@photivra/engine 2.1.0 → 2.2.0

package/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,6 +1,23 @@
 # Changelog
 
-## 2.1.0 — unreleased (prepared October 17, 2026)
+## 2.2.0 — unreleased (prepared October 17, 2026)
+
+A minor release: opt-in pixel limits for full-resolution images up to 2^27 pixels (about 100 MP sensors) with a measured cost table (#337), and two `simulateCapture` fixes: pixel pitches that failed the aperture fit by a rounding error now work, and image brightness no longer depends on pixel size (#336). Without the new inputs, and at the default 6 µm pitch, every request, plan, RAW, image and encoded file is byte-identical to 2.1.0; at other pitches the brightness fix changes the output by design. Root exports grow from 1,677 to 1,680 symbols; none is removed.
+
+### Added
+
+- **Opt-in limits for full-resolution images up to about 100 MP.** Each full-resolution stage that admitted at most 24 000 000 pixels gains an optional input of the same name as its limit, bounded by a new ceiling of 2^27 = 134 217 728 pixels (16 384 × 8 192), enough for 12 252 × 8 168 (100.07 MP) and 11 552 × 8 664 (100.09 MP) sensors plus their demosaic margin: `maximumPixels` on native RAW (`NATIVE_RAW_LIMITS.ceilingPixels`), native capture SDR, irradiance convolution and temporal exposure sum; `maximumRegionSites` on `simulatePackedSensorRaw`; `maximumQueries` on `calculateChartRadianceBatch`; `maximumPixels` on Print JPEG (new `PRINT_JPEG_LIMITS`) and on `serializePngImage` (default still 100 000 000). Each value must be a safe integer from 1 to the ceiling. A raised native RAW limit is recorded in the plan and raises the native environment whole-event query budget ceiling in proportion (2 000 000 000 per 24 000 000 pixels); a raised Print JPEG limit raises its `maximumEncodedBytes` ceiling the same way (256 000 000 bytes per 24 000 000 pixels) and is recorded in the JPEG's XMP plan. Byte budgets (`maximumOutputBytes` and similar) still apply. New constants `FULL_RESOLUTION_DEFAULT_PIXELS` and `FULL_RESOLUTION_CEILING_PIXELS`.
+- **`simulateCapture` `output.maximumPixels`.** Opt-in large captures: the most native sensor sites (output plus demosaic margin) the capture may allocate, up to 2^27. With it `output.width` and `output.height` may reach 16 384 sites including the margin instead of 4094; it is passed to the RAW, development, DNG, PNG and JPEG stages, and lifts the 1 GiB working-memory default of the AHD demosaic (which still admits at most 2^26 sites, checked before any work).
+- **Measured cost of large images.** The quick start's new "Large images" section gives the measured time and peak memory per megapixel of each full-resolution stage at 1, 4, 16, 24 and 100 MP in Node (for example 100 MP 8-bit PNG 22.7 s, 1:1 JPEG 69.7 s, RAW development 20.5 s), and `simulateCapture` measured up to 16 MP (about 125 s per MP, 34 bytes per pixel at peak) and extrapolated to 100 MP (about 3.4 h on one core and 3.4 GB). Large sizes are opt-in because they are slow and memory-hungry; browsers may fail to allocate them.
+
+Defaults are unchanged: without the new inputs every request, plan, RAW, image and encoded file is byte-identical to 2.1.0.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **`simulateCapture` rejected about a quarter of pixel pitches.** For pitches such as 9.287925696594426 µm (36 mm / 3876 px) a capture failed with `INVALID_SCIENTIFIC_INPUT` "Declared geometric sensitive aperture does not fit within the supplied physical imaging area". The facade gives the imaging width as `n · pitch / 1000` mm, and `resolveSensorSamplingAperture` compared it, converted back to micrometres, with the far aperture edge `pitch/2 + (n − 1)·pitch + pitch/2`: the same exact value reached by different rounded operations, which can differ by one unit in the last place. The lattice and aperture fit tests now allow 8 ε (about 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁵) of the imaging extent for rounding; anything larger is still rejected (a 10⁻⁹ µm excess is tested). The lean environment path uses the same allowance. A test sweeps 107 pitches of nine sensor formats at twelve resolutions plus 200 seeded pitches in 0.5–100 µm, at output sizes 32–96 with both border modes and AHD.
+- **`simulateCapture` brightness depended on pixel size.** The tier's ISO signal chain and 60 000 e⁻ charge capacity were applied per pixel at every pitch, so the same exposure gave a darker image with smaller pixels (full frame, f/8, 1/125 s, ISO 100, 18 % grey: 8-bit sRGB mean 49.5 at 100 MP, 101.2 at 24 MP, 255 clipped at 1 MP). The facade now scales the conversion gain and saturation signal of every ISO regime with the pixel area relative to 6 µm, following standard output sensitivity S = 10/H (CIPA DC-004-2020 §3.2), which is independent of pixel size, and the photon count μp = A·E·t/(hν) (EMVA 1288 Release 4.0, Eq. 3). Brightness is now 101.2 at every full-frame resolution and per-pixel noise rises as pixels shrink (green standard deviation 0.18 codes at 29.4 µm, 0.93 at 6 µm, 1.83 at 2.9 µm). Read noise and dark current stay per pixel. The charge capacity follows the scaled saturation signal; this keeps the tier's ISO rating and highlight headroom and is labelled as an approximation, not a full-well model (see docs/QUICK_START.md, "ISO and pixel size"). A new assumption `sensor.isoAreaNormalization` records it when the pitch is not 6 µm. At the default 6 µm every output, assumption and hash lock is unchanged.
+
+## 2.1.0 — published October 17, 2026
 
 A minor release: additive, opt-in capture options for diffraction, AHD demosaicing and an optical anti-aliasing filter, per-run cost diagnostics and a measured cost table, and a fix for cancelling captures in Web Workers (#331–#333). Captures that use none of the new options are byte-identical to 2.0.0. Root exports grow from 1,668 to 1,677 symbols; none is removed.
 

package/CITATION.cff

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ abstract: "An open TypeScript engine for the science and mathematics of photogra
 repository-code: "https://github.com/photivra/photivra"
 url: "https://photivra.com"
 license: "Apache-2.0"
-version: "2.1.0"
+version: "2.2.0"
 keywords:
   - photography
   - camera optics

package/README.md

@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ The source is licensed under Apache-2.0.
 
 ## Quick start
 
-Install the published ESM package below. The [2.1.0 release record](https://github.com/Photivra/photivra/blob/main/docs/RELEASE_2_1_0.md) and [changelog](https://github.com/Photivra/photivra/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md) describe the current release:
+Install the published ESM package below. The [2.2.0 release record](https://github.com/Photivra/photivra/blob/main/docs/RELEASE_2_2_0.md) and [changelog](https://github.com/Photivra/photivra/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md) describe the current release:
 
 ```sh
-npm install @photivra/engine@2.1.0
+npm install @photivra/engine@2.2.0
 ```
 
 Simulate a photograph of a test chart with a generic camera, then read the developed sRGB pixels:
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ console.log(horizontal.provenance);
 
 Start with the [Developer Guide](https://github.com/Photivra/photivra/blob/main/docs/DEVELOPERS.md). Then use the [Usage Guide](https://github.com/Photivra/photivra/blob/main/docs/USAGE.md) and the [API reference](https://github.com/Photivra/photivra/blob/main/docs/API_REFERENCE.md), which is generated from the package exports.
 
-Repository `main` may describe newer, unreleased work. For the stable contract, use the docs bundled in the published package, or the exact `v2.1.0` tag.
+Repository `main` may describe newer, unreleased work. For the stable contract, use the docs bundled in the published package, or the exact `v2.2.0` tag.
 
 ## Documentation
 
@@ -363,13 +363,13 @@ The application can then use those results, while the photography calculations t
 
 ## Status
 
-- Repository package version: `2.1.0` (release candidate prepared October 17, 2026; publication is separate)
-- Engine API contract: `2.1.0`
+- Repository package version: `2.2.0` (release candidate prepared October 17, 2026; publication is separate)
+- Engine API contract: `2.2.0`
 - Versioned generic tier reference assets: [GENERIC_TIER_PRESETS.md](https://github.com/Photivra/photivra/blob/main/docs/GENERIC_TIER_PRESETS.md).
 - Composed POC simulation API contract: `1.0.0`
 - Stability: 1.0 root-package compatibility policy; bounded scientific models and independent POC contract
 
-From 1.0.1, the package version and `ENGINE_API_VERSION` are equal. New captures/plans record 2.1.0; existing archives keep their original creator identities. Schema, model and POC contract versions stay independent.
+From 1.0.1, the package version and `ENGINE_API_VERSION` are equal. New captures/plans record 2.2.0; existing archives keep their original creator identities. Schema, model and POC contract versions stay independent.
 
 A breaking change to the root contracts now needs a new package major version. Additive and corrective changes follow [compatibility and migration](https://github.com/Photivra/photivra/blob/main/docs/RELEASE_1_3_0.md). A 1.0 package is not a claim of calibrated physical accuracy.
 

package/SECURITY.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Please do not open a public issue that contains vulnerability details.
 
 ## Supported versions
 
-The published 1.0.0 release started the 1.x root-package compatibility line, and 2.0.0 started the 2.x line. The current release is **2.0.0**, published on October 17, 2026 (see [CHANGELOG.md](CHANGELOG.md)).
+The published 1.0.0 release started the 1.x root-package compatibility line, and 2.0.0 started the 2.x line. The current release is **2.1.0**, published on October 17, 2026 (see [CHANGELOG.md](CHANGELOG.md)).
 
 Security fixes target the current maintained development and release line. Do not assume that older 1.x releases, snapshots or pre-1.0 releases will receive fixes.
 

package/dist/capture/export-jpeg.js

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  * limits.
  */
 import { InvalidConfigurationError } from "../core/configuration-error.js";
+import { FULL_RESOLUTION_CEILING_PIXELS, scaleBudgetCeiling } from "../core/pixel-limits.js";
 /**
  * Identifies the exact byte output of the baseline encoder.
  *
@@ -51,6 +52,11 @@ export function encodeExportJpeg(input) {
         }
     return encoder.finish();
 }
+/**
+ * Largest byte budget the internal writer accepts: the Print JPEG budget ceiling at the largest opt-in source
+ * (256 000 000 bytes per 24 000 000 pixels at 2^27 pixels). Each caller enforces its own smaller budget.
+ */
+const EXPORT_JPEG_MAXIMUM_OUTPUT_BYTES = scaleBudgetCeiling(256_000_000, FULL_RESOLUTION_CEILING_PIXELS);
 /**
  * Internal size-limited JPEG writer. The reference export and the scalable export use exactly the same
  * DCT and entropy-coding equations.
@@ -62,7 +68,7 @@ export function encodeExportJpeg(input) {
  */
 export function createExportJpegEncoder(input) {
     const { width, height, quantizationStep: q } = input;
-    if (![width, height, q, input.maximumOutputBytes].every(Number.isSafeInteger) || width < 1 || height < 1 || width > 65535 || height > 65535 || q < 1 || q > 255 || input.maximumOutputBytes < 1 || input.maximumOutputBytes > 256_000_000)
+    if (![width, height, q, input.maximumOutputBytes].every(Number.isSafeInteger) || width < 1 || height < 1 || width > 65535 || height > 65535 || q < 1 || q > 255 || input.maximumOutputBytes < 1 || input.maximumOutputBytes > EXPORT_JPEG_MAXIMUM_OUTPUT_BYTES)
         throw new InvalidConfigurationError("Invalid bounded JPEG encoding plan.");
     const density = input.densityDotsPerInch;
     if (density !== undefined && (!Number.isSafeInteger(density) || density < 1 || density > 65535))

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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * Baseline JPEG encoder written for this project. It computes the DCT (discrete cosine transform)\n * directly and uses no third-party encoder source, default quantization tables or Huffman tables.\n * @see docs/SIMULATED_CAPTURE.md for equations, coordinate/unit conventions, blockers and support\n * limits.\n */\n\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\n\n/**\n * Identifies the exact byte output of the baseline encoder.\n *\n * Version 2 (engine 2.0.0) uses the fixed cosine table below instead of runtime `Math.cos`, and rounds\n * quantized coefficients half away from zero. Compared with version 1, bytes can differ only where a\n * coefficient before rounding was within about one ULP (unit in the last place) of a half-integer, or\n * was exactly a negative half-integer. The repository's test images are unchanged.\n */\nexport const EXPORT_JPEG_ENCODER_ID = \"photivra-baseline-jpeg-444-v2\" as const;\n/**\n * C(u,x) = cos((2x+1)·u·π/16) for u,x in 0..7, row-major by u.\n *\n * Each entry is the correctly rounded IEEE-754 double of the exact cosine. They were computed offline with\n * 130-digit decimal arithmetic and checked so that no neighbouring double is closer (see\n * docs/PHOTOGRAPHIC_EXPORT.md). Hard-coding them makes the DCT independent of each JavaScript engine's\n * `Math.cos`, which differs in the last bit between engines. These are mathematical facts, not third-party data.\n */\nexport const JPEG_DCT_COSINES: Readonly<Float64Array> = Float64Array.of(\n  1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,\n  0.9807852804032304,0.8314696123025452,0.5555702330196022,0.19509032201612828,-0.19509032201612828,-0.5555702330196022,-0.8314696123025452,-0.9807852804032304,\n  0.9238795325112867,0.3826834323650898,-0.3826834323650898,-0.9238795325112867,-0.9238795325112867,-0.3826834323650898,0.3826834323650898,0.9238795325112867,\n  0.8314696123025452,-0.19509032201612828,-0.9807852804032304,-0.5555702330196022,0.5555702330196022,0.9807852804032304,0.19509032201612828,-0.8314696123025452,\n  0.7071067811865476,-0.7071067811865476,-0.7071067811865476,0.7071067811865476,0.7071067811865476,-0.7071067811865476,-0.7071067811865476,0.7071067811865476,\n  0.5555702330196022,-0.9807852804032304,0.19509032201612828,0.8314696123025452,-0.8314696123025452,-0.19509032201612828,0.9807852804032304,-0.5555702330196022,\n  0.3826834323650898,-0.9238795325112867,0.9238795325112867,-0.3826834323650898,-0.3826834323650898,0.9238795325112867,-0.9238795325112867,0.3826834323650898,\n  0.19509032201612828,-0.5555702330196022,0.8314696123025452,-0.9807852804032304,0.9807852804032304,-0.8314696123025452,0.5555702330196022,-0.19509032201612828\n);\n/**\n * Rounds a quantized coefficient to the nearest integer, with ties going away from zero (−2.5 → −3,\n * 2.5 → 3), so positive and negative values round the same way. `Math.round` alone sends −2.5 to −2.\n */\nexport function roundJpegCoefficient(value: number): number {\n  return value<0 ? -Math.round(-value) : Math.round(value);\n}\n\n/** Internal baseline JPEG settings: 8-bit YCbCr 4:4:4, one explicit constant quantization step, and uniform Huffman tables written for this project. */\nexport interface ExportJpegInput { width: number; height: number; samples: readonly number[]; quantizationStep: number; exif: Uint8Array; xmp: Uint8Array }\n/** Encodes a baseline JPEG with a directly computed DCT. Uses no third-party encoder source, default quantization tables or Huffman tables. */\nexport function encodeExportJpeg(input: ExportJpegInput): Uint8Array {\n  const { width, height, samples, quantizationStep: q } = input;\n  if (![width,height,q].every(Number.isSafeInteger) || width < 1 || height < 1 || width*height > 4096 ||\n      q < 1 || q > 255 || samples.length !== width*height*3 || Array.from(samples).some((v) => !Number.isInteger(v) || v < 0 || v > 255)) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Unsupported baseline JPEG input.\");\n  }\n  const encoder=createExportJpegEncoder({...input,maximumOutputBytes:1_000_000});\n  for(let by=0;by<height;by+=8)for(let bx=0;bx<width;bx+=8){\n    const block:number[]=[];\n    for(let y=0;y<8;y++)for(let x=0;x<8;x++){\n      const p=(Math.min(by+y,height-1)*width+Math.min(bx+x,width-1))*3;\n      block.push(samples[p]!,samples[p+1]!,samples[p+2]!);\n    }\n    encoder.writeRgbBlock(block);\n  }\n  return encoder.finish();\n}\n/**\n * Internal size-limited JPEG writer. The reference export and the scalable export use exactly the same\n * DCT and entropy-coding equations.\n *\n * When `densityDotsPerInch` is supplied, it is written to the JFIF 1.02 APP0 segment as units=1 (dots\n * per inch) with equal X and Y density. JFIF density fields are 16-bit unsigned, so it must be an integer\n * in 1..65535; callers round any fractional density and store the exact value in EXIF. When omitted,\n * APP0 keeps units=0 with a 1:1 pixel aspect ratio and states no physical size.\n */\nexport function createExportJpegEncoder(input: Omit<ExportJpegInput,\"samples\"> & {maximumOutputBytes:number;icc?:Uint8Array;densityDotsPerInch?:number}): {\n  writeRgbBlock(samples:readonly number[]):void; finish():Uint8Array; dispose():void;\n} {\n  const {width,height,quantizationStep:q}=input;\n  if(![width,height,q,input.maximumOutputBytes].every(Number.isSafeInteger)||width<1||height<1||width>65535||height>65535||q<1||q>255||input.maximumOutputBytes<1||input.maximumOutputBytes>256_000_000)\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Invalid bounded JPEG encoding plan.\");\n  const density=input.densityDotsPerInch;\n  if(density!==undefined&&(!Number.isSafeInteger(density)||density<1||density>65535))\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JFIF density requires an integer from 1 to 65535 dots per inch.\");\n  // Growable output. Capacity starts at min(budget, 64 KiB) and doubles, but never beyond the budget. The budget\n  // check is unchanged (offset + n > maximumOutputBytes fails), so the output bytes and failures are the same as\n  // with a buffer allocated at full budget up front. An old buffer is zeroed after its bytes are copied over.\n  const budget=input.maximumOutputBytes;\n  let storage=new Uint8Array(Math.min(budget,65_536)),offset=0,disposed=false,blocks=0;\n  const reserve=(count:number):void=>{\n    if(disposed||offset+count>budget)throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG output exceeds admitted byte budget or is disposed.\");\n    if(offset+count<=storage.length)return;\n    const grown=new Uint8Array(Math.min(budget,Math.max(storage.length*2,offset+count)));\n    grown.set(storage.subarray(0,offset));storage.fill(0,0,offset);storage=grown;\n  };\n  const push=(...values:number[]):void=>{reserve(values.length);storage.set(values,offset);offset+=values.length;};\n  // Fast path for one entropy-coded byte: the same budget/disposal check and byte order as push(), without an array per byte.\n  const pushByte=(value:number):void=>{if(disposed||offset>=storage.length)reserve(1);storage[offset++]=value;};\n  push(255,216);\n  const marker = (id: number, payload: readonly number[]): void => {\n    if (payload.length > 65533) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG metadata segment exceeds the standard APP limit.\");\n    push(255,id,(payload.length+2)>>8,(payload.length+2)&255,...payload);\n  };\n  // JFIF 1.02 APP0: identifier, version 1.02, units (0 aspect ratio only, 1 dots per inch), Xdensity, Ydensity, no thumbnail.\n  marker(224,density===undefined ? [74,70,73,70,0,1,2,0,0,1,0,1,0,0] : [74,70,73,70,0,1,2,1,density>>8,density&255,density>>8,density&255,0,0]);\n  marker(225,[69,120,105,102,0,0,...input.exif]);\n  marker(225,[...new TextEncoder().encode(\"http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\\0\"),...input.xmp]);\n  if(input.icc){\n    if(input.icc.length>65519)throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"ICC profile exceeds the single-segment encoding envelope.\");\n    marker(226,[...new TextEncoder().encode(\"ICC_PROFILE\\0\"),1,1,...input.icc]);\n  }\n  marker(219,[0,...Array<number>(64).fill(q)]);\n  marker(192,[8,height>>8,height&255,width>>8,width&255,3,1,17,0,2,17,0,3,17,0]);\n  // DC categories 0..11 use 4-bit codes; AC EOB/ZRL and all baseline run/category pairs use 8-bit codes.\n  // Incomplete canonical Huffman trees reserve the all-ones code, so JPEG bit padding (1-bits) can never be read as a symbol.\n  const dc = Array.from({length:12},(_,i) => i), ac = [0,240];\n  for (let run=0;run<16;run++) for (let size=1;size<=10;size++) ac.push(run*16+size);\n  marker(196,[0,...Array.from({length:16},(_,i) => i===3 ? 12 : 0),...dc,\n    16,...Array.from({length:16},(_,i) => i===7 ? ac.length : 0),...ac]);\n  marker(218,[3,1,0,2,0,3,0,0,63,0]);\n  let accumulator=0, bits=0;\n  // Appends the low `count` bits (count <= 16) most-significant first, emitting each completed byte with 0xFF stuffing.\n  const emit = (value: number, count: number): void => {\n    accumulator=(accumulator<<count)|(value&((1<<count)-1)); bits+=count;\n    while (bits>=8) { bits-=8; const byte=(accumulator>>>bits)&255; pushByte(byte); if (byte===255) pushByte(0); }\n    accumulator&=(1<<bits)-1;\n  };\n  const amplitude = (value: number, max: number): number => {\n    const size=value===0 ? 0 : Math.floor(Math.log2(Math.abs(value)))+1;\n    if (size>max) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG coefficient exceeds baseline entropy range.\");\n    return size;\n  };\n  const coefficient = (value: number, size: number): void => { if (size) emit(value>=0 ? value : value+(1<<size)-1,size); };\n  const zigzag=new Int32Array(64);\n  for (let diagonal=0,i=0;diagonal<=14;diagonal++) {\n    const points: number[] = [];\n    for (let y=0;y<8;y++) { const x=diagonal-y; if (x>=0 && x<8) points.push(y*8+x); }\n    for (const point of diagonal%2===0 ? points.reverse() : points) zigzag[i++]=point;\n  }\n  // Huffman symbol index of each AC (run, size) pair; equals ac.indexOf(symbol) for every emitted symbol.\n  const acIndex=new Int16Array(256).fill(-1);\n  for (let i=ac.length-1;i>=0;i--) acIndex[ac[i]!]=i;\n/**\n * The 8×8 DCT, computed directly, with orthonormal DC factors and one chosen quantization step.\n *\n * This is a deliberately simple 4:4:4 reference encoder. Lossy quantization means exact RGB pixels are\n * not preserved. Decoding the JPEG and comparing is an interoperability check, not an exact scientific\n * check of pixel values.\n *\n * Each coefficient is the direct 64-term sum Σ_y Σ_x (f(x,y)·C(u,x))·C(v,y), summed over y, then x.\n * The row products f(x,y)·C(u,x) are computed once per u and reused for all eight v. This reuses the\n * identical IEEE-754 products and keeps the exact order of multiplication and summation. A factored\n * row/column DCT would reorder the sum, so it is deliberately not used.\n *\n * C(u,x) comes from the fixed table `JPEG_DCT_COSINES` (correctly rounded constants), not `Math.cos`,\n * so the coefficients do not depend on the JavaScript engine's maths library. Each quantized coefficient\n * is rounded half away from zero (`roundJpegCoefficient`).\n */\n  const cosine=JPEG_DCT_COSINES;\n  const previous=[0,0,0];\n  const planes=[new Float64Array(64),new Float64Array(64),new Float64Array(64)];\n  const rowProducts=new Float64Array(64), transformed=new Float64Array(64);\n  const blueScale=2*(1-.114), redScale=2*(1-.299);\n  return {\n    writeRgbBlock(samples:readonly number[]):void {\n      let valid=!disposed&&blocks<Math.ceil(width/8)*Math.ceil(height/8)&&samples.length===192;\n      for(let i=0;valid&&i<192;i++){const v=samples[i]!;valid=Number.isInteger(v)&&v>=0&&v<=255;}\n      if(!valid)throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG requires complete bounded RGB coding blocks.\");\n    const [luma,blueDifference,redDifference]=planes as [Float64Array,Float64Array,Float64Array];\n    for (let i=0;i<64;i++) {\n      // JPEG pads only partial 8x8 blocks (MCUs, minimum coded units). The declared image and crop size never change.\n      const p=i*3;\n      const red=samples[p]!, green=samples[p+1]!, blue=samples[p+2]!, luminance=.299*red+.587*green+.114*blue;\n      luma[i]=luminance-128; blueDifference[i]=(blue-luminance)/blueScale; redDifference[i]=(red-luminance)/redScale;\n    }\n    for (let channel=0;channel<3;channel++) {\n      const block=planes[channel]!;\n      for (let u=0;u<8;u++) {\n        const uOffset=u*8;\n        for (let y=0;y<8;y++) for (let x=0;x<8;x++) rowProducts[y*8+x]=block[y*8+x]!*cosine[uOffset+x]!;\n        const uFactor=u===0 ? Math.SQRT1_2 : 1;\n        for (let v=0;v<8;v++) {\n          const vOffset=v*8;\n          let sum=0; for (let y=0;y<8;y++) { const cv=cosine[vOffset+y]!; for (let x=0;x<8;x++) sum+=rowProducts[y*8+x]!*cv; }\n          transformed[vOffset+u]=roundJpegCoefficient(sum*.25*uFactor*(v===0 ? Math.SQRT1_2 : 1)/q);\n        }\n      }\n      const difference=transformed[0]!-previous[channel]!, size=amplitude(difference,11); emit(size,4); coefficient(difference,size); previous[channel]=transformed[0]!;\n      let zeroes=0;\n      for (let i=1;i<64;i++) {\n        const value=transformed[zigzag[i]!]!;\n        if (value===0) { zeroes++; continue; }\n        while (zeroes>=16) { emit(1,8); zeroes-=16; }\n        const length=amplitude(value,10), symbol=zeroes*16+length; emit(acIndex[symbol]!,8); coefficient(value,length); zeroes=0;\n      }\n      if (zeroes) emit(0,8);\n    }\n    blocks++;\n    },\n    finish():Uint8Array {\n      if(disposed||blocks!==Math.ceil(width/8)*Math.ceil(height/8))throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG cannot finish incomplete or disposed encoding.\");\n      if(bits)emit((1<<(8-bits))-1,8-bits);\n      // Only the written prefix can hold data; zero it after the copy instead of filling the whole capacity.\n      push(255,217);const output=storage.slice(0,offset);storage.fill(0,0,offset);storage=new Uint8Array(0);disposed=true;return output;\n    },\n    dispose():void {storage.fill(0,0,offset);storage=new Uint8Array(0);disposed=true;}\n  };\n}\n"]}
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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * Baseline JPEG encoder written for this project. It computes the DCT (discrete cosine transform)\n * directly and uses no third-party encoder source, default quantization tables or Huffman tables.\n * @see docs/SIMULATED_CAPTURE.md for equations, coordinate/unit conventions, blockers and support\n * limits.\n */\n\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\nimport { FULL_RESOLUTION_CEILING_PIXELS, scaleBudgetCeiling } from \"../core/pixel-limits.js\";\n\n/**\n * Identifies the exact byte output of the baseline encoder.\n *\n * Version 2 (engine 2.0.0) uses the fixed cosine table below instead of runtime `Math.cos`, and rounds\n * quantized coefficients half away from zero. Compared with version 1, bytes can differ only where a\n * coefficient before rounding was within about one ULP (unit in the last place) of a half-integer, or\n * was exactly a negative half-integer. The repository's test images are unchanged.\n */\nexport const EXPORT_JPEG_ENCODER_ID = \"photivra-baseline-jpeg-444-v2\" as const;\n/**\n * C(u,x) = cos((2x+1)·u·π/16) for u,x in 0..7, row-major by u.\n *\n * Each entry is the correctly rounded IEEE-754 double of the exact cosine. They were computed offline with\n * 130-digit decimal arithmetic and checked so that no neighbouring double is closer (see\n * docs/PHOTOGRAPHIC_EXPORT.md). Hard-coding them makes the DCT independent of each JavaScript engine's\n * `Math.cos`, which differs in the last bit between engines. These are mathematical facts, not third-party data.\n */\nexport const JPEG_DCT_COSINES: Readonly<Float64Array> = Float64Array.of(\n  1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,\n  0.9807852804032304,0.8314696123025452,0.5555702330196022,0.19509032201612828,-0.19509032201612828,-0.5555702330196022,-0.8314696123025452,-0.9807852804032304,\n  0.9238795325112867,0.3826834323650898,-0.3826834323650898,-0.9238795325112867,-0.9238795325112867,-0.3826834323650898,0.3826834323650898,0.9238795325112867,\n  0.8314696123025452,-0.19509032201612828,-0.9807852804032304,-0.5555702330196022,0.5555702330196022,0.9807852804032304,0.19509032201612828,-0.8314696123025452,\n  0.7071067811865476,-0.7071067811865476,-0.7071067811865476,0.7071067811865476,0.7071067811865476,-0.7071067811865476,-0.7071067811865476,0.7071067811865476,\n  0.5555702330196022,-0.9807852804032304,0.19509032201612828,0.8314696123025452,-0.8314696123025452,-0.19509032201612828,0.9807852804032304,-0.5555702330196022,\n  0.3826834323650898,-0.9238795325112867,0.9238795325112867,-0.3826834323650898,-0.3826834323650898,0.9238795325112867,-0.9238795325112867,0.3826834323650898,\n  0.19509032201612828,-0.5555702330196022,0.8314696123025452,-0.9807852804032304,0.9807852804032304,-0.8314696123025452,0.5555702330196022,-0.19509032201612828\n);\n/**\n * Rounds a quantized coefficient to the nearest integer, with ties going away from zero (−2.5 → −3,\n * 2.5 → 3), so positive and negative values round the same way. `Math.round` alone sends −2.5 to −2.\n */\nexport function roundJpegCoefficient(value: number): number {\n  return value<0 ? -Math.round(-value) : Math.round(value);\n}\n\n/** Internal baseline JPEG settings: 8-bit YCbCr 4:4:4, one explicit constant quantization step, and uniform Huffman tables written for this project. */\nexport interface ExportJpegInput { width: number; height: number; samples: readonly number[]; quantizationStep: number; exif: Uint8Array; xmp: Uint8Array }\n/** Encodes a baseline JPEG with a directly computed DCT. Uses no third-party encoder source, default quantization tables or Huffman tables. */\nexport function encodeExportJpeg(input: ExportJpegInput): Uint8Array {\n  const { width, height, samples, quantizationStep: q } = input;\n  if (![width,height,q].every(Number.isSafeInteger) || width < 1 || height < 1 || width*height > 4096 ||\n      q < 1 || q > 255 || samples.length !== width*height*3 || Array.from(samples).some((v) => !Number.isInteger(v) || v < 0 || v > 255)) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Unsupported baseline JPEG input.\");\n  }\n  const encoder=createExportJpegEncoder({...input,maximumOutputBytes:1_000_000});\n  for(let by=0;by<height;by+=8)for(let bx=0;bx<width;bx+=8){\n    const block:number[]=[];\n    for(let y=0;y<8;y++)for(let x=0;x<8;x++){\n      const p=(Math.min(by+y,height-1)*width+Math.min(bx+x,width-1))*3;\n      block.push(samples[p]!,samples[p+1]!,samples[p+2]!);\n    }\n    encoder.writeRgbBlock(block);\n  }\n  return encoder.finish();\n}\n/**\n * Largest byte budget the internal writer accepts: the Print JPEG budget ceiling at the largest opt-in source\n * (256 000 000 bytes per 24 000 000 pixels at 2^27 pixels). Each caller enforces its own smaller budget.\n */\nconst EXPORT_JPEG_MAXIMUM_OUTPUT_BYTES=scaleBudgetCeiling(256_000_000,FULL_RESOLUTION_CEILING_PIXELS);\n/**\n * Internal size-limited JPEG writer. The reference export and the scalable export use exactly the same\n * DCT and entropy-coding equations.\n *\n * When `densityDotsPerInch` is supplied, it is written to the JFIF 1.02 APP0 segment as units=1 (dots\n * per inch) with equal X and Y density. JFIF density fields are 16-bit unsigned, so it must be an integer\n * in 1..65535; callers round any fractional density and store the exact value in EXIF. When omitted,\n * APP0 keeps units=0 with a 1:1 pixel aspect ratio and states no physical size.\n */\nexport function createExportJpegEncoder(input: Omit<ExportJpegInput,\"samples\"> & {maximumOutputBytes:number;icc?:Uint8Array;densityDotsPerInch?:number}): {\n  writeRgbBlock(samples:readonly number[]):void; finish():Uint8Array; dispose():void;\n} {\n  const {width,height,quantizationStep:q}=input;\n  if(![width,height,q,input.maximumOutputBytes].every(Number.isSafeInteger)||width<1||height<1||width>65535||height>65535||q<1||q>255||input.maximumOutputBytes<1||input.maximumOutputBytes>EXPORT_JPEG_MAXIMUM_OUTPUT_BYTES)\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Invalid bounded JPEG encoding plan.\");\n  const density=input.densityDotsPerInch;\n  if(density!==undefined&&(!Number.isSafeInteger(density)||density<1||density>65535))\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JFIF density requires an integer from 1 to 65535 dots per inch.\");\n  // Growable output. Capacity starts at min(budget, 64 KiB) and doubles, but never beyond the budget. The budget\n  // check is unchanged (offset + n > maximumOutputBytes fails), so the output bytes and failures are the same as\n  // with a buffer allocated at full budget up front. An old buffer is zeroed after its bytes are copied over.\n  const budget=input.maximumOutputBytes;\n  let storage=new Uint8Array(Math.min(budget,65_536)),offset=0,disposed=false,blocks=0;\n  const reserve=(count:number):void=>{\n    if(disposed||offset+count>budget)throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG output exceeds admitted byte budget or is disposed.\");\n    if(offset+count<=storage.length)return;\n    const grown=new Uint8Array(Math.min(budget,Math.max(storage.length*2,offset+count)));\n    grown.set(storage.subarray(0,offset));storage.fill(0,0,offset);storage=grown;\n  };\n  const push=(...values:number[]):void=>{reserve(values.length);storage.set(values,offset);offset+=values.length;};\n  // Fast path for one entropy-coded byte: the same budget/disposal check and byte order as push(), without an array per byte.\n  const pushByte=(value:number):void=>{if(disposed||offset>=storage.length)reserve(1);storage[offset++]=value;};\n  push(255,216);\n  const marker = (id: number, payload: readonly number[]): void => {\n    if (payload.length > 65533) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG metadata segment exceeds the standard APP limit.\");\n    push(255,id,(payload.length+2)>>8,(payload.length+2)&255,...payload);\n  };\n  // JFIF 1.02 APP0: identifier, version 1.02, units (0 aspect ratio only, 1 dots per inch), Xdensity, Ydensity, no thumbnail.\n  marker(224,density===undefined ? [74,70,73,70,0,1,2,0,0,1,0,1,0,0] : [74,70,73,70,0,1,2,1,density>>8,density&255,density>>8,density&255,0,0]);\n  marker(225,[69,120,105,102,0,0,...input.exif]);\n  marker(225,[...new TextEncoder().encode(\"http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\\0\"),...input.xmp]);\n  if(input.icc){\n    if(input.icc.length>65519)throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"ICC profile exceeds the single-segment encoding envelope.\");\n    marker(226,[...new TextEncoder().encode(\"ICC_PROFILE\\0\"),1,1,...input.icc]);\n  }\n  marker(219,[0,...Array<number>(64).fill(q)]);\n  marker(192,[8,height>>8,height&255,width>>8,width&255,3,1,17,0,2,17,0,3,17,0]);\n  // DC categories 0..11 use 4-bit codes; AC EOB/ZRL and all baseline run/category pairs use 8-bit codes.\n  // Incomplete canonical Huffman trees reserve the all-ones code, so JPEG bit padding (1-bits) can never be read as a symbol.\n  const dc = Array.from({length:12},(_,i) => i), ac = [0,240];\n  for (let run=0;run<16;run++) for (let size=1;size<=10;size++) ac.push(run*16+size);\n  marker(196,[0,...Array.from({length:16},(_,i) => i===3 ? 12 : 0),...dc,\n    16,...Array.from({length:16},(_,i) => i===7 ? ac.length : 0),...ac]);\n  marker(218,[3,1,0,2,0,3,0,0,63,0]);\n  let accumulator=0, bits=0;\n  // Appends the low `count` bits (count <= 16) most-significant first, emitting each completed byte with 0xFF stuffing.\n  const emit = (value: number, count: number): void => {\n    accumulator=(accumulator<<count)|(value&((1<<count)-1)); bits+=count;\n    while (bits>=8) { bits-=8; const byte=(accumulator>>>bits)&255; pushByte(byte); if (byte===255) pushByte(0); }\n    accumulator&=(1<<bits)-1;\n  };\n  const amplitude = (value: number, max: number): number => {\n    const size=value===0 ? 0 : Math.floor(Math.log2(Math.abs(value)))+1;\n    if (size>max) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG coefficient exceeds baseline entropy range.\");\n    return size;\n  };\n  const coefficient = (value: number, size: number): void => { if (size) emit(value>=0 ? value : value+(1<<size)-1,size); };\n  const zigzag=new Int32Array(64);\n  for (let diagonal=0,i=0;diagonal<=14;diagonal++) {\n    const points: number[] = [];\n    for (let y=0;y<8;y++) { const x=diagonal-y; if (x>=0 && x<8) points.push(y*8+x); }\n    for (const point of diagonal%2===0 ? points.reverse() : points) zigzag[i++]=point;\n  }\n  // Huffman symbol index of each AC (run, size) pair; equals ac.indexOf(symbol) for every emitted symbol.\n  const acIndex=new Int16Array(256).fill(-1);\n  for (let i=ac.length-1;i>=0;i--) acIndex[ac[i]!]=i;\n/**\n * The 8×8 DCT, computed directly, with orthonormal DC factors and one chosen quantization step.\n *\n * This is a deliberately simple 4:4:4 reference encoder. Lossy quantization means exact RGB pixels are\n * not preserved. Decoding the JPEG and comparing is an interoperability check, not an exact scientific\n * check of pixel values.\n *\n * Each coefficient is the direct 64-term sum Σ_y Σ_x (f(x,y)·C(u,x))·C(v,y), summed over y, then x.\n * The row products f(x,y)·C(u,x) are computed once per u and reused for all eight v. This reuses the\n * identical IEEE-754 products and keeps the exact order of multiplication and summation. A factored\n * row/column DCT would reorder the sum, so it is deliberately not used.\n *\n * C(u,x) comes from the fixed table `JPEG_DCT_COSINES` (correctly rounded constants), not `Math.cos`,\n * so the coefficients do not depend on the JavaScript engine's maths library. Each quantized coefficient\n * is rounded half away from zero (`roundJpegCoefficient`).\n */\n  const cosine=JPEG_DCT_COSINES;\n  const previous=[0,0,0];\n  const planes=[new Float64Array(64),new Float64Array(64),new Float64Array(64)];\n  const rowProducts=new Float64Array(64), transformed=new Float64Array(64);\n  const blueScale=2*(1-.114), redScale=2*(1-.299);\n  return {\n    writeRgbBlock(samples:readonly number[]):void {\n      let valid=!disposed&&blocks<Math.ceil(width/8)*Math.ceil(height/8)&&samples.length===192;\n      for(let i=0;valid&&i<192;i++){const v=samples[i]!;valid=Number.isInteger(v)&&v>=0&&v<=255;}\n      if(!valid)throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG requires complete bounded RGB coding blocks.\");\n    const [luma,blueDifference,redDifference]=planes as [Float64Array,Float64Array,Float64Array];\n    for (let i=0;i<64;i++) {\n      // JPEG pads only partial 8x8 blocks (MCUs, minimum coded units). The declared image and crop size never change.\n      const p=i*3;\n      const red=samples[p]!, green=samples[p+1]!, blue=samples[p+2]!, luminance=.299*red+.587*green+.114*blue;\n      luma[i]=luminance-128; blueDifference[i]=(blue-luminance)/blueScale; redDifference[i]=(red-luminance)/redScale;\n    }\n    for (let channel=0;channel<3;channel++) {\n      const block=planes[channel]!;\n      for (let u=0;u<8;u++) {\n        const uOffset=u*8;\n        for (let y=0;y<8;y++) for (let x=0;x<8;x++) rowProducts[y*8+x]=block[y*8+x]!*cosine[uOffset+x]!;\n        const uFactor=u===0 ? Math.SQRT1_2 : 1;\n        for (let v=0;v<8;v++) {\n          const vOffset=v*8;\n          let sum=0; for (let y=0;y<8;y++) { const cv=cosine[vOffset+y]!; for (let x=0;x<8;x++) sum+=rowProducts[y*8+x]!*cv; }\n          transformed[vOffset+u]=roundJpegCoefficient(sum*.25*uFactor*(v===0 ? Math.SQRT1_2 : 1)/q);\n        }\n      }\n      const difference=transformed[0]!-previous[channel]!, size=amplitude(difference,11); emit(size,4); coefficient(difference,size); previous[channel]=transformed[0]!;\n      let zeroes=0;\n      for (let i=1;i<64;i++) {\n        const value=transformed[zigzag[i]!]!;\n        if (value===0) { zeroes++; continue; }\n        while (zeroes>=16) { emit(1,8); zeroes-=16; }\n        const length=amplitude(value,10), symbol=zeroes*16+length; emit(acIndex[symbol]!,8); coefficient(value,length); zeroes=0;\n      }\n      if (zeroes) emit(0,8);\n    }\n    blocks++;\n    },\n    finish():Uint8Array {\n      if(disposed||blocks!==Math.ceil(width/8)*Math.ceil(height/8))throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"JPEG cannot finish incomplete or disposed encoding.\");\n      if(bits)emit((1<<(8-bits))-1,8-bits);\n      // Only the written prefix can hold data; zero it after the copy instead of filling the whole capacity.\n      push(255,217);const output=storage.slice(0,offset);storage.fill(0,0,offset);storage=new Uint8Array(0);disposed=true;return output;\n    },\n    dispose():void {storage.fill(0,0,offset);storage=new Uint8Array(0);disposed=true;}\n  };\n}\n"]}

package/dist/capture/native-environment-lean.js

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import { parseFocusPlane } from "../optics/focus-state.js";
 import { calculateIlluminationVignetting } from "../optics/illumination-vignetting.js";
 import { applyPhysicalCameraRotation, resolveProjectionDistanceMm } from "../motion/camera-rotation.js";
 import { prepareCaptureExposureWindowSampler } from "../sensor/exposure-window.js";
+import { apertureFitAllowanceMicrometers } from "../sensor/sampling-aperture.js";
 import { isPublicOpaqueId } from "../core/record-validation.js";
 import { freezeOwnedData } from "../core/owned-data.js";
 import { composeNativeEnvironmentSensorSite } from "./native-environment-optical-stage.js";
@@ -147,8 +148,10 @@ function geometry(t, k, frame, environment, index) {
         const siteCenterFromTopLeftX = g.firstX + x * g.pitchX, siteCenterFromTopLeftY = g.firstY + y * g.pitchY;
         const apertureCenterFromTopLeftX = siteCenterFromTopLeftX + g.offsetX, apertureCenterFromTopLeftY = siteCenterFromTopLeftY + g.offsetY;
         const imagingWidthMicrometers = g.imagingWidthMm * 1000, imagingHeightMicrometers = g.imagingHeightMm * 1000;
-        if (apertureCenterFromTopLeftX - g.widthUm / 2 < 0 || apertureCenterFromTopLeftY - g.heightUm / 2 < 0 ||
-            apertureCenterFromTopLeftX + g.widthUm / 2 > imagingWidthMicrometers || apertureCenterFromTopLeftY + g.heightUm / 2 > imagingHeightMicrometers)
+        const allowanceX = apertureFitAllowanceMicrometers(imagingWidthMicrometers), allowanceY = apertureFitAllowanceMicrometers(imagingHeightMicrometers);
+        if (apertureCenterFromTopLeftX - g.widthUm / 2 < -allowanceX || apertureCenterFromTopLeftY - g.heightUm / 2 < -allowanceY ||
+            apertureCenterFromTopLeftX + g.widthUm / 2 > imagingWidthMicrometers + allowanceX ||
+            apertureCenterFromTopLeftY + g.heightUm / 2 > imagingHeightMicrometers + allowanceY)
             return undefined;
         const centerX = -g.imagingWidthMm / 2 + apertureCenterFromTopLeftX / 1000, centerY = -g.imagingHeightMm / 2 + apertureCenterFromTopLeftY / 1000;
         // calculateSensorSpatialSamplingQuadrature: midpoint grid nodes minus the anti-aliasing (AA) offset.