@pineforge/codegen-pyodide 0.10.4 → 1.0.0-rc.1

package/pineforge_codegen/library_v5.py

@@ -0,0 +1,683 @@
+"""Pine v5 rules inside the bodies of an inlined v5 library.
+
+A library keeps its own ``//@version``: TradingView compiles it on its own,
+and a v6 script can import a v5 one (``jdehorty/MLExtensions/2`` and
+``jdehorty/KernelFunctions/2`` are v5). Where v5 and v6 read the same code
+differently, a v5 library body must be lowered with v5's rules.
+``V5_RULES`` enumerates every difference TradingView's migration guide to v6
+lists ("Here are the changes that affect v5 scripts") and what PineForge does
+with it inside a v5 library body: lower it with v5's rule here or in the
+codegen (``annotations["pine_version"] == 5`` on the inlined function or
+method), refuse the construct by the library's name, or nothing because the
+difference cannot reach a library body's lowering.
+
+Each implemented rule is pinned by TradingView's tape of a synthetic v5
+script (``tests/fixtures/xsym_lib_tv``), replayed through a synthetic v5
+library holding the same code (``tests/test_e2e_library_v5.py``).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+from .ast_nodes import (
+    ArgOrder, ASTNode, Assignment, BinOp, BoolLiteral, ColorLiteral, ExprStmt,
+    ForInStmt, ForStmt, FuncCall, FuncDef, Identifier, IfStmt, MemberAccess,
+    MethodDef, NaLiteral, NumberLiteral, StringLiteral, Subscript, SwitchStmt,
+    Ternary, TupleAssign, TupleLiteral, TypeDecl, UnaryOp, VarDecl, WhileStmt,
+)
+from .errors import CompileError, Diagnostic, Level, Phase, SourceLocation
+from .library_modules import LibraryModule
+from . import signatures as sigs
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class V5Rule:
+    change: str        # the migration guide's wording
+    disposition: str   # "implemented" | "refused" | "not applicable"
+    how: str
+
+
+# The migration guide's list, in its order (pine-script-docs
+# migration-guides/to-pine-version-6, read 2026-09-28).
+V5_RULES: dict[str, V5Rule] = {
+    "implicit-bool-cast": V5Rule(
+        "Values of the int and float types are no longer implicitly cast to bool.",
+        "implemented",
+        "the codegen's truthiness helper reads na and 0 as false in every "
+        "bool context, which is v5's implicit cast"),
+    "bool-na": V5Rule(
+        "Boolean values can no longer be na, and the na(), nz(), and fixnan() "
+        "functions no longer accept bool arguments.",
+        "refused",
+        "a v5 bool na (a comparison with na, an na literal, a bool's history "
+        "before the first bar, an if without else) reads as false wherever v5 "
+        "casts it (conditions, not, and, or, ?:) and across the library "
+        "boundary (TradingView's v6 caller reads it false); na(), nz(), "
+        "fixnan() and str.tostring/str.format of a bool, and == / != with a "
+        "bool operand, observe the third state and are refused"),
+    "lazy-and-or": V5Rule(
+        "The and and or operators now evaluate conditions lazily.",
+        "implemented",
+        "the codegen evaluates both operands of and/or, left then right, "
+        "every time the expression is evaluated; ?: stays lazy (v5 too)"),
+    "dynamic-requests": V5Rule(
+        "All request.*() functions can now execute dynamically.",
+        "refused",
+        "a request.*() call in a v5 library body"),
+    "const-int-division": V5Rule(
+        "Division of two const int values can now return a fractional value.",
+        "implemented",
+        "a division of two const ints is truncated toward zero, int(a / b); "
+        "a const is a literal, a const declaration or a variable never "
+        "reassigned with a const value, arithmetic, ?:, int(), math.abs/"
+        "max/min/round/floor/ceil and str.length of consts; a typed "
+        "parameter, a reassigned variable, an input, nz() or any series is "
+        "not, and a division whose constness depends on an untyped "
+        "parameter (v5 types it per call) is refused"),
+    "when-parameter": V5Rule(
+        "The when parameter is removed from all applicable strategy.*() functions.",
+        "not applicable", "a library cannot call strategy.*()"),
+    "default-margin": V5Rule(
+        "The default long and short margin percentage for strategies is now 100.",
+        "not applicable", "a strategy() declaration, never a library's"),
+    "excess-orders": V5Rule(
+        "Strategies now trim the oldest orders in their results instead of "
+        "raising an error when they exceed the 9000 trade limit.",
+        "not applicable", "the importing strategy's order book"),
+    "exit-parameter-pairs": V5Rule(
+        "The strategy.exit() command no longer ignores relative parameters "
+        "... when the call also includes arguments for the related absolute "
+        "parameters.",
+        "not applicable", "a library cannot call strategy.exit()"),
+    "literal-and-field-history": V5Rule(
+        "The history-referencing operator [] can no longer reference the "
+        "history of literal values or fields of user-defined types directly.",
+        "refused",
+        "[] on a literal, a built-in constant or a user-defined type's field "
+        "in a v5 library body"),
+    "repeated-parameters": V5Rule(
+        "Function calls can no longer include more than one argument for the "
+        "same parameter.",
+        "refused",
+        "the parser refuses a keyword argument given twice (v5 kept the "
+        "first), located in the library"),
+    "series-offset": V5Rule(
+        "The offset parameter of plot() and other functions no longer accepts "
+        "series values.",
+        "not applicable", "plot() and its kin run at the global scope; a "
+        "library's global code is never inlined"),
+    "unique-type-na": V5Rule(
+        "na values are no longer allowed in place of built-in constants of "
+        "unique types.",
+        "not applicable", "those parameters style plots and drawings, which "
+        "the codegen drops"),
+    "timeframe-period-multiplier": V5Rule(
+        'The value of timeframe.period now always includes a multiplier '
+        '(e.g., "1D" instead of "D").',
+        "implemented",
+        'timeframe.period reads "D", "W" and "M" for a 1D, 1W and 1M chart'),
+    "negative-array-index": V5Rule(
+        "Some array.*() functions now accept negative index arguments.",
+        "implemented",
+        "array get/set/insert/remove stop the run on a negative index "
+        "(TradingView's v5 runtime error), where v6 counts from the end"),
+    "mutable-const": V5Rule(
+        "Some mutable variables are no longer erroneously marked as const.",
+        "refused",
+        "a reassigned variable passed where a ta.*() or math.sum() length is "
+        "(v5 runs it at its first value); a reassigned variable is not const "
+        "in a division (TradingView's tape: fractional)"),
+    "transp-parameter": V5Rule(
+        "The transp parameter is removed from all applicable functions.",
+        "not applicable", "plot-style functions, global scope only"),
+    "default-colors": V5Rule(
+        "Some default colors and color constants have updated values.",
+        "implemented",
+        "color.red, color.teal and color.yellow keep their v5 values "
+        "(#FF5252, #00897B, #FFEB3B); label.new's default text color is a "
+        "drawing style the codegen drops"),
+    "dynamic-for-boundary": V5Rule(
+        "The for loop statement now evaluates its end boundary dynamically "
+        "before every iteration.",
+        "implemented",
+        "the codegen evaluates a for loop's `to` once, before the first "
+        "iteration"),
+}
+
+_V5_COLORS = {"red": "#FF5252", "teal": "#00897B", "yellow": "#FFEB3B"}
+
+# Built-in namespaces whose members are constants: ``[]`` on one is history
+# of a constant (refused under v5).
+_CONSTANT_NAMESPACES = frozenset({
+    "color", "shape", "location", "size", "position", "text", "xloc", "yloc",
+    "extend", "plot", "hline", "display", "format", "order", "currency",
+    "dayofweek", "barmerge", "font", "scale", "alert", "adjustment",
+    "backadjustment", "settlement_as_close", "label", "line", "strategy",
+})
+_NAMESPACES = _CONSTANT_NAMESPACES | frozenset({
+    "ta", "math", "str", "array", "map", "matrix", "input", "request",
+    "syminfo", "timeframe", "barstate", "session", "chart", "table",
+    "linefill", "polyline", "log", "runtime", "ticker", "dividends",
+    "earnings", "splits", "footprint", "volume_row", "box",
+})
+
+# What the codegen lowers by v5's rules only inside a v5 function or method
+# (``CodeGen._pine_v5_body``): a top-level declaration or a type's field
+# default, emitted with the script's code, refuses it.
+_BODY_ONLY_OPS = frozenset({"and", "or", "==", "!="})
+_BODY_ONLY_CALLS = frozenset({"na", "nz", "fixnan", "string"})
+_BODY_ONLY_MEMBER_CALLS = frozenset({
+    ("str", "tostring"), ("str", "format"),
+    ("array", "get"), ("array", "set"), ("array", "insert"), ("array", "remove"),
+})
+_BODY_ONLY_METHODS = frozenset({"get", "set", "insert", "remove"})
+
+_INT_BUILTIN_VARS = frozenset({
+    "bar_index", "last_bar_index", "time", "time_close", "timenow",
+    "time_tradingday", "year", "month", "weekofyear", "dayofmonth",
+    "dayofweek", "hour", "minute", "second",
+})
+
+# Qualifier lattice of the v5 const-int analysis.
+C, N, U = "const", "nonconst", "unknown"
+
+
+def _combine(*qs: str) -> str:
+    if N in qs:
+        return N
+    if U in qs:
+        return U
+    return C
+
+
+def _kind_of_hint(hint) -> str:
+    if not isinstance(hint, str):
+        return "?"
+    return {"int": "int", "float": "float", "bool": "bool",
+            "string": "string"}.get(hint, "?")
+
+
+class _Refusal(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, node: ASTNode | None, message: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.node = node
+
+
+class _Callable:
+    """What the const-int analysis knows of one inlined body."""
+
+    def __init__(self, node, module: "_V5Module") -> None:
+        self.module = module
+        hints = list((node.annotations or {}).get("param_type_hints") or ())
+        self.params = {p: (hints[i] if i < len(hints) else None)
+                       for i, p in enumerate(node.params)}
+        self.decls: dict[str, list[VarDecl]] = {}
+        self.bound: set[str] = set()          # tuple, loop and other bindings
+        self.reassigned: set[str] = set()
+        for stmt in _statements(node.body):
+            if isinstance(stmt, VarDecl):
+                self.decls.setdefault(stmt.name, []).append(stmt)
+            elif isinstance(stmt, TupleAssign):
+                self.bound.update(n for n in stmt.names if n != "_")
+            elif isinstance(stmt, Assignment) and isinstance(stmt.target, Identifier):
+                self.reassigned.add(stmt.target.name)
+            elif isinstance(stmt, ForStmt) and stmt.var:
+                self.bound.add(stmt.var)
+            elif isinstance(stmt, ForInStmt):
+                self.bound.update(v for v in [stmt.var, *(stmt.vars or [])] if v)
+
+
+class _V5Module:
+    def __init__(self, lib: LibraryModule, definitions: list, names: dict[str, str]) -> None:
+        self.lib = lib
+        self.definitions = definitions
+        self.globals: dict[str, VarDecl] = {}
+        self.reassigned: set[str] = set()
+        for stmt in definitions:
+            if isinstance(stmt, VarDecl):
+                self.globals[stmt.name] = stmt
+        for stmt in lib.program.body:
+            if isinstance(stmt, Assignment) and isinstance(stmt.target, Identifier):
+                original = stmt.target.name
+                self.reassigned.add(names.get(original, original))
+
+
+def _statements(body):
+    """Every statement of a body, nested blocks included."""
+    stack = list(reversed(body or []))
+    while stack:
+        stmt = stack.pop()
+        yield stmt
+        blocks = []
+        if isinstance(stmt, IfStmt):
+            blocks = [stmt.body, stmt.else_body]
+        elif isinstance(stmt, (ForStmt, ForInStmt, WhileStmt)):
+            blocks = [stmt.body]
+        elif isinstance(stmt, SwitchStmt):
+            blocks = [b for _v, b in stmt.cases] + [stmt.default_body]
+        for value in (getattr(stmt, "value", None), getattr(stmt, "expr", None)):
+            if isinstance(value, (IfStmt, SwitchStmt, ForStmt, WhileStmt)):
+                stack.append(value)
+        for block in reversed(blocks):
+            stack.extend(reversed(block or []))
+
+
+def _walk(expr):
+    """``expr`` and every AST node below it."""
+    stack = [expr]
+    while stack:
+        node = stack.pop()
+        if not isinstance(node, ASTNode):
+            continue
+        yield node
+        for key, value in vars(node).items():
+            if key in ("loc", "annotations"):
+                continue
+            if isinstance(value, ASTNode):
+                stack.append(value)
+            elif isinstance(value, list):
+                stack.extend(v for v in value if isinstance(v, ASTNode))
+            elif isinstance(value, dict):
+                stack.extend(v for v in value.values() if isinstance(v, ASTNode))
+
+
+class _Lowering:
+    """The v5 lowering of one inlined definition."""
+
+    def __init__(self, module: _V5Module, node) -> None:
+        self.module = module
+        self.node = node
+        self.fn = _Callable(node, module) if isinstance(node, (FuncDef, MethodDef)) else None
+
+    # -- the const-int analysis ------------------------------------------
+
+    def kind(self, expr) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        """(kind, qualifier) of ``expr``: kind int/float/bool/string/na/?,
+        qualifier const/nonconst/unknown under v5's rules (TradingView's tape
+        of xc_v5_lib, ``tests/fixtures/xsym_lib_tv``)."""
+        if isinstance(expr, NumberLiteral):
+            return ("int" if isinstance(expr.value, int) else "float"), C
+        if isinstance(expr, NaLiteral):
+            return "na", C
+        if isinstance(expr, BoolLiteral):
+            return "bool", C
+        if isinstance(expr, StringLiteral):
+            return "string", C
+        if isinstance(expr, ColorLiteral):
+            return "color", C
+        if isinstance(expr, Identifier):
+            return self._identifier(expr.name)
+        if isinstance(expr, UnaryOp):
+            k, q = self.kind(expr.operand)
+            return ("bool", q) if expr.op == "not" else (k, q)
+        if isinstance(expr, BinOp):
+            if expr.op in ("and", "or", "==", "!=", "<", ">", "<=", ">="):
+                return "bool", _combine(self.kind(expr.left)[1], self.kind(expr.right)[1])
+            (kl, ql), (kr, qr) = self.kind(expr.left), self.kind(expr.right)
+            q = _combine(ql, qr)
+            if expr.op == "/":
+                if kl == kr == "int":
+                    return ("int", C) if q == C else ("float", q)
+                return ("float" if "float" in (kl, kr) else "?"), q
+            if kl == kr and kl in ("int", "float", "string"):
+                return kl, q
+            if {kl, kr} <= {"int", "float"}:
+                return "float", q
+            return "?", q
+        if isinstance(expr, Ternary):
+            (_kc, qc), (ka, qa), (kb, qb) = (self.kind(expr.condition),
+                                             self.kind(expr.true_val),
+                                             self.kind(expr.false_val))
+            q = _combine(qc, qa, qb)
+            if ka == kb:
+                return ka, q
+            if {ka, kb} <= {"int", "float"}:
+                return "float", q
+            return "?", q
+        if isinstance(expr, FuncCall):
+            return self._call_kind(expr)
+        if isinstance(expr, Subscript):
+            return self.kind(expr.object)[0], N
+        if isinstance(expr, MemberAccess):
+            if isinstance(expr.object, Identifier) and expr.object.name == "color":
+                return "color", C
+            return "?", N
+        return "?", U
+
+    def _identifier(self, name: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        fn = self.fn
+        if fn is not None and name in fn.params:
+            hint = fn.params[name]
+            # A typed parameter is series (or simple) whatever the argument
+            # (TradingView: xc_v5_lib's typedDiv(5, 5, 5) divides its int,
+            # simple int and series int parameters by 2 as 2.5); an untyped
+            # one takes its call's qualifier (a probe outside this
+            # repository: 2 for the argument 5, 0.5 for bar_index on bar 1).
+            return (_kind_of_hint(hint), N) if hint else ("?", U)
+        if fn is not None and (name in fn.decls or name in fn.bound):
+            if name in fn.bound or name in fn.reassigned:
+                return self._decl_kind(fn.decls.get(name)), N
+            if len(fn.decls[name]) != 1:
+                # Declared in sibling blocks: each is its own variable.
+                return self._decl_kind(fn.decls[name]), U
+            decl = fn.decls[name][0]
+            k, q = self.kind(decl.value)
+            return (_kind_of_hint(decl.type_hint) if decl.type_hint else k), q
+        glob = self.module.globals.get(name)
+        if glob is not None:
+            if name in self.module.reassigned:
+                return self._decl_kind([glob]), N
+            k, q = self.kind(glob.value)
+            return (_kind_of_hint(glob.type_hint) if glob.type_hint else k), q
+        if name in _INT_BUILTIN_VARS:
+            return "int", N
+        if name == "na":
+            return "na", C
+        return "?", N
+
+    def _decl_kind(self, decls) -> str:
+        for decl in decls or ():
+            if decl.type_hint:
+                return _kind_of_hint(decl.type_hint)
+        return "?"
+
+    def _call_kind(self, call: FuncCall) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        callee = call.callee
+        args = list(call.args) + list(call.kwargs.values())
+        kinds = [self.kind(a) for a in args]
+        q = _combine(*(k[1] for k in kinds)) if kinds else C
+        if isinstance(callee, Identifier):
+            name = callee.name
+            if name == "int":
+                return "int", q
+            if name == "float":
+                return "float", q
+            if name == "bool":
+                return "bool", q
+            if name == "string":
+                return "string", q
+            if name == "nz":
+                # TradingView: nz(7) / 2 divides as 3.5.
+                return (kinds[0][0] if kinds else "?"), N
+            if name == "na":
+                return "bool", q
+            # A user function's result: series unless every argument is a
+            # const, where v5's per-call typing is unknown.
+            return "?", (U if q == C else N)
+        if isinstance(callee, MemberAccess) and isinstance(callee.object, Identifier):
+            ns, member = callee.object.name, callee.member
+            if ns == "math":
+                if member in ("abs",) and kinds:
+                    return kinds[0][0], q
+                if member in ("max", "min"):
+                    kk = {k for k, _ in kinds}
+                    return ("int" if kk == {"int"} else "float"), q
+                if member in ("round", "floor", "ceil") and len(args) == 1:
+                    return "int", q
+                return "float", q
+            if ns == "str" and member == "length":
+                return "int", q
+            if ns in _NAMESPACES:
+                return "?", N
+        return "?", (U if q == C else N)
+
+    # -- rewriting --------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def lower(self) -> None:
+        node = self.node
+        if isinstance(node, (FuncDef, MethodDef)):
+            self._block(node.body)
+            notes = node.annotations or {}
+            node.annotations = dict(notes, param_defaults=[
+                None if d is None else self.expr(d)
+                for d in notes.get("param_defaults") or ()])
+        elif isinstance(node, (VarDecl, TupleAssign)):
+            node.value = self.expr(node.value)
+            self._check_outside_body(node.value, "a top-level declaration")
+        elif isinstance(node, TypeDecl):
+            for fld in node.fields:
+                if fld.default is not None:
+                    fld.default = self.expr(fld.default)
+                    self._check_outside_body(fld.default, "a field's default")
+
+    def _check_outside_body(self, expr, where: str) -> None:
+        """Refuse in ``expr``, emitted outside the library's functions, what
+        the codegen lowers by v5's rules only inside them."""
+        for node in _walk(expr):
+            what = None
+            if isinstance(node, BinOp) and node.op in _BODY_ONLY_OPS:
+                what = f"'{node.op}'"
+            elif isinstance(node, FuncCall):
+                callee = node.callee
+                if isinstance(callee, Identifier) and callee.name in _BODY_ONLY_CALLS:
+                    what = f"{callee.name}()"
+                elif isinstance(callee, MemberAccess):
+                    ns = callee.object.name if isinstance(callee.object, Identifier) else None
+                    if (ns, callee.member) in _BODY_ONLY_MEMBER_CALLS:
+                        what = f"{ns}.{callee.member}()"
+                    elif ns not in _NAMESPACES and callee.member in _BODY_ONLY_METHODS:
+                        what = f"the method {callee.member}()"
+            if what is not None:
+                raise _Refusal(node, (
+                    f"{what} in {where}: v5 reads it differently from v6, and "
+                    "PineForge applies v5's rule only inside the library's "
+                    "functions and methods"))
+
+    def _block(self, stmts) -> None:
+        for i, stmt in enumerate(stmts or []):
+            stmts[i] = self.stmt(stmt)
+
+    def stmt(self, stmt):
+        if isinstance(stmt, VarDecl):
+            stmt.value = self.expr(stmt.value)
+        elif isinstance(stmt, TupleAssign):
+            stmt.value = self.expr(stmt.value)
+        elif isinstance(stmt, Assignment):
+            stmt.target = self.expr(stmt.target)
+            stmt.value = self.expr(stmt.value)
+        elif isinstance(stmt, ExprStmt):
+            stmt.expr = self.expr(stmt.expr)
+        elif isinstance(stmt, (IfStmt, ForStmt, ForInStmt, WhileStmt, SwitchStmt)):
+            self._block_node(stmt)
+        return stmt
+
+    def _block_node(self, node):
+        if isinstance(node, IfStmt):
+            node.condition = self.expr(node.condition)
+            self._block(node.body)
+            self._block(node.else_body)
+        elif isinstance(node, ForStmt):
+            node.start, node.end = self.expr(node.start), self.expr(node.end)
+            if node.step is not None:
+                node.step = self.expr(node.step)
+            self._block(node.body)
+        elif isinstance(node, ForInStmt):
+            node.iterable = self.expr(node.iterable)
+            self._block(node.body)
+        elif isinstance(node, WhileStmt):
+            node.condition = self.expr(node.condition)
+            self._block(node.body)
+        elif isinstance(node, SwitchStmt):
+            if node.expr is not None:
+                node.expr = self.expr(node.expr)
+            node.cases = [(None if v is None else self.expr(v), b) for v, b in node.cases]
+            for _v, body in node.cases:
+                self._block(body)
+            self._block(node.default_body)
+        return node
+
+    def expr(self, node):
+        if node is None or not isinstance(node, ASTNode):
+            return node
+        if isinstance(node, (IfStmt, ForStmt, ForInStmt, WhileStmt, SwitchStmt)):
+            return self._block_node(node)
+        if isinstance(node, MemberAccess):
+            if isinstance(node.object, Identifier):
+                ns, member = node.object.name, node.member
+                if ns == "color" and member in _V5_COLORS:
+                    return self._at(ColorLiteral(value=_V5_COLORS[member]), node)
+                if ns == "timeframe" and member == "period":
+                    return self._v5_timeframe_period(node)
+            node.object = self.expr(node.object)
+            return node
+        if isinstance(node, Subscript):
+            self._check_history(node)
+            node.object = self.expr(node.object)
+            node.index = self.expr(node.index)
+            return node
+        if isinstance(node, FuncCall):
+            self._check_call(node)
+            node.callee = self.expr(node.callee) if not isinstance(node.callee, Identifier) else node.callee
+            replaced = {}
+            args = []
+            for a in node.args:
+                new = self.expr(a)
+                if new is not a:
+                    replaced[id(a)] = new
+                args.append(new)
+            kwargs = {}
+            for k, a in node.kwargs.items():
+                new = self.expr(a)
+                if new is not a:
+                    replaced[id(a)] = new
+                kwargs[k] = new
+            node.args, node.kwargs = args, kwargs
+            if replaced:
+                notes = node.annotations or {}
+                order = notes.get("call_arg_order")
+                if isinstance(order, ArgOrder):
+                    node.annotations = dict(notes, call_arg_order=ArgOrder(
+                        replaced.get(id(n), n) for n in order))
+            return node
+        if isinstance(node, BinOp):
+            node.left = self.expr(node.left)
+            node.right = self.expr(node.right)
+            if node.op == "/":
+                return self._division(node)
+            return node
+        if isinstance(node, UnaryOp):
+            node.operand = self.expr(node.operand)
+            return node
+        if isinstance(node, Ternary):
+            node.condition = self.expr(node.condition)
+            node.true_val = self.expr(node.true_val)
+            node.false_val = self.expr(node.false_val)
+            return node
+        if isinstance(node, TupleLiteral):
+            node.elements = [self.expr(e) for e in node.elements]
+            return node
+        return node
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _at(new: ASTNode, like: ASTNode) -> ASTNode:
+        new.loc = like.loc
+        return new
+
+    def _division(self, node: BinOp):
+        (kl, ql), (kr, qr) = self.kind(node.left), self.kind(node.right)
+        if "float" in (kl, kr) or "na" in (kl, kr) or N in (ql, qr):
+            return node
+        if kl == kr == "int" and ql == qr == C:
+            # v5 divides two const ints as integers, truncating toward zero
+            # (TradingView: -7 / 2 = -3, 7 / -2 = -3); int() of v6's
+            # fractional quotient is that.
+            callee = self._at(Identifier(name="int"), node)
+            call = self._at(FuncCall(callee=callee, args=[node], kwargs={}), node)
+            return call
+        raise _Refusal(node, (
+            "v5 divides two const ints as integers, and whether both operands "
+            "of this division are const depends on its call (an untyped "
+            "parameter takes its argument's qualifier in v5); PineForge does "
+            "not specialize a v5 function per call"))
+
+    def _v5_timeframe_period(self, node: MemberAccess):
+        """``timeframe.period`` as v5 spells it: no multiplier of 1 for a
+        day, week or month (TradingView: "D" on a 1D chart)."""
+        def period():
+            return self._at(MemberAccess(
+                object=self._at(Identifier(name="timeframe"), node), member="period"), node)
+
+        result = period()
+        for v6, v5 in (("1M", "M"), ("1W", "W"), ("1D", "D")):
+            cond = self._at(BinOp(left=period(), op="==",
+                                  right=self._at(StringLiteral(value=v6), node)), node)
+            result = self._at(Ternary(condition=cond,
+                                      true_val=self._at(StringLiteral(value=v5), node),
+                                      false_val=result), node)
+        return result
+
+    def _check_history(self, node: Subscript) -> None:
+        obj = node.object
+        if isinstance(obj, (NumberLiteral, StringLiteral, BoolLiteral, ColorLiteral, NaLiteral)):
+            raise _Refusal(node, "[] on a literal reads its history, which v5 "
+                                 "allows and PineForge does not implement")
+        if isinstance(obj, MemberAccess) and isinstance(obj.object, Identifier):
+            if obj.object.name in _CONSTANT_NAMESPACES:
+                raise _Refusal(node, "[] on a built-in constant reads its history, "
+                                     "which v5 allows and PineForge does not implement")
+            if obj.object.name not in _NAMESPACES:
+                raise _Refusal(node, "[] on a user-defined type's field reads its "
+                                     "history directly, which v5 allows and "
+                                     "PineForge does not implement")
+        elif isinstance(obj, MemberAccess):
+            raise _Refusal(node, "[] on a user-defined type's field reads its "
+                                 "history directly, which v5 allows and PineForge "
+                                 "does not implement")
+
+    def _check_call(self, call: FuncCall) -> None:
+        callee = call.callee
+        if not (isinstance(callee, MemberAccess) and isinstance(callee.object, Identifier)):
+            return
+        ns, member = callee.object.name, callee.member
+        if ns == "request":
+            raise _Refusal(call, f"request.{member}() in a v5 library runs under "
+                                 "v5's non-dynamic request rules, which PineForge "
+                                 "does not implement")
+        length_params: set[int | str] = set()
+        if ns == "ta" and member in sigs.TA_FUNCTIONS:
+            for sig in sigs.TA_FUNCTIONS[member].signatures:
+                for i, p in enumerate(sig.params):
+                    if p.pine_type == sigs.I:
+                        length_params.update((i, p.name))
+        elif ns == "math" and member == "sum":
+            length_params.update((1, "length"))
+        if not length_params:
+            return
+        bound = [(i, a) for i, a in enumerate(call.args)] + list(call.kwargs.items())
+        for key, arg in bound:
+            if key in length_params and self._reads_reassigned(arg):
+                raise _Refusal(arg, (
+                    f"a reassigned variable passed as {ns}.{member}()'s length: "
+                    "v5 marks it const and runs the call at its first value, "
+                    "which PineForge does not implement"))
+
+    def _reads_reassigned(self, expr) -> bool:
+        fn = self.fn
+        return any(
+            isinstance(node, Identifier)
+            and ((fn is not None and node.name in fn.reassigned)
+                 or node.name in self.module.reassigned)
+            for node in _walk(expr))
+
+
+def lower_v5_modules(modules: list[tuple[LibraryModule, list, dict[str, str]]],
+                     filename: str) -> None:
+    """Lower the reachable definitions of every v5 module in ``modules``
+    (library, its inlined definitions in source order, its top-level renames)
+    with v5's rules, refusing by the library's name what PineForge does not
+    implement."""
+    for lib, definitions, names in modules:
+        if lib.pine_version != 5:
+            continue
+        module = _V5Module(lib, definitions, names)
+        for node in definitions:
+            try:
+                _Lowering(module, node).lower()
+            except _Refusal as exc:
+                loc = getattr(exc.node, "loc", None) or SourceLocation(
+                    file=lib.path, line=1, col=1, end_col=1)
+                raise CompileError([Diagnostic(
+                    level=Level.ERROR, phase=Phase.PARSER, location=loc,
+                    message=f"library '{lib.path}' is //@version=5: {exc}",
+                )]) from None