@prairielearn/error 3.0.12 → 3.1.0

package/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,17 @@
 # @prairielearn/error
 
+## 3.1.0
+
+### Minor Changes
+
+- 452f675: Add a shared generator for error correlation IDs.
+
+## 3.0.13
+
+### Patch Changes
+
+- e2ed7cd: Apply additional eslint unicorn rules
+
 ## 3.0.12
 
 ### Patch Changes

package/dist/index.d.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import { type HtmlSafeString } from '@prairielearn/html';
 export { formatErrorStack, formatErrorStackSafe } from './format.js';
+/** Generates an uppercase alphanumeric correlation ID for an error. */
+export declare function generateErrorId(): string;
 interface ErrorWithData extends Error {
     data: any;
 }

package/dist/index.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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The existing error will be set as the `cause` of the new error.\n *\n * @param err An existing error.\n * @param param\n * @param param.status Status code to set on the new error.\n * @param param.message Message to add to the new error.\n * @param param.data Data to set on the new error.\n * @returns The augmented error.\n */\nexport function augmentError(\n  err: any,\n  { status, message, data }: { status?: number; message?: string; data?: any },\n): ErrorWithStatusAndData {\n  let newErr: ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  if (err instanceof Error) {\n    const combinedMessage = message ? `${message}: ${err.message}` : err.message;\n    newErr = new Error(combinedMessage, { cause: err }) as ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  } else {\n    newErr = new Error(message ?? String(err)) as ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  }\n  newErr.status = status ?? 500;\n  newErr.data = data;\n  return newErr;\n}\n\nexport interface AugmentedErrorOptions {\n  status?: number;\n  data?: any;\n  info?: HtmlSafeString;\n  cause?: unknown;\n}\n\nexport class AugmentedError extends Error {\n  status: number;\n  data?: any;\n  info?: string;\n\n  constructor(message: string, options: AugmentedErrorOptions) {\n    super(message, { cause: options.cause });\n    this.status = options.status ?? 500;\n    this.data = options.data;\n    this.info = options.info?.toString();\n  }\n}\n\nexport class HttpStatusError extends Error {\n  status: number;\n\n  constructor(status: number, message: string, options?: ErrorOptions) {\n    super(message, options);\n    this.status = status;\n  }\n}\n"]}
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The existing error will be set as the `cause` of the new error.\n *\n * @param err An existing error.\n * @param param\n * @param param.status Status code to set on the new error.\n * @param param.message Message to add to the new error.\n * @param param.data Data to set on the new error.\n * @returns The augmented error.\n */\nexport function augmentError(\n  err: any,\n  { status, message, data }: { status?: number; message?: string; data?: any },\n): ErrorWithStatusAndData {\n  let newErr: ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  if (err instanceof Error) {\n    const combinedMessage = message ? `${message}: ${err.message}` : err.message;\n    newErr = new Error(combinedMessage, { cause: err }) as ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  } else {\n    newErr = new Error(message ?? String(err)) as ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  }\n  newErr.status = status ?? 500;\n  newErr.data = data;\n  return newErr;\n}\n\nexport interface AugmentedErrorOptions {\n  status?: number;\n  data?: any;\n  info?: HtmlSafeString;\n  cause?: unknown;\n}\n\nexport class AugmentedError extends Error {\n  status: number;\n  data?: any;\n  info?: string;\n\n  constructor(message: string, options: AugmentedErrorOptions) {\n    super(message, { cause: options.cause });\n    this.status = options.status ?? 500;\n    this.data = options.data;\n    this.info = options.info?.toString();\n  }\n}\n\nexport class HttpStatusError extends Error {\n  status: number;\n\n  constructor(status: number, message: string, options?: ErrorOptions) {\n    super(message, options);\n    this.status = status;\n  }\n}\n"]}

package/dist/index.js

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
-import { isError } from 'es-toolkit';
+import { isError, sampleSize } from 'es-toolkit';
 import {} from '@prairielearn/html';
 export { formatErrorStack, formatErrorStackSafe } from './format.js';
+const ERROR_ID_CHARACTERS = [...'0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'];
+/** Generates an uppercase alphanumeric correlation ID for an error. */
+export function generateErrorId() {
+    return sampleSize(ERROR_ID_CHARACTERS, 12).join('');
+}
 export function make(status, message, data) {
     const err = new Error(message);
     err.status = status;
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@ export function newMessage(err, newMsg) {
     const newErr = (isError(err) ? err : new Error(String(err)));
     newErr.data = newErr.data || {};
     newErr.data._previousMessages = newErr.data._previousMessages || [];
-    newErr.data._previousMessages.splice(0, 0, newErr.message);
+    newErr.data._previousMessages.unshift(newErr.message);
     newErr.message = `${newMsg}: ${newErr.message}`;
     return newErr;
 }

package/dist/index.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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The existing error will be set as the `cause` of the new error.\n *\n * @param err An existing error.\n * @param param\n * @param param.status Status code to set on the new error.\n * @param param.message Message to add to the new error.\n * @param param.data Data to set on the new error.\n * @returns The augmented error.\n */\nexport function augmentError(\n  err: any,\n  { status, message, data }: { status?: number; message?: string; data?: any },\n): ErrorWithStatusAndData {\n  let newErr: ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  if (err instanceof Error) {\n    const combinedMessage = message ? `${message}: ${err.message}` : err.message;\n    newErr = new Error(combinedMessage, { cause: err }) as ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  } else {\n    newErr = new Error(message ?? String(err)) as ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  }\n  newErr.status = status ?? 500;\n  newErr.data = data;\n  return newErr;\n}\n\nexport interface AugmentedErrorOptions {\n  status?: number;\n  data?: any;\n  info?: HtmlSafeString;\n  cause?: unknown;\n}\n\nexport class AugmentedError extends Error {\n  status: number;\n  data?: any;\n  info?: string;\n\n  constructor(message: string, options: AugmentedErrorOptions) {\n    super(message, { cause: options.cause });\n    this.status = options.status ?? 500;\n    this.data = options.data;\n    this.info = options.info?.toString();\n  }\n}\n\nexport class HttpStatusError extends Error {\n  status: number;\n\n  constructor(status: number, message: string, options?: ErrorOptions) {\n    super(message, options);\n    this.status = status;\n  }\n}\n"]}
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err : new Error(String(err))) as ErrorWithData;\n  newErr.data = newErr.data || {};\n  Object.assign(newErr.data, data);\n  return newErr;\n}\n\nexport function newMessage(err: any, newMsg: string): ErrorWithData {\n  const newErr = (isError(err) ? err : new Error(String(err))) as ErrorWithData;\n  newErr.data = newErr.data || {};\n  newErr.data._previousMessages = newErr.data._previousMessages || [];\n  newErr.data._previousMessages.unshift(newErr.message);\n  newErr.message = `${newMsg}: ${newErr.message}`;\n  return newErr;\n}\n\n/**\n * Create a new error based an existing one, optionally adding status, message,\n * and/or data. The existing error will be set as the `cause` of the new error.\n *\n * @param err An existing error.\n * @param param\n * @param param.status Status code to set on the new error.\n * @param param.message Message to add to the new error.\n * @param param.data Data to set on the new error.\n * @returns The augmented error.\n */\nexport function augmentError(\n  err: any,\n  { status, message, data }: { status?: number; message?: string; data?: any },\n): ErrorWithStatusAndData {\n  let newErr: ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  if (err instanceof Error) {\n    const combinedMessage = message ? `${message}: ${err.message}` : err.message;\n    newErr = new Error(combinedMessage, { cause: err }) as ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  } else {\n    newErr = new Error(message ?? String(err)) as ErrorWithStatusAndData;\n  }\n  newErr.status = status ?? 500;\n  newErr.data = data;\n  return newErr;\n}\n\nexport interface AugmentedErrorOptions {\n  status?: number;\n  data?: any;\n  info?: HtmlSafeString;\n  cause?: unknown;\n}\n\nexport class AugmentedError extends Error {\n  status: number;\n  data?: any;\n  info?: string;\n\n  constructor(message: string, options: AugmentedErrorOptions) {\n    super(message, { cause: options.cause });\n    this.status = options.status ?? 500;\n    this.data = options.data;\n    this.info = options.info?.toString();\n  }\n}\n\nexport class HttpStatusError extends Error {\n  status: number;\n\n  constructor(status: number, message: string, options?: ErrorOptions) {\n    super(message, options);\n    this.status = status;\n  }\n}\n"]}

package/dist/index.test.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"index.test.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../src/index.test.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"","sourcesContent":["import { assert, describe, it } from 'vitest';\n\nimport {\n  HttpStatusError,\n  addData,\n  augmentError,\n  make,\n  makeWithData,\n  makeWithInfo,\n  newMessage,\n} from './index.js';\n\ndescribe('make', () => {\n  it('makes an error without data', () => {\n    const err = make(404, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n  });\n\n  it('makes an error with data', () => {\n    const err = make(404, 'Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('makeWithData', () => {\n  it('makes an error with the expected properties', () => {\n    const err = makeWithData('Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('makeWithInfo', () => {\n  it('makes an error with the expected properties', () => {\n    const err = makeWithInfo('Not Found', 'bar');\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.info, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('addData', () => {\n  it('adds data to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = addData(err, { foo: 'bar' });\n\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal((err as any).data.foo, 'bar');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n\n  it('coerces a non-error to a string', () => {\n    const newErr = addData('Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('newMessage', () => {\n  it('adds a new message to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = newMessage(err, '404');\n\n    assert.equal(err.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal((err as any).data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n  });\n\n  it('coerces a non-error to a string', () => {\n    const newErr = newMessage('Not Found', '404');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('augmentError', () => {\n  it('adds status, message, and data to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = augmentError(err, { status: 404, message: 'Missing', data: { foo: 'bar' } });\n\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Missing: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n    assert.equal(newErr.cause, err);\n    assert.equal((newErr.cause as any).message, 'Not Found');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('HttpStatusError', () => {\n  it('supports causes like native Error', () => {\n    const cause = new Error('Missing record');\n    const err = new HttpStatusError(404, 'Not Found', { cause });\n\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.cause, cause);\n  });\n});\n"]}
+{"version":3,"file":"index.test.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../src/index.test.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"","sourcesContent":["import { assert, describe, it } from 'vitest';\n\nimport {\n  HttpStatusError,\n  addData,\n  augmentError,\n  generateErrorId,\n  make,\n  makeWithData,\n  makeWithInfo,\n  newMessage,\n} from './index.js';\n\ndescribe('generateErrorId', () => {\n  it('generates a 12-character uppercase alphanumeric ID', () => {\n    assert.match(generateErrorId(), /^[0-9A-Z]{12}$/);\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('make', () => {\n  it('makes an error without data', () => {\n    const err = make(404, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n  });\n\n  it('makes an error with data', () => {\n    const err = make(404, 'Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('makeWithData', () => {\n  it('makes an error with the expected properties', () => {\n    const err = makeWithData('Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('makeWithInfo', () => {\n  it('makes an error with the expected properties', () => {\n    const err = makeWithInfo('Not Found', 'bar');\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.info, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('addData', () => {\n  it('adds data to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = addData(err, { foo: 'bar' });\n\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal((err as any).data.foo, 'bar');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n\n  it('coerces a non-error to a string', () => {\n    const newErr = addData('Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('newMessage', () => {\n  it('adds a new message to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = newMessage(err, '404');\n\n    assert.equal(err.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal((err as any).data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n  });\n\n  it('coerces a non-error to a string', () => {\n    const newErr = newMessage('Not Found', '404');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('augmentError', () => {\n  it('adds status, message, and data to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = augmentError(err, { status: 404, message: 'Missing', data: { foo: 'bar' } });\n\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Missing: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n    assert.equal(newErr.cause, err);\n    assert.equal((newErr.cause as any).message, 'Not Found');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('HttpStatusError', () => {\n  it('supports causes like native Error', () => {\n    const cause = new Error('Missing record');\n    const err = new HttpStatusError(404, 'Not Found', { cause });\n\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.cause, cause);\n  });\n});\n"]}

package/dist/index.test.js

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 import { assert, describe, it } from 'vitest';
-import { HttpStatusError, addData, augmentError, make, makeWithData, makeWithInfo, newMessage, } from './index.js';
+import { HttpStatusError, addData, augmentError, generateErrorId, make, makeWithData, makeWithInfo, newMessage, } from './index.js';
+describe('generateErrorId', () => {
+    it('generates a 12-character uppercase alphanumeric ID', () => {
+        assert.match(generateErrorId(), /^[0-9A-Z]{12}$/);
+    });
+});
 describe('make', () => {
     it('makes an error without data', () => {
         const err = make(404, 'Not Found');

package/dist/index.test.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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{ assert, describe, it } from 'vitest';\n\nimport {\n  HttpStatusError,\n  addData,\n  augmentError,\n  make,\n  makeWithData,\n  makeWithInfo,\n  newMessage,\n} from './index.js';\n\ndescribe('make', () => {\n  it('makes an error without data', () => {\n    const err = make(404, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n  });\n\n  it('makes an error with data', () => {\n    const err = make(404, 'Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('makeWithData', () => {\n  it('makes an error with the expected properties', () => {\n    const err = makeWithData('Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('makeWithInfo', () => {\n  it('makes an error with the expected properties', () => {\n    const err = makeWithInfo('Not Found', 'bar');\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.info, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('addData', () => {\n  it('adds data to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = addData(err, { foo: 'bar' });\n\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal((err as any).data.foo, 'bar');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n\n  it('coerces a non-error to a string', () => {\n    const newErr = addData('Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('newMessage', () => {\n  it('adds a new message to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = newMessage(err, '404');\n\n    assert.equal(err.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal((err as any).data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n  });\n\n  it('coerces a non-error to a string', () => {\n    const newErr = newMessage('Not Found', '404');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('augmentError', () => {\n  it('adds status, message, and data to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = augmentError(err, { status: 404, message: 'Missing', data: { foo: 'bar' } });\n\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Missing: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n    assert.equal(newErr.cause, err);\n    assert.equal((newErr.cause as any).message, 'Not Found');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('HttpStatusError', () => {\n  it('supports causes like native Error', () => {\n    const cause = new Error('Missing record');\n    const err = new HttpStatusError(404, 'Not Found', { cause });\n\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.cause, cause);\n  });\n});\n"]}
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{ assert, describe, it } from 'vitest';\n\nimport {\n  HttpStatusError,\n  addData,\n  augmentError,\n  generateErrorId,\n  make,\n  makeWithData,\n  makeWithInfo,\n  newMessage,\n} from './index.js';\n\ndescribe('generateErrorId', () => {\n  it('generates a 12-character uppercase alphanumeric ID', () => {\n    assert.match(generateErrorId(), /^[0-9A-Z]{12}$/);\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('make', () => {\n  it('makes an error without data', () => {\n    const err = make(404, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n  });\n\n  it('makes an error with data', () => {\n    const err = make(404, 'Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('makeWithData', () => {\n  it('makes an error with the expected properties', () => {\n    const err = makeWithData('Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('makeWithInfo', () => {\n  it('makes an error with the expected properties', () => {\n    const err = makeWithInfo('Not Found', 'bar');\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.info, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('addData', () => {\n  it('adds data to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = addData(err, { foo: 'bar' });\n\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal((err as any).data.foo, 'bar');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n\n  it('coerces a non-error to a string', () => {\n    const newErr = addData('Not Found', { foo: 'bar' });\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('newMessage', () => {\n  it('adds a new message to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = newMessage(err, '404');\n\n    assert.equal(err.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal((err as any).data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n  });\n\n  it('coerces a non-error to a string', () => {\n    const newErr = newMessage('Not Found', '404');\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, '404: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.data._previousMessages[0], 'Not Found');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('augmentError', () => {\n  it('adds status, message, and data to an error', () => {\n    const err = new Error('Not Found');\n    const newErr = augmentError(err, { status: 404, message: 'Missing', data: { foo: 'bar' } });\n\n    assert.equal(newErr.message, 'Missing: Not Found');\n    assert.equal(newErr.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(newErr.data.foo, 'bar');\n    assert.equal(newErr.cause, err);\n    assert.equal((newErr.cause as any).message, 'Not Found');\n  });\n});\n\ndescribe('HttpStatusError', () => {\n  it('supports causes like native Error', () => {\n    const cause = new Error('Missing record');\n    const err = new HttpStatusError(404, 'Not Found', { cause });\n\n    assert.equal(err.status, 404);\n    assert.equal(err.message, 'Not Found');\n    assert.equal(err.cause, cause);\n  });\n});\n"]}

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@prairielearn/error",
-  "version": "3.0.12",
+  "version": "3.1.0",
   "type": "module",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",

package/src/index.test.ts

@@ -4,12 +4,19 @@ import {
   HttpStatusError,
   addData,
   augmentError,
+  generateErrorId,
   make,
   makeWithData,
   makeWithInfo,
   newMessage,
 } from './index.js';
 
+describe('generateErrorId', () => {
+  it('generates a 12-character uppercase alphanumeric ID', () => {
+    assert.match(generateErrorId(), /^[0-9A-Z]{12}$/);
+  });
+});
+
 describe('make', () => {
   it('makes an error without data', () => {
     const err = make(404, 'Not Found');

package/src/index.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
-import { isError } from 'es-toolkit';
+import { isError, sampleSize } from 'es-toolkit';
 
 import { type HtmlSafeString } from '@prairielearn/html';
 
 export { formatErrorStack, formatErrorStackSafe } from './format.js';
 
+const ERROR_ID_CHARACTERS = [...'0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'];
+
+/** Generates an uppercase alphanumeric correlation ID for an error. */
+export function generateErrorId(): string {
+  return sampleSize(ERROR_ID_CHARACTERS, 12).join('');
+}
+
 interface ErrorWithData extends Error {
   data: any;
 }
@@ -53,7 +60,7 @@ export function newMessage(err: any, newMsg: string): ErrorWithData {
   const newErr = (isError(err) ? err : new Error(String(err))) as ErrorWithData;
   newErr.data = newErr.data || {};
   newErr.data._previousMessages = newErr.data._previousMessages || [];
-  newErr.data._previousMessages.splice(0, 0, newErr.message);
+  newErr.data._previousMessages.unshift(newErr.message);
   newErr.message = `${newMsg}: ${newErr.message}`;
   return newErr;
 }