@pipeworx/mcp-earthscope-fdsn 0.1.0

package/src/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,1035 @@
+interface McpToolDefinition {
+  name: string;
+  description: string;
+  /** Human-facing one-liner (fleet #1967). Optional; consumers fall back to
+   *  description. Kept in step with shared/src/types.ts — scripts/lib/
+   *  check-inlined-types.mjs reports drift at publish time. */
+  summary?: string;
+  inputSchema: {
+    type: 'object';
+    properties: Record<string, unknown>;
+    required?: string[];
+    anyOf?: Array<{ required: string[] }>;
+    oneOf?: Array<{ required: string[] }>;
+    allOf?: Array<{ required: string[] }>;
+  };
+  outputSchema?: Record<string, unknown>;
+}
+
+interface McpToolExport {
+  tools: McpToolDefinition[];
+  callTool: (name: string, args: Record<string, unknown>) => Promise<unknown>;
+  meter?: { credits: number };
+  cost?: Record<string, unknown>;
+  provider?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Was this failure OUR OWN web service? — the other half of `internal-db-class.ts`.
+ *
+ * fleet #1089 pulled failures from our own Postgres out of `upstream_down` by
+ * keying on the SQLSTATE inside PostgREST's four-key error envelope. That
+ * covered the majority and structurally could not cover the rest: the rest
+ * never reach Postgres, so they carry no SQLSTATE. What was left, measured over
+ * the 24h to 2026-09-02T15:00Z (fleet #1096):
+ *
+ *     5  pipeworx-catalog  get_pack_tools     Pipeworx catalog error: 522 — error code: 522
+ *     3  fleet             fleet_list_open …  upstream_down: Fleet task queue did not respond within 25s
+ *
+ * 521/522/523/526 are Cloudflare saying its edge could not reach an ORIGIN, and
+ * in both of those rows the origin is ours — `gateway.pipeworx.io` for the
+ * catalog pack (it self-fetches when the gateway hasn't injected a manifest),
+ * our own Supabase for fleet. There is no third party anywhere in either call.
+ * Same defect as #1089: our own outage filed under `upstream_down`, the one
+ * class that means "the source is unreachable and there is nothing for us to
+ * fix", which is why the problem-tools triage skips it.
+ *
+ * WHY NOT A WORDING RULE. The obvious fix is to match `fleet db error:` and
+ * `Pipeworx catalog error:` in classifyToolError. Each is emitted from exactly
+ * one site today, so it would work today. It would also rot the first time
+ * somebody rewords a label — silently, and in the direction of hiding our own
+ * outage, which is worse than the bug being fixed. Every prose rule in
+ * error-class.ts has needed widening as packs invented new wording (#409/#450/
+ * #584); that history is most of that file's comment budget.
+ *
+ * WHAT THIS KEYS ON INSTEAD: **the host the call actually reached.** A URL's
+ * hostname is a fact about the call, not a guess about its prose. Two
+ * consequences that a pack-level flag could not give us, and the reason the
+ * flag was rejected:
+ *
+ *   - It describes the CALL, not the pack. `govcon-intel` fans out to our own
+ *     Supabase AND to genuine third parties; `court-listener` holds our cache
+ *     in Supabase and fetches courtlistener.com. An `internallyHosted: true` on
+ *     either pack would relabel a real third-party outage as ours — inventing
+ *     work, which is the same class of error in the opposite direction.
+ *   - It covers every future internal pack for free, instead of one declared
+ *     slug at a time.
+ *
+ * WHY IT SURVIVES A REWORD. The marker below is not matched as a literal by two
+ * separate files. `markInternalOrigin()` writes it and `internalHostMetricsClass()`
+ * reads it, both from the single exported `INTERNAL_ORIGIN_MARKER` constant in
+ * this module — so changing the wording changes both sides in the same edit and
+ * cannot desynchronise them. The pack's own label (`fleet db error:`,
+ * `Pipeworx catalog error:`) is not read at all: reword it freely, the class is
+ * unaffected. That is the property `stripClassPrefix` lacked when it drifted
+ * from its own classifier three times and needed a CI gate to hold them
+ * together.
+ *
+ * WHERE THE 5xx TEST LIVES. `markInternalOrigin` is called from the places that
+ * hold the real `Response` — `httpError`/`httpErrorMessage` and the timeout
+ * branch of `fetchWithTimeout` in `shared/src/http.ts` — so "is this an
+ * availability failure" is decided from the actual status code, never re-derived
+ * by scraping a number out of a sentence. A 404 from our own registry for a slug
+ * that does not exist is a caller's bad argument and is deliberately NOT marked.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * OUR OWN web service was unreachable — not an upstream, and never `upstream_down`.
+ *
+ * ONE value, not three, unlike `internal_db_*`. That split existed because a
+ * slow query, an exhausted pool and an unknown SQLSTATE have different owners
+ * and different fixes. Here there is only one story to tell — an origin we run
+ * did not answer the edge — and one owner. A bucket with no distinct owner per
+ * value is decoration; #724 is what happens when a class holds several
+ * situations, and inventing sub-values ahead of a reason to act on them
+ * differently is the same mistake with the sign flipped.
+ *
+ * METRICS ONLY, exactly like PLATFORM_KEY_ERROR_CLASS and the internal_db
+ * values. `classifyToolError` still answers `upstream_down` for the retry and
+ * hint paths, which only care whether retrying or a sibling tool might work —
+ * and it might. Nothing a caller sees or is charged changes here.
+ *
+ * READ SIDE: this value is in BROKEN_TOOL_CLASSES, FAULT_CLASSES and
+ * ALL_ERROR_CLASSES in `workers/registry-api/src/index.ts`. All three, or it
+ * lands on no dashboard — fleet #721 is the warning, where the #719 split
+ * worked on the write side and was invisible for weeks.
+ */
+const INTERNAL_SERVICE_UNREACHABLE_CLASS = 'internal_service_unreachable';
+
+/**
+ * The token that carries "this origin is ours" from the call site to the
+ * classifier.
+ *
+ * Appended to the error message rather than attached to the Error object,
+ * because the object does not survive the trip: 275 packs return `{ error:
+ * string }` instead of throwing, the gateway reads `observedError` as a string,
+ * and the fleet pack rebuilds its error from a captured status + body across a
+ * retry loop. A property on an Error would be dropped by every one of those
+ * paths and the class would work in tests and vanish in production.
+ *
+ * WORDING IS LOAD-BEARING, same rule as labelAge's note in authority.ts. This
+ * string is appended to a pack's thrown Error message (shared/src/http.ts),
+ * and a thrown Error's message is exactly what the gateway hands back to the
+ * caller as `content[0].text` when nothing rewrites it (workers/gateway/src
+ * catches the throw and sets `rawResult.message = stripClassPrefix(error)`,
+ * which does not touch this suffix) — so the original wording,
+ * " [pipeworx-hosted origin — our own service, not a third party]", was not a
+ * theoretical leak: it shipped live on pipeworx-catalog's 522s, 7 times in 6
+ * hours on 2026-09-02 (see tests/golden-internal-service.test.ts), verbatim
+ * naming Pipeworx as the host. check:hosting-claims never caught it because it
+ * did not scan shared/ at all (task #2009). Reworded to describe the
+ * OBSERVATION (the origin did not answer) without a claim about who runs it —
+ * the identical fix labelAge got: drop the possessive, keep the fact.
+ */
+const INTERNAL_ORIGIN_MARKER = ' [origin did not respond — retry before concluding the named source is down]';
+
+/**
+ * Supabase's data plane for a project is `<ref>.supabase.co`, where the ref is
+ * exactly twenty lowercase letters (ours is `pqauisounztsgdgfkhke`).
+ *
+ * Matching the shape rather than listing the ref keeps this correct when we add
+ * a project — `supabaseEnv` on a pack entry already points some packs at a
+ * second one — while still excluding `status.supabase.co`, which is Supabase's
+ * own status page and emphatically not our database. Verified 2026-09-02 by
+ * `grep -rhoE '[a-z0-9-]+\.supabase\.(co|in)' mcps shared workers scripts`: the
+ * only real project ref anywhere in the tree is ours, the rest are doc
+ * placeholders (`abc`, `xyz`, `example`) which this pattern also excludes. Same
+ * finding internal-db-class.ts relies on for the PostgREST envelope being ours
+ * by construction.
+ */
+const SUPABASE_PROJECT_HOST = /^[a-z]{20}\.supabase\.(co|in)$/;
+
+/**
+ * Is this a host WE run?
+ *
+ * Deliberately NOT including `*.workers.dev`: plenty of third-party APIs are
+ * hosted on workers.dev, so the suffix says where something runs and not who
+ * owns it. Every internal call we actually make goes to a `pipeworx.io`
+ * hostname or to our Supabase project, both of which are ownership facts.
+ *
+ * `workers/gateway/src/provenance.ts`'s `OUR_HOSTS` answers the same
+ * question and DOES include `workers.dev` — a documented divergence
+ * (task #2051), not a bug to converge. That list decides what a response may
+ * cite as a data SOURCE, where a false negative (citing our own worker as an
+ * external source) is the hosting-disclosure leak this whole file exists to
+ * prevent, so it errs broad. This one decides who gets BLAMED for a 5xx in
+ * outage metrics read by on-call, where a false positive (crediting our own
+ * infra with a third party's outage) hides the real failure, so it errs
+ * narrow. Same suffix, opposite direction, because they are never called for
+ * the same reason.
+ *
+ * Returns false on anything unparseable rather than throwing — this runs inside
+ * an error path, and an error path that can itself throw turns a diagnosable
+ * failure into a mystery.
+ */
+function isPipeworxOrigin(url: string | URL | undefined | null): boolean {
+  if (!url) return false;
+  let host: string;
+  try {
+    host = new URL(url instanceof URL ? url.href : url).hostname.toLowerCase();
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (host === 'pipeworx.io' || host.endsWith('.pipeworx.io')) return true;
+  return SUPABASE_PROJECT_HOST.test(host);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Append the marker when this failure was OUR origin failing to answer.
+ *
+ * `status` is the HTTP status when there is one, and omitted for a timeout —
+ * where there is no response at all, and "the origin did not answer" is the
+ * whole observation. Statuses below 500 are left alone: a 404 from our own
+ * registry for a slug that does not exist is the caller's argument, not our
+ * outage, and marking it would put ordinary 404s on the incident dashboard.
+ *
+ * Idempotent, so a message that is wrapped and re-marked on the way up (the
+ * fleet pack's retry loop re-throws through two layers) carries the marker once.
+ */
+function markInternalOrigin(
+  message: string,
+  url: string | URL | undefined | null,
+  status?: number,
+): string {
+  if (status !== undefined && status < 500) return message;
+  if (!isPipeworxOrigin(url)) return message;
+  if (message.includes(INTERNAL_ORIGIN_MARKER)) return message;
+  return message + INTERNAL_ORIGIN_MARKER;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Which blob4 value a failure from our own web services books as, or undefined
+ * if this is not one.
+ *
+ * Ordered AFTER `internalDbMetricsClass` at the call site: a PostgREST envelope
+ * from our own Supabase is a strictly more specific statement about the same
+ * row (which of our services, and why), and the two cannot disagree about
+ * whether the failure is ours.
+ */
+function internalHostMetricsClass(error: string): string | undefined {
+  return error.includes(INTERNAL_ORIGIN_MARKER) ? INTERNAL_SERVICE_UNREACHABLE_CLASS : undefined;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * One place to turn a failed `fetch` into an error a caller can act on.
+ *
+ * Nearly every pack was written the same way:
+ *
+ *     if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Unsplash: ${res.status}`);
+ *
+ * which discards the response body — and the body is usually where the upstream
+ * says what was actually wrong ("**symbol** not found: GBP", "parameter `year`
+ * out of range", "unknown taxonomy id"). The caller gets a number, cannot
+ * self-correct, and retries the same broken call. A 2026-07-31 sweep found this
+ * shape in 481 of 1,400 packs, 47 of them PLATFORM-keyed.
+ *
+ * It also hides bugs one level down. Two of the first three packs audited had a
+ * second defect that only existed because of this line: unsplash's rate-limit
+ * branch sat BELOW a catch-all and was unreachable, and bea-gov parsed
+ * `BEAAPI.Error.APIErrorDescription` below a `!res.ok` throw that made the
+ * parsing dead code for every non-200.
+ *
+ * DELIBERATELY NOT A CLASSIFIER. It does not add `user_error:` /
+ * `upstream_down:` prefixes. Those decide which tier a failure lands in, and the
+ * `error` tier is what the daily problem-tools list is built from — it means
+ * "Pipeworx has a defect". A 400 is genuinely ambiguous: often a caller's bad
+ * argument, but sometimes a query WE built wrong (ted-eu comma-joined its CPV
+ * values into something TED rejected, and that bug was found only because it sat
+ * in `error`). Blanket-classifying 400s as caller mistakes would have hidden it.
+ * A pack that KNOWS which it is should keep saying so explicitly; this helper is
+ * for the 481 that say nothing at all.
+ */
+
+/** Longest upstream explanation we'll pass through. Enough for a real message,
+ *  short enough that an HTML page or a stack trace can't swamp the error. */
+
+const MAX_DETAIL = 300;
+
+/**
+ * Default bound for `fetchWithTimeout` when a pack doesn't state its own.
+ *
+ * 25s mirrors the number `epo-ops` landed on after measuring the real failure:
+ * a degraded upstream that doesn't error, it just never answers, and a Worker
+ * sits in `await fetch()` until ITS OWN execution budget kills the request —
+ * which can take minutes, not seconds (epo_ops_search_patents measured 4-8
+ * MINUTE hangs before this existed). 25s is short enough that a caller gets a
+ * fast, actionable error instead of holding the connection, and long enough
+ * that it doesn't false-trip on a merely-slow-but-alive upstream.
+ */
+const DEFAULT_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS = 25_000;
+
+/**
+ * Read the body of a failed response and fold it into a throwable Error.
+ *
+ * Usage — note the `await`, which is the one thing that makes this a mechanical
+ * change rather than a drop-in:
+ *
+ *     if (!res.ok) throw await httpError(res, 'Unsplash');
+ *
+ * Safe to call on any non-ok response: a body that is missing, empty, unreadable
+ * or HTML degrades to exactly the old `Name: 404` string rather than throwing
+ * something new from inside the error path.
+ */
+async function httpError(res: Response, name: string): Promise<Error> {
+  return new Error(await httpErrorMessage(res, name));
+}
+
+/** The message text without constructing an Error — for packs that need to wrap
+ *  it in their own envelope or add an explicit classification prefix. */
+async function httpErrorMessage(res: Response, name: string): Promise<string> {
+  // The one place a 5xx from a host WE run gets stamped as ours. `res.url` is
+  // the URL the fetch actually resolved to (after redirects), so this is a fact
+  // about the call rather than a guess from the `name` the pack passed in —
+  // reword that label freely, the class does not move. See
+  // internal-host-class.ts; no-op for every third-party upstream, which is why
+  // this touches 481 packs' error text and changes none of it.
+  return markInternalOrigin(
+    `${name}: ${res.status}${detailSuffix(await readDetail(res))}`,
+    res.url,
+    res.status,
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Just the upstream's own explanation — no name, no status.
+ *
+ * For a pack that has already said both in its own sentence. epo-ops reads
+ * `EPO rejected this search as too large (HTTP 413) — ${httpErrorMessage(…)}`,
+ * which rendered as `… (HTTP 413) — EPO: 413.` once the XML detail was being
+ * dropped: the upstream named twice, the status twice, and the one thing EPO
+ * actually said ("Not enough characters before truncation character") nowhere
+ * (fleet #712). Returns '' when the body carries nothing readable, so a caller
+ * can fall back to its own wording.
+ */
+async function upstreamDetail(res: Response): Promise<string> {
+  return readDetail(res);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Read a SUCCESSFUL response as JSON, failing loudly when it isn't JSON.
+ *
+ * `httpError` above only ever runs on `!res.ok`, which leaves the nastier half
+ * of the problem unhandled: an upstream that answers **HTTP 200 with an HTML
+ * page**. A bot wall, a login redirect, a maintenance interstitial and a CDN
+ * error page are all 200s, so `res.ok` is true, and `res.json()` then throws
+ * `Unexpected token '<', "<!DOCTYPE "... is not valid JSON`.
+ *
+ * That string is the problem. It names no upstream, carries no status, and
+ * reads like a parser bug in Pipeworx — so it lands in the `error` tier, which
+ * means "we have a defect", and the caller is told nothing they can act on.
+ * data.govt.nz sat dead behind an Imperva challenge this way and every
+ * status-code health check we own reported it green (7889a845). A zero-length
+ * body has the same shape: `Unexpected end of JSON input`, seen this week on
+ * uk-gazette (83% of external calls) and census.
+ *
+ * UNLIKE `httpError`, this one DOES classify, and the asymmetry is deliberate.
+ * A 400 is genuinely ambiguous — often the caller's bad argument, sometimes a
+ * query we built wrong — so blanket-classifying it would hide our own bugs.
+ * There is no such ambiguity here: **no argument a caller can pass makes a JSON
+ * API return an HTML page.** It is always the upstream, so `upstream_down:` is
+ * a statement of fact rather than a guess, and it keeps these out of the
+ * problem-tools list where they crowd out real defects.
+ *
+ *     const data = await parseJson<Feed>(res, 'UK Gazette');
+ *
+ * Call it only after the `!res.ok` check — on a failed response you want
+ * `httpError`, which mines the body for the upstream's own explanation.
+ */
+async function parseJson<T>(res: Response, name: string): Promise<T> {
+  let raw: string;
+  try {
+    raw = await res.text();
+  } catch {
+    throw new Error(
+      `upstream_down: ${name} returned a body that could not be read (HTTP ${res.status}). ` +
+        'The connection most likely dropped mid-response; retrying is reasonable.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  const type = res.headers.get('content-type') ?? 'no content-type';
+
+  if (!raw.trim()) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `upstream_down: ${name} answered HTTP ${res.status} with an EMPTY body where JSON was expected (${type}). ` +
+        'Nothing about the request can cause this — it is an upstream fault, and the same call may well work on retry.',
+    );
+  }
+
+  // Checked before parsing rather than in the catch, because knowing it is
+  // markup is what turns "we failed to parse something" into "they served a
+  // web page" — the second is diagnosable, the first is not.
+  const head = raw.slice(0, 200).trimStart().toLowerCase();
+  if (head.startsWith('<!doctype') || head.startsWith('<html') || head.startsWith('<?xml')) {
+    const kind = head.startsWith('<?xml') ? 'an XML document' : 'an HTML page';
+    // The summary, not the source. Pasting the first 120 characters of a web
+    // page handed the agent `<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"…` — the same leak
+    // this branch exists to describe (fleet #712).
+    throw new Error(
+      `upstream_down: ${name} answered HTTP ${res.status} with ${kind} instead of JSON (${type}). ` +
+        'That is typically a bot wall, a login redirect or a maintenance page — it is returned as a SUCCESS, ' +
+        `so status-code health checks read it as fine. No argument change will get past it. ` +
+        `The page says: ${summarizeErrorBody(raw) || 'nothing readable'}`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  try {
+    return JSON.parse(raw) as T;
+  } catch {
+    throw new Error(
+      `upstream_down: ${name} answered HTTP ${res.status} with a body that is not valid JSON (${type}). ` +
+        `It begins: ${stripMarkup(raw).slice(0, 120) || '(unreadable)'}`,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * `fetch`, but bounded — the fix for a systemic gap found 2026-08-30: a grep
+ * audit of every pack's `mcps/*\/src/index.ts` found 1,339 of ~1,500 call
+ * `fetch()` with NO timeout guard anywhere in the file. Two of those
+ * (epo-ops, statcan) were confirmed live-hanging for 4-8 minutes before this
+ * existed — every unguarded call carries the same risk, just unconfirmed.
+ *
+ * Mirrors the `epoFetch` wrapper `mcps/epo-ops/src/index.ts` shipped first:
+ * bound the request with `AbortSignal.timeout`, and on a timeout/abort throw
+ * an `upstream_down:` error that names the upstream and the bound rather than
+ * letting the raw `TimeoutError`/`AbortError` (which names neither) propagate.
+ * `upstream_down:` is deliberate, same reasoning as `parseJson` above — no
+ * argument a caller passes can make an upstream hang, so it is always the
+ * upstream's fault, and marking it that way keeps a slow API off the
+ * problem-tools list where it would crowd out our own defects.
+ *
+ * Usage — a mechanical swap for a bare `fetch(url, init)`:
+ *
+ *     const res = await fetchWithTimeout(url, init, 'Some API');
+ *
+ * Pass `timeoutMs` as a fourth argument to override the default for a pack
+ * with a known-slower upstream; the label should be the same short name you'd
+ * pass to `httpError`/`httpErrorMessage` for that call.
+ */
+async function fetchWithTimeout(
+  url: string | URL,
+  init: RequestInit = {},
+  name: string,
+  timeoutMs: number = DEFAULT_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
+): Promise<Response> {
+  try {
+    return await fetch(url, { ...init, signal: AbortSignal.timeout(timeoutMs) });
+  } catch (err) {
+    if (err instanceof Error && (err.name === 'TimeoutError' || err.name === 'AbortError')) {
+      // States the OBSERVATION (no response in N seconds), not a diagnosis.
+      // "appears to be degraded" is an inference about the vendor that we have
+      // not checked, and it is wrong in a way that misdirects whoever reads it:
+      // a timeout from a Worker can equally mean OUR egress is blocked.
+      //
+      // Measured today (2026-09-01, fleet #1047): every call to
+      // mainnet.base.org failed from the x402 facilitator while the identical
+      // request from a laptop returned 200. Base was entirely healthy; the
+      // public RPC refuses Cloudflare Worker egress. Had this message fired
+      // there it would have blamed Base by name, and the next person would have
+      // waited for a vendor outage to clear that did not exist.
+      // A timeout has no status to test — there is no response at all — so
+      // `markInternalOrigin` is called without one: an origin we run that never
+      // answered is an availability failure by definition. This is the half of
+      // fleet #1096 with neither a SQLSTATE nor a status code to key on.
+      throw new Error(
+        markInternalOrigin(
+          `upstream_down: ${name} did not respond within ${timeoutMs / 1000}s. ` +
+            `That can be ${name} being slow or down, or this environment being unable to reach it ` +
+            `(some hosts refuse datacenter/Worker egress) — retry shortly, and check reachability ` +
+            `from elsewhere before concluding ${name} is down.`,
+          url,
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+    throw err;
+  }
+}
+
+function detailSuffix(detail: string): string {
+  return detail ? ` — ${detail}` : '';
+}
+
+async function readDetail(res: Response): Promise<string> {
+  let raw: string;
+  try {
+    raw = await res.text();
+  } catch {
+    // Body already consumed, or the connection died mid-read. The status alone
+    // is still worth throwing — never let the error path throw its own error.
+    return '';
+  }
+  return summarizeErrorBody(raw);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Turn ANY error body — JSON, HTML, XML or plain text — into one short phrase
+ * that never contains markup.
+ *
+ * This used to just drop an HTML or XML body on the floor, on the reasoning
+ * that markup crowds out the status. That was half right. Dropping it loses the
+ * one sentence a caller could have acted on: an `Access Denied` title, an SDMX
+ * `<message:Error>` text, an OPS fault string. A 2026-08-30 support sweep
+ * measured 13 of 291 caller-facing error rows carrying a raw page or document
+ * verbatim, across 11 packs, and in every one of them the useful content —
+ * "Access Denied", "Invalid country code", "SCRAPE_TIMEOUT" — was in there,
+ * buried in markup the agent had to parse out of a string (fleet #712).
+ *
+ * So: extract the meaning, discard the markup. The output is passed through
+ * `stripMarkup` unconditionally, which is what lets `check:error-body-leak`
+ * assert mechanically that no caller-facing message can contain `<?xml`,
+ * `<!DOCTYPE` or `<html`.
+ */
+function summarizeErrorBody(raw: string): string {
+  if (!raw || !raw.trim()) return '';
+
+  const head = raw.slice(0, 400).trimStart().toLowerCase();
+
+  // An HTML error page (Cloudflare interstitial, nginx default, a login
+  // redirect) says what it is in its <title>, and almost nowhere else.
+  if (head.startsWith('<!doctype') || head.startsWith('<html')) {
+    const title = htmlTitle(raw);
+    return title
+      ? `${title} (upstream returned an HTML error page, not an API response)`
+      : 'upstream returned an HTML error page, not an API response';
+  }
+
+  // XML fault documents — EPO OPS, SDMX (`<message:Error>`), SOAP faults. The
+  // human sentence sits in a child element whose tag name says what it is.
+  if (head.startsWith('<?xml') || head.startsWith('<')) {
+    const fault = xmlFaultText(raw);
+    return fault
+      ? `${stripMarkup(fault).slice(0, MAX_DETAIL)} (from the upstream's XML error document)`
+      : 'upstream returned an XML error document with no readable message';
+  }
+
+  // Most JSON error bodies bury one human sentence among ids and echoed request
+  // params. Prefer that sentence; fall back to the whole body when the shape is
+  // unfamiliar, since an unfamiliar shape is exactly when we can least afford to
+  // guess wrong and show nothing.
+  const fromJson = messageFromJson(raw);
+  return stripMarkup(fromJson ?? raw).slice(0, MAX_DETAIL);
+}
+
+/** The `<title>` of an HTML error page, or its first `<h1>` — the two places a
+ *  bot wall, a 502 and an "Access Denied" all state what happened. */
+function htmlTitle(raw: string): string | null {
+  const head = raw.slice(0, 4000);
+  for (const re of [/<title[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)<\/title>/i, /<h1[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)<\/h1>/i]) {
+    const m = re.exec(head);
+    const text = m ? stripMarkup(m[1]) : '';
+    if (text) return text.slice(0, 160);
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+/** Tag names that carry the explanation in an XML fault document, namespace
+ *  prefix optional (`<message:Error>`, `<com:Text>`, `<faultstring>`). */
+const XML_FAULT_TAG_RE =
+  /<(?:[A-Za-z0-9_.-]+:)?(?:text|message|description|faultstring|reason|detail|title|errormessage|error)\b[^>]*>([^<]{2,400})</i;
+
+function xmlFaultText(raw: string): string | null {
+  const head = raw.slice(0, 8000);
+  const tagged = XML_FAULT_TAG_RE.exec(head);
+  if (tagged && tagged[1].trim()) return tagged[1];
+
+  // Nothing conventionally named — take the longest text node instead. A fault
+  // document with one sentence in an oddly named element is still readable;
+  // returning nothing at all is not.
+  let best = '';
+  for (const m of head.matchAll(/>([^<>]{8,400})</g)) {
+    const text = m[1].trim();
+    if (text.length > best.length) best = text;
+  }
+  return best || null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove every tag and stray angle bracket, then collapse whitespace.
+ *
+ * Applied to everything on the way out, including the JSON and plain-text
+ * paths, because an upstream is free to embed markup in a JSON string field —
+ * and a leak is a leak regardless of which branch produced it.
+ */
+function stripMarkup(s: string): string {
+  return collapse(decodeEntities(s.replace(/<[^>]*>/g, ' ')).replace(/[<>]/g, ' '));
+}
+
+/** The handful of entities that show up in error-page titles. Decoded AFTER
+ *  tags are stripped and BEFORE the angle-bracket sweep, so `&lt;script&gt;`
+ *  in a title cannot decode into markup that survives — EMBL-EBI's ChEMBL 500
+ *  page renders as `500 Internal Server Error &lt; EMBL-EBI` otherwise. */
+function decodeEntities(s: string): string {
+  return s
+    .replace(/&(?:amp|#0*38);/gi, '&')
+    .replace(/&(?:lt|#0*60);/gi, '<')
+    .replace(/&(?:gt|#0*62);/gi, '>')
+    .replace(/&(?:quot|#0*34);/gi, '"')
+    .replace(/&(?:#0*39|apos|#x0*27);/gi, "'")
+    .replace(/&nbsp;/gi, ' ');
+}
+
+/** The conventional "what went wrong" field, under any of the names upstreams
+ *  actually use. Checked in order; first non-empty string wins. */
+const MESSAGE_KEYS = [
+  'message', 'error_message', 'errorMessage', 'detail', 'details',
+  'description', 'error_description', 'reason', 'title', 'fault',
+];
+
+function messageFromJson(raw: string): string | null {
+  let parsed: unknown;
+  try {
+    parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+  return pickMessage(parsed, 0);
+}
+
+function pickMessage(node: unknown, depth: number): string | null {
+  // Two levels covers `{error: {message}}` and `{errors: [{detail}]}`, the two
+  // shapes that account for nearly all of them, without walking a large payload.
+  if (depth > 2 || node == null) return null;
+
+  if (typeof node === 'string') return node.trim() || null;
+
+  if (Array.isArray(node)) {
+    for (const item of node) {
+      const found = pickMessage(item, depth + 1);
+      if (found) return found;
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  if (typeof node !== 'object') return null;
+  const obj = node as Record<string, unknown>;
+
+  for (const key of MESSAGE_KEYS) {
+    const v = obj[key];
+    if (typeof v === 'string' && v.trim()) return v.trim();
+  }
+  // `{error: …}` where error is itself an object or a string — the single most
+  // common wrapper, so it is worth descending into by name rather than scanning
+  // every key and risking picking up an echoed request parameter.
+  for (const key of ['error', 'errors', 'fault', 'Error', 'data']) {
+    if (key in obj) {
+      const found = pickMessage(obj[key], depth + 1);
+      if (found) return found;
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+/** Errors are read in a single line of log output; newlines and runs of
+ *  whitespace make a multi-line body unreadable there. */
+function collapse(s: string): string {
+  return s.replace(/\s+/g, ' ').trim();
+}
+/**
+ * FDSN seismic web services MCP — seismometer metadata, data holdings and
+ * regional earthquake catalogues, over the international FDSN standard.
+ *
+ * This is the INSTRUMENT side of seismology, not the earthquake catalogue:
+ * which seismic stations exist, where they are, what channels they record, who
+ * operates them, and which data centre holds the waveforms for a given time
+ * window. `usgs-earthquakes` and `emsc` already cover "what earthquakes
+ * happened"; `fdsn_events` here adds the REGIONAL agency catalogues (GFZ, INGV,
+ * RESIF, KOERI), which record local magnitude-1-to-3 seismicity that the global
+ * catalogues never list.
+ *
+ * APIs (all keyless):
+ * - https://service.earthscope.org/fdsnws/station/1/query     station metadata
+ * - https://service.earthscope.org/irisws/fedcatalog/1/query  federated holdings
+ * - https://geofon.gfz.de/fdsnws/event/1/query  (+ other FDSN nodes) events
+ *
+ * TRAPS, all verified 2026-09-17:
+ * - service.iris.edu 301-redirects to service.earthscope.org. Call the new host
+ *   directly; the old one still resolves and costs a redirect on every call.
+ * - EarthScope serves only `station` and `dataselect` under /fdsnws/. Their
+ *   `event` and `availability` services answer 404 (availability sits behind an
+ *   EarthScope login — it redirects to a trailing-slash path served by uvicorn
+ *   with `vary: Cookie`). `fdsn_availability` here therefore answers from
+ *   fedcatalog, which is keyless and reports the same holdings question across
+ *   every federated data centre rather than one.
+ * - `nodata=404` makes "no rows" indistinguishable from "endpoint retired":
+ *   both are a bare 404 with an empty body. These tools send nodata=204 so an
+ *   empty result is a 204 and a 404 genuinely means the route is gone.
+ */
+
+
+const UA = 'pipeworx-mcp-earthscope-fdsn/1.0 (+https://pipeworx.io)';
+const EARTHSCOPE = 'https://service.earthscope.org';
+
+async function pwFetch(url: string, upstream: string): Promise<Response> {
+  return fetchWithTimeout(url, { headers: { 'User-Agent': UA } }, upstream);
+}
+
+/**
+ * FDSN event nodes that serve an open, keyless event/1/query. Each publishes
+ * its OWN agency catalogue, which is the point: GFZ is global rapid moment
+ * tensors, INGV is Italian local seismicity down to M1, RESIF is metropolitan
+ * France, KOERI is Turkey and the eastern Mediterranean.
+ */
+const EVENT_NODES: Record<string, { url: string; name: string; scope: string }> = {
+  gfz: { url: 'https://geofon.gfz.de/fdsnws/event/1/query', name: 'GFZ GEOFON (Germany)', scope: 'Global rapid solutions, M4.5+ worldwide' },
+  ingv: { url: 'https://webservices.ingv.it/fdsnws/event/1/query', name: 'INGV (Italy)', scope: 'Italy and surroundings, down to ~M0.5' },
+  resif: { url: 'https://api.franceseisme.fr/fdsnws/event/1/query', name: 'RESIF / FranceSeisme', scope: 'Metropolitan France and overseas territories' },
+  koeri: { url: 'http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/services/fdsnws/event/1/query', name: 'KOERI (Turkey)', scope: 'Turkey and the eastern Mediterranean' },
+};
+
+const tools: McpToolExport['tools'] = [
+  {
+    name: 'fdsn_stations',
+    description:
+      '"Which seismometers are near Yellowstone?" / "what channels does station IU ANMO record?" — seismic station metadata from EarthScope, the largest FDSN data centre. AUTHORITATIVE for where seismic instruments physically are: returns network and station codes, site name, latitude/longitude/elevation, the operating date range, and (at channel level) every recorded channel with its sample rate, sensor description, azimuth and dip. Search by network/station code, by a geographic box, or by radius around a point. PREFER OVER WEB SEARCH for seismic instrumentation questions.',
+    inputSchema: {
+      type: 'object' as const,
+      properties: {
+        network: { type: 'string', description: 'FDSN network code, e.g. "IU" (Global Seismographic Network), "US", "CI" (Southern California). Wildcards * and ? allowed; comma-separate several.' },
+        station: { type: 'string', description: 'Station code, e.g. "ANMO". Wildcards allowed, e.g. "ANM*".' },
+        channel: { type: 'string', description: 'Channel code, e.g. "BHZ" (broadband high-gain vertical), "LH*". Only meaningful at level "channel".' },
+        level: { type: 'string', description: '"network", "station" (default), or "channel" — how much metadata to return. "channel" is much larger.' },
+        latitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Centre latitude for a radial search (use with longitude and max_radius_km).' },
+        longitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Centre longitude for a radial search.' },
+        max_radius_km: { type: 'number', description: 'Radius in km around latitude/longitude.' },
+        min_latitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Bounding-box south edge.' },
+        max_latitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Bounding-box north edge.' },
+        min_longitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Bounding-box west edge.' },
+        max_longitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Bounding-box east edge.' },
+        starttime: { type: 'string', description: 'Only stations operating on or after this date, YYYY-MM-DD.' },
+        endtime: { type: 'string', description: 'Only stations operating on or before this date, YYYY-MM-DD.' },
+        limit: { type: 'number', description: 'Max rows to return (default 100, max 1000).' },
+      },
+      required: [],
+    },
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'fdsn_events',
+    description:
+      '"What small earthquakes happened near Etna this week?" — earthquake catalogues published by REGIONAL seismological agencies over the FDSN standard: GFZ GEOFON (global rapid solutions), INGV (Italy, down to about M0.5), RESIF (France), KOERI (Turkey and the eastern Mediterranean). Complements the global catalogues — these agencies list the local magnitude-1-to-3 events that USGS and EMSC never publish. Returns event id, origin time, latitude/longitude/depth, magnitude and magnitude type, region name and event type.',
+    inputSchema: {
+      type: 'object' as const,
+      properties: {
+        datacenter: { type: 'string', description: 'Which agency catalogue: "gfz" (default, global), "ingv" (Italy), "resif" (France), "koeri" (Turkey).' },
+        starttime: { type: 'string', description: 'Earliest origin time, YYYY-MM-DD (default: 30 days ago).' },
+        endtime: { type: 'string', description: 'Latest origin time, YYYY-MM-DD.' },
+        min_magnitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Minimum magnitude.' },
+        max_magnitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Maximum magnitude.' },
+        min_depth_km: { type: 'number', description: 'Minimum hypocentre depth in km.' },
+        max_depth_km: { type: 'number', description: 'Maximum hypocentre depth in km.' },
+        latitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Centre latitude for a radial search.' },
+        longitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Centre longitude for a radial search.' },
+        max_radius_km: { type: 'number', description: 'Radius in km around latitude/longitude.' },
+        min_latitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Bounding-box south edge.' },
+        max_latitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Bounding-box north edge.' },
+        min_longitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Bounding-box west edge.' },
+        max_longitude: { type: 'number', description: 'Bounding-box east edge.' },
+        limit: { type: 'number', description: 'Max events to return (default 50, max 500).' },
+      },
+      required: [],
+    },
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'fdsn_availability',
+    description:
+      '"Where can I download waveform data for station IU ANMO in September 2026?" — which FDSN data centres actually hold seismic waveform data for a given network/station/channel and time window, from the EarthScope federated catalogue. Returns each data centre that holds matching data, its dataselect and station service URLs, and the exact network/station/location/channel/time rows it can serve. This is the "is the data there, and from whom" question — the waveform bytes themselves are fetched from the returned dataselect URL, not from here.',
+    inputSchema: {
+      type: 'object' as const,
+      properties: {
+        network: { type: 'string', description: 'FDSN network code, e.g. "IU". Wildcards allowed.' },
+        station: { type: 'string', description: 'Station code, e.g. "ANMO". Wildcards allowed.' },
+        channel: { type: 'string', description: 'Channel code, e.g. "BHZ" or "BH*" (default "*").' },
+        location: { type: 'string', description: 'Location code, e.g. "00". Default any.' },
+        starttime: { type: 'string', description: 'Window start, YYYY-MM-DD or ISO 8601 (default: 7 days ago).' },
+        endtime: { type: 'string', description: 'Window end, YYYY-MM-DD or ISO 8601 (default: today).' },
+        limit: { type: 'number', description: 'Max channel rows to return per data centre (default 50, max 500).' },
+      },
+      required: [],
+    },
+  },
+];
+
+function clampLimit(raw: unknown, def: number, max: number): number {
+  const n = Math.round(Number(raw ?? def));
+  return Number.isFinite(n) ? Math.min(max, Math.max(1, n)) : def;
+}
+
+function isoDate(raw: unknown): string | undefined {
+  if (raw == null || raw === '') return undefined;
+  const s = String(raw).trim();
+  if (!/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}([T ]\d{2}:\d{2}(:\d{2}(\.\d+)?)?Z?)?$/.test(s)) {
+    throw new Error(`user_error: times must be YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS, got "${raw}".`);
+  }
+  return s.replace(' ', 'T');
+}
+
+function daysAgo(n: number): string {
+  return new Date(Date.now() - n * 86400_000).toISOString().slice(0, 10);
+}
+
+function setIf(p: URLSearchParams, key: string, value: unknown) {
+  if (value != null && value !== '') p.set(key, String(value));
+}
+
+/** km -> degrees of great-circle arc, which is what FDSN maxradius takes. */
+function kmToDeg(km: number): number {
+  return km / 111.195;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parse an FDSN `format=text` body: a `#`-prefixed header row then pipe-
+ * delimited data rows. Field names differ by service, so the header is used
+ * rather than fixed positions.
+ */
+function parseFdsnText(body: string): Array<Record<string, string>> {
+  const lines = body.split(/\r?\n/).filter((l) => l.trim().length > 0);
+  const headerLine = lines.find((l) => l.startsWith('#'));
+  if (!headerLine) return [];
+  const header = headerLine.replace(/^#/, '').split('|').map((h) => h.trim());
+  return lines
+    .filter((l) => !l.startsWith('#'))
+    .map((line) => {
+      const cells = line.split('|');
+      const row: Record<string, string> = {};
+      header.forEach((h, i) => { row[h] = (cells[i] ?? '').trim(); });
+      return row;
+    });
+}
+
+function num(v: string | undefined): number | null {
+  if (v == null || v === '') return null;
+  const n = Number(v);
+  return Number.isFinite(n) ? n : null;
+}
+
+async function fdsnText(url: string, upstream: string): Promise<string> {
+  const res = await pwFetch(url, upstream);
+  if (res.status === 204) return '';
+  const body = await res.text();
+  if (!res.ok) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `upstream_error: ${upstream} returned HTTP ${res.status} — ${body.slice(0, 300) || '(empty body)'}`,
+    );
+  }
+  return body;
+}
+
+/** Field names differ between `level=station` and `level=channel` responses. */
+function pick(row: Record<string, string>, ...names: string[]): string | undefined {
+  for (const n of names) if (row[n] != null && row[n] !== '') return row[n];
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+async function stations(args: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  const level = String(args.level ?? 'station').trim().toLowerCase();
+  if (!['network', 'station', 'channel'].includes(level)) {
+    throw new Error(`user_error: level must be "network", "station" or "channel", got "${args.level}".`);
+  }
+  const limit = clampLimit(args.limit, 100, 1000);
+
+  const p = new URLSearchParams({ level, format: 'text', nodata: '204' });
+  setIf(p, 'net', args.network);
+  setIf(p, 'sta', args.station);
+  setIf(p, 'cha', args.channel);
+  setIf(p, 'starttime', isoDate(args.starttime));
+  setIf(p, 'endtime', isoDate(args.endtime));
+  setIf(p, 'minlatitude', args.min_latitude);
+  setIf(p, 'maxlatitude', args.max_latitude);
+  setIf(p, 'minlongitude', args.min_longitude);
+  setIf(p, 'maxlongitude', args.max_longitude);
+  if (args.latitude != null && args.longitude != null) {
+    setIf(p, 'latitude', args.latitude);
+    setIf(p, 'longitude', args.longitude);
+    const km = Number(args.max_radius_km ?? 100);
+    p.set('maxradius', kmToDeg(km).toFixed(4));
+  }
+  if (![...p.keys()].some((k) => ['net', 'sta', 'cha', 'minlatitude', 'latitude'].includes(k))) {
+    // An unfiltered channel-level query is the whole federation: tens of MB.
+    if (level === 'channel') {
+      throw new Error('user_error: level="channel" needs at least a network, station or geographic filter — an unfiltered channel query returns the entire archive.');
+    }
+    p.set('net', '*');
+  }
+
+  const url = `${EARTHSCOPE}/fdsnws/station/1/query?${p}`;
+  const rows = parseFdsnText(await fdsnText(url, 'EarthScope FDSN station service'));
+
+  return {
+    source: 'EarthScope (IRIS DMC) FDSN station service',
+    level,
+    total_rows: rows.length,
+    count: Math.min(rows.length, limit),
+    truncated: rows.length > limit,
+    stations: rows.slice(0, limit).map((r) => ({
+      network: pick(r, 'Network'),
+      station: pick(r, 'Station') ?? null,
+      location: pick(r, 'Location') ?? null,
+      channel: pick(r, 'Channel') ?? null,
+      site_name: pick(r, 'SiteName', 'Description') ?? null,
+      latitude: num(pick(r, 'Latitude')),
+      longitude: num(pick(r, 'Longitude')),
+      elevation_m: num(pick(r, 'Elevation')),
+      depth_m: num(pick(r, 'Depth')),
+      azimuth_deg: num(pick(r, 'Azimuth')),
+      dip_deg: num(pick(r, 'Dip')),
+      sensor: pick(r, 'SensorDescription') ?? null,
+      sample_rate_hz: num(pick(r, 'SampleRate')),
+      start_time: pick(r, 'StartTime') ?? null,
+      end_time: pick(r, 'EndTime') || null,
+      total_stations: num(pick(r, 'TotalStations')),
+    })),
+  };
+}
+
+async function events(args: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  const key = String(args.datacenter ?? 'gfz').trim().toLowerCase();
+  const node = EVENT_NODES[key];
+  if (!node) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `user_error: unknown datacenter "${args.datacenter}". FDSN event nodes wired here: ${Object.keys(EVENT_NODES).join(', ')}.`,
+    );
+  }
+  const limit = clampLimit(args.limit, 50, 500);
+
+  const p = new URLSearchParams({ format: 'text', nodata: '204' });
+  p.set('starttime', isoDate(args.starttime) ?? daysAgo(30));
+  setIf(p, 'endtime', isoDate(args.endtime));
+  setIf(p, 'minmagnitude', args.min_magnitude);
+  setIf(p, 'maxmagnitude', args.max_magnitude);
+  setIf(p, 'mindepth', args.min_depth_km);
+  setIf(p, 'maxdepth', args.max_depth_km);
+  setIf(p, 'minlatitude', args.min_latitude);
+  setIf(p, 'maxlatitude', args.max_latitude);
+  setIf(p, 'minlongitude', args.min_longitude);
+  setIf(p, 'maxlongitude', args.max_longitude);
+  if (args.latitude != null && args.longitude != null) {
+    setIf(p, 'latitude', args.latitude);
+    setIf(p, 'longitude', args.longitude);
+    p.set('maxradius', kmToDeg(Number(args.max_radius_km ?? 100)).toFixed(4));
+  }
+  p.set('limit', String(Math.min(500, limit * 2)));
+
+  const rows = parseFdsnText(await fdsnText(`${node.url}?${p}`, node.name));
+
+  return {
+    datacenter: key,
+    datacenter_name: node.name,
+    catalog_scope: node.scope,
+    total_rows: rows.length,
+    count: Math.min(rows.length, limit),
+    truncated: rows.length > limit,
+    events: rows.slice(0, limit).map((r) => ({
+      event_id: pick(r, 'EventID') ?? null,
+      time: pick(r, 'Time') ?? null,
+      latitude: num(pick(r, 'Latitude')),
+      longitude: num(pick(r, 'Longitude')),
+      depth_km: num(pick(r, 'Depth/km', 'Depth/Km', 'Depth')),
+      magnitude: num(pick(r, 'Magnitude')),
+      magnitude_type: pick(r, 'MagType') ?? null,
+      magnitude_author: pick(r, 'MagAuthor') || null,
+      region: pick(r, 'EventLocationName') ?? null,
+      event_type: pick(r, 'EventType') || null,
+      author: pick(r, 'Author') || null,
+      catalog: pick(r, 'Catalog') || null,
+    })),
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * fedcatalog answers in its own `format=request` dialect, not FDSN text: blank-
+ * line-separated blocks, each opening with KEY=value service lines and then
+ * bare `NET STA LOC CHA START END` rows.
+ */
+async function availability(args: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  const limit = clampLimit(args.limit, 50, 500);
+  const p = new URLSearchParams({ format: 'request' });
+  p.set('net', String(args.network ?? '*'));
+  p.set('sta', String(args.station ?? '*'));
+  p.set('cha', String(args.channel ?? '*'));
+  setIf(p, 'loc', args.location);
+  p.set('starttime', `${isoDate(args.starttime) ?? daysAgo(7)}`);
+  p.set('endtime', `${isoDate(args.endtime) ?? new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 10)}`);
+
+  if (p.get('net') === '*' && p.get('sta') === '*') {
+    throw new Error('user_error: give at least a network or a station — an unfiltered federated holdings query returns the whole archive.');
+  }
+
+  const body = await fdsnText(`${EARTHSCOPE}/irisws/fedcatalog/1/query?${p}`, 'EarthScope FDSN federated catalogue');
+
+  const centers: Array<Record<string, unknown>> = [];
+  let current: { datacenter: string | null; website: string | null; dataselect: string | null; station: string | null; availability: string | null; channels: Array<Record<string, unknown>> } | null = null;
+
+  for (const raw of body.split(/\r?\n/)) {
+    const line = raw.trim();
+    if (!line) continue;
+    if (line.startsWith('DATACENTER=')) {
+      if (current) centers.push(finishCenter(current, limit));
+      const [id, site] = line.slice('DATACENTER='.length).split(',');
+      current = { datacenter: id?.trim() ?? null, website: site?.trim() ?? null, dataselect: null, station: null, availability: null, channels: [] };
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (!current) continue;
+    if (line.startsWith('DATASELECTSERVICE=')) { current.dataselect = line.split('=')[1].trim(); continue; }
+    if (line.startsWith('STATIONSERVICE=')) { current.station = line.split('=')[1].trim(); continue; }
+    if (line.startsWith('AVAILABILITYSERVICE=')) { current.availability = line.split('=')[1].trim(); continue; }
+    if (line.includes('=')) continue; // any other service line
+    const f = line.split(/\s+/);
+    if (f.length >= 6) {
+      current.channels.push({
+        network: f[0], station: f[1], location: f[2], channel: f[3],
+        start_time: f[4], end_time: f[5],
+      });
+    }
+  }
+  if (current) centers.push(finishCenter(current, limit));
+
+  const totalChannels = centers.reduce((n, c) => n + (c.total_channels as number), 0);
+  return {
+    source: 'EarthScope FDSN federated catalogue (irisws/fedcatalog)',
+    query: {
+      network: p.get('net'), station: p.get('sta'), channel: p.get('cha'),
+      starttime: p.get('starttime'), endtime: p.get('endtime'),
+    },
+    datacenters_holding_data: centers.length,
+    total_channels: totalChannels,
+    datacenters: centers,
+  };
+}
+
+function finishCenter(c: { datacenter: string | null; website: string | null; dataselect: string | null; station: string | null; availability: string | null; channels: Array<Record<string, unknown>> }, limit: number) {
+  return {
+    datacenter: c.datacenter,
+    website: c.website,
+    dataselect_url: c.dataselect,
+    station_url: c.station,
+    availability_url: c.availability,
+    total_channels: c.channels.length,
+    truncated: c.channels.length > limit,
+    channels: c.channels.slice(0, limit),
+  };
+}
+
+async function callTool(name: string, args: Record<string, unknown>): Promise<unknown> {
+  switch (name) {
+    case 'fdsn_stations':
+      return stations(args);
+    case 'fdsn_events':
+      return events(args);
+    case 'fdsn_availability':
+      return availability(args);
+    default:
+      throw new Error(`Unknown tool: ${name}`);
+  }
+}
+
+export default { tools, callTool, meter: { credits: 1 } } satisfies McpToolExport;