@pencil-agent/nano-pencil 2.0.1 → 2.0.2

package/dist/extensions/builtin/browser/agent-workspace/domain-skills/g2/scraping.md

@@ -1,580 +1,580 @@
-# G2 — B2B Software Reviews
-
-Field-tested against g2.com on 2026-04-18.
-
-## Anti-bot verdict: browser required — DataDome blocks every http_get request
-
-`http_get` returns HTTP 403 on every g2.com URL without exception.
-
-Tested URLs (all 403):
-- `https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews`
-- `https://www.g2.com/categories/team-collaboration`
-- `https://www.g2.com/products/slack`
-- `https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews.json`
-- `https://www.g2.com/blog/` (and most `www.g2.com/*`)
-
-UAs tested (all blocked): `Mozilla/5.0`, full Chrome 124 macOS, Googlebot.
-
-**Stack:**
-- **Primary:** DataDome 5.6.1 (`X-DataDome: protected`, `X-DD-B: 1`). Response mode `rt:'c'` = CAPTCHA challenge. Mode `rt:'i'` = invalid/replayed cookie. The `datadome=...` cookie returned in the 403 response is TLS-fingerprint-bound — replaying it yields `rt:'i'` regardless of headers.
-- **Secondary:** Cloudflare CDN (`Server: cloudflare`, `CF-RAY` header present).
-
-DataDome's challenge is **silent** — no CAPTCHA widget appears in a real browser. JS fingerprinting runs post-DOM-ready and resolves automatically. A real Chrome session via CDP passes cleanly.
-
-Pages **not** behind DataDome (safe to `http_get`): `help.g2.com`, `research.g2.com`, `learn.g2.com`, `data.g2.com/api/docs`.
-
-**Use `goto_url()` + `wait()` exclusively. Never use `http_get` for www.g2.com.**
-
----
-
-## Fastest approach: official vendor API (if you have a key)
-
-G2 provides a public REST API at `https://data.g2.com/api/v1` documented at `https://data.g2.com/api/docs`. This API requires a `Token token=<key>` — obtainable by signing up as a G2 vendor/partner. If you have a key, it is faster and more reliable than browser scraping.
-
-```python
-import json, urllib.request
-
-API_KEY = "your_token_here"
-
-def g2_api_get(path, params=""):
-    url = f"https://data.g2.com/api/v1/{path}?{params}"
-    req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={
-        "Authorization": f"Token token={API_KEY}",
-        "Content-Type": "application/vnd.api+json",
-        "Accept": "application/json",
-    })
-    with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=20) as r:
-        return json.loads(r.read())
-
-# 1. Lookup product UUID by slug
-products = g2_api_get("products", "filter[slug]=slack")
-product = products["data"][0]
-product_id = product["id"]  # UUID, e.g. "ac7841ad-cca8-4125-ac6f-6ef6b5848781"
-attrs = product["attributes"]
-print(f"{attrs['name']}: {attrs['star_rating']} stars, {attrs['review_count']} reviews")
-# star_rating: float 0-5 (overall)
-# avg_rating: string e.g. "4.5" (same thing, different format)
-# review_count: total published reviews
-# public_detail_url: "https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews"
-
-# 2. Fetch reviews (survey-responses) for that product
-# page[size] max 100, page[number] starts at 1
-page = 1
-all_reviews = []
-while True:
-    batch = g2_api_get(
-        f"products/{product_id}/survey-responses",
-        f"page[number]={page}&page[size]=100"
-    )
-    reviews = batch["data"]
-    if not reviews:
-        break
-    for r in reviews:
-        a = r["attributes"]
-        all_reviews.append({
-            "id":           r["id"],
-            "title":        a["title"],
-            "star_rating":  a["star_rating"],    # float 0-5
-            "pros":         a["comment_answers"].get("love", ""),  # varies by product
-            "cons":         a["comment_answers"].get("hate", ""),
-            "user_name":    a["user_name"],
-            "country":      a["country_name"],
-            "submitted_at": a["submitted_at"],
-            "source":       a["review_source"],
-        })
-    meta = batch.get("meta", {})
-    if page >= meta.get("page_count", 1):
-        break
-    page += 1
-
-print(f"Fetched {len(all_reviews)} reviews")
-```
-
-### API filter parameters
-
-**Products** (`GET /api/v1/products`):
-
-| Parameter | Description |
-|---|---|
-| `filter[slug]` | Exact URL slug (e.g. `slack`) |
-| `filter[name]` | Product name (fuzzy) |
-| `filter[domain]` | Domain of product website |
-| `page[size]` | Default 10, max 100 |
-| `page[number]` | Page number |
-
-**Survey-responses** (`GET /api/v1/survey-responses` or `/api/v1/products/{id}/survey-responses`):
-
-| Parameter | Description |
-|---|---|
-| `filter[submitted_at_gt]` | Min review submission time (RFC 3339) |
-| `filter[submitted_at_lt]` | Max review submission time |
-| `filter[moderated_at_gt]` | Min publication time |
-| `filter[star_rating]` | Filter by star rating |
-| `page[size]` | Default 10, max 100 |
-
-**Rate limit:** 100 requests/second. Exceeded = blocked for 60 seconds.
-
-### Survey-response field reference
-
-```
-star_rating       float 0-5
-title             string (review headline)
-comment_answers   dict — keys vary by product's question set
-                  common keys: "love" (pros), "hate" (cons), "benefit" (who benefits)
-secondary_answers dict — additional structured answers
-is_public         bool — reviewer consented to attribution
-user_name         string
-country_name      string
-regions           list[string]
-submitted_at      ISO 8601 datetime
-moderated_at      ISO 8601 datetime (when published)
-review_source     "Organic review..." or incentivized text
-votes_up          int — helpful votes
-votes_down        int
-product_id        UUID
-slug              URL slug for the individual review
-```
-
----
-
-## Browser approach (no API key required)
-
-### Setup: open in new tab, wait for DataDome to clear
-
-```python
-new_tab("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
-wait_for_load()
-wait(5)  # DataDome JS fingerprinting runs 2-4s after readyState=complete
-```
-
-`wait(5)` is mandatory. Extracting before it completes returns empty or blocked content.
-
-Verify you are on the real page, not the DataDome challenge page:
-
-```python
-title = js("document.title")
-url_now = page_info()["url"]
-if "g2.com" not in url_now or "captcha-delivery.com" in url_now:
-    wait(5)
-    title = js("document.title")
-    url_now = page_info()["url"]
-    assert "captcha-delivery.com" not in url_now, f"Still on DataDome challenge: {url_now}"
-```
-
----
-
-## URL patterns
-
-| Goal | URL |
-|---|---|
-| Product reviews | `/products/{slug}/reviews` |
-| Product reviews page 2+ | `/products/{slug}/reviews?page=2` |
-| Single review | `/products/{slug}/reviews/{review-slug}` |
-| Product overview | `/products/{slug}` |
-| Category listing | `/categories/{slug}` |
-| Category grid | `/categories/{slug}/grids` (disallowed in robots.txt — may not render) |
-| Compare | `/compare/{slug1}-vs-{slug2}` |
-
-Product slug is the lowercase hyphenated name from the URL: `slack`, `microsoft-teams`, `notion`, `salesforce-sales-cloud`.
-
----
-
-## Workflow 1: Product rating and review count
-
-G2 is a **Rails app** (not Next.js) — there is no `__NEXT_DATA__`. Use schema.org microdata attributes.
-
-```python
-import json
-
-goto_url("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
-wait_for_load()
-wait(5)
-
-summary = js("""
-(function() {
-  // Schema.org AggregateRating microdata — most reliable, SSR-rendered
-  var aggEl = document.querySelector('[itemtype*="AggregateRating"]');
-  var ratingVal = aggEl ? aggEl.querySelector('[itemprop="ratingValue"]') : null;
-  var reviewCt  = aggEl ? aggEl.querySelector('[itemprop="reviewCount"]') : null;
-
-  // Fallback: plain text in the header band
-  var ratingFb  = document.querySelector('.x-current-rating, [data-next-head] ~ * .fw-bold, .star-rating__stars');
-  var countFb   = document.querySelector('.link-color-inherit, .reviews-count');
-
-  // Product name
-  var nameEl = document.querySelector('[itemprop="name"], h1.l1');
-
-  return JSON.stringify({
-    name:         nameEl   ? nameEl.innerText.trim()          : '',
-    rating:       ratingVal ? ratingVal.getAttribute('content') || ratingVal.innerText.trim() : '',
-    review_count: reviewCt  ? reviewCt.getAttribute('content')  || reviewCt.innerText.trim()  : '',
-    rating_fb:    ratingFb  ? ratingFb.innerText.trim()          : '',
-    count_fb:     countFb   ? countFb.innerText.trim()           : '',
-  });
-})()
-""")
-
-data = json.loads(summary)
-print("Product:", data["name"])
-print("Rating:", data["rating"] or data["rating_fb"])
-print("Reviews:", data["review_count"] or data["count_fb"])
-```
-
----
-
-## Workflow 2: Star distribution (rating breakdown)
-
-The rating distribution histogram (5-star, 4-star, …) is rendered server-side with a progress bar or percentage spans.
-
-```python
-import json
-
-goto_url("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
-wait_for_load()
-wait(5)
-
-dist = js("""
-(function() {
-  // G2 renders star distribution in a table or bar list
-  // Selector targets the rating breakdown rows
-  var rows = document.querySelectorAll(
-    '[data-star-rating], .rating-breakdown__row, .star-distribution tr, [class*="StarBreakdown"]'
-  );
-  var result = {};
-  for (var i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
-    var r = rows[i];
-    // Star level: look for a number or aria-label containing the star count
-    var starEl = r.querySelector('[data-star], .star-count, [class*="starCount"], td:first-child');
-    var pctEl  = r.querySelector('[data-percentage], .pct, [class*="percentage"], td:last-child');
-    var countEl = r.querySelector('[data-count], .count-text');
-    var star = starEl ? starEl.innerText.trim() : '';
-    if (star && /^[1-5]/.test(star)) {
-      result[star] = {
-        pct:   pctEl   ? pctEl.innerText.trim()   : '',
-        count: countEl ? countEl.innerText.trim() : '',
-      };
-    }
-  }
-  // If nothing found, try aria-label approach for SVG-based bars
-  if (!Object.keys(result).length) {
-    var bars = document.querySelectorAll('[aria-label*="star"], [aria-label*="-star"]');
-    for (var j = 0; j < bars.length; j++) {
-      var lbl = bars[j].getAttribute('aria-label') || '';
-      var m = lbl.match(/(\d)-star.*?(\d+\.?\d*)%/i);
-      if (m) result[m[1]] = { pct: m[2] + '%', count: '' };
-    }
-  }
-  return JSON.stringify(result);
-})()
-""")
-
-distribution = json.loads(dist)
-for star in ["5", "4", "3", "2", "1"]:
-    d = distribution.get(star, {})
-    print(f"{star}★: {d.get('pct','?')} ({d.get('count','?')})")
-```
-
-If the distribution returns empty, take a screenshot and inspect the actual element structure:
-
-```python
-capture_screenshot("/tmp/g2_reviews.png")
-# Inspect the image, then adjust selectors above
-```
-
----
-
-## Workflow 3: Extract individual review cards
-
-G2 renders reviews server-side as schema.org `Review` microdata items. Extract before scrolling — a sign-in modal may appear after scrolling past 5 visible reviews.
-
-```python
-import json
-
-goto_url("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
-wait_for_load()
-wait(5)
-
-# Dismiss cookie consent banner (GDPR regions)
-dismissed = js("""
-(function() {
-  var btns = [
-    '#onetrust-accept-btn-handler',
-    'button[id*="accept"]',
-    'button[class*="consent"]',
-    '.js-cookie-consent-button',
-  ];
-  for (var i = 0; i < btns.length; i++) {
-    var b = document.querySelector(btns[i]);
-    if (b && b.offsetParent !== null) { b.click(); return btns[i]; }
-  }
-  return null;
-})()
-""")
-if dismissed:
-    wait(1)
-
-reviews = js("""
-(function() {
-  // Primary: schema.org Review microdata (SSR-rendered, stable)
-  var cards = document.querySelectorAll(
-    '[itemtype*="schema.org/Review"], [data-survey-id], .paper--box[data-id]'
-  );
-  if (!cards.length) {
-    // Fallback: G2's newer CSS class patterns
-    cards = document.querySelectorAll(
-      '[class*="ReviewCard"], [class*="review-card"], article[class*="review"]'
-    );
-  }
-  var out = [];
-  for (var i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
-    var c = cards[i];
-
-    // Overall star rating
-    var ratingEl  = c.querySelector('[itemprop="ratingValue"], [class*="starRating"], .x-star-rating');
-    var stars     = ratingEl ? (ratingEl.getAttribute('content') || ratingEl.innerText.trim()) : '';
-
-    // Review title
-    var titleEl   = c.querySelector('[itemprop="name"], h3[class*="title"], .review-title');
-    var title     = titleEl ? titleEl.innerText.trim() : '';
-
-    // Review body (pros/cons are usually separate elements within reviewBody)
-    var bodyEl    = c.querySelector('[itemprop="reviewBody"]');
-    var body      = bodyEl ? bodyEl.innerText.trim() : '';
-
-    // Explicit pros / cons when rendered as separate sections
-    var prosEl    = c.querySelector('[class*="pros"], [data-pros]');
-    var consEl    = c.querySelector('[class*="cons"], [data-cons]');
-    var pros      = prosEl ? prosEl.innerText.trim() : '';
-    var cons      = consEl ? consEl.innerText.trim() : '';
-
-    // Reviewer job title / company
-    var jobEl     = c.querySelector('[class*="reviewer-title"], [class*="authorTitle"], [itemprop="jobTitle"]');
-    var jobTitle  = jobEl ? jobEl.innerText.trim() : '';
-
-    // Date
-    var dateEl    = c.querySelector('time[itemprop="datePublished"], [itemprop="datePublished"]');
-    var date      = dateEl ? (dateEl.getAttribute('datetime') || dateEl.innerText.trim()) : '';
-
-    // Survey ID (internal review ID)
-    var surveyId  = c.getAttribute('data-survey-id') || c.getAttribute('data-id') || '';
-
-    if (title || pros || body) {
-      out.push({ surveyId, stars, title, pros, cons, body, jobTitle, date });
-    }
-  }
-  return JSON.stringify(out);
-})()
-""")
-
-results = json.loads(reviews)
-for r in results:
-    print(f"{r['stars']}★ | {r['title']} | {r['jobTitle']} | {r['date']}")
-    if r['pros']:  print(f"  + {r['pros'][:120]}")
-    if r['cons']:  print(f"  - {r['cons'][:120]}")
-    if r['body'] and not r['pros']: print(f"  {r['body'][:200]}")
-```
-
-**If `results` is empty:** G2 may have re-skinned. Take a screenshot and inspect the DOM:
-
-```python
-capture_screenshot("/tmp/g2_page.png")
-# Check element structure with:
-structure = js("""
-(function() {
-  // Dump first article/div with 'review' in its classes
-  var el = document.querySelector(
-    'article, [class*="review"], [class*="Review"], [data-survey-id]'
-  );
-  return el ? el.outerHTML.slice(0, 2000) : 'NOT FOUND';
-})()
-""")
-print(structure)
-```
-
----
-
-## Workflow 4: Review pagination
-
-G2 paginates reviews via `?page=N` query parameter (Rails standard).
-
-```python
-import json
-
-slug = "slack"
-all_reviews = []
-
-for page_num in range(1, 6):  # up to 5 pages (~10 reviews each)
-    url = f"https://www.g2.com/products/{slug}/reviews?page={page_num}"
-    if page_num == 1:
-        goto_url(url)
-    else:
-        goto_url(url)
-    wait_for_load()
-    wait(4 if page_num == 1 else 2)  # DataDome only challenges on first page in session
-
-    batch_json = js("""
-    (function() {
-      var cards = document.querySelectorAll(
-        '[itemtype*="schema.org/Review"], [data-survey-id], [class*="ReviewCard"]'
-      );
-      var out = [];
-      for (var i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
-        var c = cards[i];
-        var ratingEl = c.querySelector('[itemprop="ratingValue"]');
-        var titleEl  = c.querySelector('[itemprop="name"]');
-        var bodyEl   = c.querySelector('[itemprop="reviewBody"]');
-        var dateEl   = c.querySelector('time[itemprop="datePublished"]');
-        var jobEl    = c.querySelector('[itemprop="jobTitle"]');
-        out.push({
-          stars:    ratingEl ? (ratingEl.getAttribute('content') || ratingEl.innerText.trim()) : '',
-          title:    titleEl  ? titleEl.innerText.trim()   : '',
-          body:     bodyEl   ? bodyEl.innerText.trim()    : '',
-          date:     dateEl   ? (dateEl.getAttribute('datetime') || dateEl.innerText.trim()) : '',
-          jobTitle: jobEl    ? jobEl.innerText.trim()     : '',
-        });
-      }
-      return JSON.stringify(out.filter(r => r.title || r.body));
-    })()
-    """)
-
-    batch = json.loads(batch_json)
-    if not batch:
-        break  # no more reviews
-    all_reviews.extend(batch)
-    print(f"Page {page_num}: {len(batch)} reviews")
-
-print(f"Total: {len(all_reviews)} reviews")
-```
-
----
-
-## Workflow 5: Category product listing
-
-```python
-import json
-
-goto_url("https://www.g2.com/categories/team-collaboration")
-wait_for_load()
-wait(5)
-
-products = js("""
-(function() {
-  // Product cards in category listing
-  var cards = document.querySelectorAll(
-    '[itemtype*="SoftwareApplication"], [data-product-id], [class*="ProductCard"], [class*="product-listing"]'
-  );
-  var out = [];
-  for (var i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
-    var c = cards[i];
-    var nameEl   = c.querySelector('[itemprop="name"], h3, h2, [class*="productName"]');
-    var ratingEl = c.querySelector('[itemprop="ratingValue"], [class*="rating"]');
-    var countEl  = c.querySelector('[itemprop="reviewCount"], [class*="reviewCount"]');
-    var linkEl   = c.querySelector('a[href*="/products/"]');
-    var imgEl    = c.querySelector('img[itemprop="image"], img[class*="logo"]');
-    out.push({
-      name:    nameEl   ? nameEl.innerText.trim()   : '',
-      rating:  ratingEl ? (ratingEl.getAttribute('content') || ratingEl.innerText.trim()) : '',
-      reviews: countEl  ? (countEl.getAttribute('content') || countEl.innerText.trim()) : '',
-      url:     linkEl   ? linkEl.href                                                    : '',
-      logo:    imgEl    ? imgEl.src                                                      : '',
-    });
-  }
-  return JSON.stringify(out.filter(p => p.name));
-})()
-""")
-
-listing = json.loads(products)
-for p in listing:
-    print(f"{p['name']}: {p['rating']}★ ({p['reviews']} reviews)")
-```
-
----
-
-## Detecting DataDome challenge vs. real page
-
-```python
-def g2_is_datadome_blocked() -> bool:
-    """True if DataDome challenge is still running (not on the real G2 page)."""
-    url_now = page_info()["url"]
-    title   = js("document.title") or ""
-    return (
-        "captcha-delivery.com" in url_now
-        or "datadome" in url_now.lower()
-        or title.strip() == "g2.com"          # DataDome 403 response has title="g2.com"
-    )
-
-# Usage
-new_tab("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
-wait_for_load()
-wait(5)
-
-if g2_is_datadome_blocked():
-    wait(10)  # give DataDome JS extra time to complete
-    if g2_is_datadome_blocked():
-        capture_screenshot("/tmp/g2_dd_block.png")
-        raise RuntimeError("DataDome challenge did not resolve — check screenshot")
-```
-
----
-
-## Handling the sign-in modal
-
-A login modal appears after scrolling past ~5 reviews (triggered by scroll, not on load). Extract all visible review cards **before scrolling**. If you need to scroll:
-
-```python
-def dismiss_g2_login_modal():
-    """Close G2's sign-in overlay. Safe to call if no modal is present."""
-    closed = js("""
-    (function() {
-      var selectors = [
-        '[data-close-modal], [data-modal-close]',
-        'button[aria-label="Close"]',
-        '[class*="modal"] button[class*="close"]',
-        '[class*="Modal"] button[class*="close"]',
-        '.modal-dialog .close',
-        'button.close',
-      ];
-      for (var i = 0; i < selectors.length; i++) {
-        var btn = document.querySelector(selectors[i]);
-        if (btn && btn.offsetParent !== null) {
-          btn.click();
-          return selectors[i];
-        }
-      }
-      return null;
-    })()
-    """)
-    if closed:
-        wait(1)
-    return closed
-```
-
-Call `dismiss_g2_login_modal()` after any scroll action that might trigger the modal.
-
----
-
-## Gotchas
-
-- **`http_get` is permanently blocked.** DataDome 5.6.1 intercepts every Python `urllib` / `requests` call. The blocking signal is `X-DataDome: protected` + `X-DD-B: 1` in the response header, response body `rt:'c'` (CAPTCHA). No User-Agent, header set, or cookie replay bypasses it because the `datadome` cookie is bound to the originating TLS fingerprint. Without a real browser's TLS/JA3 fingerprint, the cookie is rejected as `rt:'i'` (invalid).
-
-- **DataDome does NOT block real Chrome via CDP.** The harness connects to Chrome via CDP. Chrome presents a genuine JA3 TLS fingerprint plus browser APIs (canvas, WebGL, Navigator). DataDome's fingerprinting sees a real browser and issues a valid `datadome` cookie silently (no CAPTCHA widget, no user action needed).
-
-- **`wait(5)` minimum after `wait_for_load()`.** DataDome's JS runs 2–4 seconds after `readyState='complete'`. The challenge page title is `"g2.com"` (not "G2 | Software Reviews..."). Checking `document.title` reliably distinguishes challenge from real page.
-
-- **G2 is a Rails app — no `__NEXT_DATA__`.** Unlike Next.js sites, G2 does NOT embed page data in a JSON script tag. All data must be extracted from the rendered HTML or via the official API. G2 uses Hotwire (Turbo + Stimulus) for frontend interactivity.
-
-- **Schema.org microdata is the reliable extraction path.** G2 bakes `itemtype` / `itemprop` attributes into their SSR HTML. These are stable across visual redesigns because they serve SEO purposes. Prefer `[itemprop="ratingValue"]` over class-based selectors.
-
-- **`comment_answers` key names vary by product.** The API's `comment_answers` dict uses question-specific keys that differ across products. Common keys include `"love"` (what do you like best?), `"hate"` (what do you dislike?), `"benefit"` (what benefits?), but these are not guaranteed. Inspect the raw response first.
-
-- **Sign-in modal triggers on scroll.** G2 limits anonymous visitors to the reviews visible in the initial viewport (~5 reviews). Scrolling triggers a login modal. Extract all initial cards before any scroll call. To get more reviews without login, use `?page=2`, `?page=3`, etc. instead of scrolling.
-
-- **Rate limiting on navigation.** G2 does not publish a browser-facing rate limit, but rapid consecutive `goto_url()` calls (< 2s apart) can trigger soft blocks. Use `wait(3)` between product page navigations and `wait(2)` between paginated review pages in the same session.
-
-- **Cloudflare is CDN-only here, not Bot Management.** The `Server: cloudflare` header and `__cf_bm` cookie are standard Cloudflare CDN features (not the Cloudflare Bot Management product). The actual anti-bot protection is DataDome. Do not apply Glassdoor-style CF challenge waits — the DataDome wait is what matters.
-
-- **`data.g2.com` API needs a vendor token.** The API requires `Authorization: Token token=<key>`. The key is obtained by registering as a G2 vendor or partner at `https://www.g2.com/sells`. The 401 response body is `{"errors":[{"status":"401","title":"Bad Credentials"}]}` — no further auth clues.
-
-- **Product UUIDs are required for the API.** The API uses UUIDs (e.g. `ac7841ad-cca8-4125-ac6f-6ef6b5848781`) not slugs for relationship endpoints like `/products/{id}/survey-responses`. Look up the UUID first via `GET /api/v1/products?filter[slug]=slack`.
-
-- **`/categories/*/grids` is disallowed in robots.txt** — may return 403 or empty content even in a browser session.
+# G2 — B2B Software Reviews
+
+Field-tested against g2.com on 2026-04-18.
+
+## Anti-bot verdict: browser required — DataDome blocks every http_get request
+
+`http_get` returns HTTP 403 on every g2.com URL without exception.
+
+Tested URLs (all 403):
+- `https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews`
+- `https://www.g2.com/categories/team-collaboration`
+- `https://www.g2.com/products/slack`
+- `https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews.json`
+- `https://www.g2.com/blog/` (and most `www.g2.com/*`)
+
+UAs tested (all blocked): `Mozilla/5.0`, full Chrome 124 macOS, Googlebot.
+
+**Stack:**
+- **Primary:** DataDome 5.6.1 (`X-DataDome: protected`, `X-DD-B: 1`). Response mode `rt:'c'` = CAPTCHA challenge. Mode `rt:'i'` = invalid/replayed cookie. The `datadome=...` cookie returned in the 403 response is TLS-fingerprint-bound — replaying it yields `rt:'i'` regardless of headers.
+- **Secondary:** Cloudflare CDN (`Server: cloudflare`, `CF-RAY` header present).
+
+DataDome's challenge is **silent** — no CAPTCHA widget appears in a real browser. JS fingerprinting runs post-DOM-ready and resolves automatically. A real Chrome session via CDP passes cleanly.
+
+Pages **not** behind DataDome (safe to `http_get`): `help.g2.com`, `research.g2.com`, `learn.g2.com`, `data.g2.com/api/docs`.
+
+**Use `goto_url()` + `wait()` exclusively. Never use `http_get` for www.g2.com.**
+
+---
+
+## Fastest approach: official vendor API (if you have a key)
+
+G2 provides a public REST API at `https://data.g2.com/api/v1` documented at `https://data.g2.com/api/docs`. This API requires a `Token token=<key>` — obtainable by signing up as a G2 vendor/partner. If you have a key, it is faster and more reliable than browser scraping.
+
+```python
+import json, urllib.request
+
+API_KEY = "your_token_here"
+
+def g2_api_get(path, params=""):
+    url = f"https://data.g2.com/api/v1/{path}?{params}"
+    req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={
+        "Authorization": f"Token token={API_KEY}",
+        "Content-Type": "application/vnd.api+json",
+        "Accept": "application/json",
+    })
+    with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=20) as r:
+        return json.loads(r.read())
+
+# 1. Lookup product UUID by slug
+products = g2_api_get("products", "filter[slug]=slack")
+product = products["data"][0]
+product_id = product["id"]  # UUID, e.g. "ac7841ad-cca8-4125-ac6f-6ef6b5848781"
+attrs = product["attributes"]
+print(f"{attrs['name']}: {attrs['star_rating']} stars, {attrs['review_count']} reviews")
+# star_rating: float 0-5 (overall)
+# avg_rating: string e.g. "4.5" (same thing, different format)
+# review_count: total published reviews
+# public_detail_url: "https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews"
+
+# 2. Fetch reviews (survey-responses) for that product
+# page[size] max 100, page[number] starts at 1
+page = 1
+all_reviews = []
+while True:
+    batch = g2_api_get(
+        f"products/{product_id}/survey-responses",
+        f"page[number]={page}&page[size]=100"
+    )
+    reviews = batch["data"]
+    if not reviews:
+        break
+    for r in reviews:
+        a = r["attributes"]
+        all_reviews.append({
+            "id":           r["id"],
+            "title":        a["title"],
+            "star_rating":  a["star_rating"],    # float 0-5
+            "pros":         a["comment_answers"].get("love", ""),  # varies by product
+            "cons":         a["comment_answers"].get("hate", ""),
+            "user_name":    a["user_name"],
+            "country":      a["country_name"],
+            "submitted_at": a["submitted_at"],
+            "source":       a["review_source"],
+        })
+    meta = batch.get("meta", {})
+    if page >= meta.get("page_count", 1):
+        break
+    page += 1
+
+print(f"Fetched {len(all_reviews)} reviews")
+```
+
+### API filter parameters
+
+**Products** (`GET /api/v1/products`):
+
+| Parameter | Description |
+|---|---|
+| `filter[slug]` | Exact URL slug (e.g. `slack`) |
+| `filter[name]` | Product name (fuzzy) |
+| `filter[domain]` | Domain of product website |
+| `page[size]` | Default 10, max 100 |
+| `page[number]` | Page number |
+
+**Survey-responses** (`GET /api/v1/survey-responses` or `/api/v1/products/{id}/survey-responses`):
+
+| Parameter | Description |
+|---|---|
+| `filter[submitted_at_gt]` | Min review submission time (RFC 3339) |
+| `filter[submitted_at_lt]` | Max review submission time |
+| `filter[moderated_at_gt]` | Min publication time |
+| `filter[star_rating]` | Filter by star rating |
+| `page[size]` | Default 10, max 100 |
+
+**Rate limit:** 100 requests/second. Exceeded = blocked for 60 seconds.
+
+### Survey-response field reference
+
+```
+star_rating       float 0-5
+title             string (review headline)
+comment_answers   dict — keys vary by product's question set
+                  common keys: "love" (pros), "hate" (cons), "benefit" (who benefits)
+secondary_answers dict — additional structured answers
+is_public         bool — reviewer consented to attribution
+user_name         string
+country_name      string
+regions           list[string]
+submitted_at      ISO 8601 datetime
+moderated_at      ISO 8601 datetime (when published)
+review_source     "Organic review..." or incentivized text
+votes_up          int — helpful votes
+votes_down        int
+product_id        UUID
+slug              URL slug for the individual review
+```
+
+---
+
+## Browser approach (no API key required)
+
+### Setup: open in new tab, wait for DataDome to clear
+
+```python
+new_tab("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
+wait_for_load()
+wait(5)  # DataDome JS fingerprinting runs 2-4s after readyState=complete
+```
+
+`wait(5)` is mandatory. Extracting before it completes returns empty or blocked content.
+
+Verify you are on the real page, not the DataDome challenge page:
+
+```python
+title = js("document.title")
+url_now = page_info()["url"]
+if "g2.com" not in url_now or "captcha-delivery.com" in url_now:
+    wait(5)
+    title = js("document.title")
+    url_now = page_info()["url"]
+    assert "captcha-delivery.com" not in url_now, f"Still on DataDome challenge: {url_now}"
+```
+
+---
+
+## URL patterns
+
+| Goal | URL |
+|---|---|
+| Product reviews | `/products/{slug}/reviews` |
+| Product reviews page 2+ | `/products/{slug}/reviews?page=2` |
+| Single review | `/products/{slug}/reviews/{review-slug}` |
+| Product overview | `/products/{slug}` |
+| Category listing | `/categories/{slug}` |
+| Category grid | `/categories/{slug}/grids` (disallowed in robots.txt — may not render) |
+| Compare | `/compare/{slug1}-vs-{slug2}` |
+
+Product slug is the lowercase hyphenated name from the URL: `slack`, `microsoft-teams`, `notion`, `salesforce-sales-cloud`.
+
+---
+
+## Workflow 1: Product rating and review count
+
+G2 is a **Rails app** (not Next.js) — there is no `__NEXT_DATA__`. Use schema.org microdata attributes.
+
+```python
+import json
+
+goto_url("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
+wait_for_load()
+wait(5)
+
+summary = js("""
+(function() {
+  // Schema.org AggregateRating microdata — most reliable, SSR-rendered
+  var aggEl = document.querySelector('[itemtype*="AggregateRating"]');
+  var ratingVal = aggEl ? aggEl.querySelector('[itemprop="ratingValue"]') : null;
+  var reviewCt  = aggEl ? aggEl.querySelector('[itemprop="reviewCount"]') : null;
+
+  // Fallback: plain text in the header band
+  var ratingFb  = document.querySelector('.x-current-rating, [data-next-head] ~ * .fw-bold, .star-rating__stars');
+  var countFb   = document.querySelector('.link-color-inherit, .reviews-count');
+
+  // Product name
+  var nameEl = document.querySelector('[itemprop="name"], h1.l1');
+
+  return JSON.stringify({
+    name:         nameEl   ? nameEl.innerText.trim()          : '',
+    rating:       ratingVal ? ratingVal.getAttribute('content') || ratingVal.innerText.trim() : '',
+    review_count: reviewCt  ? reviewCt.getAttribute('content')  || reviewCt.innerText.trim()  : '',
+    rating_fb:    ratingFb  ? ratingFb.innerText.trim()          : '',
+    count_fb:     countFb   ? countFb.innerText.trim()           : '',
+  });
+})()
+""")
+
+data = json.loads(summary)
+print("Product:", data["name"])
+print("Rating:", data["rating"] or data["rating_fb"])
+print("Reviews:", data["review_count"] or data["count_fb"])
+```
+
+---
+
+## Workflow 2: Star distribution (rating breakdown)
+
+The rating distribution histogram (5-star, 4-star, …) is rendered server-side with a progress bar or percentage spans.
+
+```python
+import json
+
+goto_url("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
+wait_for_load()
+wait(5)
+
+dist = js("""
+(function() {
+  // G2 renders star distribution in a table or bar list
+  // Selector targets the rating breakdown rows
+  var rows = document.querySelectorAll(
+    '[data-star-rating], .rating-breakdown__row, .star-distribution tr, [class*="StarBreakdown"]'
+  );
+  var result = {};
+  for (var i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
+    var r = rows[i];
+    // Star level: look for a number or aria-label containing the star count
+    var starEl = r.querySelector('[data-star], .star-count, [class*="starCount"], td:first-child');
+    var pctEl  = r.querySelector('[data-percentage], .pct, [class*="percentage"], td:last-child');
+    var countEl = r.querySelector('[data-count], .count-text');
+    var star = starEl ? starEl.innerText.trim() : '';
+    if (star && /^[1-5]/.test(star)) {
+      result[star] = {
+        pct:   pctEl   ? pctEl.innerText.trim()   : '',
+        count: countEl ? countEl.innerText.trim() : '',
+      };
+    }
+  }
+  // If nothing found, try aria-label approach for SVG-based bars
+  if (!Object.keys(result).length) {
+    var bars = document.querySelectorAll('[aria-label*="star"], [aria-label*="-star"]');
+    for (var j = 0; j < bars.length; j++) {
+      var lbl = bars[j].getAttribute('aria-label') || '';
+      var m = lbl.match(/(\d)-star.*?(\d+\.?\d*)%/i);
+      if (m) result[m[1]] = { pct: m[2] + '%', count: '' };
+    }
+  }
+  return JSON.stringify(result);
+})()
+""")
+
+distribution = json.loads(dist)
+for star in ["5", "4", "3", "2", "1"]:
+    d = distribution.get(star, {})
+    print(f"{star}★: {d.get('pct','?')} ({d.get('count','?')})")
+```
+
+If the distribution returns empty, take a screenshot and inspect the actual element structure:
+
+```python
+capture_screenshot("/tmp/g2_reviews.png")
+# Inspect the image, then adjust selectors above
+```
+
+---
+
+## Workflow 3: Extract individual review cards
+
+G2 renders reviews server-side as schema.org `Review` microdata items. Extract before scrolling — a sign-in modal may appear after scrolling past 5 visible reviews.
+
+```python
+import json
+
+goto_url("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
+wait_for_load()
+wait(5)
+
+# Dismiss cookie consent banner (GDPR regions)
+dismissed = js("""
+(function() {
+  var btns = [
+    '#onetrust-accept-btn-handler',
+    'button[id*="accept"]',
+    'button[class*="consent"]',
+    '.js-cookie-consent-button',
+  ];
+  for (var i = 0; i < btns.length; i++) {
+    var b = document.querySelector(btns[i]);
+    if (b && b.offsetParent !== null) { b.click(); return btns[i]; }
+  }
+  return null;
+})()
+""")
+if dismissed:
+    wait(1)
+
+reviews = js("""
+(function() {
+  // Primary: schema.org Review microdata (SSR-rendered, stable)
+  var cards = document.querySelectorAll(
+    '[itemtype*="schema.org/Review"], [data-survey-id], .paper--box[data-id]'
+  );
+  if (!cards.length) {
+    // Fallback: G2's newer CSS class patterns
+    cards = document.querySelectorAll(
+      '[class*="ReviewCard"], [class*="review-card"], article[class*="review"]'
+    );
+  }
+  var out = [];
+  for (var i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
+    var c = cards[i];
+
+    // Overall star rating
+    var ratingEl  = c.querySelector('[itemprop="ratingValue"], [class*="starRating"], .x-star-rating');
+    var stars     = ratingEl ? (ratingEl.getAttribute('content') || ratingEl.innerText.trim()) : '';
+
+    // Review title
+    var titleEl   = c.querySelector('[itemprop="name"], h3[class*="title"], .review-title');
+    var title     = titleEl ? titleEl.innerText.trim() : '';
+
+    // Review body (pros/cons are usually separate elements within reviewBody)
+    var bodyEl    = c.querySelector('[itemprop="reviewBody"]');
+    var body      = bodyEl ? bodyEl.innerText.trim() : '';
+
+    // Explicit pros / cons when rendered as separate sections
+    var prosEl    = c.querySelector('[class*="pros"], [data-pros]');
+    var consEl    = c.querySelector('[class*="cons"], [data-cons]');
+    var pros      = prosEl ? prosEl.innerText.trim() : '';
+    var cons      = consEl ? consEl.innerText.trim() : '';
+
+    // Reviewer job title / company
+    var jobEl     = c.querySelector('[class*="reviewer-title"], [class*="authorTitle"], [itemprop="jobTitle"]');
+    var jobTitle  = jobEl ? jobEl.innerText.trim() : '';
+
+    // Date
+    var dateEl    = c.querySelector('time[itemprop="datePublished"], [itemprop="datePublished"]');
+    var date      = dateEl ? (dateEl.getAttribute('datetime') || dateEl.innerText.trim()) : '';
+
+    // Survey ID (internal review ID)
+    var surveyId  = c.getAttribute('data-survey-id') || c.getAttribute('data-id') || '';
+
+    if (title || pros || body) {
+      out.push({ surveyId, stars, title, pros, cons, body, jobTitle, date });
+    }
+  }
+  return JSON.stringify(out);
+})()
+""")
+
+results = json.loads(reviews)
+for r in results:
+    print(f"{r['stars']}★ | {r['title']} | {r['jobTitle']} | {r['date']}")
+    if r['pros']:  print(f"  + {r['pros'][:120]}")
+    if r['cons']:  print(f"  - {r['cons'][:120]}")
+    if r['body'] and not r['pros']: print(f"  {r['body'][:200]}")
+```
+
+**If `results` is empty:** G2 may have re-skinned. Take a screenshot and inspect the DOM:
+
+```python
+capture_screenshot("/tmp/g2_page.png")
+# Check element structure with:
+structure = js("""
+(function() {
+  // Dump first article/div with 'review' in its classes
+  var el = document.querySelector(
+    'article, [class*="review"], [class*="Review"], [data-survey-id]'
+  );
+  return el ? el.outerHTML.slice(0, 2000) : 'NOT FOUND';
+})()
+""")
+print(structure)
+```
+
+---
+
+## Workflow 4: Review pagination
+
+G2 paginates reviews via `?page=N` query parameter (Rails standard).
+
+```python
+import json
+
+slug = "slack"
+all_reviews = []
+
+for page_num in range(1, 6):  # up to 5 pages (~10 reviews each)
+    url = f"https://www.g2.com/products/{slug}/reviews?page={page_num}"
+    if page_num == 1:
+        goto_url(url)
+    else:
+        goto_url(url)
+    wait_for_load()
+    wait(4 if page_num == 1 else 2)  # DataDome only challenges on first page in session
+
+    batch_json = js("""
+    (function() {
+      var cards = document.querySelectorAll(
+        '[itemtype*="schema.org/Review"], [data-survey-id], [class*="ReviewCard"]'
+      );
+      var out = [];
+      for (var i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
+        var c = cards[i];
+        var ratingEl = c.querySelector('[itemprop="ratingValue"]');
+        var titleEl  = c.querySelector('[itemprop="name"]');
+        var bodyEl   = c.querySelector('[itemprop="reviewBody"]');
+        var dateEl   = c.querySelector('time[itemprop="datePublished"]');
+        var jobEl    = c.querySelector('[itemprop="jobTitle"]');
+        out.push({
+          stars:    ratingEl ? (ratingEl.getAttribute('content') || ratingEl.innerText.trim()) : '',
+          title:    titleEl  ? titleEl.innerText.trim()   : '',
+          body:     bodyEl   ? bodyEl.innerText.trim()    : '',
+          date:     dateEl   ? (dateEl.getAttribute('datetime') || dateEl.innerText.trim()) : '',
+          jobTitle: jobEl    ? jobEl.innerText.trim()     : '',
+        });
+      }
+      return JSON.stringify(out.filter(r => r.title || r.body));
+    })()
+    """)
+
+    batch = json.loads(batch_json)
+    if not batch:
+        break  # no more reviews
+    all_reviews.extend(batch)
+    print(f"Page {page_num}: {len(batch)} reviews")
+
+print(f"Total: {len(all_reviews)} reviews")
+```
+
+---
+
+## Workflow 5: Category product listing
+
+```python
+import json
+
+goto_url("https://www.g2.com/categories/team-collaboration")
+wait_for_load()
+wait(5)
+
+products = js("""
+(function() {
+  // Product cards in category listing
+  var cards = document.querySelectorAll(
+    '[itemtype*="SoftwareApplication"], [data-product-id], [class*="ProductCard"], [class*="product-listing"]'
+  );
+  var out = [];
+  for (var i = 0; i < cards.length; i++) {
+    var c = cards[i];
+    var nameEl   = c.querySelector('[itemprop="name"], h3, h2, [class*="productName"]');
+    var ratingEl = c.querySelector('[itemprop="ratingValue"], [class*="rating"]');
+    var countEl  = c.querySelector('[itemprop="reviewCount"], [class*="reviewCount"]');
+    var linkEl   = c.querySelector('a[href*="/products/"]');
+    var imgEl    = c.querySelector('img[itemprop="image"], img[class*="logo"]');
+    out.push({
+      name:    nameEl   ? nameEl.innerText.trim()   : '',
+      rating:  ratingEl ? (ratingEl.getAttribute('content') || ratingEl.innerText.trim()) : '',
+      reviews: countEl  ? (countEl.getAttribute('content') || countEl.innerText.trim()) : '',
+      url:     linkEl   ? linkEl.href                                                    : '',
+      logo:    imgEl    ? imgEl.src                                                      : '',
+    });
+  }
+  return JSON.stringify(out.filter(p => p.name));
+})()
+""")
+
+listing = json.loads(products)
+for p in listing:
+    print(f"{p['name']}: {p['rating']}★ ({p['reviews']} reviews)")
+```
+
+---
+
+## Detecting DataDome challenge vs. real page
+
+```python
+def g2_is_datadome_blocked() -> bool:
+    """True if DataDome challenge is still running (not on the real G2 page)."""
+    url_now = page_info()["url"]
+    title   = js("document.title") or ""
+    return (
+        "captcha-delivery.com" in url_now
+        or "datadome" in url_now.lower()
+        or title.strip() == "g2.com"          # DataDome 403 response has title="g2.com"
+    )
+
+# Usage
+new_tab("https://www.g2.com/products/slack/reviews")
+wait_for_load()
+wait(5)
+
+if g2_is_datadome_blocked():
+    wait(10)  # give DataDome JS extra time to complete
+    if g2_is_datadome_blocked():
+        capture_screenshot("/tmp/g2_dd_block.png")
+        raise RuntimeError("DataDome challenge did not resolve — check screenshot")
+```
+
+---
+
+## Handling the sign-in modal
+
+A login modal appears after scrolling past ~5 reviews (triggered by scroll, not on load). Extract all visible review cards **before scrolling**. If you need to scroll:
+
+```python
+def dismiss_g2_login_modal():
+    """Close G2's sign-in overlay. Safe to call if no modal is present."""
+    closed = js("""
+    (function() {
+      var selectors = [
+        '[data-close-modal], [data-modal-close]',
+        'button[aria-label="Close"]',
+        '[class*="modal"] button[class*="close"]',
+        '[class*="Modal"] button[class*="close"]',
+        '.modal-dialog .close',
+        'button.close',
+      ];
+      for (var i = 0; i < selectors.length; i++) {
+        var btn = document.querySelector(selectors[i]);
+        if (btn && btn.offsetParent !== null) {
+          btn.click();
+          return selectors[i];
+        }
+      }
+      return null;
+    })()
+    """)
+    if closed:
+        wait(1)
+    return closed
+```
+
+Call `dismiss_g2_login_modal()` after any scroll action that might trigger the modal.
+
+---
+
+## Gotchas
+
+- **`http_get` is permanently blocked.** DataDome 5.6.1 intercepts every Python `urllib` / `requests` call. The blocking signal is `X-DataDome: protected` + `X-DD-B: 1` in the response header, response body `rt:'c'` (CAPTCHA). No User-Agent, header set, or cookie replay bypasses it because the `datadome` cookie is bound to the originating TLS fingerprint. Without a real browser's TLS/JA3 fingerprint, the cookie is rejected as `rt:'i'` (invalid).
+
+- **DataDome does NOT block real Chrome via CDP.** The harness connects to Chrome via CDP. Chrome presents a genuine JA3 TLS fingerprint plus browser APIs (canvas, WebGL, Navigator). DataDome's fingerprinting sees a real browser and issues a valid `datadome` cookie silently (no CAPTCHA widget, no user action needed).
+
+- **`wait(5)` minimum after `wait_for_load()`.** DataDome's JS runs 2–4 seconds after `readyState='complete'`. The challenge page title is `"g2.com"` (not "G2 | Software Reviews..."). Checking `document.title` reliably distinguishes challenge from real page.
+
+- **G2 is a Rails app — no `__NEXT_DATA__`.** Unlike Next.js sites, G2 does NOT embed page data in a JSON script tag. All data must be extracted from the rendered HTML or via the official API. G2 uses Hotwire (Turbo + Stimulus) for frontend interactivity.
+
+- **Schema.org microdata is the reliable extraction path.** G2 bakes `itemtype` / `itemprop` attributes into their SSR HTML. These are stable across visual redesigns because they serve SEO purposes. Prefer `[itemprop="ratingValue"]` over class-based selectors.
+
+- **`comment_answers` key names vary by product.** The API's `comment_answers` dict uses question-specific keys that differ across products. Common keys include `"love"` (what do you like best?), `"hate"` (what do you dislike?), `"benefit"` (what benefits?), but these are not guaranteed. Inspect the raw response first.
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+- **Sign-in modal triggers on scroll.** G2 limits anonymous visitors to the reviews visible in the initial viewport (~5 reviews). Scrolling triggers a login modal. Extract all initial cards before any scroll call. To get more reviews without login, use `?page=2`, `?page=3`, etc. instead of scrolling.
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+- **Rate limiting on navigation.** G2 does not publish a browser-facing rate limit, but rapid consecutive `goto_url()` calls (< 2s apart) can trigger soft blocks. Use `wait(3)` between product page navigations and `wait(2)` between paginated review pages in the same session.
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+- **Cloudflare is CDN-only here, not Bot Management.** The `Server: cloudflare` header and `__cf_bm` cookie are standard Cloudflare CDN features (not the Cloudflare Bot Management product). The actual anti-bot protection is DataDome. Do not apply Glassdoor-style CF challenge waits — the DataDome wait is what matters.
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+- **`data.g2.com` API needs a vendor token.** The API requires `Authorization: Token token=<key>`. The key is obtained by registering as a G2 vendor or partner at `https://www.g2.com/sells`. The 401 response body is `{"errors":[{"status":"401","title":"Bad Credentials"}]}` — no further auth clues.
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+- **Product UUIDs are required for the API.** The API uses UUIDs (e.g. `ac7841ad-cca8-4125-ac6f-6ef6b5848781`) not slugs for relationship endpoints like `/products/{id}/survey-responses`. Look up the UUID first via `GET /api/v1/products?filter[slug]=slack`.
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+- **`/categories/*/grids` is disallowed in robots.txt** — may return 403 or empty content even in a browser session.