      fineTouchesSuppressedMsDueToLag: 0,
+      fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToBudget: 0,
+    },
+    gc: {
+      baseWalGcCalls: 0,
+      baseWalGcDeletedRows: 0,
+      baseWalGcDeletedBytes: 0,
+      baseWalGcMsSum: 0,
+      baseWalGcMsMax: 0,
+    },
+    templates: { activated: 0, retired: 0, evicted: 0, activationDenied: 0 },
+    wait: { calls: 0, keysWatchedTotal: 0, touched: 0, timeout: 0, stale: 0, latencySumMs: 0, latencyHist: makeLatencyHistogram() },
+    interpreter: {
+      eventsIn: 0,
+      changesOut: 0,
+      errors: 0,
+      lagSourceOffsets: 0,
+      scannedBatches: 0,
+      scannedButEmitted0Batches: 0,
+      noInterestFastForwardBatches: 0,
+      interpretedThroughDelta: 0,
+      touchesEmittedDelta: 0,
+      commitLagSamples: 0,
+      commitLagMsSum: 0,
+      commitLagHist: makeLatencyHistogram(),
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+export class LiveMetricsV2 {
+  private readonly db: SqliteDurableStore;
+  private readonly ingest: IngestQueue;
+  private readonly metricsStream: string;
+  private readonly enabled: boolean;
+  private readonly intervalMs: number;
+  private readonly snapshotIntervalMs: number;
+  private readonly snapshotChunkSize: number;
+  private readonly retentionMs: number;
+  private readonly routingKeyNotifier?: RoutingKeyNotifier;
+  private readonly getTouchJournal?: (derivedStream: string) => { meta: TouchJournalMeta; interval: TouchJournalIntervalStats } | null;
+  private timer: any | null = null;
+  private snapshotTimer: any | null = null;
+  private retentionTimer: any | null = null;
+  private lagTimer: any | null = null;
+
+  private readonly instanceId = getInstanceId();
+  private readonly region = getRegion();
+
+  private readonly counters = new Map<string, StreamCounters>();
+
+  private lagExpectedMs = 0;
+  private lagMaxMs = 0;
+  private lagSumMs = 0;
+  private lagSamples = 0;
+
+  constructor(
+    db: SqliteDurableStore,
+    ingest: IngestQueue,
+    opts?: {
+      enabled?: boolean;
+      stream?: string;
+      intervalMs?: number;
+      snapshotIntervalMs?: number;
+      snapshotChunkSize?: number;
+      retentionMs?: number;
+      routingKeyNotifier?: RoutingKeyNotifier;
+      getTouchJournal?: (derivedStream: string) => { meta: TouchJournalMeta; interval: TouchJournalIntervalStats } | null;
+    }
+  ) {
+    this.db = db;
+    this.ingest = ingest;
+    this.enabled = opts?.enabled !== false;
+    this.metricsStream = opts?.stream ?? "live.metrics";
+    this.intervalMs = opts?.intervalMs ?? 1000;
+    this.snapshotIntervalMs = opts?.snapshotIntervalMs ?? 60_000;
+    this.snapshotChunkSize = opts?.snapshotChunkSize ?? 200;
+    this.retentionMs = opts?.retentionMs ?? 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
+    this.routingKeyNotifier = opts?.routingKeyNotifier;
+    this.getTouchJournal = opts?.getTouchJournal;
+  }
+
+  start(): void {
+    if (!this.enabled) return;
+    if (this.timer) return;
+    this.timer = setInterval(() => {
+      void this.flushTick();
+    }, this.intervalMs);
+    this.snapshotTimer = setInterval(() => {
+      void this.emitSnapshots();
+    }, this.snapshotIntervalMs);
+    // Retention trims are best-effort; 60s granularity is fine.
+    this.retentionTimer = setInterval(() => {
+      try {
+        this.db.trimWalByAge(this.metricsStream, this.retentionMs);
+      } catch {
+        // ignore
+      }
+    }, 60_000);
+
+    // Track event-loop lag at a tighter cadence than the tick interval to
+    // debug cases where timeouts/fire events are delayed under load.
+    const lagIntervalMs = 100;
+    this.lagExpectedMs = Date.now() + lagIntervalMs;
+    this.lagMaxMs = 0;
+    this.lagSumMs = 0;
+    this.lagSamples = 0;
+    this.lagTimer = setInterval(() => {
+      const now = Date.now();
+      const lag = Math.max(0, now - this.lagExpectedMs);
+      this.lagMaxMs = Math.max(this.lagMaxMs, lag);
+      this.lagSumMs += lag;
+      this.lagSamples += 1;
+      this.lagExpectedMs += lagIntervalMs;
+      // If the loop was paused for a long time, avoid building up a huge debt.
+      if (this.lagExpectedMs < now - 5 * lagIntervalMs) this.lagExpectedMs = now + lagIntervalMs;
+    }, lagIntervalMs);
+  }
+
+  stop(): void {
+    if (this.timer) clearInterval(this.timer);
+    if (this.snapshotTimer) clearInterval(this.snapshotTimer);
+    if (this.retentionTimer) clearInterval(this.retentionTimer);
+    if (this.lagTimer) clearInterval(this.lagTimer);
+    this.timer = null;
+    this.snapshotTimer = null;
+    this.retentionTimer = null;
+    this.lagTimer = null;
+  }
+
+  ensureStreamResult(): Result<void, EnsureLiveMetricsStreamError> {
+    if (!this.enabled) return Result.ok(undefined);
+    const existing = this.db.getStream(this.metricsStream);
+    if (existing) {
+      if (String(existing.content_type) !== "application/json") {
+        return Result.err({
+          kind: "live_metrics_stream_content_type_mismatch",
+          message: `live metrics stream content-type mismatch: ${existing.content_type}`,
+        });
+      }
+      if ((existing.stream_flags & STREAM_FLAG_TOUCH) === 0) this.db.addStreamFlags(this.metricsStream, STREAM_FLAG_TOUCH);
+      return Result.ok(undefined);
+    }
+    // Treat live.metrics as WAL-only (like touch streams) so age-based retention
+    // is enforceable without segment/object-store GC.
+    this.db.ensureStream(this.metricsStream, { contentType: "application/json", streamFlags: STREAM_FLAG_TOUCH });
+    return Result.ok(undefined);
+  }
+
+  private get(stream: string, touchCfg: TouchConfig): StreamCounters {
+    const existing = this.counters.get(stream);
+    if (existing) return existing;
+    const c = defaultCounters(touchCfg);
+    this.counters.set(stream, c);
+    return c;
+  }
+
+  private ensure(stream: string): StreamCounters {
+    const existing = this.counters.get(stream);
+    if (existing) return existing;
+    // Use defaults; actual config values will be filled in when we observe the stream.
+    const c = defaultCounters({ enabled: true } as TouchConfig);
+    this.counters.set(stream, c);
+    return c;
+  }
+
+  recordInterpreterError(stream: string, touchCfg: TouchConfig): void {
+    const c = this.get(stream, touchCfg);
+    c.interpreter.errors += 1;
+  }
+
+  recordInterpreterBatch(args: {
+    stream: string;
+    touchCfg: TouchConfig;
+    rowsRead: number;
+    changes: number;
+    touches: Array<{ keyId: number; kind: TouchKind }>;
+    lagSourceOffsets: number;
+    touchMode: "idle" | "fine" | "restricted" | "coarseOnly";
+    hotFineKeys?: number;
+    hotTemplates?: number;
+    hotFineKeysActive?: number;
+    hotFineKeysGrace?: number;
+    hotTemplatesActive?: number;
+    hotTemplatesGrace?: number;
+    fineWaitersActive?: number;
+    coarseWaitersActive?: number;
+    broadFineWaitersActive?: number;
+    commitLagMs?: number;
+    fineTouchesDroppedDueToBudget?: number;
+    fineTouchesSkippedColdTemplate?: number;
+    fineTouchesSkippedColdKey?: number;
+    fineTouchesSkippedTemplateBucket?: number;
+    fineTouchesSuppressedDueToLag?: boolean;
+    fineTouchesSuppressedDueToLagMs?: number;
+    fineTouchesSuppressedDueToBudget?: boolean;
+    scannedButEmitted0?: boolean;
+    noInterestFastForward?: boolean;
+    interpretedThroughDelta?: number;
+    touchesEmittedDelta?: number;
+  }): void {
+    const c = this.get(args.stream, args.touchCfg);
+    c.touch.coarseIntervalMs = args.touchCfg.coarseIntervalMs ?? c.touch.coarseIntervalMs;
+    c.touch.coalesceWindowMs = args.touchCfg.touchCoalesceWindowMs ?? c.touch.coalesceWindowMs;
+    c.touch.mode = args.touchMode;
+    c.touch.hotFineKeys = Math.max(c.touch.hotFineKeys, Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.hotFineKeys ?? 0)));
+    c.touch.hotTemplates = Math.max(c.touch.hotTemplates, Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.hotTemplates ?? 0)));
+    c.touch.hotFineKeysActive = Math.max(c.touch.hotFineKeysActive, Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.hotFineKeysActive ?? 0)));
+    c.touch.hotFineKeysGrace = Math.max(c.touch.hotFineKeysGrace, Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.hotFineKeysGrace ?? 0)));
+    c.touch.hotTemplatesActive = Math.max(c.touch.hotTemplatesActive, Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.hotTemplatesActive ?? 0)));
+    c.touch.hotTemplatesGrace = Math.max(c.touch.hotTemplatesGrace, Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.hotTemplatesGrace ?? 0)));
+    c.touch.fineWaitersActive = Math.max(c.touch.fineWaitersActive, Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.fineWaitersActive ?? 0)));
+    c.touch.coarseWaitersActive = Math.max(c.touch.coarseWaitersActive, Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.coarseWaitersActive ?? 0)));
+    c.touch.broadFineWaitersActive = Math.max(c.touch.broadFineWaitersActive, Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.broadFineWaitersActive ?? 0)));
+    c.interpreter.eventsIn += Math.max(0, args.rowsRead);
+    c.interpreter.changesOut += Math.max(0, args.changes);
+    c.interpreter.lagSourceOffsets = Math.max(c.interpreter.lagSourceOffsets, Math.max(0, args.lagSourceOffsets));
+    c.interpreter.scannedBatches += 1;
+    if (args.scannedButEmitted0) c.interpreter.scannedButEmitted0Batches += 1;
+    if (args.noInterestFastForward) c.interpreter.noInterestFastForwardBatches += 1;
+    c.interpreter.interpretedThroughDelta += Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.interpretedThroughDelta ?? 0));
+    c.interpreter.touchesEmittedDelta += Math.max(0, Math.floor(args.touchesEmittedDelta ?? 0));
+    if (args.commitLagMs != null && Number.isFinite(args.commitLagMs) && args.commitLagMs >= 0) {
+      c.interpreter.commitLagSamples += 1;
+      c.interpreter.commitLagMsSum += args.commitLagMs;
+      c.interpreter.commitLagHist.record(args.commitLagMs);
+    }
+    c.touch.fineTouchesDroppedDueToBudget += Math.max(0, args.fineTouchesDroppedDueToBudget ?? 0);
+    c.touch.fineTouchesSkippedColdTemplate += Math.max(0, args.fineTouchesSkippedColdTemplate ?? 0);
+    c.touch.fineTouchesSkippedColdKey += Math.max(0, args.fineTouchesSkippedColdKey ?? 0);
+    c.touch.fineTouchesSkippedTemplateBucket += Math.max(0, args.fineTouchesSkippedTemplateBucket ?? 0);
+    if (args.fineTouchesSuppressedDueToLag) c.touch.fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToLag += 1;
+    c.touch.fineTouchesSuppressedMsDueToLag += Math.max(0, args.fineTouchesSuppressedDueToLagMs ?? 0);
+    if (args.fineTouchesSuppressedDueToBudget) c.touch.fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToBudget += 1;
+
+    const unique = new Set<number>();
+    let table = 0;
+    let tpl = 0;
+    for (const t of args.touches) {
+      unique.add(t.keyId >>> 0);
+      if (t.kind === "table") table++;
+      else tpl++;
+    }
+    c.touch.touchesEmitted += args.touches.length;
+    c.touch.uniqueKeysTouched += unique.size;
+    c.touch.tableTouchesEmitted += table;
+    c.touch.templateTouchesEmitted += tpl;
+  }
+
+  recordWait(stream: string, touchCfg: TouchConfig, keysCount: number, outcome: WaitOutcome, latencyMs: number): void {
+    const c = this.get(stream, touchCfg);
+    c.wait.calls += 1;
+    c.wait.keysWatchedTotal += Math.max(0, keysCount);
+    c.wait.latencySumMs += Math.max(0, latencyMs);
+    c.wait.latencyHist.record(latencyMs);
+    if (outcome === "touched") c.wait.touched += 1;
+    else if (outcome === "timeout") c.wait.timeout += 1;
+    else c.wait.stale += 1;
+    if (outcome === "stale") c.touch.staleResponses += 1;
+  }
+
+  recordBaseWalGc(stream: string, args: { deletedRows: number; deletedBytes: number; durationMs: number }): void {
+    const c = this.ensure(stream);
+    c.gc.baseWalGcCalls += 1;
+    c.gc.baseWalGcDeletedRows += Math.max(0, args.deletedRows);
+    c.gc.baseWalGcDeletedBytes += Math.max(0, args.deletedBytes);
+    c.gc.baseWalGcMsSum += Math.max(0, args.durationMs);
+    c.gc.baseWalGcMsMax = Math.max(c.gc.baseWalGcMsMax, Math.max(0, args.durationMs));
+  }
+
+  async emitLifecycle(events: TemplateLifecycleEvent[]): Promise<void> {
+    if (!this.enabled) return;
+    if (events.length === 0) return;
+
+    const rows = events.map((e) => ({
+      routingKey: new TextEncoder().encode(`${e.stream}|${e.type}`),
+      contentType: "application/json",
+      payload: new TextEncoder().encode(
+        JSON.stringify({
+          ...e,
+          liveSystemVersion: "v2",
+          instanceId: this.instanceId,
+          region: this.region,
+        })
+      ),
+    }));
+
+    for (const e of events) {
+      const c = this.ensure(e.stream);
+      if (e.type === "live.template_activated") c.templates.activated += 1;
+      else if (e.type === "live.template_retired") c.templates.retired += 1;
+      else if (e.type === "live.template_evicted") c.templates.evicted += 1;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      await this.ingest.appendInternal({
+        stream: this.metricsStream,
+        baseAppendMs: BigInt(Date.now()),
+        rows,
+        contentType: "application/json",
+      });
+    } catch {
+      // best-effort
+    }
+  }
+
+  recordActivationDenied(stream: string, touchCfg: TouchConfig, n = 1): void {
+    const c = this.get(stream, touchCfg);
+    c.templates.activationDenied += Math.max(0, n);
+  }
+
+  private async flushTick(): Promise<void> {
+    if (!this.enabled) return;
+    const nowMs = Date.now();
+    const clampBigInt = (v: bigint): number => {
+      if (v <= 0n) return 0;
+      const max = BigInt(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER);
+      return v > max ? Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER : Number(v);
+    };
+
+    const states = this.db.listStreamInterpreters();
+    if (states.length === 0) return;
+
+    const rows: Array<{ routingKey: Uint8Array | null; contentType: string; payload: Uint8Array }> = [];
+    const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+
+    const loopLagMax = this.lagMaxMs;
+    const loopLagAvg = this.lagSamples > 0 ? this.lagSumMs / this.lagSamples : 0;
+    this.lagMaxMs = 0;
+    this.lagSumMs = 0;
+    this.lagSamples = 0;
+
+    const rkInterval = this.routingKeyNotifier?.snapshotAndResetIntervalStats() ?? null;
+
+    for (const st of states) {
+      const stream = st.stream;
+      const regRow = this.db.getStream(stream);
+      if (!regRow) continue;
+
+      const touchCfg = ((): TouchConfig | null => {
+        try {
+          const row = this.db.getSchemaRegistry(stream);
+          if (!row) return null;
+          const raw = JSON.parse(row.registry_json);
+          const cfg = raw?.interpreter?.touch;
+          if (!cfg || !cfg.enabled) return null;
+          return cfg as TouchConfig;
+        } catch {
+          return null;
+        }
+      })();
+      if (!touchCfg) continue;
+
+      const c = this.get(stream, touchCfg);
+      const storage = (touchCfg.storage ?? "memory") as "memory" | "sqlite";
+      const derived = resolveTouchStreamName(stream, touchCfg);
+      const journal = storage === "memory" ? this.getTouchJournal?.(derived) ?? null : null;
+      const trow = (() => {
+        try {
+          return this.db.getStream(derived);
+        } catch {
+          return null;
+        }
+      })();
+      const touchTailSeq = trow ? (trow.next_offset > 0n ? trow.next_offset - 1n : -1n) : -1n;
+      let touchWalOldestOffset: string | null = null;
+      try {
+        const oldest = this.db.getWalOldestOffset(derived);
+        touchWalOldestOffset = oldest == null || !trow ? null : encodeOffset(trow.epoch, oldest);
+      } catch {
+        touchWalOldestOffset = null;
+      }
+      const waitActive =
+        storage === "memory" ? (journal?.meta.activeWaiters ?? 0) : this.routingKeyNotifier ? this.routingKeyNotifier.getActiveWaiters(derived) : 0;
+      const tailSeq = regRow.next_offset > 0n ? regRow.next_offset - 1n : -1n;
+      const interpretedThrough = st.interpreted_through;
+      const gcThrough = interpretedThrough < regRow.uploaded_through ? interpretedThrough : regRow.uploaded_through;
+      const backlog = tailSeq >= interpretedThrough ? tailSeq - interpretedThrough : 0n;
+      const backlogNum = backlog > BigInt(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) ? Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER : Number(backlog);
+      let walOldestOffset: string | null = null;
+      try {
+        const oldest = this.db.getWalOldestOffset(stream);
+        walOldestOffset = oldest == null ? null : encodeOffset(regRow.epoch, oldest);
+      } catch {
+        walOldestOffset = null;
+      }
+      const activeTemplates = (() => {
+        try {
+          const row = this.db.db.query(`SELECT COUNT(*) as cnt FROM live_templates WHERE stream=? AND state='active';`).get(stream) as any;
+          return Number(row?.cnt ?? 0);
+        } catch {
+          return 0;
+        }
+      })();
+
+      const tick = {
+        type: "live.tick",
+        ts: nowIso(nowMs),
+        stream,
+        liveSystemVersion: "v2",
+        instanceId: this.instanceId,
+        region: this.region,
+        touch: {
+          storage,
+          coarseIntervalMs: c.touch.coarseIntervalMs,
+          coalesceWindowMs: c.touch.coalesceWindowMs,
+          mode: c.touch.mode,
+          hotFineKeys: c.touch.hotFineKeys,
+          hotTemplates: c.touch.hotTemplates,
+          hotFineKeysActive: c.touch.hotFineKeysActive,
+          hotFineKeysGrace: c.touch.hotFineKeysGrace,
+          hotTemplatesActive: c.touch.hotTemplatesActive,
+          hotTemplatesGrace: c.touch.hotTemplatesGrace,
+          fineWaitersActive: c.touch.fineWaitersActive,
+          coarseWaitersActive: c.touch.coarseWaitersActive,
+          broadFineWaitersActive: c.touch.broadFineWaitersActive,
+          touchesEmitted: c.touch.touchesEmitted,
+          uniqueKeysTouched: c.touch.uniqueKeysTouched,
+          tableTouchesEmitted: c.touch.tableTouchesEmitted,
+          templateTouchesEmitted: c.touch.templateTouchesEmitted,
+          staleResponses: c.touch.staleResponses,
+          fineTouchesDroppedDueToBudget: c.touch.fineTouchesDroppedDueToBudget,
+          fineTouchesSkippedColdTemplate: c.touch.fineTouchesSkippedColdTemplate,
+          fineTouchesSkippedColdKey: c.touch.fineTouchesSkippedColdKey,
+          fineTouchesSkippedTemplateBucket: c.touch.fineTouchesSkippedTemplateBucket,
+          fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToLag: c.touch.fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToLag,
+          fineTouchesSuppressedSecondsDueToLag: c.touch.fineTouchesSuppressedMsDueToLag / 1000,
+          fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToBudget: c.touch.fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToBudget,
+          cursor: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.meta.cursor ?? null) : null,
+          epoch: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.meta.epoch ?? null) : null,
+          generation: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.meta.generation ?? null) : null,
+          pendingKeys: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.meta.pendingKeys ?? 0) : 0,
+          overflowBuckets: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.meta.overflowBuckets ?? 0) : 0,
+          walTailOffset: trow ? encodeOffset(trow.epoch, touchTailSeq) : null,
+          walNextOffset: trow ? encodeOffset(trow.epoch, trow.next_offset) : null,
+          walOldestOffset: touchWalOldestOffset,
+          walRetainedRows: trow ? clampBigInt(trow.wal_rows) : 0,
+          walRetainedBytes: trow ? clampBigInt(trow.wal_bytes) : 0,
+        },
+        templates: {
+          active: activeTemplates,
+          activated: c.templates.activated,
+          retired: c.templates.retired,
+          evicted: c.templates.evicted,
+          activationDenied: c.templates.activationDenied,
+        },
+        wait: {
+          calls: c.wait.calls,
+          keysWatchedTotal: c.wait.keysWatchedTotal,
+          avgKeysPerCall: c.wait.calls > 0 ? c.wait.keysWatchedTotal / c.wait.calls : 0,
+          touched: c.wait.touched,
+          timeout: c.wait.timeout,
+          stale: c.wait.stale,
+          avgLatencyMs: c.wait.calls > 0 ? c.wait.latencySumMs / c.wait.calls : 0,
+          p95LatencyMs: c.wait.latencyHist.p95(),
+          activeWaiters: waitActive,
+          timeoutsFired: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.interval.timeoutsFired ?? 0) : rkInterval?.timeoutsFired ?? 0,
+          timeoutSweeps: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.interval.timeoutSweeps ?? 0) : rkInterval?.timeoutSweeps ?? 0,
+          timeoutSweepMsSum: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.interval.timeoutSweepMsSum ?? 0) : rkInterval?.timeoutSweepMsSum ?? 0,
+          timeoutSweepMsMax: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.interval.timeoutSweepMsMax ?? 0) : rkInterval?.timeoutSweepMsMax ?? 0,
+          notifyWakeups: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.interval.notifyWakeups ?? 0) : 0,
+          notifyFlushes: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.interval.notifyFlushes ?? 0) : 0,
+          notifyWakeMsSum: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.interval.notifyWakeMsSum ?? 0) : 0,
+          notifyWakeMsMax: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.interval.notifyWakeMsMax ?? 0) : 0,
+          timeoutHeapSize: storage === "memory" ? (journal?.interval.heapSize ?? 0) : rkInterval?.heapSize ?? 0,
+        },
+        interpreter: {
+          eventsIn: c.interpreter.eventsIn,
+          changesOut: c.interpreter.changesOut,
+          errors: c.interpreter.errors,
+          lagSourceOffsets: c.interpreter.lagSourceOffsets,
+          scannedBatches: c.interpreter.scannedBatches,
+          scannedButEmitted0Batches: c.interpreter.scannedButEmitted0Batches,
+          noInterestFastForwardBatches: c.interpreter.noInterestFastForwardBatches,
+          interpretedThroughDelta: c.interpreter.interpretedThroughDelta,
+          touchesEmittedDelta: c.interpreter.touchesEmittedDelta,
+          commitLagMsAvg: c.interpreter.commitLagSamples > 0 ? c.interpreter.commitLagMsSum / c.interpreter.commitLagSamples : 0,
+          commitLagMsP50: c.interpreter.commitLagHist.p50(),
+          commitLagMsP95: c.interpreter.commitLagHist.p95(),
+          commitLagMsP99: c.interpreter.commitLagHist.p99(),
+        },
+        base: {
+          tailOffset: encodeOffset(regRow.epoch, tailSeq),
+          nextOffset: encodeOffset(regRow.epoch, regRow.next_offset),
+          sealedThrough: encodeOffset(regRow.epoch, regRow.sealed_through),
+          uploadedThrough: encodeOffset(regRow.epoch, regRow.uploaded_through),
+          interpretedThrough: encodeOffset(regRow.epoch, interpretedThrough),
+          gcThrough: encodeOffset(regRow.epoch, gcThrough),
+          walOldestOffset,
+          walRetainedRows: clampBigInt(regRow.wal_rows),
+          walRetainedBytes: clampBigInt(regRow.wal_bytes),
+          gc: {
+            calls: c.gc.baseWalGcCalls,
+            deletedRows: c.gc.baseWalGcDeletedRows,
+            deletedBytes: c.gc.baseWalGcDeletedBytes,
+            msSum: c.gc.baseWalGcMsSum,
+            msMax: c.gc.baseWalGcMsMax,
+          },
+          backlogSourceOffsets: backlogNum,
+        },
+        process: {
+          eventLoopLagMsMax: loopLagMax,
+          eventLoopLagMsAvg: loopLagAvg,
+        },
+      };
+
+      rows.push({
+        routingKey: encoder.encode(`${stream}|live.tick`),
+        contentType: "application/json",
+        payload: encoder.encode(JSON.stringify(tick)),
+      });
+
+      // Reset interval counters (keep config).
+      c.touch.hotFineKeys = 0;
+      c.touch.hotTemplates = 0;
+      c.touch.hotFineKeysActive = 0;
+      c.touch.hotFineKeysGrace = 0;
+      c.touch.hotTemplatesActive = 0;
+      c.touch.hotTemplatesGrace = 0;
+      c.touch.fineWaitersActive = 0;
+      c.touch.coarseWaitersActive = 0;
+      c.touch.broadFineWaitersActive = 0;
+      c.touch.touchesEmitted = 0;
+      c.touch.uniqueKeysTouched = 0;
+      c.touch.tableTouchesEmitted = 0;
+      c.touch.templateTouchesEmitted = 0;
+      c.touch.staleResponses = 0;
+      c.touch.fineTouchesDroppedDueToBudget = 0;
+      c.touch.fineTouchesSkippedColdTemplate = 0;
+      c.touch.fineTouchesSkippedColdKey = 0;
+      c.touch.fineTouchesSkippedTemplateBucket = 0;
+      c.touch.fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToLag = 0;
+      c.touch.fineTouchesSuppressedMsDueToLag = 0;
+      c.touch.fineTouchesSuppressedBatchesDueToBudget = 0;
+      c.touch.mode = "idle";
+      c.templates.activated = 0;
+      c.templates.retired = 0;
+      c.templates.evicted = 0;
+      c.templates.activationDenied = 0;
+      c.wait.calls = 0;
+      c.wait.keysWatchedTotal = 0;
+      c.wait.touched = 0;
+      c.wait.timeout = 0;
+      c.wait.stale = 0;
+      c.wait.latencySumMs = 0;
+      c.wait.latencyHist.reset();
+      c.interpreter.eventsIn = 0;
+      c.interpreter.changesOut = 0;
+      c.interpreter.errors = 0;
+      c.interpreter.lagSourceOffsets = 0;
+      c.interpreter.scannedBatches = 0;
+      c.interpreter.scannedButEmitted0Batches = 0;
+      c.interpreter.noInterestFastForwardBatches = 0;
+      c.interpreter.interpretedThroughDelta = 0;
+      c.interpreter.touchesEmittedDelta = 0;
+      c.interpreter.commitLagSamples = 0;
+      c.interpreter.commitLagMsSum = 0;
+      c.interpreter.commitLagHist.reset();
+      c.gc.baseWalGcCalls = 0;
+      c.gc.baseWalGcDeletedRows = 0;
+      c.gc.baseWalGcDeletedBytes = 0;
+      c.gc.baseWalGcMsSum = 0;
+      c.gc.baseWalGcMsMax = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (rows.length === 0) return;
+    try {
+      await this.ingest.appendInternal({
+        stream: this.metricsStream,
+        baseAppendMs: BigInt(nowMs),
+        rows,
+        contentType: "application/json",
+      });
+    } catch {
+      // best-effort
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async emitSnapshots(): Promise<void> {
+    if (!this.enabled) return;
+    const nowMs = Date.now();
+    const streams = this.db.listStreamInterpreters().map((r) => r.stream);
+    if (streams.length === 0) return;
+
+    const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+    const rows: Array<{ routingKey: Uint8Array | null; contentType: string; payload: Uint8Array }> = [];
+
+    for (const stream of streams) {
+      let templates: any[] = [];
+      try {
+        templates = this.db.db
+          .query(
+            `SELECT template_id, entity, fields_json, last_seen_at_ms, state
+             FROM live_templates
+             WHERE stream=? AND state='active'
+             ORDER BY entity ASC, template_id ASC;`
+          )
+          .all(stream) as any[];
+      } catch {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const snapshotId = `s-${stream}-${nowMs}`;
+      const activeTemplates = templates.length;
+      rows.push({
+        routingKey: encoder.encode(`${stream}|live.templates_snapshot_start`),
+        contentType: "application/json",
+        payload: encoder.encode(
+          JSON.stringify({
+            type: "live.templates_snapshot_start",
+            ts: nowIso(nowMs),
+            stream,
+            liveSystemVersion: "v2",
+            instanceId: this.instanceId,
+            region: this.region,
+            snapshotId,
+            activeTemplates,
+            chunkSize: this.snapshotChunkSize,
+          })
+        ),
+      });
+
+      let chunkIndex = 0;
+      for (let i = 0; i < templates.length; i += this.snapshotChunkSize) {
+        const slice = templates.slice(i, i + this.snapshotChunkSize);
+        const payloadTemplates = slice.map((t) => {
+          const templateId = String(t.template_id);
+          const entity = String(t.entity);
+          let fields: string[] = [];
+          try {
+            const f = JSON.parse(String(t.fields_json));
+            if (Array.isArray(f)) fields = f.map(String);
+          } catch {
+            // ignore
+          }
+          const lastSeenAgoMs = Math.max(0, nowMs - Number(t.last_seen_at_ms));
+          return { templateId, entity, fields, lastSeenAgoMs, state: "active" };
+        });
+        rows.push({
+          routingKey: encoder.encode(`${stream}|live.templates_snapshot_chunk`),
+          contentType: "application/json",
+          payload: encoder.encode(
+            JSON.stringify({
+              type: "live.templates_snapshot_chunk",
+              ts: nowIso(nowMs),
+              stream,
+              liveSystemVersion: "v2",
+              instanceId: this.instanceId,
+              region: this.region,
+              snapshotId,
+              chunkIndex,
+              templates: payloadTemplates,
+            })
+          ),
+        });
+        chunkIndex++;
+      }
+
+      rows.push({
+        routingKey: encoder.encode(`${stream}|live.templates_snapshot_end`),
+        contentType: "application/json",
+        payload: encoder.encode(
+          JSON.stringify({
+            type: "live.templates_snapshot_end",
+            ts: nowIso(nowMs),
+            stream,
+            liveSystemVersion: "v2",
+            instanceId: this.instanceId,
+            region: this.region,
+            snapshotId,
+          })
+        ),
+      });
+    }
+
+    if (rows.length === 0) return;
+    try {
+      await this.ingest.appendInternal({
+        stream: this.metricsStream,
+        baseAppendMs: BigInt(nowMs),
+        rows,
+        contentType: "application/json",
+      });
+    } catch {
+      // best-effort
+    }
+  }
+}