@playcanvas/web-components 0.10.0 → 0.10.1

package/dist/pwc.js

@@ -20,11 +20,21 @@
                 this._readyResolve = resolve;
             });
         }
+        /**
+         * The nearest ancestor `<pc-app>` element, or `null` if this element has no `<pc-app>`
+         * ancestor. The search starts at the parent, so an element never resolves to itself.
+         * @returns The closest app element, or `null`.
+         */
         get closestApp() {
-            return this.parentElement?.closest('pc-app');
+            return this.parentElement?.closest('pc-app') ?? null;
         }
+        /**
+         * The nearest ancestor `<pc-entity>` element, or `null` if this element has no `<pc-entity>`
+         * ancestor. The search starts at the parent, so an element never resolves to itself.
+         * @returns The closest entity element, or `null`.
+         */
         get closestEntity() {
-            return this.parentElement?.closest('pc-entity');
+            return this.parentElement?.closest('pc-entity') ?? null;
         }
         /**
          * Called when the element is fully initialized and ready. Subclasses should call this when
@@ -118,6 +128,116 @@
     }
     customElements.define('pc-module', ModuleElement);
 
+    /** Covers the 0.2s opacity transition; jsdom never fires transitionend, so removal is timed. */
+    const REMOVAL_DELAY_MS = 250;
+    /**
+     * The slim progress bar `<pc-app>` shows while it boots and preloads. An implementation detail of
+     * AppElement rather than a custom element, so its shape can change without a breaking change.
+     *
+     * All styling is inline, so the library injects no stylesheet. The colors and height resolve CSS
+     * custom properties — `--pc-loading-bar-color`, `--pc-loading-bar-background` and
+     * `--pc-loading-bar-height` — so a page can theme the bar from `pc-app` or `:root`.
+     */
+    class LoadingBar {
+        _track;
+        _fill;
+        _sweep = null;
+        _removal = null;
+        /**
+         * Creates the bar and appends it to `parent`, starting in the indeterminate state.
+         * @param parent - The element to append the bar to.
+         */
+        constructor(parent) {
+            this._track = document.createElement('div');
+            this._track.setAttribute('role', 'progressbar');
+            this._track.setAttribute('aria-label', 'Loading');
+            this._track.setAttribute('aria-valuemin', '0');
+            this._track.setAttribute('aria-valuemax', '100');
+            // Fixed positioning matches the canvas, which always fills the window (FILLMODE_FILL_WINDOW)
+            this._track.style.cssText = [
+                'position: fixed',
+                'top: 0',
+                'left: 0',
+                'width: 100%',
+                'height: var(--pc-loading-bar-height, 3px)',
+                'background: var(--pc-loading-bar-background, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1))',
+                'z-index: 10000',
+                'pointer-events: none',
+                'opacity: 1',
+                'transition: opacity 0.2s ease'
+            ].join('; ');
+            this._fill = document.createElement('div');
+            this._fill.style.cssText = [
+                'width: 100%',
+                'height: 100%',
+                'transform-origin: left center',
+                'transform: scaleX(0)',
+                'background: var(--pc-loading-bar-color, #f60)',
+                'transition: transform 0.2s ease'
+            ].join('; ');
+            this._track.appendChild(this._fill);
+            parent.appendChild(this._track);
+            // Indeterminate sweep until the first progress() call reports a real total. No
+            // aria-valuenow is set, which is what marks a progressbar indeterminate. jsdom has no Web
+            // Animations API, so the guard degrades to a static bar there rather than crashing boot.
+            if (typeof this._fill.animate === 'function') {
+                this._sweep = this._fill.animate([
+                    { transform: 'scaleX(0.25) translateX(-100%)' },
+                    { transform: 'scaleX(0.25) translateX(500%)' }
+                ], {
+                    duration: 1000,
+                    iterations: Infinity,
+                    easing: 'ease-in-out'
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        /**
+         * Reflects preload progress, switching the bar from indeterminate to determinate on the first
+         * call.
+         * @param loaded - The number of assets that have finished loading.
+         * @param total - The number of assets being preloaded.
+         */
+        progress(loaded, total) {
+            if (this._sweep) {
+                this._sweep.cancel();
+                this._sweep = null;
+            }
+            const fraction = total === 0 ? 1 : loaded / total;
+            this._track.setAttribute('aria-valuenow', String(Math.round(fraction * 100)));
+            this._fill.style.transform = `scaleX(${fraction})`;
+        }
+        /**
+         * Fills the bar, fades it out and removes it. Idempotent.
+         */
+        complete() {
+            if (this._removal !== null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (this._sweep) {
+                this._sweep.cancel();
+                this._sweep = null;
+            }
+            this._track.setAttribute('aria-valuenow', '100');
+            this._fill.style.transform = 'scaleX(1)';
+            this._track.style.opacity = '0';
+            this._removal = setTimeout(() => this._track.remove(), REMOVAL_DELAY_MS);
+        }
+        /**
+         * Removes the bar immediately, cancelling any pending fade. Idempotent.
+         */
+        destroy() {
+            if (this._sweep) {
+                this._sweep.cancel();
+                this._sweep = null;
+            }
+            if (this._removal !== null) {
+                clearTimeout(this._removal);
+                this._removal = null;
+            }
+            this._track.remove();
+        }
+    }
+
     const CSS_COLORS = {
         aliceblue: '#f0f8ff',
         antiquewhite: '#faebd7',
@@ -545,6 +665,11 @@
      * {@link https://developer.playcanvas.com/user-manual/web-components/tags/pc-app/ | `<pc-app>`} elements.
      * The AppElement interface also inherits the properties and methods of the
      * {@link HTMLElement} interface.
+     *
+     * @fires {ProgressEvent} progress - Fired while the application preloads its assets. `loaded` and
+     * `total` are asset counts, not bytes, and an asset that fails to load still counts as loaded.
+     * Fired at least once per boot, and the final event always has `loaded` equal to `total`. Does
+     * not bubble.
      */
     class AppElement extends AsyncElement {
         /**
@@ -557,6 +682,8 @@
         _depth = true;
         _stencil = true;
         _highResolution = true;
+        _loadingBar = true;
+        _bar = null;
         _hierarchyReady = false;
         _picker = null;
         _hasPointerListeners = {
@@ -567,20 +694,34 @@
             pointermove: false
         };
         _hoveredEntity = null;
+        // Identifies the newest in-flight hover pick, so out-of-order results can be discarded
+        _pickToken = 0;
         _pointerHandlers = {
             pointermove: null,
             pointerdown: null,
             pointerup: null
         };
         _app = null;
+        _loadProgress = 0;
         /**
-         * The PlayCanvas application instance. Available once the element is ready — await
-         * {@link whenReady} or the element's `ready()` promise before accessing it.
-         * @returns The application instance.
+         * The PlayCanvas application instance. `null` until the element is ready, and again once it
+         * has been removed from the document — await {@link whenReady} or the element's `ready()`
+         * promise before accessing it.
+         * @returns The application instance, or `null`.
          */
         get app() {
             return this._app;
         }
+        /**
+         * The asset preload progress of the application, as a fraction from 0 to 1. It is 0 until
+         * preloading begins (and again once the element has been removed from the document), and 1
+         * once preloading has finished — including when there was nothing to preload. Read this to
+         * initialize a loading UI; subsequent updates arrive via the `progress` event.
+         * @returns The preload progress.
+         */
+        get loadProgress() {
+            return this._loadProgress;
+        }
         /**
          * Creates a new AppElement instance.
          *
@@ -592,6 +733,11 @@
             this._onWindowResize = this._onWindowResize.bind(this);
         }
         async connectedCallback() {
+            // Created before the first await, so the bar is visible while modules and the graphics
+            // device are created, and exists before any disconnect could need to clean it up
+            if (this._loadingBar && !this._bar) {
+                this._bar = new LoadingBar(this);
+            }
             // Get all pc-module elements that are direct children of the pc-app element
             const moduleElements = this.querySelectorAll(':scope > pc-module');
             // Wait for all modules to load
@@ -679,10 +825,11 @@
             createOptions.lightmapper = playcanvas.Lightmapper;
             createOptions.batchManager = playcanvas.BatchManager;
             createOptions.xr = playcanvas.XrManager;
-            this._app = new playcanvas.AppBase(this._canvas);
-            this.app.init(createOptions);
-            this.app.setCanvasFillMode(playcanvas.FILLMODE_FILL_WINDOW);
-            this.app.setCanvasResolution(playcanvas.RESOLUTION_AUTO);
+            const app = new playcanvas.AppBase(this._canvas);
+            this._app = app;
+            app.init(createOptions);
+            app.setCanvasFillMode(playcanvas.FILLMODE_FILL_WINDOW);
+            app.setCanvasResolution(playcanvas.RESOLUTION_AUTO);
             this._pickerCreate();
             // Get all pc-asset elements that are direct children of the pc-app element
             const assetElements = this.querySelectorAll(':scope > pc-asset');
@@ -690,7 +837,7 @@
                 assetElement.createAsset();
                 const asset = assetElement.asset;
                 if (asset) {
-                    this.app.assets.add(asset);
+                    app.assets.add(asset);
                 }
             });
             // Get all pc-material elements that are direct children of the pc-app element
@@ -701,17 +848,39 @@
             // Create all entities
             const entityElements = this.querySelectorAll('pc-entity');
             Array.from(entityElements).forEach((entityElement) => {
-                entityElement.createEntity(this.app);
+                entityElement.createEntity(app);
             });
             // Build hierarchy
             entityElements.forEach((entityElement) => {
-                entityElement.buildHierarchy(this.app);
+                entityElement.buildHierarchy(app);
             });
             this._hierarchyReady = true;
+            // Forward the engine's preload lifecycle as DOM ProgressEvents on this element. The
+            // listener must be attached before preload() is called: an asset that is already loaded
+            // ticks synchronously inside it.
+            const total = app.assets.list({ preload: true }).length;
+            let loaded = 0;
+            const onPreloadProgress = () => {
+                loaded += 1;
+                this._loadProgress = loaded / total;
+                this._bar?.progress(loaded, total);
+                this.dispatchEvent(new ProgressEvent('progress', { lengthComputable: true, loaded, total }));
+            };
+            app.on('preload:progress', onPreloadProgress);
+            this._loadProgress = total === 0 ? 1 : 0;
+            this._bar?.progress(0, total);
+            this.dispatchEvent(new ProgressEvent('progress', { lengthComputable: true, loaded: 0, total }));
             // Load assets before starting the application
-            this.app.preload(() => {
+            app.preload(() => {
+                // Scope the counter to this preload pass, so a later app.preload() call by user code
+                // cannot push `loaded` past `total`
+                app.off('preload:progress', onPreloadProgress);
+                this._loadProgress = 1;
                 // Start the application
-                this.app.start();
+                app.start();
+                // Dismiss the bar only once a frame has actually rendered; ready fires before the
+                // first rAF tick
+                app.once('frameend', () => this._bar?.complete());
                 // Handle window resize to keep the canvas responsive
                 window.addEventListener('resize', this._onWindowResize);
                 this._onReady();
@@ -720,10 +889,13 @@
         disconnectedCallback() {
             this._pickerDestroy();
             // Clean up the application
-            if (this.app) {
-                this.app.destroy();
+            if (this._app) {
+                this._app.destroy();
                 this._app = null;
             }
+            this._loadProgress = 0;
+            this._bar?.destroy();
+            this._bar = null;
             // Remove event listeners
             window.removeEventListener('resize', this._onWindowResize);
             // Remove the canvas
@@ -740,10 +912,17 @@
         _pickerCreate() {
             const { width, height } = this.app.graphicsDevice;
             this._picker = new playcanvas.Picker(this.app, width, height);
-            // Create bound handlers but don't attach them yet
-            this._pointerHandlers.pointermove = this._onPointerMove.bind(this);
-            this._pointerHandlers.pointerdown = this._onPointerDown.bind(this);
-            this._pointerHandlers.pointerup = this._onPointerUp.bind(this);
+            // Create bound handlers but don't attach them yet. The handlers pick asynchronously, so
+            // each is wrapped to discard the promise - a listener must not return one, and nothing
+            // awaits the result.
+            const listener = (handler) => {
+                return (event) => {
+                    handler.call(this, event);
+                };
+            };
+            this._pointerHandlers.pointermove = listener(this._onPointerMove);
+            this._pointerHandlers.pointerdown = listener(this._onPointerDown);
+            this._pointerHandlers.pointerup = listener(this._onPointerUp);
             // Listen for pointer listeners being added/removed
             ['pointermove', 'pointerdown', 'pointerup', 'pointerenter', 'pointerleave'].forEach((type) => {
                 this.addEventListener(`${type}:connect`, () => this._onPointerListenerAdded(type));
@@ -791,29 +970,49 @@
             const y = (event.clientY - canvasRect.top) * scaleY;
             return { x, y };
         }
-        _onPointerMove(event) {
-            if (!this._picker || !this.app)
-                return;
+        /**
+         * Picks the scene under the pointer and returns the graph node that was hit, or `null`.
+         *
+         * The read back is asynchronous because the synchronous {@link Picker.getSelection} is not
+         * supported on WebGPU, where it returns an empty selection rather than failing - which
+         * silently disabled every `onpointer*` handler once WebGPU became the resolved backend. The
+         * async variant works on both backends and does not block the main thread on a GPU read.
+         *
+         * @param event - The pointer event to pick under.
+         * @returns The graph node under the pointer, or `null` if nothing was hit.
+         */
+        async _pickNode(event) {
             const camera = this.app.root.findComponent('camera');
             if (!camera)
-                return;
-            // Use the helper to convert event coordinates into canvas/picker coordinates.
+                return null;
             const { x, y } = this._getPickerCoordinates(event);
             this._picker.prepare(camera, this.app.scene);
-            const selection = this._picker.getSelection(x, y);
+            const selection = await this._picker.getSelectionAsync(x, y);
+            if (selection.length === 0)
+                return null;
+            const item = selection[0];
+            return item instanceof playcanvas.MeshInstance ? item.node : item.entity;
+        }
+        async _onPointerMove(event) {
+            if (!this._picker || !this.app)
+                return;
+            // Moves arrive faster than a pick resolves, so results can land out of order. Only the
+            // newest pick may update the hover state - an older one describes a pointer position the
+            // user has already left.
+            const token = ++this._pickToken;
+            const node = await this._pickNode(event);
+            if (token !== this._pickToken || !this._picker)
+                return;
             // Get the currently hovered entity by walking up the hierarchy
             let newHoverEntity = null;
-            if (selection.length > 0) {
-                const item = selection[0];
-                let currentNode = item instanceof playcanvas.MeshInstance ? item.node : item.entity;
-                while (currentNode !== null) {
-                    const entityElement = this.querySelector(`pc-entity[name="${currentNode.name}"]`);
-                    if (entityElement) {
-                        newHoverEntity = entityElement;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    currentNode = currentNode.parent;
+            let currentNode = node;
+            while (currentNode !== null) {
+                const entityElement = this.querySelector(`pc-entity[name="${currentNode.name}"]`);
+                if (entityElement) {
+                    newHoverEntity = entityElement;
+                    break;
                 }
+                currentNode = currentNode.parent;
             }
             // Handle enter/leave events
             if (this._hoveredEntity !== newHoverEntity) {
@@ -831,46 +1030,30 @@
                 newHoverEntity.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent('pointermove', event));
             }
         }
-        _onPointerDown(event) {
+        async _onPointerDown(event) {
             if (!this._picker || !this.app)
                 return;
-            const camera = this.app.root.findComponent('camera');
-            if (!camera)
-                return;
-            // Convert the event's pointer coordinates
-            const { x, y } = this._getPickerCoordinates(event);
-            this._picker.prepare(camera, this.app.scene);
-            const selection = this._picker.getSelection(x, y);
-            if (selection.length > 0) {
-                const item = selection[0];
-                let currentNode = item instanceof playcanvas.MeshInstance ? item.node : item.entity;
-                while (currentNode !== null) {
-                    const entityElement = this.querySelector(`pc-entity[name="${currentNode.name}"]`);
-                    if (entityElement && entityElement.hasListeners('pointerdown')) {
-                        entityElement.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent('pointerdown', event));
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    currentNode = currentNode.parent;
+            let currentNode = await this._pickNode(event);
+            if (!this._picker)
+                return; // the element disconnected while the pick was in flight
+            while (currentNode !== null) {
+                const entityElement = this.querySelector(`pc-entity[name="${currentNode.name}"]`);
+                if (entityElement && entityElement.hasListeners('pointerdown')) {
+                    entityElement.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent('pointerdown', event));
+                    break;
                 }
+                currentNode = currentNode.parent;
             }
         }
-        _onPointerUp(event) {
+        async _onPointerUp(event) {
             if (!this._picker || !this.app)
                 return;
-            const camera = this.app.root.findComponent('camera');
-            if (!camera)
+            const node = await this._pickNode(event);
+            if (!node || !this._picker)
                 return;
-            // Convert CSS coordinates to picker coordinates
-            const { x, y } = this._getPickerCoordinates(event);
-            this._picker.prepare(camera, this.app.scene);
-            const selection = this._picker.getSelection(x, y);
-            if (selection.length > 0) {
-                const item = selection[0];
-                const node = item instanceof playcanvas.MeshInstance ? item.node : item.entity;
-                const entityElement = this.querySelector(`pc-entity[name="${node.name}"]`);
-                if (entityElement && entityElement.hasListeners('pointerup')) {
-                    entityElement.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent('pointerup', event));
-                }
+            const entityElement = this.querySelector(`pc-entity[name="${node.name}"]`);
+            if (entityElement && entityElement.hasListeners('pointerup')) {
+                entityElement.dispatchEvent(new PointerEvent('pointerup', event));
             }
         }
         _onPointerListenerAdded(type) {
@@ -981,6 +1164,29 @@
         get highResolution() {
             return this._highResolution;
         }
+        /**
+         * Sets whether the application shows its built-in loading bar while it boots and preloads its
+         * assets. Enabled by default; setting `false` removes the bar immediately, while setting
+         * `true` has no effect until the element is next connected. The bar can be themed with the
+         * CSS custom properties `--pc-loading-bar-color`, `--pc-loading-bar-background` and
+         * `--pc-loading-bar-height`.
+         * @param value - The loading bar flag.
+         */
+        set loadingBar(value) {
+            this._loadingBar = value;
+            if (!value && this._bar) {
+                this._bar.destroy();
+                this._bar = null;
+            }
+        }
+        /**
+         * Gets whether the application shows its built-in loading bar while it boots and preloads
+         * its assets.
+         * @returns The loading bar flag.
+         */
+        get loadingBar() {
+            return this._loadingBar;
+        }
         /**
          * Sets the stencil flag.
          * @param value - The stencil flag.
@@ -996,7 +1202,7 @@
             return this._stencil;
         }
         static get observedAttributes() {
-            return ['alpha', 'antialias', 'backend', 'depth', 'stencil', 'high-resolution'];
+            return ['alpha', 'antialias', 'backend', 'depth', 'stencil', 'high-resolution', 'loading-bar'];
         }
         attributeChangedCallback(name, _oldValue, newValue) {
             switch (name) {
@@ -1015,6 +1221,9 @@
                 case 'high-resolution':
                     this.highResolution = parseBool(newValue, true);
                     break;
+                case 'loading-bar':
+                    this.loadingBar = parseBool(newValue, true);
+                    break;
                 case 'stencil':
                     this.stencil = parseBool(newValue, true);
                     break;
@@ -1086,9 +1295,10 @@
         _built = false;
         _entity = null;
         /**
-         * The PlayCanvas entity instance. Available once the element is ready — await
-         * {@link whenReady} or the element's `ready()` promise before accessing it.
-         * @returns The entity instance.
+         * The PlayCanvas entity instance. `null` until the element is ready, and again once it has
+         * been removed from the document — await {@link whenReady} or the element's `ready()`
+         * promise before accessing it.
+         * @returns The entity instance, or `null`.
          */
         get entity() {
             return this._entity;
@@ -1100,16 +1310,18 @@
             if (this._entity) {
                 return;
             }
-            // Create a new entity
-            const entity = new playcanvas.Entity(this.getAttribute('name') || this._name, app);
+            // Seed from the cached fields rather than re-reading the attributes. Every observed
+            // attribute is routed through its property setter by attributeChangedCallback, so the field
+            // already holds the parsed attribute value - and it also holds anything assigned through the
+            // property API before the app booted, which reading the attribute back would discard.
+            const entity = new playcanvas.Entity(this._name, app);
             this._entity = entity;
-            entity.enabled = parseBool(this.getAttribute('enabled'), true);
-            entity.setLocalPosition(parseVec3(this.getAttribute('position'), playcanvas.Vec3.ZERO, 'position'));
-            entity.setLocalEulerAngles(parseVec3(this.getAttribute('rotation'), playcanvas.Vec3.ZERO, 'rotation'));
-            entity.setLocalScale(parseVec3(this.getAttribute('scale'), playcanvas.Vec3.ONE, 'scale'));
-            const tags = parseTags(this.getAttribute('tags'));
-            if (tags.length > 0) {
-                entity.tags.add(tags);
+            entity.enabled = this._enabled;
+            entity.setLocalPosition(this._position);
+            entity.setLocalEulerAngles(this._rotation);
+            entity.setLocalScale(this._scale);
+            if (this._tags.length > 0) {
+                entity.tags.add(this._tags);
             }
         }
         buildHierarchy(app) {
@@ -1128,8 +1340,15 @@
         connectedCallback() {
             // Wait for app to be ready
             const closestApp = this.closestApp;
-            if (!closestApp)
+            if (!closestApp) {
+                // An entity outside an application is inert and never becomes ready, so awaiting it
+                // hangs. Warn rather than fail silently, naming the parent it requires, as every other
+                // misplaced element does.
+                const name = this.getAttribute('name');
+                const label = name ? ` '${name}'` : '';
+                console.warn(`pc-entity${label} must be a descendant of pc-app - entity not created`);
                 return;
+            }
             // If app is already running, create entity immediately
             if (closestApp.hierarchyReady) {
                 const app = closestApp.app;
@@ -1147,10 +1366,15 @@
         }
         disconnectedCallback() {
             if (this.entity) {
-                // Notify all children that their entities are about to become invalid
+                // Notify all children that their entities are about to become invalid. Both fields have
+                // to be reset here, not just _entity: a descendant's own disconnectedCallback runs after
+                // this one and skips its reset behind the `if (this.entity)` guard, because we have
+                // already nulled the entity it tests. Leaving _built set would make buildHierarchy bail
+                // on re-insertion, so the descendant would get a fresh entity that is never parented.
                 const children = this.querySelectorAll('pc-entity');
                 children.forEach((child) => {
                     child._entity = null;
+                    child._built = false;
                 });
                 // Destroy the entity
                 this.entity.destroy();
@@ -1605,6 +1829,13 @@
      * @attribute {number} pixels-per-unit - For a `sprite` asset, the number of pixels per world unit.
      * @attribute {'simple' | 'sliced' | 'tiled'} render-mode - For a `sprite` asset, how the sprite is
      * rendered when resized.
+     *
+     * @fires {Event} load - Fired each time the asset finishes loading, including a `lazy` asset
+     * loaded later and any subsequent reloads. Does not bubble — listen on this element, or use a
+     * capture-phase listener on an ancestor to observe every asset.
+     * @fires {ErrorEvent} error - Fired when the asset fails to load, with the engine's error in
+     * `message`. Does not bubble. The element still becomes ready — readiness means the load settled,
+     * not that it succeeded.
      */
     class AssetElement extends AsyncElement {
         _lazy = false;
@@ -1648,6 +1879,14 @@
         disconnectedCallback() {
             this.destroyAsset();
         }
+        _onAssetLoad() {
+            this.dispatchEvent(new Event('load'));
+        }
+        _onAssetError(err) {
+            this.dispatchEvent(new ErrorEvent('error', {
+                message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
+            }));
+        }
         createAsset() {
             const id = this.getAttribute('id') || '';
             const src = this.getAttribute('src') || '';
@@ -1682,6 +1921,10 @@
                 this.asset = new playcanvas.Asset(id, type, src ? { url: src } : null, data);
             }
             this.asset.preload = !this._lazy;
+            // Forward the engine asset's load outcome as DOM events on this element, like <img>.
+            // Attached before the asset joins the registry, which is what starts a preloaded load.
+            this.asset.on('load', this._onAssetLoad, this);
+            this.asset.on('error', this._onAssetError, this);
         }
         /**
          * Builds the `data` object for the asset from an optional inline `data` attribute (JSON) and,
@@ -1736,6 +1979,9 @@
         }
         destroyAsset() {
             if (this.asset) {
+                // A caller that keeps the Asset alive must not dispatch on a removed element
+                this.asset.off('load', this._onAssetLoad, this);
+                this.asset.off('error', this._onAssetError, this);
                 // Deregister first so unload() can still notify the registry
                 this.asset.registry?.remove(this.asset);
                 this.asset.unload();
@@ -1831,9 +2077,10 @@
             this._appElement = null;
         }
         /**
-         * The PlayCanvas component instance. Available once the element is ready — await
-         * {@link whenReady} or the element's `ready()` promise before accessing it.
-         * @returns The component instance.
+         * The PlayCanvas component instance. `null` until the element is ready, and also for an
+         * element that is not a descendant of a `<pc-entity>` — await {@link whenReady} or the
+         * element's `ready()` promise before accessing it.
+         * @returns The component instance, or `null`.
          */
         get component() {
             return this._component;
@@ -4726,8 +4973,14 @@
      * created on insertion.
      *
      * The element is metal/rough by default: unlike a bare `StandardMaterial` it enables the metalness
-     * workflow, which is what the `metalness-*` attributes assume and what glTF means by PBR. The
-     * `roughness` and `roughness-map` attributes are aliases for `gloss` and `gloss-map` that
+     * workflow, which is what the `metalness-*` attributes assume and what glTF means by PBR. It also
+     * defaults `metalness` to 0 rather than the engine's 1, because those two defaults have to be
+     * chosen together - the engine's 1 is unreachable under its own `useMetalness` of false, and with
+     * the workflow on it would make every material fully metallic, so `<pc-material diffuse="crimson">`
+     * would render as dark tinted reflections of an environment that may not exist rather than as a
+     * crimson surface. `metalness="1"` remains one attribute away.
+     *
+     * The `roughness` and `roughness-map` attributes are aliases for `gloss` and `gloss-map` that
      * additionally invert the gloss channel; do not mix the two families on one element.
      *
      * The two aliases are documented here rather than on an accessor, because they resolve to the
@@ -4787,7 +5040,7 @@
         _heightMapRotation = 0;
         _heightMapTiling = new playcanvas.Vec2(1, 1);
         _heightMapUv = 0;
-        _metalness = 1;
+        _metalness = 0;
         _metalnessMap = '';
         _metalnessMapChannel = 'g';
         _metalnessMapOffset = new playcanvas.Vec2(0, 0);
@@ -6730,7 +6983,7 @@
                     this.heightMapUv = parseNumber(newValue, 0, name);
                     break;
                 case 'metalness':
-                    this.metalness = parseNumber(newValue, 1, name);
+                    this.metalness = parseNumber(newValue, 0, name);
                     break;
                 case 'metalness-map':
                     this.metalnessMap = newValue ?? '';
@@ -9328,30 +9581,58 @@
         _gravity = new playcanvas.Vec3(0, -9.81, 0);
         _scene = null;
         /**
-         * The PlayCanvas scene instance. Available once the element is ready — await
+         * The PlayCanvas scene instance. `null` until the element is ready — await
          * {@link whenReady} or the element's `ready()` promise before accessing it.
-         * @returns The scene instance.
+         * @returns The scene instance, or `null`.
          */
         get scene() {
             return this._scene;
         }
         async connectedCallback() {
-            await this.closestApp?.ready();
-            this._scene = this.closestApp.app.scene;
+            const appElement = this.closestApp;
+            if (!appElement) {
+                console.warn('pc-scene must be a descendant of pc-app - scene settings not applied');
+                return;
+            }
+            await appElement.ready();
+            // The element may have been removed or re-parented while waiting for the app. Matches the
+            // guard in AssetElement and MaterialElement, but compares closestApp rather than
+            // parentElement because pc-scene resolves its app by ancestor rather than direct child.
+            // Without this, a scene re-parented mid-await would take its Scene from the app it started
+            // under while _applyGravity resolved the app it ended up under, splitting the two.
+            if (!this.isConnected || this.closestApp !== appElement) {
+                return;
+            }
+            // The application is gone if the tree was torn down while we awaited readiness. There is
+            // nothing to configure and nothing the author can act on, so this stays silent.
+            const app = appElement.app;
+            if (!app) {
+                return;
+            }
+            this._scene = app.scene;
             this.updateSceneSettings();
             this._onReady();
         }
         updateSceneSettings() {
-            if (this.scene) {
-                this.scene.fog.type = this._fog;
-                this.scene.fog.color = this._fogColor;
-                this.scene.fog.density = this._fogDensity;
-                this.scene.fog.start = this._fogStart;
-                this.scene.fog.end = this._fogEnd;
-                const appElement = this.parentElement;
-                appElement.app.systems.rigidbody.gravity.copy(this._gravity);
+            if (this._scene) {
+                this._scene.fog.type = this._fog;
+                this._scene.fog.color = this._fogColor;
+                this._scene.fog.density = this._fogDensity;
+                this._scene.fog.start = this._fogStart;
+                this._scene.fog.end = this._fogEnd;
+                this._applyGravity(this._gravity);
             }
         }
+        /**
+         * Applies gravity to the rigid body system. Resolved through `closestApp` rather than
+         * `parentElement` so that a `<pc-scene>` nested inside a wrapper element behaves the same as
+         * a direct child, matching how `connectedCallback` resolves the application.
+         *
+         * @param value - The gravity to apply.
+         */
+        _applyGravity(value) {
+            this.closestApp?.app?.systems.rigidbody?.gravity.copy(value);
+        }
         /**
          * Sets the fog type of the scene. Can be `none`, `linear`, `exp` or `exp2`. Defaults to
          * `none`.
@@ -9444,9 +9725,8 @@
          */
         set gravity(value) {
             this._gravity = value;
-            if (this.scene) {
-                const appElement = this.parentElement;
-                appElement.app.systems.rigidbody.gravity.copy(value);
+            if (this._scene) {
+                this._applyGravity(value);
             }
         }
         /**