@pretextbook/pretext-html 0.1.0 → 0.1.1

package/assets/xsl/pretext-numbers.xsl

@@ -1,875 +1,875 @@
-<?xml version='1.0'?>
-
-<!DOCTYPE xsl:stylesheet [
-    <!ENTITY % entities SYSTEM "entities.ent">
-    %entities;
-]>
-
-<!--********************************************************************
-Copyright 2020 Robert A. Beezer
-
-This file is part of PreTeXt.
-
-PreTeXt is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 or version 3 of the
-License (at your option).
-
-PreTeXt is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-along with PreTeXt.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*********************************************************************-->
-
-<xsl:stylesheet
-    xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"
-    xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
-    xmlns:pi="http://pretextbook.org/2020/pretext/internal"
-    xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common"
-    xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times"
-    extension-element-prefixes="exsl date"
-    exclude-result-prefixes="pi"
->
-
-<!-- Intend output as plain text (numbers) -->
-<xsl:output method="text" encoding="UTF-8"/>
-
-<!-- Read documentation in the "-assembly" stylesheet to understand -->
-<!-- employment/purpose of these templates there.                   -->
-<!--                                                                -->
-<!-- 2021-12-22: moving the computation of serial numbers out of    -->
-<!-- the "-common" stylesheet, so as to be pre-computed.            -->
-
-
-<!-- ######################## -->
-<!-- Block Structure Numbers  -->
-<!-- ######################## -->
-
-<!-- Given a block element, produce its structure number prefix      -->
-<!-- by reading the pre-computed @block-struct from the nearest      -->
-<!-- ancestor division, then truncating or padding to the configured -->
-<!-- number of levels.  The @block-struct chain already excludes     -->
-<!-- parts (they are squelched in assembly), so when parts are       -->
-<!-- present the caller's $levels (which counts from "part" depth)   -->
-<!-- must be reduced by one to match the shorter chain.              -->
-<xsl:template name="block-structure-number">
-    <xsl:param name="levels"/>
-    <xsl:variable name="raw-struct"
-        select="ancestor::*[@block-struct][1]/@block-struct"/>
-    <!-- The @block-struct chain already excludes parts, so when  -->
-    <!-- parts are present the $levels count (which includes the -->
-    <!-- part depth) must be reduced by one.  But only for       -->
-    <!-- blocks actually inside a part or backmatter — blocks    -->
-    <!-- in frontmatter have no part ancestor and should use     -->
-    <!-- $levels unmodified.                                     -->
-    <xsl:variable name="effective-levels">
-        <xsl:choose>
-            <xsl:when test="not($parts = 'absent') and ancestor::*[self::part or self::backmatter]">
-                <xsl:choose>
-                    <xsl:when test="$levels > 0">
-                        <xsl:value-of select="$levels - 1"/>
-                    </xsl:when>
-                    <xsl:otherwise>
-                        <xsl:value-of select="0"/>
-                    </xsl:otherwise>
-                </xsl:choose>
-            </xsl:when>
-            <xsl:otherwise>
-                <xsl:value-of select="$levels"/>
-            </xsl:otherwise>
-        </xsl:choose>
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:call-template name="truncate-pad-struct">
-        <xsl:with-param name="struct" select="$raw-struct"/>
-        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$effective-levels"/>
-    </xsl:call-template>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Truncate a dotted-number string to a given number of     -->
-<!-- components, padding with ".0" if fewer components exist.  -->
-<xsl:template name="truncate-pad-struct">
-    <xsl:param name="struct"/>
-    <xsl:param name="levels"/>
-    <xsl:param name="count" select="0"/>
-
-    <xsl:choose>
-        <!-- Emitted enough levels, halt -->
-        <xsl:when test="$count = $levels"/>
-        <!-- Components remaining in the string -->
-        <xsl:when test="$struct != ''">
-            <xsl:if test="$count > 0">
-                <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
-            </xsl:if>
-            <xsl:choose>
-                <xsl:when test="contains($struct, '.')">
-                    <xsl:value-of select="substring-before($struct, '.')"/>
-                    <xsl:call-template name="truncate-pad-struct">
-                        <xsl:with-param name="struct"
-                            select="substring-after($struct, '.')"/>
-                        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$levels"/>
-                        <xsl:with-param name="count" select="$count + 1"/>
-                    </xsl:call-template>
-                </xsl:when>
-                <xsl:otherwise>
-                    <xsl:value-of select="$struct"/>
-                    <xsl:call-template name="truncate-pad-struct">
-                        <xsl:with-param name="struct" select="''"/>
-                        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$levels"/>
-                        <xsl:with-param name="count" select="$count + 1"/>
-                    </xsl:call-template>
-                </xsl:otherwise>
-            </xsl:choose>
-        </xsl:when>
-        <!-- Out of components, pad with zero -->
-        <xsl:otherwise>
-            <xsl:if test="$count > 0">
-                <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
-            </xsl:if>
-            <xsl:text>0</xsl:text>
-            <xsl:call-template name="truncate-pad-struct">
-                <xsl:with-param name="struct" select="''"/>
-                <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$levels"/>
-                <xsl:with-param name="count" select="$count + 1"/>
-            </xsl:call-template>
-        </xsl:otherwise>
-    </xsl:choose>
-</xsl:template>
-
-
-<!-- ##### Division levels ##### -->
-<!-- 2021-12-22: we are transitioning to selected (and eventually universal) -->
-<!-- use of levels computed during the "assembly" phase.  So we use careful  -->
-<!-- matches and we use careful choices for application.  At every           -->
-<!-- application we compute the "old" level to test for consistency.         -->
-
-<!-- ####################################################################### -->
-<xsl:template match="part|chapter|appendix|section|subsection|subsubsection|exercises|solutions|reading-questions|references|glossary|worksheet|handout" mode="new-level">
-    <xsl:variable name="old-level">
-        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="level"/>
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:if test="not($old-level = @level)">
-        <xsl:message>PTX:BUG:  development bug, new level does not match old level for "<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)"/>"</xsl:message>
-        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
-    </xsl:if>
-    <!-- actual value here, above is debugging -->
-    <xsl:value-of select="@level"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<xsl:template match="*" mode="new-level">
-    <xsl:message>PTX:BUG:   an element ("<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)"/>") does not know its *new* level</xsl:message>
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
-</xsl:template>
-<!-- ####################################################################### -->
-
- <!-- Specific top-level divisions -->
-<!-- article/frontmatter, article/backmatter are faux divisions, but   -->
-<!-- will function as a terminating condition in recursive count below -->
-<xsl:template match="book|article|slideshow|letter|memo|article/frontmatter|article/backmatter" mode="level">
-    <xsl:value-of select="0"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- A book/part will divide the mainmatter, so a "chapter" is at -->
-<!-- level 2, so we also put the faux divisions at level 1 in the -->
-<!-- case of parts, to again terminate recursive count            -->
-<xsl:template match="book/part|book/frontmatter|book/backmatter" mode="level">
-    <xsl:choose>
-        <xsl:when test="$b-has-parts">
-            <xsl:value-of select="1"/>
-        </xsl:when>
-        <xsl:otherwise>
-            <xsl:value-of select="0"/>
-        </xsl:otherwise>
-    </xsl:choose>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Remaining divisions will follow a strict progression from their    -->
-<!-- parents.  We have front matter divisions of a book first, which    -->
-<!-- will have the same level as a chapter, then traditional divisions, -->
-<!-- which may structure a chapter of a book, section of an article,    -->
-<!-- or an appendix (structured as a chapter in a book or a sections    -->
-<!-- in an article).  Then follows specialized divisions of the back    -->
-<!-- matter, which are peers of an appendix.  Finally we have the       -->
-<!-- "specialized divisions" of PreTeXt, which can be descendants of    -->
-<!-- chapters of books, sections of articles, or in the case of         -->
-<!-- solutions or references, children of an appendix.                  -->
-
-<xsl:template match="colophon|biography|dedication|acknowledgement|preface|chapter|section|subsection|subsubsection|slide|appendix|index|colophon|exercises|reading-questions|references|solutions|glossary|worksheet|handout" mode="level">
-    <xsl:variable name="level-above">
-        <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="level"/>
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:value-of select="$level-above + 1"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<xsl:template match="*" mode="level">
-    <xsl:message>PTX:BUG:   an element ("<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)"/>") does not know its level</xsl:message>
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-
-<!-- Enclosing Level -->
-
-<!-- ##### Serial / structure / full number ##### -->
-<!-- Backmatter references and glossary are unique and un-numbered, -->
-<!-- so an empty serial number.  These matches supersede the above. -->
-<xsl:template match="backmatter/references" mode="serial-number" />
-<xsl:template match="backmatter/glossary" mode="serial-number" />
-
-<!-- Serial number of a block: read the @serial that the assembly -->
-<!-- "serial-stamp" pass stamped.  That pass decides, from the    -->
-<!-- publication "@distinct" switches, whether a group shares the -->
-<!-- overall blocks counter or runs on its own distinct counter.  -->
-<xsl:template match="&DEFINITION-LIKE;|&THEOREM-LIKE;|&AXIOM-LIKE;|&REMARK-LIKE;|&COMPUTATION-LIKE;|&EXAMPLE-LIKE;|&PROJECT-LIKE;|&FIGURE-LIKE;|&OPENPROBLEM-LIKE;|exercise" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Proofs may be numbered (for cross-reference knowls) -->
-<xsl:template match="&PROOF-LIKE;" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number count="&PROOF-LIKE;"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Equations                                          -->
-<!-- The assembly equation-serial pass stamps @serial on every numbered -->
-<!-- <mrow>; here we just read it back.  Scope rules and pad/truncate   -->
-<!-- behaviour live in the assembly pass.                               -->
-<xsl:template match="mrow[@pi:numbered = 'yes']" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- An authored bare "md" may carry an @xml:id, and so may be cross-referenced. -->
-<!-- We consider its number, as a target of a cross-reference to be that of the  -->
-<!-- contained, single "mrow".  This may be an actual number or may be an empty  -->
-<!-- string, depending on how the "md" was meant to be numbered.                 -->
-<xsl:template match="md[@pi:authored-one-line]" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="mrow" mode="serial-number"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Exercises in Exercises or Worksheet or Reading Question Divisions -->
-<!-- Note: numbers may be hard-coded for longevity        -->
-<!-- exercisegroups  and future lightweight divisions may -->
-<!-- be intermediate, but should not hinder the count     -->
-<!-- NB: there are three historical "apply-templates"     -->
-<!-- here which might now be written as "value-of",       -->
-<!-- but perhaps it is irrelevant                         -->
-<xsl:template match="exercises//exercise" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number from="exercises" level="any" count="exercise" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<xsl:template match="exercises//exercise[@number]" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="@number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<xsl:template match="worksheet//exercise" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number from="worksheet" level="any" count="exercise" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<xsl:template match="worksheet//exercise[@number]" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="@number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<xsl:template match="reading-questions//exercise" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number from="reading-questions" level="any" count="exercise" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<xsl:template match="reading-questions//exercise[@number]" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="@number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Solutions -->
-<!-- Hints, answers, solutions may be numbered (for cross-reference knowls) -->
-<xsl:template match="&SOLUTION-LIKE;" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Bibliographic Items -->
-<!-- Always sequential within a References section -->
-<xsl:template match="biblio" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number from="references" level="any" count="biblio" />
-</xsl:template>
-<!-- Notes may be numbered (for cross-reference knowls) -->
-<xsl:template match="biblio/note" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Hints, answers, solutions, notes are often singletons.     -->
-<!-- This utility returns the serial number, or if a singleton, -->
-<!-- returns an empty string.  Employing templates will need    -->
-<!-- to check if they want to react accordingly, or they should -->
-<!-- just ask for the serial number itself if they don't care.  -->
-<xsl:template match="&SOLUTION-LIKE;|biblio/note" mode="non-singleton-number">
-    <xsl:variable name="the-number">
-        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="serial-number" />
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:choose>
-        <!-- non-singletons always of interest/use -->
-        <xsl:when test="not($the-number = 1)">
-            <xsl:value-of select="$the-number" />
-        </xsl:when>
-        <!-- now being careful with "1" -->
-        <xsl:otherwise>
-            <xsl:variable name="elt-name" select="local-name(.)" />
-            <!-- We go to the parent, get all like children, then     -->
-            <!-- filter by name, since hints and answers, etc all mix -->
-            <xsl:variable name="siblings-and-self" select="parent::*/*[local-name(.) = $elt-name]" />
-            <!-- maybe "1" is interesting too -->
-            <!-- if not, no result whatsoever -->
-            <xsl:if test="count($siblings-and-self) > 1">
-                <xsl:value-of select="$the-number" />
-            </xsl:if>
-        </xsl:otherwise>
-    </xsl:choose>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Footnotes -->
-<!-- We determine the appropriate subtree to count within -->
-<!-- given the document root and the configured depth     -->
-<!-- @serial is stamped on every fn during assembly; here we read it back. -->
-<xsl:template match="fn" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Subfigures, Subtables, Sublisting-->
-<!-- Subnumbering only happens with figures            -->
-<!-- or tables arranged in a sidebyside, which         -->
-<!-- is again contained inside a figure, the           -->
-<!-- element providing the overall caption             -->
-<!-- The serial number is a sub-number, (a), (b), (c), -->
-<!-- *Always* with the parenthetical formatting        -->
-<!-- Debatable if parentheses should come from here    -->
-
-
-<!-- In this case the structure number is the          -->
-<!-- full number of the enclosing figure               -->
-
-<!-- a lone sidebyside, not in a sbsgroup -->
-<xsl:template match="figure/sidebyside/figure | figure/sidebyside/table | figure/sidebyside/listing | figure/sidebyside/list" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:text>(</xsl:text>
-    <xsl:number format="a" count="&FIGURE-LIKE;"/>
-    <xsl:text>)</xsl:text>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- when inside a sbsgroup, subnumbers range across entire group -->
-<xsl:template match="figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/figure | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/table | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/listing | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/list" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:text>(</xsl:text>
-    <xsl:number format="a" count="&FIGURE-LIKE;" level="any" from="sbsgroup"/>
-    <xsl:text>)</xsl:text>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: List Items -->
-
-<!-- First, the number of a list item within its own ordered list.  This -->
-<!-- trades on the PTX format codes being identical to the XSLT codes.   -->
-<xsl:template match="ol/li" mode="item-number">
-    <xsl:variable name="code" select="../@format-code" />
-    <xsl:number format="{$code}" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Second, the serial number computed recursively.  The       -->
-<!-- entire hierarchy should be ordered lists, since otherwise, -->
-<!-- the template just below will apply instead.                -->
-<xsl:template match="ol/li" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:if test="ancestor::li">
-        <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::li[1]" mode="serial-number" />
-        <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
-    </xsl:if>
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="item-number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- If any ancestor of a list item is not ordered, this     -->
-<!-- template should match first, and the serial number      -->
-<!-- will be empty, the signal that an object has no number. -->
-<xsl:template match="ul//li|dl//li" mode="serial-number" />
-
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Exercise Groups -->
-<!-- We provide the range of the     -->
-<!-- group as its serial number.     -->
-<xsl:template match="exercisegroup" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="exercise[1]" mode="serial-number" />
-    <xsl:call-template name="ndash-character"/>
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="exercise[last()]" mode="serial-number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Tasks (in Projects) -->
-<!-- Tasks have "list" numbers, which we use on labels -->
-<!-- (we could use serial numbers for a more complex look) -->
-<xsl:template match="task" mode="list-number">
-    <xsl:number format="a" />
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="task/task" mode="list-number">
-    <xsl:number format="i" />
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="task/task/task" mode="list-number">
-    <xsl:number format="A" />
-</xsl:template>
-<!-- concatenate list numbers to get serial numbers, eg a.i.A -->
-<xsl:template match="task" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="list-number" />
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="task/task" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::task" mode="serial-number" />
-    <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="list-number" />
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="task/task/task" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::task" mode="serial-number" />
-    <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="list-number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: fragments -->
-<!-- Simply numbered sequentially, globally. -->
-<xsl:template match="fragment" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number level="any"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: the unnumbered     -->
-<!-- Empty string signifies not numbered -->
-
-<!-- We choose not to number unique, or semi-unique      -->
-<!-- (eg prefaces, colophons), elements.  Other elements -->
-<!-- are meant as local commentary, and may also carry   -->
-<!-- a title for identification and cross-referencing.   -->
-<xsl:template match="book|article|letter|memo|paragraphs|blockquote|preface|abstract|acknowledgement|biography|foreword|dedication|contributors|index-part|index[index-list]|colophon|webwork|p|assemblage|aside|biographical|historical|case|contributor" mode="serial-number" />
-
-<!-- Some divisions, like "exercises", "solutions", "references",     -->
-<!-- are part of the hierarchical numbering scheme, and look simply   -->
-<!-- to their parent.  Which could be the top-level when in th main   -->
-<!-- matter (we handle cases of children of "backmatter" carefully    -->
-<!-- elsewhere or it does not happen).  So we need an empty structure -->
-<!-- number for these cases.                                          -->
-<xsl:template match="book|article|letter|memo" mode="structure-number" />
-
-<!-- Some items are "containers".  They are not numbered, you  -->
-<!-- cannot point to them, they are invisible to the reader    -->
-<!-- in a way.  We kill their serial numbers explicitly here.  -->
-<!-- Lists live in paragraphs, exercises, objectives, so       -->
-<!-- should be referenced as part of some enclosing element.   -->
-<!-- "mathbook" helps some tree-climbing routines halt -->
-<xsl:template match="mathbook|pretext|introduction|conclusion|frontmatter|backmatter|sidebyside|sbsgroup|ol|ul|dl|statement" mode="serial-number" />
-
-<!-- Poems go by their titles, not numbers -->
-<xsl:template match="poem" mode="serial-number" />
-
-<!-- Preformatted ("pre") appear in search results by name -->
-<xsl:template match="pre" mode="serial-number" />
-
-<!-- List items, subordinate to an unordered list, or a description  -->
-<!-- list, will have numbers that are especically ambiguous, perhaps -->
-<!-- even very clsoe within a multi-level list. They are unnumbered  -->
-<!-- in the vicinity of computing serial numbers of list items in    -->
-<!-- ordered lists.                                                  -->
-
-<!-- Every displayed equation eventually lands inside an "mrow" and  -->
-<!-- the pre-processor identifies it as numbered or not, so the      -->
-<!-- unnumbered ones are straightforward.  A local tag (@tag)        -->
-<!-- authored on an "mrow" is considered an unnumbered equation.     -->
-<xsl:template match="mrow[@pi:numbered = 'no']" mode="serial-number"/>
-
-<!-- WeBWorK problems are never numbered, because they live    -->
-<!-- in (numbered) exercises.  But they have identically named -->
-<!-- components of exercises, so we might need to explicitly   -->
-<!-- make webwork/solution, etc to be unnumbered.              -->
-
-<!-- Glossary items ("gi"), in a "glossary", are known by their title -->
-<xsl:template match="gi" mode="serial-number"/>
-
-<!-- GOAL-LIKE are one-per-subdivision,               -->
-<!-- and so get their serial number from their parent -->
-<xsl:template match="&GOAL-LIKE;" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="serial-number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- A subexercises is meant to be minimal, and does not have a number -->
-<xsl:template match="subexercises" mode="serial-number"/>
-
-<!-- We only allow one "instructions" for an "interactive" -->
-<xsl:template match="interactive/instructions" mode="serial-number"/>
-
-<!-- Multi-part WeBWorK problems have PTX elements        -->
-<!-- called "stage" which typically render as "Part..."   -->
-<!-- Their serial numbers are useful, there is no attempt -->
-<!-- above to integrate these into our general scheme     -->
-<!-- These are just counted among enclosing "webwork"     -->
-<xsl:template match="webwork/stage" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number count="stage" from="webwork" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- But when a problem is part of the OPL and is retrieved -->
-<!-- from the server, then we don't see the "stage" element -->
-<!-- until we merge in the "static" version as part of the  -->
-<!-- "webwork-reps" collection                              -->
-<xsl:template match="webwork-reps/static/stage" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number count="stage" from="static" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- OPENPROBLEM-LIKE are blocks: their serial number is read from @serial,  -->
-<!-- alongside the other block families above.  Their structure number      -->
-<!-- follows the figure/project pattern: the open-problem level when they    -->
-<!-- run on a distinct counter, otherwise the shared "blocks" level.         -->
-<xsl:template match="&OPENPROBLEM-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:variable name="openproblem-levels">
-        <xsl:choose>
-            <xsl:when test="$b-number-openproblem-distinct">
-                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-openproblems" />
-            </xsl:when>
-            <xsl:otherwise>
-                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-blocks" />
-            </xsl:otherwise>
-        </xsl:choose>
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
-        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$openproblem-levels"/>
-    </xsl:call-template>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- DISCUSSION-LIKE are appendages; their number is inherited from the parent. -->
-<xsl:template match="&DISCUSSION-LIKE;" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:number select="parent::*" count="&DISCUSSION-LIKE;"/>
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="&DISCUSSION-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- No numbers on pages of worksheets -->
-<xsl:template match="page" mode="serial-number"/>
-
-<!-- Should not drop in here.  Ever. -->
-<xsl:template match="*" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:text>[NUM]</xsl:text>
-    <xsl:message>PTX:ERROR:   An object (<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)" />) lacks a serial number, search output for "[NUM]"</xsl:message>
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!--                       -->
-<!-- Multi-Numbers Utility -->
-<!--                       -->
-
-<!--                         -->
-<!-- Structure Numbers       -->
-<!--                         -->
-
-<!-- We compute multi-part numbers to the necessary,  -->
-<!-- or configured, number of components              -->
-<!-- NB: *every* structure number should finish with  -->
-<!-- a period as a separator, which is often provided -->
-<!-- by the "multi-number" template.  Some of the     -->
-<!-- cross-reference text code adds a period before   -->
-<!-- testing equality of strings                      -->
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Divisions -->
-<!-- NB: this is number of the *container* of the division,   -->
-<!-- a serial number for the division itself will be appended -->
-<xsl:template match="part|chapter|appendix|section|subsection|subsubsection|backmatter/solutions" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:value-of select="@struct"/>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Specialized Divisions -->
-<!-- Some divisions get their numbers from their parents, or  -->
-<!-- in other ways.  We are careful to do this by determining -->
-<!-- the serial-numer and the structure-number, so that other -->
-<!-- devices (like local numbers) will behave correctly.      -->
-<!-- Serial numbers are computed elsewhere, but in tandem.    -->
-<xsl:template match="exercises|solutions[not(parent::backmatter)]|worksheet|handout|reading-questions|references[not(parent::backmatter)]|glossary[not(parent::backmatter)]" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:variable name="is-numbered">
-        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="is-specialized-own-number"/>
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:choose>
-        <xsl:when test="$is-numbered = 'true'">
-            <xsl:value-of select="@struct"/>
-        </xsl:when>
-        <xsl:otherwise>
-            <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="structure-number" />
-        </xsl:otherwise>
-    </xsl:choose>
-</xsl:template>
-<!-- "references" and "glossary" are solo in main matter -->
-<!-- divisions, unique and not numbered in back matter   -->
-<xsl:template match="backmatter/references" mode="structure-number" />
-<xsl:template match="backmatter/glossary" mode="structure-number" />
-
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Theorems, Examples, Projects, Figures -->
-<xsl:template match="&DEFINITION-LIKE;|&THEOREM-LIKE;|&AXIOM-LIKE;|&REMARK-LIKE;|&COMPUTATION-LIKE;|&EXAMPLE-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
-        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$numbering-blocks"/>
-    </xsl:call-template>
-</xsl:template>
-<!-- PROJECT-LIKE is now independent, under control of $numbering-projects -->
-<!-- But all ready to become elective -->
-<xsl:template match="&PROJECT-LIKE;"  mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:variable name="project-levels">
-        <xsl:choose>
-            <xsl:when test="$b-number-project-distinct">
-                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-projects" />
-            </xsl:when>
-            <xsl:otherwise>
-                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-blocks" />
-            </xsl:otherwise>
-        </xsl:choose>
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
-        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$project-levels"/>
-    </xsl:call-template>
-</xsl:template>
-<!-- FIGURE-LIKE get a structure number from default $numbering-blocks -->
-<!-- or from "docinfo" independent numbering configuration             -->
-<xsl:template match="&FIGURE-LIKE;"  mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:variable name="figure-levels">
-        <xsl:choose>
-            <xsl:when test="$b-number-figure-distinct">
-                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-figures" />
-            </xsl:when>
-            <xsl:otherwise>
-                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-blocks" />
-            </xsl:otherwise>
-        </xsl:choose>
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
-        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$figure-levels"/>
-    </xsl:call-template>
-</xsl:template>
-<!-- Proofs get structure number from parent theorem -->
-<!-- NB: assumes proofs are not detached? Maybe not.      -->
-<!-- Definitely a detached proof in a "paragraphs" is bad -->
-<xsl:template match="&PROOF-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-<!-- Captioned items, arranged in a side-by-side,      -->
-<!-- then inside a captioned figure, earn a serial     -->
-<!-- number that is a letter.  So their structure      -->
-<!-- number comes from the enclosing captioned figure. -->
-<!-- The sidebyside may be a child of the figure,      -->
-<!-- or wrapped in an sbsgroup.                        -->
-<xsl:template match="figure/sidebyside/figure | figure/sidebyside/table | figure/sidebyside/listing | figure/sidebyside/list" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::sidebyside/parent::figure" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-<xsl:template match="figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/figure | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/table | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/listing | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/list" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::sidebyside/parent::sbsgroup/parent::figure" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Equations -->
-<!-- "mrow" may be numbered, and bare "md" inherit a number from their  -->
-<!-- manufactured single "mrow".  So we need a structure number for the -->
-<!-- numbered versions of these elements.                               -->
-<xsl:template match="mrow|md[@pi:authored-one-line]" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
-        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$numbering-equations"/>
-    </xsl:call-template>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Inline Exercises -->
-<!-- Follows the theorem/figure/etc scheme.  The second alternative   -->
-<!-- adds an inline exercise in a division introduction or conclusion -->
-<!-- (its parent is not in the inline filter); divisional-container   -->
-<!-- exercises are handled by the next template instead.              -->
-<xsl:template match="exercise[boolean(&INLINE-EXERCISE-FILTER;)]|exercise[(parent::introduction or parent::conclusion) and not(ancestor::exercises or ancestor::worksheet or ancestor::reading-questions)]" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:variable name="exercise-levels">
-        <xsl:choose>
-            <xsl:when test="$b-number-exercise-distinct">
-                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-exercises" />
-            </xsl:when>
-            <xsl:otherwise>
-                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-blocks" />
-            </xsl:otherwise>
-        </xsl:choose>
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
-        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$exercise-levels"/>
-    </xsl:call-template>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Divisional and Worksheet Exercises -->
-<!-- Within a "exercises" or "worksheet", look up to enclosing division -->
-<!-- in order to decide where the structure number comes from           -->
-<xsl:template match="exercises//exercise|worksheet//exercise|reading-questions//exercise" mode="structure-number">
-    <!-- Need to look up through "exercisegroup", "subexercises", "sidebyside", etc -->
-    <!-- Only one of these specialized divisions, just a single node in variable    -->
-    <xsl:variable name="container" select="ancestor::*[self::exercises or self::worksheet or self::reading-questions]"/>
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="$container" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Exercise Groups -->
-<!-- An exercisegroup gets it structure number from the parent exercises -->
-<xsl:template match="exercisegroup" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Hints, answers, solutions get structure number from parent       -->
-<!-- exercise's number. Identical for inline and divisional exercises -->
-<xsl:template match="&SOLUTION-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Anything within a webwork-reps that needs a structure number    -->
-<!-- gets it from the enclosing exercise.                            -->
-<xsl:template match="webwork-reps//*" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::exercise" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Bibliographic Items -->
-<!-- Bibliographic items get their number from the containing     -->
-<!-- "references", which may be solo in an unstructured division, -->
-<!-- or one of potentially several in a structured division.      -->
-<!-- Since the global "references" (child of "backmatter") is not -->
-<!-- numbered, these items will have un-qualified numbers         -->
-<!-- (serial number only). -->
-<xsl:template match="biblio" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Notes get structure number from parent biblio's number -->
-<xsl:template match="biblio/note" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Footnotes -->
-<xsl:template match="fn" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
-        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$numbering-footnotes"/>
-    </xsl:call-template>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Lists -->
-<!-- Lists occur in paragraphs (anonymously), in "list"      -->
-<!-- blocks (numbered), and within exercises (numbered).     -->
-<!-- Typically we are interested in list items (only),       -->
-<!-- since that is where there is content.  And then we      -->
-<!-- are only interested in the list items within an ordered -->
-<!-- list.  We control for items under unordered lists or    -->
-<!-- description lists elsewhere by providing empty numbers. -->
-<!-- NB: the order of these templates may matter             -->
-<xsl:template match="li" mode="structure-number" />
-
-<xsl:template match="list//li" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::list" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<xsl:template match="exercise//li" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::exercise" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Tasks (in projects) -->
-<!-- A task gets it structure number from the parent project-like -->
-<xsl:template match="task" mode="structure-number">
-    <!-- ancestors, strip tasks, get number of next enclosure -->
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::*[not(self::task)][1]" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: GOAL-LIKE -->
-<!-- Objectives are one-per-subdivision, and so   -->
-<!-- get their structure number from their parent -->
-<xsl:template match="&GOAL-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="structure-number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Objective and Outcome-->
-<!-- A single objective or outcome is a list item -->
-<!-- in an objectives or outcomes environment     -->
-<xsl:template match="objectives/ol/li|outcomes/ol/li" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::*[&STRUCTURAL-FILTER;][1]" mode="number" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Structure Numbers: Fragment -->
-<!-- We number serially, see below -->
-<xsl:template match="fragment" mode="structure-number"/>
-
-<!-- worksheet pages are unnumbered -->
-<xsl:template match="page" mode="structure-number"/>
-
-<!-- Should not drop in here.  Ever. -->
-<xsl:template match="*" mode="structure-number">
-    <xsl:text>[STRUCT]</xsl:text>
-    <xsl:message>PTX:ERROR:   An object (<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)" />) lacks a structure number, search output for "[STRUCT]"</xsl:message>
-    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!--              -->
-<!-- Full Numbers -->
-<!--              -->
-
-<!-- Now trivial, the container structure plus the serial.  -->
-<!-- We condition on empty serial number in order to create -->
-<!-- empty full numbers.  This is where we add separator,   -->
-<!-- normally a period, but for a list item within a named  -->
-<!-- list, we use a colon (a double period?).               -->
-<xsl:template match="*" mode="number">
-    <xsl:variable name="serial">
-        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="serial-number" />
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:choose>
-        <xsl:when test="$serial = ''" />
-        <xsl:otherwise>
-            <xsl:variable name="structure">
-                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="structure-number" />
-            </xsl:variable>
-            <xsl:if test="not($structure='')">
-                <xsl:value-of select="$structure" />
-                <xsl:choose>
-                    <xsl:when test="self::li and ancestor::list">
-                        <xsl:text>:</xsl:text>
-                    </xsl:when>
-                    <!-- A figure-like inside a sidebyside (or       -->
-                    <!-- sbsgroup) inside a figure is subnumbered    -->
-                    <!-- with a letter like "(a)", so the serial     -->
-                    <!-- number already carries its own delimiter    -->
-                    <!-- and no period separator is needed.          -->
-                    <xsl:when test="(&FIGURE-FILTER;) and (parent::sidebyside/parent::figure or parent::sidebyside/parent::sbsgroup/parent::figure)"/>
-                    <xsl:otherwise>
-                        <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
-                    </xsl:otherwise>
-                </xsl:choose>
-            </xsl:if>
-            <xsl:value-of select="$serial" />
-        </xsl:otherwise>
-    </xsl:choose>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- ##### Division serial numbers ##### -->
-<!-- ############## -->
-<!-- Serial Numbers -->
-<!-- ############## -->
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Divisions -->
-<!-- To respect the maximum level for numbering, we          -->
-<!-- return an empty serial number at an excessive level,    -->
-<!-- otherwise we call for a serial number relative to peers -->
-<xsl:template match="part|chapter|appendix|section|subsection|subsubsection|backmatter/solutions" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:variable name="relative-level">
-        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="new-level" />
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:choose>
-        <xsl:when test="$relative-level > $numbering-maxlevel" />
-        <xsl:otherwise>
-            <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
-        </xsl:otherwise>
-    </xsl:choose>
-</xsl:template>
-
-<!-- Serial Numbers: Specialized Divisions -->
-<xsl:template match="exercises|solutions|worksheet|handout|reading-questions|references|glossary" mode="serial-number">
-    <xsl:variable name="is-numbered">
-        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="is-specialized-own-number"/>
-    </xsl:variable>
-    <xsl:choose>
-        <xsl:when test="$is-numbered = 'true'">
-            <xsl:variable name="relative-level">
-                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="new-level" />
-            </xsl:variable>
-            <xsl:choose>
-                <xsl:when test="$relative-level > $numbering-maxlevel" />
-                <xsl:otherwise>
-                    <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
-                </xsl:otherwise>
-            </xsl:choose>
-        </xsl:when>
-        <xsl:otherwise>
-            <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="serial-number" />
-        </xsl:otherwise>
-    </xsl:choose>
-</xsl:template>
-</xsl:stylesheet>
+<?xml version='1.0'?>
+
+<!DOCTYPE xsl:stylesheet [
+    <!ENTITY % entities SYSTEM "entities.ent">
+    %entities;
+]>
+
+<!--********************************************************************
+Copyright 2020 Robert A. Beezer
+
+This file is part of PreTeXt.
+
+PreTeXt is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 or version 3 of the
+License (at your option).
+
+PreTeXt is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with PreTeXt.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*********************************************************************-->
+
+<xsl:stylesheet
+    xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"
+    xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+    xmlns:pi="http://pretextbook.org/2020/pretext/internal"
+    xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common"
+    xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times"
+    extension-element-prefixes="exsl date"
+    exclude-result-prefixes="pi"
+>
+
+<!-- Intend output as plain text (numbers) -->
+<xsl:output method="text" encoding="UTF-8"/>
+
+<!-- Read documentation in the "-assembly" stylesheet to understand -->
+<!-- employment/purpose of these templates there.                   -->
+<!--                                                                -->
+<!-- 2021-12-22: moving the computation of serial numbers out of    -->
+<!-- the "-common" stylesheet, so as to be pre-computed.            -->
+
+
+<!-- ######################## -->
+<!-- Block Structure Numbers  -->
+<!-- ######################## -->
+
+<!-- Given a block element, produce its structure number prefix      -->
+<!-- by reading the pre-computed @block-struct from the nearest      -->
+<!-- ancestor division, then truncating or padding to the configured -->
+<!-- number of levels.  The @block-struct chain already excludes     -->
+<!-- parts (they are squelched in assembly), so when parts are       -->
+<!-- present the caller's $levels (which counts from "part" depth)   -->
+<!-- must be reduced by one to match the shorter chain.              -->
+<xsl:template name="block-structure-number">
+    <xsl:param name="levels"/>
+    <xsl:variable name="raw-struct"
+        select="ancestor::*[@block-struct][1]/@block-struct"/>
+    <!-- The @block-struct chain already excludes parts, so when  -->
+    <!-- parts are present the $levels count (which includes the -->
+    <!-- part depth) must be reduced by one.  But only for       -->
+    <!-- blocks actually inside a part or backmatter — blocks    -->
+    <!-- in frontmatter have no part ancestor and should use     -->
+    <!-- $levels unmodified.                                     -->
+    <xsl:variable name="effective-levels">
+        <xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:when test="not($parts = 'absent') and ancestor::*[self::part or self::backmatter]">
+                <xsl:choose>
+                    <xsl:when test="$levels > 0">
+                        <xsl:value-of select="$levels - 1"/>
+                    </xsl:when>
+                    <xsl:otherwise>
+                        <xsl:value-of select="0"/>
+                    </xsl:otherwise>
+                </xsl:choose>
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:otherwise>
+                <xsl:value-of select="$levels"/>
+            </xsl:otherwise>
+        </xsl:choose>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:call-template name="truncate-pad-struct">
+        <xsl:with-param name="struct" select="$raw-struct"/>
+        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$effective-levels"/>
+    </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Truncate a dotted-number string to a given number of     -->
+<!-- components, padding with ".0" if fewer components exist.  -->
+<xsl:template name="truncate-pad-struct">
+    <xsl:param name="struct"/>
+    <xsl:param name="levels"/>
+    <xsl:param name="count" select="0"/>
+
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <!-- Emitted enough levels, halt -->
+        <xsl:when test="$count = $levels"/>
+        <!-- Components remaining in the string -->
+        <xsl:when test="$struct != ''">
+            <xsl:if test="$count > 0">
+                <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
+            </xsl:if>
+            <xsl:choose>
+                <xsl:when test="contains($struct, '.')">
+                    <xsl:value-of select="substring-before($struct, '.')"/>
+                    <xsl:call-template name="truncate-pad-struct">
+                        <xsl:with-param name="struct"
+                            select="substring-after($struct, '.')"/>
+                        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$levels"/>
+                        <xsl:with-param name="count" select="$count + 1"/>
+                    </xsl:call-template>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:otherwise>
+                    <xsl:value-of select="$struct"/>
+                    <xsl:call-template name="truncate-pad-struct">
+                        <xsl:with-param name="struct" select="''"/>
+                        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$levels"/>
+                        <xsl:with-param name="count" select="$count + 1"/>
+                    </xsl:call-template>
+                </xsl:otherwise>
+            </xsl:choose>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <!-- Out of components, pad with zero -->
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:if test="$count > 0">
+                <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
+            </xsl:if>
+            <xsl:text>0</xsl:text>
+            <xsl:call-template name="truncate-pad-struct">
+                <xsl:with-param name="struct" select="''"/>
+                <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$levels"/>
+                <xsl:with-param name="count" select="$count + 1"/>
+            </xsl:call-template>
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+
+<!-- ##### Division levels ##### -->
+<!-- 2021-12-22: we are transitioning to selected (and eventually universal) -->
+<!-- use of levels computed during the "assembly" phase.  So we use careful  -->
+<!-- matches and we use careful choices for application.  At every           -->
+<!-- application we compute the "old" level to test for consistency.         -->
+
+<!-- ####################################################################### -->
+<xsl:template match="part|chapter|appendix|section|subsection|subsubsection|exercises|solutions|reading-questions|references|glossary|worksheet|handout" mode="new-level">
+    <xsl:variable name="old-level">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="level"/>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:if test="not($old-level = @level)">
+        <xsl:message>PTX:BUG:  development bug, new level does not match old level for "<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)"/>"</xsl:message>
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
+    </xsl:if>
+    <!-- actual value here, above is debugging -->
+    <xsl:value-of select="@level"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="new-level">
+    <xsl:message>PTX:BUG:   an element ("<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)"/>") does not know its *new* level</xsl:message>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
+</xsl:template>
+<!-- ####################################################################### -->
+
+ <!-- Specific top-level divisions -->
+<!-- article/frontmatter, article/backmatter are faux divisions, but   -->
+<!-- will function as a terminating condition in recursive count below -->
+<xsl:template match="book|article|slideshow|letter|memo|article/frontmatter|article/backmatter" mode="level">
+    <xsl:value-of select="0"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- A book/part will divide the mainmatter, so a "chapter" is at -->
+<!-- level 2, so we also put the faux divisions at level 1 in the -->
+<!-- case of parts, to again terminate recursive count            -->
+<xsl:template match="book/part|book/frontmatter|book/backmatter" mode="level">
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="$b-has-parts">
+            <xsl:value-of select="1"/>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:value-of select="0"/>
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Remaining divisions will follow a strict progression from their    -->
+<!-- parents.  We have front matter divisions of a book first, which    -->
+<!-- will have the same level as a chapter, then traditional divisions, -->
+<!-- which may structure a chapter of a book, section of an article,    -->
+<!-- or an appendix (structured as a chapter in a book or a sections    -->
+<!-- in an article).  Then follows specialized divisions of the back    -->
+<!-- matter, which are peers of an appendix.  Finally we have the       -->
+<!-- "specialized divisions" of PreTeXt, which can be descendants of    -->
+<!-- chapters of books, sections of articles, or in the case of         -->
+<!-- solutions or references, children of an appendix.                  -->
+
+<xsl:template match="colophon|biography|dedication|acknowledgement|preface|chapter|section|subsection|subsubsection|slide|appendix|index|colophon|exercises|reading-questions|references|solutions|glossary|worksheet|handout" mode="level">
+    <xsl:variable name="level-above">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="level"/>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:value-of select="$level-above + 1"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="level">
+    <xsl:message>PTX:BUG:   an element ("<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)"/>") does not know its level</xsl:message>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+
+<!-- Enclosing Level -->
+
+<!-- ##### Serial / structure / full number ##### -->
+<!-- Backmatter references and glossary are unique and un-numbered, -->
+<!-- so an empty serial number.  These matches supersede the above. -->
+<xsl:template match="backmatter/references" mode="serial-number" />
+<xsl:template match="backmatter/glossary" mode="serial-number" />
+
+<!-- Serial number of a block: read the @serial that the assembly -->
+<!-- "serial-stamp" pass stamped.  That pass decides, from the    -->
+<!-- publication "@distinct" switches, whether a group shares the -->
+<!-- overall blocks counter or runs on its own distinct counter.  -->
+<xsl:template match="&DEFINITION-LIKE;|&THEOREM-LIKE;|&AXIOM-LIKE;|&REMARK-LIKE;|&COMPUTATION-LIKE;|&EXAMPLE-LIKE;|&PROJECT-LIKE;|&FIGURE-LIKE;|&OPENPROBLEM-LIKE;|exercise" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Proofs may be numbered (for cross-reference knowls) -->
+<xsl:template match="&PROOF-LIKE;" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number count="&PROOF-LIKE;"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Equations                                          -->
+<!-- The assembly equation-serial pass stamps @serial on every numbered -->
+<!-- <mrow>; here we just read it back.  Scope rules and pad/truncate   -->
+<!-- behaviour live in the assembly pass.                               -->
+<xsl:template match="mrow[@pi:numbered = 'yes']" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- An authored bare "md" may carry an @xml:id, and so may be cross-referenced. -->
+<!-- We consider its number, as a target of a cross-reference to be that of the  -->
+<!-- contained, single "mrow".  This may be an actual number or may be an empty  -->
+<!-- string, depending on how the "md" was meant to be numbered.                 -->
+<xsl:template match="md[@pi:authored-one-line]" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="mrow" mode="serial-number"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Exercises in Exercises or Worksheet or Reading Question Divisions -->
+<!-- Note: numbers may be hard-coded for longevity        -->
+<!-- exercisegroups  and future lightweight divisions may -->
+<!-- be intermediate, but should not hinder the count     -->
+<!-- NB: there are three historical "apply-templates"     -->
+<!-- here which might now be written as "value-of",       -->
+<!-- but perhaps it is irrelevant                         -->
+<xsl:template match="exercises//exercise" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number from="exercises" level="any" count="exercise" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="exercises//exercise[@number]" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="@number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="worksheet//exercise" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number from="worksheet" level="any" count="exercise" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="worksheet//exercise[@number]" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="@number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="reading-questions//exercise" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number from="reading-questions" level="any" count="exercise" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="reading-questions//exercise[@number]" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="@number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Solutions -->
+<!-- Hints, answers, solutions may be numbered (for cross-reference knowls) -->
+<xsl:template match="&SOLUTION-LIKE;" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Bibliographic Items -->
+<!-- Always sequential within a References section -->
+<xsl:template match="biblio" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number from="references" level="any" count="biblio" />
+</xsl:template>
+<!-- Notes may be numbered (for cross-reference knowls) -->
+<xsl:template match="biblio/note" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Hints, answers, solutions, notes are often singletons.     -->
+<!-- This utility returns the serial number, or if a singleton, -->
+<!-- returns an empty string.  Employing templates will need    -->
+<!-- to check if they want to react accordingly, or they should -->
+<!-- just ask for the serial number itself if they don't care.  -->
+<xsl:template match="&SOLUTION-LIKE;|biblio/note" mode="non-singleton-number">
+    <xsl:variable name="the-number">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="serial-number" />
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <!-- non-singletons always of interest/use -->
+        <xsl:when test="not($the-number = 1)">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$the-number" />
+        </xsl:when>
+        <!-- now being careful with "1" -->
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:variable name="elt-name" select="local-name(.)" />
+            <!-- We go to the parent, get all like children, then     -->
+            <!-- filter by name, since hints and answers, etc all mix -->
+            <xsl:variable name="siblings-and-self" select="parent::*/*[local-name(.) = $elt-name]" />
+            <!-- maybe "1" is interesting too -->
+            <!-- if not, no result whatsoever -->
+            <xsl:if test="count($siblings-and-self) > 1">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$the-number" />
+            </xsl:if>
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Footnotes -->
+<!-- We determine the appropriate subtree to count within -->
+<!-- given the document root and the configured depth     -->
+<!-- @serial is stamped on every fn during assembly; here we read it back. -->
+<xsl:template match="fn" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Subfigures, Subtables, Sublisting-->
+<!-- Subnumbering only happens with figures            -->
+<!-- or tables arranged in a sidebyside, which         -->
+<!-- is again contained inside a figure, the           -->
+<!-- element providing the overall caption             -->
+<!-- The serial number is a sub-number, (a), (b), (c), -->
+<!-- *Always* with the parenthetical formatting        -->
+<!-- Debatable if parentheses should come from here    -->
+
+
+<!-- In this case the structure number is the          -->
+<!-- full number of the enclosing figure               -->
+
+<!-- a lone sidebyside, not in a sbsgroup -->
+<xsl:template match="figure/sidebyside/figure | figure/sidebyside/table | figure/sidebyside/listing | figure/sidebyside/list" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:text>(</xsl:text>
+    <xsl:number format="a" count="&FIGURE-LIKE;"/>
+    <xsl:text>)</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- when inside a sbsgroup, subnumbers range across entire group -->
+<xsl:template match="figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/figure | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/table | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/listing | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/list" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:text>(</xsl:text>
+    <xsl:number format="a" count="&FIGURE-LIKE;" level="any" from="sbsgroup"/>
+    <xsl:text>)</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: List Items -->
+
+<!-- First, the number of a list item within its own ordered list.  This -->
+<!-- trades on the PTX format codes being identical to the XSLT codes.   -->
+<xsl:template match="ol/li" mode="item-number">
+    <xsl:variable name="code" select="../@format-code" />
+    <xsl:number format="{$code}" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Second, the serial number computed recursively.  The       -->
+<!-- entire hierarchy should be ordered lists, since otherwise, -->
+<!-- the template just below will apply instead.                -->
+<xsl:template match="ol/li" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:if test="ancestor::li">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::li[1]" mode="serial-number" />
+        <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
+    </xsl:if>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="item-number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- If any ancestor of a list item is not ordered, this     -->
+<!-- template should match first, and the serial number      -->
+<!-- will be empty, the signal that an object has no number. -->
+<xsl:template match="ul//li|dl//li" mode="serial-number" />
+
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Exercise Groups -->
+<!-- We provide the range of the     -->
+<!-- group as its serial number.     -->
+<xsl:template match="exercisegroup" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="exercise[1]" mode="serial-number" />
+    <xsl:call-template name="ndash-character"/>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="exercise[last()]" mode="serial-number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Tasks (in Projects) -->
+<!-- Tasks have "list" numbers, which we use on labels -->
+<!-- (we could use serial numbers for a more complex look) -->
+<xsl:template match="task" mode="list-number">
+    <xsl:number format="a" />
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="task/task" mode="list-number">
+    <xsl:number format="i" />
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="task/task/task" mode="list-number">
+    <xsl:number format="A" />
+</xsl:template>
+<!-- concatenate list numbers to get serial numbers, eg a.i.A -->
+<xsl:template match="task" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="list-number" />
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="task/task" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::task" mode="serial-number" />
+    <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="list-number" />
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="task/task/task" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::task" mode="serial-number" />
+    <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="list-number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: fragments -->
+<!-- Simply numbered sequentially, globally. -->
+<xsl:template match="fragment" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number level="any"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: the unnumbered     -->
+<!-- Empty string signifies not numbered -->
+
+<!-- We choose not to number unique, or semi-unique      -->
+<!-- (eg prefaces, colophons), elements.  Other elements -->
+<!-- are meant as local commentary, and may also carry   -->
+<!-- a title for identification and cross-referencing.   -->
+<xsl:template match="book|article|letter|memo|paragraphs|blockquote|preface|abstract|acknowledgement|biography|foreword|dedication|contributors|index-part|index[index-list]|colophon|webwork|p|assemblage|aside|biographical|historical|case|contributor" mode="serial-number" />
+
+<!-- Some divisions, like "exercises", "solutions", "references",     -->
+<!-- are part of the hierarchical numbering scheme, and look simply   -->
+<!-- to their parent.  Which could be the top-level when in th main   -->
+<!-- matter (we handle cases of children of "backmatter" carefully    -->
+<!-- elsewhere or it does not happen).  So we need an empty structure -->
+<!-- number for these cases.                                          -->
+<xsl:template match="book|article|letter|memo" mode="structure-number" />
+
+<!-- Some items are "containers".  They are not numbered, you  -->
+<!-- cannot point to them, they are invisible to the reader    -->
+<!-- in a way.  We kill their serial numbers explicitly here.  -->
+<!-- Lists live in paragraphs, exercises, objectives, so       -->
+<!-- should be referenced as part of some enclosing element.   -->
+<!-- "mathbook" helps some tree-climbing routines halt -->
+<xsl:template match="mathbook|pretext|introduction|conclusion|frontmatter|backmatter|sidebyside|sbsgroup|ol|ul|dl|statement" mode="serial-number" />
+
+<!-- Poems go by their titles, not numbers -->
+<xsl:template match="poem" mode="serial-number" />
+
+<!-- Preformatted ("pre") appear in search results by name -->
+<xsl:template match="pre" mode="serial-number" />
+
+<!-- List items, subordinate to an unordered list, or a description  -->
+<!-- list, will have numbers that are especically ambiguous, perhaps -->
+<!-- even very clsoe within a multi-level list. They are unnumbered  -->
+<!-- in the vicinity of computing serial numbers of list items in    -->
+<!-- ordered lists.                                                  -->
+
+<!-- Every displayed equation eventually lands inside an "mrow" and  -->
+<!-- the pre-processor identifies it as numbered or not, so the      -->
+<!-- unnumbered ones are straightforward.  A local tag (@tag)        -->
+<!-- authored on an "mrow" is considered an unnumbered equation.     -->
+<xsl:template match="mrow[@pi:numbered = 'no']" mode="serial-number"/>
+
+<!-- WeBWorK problems are never numbered, because they live    -->
+<!-- in (numbered) exercises.  But they have identically named -->
+<!-- components of exercises, so we might need to explicitly   -->
+<!-- make webwork/solution, etc to be unnumbered.              -->
+
+<!-- Glossary items ("gi"), in a "glossary", are known by their title -->
+<xsl:template match="gi" mode="serial-number"/>
+
+<!-- GOAL-LIKE are one-per-subdivision,               -->
+<!-- and so get their serial number from their parent -->
+<xsl:template match="&GOAL-LIKE;" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="serial-number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- A subexercises is meant to be minimal, and does not have a number -->
+<xsl:template match="subexercises" mode="serial-number"/>
+
+<!-- We only allow one "instructions" for an "interactive" -->
+<xsl:template match="interactive/instructions" mode="serial-number"/>
+
+<!-- Multi-part WeBWorK problems have PTX elements        -->
+<!-- called "stage" which typically render as "Part..."   -->
+<!-- Their serial numbers are useful, there is no attempt -->
+<!-- above to integrate these into our general scheme     -->
+<!-- These are just counted among enclosing "webwork"     -->
+<xsl:template match="webwork/stage" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number count="stage" from="webwork" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- But when a problem is part of the OPL and is retrieved -->
+<!-- from the server, then we don't see the "stage" element -->
+<!-- until we merge in the "static" version as part of the  -->
+<!-- "webwork-reps" collection                              -->
+<xsl:template match="webwork-reps/static/stage" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number count="stage" from="static" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- OPENPROBLEM-LIKE are blocks: their serial number is read from @serial,  -->
+<!-- alongside the other block families above.  Their structure number      -->
+<!-- follows the figure/project pattern: the open-problem level when they    -->
+<!-- run on a distinct counter, otherwise the shared "blocks" level.         -->
+<xsl:template match="&OPENPROBLEM-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:variable name="openproblem-levels">
+        <xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:when test="$b-number-openproblem-distinct">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-openproblems" />
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:otherwise>
+                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-blocks" />
+            </xsl:otherwise>
+        </xsl:choose>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
+        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$openproblem-levels"/>
+    </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- DISCUSSION-LIKE are appendages; their number is inherited from the parent. -->
+<xsl:template match="&DISCUSSION-LIKE;" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:number select="parent::*" count="&DISCUSSION-LIKE;"/>
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="&DISCUSSION-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- No numbers on pages of worksheets -->
+<xsl:template match="page" mode="serial-number"/>
+
+<!-- Should not drop in here.  Ever. -->
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:text>[NUM]</xsl:text>
+    <xsl:message>PTX:ERROR:   An object (<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)" />) lacks a serial number, search output for "[NUM]"</xsl:message>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!--                       -->
+<!-- Multi-Numbers Utility -->
+<!--                       -->
+
+<!--                         -->
+<!-- Structure Numbers       -->
+<!--                         -->
+
+<!-- We compute multi-part numbers to the necessary,  -->
+<!-- or configured, number of components              -->
+<!-- NB: *every* structure number should finish with  -->
+<!-- a period as a separator, which is often provided -->
+<!-- by the "multi-number" template.  Some of the     -->
+<!-- cross-reference text code adds a period before   -->
+<!-- testing equality of strings                      -->
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Divisions -->
+<!-- NB: this is number of the *container* of the division,   -->
+<!-- a serial number for the division itself will be appended -->
+<xsl:template match="part|chapter|appendix|section|subsection|subsubsection|backmatter/solutions" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:value-of select="@struct"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Specialized Divisions -->
+<!-- Some divisions get their numbers from their parents, or  -->
+<!-- in other ways.  We are careful to do this by determining -->
+<!-- the serial-numer and the structure-number, so that other -->
+<!-- devices (like local numbers) will behave correctly.      -->
+<!-- Serial numbers are computed elsewhere, but in tandem.    -->
+<xsl:template match="exercises|solutions[not(parent::backmatter)]|worksheet|handout|reading-questions|references[not(parent::backmatter)]|glossary[not(parent::backmatter)]" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:variable name="is-numbered">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="is-specialized-own-number"/>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="$is-numbered = 'true'">
+            <xsl:value-of select="@struct"/>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="structure-number" />
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+<!-- "references" and "glossary" are solo in main matter -->
+<!-- divisions, unique and not numbered in back matter   -->
+<xsl:template match="backmatter/references" mode="structure-number" />
+<xsl:template match="backmatter/glossary" mode="structure-number" />
+
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Theorems, Examples, Projects, Figures -->
+<xsl:template match="&DEFINITION-LIKE;|&THEOREM-LIKE;|&AXIOM-LIKE;|&REMARK-LIKE;|&COMPUTATION-LIKE;|&EXAMPLE-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
+        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$numbering-blocks"/>
+    </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+<!-- PROJECT-LIKE is now independent, under control of $numbering-projects -->
+<!-- But all ready to become elective -->
+<xsl:template match="&PROJECT-LIKE;"  mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:variable name="project-levels">
+        <xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:when test="$b-number-project-distinct">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-projects" />
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:otherwise>
+                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-blocks" />
+            </xsl:otherwise>
+        </xsl:choose>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
+        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$project-levels"/>
+    </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+<!-- FIGURE-LIKE get a structure number from default $numbering-blocks -->
+<!-- or from "docinfo" independent numbering configuration             -->
+<xsl:template match="&FIGURE-LIKE;"  mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:variable name="figure-levels">
+        <xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:when test="$b-number-figure-distinct">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-figures" />
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:otherwise>
+                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-blocks" />
+            </xsl:otherwise>
+        </xsl:choose>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
+        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$figure-levels"/>
+    </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+<!-- Proofs get structure number from parent theorem -->
+<!-- NB: assumes proofs are not detached? Maybe not.      -->
+<!-- Definitely a detached proof in a "paragraphs" is bad -->
+<xsl:template match="&PROOF-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+<!-- Captioned items, arranged in a side-by-side,      -->
+<!-- then inside a captioned figure, earn a serial     -->
+<!-- number that is a letter.  So their structure      -->
+<!-- number comes from the enclosing captioned figure. -->
+<!-- The sidebyside may be a child of the figure,      -->
+<!-- or wrapped in an sbsgroup.                        -->
+<xsl:template match="figure/sidebyside/figure | figure/sidebyside/table | figure/sidebyside/listing | figure/sidebyside/list" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::sidebyside/parent::figure" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+<xsl:template match="figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/figure | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/table | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/listing | figure/sbsgroup/sidebyside/list" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::sidebyside/parent::sbsgroup/parent::figure" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Equations -->
+<!-- "mrow" may be numbered, and bare "md" inherit a number from their  -->
+<!-- manufactured single "mrow".  So we need a structure number for the -->
+<!-- numbered versions of these elements.                               -->
+<xsl:template match="mrow|md[@pi:authored-one-line]" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
+        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$numbering-equations"/>
+    </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Inline Exercises -->
+<!-- Follows the theorem/figure/etc scheme.  The second alternative   -->
+<!-- adds an inline exercise in a division introduction or conclusion -->
+<!-- (its parent is not in the inline filter); divisional-container   -->
+<!-- exercises are handled by the next template instead.              -->
+<xsl:template match="exercise[boolean(&INLINE-EXERCISE-FILTER;)]|exercise[(parent::introduction or parent::conclusion) and not(ancestor::exercises or ancestor::worksheet or ancestor::reading-questions)]" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:variable name="exercise-levels">
+        <xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:when test="$b-number-exercise-distinct">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-exercises" />
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:otherwise>
+                <xsl:value-of select="$numbering-blocks" />
+            </xsl:otherwise>
+        </xsl:choose>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
+        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$exercise-levels"/>
+    </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Divisional and Worksheet Exercises -->
+<!-- Within a "exercises" or "worksheet", look up to enclosing division -->
+<!-- in order to decide where the structure number comes from           -->
+<xsl:template match="exercises//exercise|worksheet//exercise|reading-questions//exercise" mode="structure-number">
+    <!-- Need to look up through "exercisegroup", "subexercises", "sidebyside", etc -->
+    <!-- Only one of these specialized divisions, just a single node in variable    -->
+    <xsl:variable name="container" select="ancestor::*[self::exercises or self::worksheet or self::reading-questions]"/>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="$container" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Exercise Groups -->
+<!-- An exercisegroup gets it structure number from the parent exercises -->
+<xsl:template match="exercisegroup" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Hints, answers, solutions get structure number from parent       -->
+<!-- exercise's number. Identical for inline and divisional exercises -->
+<xsl:template match="&SOLUTION-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Anything within a webwork-reps that needs a structure number    -->
+<!-- gets it from the enclosing exercise.                            -->
+<xsl:template match="webwork-reps//*" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::exercise" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Bibliographic Items -->
+<!-- Bibliographic items get their number from the containing     -->
+<!-- "references", which may be solo in an unstructured division, -->
+<!-- or one of potentially several in a structured division.      -->
+<!-- Since the global "references" (child of "backmatter") is not -->
+<!-- numbered, these items will have un-qualified numbers         -->
+<!-- (serial number only). -->
+<xsl:template match="biblio" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Notes get structure number from parent biblio's number -->
+<xsl:template match="biblio/note" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Footnotes -->
+<xsl:template match="fn" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:call-template name="block-structure-number">
+        <xsl:with-param name="levels" select="$numbering-footnotes"/>
+    </xsl:call-template>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Lists -->
+<!-- Lists occur in paragraphs (anonymously), in "list"      -->
+<!-- blocks (numbered), and within exercises (numbered).     -->
+<!-- Typically we are interested in list items (only),       -->
+<!-- since that is where there is content.  And then we      -->
+<!-- are only interested in the list items within an ordered -->
+<!-- list.  We control for items under unordered lists or    -->
+<!-- description lists elsewhere by providing empty numbers. -->
+<!-- NB: the order of these templates may matter             -->
+<xsl:template match="li" mode="structure-number" />
+
+<xsl:template match="list//li" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::list" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template match="exercise//li" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::exercise" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Tasks (in projects) -->
+<!-- A task gets it structure number from the parent project-like -->
+<xsl:template match="task" mode="structure-number">
+    <!-- ancestors, strip tasks, get number of next enclosure -->
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::*[not(self::task)][1]" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: GOAL-LIKE -->
+<!-- Objectives are one-per-subdivision, and so   -->
+<!-- get their structure number from their parent -->
+<xsl:template match="&GOAL-LIKE;" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="structure-number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Objective and Outcome-->
+<!-- A single objective or outcome is a list item -->
+<!-- in an objectives or outcomes environment     -->
+<xsl:template match="objectives/ol/li|outcomes/ol/li" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="ancestor::*[&STRUCTURAL-FILTER;][1]" mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Structure Numbers: Fragment -->
+<!-- We number serially, see below -->
+<xsl:template match="fragment" mode="structure-number"/>
+
+<!-- worksheet pages are unnumbered -->
+<xsl:template match="page" mode="structure-number"/>
+
+<!-- Should not drop in here.  Ever. -->
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="structure-number">
+    <xsl:text>[STRUCT]</xsl:text>
+    <xsl:message>PTX:ERROR:   An object (<xsl:value-of select="local-name(.)" />) lacks a structure number, search output for "[STRUCT]"</xsl:message>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!--              -->
+<!-- Full Numbers -->
+<!--              -->
+
+<!-- Now trivial, the container structure plus the serial.  -->
+<!-- We condition on empty serial number in order to create -->
+<!-- empty full numbers.  This is where we add separator,   -->
+<!-- normally a period, but for a list item within a named  -->
+<!-- list, we use a colon (a double period?).               -->
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="number">
+    <xsl:variable name="serial">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="serial-number" />
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="$serial = ''" />
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:variable name="structure">
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="structure-number" />
+            </xsl:variable>
+            <xsl:if test="not($structure='')">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$structure" />
+                <xsl:choose>
+                    <xsl:when test="self::li and ancestor::list">
+                        <xsl:text>:</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:when>
+                    <!-- A figure-like inside a sidebyside (or       -->
+                    <!-- sbsgroup) inside a figure is subnumbered    -->
+                    <!-- with a letter like "(a)", so the serial     -->
+                    <!-- number already carries its own delimiter    -->
+                    <!-- and no period separator is needed.          -->
+                    <xsl:when test="(&FIGURE-FILTER;) and (parent::sidebyside/parent::figure or parent::sidebyside/parent::sbsgroup/parent::figure)"/>
+                    <xsl:otherwise>
+                        <xsl:text>.</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:otherwise>
+                </xsl:choose>
+            </xsl:if>
+            <xsl:value-of select="$serial" />
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- ##### Division serial numbers ##### -->
+<!-- ############## -->
+<!-- Serial Numbers -->
+<!-- ############## -->
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Divisions -->
+<!-- To respect the maximum level for numbering, we          -->
+<!-- return an empty serial number at an excessive level,    -->
+<!-- otherwise we call for a serial number relative to peers -->
+<xsl:template match="part|chapter|appendix|section|subsection|subsubsection|backmatter/solutions" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:variable name="relative-level">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="new-level" />
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="$relative-level > $numbering-maxlevel" />
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Serial Numbers: Specialized Divisions -->
+<xsl:template match="exercises|solutions|worksheet|handout|reading-questions|references|glossary" mode="serial-number">
+    <xsl:variable name="is-numbered">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="is-specialized-own-number"/>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="$is-numbered = 'true'">
+            <xsl:variable name="relative-level">
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="new-level" />
+            </xsl:variable>
+            <xsl:choose>
+                <xsl:when test="$relative-level > $numbering-maxlevel" />
+                <xsl:otherwise>
+                    <xsl:value-of select="@serial"/>
+                </xsl:otherwise>
+            </xsl:choose>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="parent::*" mode="serial-number" />
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+</xsl:stylesheet>