@photivra/engine 2.3.0 → 2.5.0

package/dist/optics/diffraction-psf-profile.js

@@ -26,6 +26,20 @@
  * its many-blade (circular) limit. The sum of all cells is exactly 1 (Parseval), so the energy captured by
  * the finite kernel is Σ K over its window and the truncated energy is 1 − Σ K.
  *
+ * **Cells much larger than the pattern (2.5).** The frequency-domain node counts grow with β = p·f_c (the cell
+ * side over the cut-off period), so the work grows as β². From β ≥ `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA` (192) the cells
+ * are integrated in real space instead, with the same model and no frequency integral: the Airy encircled energy is
+ * EE(r) = 1 − J₀(x)² − J₁(x)², x = π·r·f_c (it follows from J₀′ = −J₁ and J₁′ = J₀ − J₁/x, DLMF §10.6(i), free), so
+ * the energy of the rectangle [0, X] × [0, Y] is (1/2π)∫ EE(r_edge(θ)) dθ over its quadrant, a one-dimensional
+ * integral in θ. Every cell is a signed sum of such rectangles. x ≥ π·β/2 ≥ 301 there, where J₀ and J₁ come from
+ * the Hankel asymptotic expansion (DLMF §10.17(i), eq. 10.17.3, free) with eight terms in each of P and Q; the
+ * remainder is below the first neglected term (DLMF §10.17(iii)), under 1e-17. The θ integral uses 16-point
+ * Gauss–Legendre panels on which the phase 2x changes by at most 2 radians, so the work grows only as β. The tests
+ * check the two methods against each other where both are practical (β from 192 to 400), the real-space cells
+ * against the asymptotic leakage 8√2/(π³·β) of the centre cell, and convergence under doubled panel counts.
+ * The β threshold lies above every β a `simulateCapture` pitch up to 100 µm can reach (at most 100/(0.3805·1.4) ≈ 188),
+ * so those captures keep the frequency-domain values unchanged.
+ *
  * **Truncation and normalization.** The kernel is the (2R+1)² window of cells. The Airy tails fall only as
  * r⁻³, so a finite window always misses some energy: it is reported per wavelength, and the window is then
  * renormalized to unit sum because the sampled-profile contract requires unit-energy kernels. The missing
@@ -47,6 +61,11 @@ export const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL = Object.freeze({
 });
 /** Input limits: at most 64 wavelengths, kernel radius 0–32 samples (the irradiance-convolution limit). */
 export const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS = Object.freeze({ maximumWavelengths: 64, maximumKernelRadiusSamples: 32 });
+/**
+ * Internal: β = p·f_c (cell side over the cut-off period) from which `calculateAiryCellEnergies` integrates the cells in
+ * real space (2.5). Above every β of a `simulateCapture` pitch up to 100 µm, whose captures keep the frequency-domain values.
+ */
+export const AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA = 192;
 /** Radius of the first dark ring of the Airy pattern in units of λ·N_w: j₁,₁/π, j₁,₁ = 3.8317059702 (first zero of J₁). */
 const AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N = 3.8317059702075125 / Math.PI;
 const EVIDENCE = Object.freeze([Object.freeze({ sourceOrigin: "photivra",
@@ -111,9 +130,99 @@ function sinc(x) {
 }
 /**
  * Cell energies K(i, j), 0 ≤ i, j ≤ R, of the Airy pattern for β = p·f_c (cell side in units of the cut-off
- * period). `scale` multiplies the node counts (1 in production; the tests use 2 to check convergence).
+ * period): in the frequency domain below `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA`, in real space from it (2.5). `scale`
+ * multiplies the node or panel counts (1 in production; the tests use 2 to check convergence).
  */
 export function calculateAiryCellEnergies(beta, radius, scale = 1) {
+    return beta >= AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA ? { ...calculateAiryCellEnergiesInRealSpace(beta, radius, scale), radialNodes: 0, realSpace: true } :
+        { ...calculateAiryCellEnergiesInFrequencyDomain(beta, radius, scale), realSpace: false };
+}
+/** Hankel asymptotic coefficients a_k(ν) of DLMF 10.17.1 for ν = 0 and 1, k = 0..15. */
+const HANKEL = (() => {
+    const a0 = new Float64Array(16), a1 = new Float64Array(16);
+    a0[0] = 1;
+    a1[0] = 1;
+    for (let k = 1; k < 16; k++) {
+        const odd = (2 * k - 1) * (2 * k - 1);
+        a0[k] = a0[k - 1] * (0 - odd) / (8 * k);
+        a1[k] = a1[k - 1] * (4 - odd) / (8 * k);
+    }
+    return { a0, a1 };
+})();
+/** Smallest argument of `besselSquareSum`: there the 16-term expansion's remainder is below 1e-17. */
+const HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT = 300;
+/**
+ * J₀(x)² + J₁(x)² for x ≥ 300 from the Hankel expansion J_ν(x) = √(2/(πx))·(P_ν cos ω_ν − Q_ν sin ω_ν), ω_ν = x − νπ/2 − π/4,
+ * P_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k(ν)/x^2k, Q_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k+1(ν)/x^2k+1 (DLMF 10.17.3), eight terms each. With ω₁ = ω₀ − π/2,
+ * J₁ = √(2/(πx))·(P₁ sin ω₀ + Q₁ cos ω₀). Internal.
+ */
+export function besselSquareSum(x) {
+    if (!(x >= HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT))
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError("The Hankel expansion of J0 and J1 needs an argument of at least 300.");
+    const { a0, a1 } = HANKEL, inverse = 1 / x;
+    let p0 = 0, q0 = 0, p1 = 0, q1 = 0, power = 1;
+    for (let k = 0; k < 16; k++) {
+        const sign = (k >> 1) % 2 === 0 ? 1 : -1;
+        if (k % 2 === 0) {
+            p0 += sign * a0[k] * power;
+            p1 += sign * a1[k] * power;
+        }
+        else {
+            q0 += sign * a0[k] * power;
+            q1 += sign * a1[k] * power;
+        }
+        power *= inverse;
+    }
+    const omega = x - Math.PI / 4, c = Math.cos(omega), s = Math.sin(omega);
+    const j0 = p0 * c - q0 * s, j1 = p1 * s + q1 * c;
+    return 2 / (Math.PI * x) * (j0 * j0 + j1 * j1);
+}
+/**
+ * Real-space cell energies (2.5): see the module comment. G(Z, φ) = ∫₀^φ [J₀² + J₁²](π·β·Z/cos θ) dθ for cell boundaries at
+ * half-integer distances Z (in cells), accumulated along θ for each Z with every needed φ = atan(W/Z) as a panel boundary.
+ * The rectangle [0, X] × [0, Y] holds 1/4 − (G(X, atan(Y/X)) + G(Y, atan(X/Y)))/(2π) of the energy. Internal.
+ */
+export function calculateAiryCellEnergiesInRealSpace(beta, radius, scale = 1) {
+    const size = radius + 1, table = new Float64Array(size * size), { nodes, weights } = gaussLegendre(16);
+    let angularNodes = 0;
+    for (let z = 0; z < size; z++) {
+        const Z = z + 0.5, k = Math.PI * beta * Z;
+        let sum = 0, t0 = 1, theta0 = 0;
+        for (let w = 0; w < size; w++) {
+            // Panels equal in t = 1/cos θ, so the phase 2x = 2kt changes by at most 2 radians on each.
+            const t1 = Math.hypot(Z, w + 0.5) / Z, theta1 = Math.atan2(w + 0.5, Z), panels = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(scale * k * (t1 - t0)));
+            let a = theta0;
+            for (let n = 1; n <= panels; n++) {
+                const b = n === panels ? theta1 : Math.acos(1 / (t0 + (t1 - t0) * n / panels)), h = b - a;
+                let panel = 0;
+                for (let g = 0; g < 16; g++)
+                    panel += weights[g] * besselSquareSum(k / Math.cos(a + h * nodes[g]));
+                sum += panel * h;
+                a = b;
+            }
+            angularNodes += 16 * panels;
+            table[z * size + w] = sum;
+            t0 = t1;
+            theta0 = theta1;
+        }
+    }
+    // Boundaries of cell i along one axis as (half-integer index, weight): the centre cell is twice [0, 1/2].
+    const bounds = (i) => i === 0 ? [[0, 2]] : [[i, 1], [i - 1, -1]];
+    const cells = new Float64Array(size * size);
+    for (let j = 0; j < size; j++)
+        for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            let constant = 0, leak = 0;
+            for (const [a, wa] of bounds(i))
+                for (const [b, wb] of bounds(j)) {
+                    constant += wa * wb;
+                    leak += wa * wb * (table[a * size + b] + table[b * size + a]);
+                }
+            cells[j * size + i] = constant / 4 - leak / (2 * Math.PI);
+        }
+    return { cells, angularNodes };
+}
+/** Frequency-domain cell energies (2.1; see the module comment). Internal. */
+export function calculateAiryCellEnergiesInFrequencyDomain(beta, radius, scale = 1) {
     // Bandwidth of the angular and radial integrands: c = π·β·(2R + 1)·√2 (the sinc factors and the highest cosine).
     const c = Math.PI * beta * (2 * radius + 1) * Math.SQRT2, margin = 10 * Math.cbrt(c) + 24;
     const quarter = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin) / 4), radialNodes = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin));
@@ -203,10 +312,12 @@ export function createDiffractionLimitedPsfProfile(input) {
         throw new InvalidConfigurationError("profileId must be a public opaque ID.");
     const pupilDiameterMm = focalLengthMm / fNumber, workingFNumber = distanceMm / pupilDiameterMm, size = 2 * radius + 1;
     let maximumRadialNodes = 0, maximumAngularNodes = 0, maximumTruncated = 0;
-    const records = [], kernels = [];
+    const records = [], kernels = [], realSpaceWavelengthsNm = [];
     for (const nm of wavelengths) {
         const lambdaN = nm / 1000 * workingFNumber, cutoff = 1 / lambdaN;
         const airy = calculateAiryCellEnergies(pitch * cutoff, radius);
+        if (airy.realSpace)
+            realSpaceWavelengthsNm.push(nm);
         maximumRadialNodes = Math.max(maximumRadialNodes, airy.radialNodes);
         maximumAngularNodes = Math.max(maximumAngularNodes, airy.angularNodes);
         const values = new Array(size * size);
@@ -247,6 +358,8 @@ export function createDiffractionLimitedPsfProfile(input) {
         nodes, evidence: EVIDENCE, limitations: [...LIMITATIONS] });
     return approximationResult({ profile, model: DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL, pupilDiameterMm, pupilToImageDistanceMm: distanceMm, workingFNumber,
         kernelRadiusSamples: radius, samplePitchMicrometers: pitch, wavelengths: records, maximumTruncatedEnergyFraction: maximumTruncated,
-        quadrature: { method: "polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre", maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes } }, DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelId, DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion, [...LIMITATIONS]);
+        quadrature: realSpaceWavelengthsNm.length === 0 ? { method: "polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre", maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes } :
+            { method: realSpaceWavelengthsNm.length === wavelengths.length ? "real-space-encircled-energy-gauss-legendre" : "frequency-domain-and-real-space",
+                maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes, realSpaceWavelengthsNm } }, DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelId, DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion, [...LIMITATIONS]);
 }
 //# sourceMappingURL=diffraction-psf-profile.js.map

package/dist/optics/diffraction-psf-profile.js.map

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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * Builds a `LensSampledPsfProfile` for an ideal, aberration-free, in-focus lens with a uniformly lit\n * circular pupil: the Airy pattern of scalar Fraunhofer diffraction, one unit-sum kernel per declared\n * wavelength on ONE shared sample grid (2.1.0).\n *\n * **Model.** The pupil diameter is D = f/N (entrance pupil = exit pupil, unity pupil magnification) and\n * the pupil-to-image distance z is the thin-lens image distance for the focus (f at infinity), so the\n * image-side (working) f-number is N_w = z/D. The incoherent optical transfer function (OTF) of a\n * uniform circular pupil is the normalized autocorrelation of the pupil,\n *   H(ρ) = (2/π)·(acos ρ − ρ·√(1 − ρ²)),  ρ = |f|/f_c ≤ 1,  f_c = 1/(λ·N_w),\n * and the intensity PSF is its inverse Fourier transform (the Airy pattern, first zero at 1.21967·λ·N_w)\n * (MIT OpenCourseWare 2.71 Optics, Spring 2009, lectures 21–22, free: the intensity PSF as the transform of\n * the pupil autocorrelation and the circular-pupil MTF; also see: Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics,\n * 4th ed., 2017, §6.3).\n *\n * **Cell integration (exact, no Bessel functions).** Kernel sample (i, j) is the PSF energy inside the\n * square cell of side p centred on (i·p, j·p). The cell integral is the PSF convolved with the cell's\n * indicator, evaluated at the cell centre, so in the frequency domain\n *   K(i, j) = p² ∫∫ H(|f|/f_c)·sinc(p·f_x)·sinc(p·f_y)·cos(2π·p·i·f_x)·cos(2π·p·j·f_y) d²f,\n * with sinc(x) = sin(πx)/(πx) (the sine terms vanish because H is even). It is evaluated in polar\n * coordinates: a trapezoid rule in angle (exponentially convergent for this smooth periodic integrand) and\n * Gauss–Legendre in t with ρ = 1 − t², which removes the (1 − ρ)^{3/2} edge behaviour of H. The node counts\n * follow from the integrand's bandwidth with a fixed margin; the tests check convergence by doubling them and\n * check the values against an independent real-space integration of `calculateIdealPolygonDiffractionPsf` in\n * its many-blade (circular) limit. The sum of all cells is exactly 1 (Parseval), so the energy captured by\n * the finite kernel is Σ K over its window and the truncated energy is 1 − Σ K.\n *\n * **Truncation and normalization.** The kernel is the (2R+1)² window of cells. The Airy tails fall only as\n * r⁻³, so a finite window always misses some energy: it is reported per wavelength, and the window is then\n * renormalized to unit sum because the sampled-profile contract requires unit-energy kernels. The missing\n * tail energy is thereby put back inside the window (an approximation that slightly raises low-frequency\n * contrast compared with the untruncated pattern).\n *\n * **Approximations (labelled):** scalar (no polarization), aberration-free, uniform pupil amplitude, exactly in\n * focus (no defocus), thin lens with unity pupil magnification, the on-axis PSF used across the declared field\n * (isoplanatic), PSF energy binned into the sample cells, finite window renormalized. Not a measured lens.\n * @see docs/PSF_FOUNDATION.md, \"Diffraction-limited sampled profile (2.1)\".\n */\n\nimport { approximationResult, type CalculationResult } from \"../core/calculation-result.js\";\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\nimport { requireAllowlistedRecord } from \"../core/record-validation.js\";\nimport type { EvidenceProvenance } from \"../core/evidence-provenance.js\";\nimport type { FocusPlane } from \"./focus-state.js\";\nimport { calculateThinLensImageDistance } from \"./thin-lens.js\";\nimport { parseLensSampledPsfProfile, type LensSampledPsfProfile } from \"./lens-psf-profile.js\";\n\nexport const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL = Object.freeze({\n  modelId: \"photivra-diffraction-limited-circular-pupil-psf\" as const, modelVersion: \"1.0.0\" as const });\n/** Input limits: at most 64 wavelengths, kernel radius 0–32 samples (the irradiance-convolution limit). */\nexport const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS = Object.freeze({ maximumWavelengths: 64, maximumKernelRadiusSamples: 32 });\n/** Radius of the first dark ring of the Airy pattern in units of λ·N_w: j₁,₁/π, j₁,₁ = 3.8317059702 (first zero of J₁). */\nconst AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N = 3.8317059702075125 / Math.PI;\n\nexport interface CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput {\n  /** Only `circular` in 2.1.0 (polygon pupils: `calculateIdealPolygonDiffractionPsf` gives point densities). */\n  aperture: \"circular\";\n  focalLengthMm: number;\n  apertureFNumber: number;\n  focus: FocusPlane;\n  /** Strictly increasing wavelengths, nm, in the medium of propagation (no air/vacuum conversion is applied). 1–64. */\n  wavelengthsNm: readonly number[];\n  /** Square sample pitch of every kernel, µm. */\n  samplePitchMicrometers: number;\n  /** Kernel half-width in samples; each kernel is (2R + 1)². 0–32. */\n  kernelRadiusSamples: number;\n  /** Half-extent of the image field over which the on-axis PSF is declared (profile field axes ±x, ±y), mm. */\n  fieldHalfExtentMm: { x: number; y: number };\n  profileId: string;\n}\n\nexport interface DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength {\n  wavelengthNm: number;\n  /** f_c = 1/(λ·N_w), cycles per µm. */\n  cutoffFrequencyCyclesPerMicrometer: number;\n  /** 1.21967·λ·N_w, µm. */\n  firstZeroRadiusMicrometers: number;\n  /** Σ of the cell energies inside the window before renormalization (of a total of 1). */\n  capturedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /** 1 − capturedEnergyFraction: the Airy tail energy outside the window, put back by renormalization. */\n  truncatedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /** Fraction of the renormalized kernel in the centre sample. */\n  centreSampleFraction: number;\n}\n\nexport interface DiffractionLimitedPsfProfile {\n  profile: LensSampledPsfProfile;\n  model: typeof DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL;\n  pupilDiameterMm: number;\n  pupilToImageDistanceMm: number;\n  workingFNumber: number;\n  kernelRadiusSamples: number;\n  samplePitchMicrometers: number;\n  wavelengths: readonly DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength[];\n  /** Largest truncated energy over the wavelengths. */\n  maximumTruncatedEnergyFraction: number;\n  quadrature: { method: \"polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre\"; maximumRadialNodes: number; maximumAngularNodes: number };\n}\n\nconst EVIDENCE: readonly EvidenceProvenance[] = Object.freeze([Object.freeze({ sourceOrigin: \"photivra\" as const,\n  sourceReference: \"photivra:diffraction-limited-psf-profile\", reuseStatus: \"photivra-owned\" as const })]);\nconst LIMITATIONS = Object.freeze([\n  \"Scalar Fraunhofer diffraction of an ideal, uniformly lit circular pupil (Airy pattern); no aberration, apodization, polarization or stray light.\",\n  \"Exactly in focus: no defocus or depth of field. Thin lens with unity pupil magnification; the pupil-to-image distance is the thin-lens image distance.\",\n  \"The on-axis PSF is declared unchanged across the field (isoplanatic); no field-dependent aberration or pupil clipping.\",\n  \"PSF energy is binned into square sample cells; the finite window misses the Airy tail energy listed per wavelength and is renormalized to unit sum.\",\n  \"Wavelengths are used as given, in the declared basis, without air/vacuum conversion.\"\n]);\n\nfunction positive(value: unknown, name: string): number {\n  if (typeof value !== \"number\" || !Number.isFinite(value) || value <= 0) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(name + \" must be a positive finite number.\");\n  return value;\n}\n\n/** Gauss–Legendre nodes and weights on [0, 1] (Newton iteration on Pₙ; DLMF §3.5(v)). Cached per n. */\nconst GAUSS_LEGENDRE = new Map<number, { nodes: Float64Array; weights: Float64Array }>();\nfunction gaussLegendre(n: number): { nodes: Float64Array; weights: Float64Array } {\n  const cached = GAUSS_LEGENDRE.get(n);\n  if (cached) return cached;\n  const nodes = new Float64Array(n), weights = new Float64Array(n);\n  for (let k = 0; k < Math.ceil(n / 2); k++) {\n    let x = Math.cos(Math.PI * (k + 0.75) / (n + 0.5));\n    for (let iteration = 0; iteration < 100; iteration++) {\n      let p0 = 1, p1 = x;\n      for (let m = 2; m <= n; m++) { const p2 = ((2 * m - 1) * x * p1 - (m - 1) * p0) / m; p0 = p1; p1 = p2; }\n      const step = p1 / (n * (x * p1 - p0) / (x * x - 1));\n      x -= step;\n      if (Math.abs(step) < 1e-16) break;\n    }\n    let p0 = 1, p1 = x;\n    for (let m = 2; m <= n; m++) { const p2 = ((2 * m - 1) * x * p1 - (m - 1) * p0) / m; p0 = p1; p1 = p2; }\n    const derivative = n * (x * p1 - p0) / (x * x - 1);\n    const w = 1 / ((1 - x * x) * derivative * derivative);\n    // Map [-1, 1] to [0, 1]: t = (1 ± x)/2, weight w (2/(1-x²)P'² halved).\n    nodes[k] = (1 - x) / 2; weights[k] = w;\n    nodes[n - 1 - k] = (1 + x) / 2; weights[n - 1 - k] = w;\n  }\n  const result = { nodes, weights };\n  if (GAUSS_LEGENDRE.size < 64) GAUSS_LEGENDRE.set(n, result);\n  return result;\n}\nfunction sinc(x: number): number {\n  if (x === 0) return 1;\n  const a = Math.PI * x;\n  return Math.sin(a) / a;\n}\n\n/**\n * Cell energies K(i, j), 0 ≤ i, j ≤ R, of the Airy pattern for β = p·f_c (cell side in units of the cut-off\n * period). `scale` multiplies the node counts (1 in production; the tests use 2 to check convergence).\n */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergies(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; radialNodes: number; angularNodes: number } {\n  // Bandwidth of the angular and radial integrands: c = π·β·(2R + 1)·√2 (the sinc factors and the highest cosine).\n  const c = Math.PI * beta * (2 * radius + 1) * Math.SQRT2, margin = 10 * Math.cbrt(c) + 24;\n  const quarter = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin) / 4), radialNodes = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin));\n  const { nodes, weights } = gaussLegendre(radialNodes), size = radius + 1, cells = new Float64Array(size * size);\n  const ca = new Float64Array(size), cb = new Float64Array(size), angularStep = (Math.PI / 2) / quarter;\n  for (let r = 0; r < radialNodes; r++) {\n    const t = nodes[r]!, rho = 1 - t * t;\n    // H(1 − t²) without cancellation: acos(1 − t²) = 2·asin(t/√2), ρ·√(1 − ρ²) = ρ·t·√(2 − t²).\n    const otf = (2 / Math.PI) * (2 * Math.asin(t / Math.SQRT2) - rho * t * Math.sqrt(2 - t * t));\n    // ∫₀¹ g(ρ) dρ = ∫₀¹ g(1 − t²)·2t dt; the 4 is the four symmetric quadrants of the angular trapezoid.\n    const radialWeight = weights[r]! * 2 * t * rho * otf * 4 * angularStep;\n    for (let k = 0; k <= quarter; k++) {\n      const theta = k * angularStep, x = beta * rho * Math.cos(theta), y = beta * rho * Math.sin(theta);\n      const w = radialWeight * (k === 0 || k === quarter ? 0.5 : 1) * sinc(x) * sinc(y);\n      // cos(2π·i·x) and cos(2π·j·y) by the Chebyshev recurrence.\n      const cx = Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * x), cy = Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * y);\n      ca[0] = 1; cb[0] = 1;\n      if (size > 1) { ca[1] = cx; cb[1] = cy; }\n      for (let i = 2; i < size; i++) { ca[i] = 2 * cx * ca[i - 1]! - ca[i - 2]!; cb[i] = 2 * cy * cb[i - 1]! - cb[i - 2]!; }\n      for (let j = 0; j < size; j++) {\n        const wj = w * cb[j]!;\n        for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) { const o = j * size + i; cells[o] = cells[o]! + wj * ca[i]!; }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n  const area = beta * beta;\n  for (let i = 0; i < cells.length; i++) cells[i] = cells[i]! * area;\n  return { cells, radialNodes, angularNodes: 4 * quarter };\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a sampled lens PSF profile for an ideal diffraction-limited lens with a circular pupil: one\n * unit-sum Airy kernel per wavelength on one shared (2R+1)² grid, with the truncated energy reported per\n * wavelength. The profile declares the given focal length, f-number and focus exactly, and the field axes\n * ±`fieldHalfExtentMm` with the same kernel at every field node.\n * @param input - See `CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput`.\n * @returns The profile and its diffraction record. An approximation; not a measured lens.\n * @see docs/PSF_FOUNDATION.md, \"Diffraction-limited sampled profile (2.1)\".\n */\nexport function createDiffractionLimitedPsfProfile(input: CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput): CalculationResult<DiffractionLimitedPsfProfile> {\n  const r = requireAllowlistedRecord(input, [\"aperture\", \"focalLengthMm\", \"apertureFNumber\", \"focus\", \"wavelengthsNm\", \"samplePitchMicrometers\",\n    \"kernelRadiusSamples\", \"fieldHalfExtentMm\", \"profileId\"], \"Invalid diffraction-limited PSF profile input.\");\n  if (r.aperture !== \"circular\") throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"aperture must be \\\"circular\\\".\");\n  const focalLengthMm = positive(r.focalLengthMm, \"focalLengthMm\"), fNumber = positive(r.apertureFNumber, \"apertureFNumber\");\n  const pitch = positive(r.samplePitchMicrometers, \"samplePitchMicrometers\");\n  const L = DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS;\n  const radius = r.kernelRadiusSamples;\n  if (typeof radius !== \"number\" || !Number.isSafeInteger(radius) || radius < 0 || radius > L.maximumKernelRadiusSamples) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"kernelRadiusSamples must be an integer from 0 to \" + L.maximumKernelRadiusSamples + \".\");\n  }\n  const focus = requireAllowlistedRecord(r.focus, [\"kind\", \"distanceM\"], \"Invalid focus.\");\n  let focusDiopters: number, distanceMm: number;\n  if (focus.kind === \"infinity\") {\n    if (focus.distanceM !== undefined) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"An infinity focus has no distanceM.\");\n    focusDiopters = 0; distanceMm = focalLengthMm;\n  } else if (focus.kind === \"finite\") {\n    const distanceM = positive(focus.distanceM, \"focus.distanceM\");\n    focusDiopters = 1 / distanceM;\n    distanceMm = calculateThinLensImageDistance({ focalLengthMm, objectDistanceM: distanceM }).value.imageDistanceMm;\n  } else throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"focus.kind must be finite or infinity.\");\n  const field = requireAllowlistedRecord(r.fieldHalfExtentMm, [\"x\", \"y\"], \"Invalid fieldHalfExtentMm.\");\n  const fieldX = positive(field.x, \"fieldHalfExtentMm.x\"), fieldY = positive(field.y, \"fieldHalfExtentMm.y\");\n  const list = r.wavelengthsNm;\n  if (!Array.isArray(list) || list.length < 1 || list.length > L.maximumWavelengths) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"wavelengthsNm must list 1 to 64 wavelengths.\");\n  const wavelengths = (list as unknown[]).map((value, index) => positive(value, \"wavelengthsNm[\" + index + \"]\"));\n  for (let i = 1; i < wavelengths.length; i++) if (!(wavelengths[i]! > wavelengths[i - 1]!)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"wavelengthsNm must be strictly increasing.\");\n  if (typeof r.profileId !== \"string\" || !/^[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9._:-]{0,127}$/.test(r.profileId)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"profileId must be a public opaque ID.\");\n\n  const pupilDiameterMm = focalLengthMm / fNumber, workingFNumber = distanceMm / pupilDiameterMm, size = 2 * radius + 1;\n  let maximumRadialNodes = 0, maximumAngularNodes = 0, maximumTruncated = 0;\n  const records: DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength[] = [], kernels: number[][] = [];\n  for (const nm of wavelengths) {\n    const lambdaN = nm / 1000 * workingFNumber, cutoff = 1 / lambdaN;\n    const airy = calculateAiryCellEnergies(pitch * cutoff, radius);\n    maximumRadialNodes = Math.max(maximumRadialNodes, airy.radialNodes); maximumAngularNodes = Math.max(maximumAngularNodes, airy.angularNodes);\n    const values: number[] = new Array(size * size);\n    let captured = 0;\n    for (let ky = 0; ky < size; ky++) for (let kx = 0; kx < size; kx++) {\n      const value = airy.cells[Math.abs(ky - radius) * (radius + 1) + Math.abs(kx - radius)]!;\n      // Every cell energy of a non-negative PSF is positive; a negative value would be a quadrature failure.\n      if (!(value > -1e-13)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Diffraction cell integration failed to converge.\");\n      values[ky * size + kx] = Math.max(0, value);\n      captured += values[ky * size + kx]!;\n    }\n    if (!(captured > 0 && captured <= 1 + 1e-9)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Diffraction cell integration failed to converge.\");\n    const truncated = Math.max(0, 1 - captured);\n    maximumTruncated = Math.max(maximumTruncated, truncated);\n    const kernel = values.map((v) => v / captured);\n    kernels.push(kernel);\n    records.push({ wavelengthNm: nm, cutoffFrequencyCyclesPerMicrometer: cutoff, firstZeroRadiusMicrometers: AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N * lambdaN,\n      capturedEnergyFraction: captured, truncatedEnergyFraction: truncated, centreSampleFraction: kernel[radius * size + radius]! });\n  }\n  const uncertainty = { kind: \"not-quantified\" as const, limitation: \"Ideal diffraction-limited model; no measured lens or quadrature error bound.\" };\n  const nodes = [-fieldX, fieldX].flatMap((fx) => [-fieldY, fieldY].flatMap((fy) => wavelengths.map((nm, index) => ({\n    nodeId: \"airy-\" + (fx < 0 ? \"xm\" : \"xp\") + \"-\" + (fy < 0 ? \"ym\" : \"yp\") + \"-\" + index,\n    coordinate: { focalLengthMm, focusDiopters, apertureFNumber: fNumber, fieldXmm: fx, fieldYmm: fy, wavelengthNm: nm, signedDefocusImagePlaneMicrometers: 0 },\n    kernel: { widthSamples: size, heightSamples: size, samplePitchMicrometersX: pitch, samplePitchMicrometersY: pitch, centerSampleX: radius, centerSampleY: radius,\n      normalizedIntensity: kernels[index]! },\n    bestFocusImagePlaneOffsetMicrometers: 0, relativePupilThroughputFactor: 1, evidence: EVIDENCE, uncertainty }))));\n  const profile = parseLensSampledPsfProfile({ schemaVersion: \"0.1.0\", profileId: r.profileId, profileVersion: DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion,\n    scientificStatus: \"approximation\", opticalDomain: \"lens-primary-optical-path-only\", coordinateSystem: \"image-plane-metric\", fieldAxes: \"+X right, +Y up\",\n    kernelEnergyNormalization: \"unit-energy-shape\", interpolation: \"bounded-regular-grid-multilinear\", throughputOwnership: \"separate-relative-pupil-throughput-factor\",\n    responseIncludes: { diffraction: true, aberration: false, defocus: false, pupilClippingShape: false },\n    sensorOpticalStackIncluded: false, sensorSamplingIncluded: false, reconstructionIncluded: false, strayLightIncluded: false,\n    axes: { focalLengthMm: [focalLengthMm], focusDiopters: [focusDiopters], apertureFNumber: [fNumber], fieldXmm: [-fieldX, fieldX], fieldYmm: [-fieldY, fieldY],\n      wavelengthNm: wavelengths, signedDefocusImagePlaneMicrometers: [0] },\n    nodes, evidence: EVIDENCE, limitations: [...LIMITATIONS] });\n  return approximationResult({ profile, model: DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL, pupilDiameterMm, pupilToImageDistanceMm: distanceMm, workingFNumber,\n    kernelRadiusSamples: radius, samplePitchMicrometers: pitch, wavelengths: records, maximumTruncatedEnergyFraction: maximumTruncated,\n    quadrature: { method: \"polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre\" as const, maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes } },\n  DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelId, DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion, [...LIMITATIONS]);\n}\n"]}
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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * Builds a `LensSampledPsfProfile` for an ideal, aberration-free, in-focus lens with a uniformly lit\n * circular pupil: the Airy pattern of scalar Fraunhofer diffraction, one unit-sum kernel per declared\n * wavelength on ONE shared sample grid (2.1.0).\n *\n * **Model.** The pupil diameter is D = f/N (entrance pupil = exit pupil, unity pupil magnification) and\n * the pupil-to-image distance z is the thin-lens image distance for the focus (f at infinity), so the\n * image-side (working) f-number is N_w = z/D. The incoherent optical transfer function (OTF) of a\n * uniform circular pupil is the normalized autocorrelation of the pupil,\n *   H(ρ) = (2/π)·(acos ρ − ρ·√(1 − ρ²)),  ρ = |f|/f_c ≤ 1,  f_c = 1/(λ·N_w),\n * and the intensity PSF is its inverse Fourier transform (the Airy pattern, first zero at 1.21967·λ·N_w)\n * (MIT OpenCourseWare 2.71 Optics, Spring 2009, lectures 21–22, free: the intensity PSF as the transform of\n * the pupil autocorrelation and the circular-pupil MTF; also see: Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics,\n * 4th ed., 2017, §6.3).\n *\n * **Cell integration (exact, no Bessel functions).** Kernel sample (i, j) is the PSF energy inside the\n * square cell of side p centred on (i·p, j·p). The cell integral is the PSF convolved with the cell's\n * indicator, evaluated at the cell centre, so in the frequency domain\n *   K(i, j) = p² ∫∫ H(|f|/f_c)·sinc(p·f_x)·sinc(p·f_y)·cos(2π·p·i·f_x)·cos(2π·p·j·f_y) d²f,\n * with sinc(x) = sin(πx)/(πx) (the sine terms vanish because H is even). It is evaluated in polar\n * coordinates: a trapezoid rule in angle (exponentially convergent for this smooth periodic integrand) and\n * Gauss–Legendre in t with ρ = 1 − t², which removes the (1 − ρ)^{3/2} edge behaviour of H. The node counts\n * follow from the integrand's bandwidth with a fixed margin; the tests check convergence by doubling them and\n * check the values against an independent real-space integration of `calculateIdealPolygonDiffractionPsf` in\n * its many-blade (circular) limit. The sum of all cells is exactly 1 (Parseval), so the energy captured by\n * the finite kernel is Σ K over its window and the truncated energy is 1 − Σ K.\n *\n * **Cells much larger than the pattern (2.5).** The frequency-domain node counts grow with β = p·f_c (the cell\n * side over the cut-off period), so the work grows as β². From β ≥ `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA` (192) the cells\n * are integrated in real space instead, with the same model and no frequency integral: the Airy encircled energy is\n * EE(r) = 1 − J₀(x)² − J₁(x)², x = π·r·f_c (it follows from J₀′ = −J₁ and J₁′ = J₀ − J₁/x, DLMF §10.6(i), free), so\n * the energy of the rectangle [0, X] × [0, Y] is (1/2π)∫ EE(r_edge(θ)) dθ over its quadrant, a one-dimensional\n * integral in θ. Every cell is a signed sum of such rectangles. x ≥ π·β/2 ≥ 301 there, where J₀ and J₁ come from\n * the Hankel asymptotic expansion (DLMF §10.17(i), eq. 10.17.3, free) with eight terms in each of P and Q; the\n * remainder is below the first neglected term (DLMF §10.17(iii)), under 1e-17. The θ integral uses 16-point\n * Gauss–Legendre panels on which the phase 2x changes by at most 2 radians, so the work grows only as β. The tests\n * check the two methods against each other where both are practical (β from 192 to 400), the real-space cells\n * against the asymptotic leakage 8√2/(π³·β) of the centre cell, and convergence under doubled panel counts.\n * The β threshold lies above every β a `simulateCapture` pitch up to 100 µm can reach (at most 100/(0.3805·1.4) ≈ 188),\n * so those captures keep the frequency-domain values unchanged.\n *\n * **Truncation and normalization.** The kernel is the (2R+1)² window of cells. The Airy tails fall only as\n * r⁻³, so a finite window always misses some energy: it is reported per wavelength, and the window is then\n * renormalized to unit sum because the sampled-profile contract requires unit-energy kernels. The missing\n * tail energy is thereby put back inside the window (an approximation that slightly raises low-frequency\n * contrast compared with the untruncated pattern).\n *\n * **Approximations (labelled):** scalar (no polarization), aberration-free, uniform pupil amplitude, exactly in\n * focus (no defocus), thin lens with unity pupil magnification, the on-axis PSF used across the declared field\n * (isoplanatic), PSF energy binned into the sample cells, finite window renormalized. Not a measured lens.\n * @see docs/PSF_FOUNDATION.md, \"Diffraction-limited sampled profile (2.1)\".\n */\n\nimport { approximationResult, type CalculationResult } from \"../core/calculation-result.js\";\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\nimport { requireAllowlistedRecord } from \"../core/record-validation.js\";\nimport type { EvidenceProvenance } from \"../core/evidence-provenance.js\";\nimport type { FocusPlane } from \"./focus-state.js\";\nimport { calculateThinLensImageDistance } from \"./thin-lens.js\";\nimport { parseLensSampledPsfProfile, type LensSampledPsfProfile } from \"./lens-psf-profile.js\";\n\nexport const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL = Object.freeze({\n  modelId: \"photivra-diffraction-limited-circular-pupil-psf\" as const, modelVersion: \"1.0.0\" as const });\n/** Input limits: at most 64 wavelengths, kernel radius 0–32 samples (the irradiance-convolution limit). */\nexport const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS = Object.freeze({ maximumWavelengths: 64, maximumKernelRadiusSamples: 32 });\n/**\n * Internal: β = p·f_c (cell side over the cut-off period) from which `calculateAiryCellEnergies` integrates the cells in\n * real space (2.5). Above every β of a `simulateCapture` pitch up to 100 µm, whose captures keep the frequency-domain values.\n */\nexport const AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA = 192;\n/** Radius of the first dark ring of the Airy pattern in units of λ·N_w: j₁,₁/π, j₁,₁ = 3.8317059702 (first zero of J₁). */\nconst AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N = 3.8317059702075125 / Math.PI;\n\nexport interface CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput {\n  /** Only `circular` in 2.1.0 (polygon pupils: `calculateIdealPolygonDiffractionPsf` gives point densities). */\n  aperture: \"circular\";\n  focalLengthMm: number;\n  apertureFNumber: number;\n  focus: FocusPlane;\n  /** Strictly increasing wavelengths, nm, in the medium of propagation (no air/vacuum conversion is applied). 1–64. */\n  wavelengthsNm: readonly number[];\n  /** Square sample pitch of every kernel, µm. */\n  samplePitchMicrometers: number;\n  /** Kernel half-width in samples; each kernel is (2R + 1)². 0–32. */\n  kernelRadiusSamples: number;\n  /** Half-extent of the image field over which the on-axis PSF is declared (profile field axes ±x, ±y), mm. */\n  fieldHalfExtentMm: { x: number; y: number };\n  profileId: string;\n}\n\nexport interface DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength {\n  wavelengthNm: number;\n  /** f_c = 1/(λ·N_w), cycles per µm. */\n  cutoffFrequencyCyclesPerMicrometer: number;\n  /** 1.21967·λ·N_w, µm. */\n  firstZeroRadiusMicrometers: number;\n  /** Σ of the cell energies inside the window before renormalization (of a total of 1). */\n  capturedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /** 1 − capturedEnergyFraction: the Airy tail energy outside the window, put back by renormalization. */\n  truncatedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /** Fraction of the renormalized kernel in the centre sample. */\n  centreSampleFraction: number;\n}\n\nexport interface DiffractionLimitedPsfProfile {\n  profile: LensSampledPsfProfile;\n  model: typeof DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL;\n  pupilDiameterMm: number;\n  pupilToImageDistanceMm: number;\n  workingFNumber: number;\n  kernelRadiusSamples: number;\n  samplePitchMicrometers: number;\n  wavelengths: readonly DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength[];\n  /** Largest truncated energy over the wavelengths. */\n  maximumTruncatedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /**\n   * How the cells were integrated. 2.5: wavelengths with β = p·f_c ≥ 192 (cells far larger than the pattern) use the real-space\n   * encircled-energy method; `realSpaceWavelengthsNm` lists them, and `method` is `\"frequency-domain-and-real-space\"` when both ran.\n   * `maximumRadialNodes` counts frequency-domain radial nodes (0 when only the real-space method ran); `maximumAngularNodes` the\n   * angular nodes of either method (for the real-space method, all θ nodes of one wavelength).\n   */\n  quadrature: { method: \"polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre\" | \"real-space-encircled-energy-gauss-legendre\" | \"frequency-domain-and-real-space\";\n    maximumRadialNodes: number; maximumAngularNodes: number; realSpaceWavelengthsNm?: readonly number[] };\n}\n\nconst EVIDENCE: readonly EvidenceProvenance[] = Object.freeze([Object.freeze({ sourceOrigin: \"photivra\" as const,\n  sourceReference: \"photivra:diffraction-limited-psf-profile\", reuseStatus: \"photivra-owned\" as const })]);\nconst LIMITATIONS = Object.freeze([\n  \"Scalar Fraunhofer diffraction of an ideal, uniformly lit circular pupil (Airy pattern); no aberration, apodization, polarization or stray light.\",\n  \"Exactly in focus: no defocus or depth of field. Thin lens with unity pupil magnification; the pupil-to-image distance is the thin-lens image distance.\",\n  \"The on-axis PSF is declared unchanged across the field (isoplanatic); no field-dependent aberration or pupil clipping.\",\n  \"PSF energy is binned into square sample cells; the finite window misses the Airy tail energy listed per wavelength and is renormalized to unit sum.\",\n  \"Wavelengths are used as given, in the declared basis, without air/vacuum conversion.\"\n]);\n\nfunction positive(value: unknown, name: string): number {\n  if (typeof value !== \"number\" || !Number.isFinite(value) || value <= 0) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(name + \" must be a positive finite number.\");\n  return value;\n}\n\n/** Gauss–Legendre nodes and weights on [0, 1] (Newton iteration on Pₙ; DLMF §3.5(v)). Cached per n. */\nconst GAUSS_LEGENDRE = new Map<number, { nodes: Float64Array; weights: Float64Array }>();\nfunction gaussLegendre(n: number): { nodes: Float64Array; weights: Float64Array } {\n  const cached = GAUSS_LEGENDRE.get(n);\n  if (cached) return cached;\n  const nodes = new Float64Array(n), weights = new Float64Array(n);\n  for (let k = 0; k < Math.ceil(n / 2); k++) {\n    let x = Math.cos(Math.PI * (k + 0.75) / (n + 0.5));\n    for (let iteration = 0; iteration < 100; iteration++) {\n      let p0 = 1, p1 = x;\n      for (let m = 2; m <= n; m++) { const p2 = ((2 * m - 1) * x * p1 - (m - 1) * p0) / m; p0 = p1; p1 = p2; }\n      const step = p1 / (n * (x * p1 - p0) / (x * x - 1));\n      x -= step;\n      if (Math.abs(step) < 1e-16) break;\n    }\n    let p0 = 1, p1 = x;\n    for (let m = 2; m <= n; m++) { const p2 = ((2 * m - 1) * x * p1 - (m - 1) * p0) / m; p0 = p1; p1 = p2; }\n    const derivative = n * (x * p1 - p0) / (x * x - 1);\n    const w = 1 / ((1 - x * x) * derivative * derivative);\n    // Map [-1, 1] to [0, 1]: t = (1 ± x)/2, weight w (2/(1-x²)P'² halved).\n    nodes[k] = (1 - x) / 2; weights[k] = w;\n    nodes[n - 1 - k] = (1 + x) / 2; weights[n - 1 - k] = w;\n  }\n  const result = { nodes, weights };\n  if (GAUSS_LEGENDRE.size < 64) GAUSS_LEGENDRE.set(n, result);\n  return result;\n}\nfunction sinc(x: number): number {\n  if (x === 0) return 1;\n  const a = Math.PI * x;\n  return Math.sin(a) / a;\n}\n\n/**\n * Cell energies K(i, j), 0 ≤ i, j ≤ R, of the Airy pattern for β = p·f_c (cell side in units of the cut-off\n * period): in the frequency domain below `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA`, in real space from it (2.5). `scale`\n * multiplies the node or panel counts (1 in production; the tests use 2 to check convergence).\n */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergies(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; radialNodes: number; angularNodes: number; realSpace: boolean } {\n  return beta >= AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA ? { ...calculateAiryCellEnergiesInRealSpace(beta, radius, scale), radialNodes: 0, realSpace: true } :\n    { ...calculateAiryCellEnergiesInFrequencyDomain(beta, radius, scale), realSpace: false };\n}\n\n/** Hankel asymptotic coefficients a_k(ν) of DLMF 10.17.1 for ν = 0 and 1, k = 0..15. */\nconst HANKEL = ((): { a0: Float64Array; a1: Float64Array } => {\n  const a0 = new Float64Array(16), a1 = new Float64Array(16);\n  a0[0] = 1; a1[0] = 1;\n  for (let k = 1; k < 16; k++) {\n    const odd = (2 * k - 1) * (2 * k - 1);\n    a0[k] = a0[k - 1]! * (0 - odd) / (8 * k);\n    a1[k] = a1[k - 1]! * (4 - odd) / (8 * k);\n  }\n  return { a0, a1 };\n})();\n/** Smallest argument of `besselSquareSum`: there the 16-term expansion's remainder is below 1e-17. */\nconst HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT = 300;\n\n/**\n * J₀(x)² + J₁(x)² for x ≥ 300 from the Hankel expansion J_ν(x) = √(2/(πx))·(P_ν cos ω_ν − Q_ν sin ω_ν), ω_ν = x − νπ/2 − π/4,\n * P_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k(ν)/x^2k, Q_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k+1(ν)/x^2k+1 (DLMF 10.17.3), eight terms each. With ω₁ = ω₀ − π/2,\n * J₁ = √(2/(πx))·(P₁ sin ω₀ + Q₁ cos ω₀). Internal.\n */\nexport function besselSquareSum(x: number): number {\n  if (!(x >= HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"The Hankel expansion of J0 and J1 needs an argument of at least 300.\");\n  const { a0, a1 } = HANKEL, inverse = 1 / x;\n  let p0 = 0, q0 = 0, p1 = 0, q1 = 0, power = 1;\n  for (let k = 0; k < 16; k++) {\n    const sign = (k >> 1) % 2 === 0 ? 1 : -1;\n    if (k % 2 === 0) { p0 += sign * a0[k]! * power; p1 += sign * a1[k]! * power; } else { q0 += sign * a0[k]! * power; q1 += sign * a1[k]! * power; }\n    power *= inverse;\n  }\n  const omega = x - Math.PI / 4, c = Math.cos(omega), s = Math.sin(omega);\n  const j0 = p0 * c - q0 * s, j1 = p1 * s + q1 * c;\n  return 2 / (Math.PI * x) * (j0 * j0 + j1 * j1);\n}\n\n/**\n * Real-space cell energies (2.5): see the module comment. G(Z, φ) = ∫₀^φ [J₀² + J₁²](π·β·Z/cos θ) dθ for cell boundaries at\n * half-integer distances Z (in cells), accumulated along θ for each Z with every needed φ = atan(W/Z) as a panel boundary.\n * The rectangle [0, X] × [0, Y] holds 1/4 − (G(X, atan(Y/X)) + G(Y, atan(X/Y)))/(2π) of the energy. Internal.\n */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergiesInRealSpace(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; angularNodes: number } {\n  const size = radius + 1, table = new Float64Array(size * size), { nodes, weights } = gaussLegendre(16);\n  let angularNodes = 0;\n  for (let z = 0; z < size; z++) {\n    const Z = z + 0.5, k = Math.PI * beta * Z;\n    let sum = 0, t0 = 1, theta0 = 0;\n    for (let w = 0; w < size; w++) {\n      // Panels equal in t = 1/cos θ, so the phase 2x = 2kt changes by at most 2 radians on each.\n      const t1 = Math.hypot(Z, w + 0.5) / Z, theta1 = Math.atan2(w + 0.5, Z), panels = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(scale * k * (t1 - t0)));\n      let a = theta0;\n      for (let n = 1; n <= panels; n++) {\n        const b = n === panels ? theta1 : Math.acos(1 / (t0 + (t1 - t0) * n / panels)), h = b - a;\n        let panel = 0;\n        for (let g = 0; g < 16; g++) panel += weights[g]! * besselSquareSum(k / Math.cos(a + h * nodes[g]!));\n        sum += panel * h;\n        a = b;\n      }\n      angularNodes += 16 * panels;\n      table[z * size + w] = sum;\n      t0 = t1; theta0 = theta1;\n    }\n  }\n  // Boundaries of cell i along one axis as (half-integer index, weight): the centre cell is twice [0, 1/2].\n  const bounds = (i: number): [number, number][] => i === 0 ? [[0, 2]] : [[i, 1], [i - 1, -1]];\n  const cells = new Float64Array(size * size);\n  for (let j = 0; j < size; j++) for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {\n    let constant = 0, leak = 0;\n    for (const [a, wa] of bounds(i)) for (const [b, wb] of bounds(j)) {\n      constant += wa * wb;\n      leak += wa * wb * (table[a * size + b]! + table[b * size + a]!);\n    }\n    cells[j * size + i] = constant / 4 - leak / (2 * Math.PI);\n  }\n  return { cells, angularNodes };\n}\n\n/** Frequency-domain cell energies (2.1; see the module comment). Internal. */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergiesInFrequencyDomain(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; radialNodes: number; angularNodes: number } {\n  // Bandwidth of the angular and radial integrands: c = π·β·(2R + 1)·√2 (the sinc factors and the highest cosine).\n  const c = Math.PI * beta * (2 * radius + 1) * Math.SQRT2, margin = 10 * Math.cbrt(c) + 24;\n  const quarter = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin) / 4), radialNodes = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin));\n  const { nodes, weights } = gaussLegendre(radialNodes), size = radius + 1, cells = new Float64Array(size * size);\n  const ca = new Float64Array(size), cb = new Float64Array(size), angularStep = (Math.PI / 2) / quarter;\n  for (let r = 0; r < radialNodes; r++) {\n    const t = nodes[r]!, rho = 1 - t * t;\n    // H(1 − t²) without cancellation: acos(1 − t²) = 2·asin(t/√2), ρ·√(1 − ρ²) = ρ·t·√(2 − t²).\n    const otf = (2 / Math.PI) * (2 * Math.asin(t / Math.SQRT2) - rho * t * Math.sqrt(2 - t * t));\n    // ∫₀¹ g(ρ) dρ = ∫₀¹ g(1 − t²)·2t dt; the 4 is the four symmetric quadrants of the angular trapezoid.\n    const radialWeight = weights[r]! * 2 * t * rho * otf * 4 * angularStep;\n    for (let k = 0; k <= quarter; k++) {\n      const theta = k * angularStep, x = beta * rho * Math.cos(theta), y = beta * rho * Math.sin(theta);\n      const w = radialWeight * (k === 0 || k === quarter ? 0.5 : 1) * sinc(x) * sinc(y);\n      // cos(2π·i·x) and cos(2π·j·y) by the Chebyshev recurrence.\n      const cx = Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * x), cy = Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * y);\n      ca[0] = 1; cb[0] = 1;\n      if (size > 1) { ca[1] = cx; cb[1] = cy; }\n      for (let i = 2; i < size; i++) { ca[i] = 2 * cx * ca[i - 1]! - ca[i - 2]!; cb[i] = 2 * cy * cb[i - 1]! - cb[i - 2]!; }\n      for (let j = 0; j < size; j++) {\n        const wj = w * cb[j]!;\n        for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) { const o = j * size + i; cells[o] = cells[o]! + wj * ca[i]!; }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n  const area = beta * beta;\n  for (let i = 0; i < cells.length; i++) cells[i] = cells[i]! * area;\n  return { cells, radialNodes, angularNodes: 4 * quarter };\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a sampled lens PSF profile for an ideal diffraction-limited lens with a circular pupil: one\n * unit-sum Airy kernel per wavelength on one shared (2R+1)² grid, with the truncated energy reported per\n * wavelength. The profile declares the given focal length, f-number and focus exactly, and the field axes\n * ±`fieldHalfExtentMm` with the same kernel at every field node.\n * @param input - See `CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput`.\n * @returns The profile and its diffraction record. An approximation; not a measured lens.\n * @see docs/PSF_FOUNDATION.md, \"Diffraction-limited sampled profile (2.1)\".\n */\nexport function createDiffractionLimitedPsfProfile(input: CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput): CalculationResult<DiffractionLimitedPsfProfile> {\n  const r = requireAllowlistedRecord(input, [\"aperture\", \"focalLengthMm\", \"apertureFNumber\", \"focus\", \"wavelengthsNm\", \"samplePitchMicrometers\",\n    \"kernelRadiusSamples\", \"fieldHalfExtentMm\", \"profileId\"], \"Invalid diffraction-limited PSF profile input.\");\n  if (r.aperture !== \"circular\") throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"aperture must be \\\"circular\\\".\");\n  const focalLengthMm = positive(r.focalLengthMm, \"focalLengthMm\"), fNumber = positive(r.apertureFNumber, \"apertureFNumber\");\n  const pitch = positive(r.samplePitchMicrometers, \"samplePitchMicrometers\");\n  const L = DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS;\n  const radius = r.kernelRadiusSamples;\n  if (typeof radius !== \"number\" || !Number.isSafeInteger(radius) || radius < 0 || radius > L.maximumKernelRadiusSamples) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"kernelRadiusSamples must be an integer from 0 to \" + L.maximumKernelRadiusSamples + \".\");\n  }\n  const focus = requireAllowlistedRecord(r.focus, [\"kind\", \"distanceM\"], \"Invalid focus.\");\n  let focusDiopters: number, distanceMm: number;\n  if (focus.kind === \"infinity\") {\n    if (focus.distanceM !== undefined) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"An infinity focus has no distanceM.\");\n    focusDiopters = 0; distanceMm = focalLengthMm;\n  } else if (focus.kind === \"finite\") {\n    const distanceM = positive(focus.distanceM, \"focus.distanceM\");\n    focusDiopters = 1 / distanceM;\n    distanceMm = calculateThinLensImageDistance({ focalLengthMm, objectDistanceM: distanceM }).value.imageDistanceMm;\n  } else throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"focus.kind must be finite or infinity.\");\n  const field = requireAllowlistedRecord(r.fieldHalfExtentMm, [\"x\", \"y\"], \"Invalid fieldHalfExtentMm.\");\n  const fieldX = positive(field.x, \"fieldHalfExtentMm.x\"), fieldY = positive(field.y, \"fieldHalfExtentMm.y\");\n  const list = r.wavelengthsNm;\n  if (!Array.isArray(list) || list.length < 1 || list.length > L.maximumWavelengths) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"wavelengthsNm must list 1 to 64 wavelengths.\");\n  const wavelengths = (list as unknown[]).map((value, index) => positive(value, \"wavelengthsNm[\" + index + \"]\"));\n  for (let i = 1; i < wavelengths.length; i++) if (!(wavelengths[i]! > wavelengths[i - 1]!)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"wavelengthsNm must be strictly increasing.\");\n  if (typeof r.profileId !== \"string\" || !/^[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9._:-]{0,127}$/.test(r.profileId)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"profileId must be a public opaque ID.\");\n\n  const pupilDiameterMm = focalLengthMm / fNumber, workingFNumber = distanceMm / pupilDiameterMm, size = 2 * radius + 1;\n  let maximumRadialNodes = 0, maximumAngularNodes = 0, maximumTruncated = 0;\n  const records: DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength[] = [], kernels: number[][] = [], realSpaceWavelengthsNm: number[] = [];\n  for (const nm of wavelengths) {\n    const lambdaN = nm / 1000 * workingFNumber, cutoff = 1 / lambdaN;\n    const airy = calculateAiryCellEnergies(pitch * cutoff, radius);\n    if (airy.realSpace) realSpaceWavelengthsNm.push(nm);\n    maximumRadialNodes = Math.max(maximumRadialNodes, airy.radialNodes); maximumAngularNodes = Math.max(maximumAngularNodes, airy.angularNodes);\n    const values: number[] = new Array(size * size);\n    let captured = 0;\n    for (let ky = 0; ky < size; ky++) for (let kx = 0; kx < size; kx++) {\n      const value = airy.cells[Math.abs(ky - radius) * (radius + 1) + Math.abs(kx - radius)]!;\n      // Every cell energy of a non-negative PSF is positive; a negative value would be a quadrature failure.\n      if (!(value > -1e-13)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Diffraction cell integration failed to converge.\");\n      values[ky * size + kx] = Math.max(0, value);\n      captured += values[ky * size + kx]!;\n    }\n    if (!(captured > 0 && captured <= 1 + 1e-9)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Diffraction cell integration failed to converge.\");\n    const truncated = Math.max(0, 1 - captured);\n    maximumTruncated = Math.max(maximumTruncated, truncated);\n    const kernel = values.map((v) => v / captured);\n    kernels.push(kernel);\n    records.push({ wavelengthNm: nm, cutoffFrequencyCyclesPerMicrometer: cutoff, firstZeroRadiusMicrometers: AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N * lambdaN,\n      capturedEnergyFraction: captured, truncatedEnergyFraction: truncated, centreSampleFraction: kernel[radius * size + radius]! });\n  }\n  const uncertainty = { kind: \"not-quantified\" as const, limitation: \"Ideal diffraction-limited model; no measured lens or quadrature error bound.\" };\n  const nodes = [-fieldX, fieldX].flatMap((fx) => [-fieldY, fieldY].flatMap((fy) => wavelengths.map((nm, index) => ({\n    nodeId: \"airy-\" + (fx < 0 ? \"xm\" : \"xp\") + \"-\" + (fy < 0 ? \"ym\" : \"yp\") + \"-\" + index,\n    coordinate: { focalLengthMm, focusDiopters, apertureFNumber: fNumber, fieldXmm: fx, fieldYmm: fy, wavelengthNm: nm, signedDefocusImagePlaneMicrometers: 0 },\n    kernel: { widthSamples: size, heightSamples: size, samplePitchMicrometersX: pitch, samplePitchMicrometersY: pitch, centerSampleX: radius, centerSampleY: radius,\n      normalizedIntensity: kernels[index]! },\n    bestFocusImagePlaneOffsetMicrometers: 0, relativePupilThroughputFactor: 1, evidence: EVIDENCE, uncertainty }))));\n  const profile = parseLensSampledPsfProfile({ schemaVersion: \"0.1.0\", profileId: r.profileId, profileVersion: DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion,\n    scientificStatus: \"approximation\", opticalDomain: \"lens-primary-optical-path-only\", coordinateSystem: \"image-plane-metric\", fieldAxes: \"+X right, +Y up\",\n    kernelEnergyNormalization: \"unit-energy-shape\", interpolation: \"bounded-regular-grid-multilinear\", throughputOwnership: \"separate-relative-pupil-throughput-factor\",\n    responseIncludes: { diffraction: true, aberration: false, defocus: false, pupilClippingShape: false },\n    sensorOpticalStackIncluded: false, sensorSamplingIncluded: false, reconstructionIncluded: false, strayLightIncluded: false,\n    axes: { focalLengthMm: [focalLengthMm], focusDiopters: [focusDiopters], apertureFNumber: [fNumber], fieldXmm: [-fieldX, fieldX], fieldYmm: [-fieldY, fieldY],\n      wavelengthNm: wavelengths, signedDefocusImagePlaneMicrometers: [0] },\n    nodes, evidence: EVIDENCE, limitations: [...LIMITATIONS] });\n  return approximationResult({ profile, model: DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL, pupilDiameterMm, pupilToImageDistanceMm: distanceMm, workingFNumber,\n    kernelRadiusSamples: radius, samplePitchMicrometers: pitch, wavelengths: records, maximumTruncatedEnergyFraction: maximumTruncated,\n    quadrature: realSpaceWavelengthsNm.length === 0 ? { method: \"polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre\" as const, maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes } :\n      { method: realSpaceWavelengthsNm.length === wavelengths.length ? \"real-space-encircled-energy-gauss-legendre\" as const : \"frequency-domain-and-real-space\" as const,\n        maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes, realSpaceWavelengthsNm } },\n  DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelId, DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion, [...LIMITATIONS]);\n}\n"]}

package/dist/output/text-metadata.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/** Caller-supplied text written into JPEG, PNG and DNG outputs. Every field is optional; at least one must be set. */
+export interface OutputTextMetadata {
+    /** What the image shows. JPEG/DNG `dc:description`, PNG Description, DNG ImageDescription (appended when ASCII). */
+    description?: string;
+    /** Name and version of the caller's software. JPEG/DNG `xmp:CreatorTool`, PNG Software. */
+    software?: string;
+    /** Rights statement. JPEG/DNG `dc:rights`; the PNG keyword and DNG tag 33432 (when ASCII) of the same name. */
+    copyright?: string;
+    /** Free-text comment. JPEG COM segment and `exif:UserComment`, PNG Comment, DNG `exif:UserComment`. */
+    comment?: string;
+}
+/** Largest UTF-8 length of one metadata field, in bytes. Four escaped fields still fit one JPEG APP1 segment. */
+export declare const OUTPUT_TEXT_METADATA_MAXIMUM_BYTES = 2048;
+/**
+ * Checks caller text metadata. Returns undefined when `value` is undefined, otherwise a frozen copy with only
+ * the given fields. `path` prefixes the error messages, for example "output.metadata".
+ */
+export declare function parseOutputTextMetadata(value: unknown, path: string): Readonly<OutputTextMetadata> | undefined;
+/** One `rdf:Description` of the current resource with the given fields, declaring only the namespaces it uses. */
+export declare function xmpTextMetadataDescription(metadata: Readonly<OutputTextMetadata>): string;
+/** A complete XMP packet (`x:xmpmeta` wrapper, no `xpacket` processing instructions) holding only the text fields. */
+export declare function xmpTextMetadataPacket(metadata: Readonly<OutputTextMetadata>): Uint8Array;
+/**
+ * Returns a copy of a baseline JPEG with the text fields added: merged into its XMP APP1 packet (or a new packet
+ * after the last leading APPn segment when it has none), plus a COM segment for `comment`. Every other byte,
+ * including the entropy-coded data, is unchanged. Reads marker segments only up to SOS.
+ */
+export declare function addJpegTextMetadata(jpeg: Uint8Array, metadata: Readonly<OutputTextMetadata>): Uint8Array;
+/** The text chunks for the given fields, in the order description, software, copyright, comment. */
+export declare function pngTextMetadataChunks(metadata: Readonly<OutputTextMetadata>): Uint8Array[];
+/** Returns a copy of a PNG with one text chunk per field inserted before the first IDAT chunk. Other chunks are unchanged. */
+export declare function addPngTextMetadata(png: Uint8Array, metadata: Readonly<OutputTextMetadata>): Uint8Array;

package/dist/output/text-metadata.js

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+/**
+ * Optional caller-supplied text metadata for encoded images (2.4): a description, the creating software, a
+ * copyright notice and a comment. The engine writes the caller's text unchanged and adds no text of its own
+ * (in a DNG the description follows the existing simulated-RAW statement).
+ * Independently written from these free specifications; no third-party source was used:
+ *
+ * - JPEG: the existing XMP packet in APP1 (Adobe XMP Specification Part 3, 2020, §1.1.3: identifier
+ *   "http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/" and a UTF-8 packet of at most 65 502 bytes, §1.1.3.1). The fields are added
+ *   as one more top-level `rdf:Description` of the same resource (`rdf:about=""`): XMP Part 1 (2012, identical
+ *   to ISO 16684-1:2011) §7.4 lets properties be "arbitrarily apportioned among the rdf:Description elements"
+ *   of the single `rdf:RDF`. Mapping: `dc:description` and `dc:rights` as language alternatives with
+ *   `x-default` (Part 1 §8.3), `xmp:CreatorTool` as text (Part 1 §8.4) and `exif:UserComment` as a language
+ *   alternative (Part 2, 2022, §3.4, the Exif namespace). The comment is also a COM marker segment (ITU-T T.81
+ *   §B.2.4.5, "the interpretation is left to the application"; written as UTF-8) after the APPn segments.
+ * - PNG: one text chunk per field with the predefined keywords Description, Software, Copyright and Comment
+ *   (W3C PNG Specification, Third Edition, §11.3.3.1, Table 21). `tEXt` (§11.3.3.2; printable Latin-1 plus line
+ *   feed) when every character fits, otherwise an uncompressed `iTXt` (§11.3.3.4; UTF-8, empty language tag and
+ *   translated keyword). The chunks go before the first IDAT, as §12.9 recommends for small text.
+ * - DNG: `serializeNativeRawDng` writes the same XMP fields as a packet in TIFF tag 700 (XMP Part 3 §1.1.6,
+ *   Table 13) plus the TIFF ASCII tags that XMP Part 3 §3.2.3 maps to them.
+ *
+ * Validation: each given field is a non-empty string of at most `OUTPUT_TEXT_METADATA_MAXIMUM_BYTES` UTF-8
+ * bytes, with no unpaired UTF-16 surrogate (so it encodes to valid UTF-8 without replacement), no NUL or other
+ * C0/C1 control character except line feed, and no U+FFFE/U+FFFF (not XML 1.0 characters). Line breaks are a
+ * single line feed, as the PNG text chunks require.
+ * @see docs/QUICK_START.md "Text metadata (2.4)".
+ */
+import { InvalidConfigurationError } from "../core/configuration-error.js";
+import { pngCrc32 } from "./png-encoder.js";
+/** Largest UTF-8 length of one metadata field, in bytes. Four escaped fields still fit one JPEG APP1 segment. */
+export const OUTPUT_TEXT_METADATA_MAXIMUM_BYTES = 2048;
+const FIELDS = ["description", "software", "copyright", "comment"];
+/** PNG Third Edition §11.3.3.1 Table 21 keyword for each field: the field name with an initial capital. */
+const pngKeyword = (field) => field[0].toUpperCase() + field.slice(1);
+const XMP_IDENTIFIER = "http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\0";
+/** Largest XMP packet in one JPEG APP1 segment (XMP Part 3 §1.1.3.1). */
+const JPEG_XMP_MAXIMUM_PACKET_BYTES = 65502;
+const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+/**
+ * Checks caller text metadata. Returns undefined when `value` is undefined, otherwise a frozen copy with only
+ * the given fields. `path` prefixes the error messages, for example "output.metadata".
+ */
+export function parseOutputTextMetadata(value, path) {
+    if (value === undefined)
+        return undefined;
+    if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value))
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError(path + " must be an object.");
+    const out = {};
+    for (const key of Object.keys(value))
+        if (!FIELDS.includes(key))
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError("Unknown " + path + " field: " + key + ".");
+    for (const field of FIELDS) {
+        const text = value[field];
+        if (text === undefined)
+            continue;
+        const name = path + "." + field;
+        if (typeof text !== "string" || text.length === 0)
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError(name + " must be a non-empty string.");
+        if (/\p{Cs}/u.test(text))
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError(name + " must be valid Unicode text (it has an unpaired UTF-16 surrogate).");
+        if (text.includes("\0"))
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError(name + " must not contain NUL characters.");
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-control-regex
+        if (/[\u0001-\u0009\u000b-\u001f\u007f-\u009f￾￿]/u.test(text))
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError(name + " must not contain control characters other than line feed (\\n), or U+FFFE/U+FFFF.");
+        const bytes = encoder.encode(text).length;
+        if (bytes > OUTPUT_TEXT_METADATA_MAXIMUM_BYTES)
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError(name + " must be at most " + OUTPUT_TEXT_METADATA_MAXIMUM_BYTES + " UTF-8 bytes (it has " + bytes + ").");
+        out[field] = text;
+    }
+    if (Object.keys(out).length === 0)
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError(path + " must set at least one of description, software, copyright or comment.");
+    return Object.freeze(out);
+}
+function xmlText(text) {
+    return text.replaceAll("&", "&amp;").replaceAll("<", "&lt;").replaceAll(">", "&gt;");
+}
+const alt = (text) => '<rdf:Alt><rdf:li xml:lang="x-default">' + xmlText(text) + "</rdf:li></rdf:Alt>";
+/** One `rdf:Description` of the current resource with the given fields, declaring only the namespaces it uses. */
+export function xmpTextMetadataDescription(metadata) {
+    const dc = metadata.description !== undefined || metadata.copyright !== undefined;
+    return '<rdf:Description rdf:about=""' + (dc ? ' xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"' : "") +
+        (metadata.software !== undefined ? ' xmlns:xmp="http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/"' : "") +
+        (metadata.comment !== undefined ? ' xmlns:exif="http://ns.adobe.com/exif/1.0/"' : "") + ">" +
+        (metadata.description !== undefined ? "<dc:description>" + alt(metadata.description) + "</dc:description>" : "") +
+        (metadata.copyright !== undefined ? "<dc:rights>" + alt(metadata.copyright) + "</dc:rights>" : "") +
+        (metadata.software !== undefined ? "<xmp:CreatorTool>" + xmlText(metadata.software) + "</xmp:CreatorTool>" : "") +
+        (metadata.comment !== undefined ? "<exif:UserComment>" + alt(metadata.comment) + "</exif:UserComment>" : "") + "</rdf:Description>";
+}
+/** A complete XMP packet (`x:xmpmeta` wrapper, no `xpacket` processing instructions) holding only the text fields. */
+export function xmpTextMetadataPacket(metadata) {
+    return encoder.encode('<x:xmpmeta xmlns:x="adobe:ns:meta/"><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">' +
+        xmpTextMetadataDescription(metadata) + "</rdf:RDF></x:xmpmeta>");
+}
+function concat(parts) {
+    const out = new Uint8Array(parts.reduce((n, p) => n + p.length, 0));
+    let offset = 0;
+    for (const part of parts) {
+        out.set(part, offset);
+        offset += part.length;
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+function segment(marker, payload) {
+    return concat([Uint8Array.of(0xff, marker, (payload.length + 2) >> 8, (payload.length + 2) & 255), payload]);
+}
+function startsWith(bytes, offset, prefix) {
+    if (offset + prefix.length > bytes.length)
+        return false;
+    for (let i = 0; i < prefix.length; i++)
+        if (bytes[offset + i] !== prefix[i])
+            return false;
+    return true;
+}
+/**
+ * Returns a copy of a baseline JPEG with the text fields added: merged into its XMP APP1 packet (or a new packet
+ * after the last leading APPn segment when it has none), plus a COM segment for `comment`. Every other byte,
+ * including the entropy-coded data, is unchanged. Reads marker segments only up to SOS.
+ */
+export function addJpegTextMetadata(jpeg, metadata) {
+    if (jpeg.length < 4 || jpeg[0] !== 0xff || jpeg[1] !== 0xd8)
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError("JPEG text metadata needs a JPEG stream starting with SOI.");
+    const identifier = encoder.encode(XMP_IDENTIFIER);
+    let offset = 2, xmp, appEnd = 2, inLeadingApps = true;
+    for (;;) {
+        if (offset + 4 > jpeg.length || jpeg[offset] !== 0xff)
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError("JPEG text metadata found a malformed marker segment.");
+        const marker = jpeg[offset + 1];
+        if (marker === 0xda)
+            break;
+        const end = offset + 2 + ((jpeg[offset + 2] << 8) | jpeg[offset + 3]);
+        if (end > jpeg.length)
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError("JPEG text metadata found a truncated marker segment.");
+        if (marker === 0xe1 && !xmp && startsWith(jpeg, offset + 4, identifier))
+            xmp = { start: offset, end };
+        if (inLeadingApps && marker >= 0xe0 && marker <= 0xef)
+            appEnd = end;
+        else
+            inLeadingApps = false;
+        offset = end;
+    }
+    const description = xmpTextMetadataDescription(metadata);
+    let xmpPacket;
+    if (xmp) {
+        const packet = new TextDecoder("utf-8", { fatal: true }).decode(jpeg.subarray(xmp.start + 4 + identifier.length, xmp.end));
+        const close = packet.lastIndexOf("</rdf:RDF>");
+        if (close < 0)
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError("JPEG text metadata found an XMP packet without rdf:RDF.");
+        xmpPacket = encoder.encode(packet.slice(0, close) + description + packet.slice(close));
+    }
+    else
+        xmpPacket = xmpTextMetadataPacket(metadata);
+    if (xmpPacket.length > JPEG_XMP_MAXIMUM_PACKET_BYTES)
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError("The text metadata makes the JPEG XMP packet " + xmpPacket.length + " bytes; one APP1 segment holds at most " + JPEG_XMP_MAXIMUM_PACKET_BYTES + ".");
+    const xmpSegment = segment(0xe1, concat([identifier, xmpPacket]));
+    const com = metadata.comment === undefined ? new Uint8Array(0) : segment(0xfe, encoder.encode(metadata.comment));
+    if (xmp)
+        return concat([jpeg.subarray(0, xmp.start), xmpSegment, jpeg.subarray(xmp.end, appEnd), com, jpeg.subarray(appEnd)]);
+    return concat([jpeg.subarray(0, appEnd), xmpSegment, com, jpeg.subarray(appEnd)]);
+}
+function latin1Text(text) {
+    for (const ch of text) {
+        const c = ch.codePointAt(0);
+        if (!(c === 10 || (c >= 0x20 && c <= 0x7e) || (c >= 0xa1 && c <= 0xff)))
+            return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+function pngChunk(type, data) {
+    const out = new Uint8Array(12 + data.length), view = new DataView(out.buffer), typeBytes = Uint8Array.from(type, (c) => c.charCodeAt(0));
+    view.setUint32(0, data.length);
+    out.set(typeBytes, 4);
+    out.set(data, 8);
+    view.setUint32(8 + data.length, pngCrc32(data, pngCrc32(typeBytes)));
+    return out;
+}
+/** The text chunks for the given fields, in the order description, software, copyright, comment. */
+export function pngTextMetadataChunks(metadata) {
+    return FIELDS.filter((field) => metadata[field] !== undefined).map((field) => {
+        const keyword = Uint8Array.from(pngKeyword(field), (c) => c.charCodeAt(0)), text = metadata[field];
+        // tEXt: keyword, NUL, Latin-1 text. iTXt: keyword, NUL, compression flag 0, method 0, empty language tag, NUL, empty translated keyword, NUL, UTF-8 text.
+        return latin1Text(text) ? pngChunk("tEXt", concat([keyword, Uint8Array.of(0), Uint8Array.from(text, (c) => c.charCodeAt(0))]))
+            : pngChunk("iTXt", concat([keyword, Uint8Array.of(0, 0, 0, 0, 0), encoder.encode(text)]));
+    });
+}
+/** Returns a copy of a PNG with one text chunk per field inserted before the first IDAT chunk. Other chunks are unchanged. */
+export function addPngTextMetadata(png, metadata) {
+    const signature = [137, 80, 78, 71, 13, 10, 26, 10];
+    if (png.length < 8 || signature.some((b, i) => png[i] !== b))
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError("PNG text metadata needs a PNG signature.");
+    const view = new DataView(png.buffer, png.byteOffset, png.byteLength);
+    for (let offset = 8; offset + 12 <= png.length;) {
+        const length = view.getUint32(offset), type = String.fromCharCode(...png.subarray(offset + 4, offset + 8));
+        if (type === "IDAT")
+            return concat([png.subarray(0, offset), ...pngTextMetadataChunks(metadata), png.subarray(offset)]);
+        offset += 12 + length;
+    }
+    throw new InvalidConfigurationError("PNG text metadata found no IDAT chunk.");
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=text-metadata.js.map