@pkmn/engine 0.1.0-dev.14ca6108 → 0.1.0-dev.15f64810

package/src/lib/gen1/data.zig

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ const expect = std.testing.expect;
 
 /// The minimum size in bytes required to hold all Generation I choice options.
 pub const MAX_CHOICES: usize = 9; // move 1..4, switch 2..6
-/// The optimal size in bytes required to hold all Generation I choice options.
-/// At least as large as MAX_CHOICES.
+/// The maximum number of bytes possibly logged by a single Generation I update.
 pub const MAX_LOGS: usize = 180;
 
-/// The maximum number of bytes possibly logged by a single Generation I update.
+/// The optimal size in bytes required to hold all Generation I choice options.
+/// At least as large as MAX_CHOICES.
 pub const CHOICES_SIZE = if (builtin.mode == .ReleaseSmall)
     MAX_CHOICES
 else
@@ -70,24 +70,24 @@ pub fn Battle(comptime RNG: anytype) type {
         rng: RNG,
 
         /// Returns the `Side` for the given `player`.
-        pub inline fn side(self: anytype, player: Player) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), Side) {
+        pub fn side(self: anytype, player: Player) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), Side) {
             assert(@typeInfo(@TypeOf(self)).Pointer.child == Self);
             return &self.sides[@intFromEnum(player)];
         }
 
         /// Returns the `Side` of the opponent for the given `player`
-        pub inline fn foe(self: anytype, player: Player) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), Side) {
+        pub fn foe(self: anytype, player: Player) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), Side) {
             assert(@typeInfo(@TypeOf(self)).Pointer.child == Self);
             return &self.sides[@intFromEnum(player.foe())];
         }
 
         /// Returns an identifier for the active Pokémon of `player`.
-        pub inline fn active(self: *const Self, player: Player) ID {
+        pub fn active(self: *const Self, player: Player) ID {
             return player.ident(@intCast(self.side(player).order[0]));
         }
 
         /// Returns the `MoveDetails` for the given `player`.
-        pub inline fn lastMove(
+        pub fn lastMove(
             self: anytype,
             player: Player,
         ) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), MoveDetails) {
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ pub fn Battle(comptime RNG: anytype) type {
         /// make (i.e. on the cartridge a soft-lock occurs).
         ///
         /// This function will always return choices > 0 if `pkmn.options.showdown` is true.
-        pub fn choices(self: *Self, player: Player, request: Choice.Type, out: []Choice) u8 {
+        pub fn choices(self: *const Self, player: Player, request: Choice.Type, out: []Choice) u8 {
             return mechanics.choices(self, player, request, out);
         }
     };
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ pub const Side = extern struct {
     }
 
     /// Returns the stored `Pokemon` corresponding to the one-indexed party `slot`.
-    pub inline fn get(self: anytype, slot: u8) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), Pokemon) {
+    pub fn get(self: anytype, slot: u8) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), Pokemon) {
         assert(@typeInfo(@TypeOf(self)).Pointer.child == Side);
         assert(slot > 0 and slot <= 6);
         const id = self.order[slot - 1];
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ pub const Side = extern struct {
     }
 
     /// Returns the stored `Pokemon` corresponding to the `active` Pokémon (slot 1).
-    pub inline fn stored(self: anytype) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), Pokemon) {
+    pub fn stored(self: anytype) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), Pokemon) {
         assert(@typeInfo(@TypeOf(self)).Pointer.child == Side);
         return self.get(1);
     }
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ pub const ActivePokemon = extern struct {
     }
 
     /// Returns the active Pokémon's current move slot located at the one-indexed `mslot`.
-    pub inline fn move(self: anytype, mslot: u8) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), MoveSlot) {
+    pub fn move(self: anytype, mslot: u8) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), MoveSlot) {
         assert(@typeInfo(@TypeOf(self)).Pointer.child == ActivePokemon);
         assert(mslot > 0 and mslot <= 4);
         assert(self.moves[mslot - 1].id != .None);
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ pub const Pokemon = extern struct {
     }
 
     /// Returns the Pokémon's original move slot located at the one-indexed `mslot`.
-    pub inline fn move(self: anytype, mslot: u8) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), MoveSlot) {
+    pub fn move(self: anytype, mslot: u8) PointerType(@TypeOf(self), MoveSlot) {
         assert(@typeInfo(@TypeOf(self)).Pointer.child == Pokemon);
         assert(mslot > 0 and mslot <= 4);
         assert(self.moves[mslot - 1].id != .None);
@@ -258,36 +258,36 @@ pub const Status = enum(u8) {
     const SLP = 0b111;
 
     /// Whether or not the status `num` is the same as `status`.
-    pub inline fn is(num: u8, status: Status) bool {
+    pub fn is(num: u8, status: Status) bool {
         if (status == .SLP) return Status.duration(num) > 0;
         return ((num >> @intCast(@intFromEnum(status))) & 1) != 0;
     }
 
     /// Initializes a non-sleep `status`. Use `slp` or `slf` to initialize a sleep status.
-    pub inline fn init(status: Status) u8 {
+    pub fn init(status: Status) u8 {
         assert(status != .SLP and status != .EXT);
         return @as(u8, 1) << @intCast(@intFromEnum(status));
     }
 
     /// Initializes a non self-inflicted sleep status with duration `dur`.
-    pub inline fn slp(dur: u3) u8 {
+    pub fn slp(dur: u3) u8 {
         assert(dur > 0);
         return @as(u8, dur);
     }
 
     /// Initializes a self-inflicted sleep status with duration `dur`.
-    pub inline fn slf(dur: u3) u8 {
+    pub fn slf(dur: u3) u8 {
         assert(dur > 0);
         return 0x80 | slp(dur);
     }
 
     /// Returns the duration of a sleep status.
-    pub inline fn duration(num: u8) u3 {
+    pub fn duration(num: u8) u3 {
         return @intCast(num & SLP);
     }
 
     /// Returns whether `num` reflects any status.
-    pub inline fn any(num: u8) bool {
+    pub fn any(num: u8) bool {
         return num > 0;
     }
 
@@ -316,12 +316,12 @@ test Status {
     try expect(Status.is(Status.slp(5), .SLP));
     try expect(!Status.is(Status.slp(5), .EXT));
     try expect(!Status.is(Status.slp(7), .PSN));
-    try expectEqual(@as(u3, 5), Status.duration(Status.slp(5)));
+    try expectEqual(5, Status.duration(Status.slp(5)));
     try expect(Status.is(Status.slf(2), .SLP));
     try expect(Status.is(Status.slf(2), .EXT));
     try expect(Status.is(Status.TOX, .PSN));
     try expect(Status.is(Status.TOX, .EXT));
-    try expectEqual(@as(u3, 1), Status.duration(Status.slp(1)));
+    try expectEqual(1, Status.duration(Status.slp(1)));
 }
 
 /// Bitfield representation of volatile statuses and associated data in Generation I.
@@ -405,13 +405,13 @@ test Volatiles {
     try expect(!volatiles.Transform);
     try expect(!volatiles.MultiHit);
 
-    try expectEqual(@as(u16, 235), volatiles.state);
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 42), volatiles.substitute);
-    try expectEqual(@as(u4, 2), volatiles.disable_move);
-    try expectEqual(@as(u4, 4), volatiles.disable_duration);
-    try expectEqual(@as(u4, 2), volatiles.confusion);
-    try expectEqual(@as(u5, 4), volatiles.toxic);
-    try expectEqual(@as(u4, 3), volatiles.attacks);
+    try expectEqual(235, volatiles.state);
+    try expectEqual(42, volatiles.substitute);
+    try expectEqual(2, volatiles.disable_move);
+    try expectEqual(4, volatiles.disable_duration);
+    try expectEqual(2, volatiles.confusion);
+    try expectEqual(4, volatiles.toxic);
+    try expectEqual(3, volatiles.attacks);
 }
 
 /// Representaiton of a Pokémon's stats in Generation I.
@@ -442,9 +442,9 @@ test Stats {
     try expectEqual(0, stats.def);
 
     var base = Species.get(.Gyarados).stats;
-    try expectEqual(@as(u16, 127), Stats(u16).calc("hp", base.hp, 0, 5120, 38));
+    try expectEqual(127, Stats(u16).calc("hp", base.hp, 0, 5120, 38));
     base = Species.get(.Pidgeot).stats;
-    try expectEqual(@as(u16, 279), Stats(u16).calc("spe", base.spe, 15, 63001, 100));
+    try expectEqual(279, Stats(u16).calc("spe", base.spe, 15, 63001, 100));
 }
 
 /// Representation of a Pokémon's boosts in Generation I.
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ pub const Species = species.Species;
 
 test Species {
     try expectEqual(2, @intFromEnum(Species.Ivysaur));
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 100), Species.get(.Mew).stats.def);
+    try expectEqual(100, Species.get(.Mew).stats.def);
 }
 
 /// Representation of a Generation I type in Pokémon.
@@ -576,8 +576,8 @@ test Types {
     try expectEqual(Effectiveness.Resisted, Type.effectiveness(.Fire, .Water));
     try expectEqual(Effectiveness.Neutral, Type.effectiveness(.Normal, .Grass));
 
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 3), Type.precedence(.Water, .Water));
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 26), Type.precedence(.Bug, .Ghost));
+    try expectEqual(3, Type.precedence(.Water, .Water));
+    try expectEqual(26, Type.precedence(.Bug, .Ghost));
     try expect(Type.precedence(.Poison, .Bug) > Type.precedence(.Poison, .Poison));
 
     const t: Types = .{ .type1 = .Rock, .type2 = .Ground };
@@ -617,18 +617,18 @@ pub const DVs = struct {
 
 test DVs {
     var dvs: DVs = .{ .spc = 15, .spe = 15 };
-    try expectEqual(@as(u4, 15), dvs.hp());
+    try expectEqual(15, dvs.hp());
     dvs = .{
         .atk = 5,
         .def = 15,
         .spe = 13,
         .spc = 13,
     };
-    try expectEqual(@as(u4, 15), dvs.hp());
+    try expectEqual(15, dvs.hp());
     dvs = .{
         .def = 3,
         .spe = 10,
         .spc = 11,
     };
-    try expectEqual(@as(u4, 13), dvs.hp());
+    try expectEqual(13, dvs.hp());
 }

package/src/lib/gen1/helpers.zig

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 const std = @import("std");
+const builtin = @import("builtin");
 
 const common = @import("../common/data.zig");
 const optional = @import("../common/optional.zig");
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@ const Status = data.Status;
 const Action = chance.Action;
 const Actions = chance.Actions;
 
+const endian = builtin.cpu.arch.endian();
+
 /// Configuration options controlling the domain of valid Pokémon that can be generated by the
 /// random generator helpers.
 pub const Options = struct {
@@ -43,6 +46,8 @@ pub const Options = struct {
     /// Whether to generate Pokémon with moves that contain bugs on Pokémon Showdown that are
     /// unimplementable in the engine.
     block: bool = showdown,
+    // FIXME: remove once durations work with -Dchance
+    durations: bool = false,
 };
 
 /// Helpers to simplify initialization of a Generation I battle.
@@ -86,18 +91,38 @@ pub const Battle = struct {
 };
 
 fn prng(rand: *PSRNG) data.PRNG {
-    // GLITCH: initial bytes in seed can only range from 0-252, not 0-255
-    const max: u8 = 253;
     return .{
         .src = .{
             .seed = if (showdown)
                 rand.newSeed()
-            else
-                .{
-                    rand.range(u8, 0, max), rand.range(u8, 0, max), rand.range(u8, 0, max),
-                    rand.range(u8, 0, max), rand.range(u8, 0, max), rand.range(u8, 0, max),
-                    rand.range(u8, 0, max), rand.range(u8, 0, max), rand.range(u8, 0, max),
-                },
+            else seed: {
+                // GLITCH: The initial RNG seed in Gen I link battles is heavily constrained
+                // https://www.smogon.com/forums/threads/rng-in-rby-link-battles.3746779
+                var seed = [_]u8{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+
+                // Bytes in seed can only range from 0-252, not 0-255
+                const max: u8 = 253;
+                // Instructions take multiples of 4 cycles to execute
+                var timer: u16 = 4 * rand.range(u16, 0, 16384);
+                var add: u8 = rand.range(u8, 0, 256);
+                var carry: u8 = 0;
+
+                var i: u8 = 0;
+                while (i < seed.len) {
+                    const div: u8 = @intCast(timer >> 8);
+                    add +%= div +% carry;
+                    if (add < max) {
+                        seed[i] = add;
+                        i += 1;
+                        timer +%= 472;
+                        carry = 1;
+                    } else {
+                        timer +%= 452;
+                        carry = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+                break :seed seed;
+            },
         },
     };
 }
@@ -210,6 +235,7 @@ pub const Pokemon = struct {
             var m: Move = .None;
             sample: while (true) {
                 m = @enumFromInt(rand.range(u8, 1, Move.size - 1 + 1));
+                if (opt.durations and durations(m)) continue :sample;
                 if (opt.block and blocked(m)) continue :sample;
                 for (0..i) |j| if (ms[j].id == m) continue :sample;
                 break;
@@ -247,6 +273,23 @@ fn blocked(m: Move) bool {
     };
 }
 
+fn durations(m: Move) bool {
+    // Any moves that have effects that result in duration tracking with -Dchance
+    return switch (Move.get(m).effect) {
+        .Confusion,
+        .Bide,
+        .Sleep,
+        .Rage,
+        .Binding,
+        .Thrashing,
+        .ConfusionChance,
+        .Disable,
+        .Metronome,
+        => true,
+        else => false,
+    };
+}
+
 /// Convenience helper to create a move-type choice for the provided move slot.
 pub fn move(slot: u4) Choice {
     return .{ .type = .Move, .data = slot };
@@ -266,8 +309,8 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
     const PLAYERS = [_]Optional(Player){ .P1, .P2 };
 
     /// Returns a slice with the correct range of values for speed ties given the `action` state.
-    pub inline fn speedTie(action: Action) []const Optional(Player) {
-        return if (@field(action, "speed_tie") == .None) &PLAYER_NONE else &PLAYERS;
+    pub fn speedTie(action: Action) []const Optional(Player) {
+        return if (action.speed_tie == .None) &PLAYER_NONE else &PLAYERS;
     }
 
     const BOOL_NONE = [_]Optional(bool){.None};
@@ -275,24 +318,24 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
 
     /// Returns a slice with the correct range of values for hits given the `action` state
     /// and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon was fully paralyzed).
-    pub inline fn hit(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const Optional(bool) {
+    pub fn hit(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const Optional(bool) {
         if (parent == .true) return &BOOL_NONE;
-        return if (@field(action, "hit") == .None) &BOOL_NONE else &BOOLS;
+        return if (action.hit == .None) &BOOL_NONE else &BOOLS;
     }
 
     /// Returns a slice with the correct range of values for critical hits given the `action` state
     /// and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon's move hit).
-    pub inline fn criticalHit(
+    pub fn criticalHit(
         action: Action,
         parent: Optional(bool),
     ) []const Optional(bool) {
         if (parent == .false) return &BOOL_NONE;
-        return if (@field(action, "critical_hit") == .None) &BOOL_NONE else &BOOLS;
+        return if (action.critical_hit == .None) &BOOL_NONE else &BOOLS;
     }
 
     /// Returns a slice with the correct range of values for secondary chances hits given the
     /// `action` state and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon's move hit).
-    pub inline fn secondaryChance(
+    pub fn secondaryChance(
         action: Action,
         parent: Optional(bool),
     ) []const Optional(bool) {
@@ -305,8 +348,8 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
 
     /// Returns the range bounding damage rolls given the `action` state and the state of
     /// the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon's move hit).
-    pub inline fn damage(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) Range {
-        return if (parent == .false or @field(action, "damage") == 0)
+    pub fn damage(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) Range {
+        return if (parent == .false or action.damage == 0)
             .{ .min = 0, .max = 1 }
         else
             .{ .min = 217, .max = 256 };
@@ -314,7 +357,7 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
 
     /// Returns the max damage roll which will produce the same damage as `roll`
     /// given the base damage in `summaries`.
-    pub inline fn coalesce(player: Player, roll: u8, summaries: *calc.Summaries, cap: bool) !u8 {
+    pub fn coalesce(player: Player, roll: u8, summaries: *calc.Summaries, cap: bool) !u8 {
         if (roll == 0) return roll;
 
         const dmg = summaries.get(player.foe()).damage;
@@ -326,15 +369,15 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
 
     /// Returns a slice with the correct range of values for confused given the `action` state
     /// and the state of the `parent` (the player's Pokémon's remaining confusion turns).
-    pub inline fn confused(action: Action, parent: u4) []const Optional(bool) {
-        return if (parent == 0 or @field(action, "confused") == .None) &BOOL_NONE else &BOOLS;
+    pub fn confused(action: Action, parent: u4) []const Optional(bool) {
+        return if (parent == 0 or action.confused == .None) &BOOL_NONE else &BOOLS;
     }
 
     /// Returns a slice with the correct range of values for paralysis given the `action` state
     /// and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon was confused).
-    pub inline fn paralyzed(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const Optional(bool) {
+    pub fn paralyzed(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const Optional(bool) {
         if (parent == .true) return &BOOL_NONE;
-        return if (@field(action, "paralyzed") == .None) &BOOL_NONE else &BOOLS;
+        return if (action.paralyzed == .None) &BOOL_NONE else &BOOLS;
     }
 
     const DURATION_NONE = [_]u1{0};
@@ -342,9 +385,9 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
 
     /// Returns a slice with a range of values for duration given the `action` state
     /// and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon's move hit).
-    pub inline fn duration(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const u1 {
+    pub fn duration(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const u1 {
         if (parent == .false) return &DURATION_NONE;
-        return if (@field(action, "duration") == 0) &DURATION_NONE else &DURATION;
+        return if (action.duration == 0) &DURATION_NONE else &DURATION;
     }
 
     const U3_NONE = [_]u3{0};
@@ -352,8 +395,8 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
 
     /// Returns a slice with a range of values for sleep given the `action` and `origin` states.
     pub inline fn sleep(action: Action, origin: Action) []const u3 {
-        const a = @field(action.durations, "sleep");
-        const o = @field(origin.durations, "sleep");
+        const a = action.durations.sleep;
+        const o = origin.durations.sleep;
         if (o == a) return if (o == 0) &U3_NONE else &[_]u3{o};
         assert(a == 0 or a == o + 1);
         return if (o >= 7) &U3_NONE else &[_]u3{ 0, o + 1 };
@@ -365,8 +408,8 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
     /// and the state of the `parent` (the player's Pokémon's remaining sleep turns).
     pub inline fn disable(action: Action, origin: Action, parent: u4) []const u4 {
         if (parent > 0) return &DISABLE_NONE;
-        const a = @field(action.durations, "disable");
-        const o = @field(origin.durations, "disable");
+        const a = action.durations.disable;
+        const o = origin.durations.disable;
         if (o == a) return if (o == 0) &DISABLE_NONE else &[_]u4{o};
         assert(a == 0 or a == o + 1);
         return if (o >= 8) &DISABLE_NONE else &[_]u4{ 0, o + 1 };
@@ -376,8 +419,8 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
     /// and the state of the `parent` (the player's remaining sleep turns).
     pub inline fn confusion(action: Action, origin: Action, parent: u4) []const u3 {
         if (parent > 0) return &U3_NONE;
-        const a = @field(action.durations, "confusion");
-        const o = @field(origin.durations, "confusion");
+        const a = action.durations.confusion;
+        const o = origin.durations.confusion;
         if (o == a) return if (o == 0) &U3_NONE else &[_]u3{o};
         assert(a == 0 or a == o + 1);
         return if (o >= 5) &U3_NONE else if (o < 2)
@@ -390,8 +433,8 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
     /// and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon was fully paralyzed).
     pub inline fn attacking(action: Action, origin: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const u3 {
         if (parent == .true) return &U3_NONE;
-        const a = @field(action.durations, "attacking");
-        const o = @field(origin.durations, "attacking");
+        const a = action.durations.attacking;
+        const o = origin.durations.attacking;
         if (o == a) return if (o == 0) &U3_NONE else &[_]u3{o};
         assert(a == 0 or a == o + 1);
         return if (o >= 3) &U3_NONE else if (o < 2)
@@ -404,8 +447,8 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
     /// and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon was fully paralyzed).
     pub inline fn binding(action: Action, origin: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const u3 {
         if (parent == .true) return &U3_NONE;
-        const a = @field(action.durations, "binding");
-        const o = @field(origin.durations, "binding");
+        const a = action.durations.binding;
+        const o = origin.durations.binding;
         if (o == a) return if (o == 0) &U3_NONE else &[_]u3{o};
         assert(a == 0 or a == o + 1);
         return if (o >= 4) &U3_NONE else &[_]u3{ 0, o + 1 };
@@ -418,9 +461,9 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
     /// and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon's move hit).
     ///
     /// These slots may or **may not be valid** as slots may be unset / have 0 PP.
-    pub inline fn moveSlot(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const u4 {
+    pub fn moveSlot(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const u4 {
         if (parent == .false) return &SLOT_NONE;
-        return if (@field(action, "move_slot") == 0) &SLOT_NONE else &SLOT;
+        return if (action.move_slot == 0) &SLOT_NONE else &SLOT;
     }
 
     const MULTI_NONE = [_]u4{0};
@@ -428,9 +471,9 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
 
     /// Returns a slice with the correct range of values for multi hit given the `action` state
     /// and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon's move hit).
-    pub inline fn multiHit(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const u4 {
+    pub fn multiHit(action: Action, parent: Optional(bool)) []const u4 {
         if (parent == .false) return &MULTI_NONE;
-        return if (@field(action, "multi_hit") == 0) &MULTI_NONE else &MULTI;
+        return if (action.multi_hit == 0) &MULTI_NONE else &MULTI;
     }
 
     const PSYWAVE_NONE = [_]u8{0};
@@ -442,13 +485,13 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
 
     /// Returns a slice with the correct range of values for psywave given the `action` state,
     /// the `side`, and the state of the `parent` (whether the player's Pokémon's move hit).
-    pub inline fn psywave(
+    pub fn psywave(
         action: Action,
         side: *data.Side,
         parent: Optional(bool),
     ) []const u8 {
         if (parent == .false) return &PSYWAVE_NONE;
-        return if (@field(action, "psywave") == 0)
+        return if (action.psywave == 0)
             &PSYWAVE_NONE
         else
             PSYWAVE[0 .. @as(u16, side.stored().level) * 3 / 2];
@@ -457,8 +500,8 @@ pub const Rolls = struct {
     const MOVE_NONE = [_]Move{.None};
 
     /// Returns a slice with the correct range of values for metronome given the `action` state.
-    pub inline fn metronome(action: Action) []const Move {
-        return if (@field(action, "metronome") == .None) &MOVE_NONE else &Move.METRONOME;
+    pub fn metronome(action: Action) []const Move {
+        return if (action.metronome == .None) &MOVE_NONE else &Move.METRONOME;
     }
 };
 
@@ -478,12 +521,12 @@ test "Rolls.damage" {
 test "Rolls.coalesce" {
     var summaries =
         calc.Summaries{ .p1 = .{ .damage = .{ .base = 74, .final = 69, .capped = true } } };
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 0), try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 0, &summaries, false));
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 241), try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 238, &summaries, false));
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 255), try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 238, &summaries, true));
+    try expectEqual(0, try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 0, &summaries, false));
+    try expectEqual(241, try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 238, &summaries, false));
+    try expectEqual(255, try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 238, &summaries, true));
     summaries.p1.damage.final = 74;
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 217), try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 217, &summaries, false));
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 255), try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 217, &summaries, true));
+    try expectEqual(217, try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 217, &summaries, false));
+    try expectEqual(255, try Rolls.coalesce(.P2, 217, &summaries, true));
 }
 
 test "Rolls.hit" {
@@ -771,9 +814,53 @@ test "Rolls.psywave" {
 
     try expectEqualSlices(u8, &.{0}, Rolls.psywave(actions.p1, &side, .None));
     var rolls = Rolls.psywave(actions.p2, &side, .None);
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 150), rolls[rolls.len - 1]);
+    try expectEqual(150, rolls[rolls.len - 1]);
     side.stored().level = 81;
     rolls = Rolls.psywave(actions.p2, &side, .None);
-    try expectEqual(@as(u8, 121), rolls[rolls.len - 1]);
+    try expectEqual(121, rolls[rolls.len - 1]);
     try expectEqualSlices(u8, &.{0}, Rolls.psywave(actions.p2, &side, .false));
 }
+
+/// Empirically determined maximum number of bytes possibly required to store the diff between two
+/// Generation I battles.
+pub const MAX_DIFFS: usize = 117;
+
+/// The optimal size in bytes required to hold the diff between two Generation I battles.
+/// At least as large as MAX_DIFFS.
+pub const DIFFS_SIZE = if (builtin.mode == .ReleaseSmall)
+    MAX_DIFFS
+else
+    std.math.ceilPowerOfTwo(usize, MAX_DIFFS) catch unreachable;
+
+/// TODO
+pub fn diff(
+    a: *const data.Battle(data.PRNG),
+    b: *const data.Battle(data.PRNG),
+    w: protocol.ByteStream.Writer,
+) !usize {
+    const pos = w.stream.pos;
+    const size = @sizeOf(data.Battle(data.PRNG)) - @sizeOf(data.PRNG);
+    assert(size % 2 == 0);
+    assert(size / 2 < 255);
+
+    var i: usize = 0;
+    while (i < size) : (i += 2) {
+        const val = std.mem.bytesAsValue(u16, std.mem.asBytes(a)[i .. i + 2]).*;
+        if (val != std.mem.bytesAsValue(u16, std.mem.asBytes(b)[i .. i + 2]).*) {
+            try w.writeByte(@intCast(i / 2));
+            try w.writeInt(u16, val, endian);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return w.stream.pos - pos;
+}
+
+/// TODO
+pub fn patch(battle: *data.Battle(data.PRNG), buf: []u8) void {
+    var i: usize = 0;
+    while (i < buf.len) : (i += 3) {
+        const off = @as(u16, @intCast(buf[i])) * 2;
+        const val = std.mem.readInt(u16, @ptrCast(buf[i + 1 .. i + 3]), endian);
+        std.mem.writeInt(u16, @ptrCast(std.mem.asBytes(battle)[off .. off + 2]), val, endian);
+    }
+}