@pact-foundation/pact-cli-linux-x64 16.1.6 → 18.0.0

package/standalone/linux-x64-2.5.12/pact/lib/ruby/lib/ruby/site_ruby/3.3.0/rubygems/vendor/resolv/lib/resolv.rb

@@ -1,3483 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'socket'
-require_relative '../../timeout/lib/timeout'
-require 'io/wait'
-require_relative '../../../vendored_securerandom'
-
-# Gem::Resolv is a thread-aware DNS resolver library written in Ruby.  Gem::Resolv can
-# handle multiple DNS requests concurrently without blocking the entire Ruby
-# interpreter.
-#
-# See also resolv-replace.rb to replace the libc resolver with Gem::Resolv.
-#
-# Gem::Resolv can look up various DNS resources using the DNS module directly.
-#
-# Examples:
-#
-#   p Gem::Resolv.getaddress "www.ruby-lang.org"
-#   p Gem::Resolv.getname "210.251.121.214"
-#
-#   Gem::Resolv::DNS.open do |dns|
-#     ress = dns.getresources "www.ruby-lang.org", Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::A
-#     p ress.map(&:address)
-#     ress = dns.getresources "ruby-lang.org", Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::MX
-#     p ress.map { |r| [r.exchange.to_s, r.preference] }
-#   end
-#
-#
-# == Bugs
-#
-# * NIS is not supported.
-# * /etc/nsswitch.conf is not supported.
-
-class Gem::Resolv
-
-  VERSION = "0.6.2"
-
-  ##
-  # Looks up the first IP address for +name+.
-
-  def self.getaddress(name)
-    DefaultResolver.getaddress(name)
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Looks up all IP address for +name+.
-
-  def self.getaddresses(name)
-    DefaultResolver.getaddresses(name)
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Iterates over all IP addresses for +name+.
-
-  def self.each_address(name, &block)
-    DefaultResolver.each_address(name, &block)
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Looks up the hostname of +address+.
-
-  def self.getname(address)
-    DefaultResolver.getname(address)
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Looks up all hostnames for +address+.
-
-  def self.getnames(address)
-    DefaultResolver.getnames(address)
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Iterates over all hostnames for +address+.
-
-  def self.each_name(address, &proc)
-    DefaultResolver.each_name(address, &proc)
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Creates a new Gem::Resolv using +resolvers+.
-  #
-  # If +resolvers+ is not given, a hash, or +nil+, uses a Hosts resolver and
-  # and a DNS resolver.  If +resolvers+ is a hash, uses the hash as
-  # configuration for the DNS resolver.
-
-  def initialize(resolvers=(arg_not_set = true; nil), use_ipv6: (keyword_not_set = true; nil))
-    if !keyword_not_set && !arg_not_set
-      warn "Support for separate use_ipv6 keyword is deprecated, as it is ignored if an argument is provided. Do not provide a positional argument if using the use_ipv6 keyword argument.", uplevel: 1
-    end
-
-    @resolvers = case resolvers
-    when Hash, nil
-      [Hosts.new, DNS.new(DNS::Config.default_config_hash.merge(resolvers || {}))]
-    else
-      resolvers
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Looks up the first IP address for +name+.
-
-  def getaddress(name)
-    each_address(name) {|address| return address}
-    raise ResolvError.new("no address for #{name}")
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Looks up all IP address for +name+.
-
-  def getaddresses(name)
-    ret = []
-    each_address(name) {|address| ret << address}
-    return ret
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Iterates over all IP addresses for +name+.
-
-  def each_address(name)
-    if AddressRegex =~ name
-      yield name
-      return
-    end
-    yielded = false
-    @resolvers.each {|r|
-      r.each_address(name) {|address|
-        yield address.to_s
-        yielded = true
-      }
-      return if yielded
-    }
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Looks up the hostname of +address+.
-
-  def getname(address)
-    each_name(address) {|name| return name}
-    raise ResolvError.new("no name for #{address}")
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Looks up all hostnames for +address+.
-
-  def getnames(address)
-    ret = []
-    each_name(address) {|name| ret << name}
-    return ret
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Iterates over all hostnames for +address+.
-
-  def each_name(address)
-    yielded = false
-    @resolvers.each {|r|
-      r.each_name(address) {|name|
-        yield name.to_s
-        yielded = true
-      }
-      return if yielded
-    }
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Indicates a failure to resolve a name or address.
-
-  class ResolvError < StandardError; end
-
-  ##
-  # Indicates a timeout resolving a name or address.
-
-  class ResolvTimeout < Gem::Timeout::Error; end
-
-  WINDOWS = /mswin|cygwin|mingw|bccwin/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM || ::RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os'] =~ /mswin/
-  private_constant :WINDOWS
-
-  ##
-  # Gem::Resolv::Hosts is a hostname resolver that uses the system hosts file.
-
-  class Hosts
-    if WINDOWS
-      begin
-        require 'win32/resolv' unless defined?(Win32::Resolv)
-        DefaultFileName = Win32::Resolv.get_hosts_path || IO::NULL
-      rescue LoadError
-      end
-    end
-    DefaultFileName ||= '/etc/hosts'
-
-    ##
-    # Creates a new Gem::Resolv::Hosts, using +filename+ for its data source.
-
-    def initialize(filename = DefaultFileName)
-      @filename = filename
-      @mutex = Thread::Mutex.new
-      @initialized = nil
-    end
-
-    def lazy_initialize # :nodoc:
-      @mutex.synchronize {
-        unless @initialized
-          @name2addr = {}
-          @addr2name = {}
-          File.open(@filename, 'rb') {|f|
-            f.each {|line|
-              line.sub!(/#.*/, '')
-              addr, *hostnames = line.split(/\s+/)
-              next unless addr
-              (@addr2name[addr] ||= []).concat(hostnames)
-              hostnames.each {|hostname| (@name2addr[hostname] ||= []) << addr}
-            }
-          }
-          @name2addr.each {|name, arr| arr.reverse!}
-          @initialized = true
-        end
-      }
-      self
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Gets the IP address of +name+ from the hosts file.
-
-    def getaddress(name)
-      each_address(name) {|address| return address}
-      raise ResolvError.new("#{@filename} has no name: #{name}")
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Gets all IP addresses for +name+ from the hosts file.
-
-    def getaddresses(name)
-      ret = []
-      each_address(name) {|address| ret << address}
-      return ret
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Iterates over all IP addresses for +name+ retrieved from the hosts file.
-
-    def each_address(name, &proc)
-      lazy_initialize
-      @name2addr[name]&.each(&proc)
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Gets the hostname of +address+ from the hosts file.
-
-    def getname(address)
-      each_name(address) {|name| return name}
-      raise ResolvError.new("#{@filename} has no address: #{address}")
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Gets all hostnames for +address+ from the hosts file.
-
-    def getnames(address)
-      ret = []
-      each_name(address) {|name| ret << name}
-      return ret
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Iterates over all hostnames for +address+ retrieved from the hosts file.
-
-    def each_name(address, &proc)
-      lazy_initialize
-      @addr2name[address]&.each(&proc)
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Gem::Resolv::DNS is a DNS stub resolver.
-  #
-  # Information taken from the following places:
-  #
-  # * STD0013
-  # * RFC 1035
-  # * ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/dns-parameters
-  # * etc.
-
-  class DNS
-
-    ##
-    # Default DNS Port
-
-    Port = 53
-
-    ##
-    # Default DNS UDP packet size
-
-    UDPSize = 512
-
-    ##
-    # Creates a new DNS resolver.  See Gem::Resolv::DNS.new for argument details.
-    #
-    # Yields the created DNS resolver to the block, if given, otherwise
-    # returns it.
-
-    def self.open(*args)
-      dns = new(*args)
-      return dns unless block_given?
-      begin
-        yield dns
-      ensure
-        dns.close
-      end
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Creates a new DNS resolver.
-    #
-    # +config_info+ can be:
-    #
-    # nil:: Uses /etc/resolv.conf.
-    # String:: Path to a file using /etc/resolv.conf's format.
-    # Hash:: Must contain :nameserver, :search and :ndots keys.
-    # :nameserver_port can be used to specify port number of nameserver address.
-    # :raise_timeout_errors can be used to raise timeout errors
-    # as exceptions instead of treating the same as an NXDOMAIN response.
-    #
-    # The value of :nameserver should be an address string or
-    # an array of address strings.
-    # - :nameserver => '8.8.8.8'
-    # - :nameserver => ['8.8.8.8', '8.8.4.4']
-    #
-    # The value of :nameserver_port should be an array of
-    # pair of nameserver address and port number.
-    # - :nameserver_port => [['8.8.8.8', 53], ['8.8.4.4', 53]]
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #
-    #   Gem::Resolv::DNS.new(:nameserver => ['210.251.121.21'],
-    #                   :search => ['ruby-lang.org'],
-    #                   :ndots => 1)
-
-    def initialize(config_info=nil)
-      @mutex = Thread::Mutex.new
-      @config = Config.new(config_info)
-      @initialized = nil
-    end
-
-    # Sets the resolver timeouts.  This may be a single positive number
-    # or an array of positive numbers representing timeouts in seconds.
-    # If an array is specified, a DNS request will retry and wait for
-    # each successive interval in the array until a successful response
-    # is received.  Specifying +nil+ reverts to the default timeouts:
-    # [ 5, second = 5 * 2 / nameserver_count, 2 * second, 4 * second ]
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #
-    #   dns.timeouts = 3
-    #
-    def timeouts=(values)
-      @config.timeouts = values
-    end
-
-    def lazy_initialize # :nodoc:
-      @mutex.synchronize {
-        unless @initialized
-          @config.lazy_initialize
-          @initialized = true
-        end
-      }
-      self
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Closes the DNS resolver.
-
-    def close
-      @mutex.synchronize {
-        if @initialized
-          @initialized = false
-        end
-      }
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Gets the IP address of +name+ from the DNS resolver.
-    #
-    # +name+ can be a Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name or a String.  Retrieved address will
-    # be a Gem::Resolv::IPv4 or Gem::Resolv::IPv6
-
-    def getaddress(name)
-      each_address(name) {|address| return address}
-      raise ResolvError.new("DNS result has no information for #{name}")
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Gets all IP addresses for +name+ from the DNS resolver.
-    #
-    # +name+ can be a Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name or a String.  Retrieved addresses will
-    # be a Gem::Resolv::IPv4 or Gem::Resolv::IPv6
-
-    def getaddresses(name)
-      ret = []
-      each_address(name) {|address| ret << address}
-      return ret
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Iterates over all IP addresses for +name+ retrieved from the DNS
-    # resolver.
-    #
-    # +name+ can be a Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name or a String.  Retrieved addresses will
-    # be a Gem::Resolv::IPv4 or Gem::Resolv::IPv6
-
-    def each_address(name)
-      if use_ipv6?
-        each_resource(name, Resource::IN::AAAA) {|resource| yield resource.address}
-      end
-      each_resource(name, Resource::IN::A) {|resource| yield resource.address}
-    end
-
-    def use_ipv6? # :nodoc:
-      @config.lazy_initialize unless @config.instance_variable_get(:@initialized)
-
-      use_ipv6 = @config.use_ipv6?
-      unless use_ipv6.nil?
-        return use_ipv6
-      end
-
-      begin
-        list = Socket.ip_address_list
-      rescue NotImplementedError
-        return true
-      end
-      list.any? {|a| a.ipv6? && !a.ipv6_loopback? && !a.ipv6_linklocal? }
-    end
-    private :use_ipv6?
-
-    ##
-    # Gets the hostname for +address+ from the DNS resolver.
-    #
-    # +address+ must be a Gem::Resolv::IPv4, Gem::Resolv::IPv6 or a String.  Retrieved
-    # name will be a Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.
-
-    def getname(address)
-      each_name(address) {|name| return name}
-      raise ResolvError.new("DNS result has no information for #{address}")
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Gets all hostnames for +address+ from the DNS resolver.
-    #
-    # +address+ must be a Gem::Resolv::IPv4, Gem::Resolv::IPv6 or a String.  Retrieved
-    # names will be Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name instances.
-
-    def getnames(address)
-      ret = []
-      each_name(address) {|name| ret << name}
-      return ret
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Iterates over all hostnames for +address+ retrieved from the DNS
-    # resolver.
-    #
-    # +address+ must be a Gem::Resolv::IPv4, Gem::Resolv::IPv6 or a String.  Retrieved
-    # names will be Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name instances.
-
-    def each_name(address)
-      case address
-      when Name
-        ptr = address
-      when IPv4, IPv6
-        ptr = address.to_name
-      when IPv4::Regex
-        ptr = IPv4.create(address).to_name
-      when IPv6::Regex
-        ptr = IPv6.create(address).to_name
-      else
-        raise ResolvError.new("cannot interpret as address: #{address}")
-      end
-      each_resource(ptr, Resource::IN::PTR) {|resource| yield resource.name}
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Look up the +typeclass+ DNS resource of +name+.
-    #
-    # +name+ must be a Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name or a String.
-    #
-    # +typeclass+ should be one of the following:
-    #
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::A
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::AAAA
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::ANY
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::CNAME
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::HINFO
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::MINFO
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::MX
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::NS
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::PTR
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::SOA
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::TXT
-    # * Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::WKS
-    #
-    # Returned resource is represented as a Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource instance,
-    # i.e. Gem::Resolv::DNS::Resource::IN::A.
-
-    def getresource(name, typeclass)
-      each_resource(name, typeclass) {|resource| return resource}
-      raise ResolvError.new("DNS result has no information for #{name}")
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Looks up all +typeclass+ DNS resources for +name+.  See #getresource for
-    # argument details.
-
-    def getresources(name, typeclass)
-      ret = []
-      each_resource(name, typeclass) {|resource| ret << resource}
-      return ret
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Iterates over all +typeclass+ DNS resources for +name+.  See
-    # #getresource for argument details.
-
-    def each_resource(name, typeclass, &proc)
-      fetch_resource(name, typeclass) {|reply, reply_name|
-        extract_resources(reply, reply_name, typeclass, &proc)
-      }
-    end
-
-    def fetch_resource(name, typeclass)
-      lazy_initialize
-      truncated = {}
-      requesters = {}
-      udp_requester = begin
-        make_udp_requester
-      rescue Errno::EACCES
-        # fall back to TCP
-      end
-      senders = {}
-
-      begin
-        @config.resolv(name) do |candidate, tout, nameserver, port|
-          msg = Message.new
-          msg.rd = 1
-          msg.add_question(candidate, typeclass)
-
-          requester = requesters.fetch([nameserver, port]) do
-            if !truncated[candidate] && udp_requester
-              udp_requester
-            else
-              requesters[[nameserver, port]] = make_tcp_requester(nameserver, port)
-            end
-          end
-
-          unless sender = senders[[candidate, requester, nameserver, port]]
-            sender = requester.sender(msg, candidate, nameserver, port)
-            next if !sender
-            senders[[candidate, requester, nameserver, port]] = sender
-          end
-          reply, reply_name = requester.request(sender, tout)
-          case reply.rcode
-          when RCode::NoError
-            if reply.tc == 1 and not Requester::TCP === requester
-              # Retry via TCP:
-              truncated[candidate] = true
-              redo
-            else
-              yield(reply, reply_name)
-            end
-            return
-          when RCode::NXDomain
-            raise Config::NXDomain.new(reply_name.to_s)
-          else
-            raise Config::OtherResolvError.new(reply_name.to_s)
-          end
-        end
-      ensure
-        udp_requester&.close
-        requesters.each_value { |requester| requester&.close }
-      end
-    end
-
-    def make_udp_requester # :nodoc:
-      nameserver_port = @config.nameserver_port
-      if nameserver_port.length == 1
-        Requester::ConnectedUDP.new(*nameserver_port[0])
-      else
-        Requester::UnconnectedUDP.new(*nameserver_port)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def make_tcp_requester(host, port) # :nodoc:
-      return Requester::TCP.new(host, port)
-    rescue Errno::ECONNREFUSED
-      # Treat a refused TCP connection attempt to a nameserver like a timeout,
-      # as Gem::Resolv::DNS::Config#resolv considers ResolvTimeout exceptions as a
-      # hint to try the next nameserver:
-      raise ResolvTimeout
-    end
-
-    def extract_resources(msg, name, typeclass) # :nodoc:
-      if typeclass < Resource::ANY
-        n0 = Name.create(name)
-        msg.each_resource {|n, ttl, data|
-          yield data if n0 == n
-        }
-      end
-      yielded = false
-      n0 = Name.create(name)
-      msg.each_resource {|n, ttl, data|
-        if n0 == n
-          case data
-          when typeclass
-            yield data
-            yielded = true
-          when Resource::CNAME
-            n0 = data.name
-          end
-        end
-      }
-      return if yielded
-      msg.each_resource {|n, ttl, data|
-        if n0 == n
-          case data
-          when typeclass
-            yield data
-          end
-        end
-      }
-    end
-
-    def self.random(arg) # :nodoc:
-      begin
-        Gem::SecureRandom.random_number(arg)
-      rescue NotImplementedError
-        rand(arg)
-      end
-    end
-
-    RequestID = {} # :nodoc:
-    RequestIDMutex = Thread::Mutex.new # :nodoc:
-
-    def self.allocate_request_id(host, port) # :nodoc:
-      id = nil
-      RequestIDMutex.synchronize {
-        h = (RequestID[[host, port]] ||= {})
-        begin
-          id = random(0x0000..0xffff)
-        end while h[id]
-        h[id] = true
-      }
-      id
-    end
-
-    def self.free_request_id(host, port, id) # :nodoc:
-      RequestIDMutex.synchronize {
-        key = [host, port]
-        if h = RequestID[key]
-          h.delete id
-          if h.empty?
-            RequestID.delete key
-          end
-        end
-      }
-    end
-
-    case RUBY_PLATFORM
-    when *[
-      # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6056.txt
-      # Appendix A. Survey of the Algorithms in Use by Some Popular Implementations
-      /freebsd/, /linux/, /netbsd/, /openbsd/, /solaris/,
-      /darwin/, # the same as FreeBSD
-    ] then
-      def self.bind_random_port(udpsock, bind_host="0.0.0.0") # :nodoc:
-        udpsock.bind(bind_host, 0)
-      end
-    else
-      # Sequential port assignment
-      def self.bind_random_port(udpsock, bind_host="0.0.0.0") # :nodoc:
-        # Ephemeral port number range recommended by RFC 6056
-        port = random(1024..65535)
-        udpsock.bind(bind_host, port)
-      rescue Errno::EADDRINUSE, # POSIX
-             Errno::EACCES, # SunOS: See PRIV_SYS_NFS in privileges(5)
-             Errno::EPERM # FreeBSD: security.mac.portacl.port_high is configurable.  See mac_portacl(4).
-        retry
-      end
-    end
-
-    class Requester # :nodoc:
-      def initialize
-        @senders = {}
-        @socks = nil
-      end
-
-      def request(sender, tout)
-        start = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
-        timelimit = start + tout
-        begin
-          sender.send
-        rescue Errno::EHOSTUNREACH, # multi-homed IPv6 may generate this
-               Errno::ENETUNREACH
-          raise ResolvTimeout
-        end
-        while true
-          before_select = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
-          timeout = timelimit - before_select
-          if timeout <= 0
-            raise ResolvTimeout
-          end
-          if @socks.size == 1
-            select_result = @socks[0].wait_readable(timeout) ? [ @socks ] : nil
-          else
-            select_result = IO.select(@socks, nil, nil, timeout)
-          end
-          if !select_result
-            after_select = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
-            next if after_select < timelimit
-            raise ResolvTimeout
-          end
-          begin
-            reply, from = recv_reply(select_result[0])
-          rescue Errno::ECONNREFUSED, # GNU/Linux, FreeBSD
-                 Errno::ECONNRESET # Windows
-            # No name server running on the server?
-            # Don't wait anymore.
-            raise ResolvTimeout
-          end
-          begin
-            msg = Message.decode(reply)
-          rescue DecodeError
-            next # broken DNS message ignored
-          end
-          if sender == sender_for(from, msg)
-            break
-          else
-            # unexpected DNS message ignored
-          end
-        end
-        return msg, sender.data
-      end
-
-      def sender_for(addr, msg)
-        @senders[[addr,msg.id]]
-      end
-
-      def close
-        socks = @socks
-        @socks = nil
-        socks&.each(&:close)
-      end
-
-      class Sender # :nodoc:
-        def initialize(msg, data, sock)
-          @msg = msg
-          @data = data
-          @sock = sock
-        end
-      end
-
-      class UnconnectedUDP < Requester # :nodoc:
-        def initialize(*nameserver_port)
-          super()
-          @nameserver_port = nameserver_port
-          @initialized = false
-          @mutex = Thread::Mutex.new
-        end
-
-        def lazy_initialize
-          @mutex.synchronize {
-            next if @initialized
-            @initialized = true
-            @socks_hash = {}
-            @socks = []
-            @nameserver_port.each {|host, port|
-              if host.index(':')
-                bind_host = "::"
-                af = Socket::AF_INET6
-              else
-                bind_host = "0.0.0.0"
-                af = Socket::AF_INET
-              end
-              next if @socks_hash[bind_host]
-              begin
-                sock = UDPSocket.new(af)
-              rescue Errno::EAFNOSUPPORT, Errno::EPROTONOSUPPORT
-                next # The kernel doesn't support the address family.
-              end
-              @socks << sock
-              @socks_hash[bind_host] = sock
-              sock.do_not_reverse_lookup = true
-              DNS.bind_random_port(sock, bind_host)
-            }
-          }
-          self
-        end
-
-        def recv_reply(readable_socks)
-          lazy_initialize
-          reply, from = readable_socks[0].recvfrom(UDPSize)
-          return reply, [from[3],from[1]]
-        end
-
-        def sender(msg, data, host, port=Port)
-          host = Addrinfo.ip(host).ip_address
-          lazy_initialize
-          sock = @socks_hash[host.index(':') ? "::" : "0.0.0.0"]
-          return nil if !sock
-          service = [host, port]
-          id = DNS.allocate_request_id(host, port)
-          request = msg.encode
-          request[0,2] = [id].pack('n')
-          return @senders[[service, id]] =
-            Sender.new(request, data, sock, host, port)
-        end
-
-        def close
-          @mutex.synchronize {
-            if @initialized
-              super
-              @senders.each_key {|service, id|
-                DNS.free_request_id(service[0], service[1], id)
-              }
-              @initialized = false
-            end
-          }
-        end
-
-        class Sender < Requester::Sender # :nodoc:
-          def initialize(msg, data, sock, host, port)
-            super(msg, data, sock)
-            @host = host
-            @port = port
-          end
-          attr_reader :data
-
-          def send
-            raise "@sock is nil." if @sock.nil?
-            @sock.send(@msg, 0, @host, @port)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      class ConnectedUDP < Requester # :nodoc:
-        def initialize(host, port=Port)
-          super()
-          @host = host
-          @port = port
-          @mutex = Thread::Mutex.new
-          @initialized = false
-        end
-
-        def lazy_initialize
-          @mutex.synchronize {
-            next if @initialized
-            @initialized = true
-            is_ipv6 = @host.index(':')
-            sock = UDPSocket.new(is_ipv6 ? Socket::AF_INET6 : Socket::AF_INET)
-            @socks = [sock]
-            sock.do_not_reverse_lookup = true
-            DNS.bind_random_port(sock, is_ipv6 ? "::" : "0.0.0.0")
-            sock.connect(@host, @port)
-          }
-          self
-        end
-
-        def recv_reply(readable_socks)
-          lazy_initialize
-          reply = readable_socks[0].recv(UDPSize)
-          return reply, nil
-        end
-
-        def sender(msg, data, host=@host, port=@port)
-          lazy_initialize
-          unless host == @host && port == @port
-            raise RequestError.new("host/port don't match: #{host}:#{port}")
-          end
-          id = DNS.allocate_request_id(@host, @port)
-          request = msg.encode
-          request[0,2] = [id].pack('n')
-          return @senders[[nil,id]] = Sender.new(request, data, @socks[0])
-        end
-
-        def close
-          @mutex.synchronize do
-            if @initialized
-              super
-              @senders.each_key {|from, id|
-                DNS.free_request_id(@host, @port, id)
-              }
-              @initialized = false
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        class Sender < Requester::Sender # :nodoc:
-          def send
-            raise "@sock is nil." if @sock.nil?
-            @sock.send(@msg, 0)
-          end
-          attr_reader :data
-        end
-      end
-
-      class MDNSOneShot < UnconnectedUDP # :nodoc:
-        def sender(msg, data, host, port=Port)
-          lazy_initialize
-          id = DNS.allocate_request_id(host, port)
-          request = msg.encode
-          request[0,2] = [id].pack('n')
-          sock = @socks_hash[host.index(':') ? "::" : "0.0.0.0"]
-          return @senders[id] =
-            UnconnectedUDP::Sender.new(request, data, sock, host, port)
-        end
-
-        def sender_for(addr, msg)
-          lazy_initialize
-          @senders[msg.id]
-        end
-      end
-
-      class TCP < Requester # :nodoc:
-        def initialize(host, port=Port)
-          super()
-          @host = host
-          @port = port
-          sock = TCPSocket.new(@host, @port)
-          @socks = [sock]
-          @senders = {}
-        end
-
-        def recv_reply(readable_socks)
-          len = readable_socks[0].read(2).unpack('n')[0]
-          reply = @socks[0].read(len)
-          return reply, nil
-        end
-
-        def sender(msg, data, host=@host, port=@port)
-          unless host == @host && port == @port
-            raise RequestError.new("host/port don't match: #{host}:#{port}")
-          end
-          id = DNS.allocate_request_id(@host, @port)
-          request = msg.encode
-          request[0,2] = [request.length, id].pack('nn')
-          return @senders[[nil,id]] = Sender.new(request, data, @socks[0])
-        end
-
-        class Sender < Requester::Sender # :nodoc:
-          def send
-            @sock.print(@msg)
-            @sock.flush
-          end
-          attr_reader :data
-        end
-
-        def close
-          super
-          @senders.each_key {|from,id|
-            DNS.free_request_id(@host, @port, id)
-          }
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Indicates a problem with the DNS request.
-
-      class RequestError < StandardError
-      end
-    end
-
-    class Config # :nodoc:
-      def initialize(config_info=nil)
-        @mutex = Thread::Mutex.new
-        @config_info = config_info
-        @initialized = nil
-        @timeouts = nil
-      end
-
-      def timeouts=(values)
-        if values
-          values = Array(values)
-          values.each do |t|
-            Numeric === t or raise ArgumentError, "#{t.inspect} is not numeric"
-            t > 0.0 or raise ArgumentError, "timeout=#{t} must be positive"
-          end
-          @timeouts = values
-        else
-          @timeouts = nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      def Config.parse_resolv_conf(filename)
-        nameserver = []
-        search = nil
-        ndots = 1
-        File.open(filename, 'rb') {|f|
-          f.each {|line|
-            line.sub!(/[#;].*/, '')
-            keyword, *args = line.split(/\s+/)
-            next unless keyword
-            case keyword
-            when 'nameserver'
-              nameserver.concat(args.each(&:freeze))
-            when 'domain'
-              next if args.empty?
-              search = [args[0].freeze]
-            when 'search'
-              next if args.empty?
-              search = args.each(&:freeze)
-            when 'options'
-              args.each {|arg|
-                case arg
-                when /\Andots:(\d+)\z/
-                  ndots = $1.to_i
-                end
-              }
-            end
-          }
-        }
-        return { :nameserver => nameserver.freeze, :search => search.freeze, :ndots => ndots.freeze }.freeze
-      end
-
-      def Config.default_config_hash(filename="/etc/resolv.conf")
-        if File.exist? filename
-          Config.parse_resolv_conf(filename)
-        elsif WINDOWS
-          require 'win32/resolv' unless defined?(Win32::Resolv)
-          search, nameserver = Win32::Resolv.get_resolv_info
-          config_hash = {}
-          config_hash[:nameserver] = nameserver if nameserver
-          config_hash[:search] = [search].flatten if search
-          config_hash
-        else
-          {}
-        end
-      end
-
-      def lazy_initialize
-        @mutex.synchronize {
-          unless @initialized
-            @nameserver_port = []
-            @use_ipv6 = nil
-            @search = nil
-            @ndots = 1
-            case @config_info
-            when nil
-              config_hash = Config.default_config_hash
-            when String
-              config_hash = Config.parse_resolv_conf(@config_info)
-            when Hash
-              config_hash = @config_info.dup
-              if String === config_hash[:nameserver]
-                config_hash[:nameserver] = [config_hash[:nameserver]]
-              end
-              if String === config_hash[:search]
-                config_hash[:search] = [config_hash[:search]]
-              end
-            else
-              raise ArgumentError.new("invalid resolv configuration: #{@config_info.inspect}")
-            end
-            if config_hash.include? :nameserver
-              @nameserver_port = config_hash[:nameserver].map {|ns| [ns, Port] }
-            end
-            if config_hash.include? :nameserver_port
-              @nameserver_port = config_hash[:nameserver_port].map {|ns, port| [ns, (port || Port)] }
-            end
-            if config_hash.include? :use_ipv6
-              @use_ipv6 = config_hash[:use_ipv6]
-            end
-            @search = config_hash[:search] if config_hash.include? :search
-            @ndots = config_hash[:ndots] if config_hash.include? :ndots
-            @raise_timeout_errors = config_hash[:raise_timeout_errors]
-
-            if @nameserver_port.empty?
-              @nameserver_port << ['0.0.0.0', Port]
-            end
-            if @search
-              @search = @search.map {|arg| Label.split(arg) }
-            else
-              hostname = Socket.gethostname
-              if /\./ =~ hostname
-                @search = [Label.split($')]
-              else
-                @search = [[]]
-              end
-            end
-
-            if !@nameserver_port.kind_of?(Array) ||
-               @nameserver_port.any? {|ns_port|
-                  !(Array === ns_port) ||
-                  ns_port.length != 2
-                  !(String === ns_port[0]) ||
-                  !(Integer === ns_port[1])
-               }
-              raise ArgumentError.new("invalid nameserver config: #{@nameserver_port.inspect}")
-            end
-
-            if !@search.kind_of?(Array) ||
-               !@search.all? {|ls| ls.all? {|l| Label::Str === l } }
-              raise ArgumentError.new("invalid search config: #{@search.inspect}")
-            end
-
-            if !@ndots.kind_of?(Integer)
-              raise ArgumentError.new("invalid ndots config: #{@ndots.inspect}")
-            end
-
-            @initialized = true
-          end
-        }
-        self
-      end
-
-      def single?
-        lazy_initialize
-        if @nameserver_port.length == 1
-          return @nameserver_port[0]
-        else
-          return nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      def nameserver_port
-        @nameserver_port
-      end
-
-      def use_ipv6?
-        @use_ipv6
-      end
-
-      def generate_candidates(name)
-        candidates = nil
-        name = Name.create(name)
-        if name.absolute?
-          candidates = [name]
-        else
-          if @ndots <= name.length - 1
-            candidates = [Name.new(name.to_a)]
-          else
-            candidates = []
-          end
-          candidates.concat(@search.map {|domain| Name.new(name.to_a + domain)})
-          fname = Name.create("#{name}.")
-          if !candidates.include?(fname)
-            candidates << fname
-          end
-        end
-        return candidates
-      end
-
-      InitialTimeout = 5
-
-      def generate_timeouts
-        ts = [InitialTimeout]
-        ts << ts[-1] * 2 / @nameserver_port.length
-        ts << ts[-1] * 2
-        ts << ts[-1] * 2
-        return ts
-      end
-
-      def resolv(name)
-        candidates = generate_candidates(name)
-        timeouts = @timeouts || generate_timeouts
-        timeout_error = false
-        begin
-          candidates.each {|candidate|
-            begin
-              timeouts.each {|tout|
-                @nameserver_port.each {|nameserver, port|
-                  begin
-                    yield candidate, tout, nameserver, port
-                  rescue ResolvTimeout
-                  end
-                }
-              }
-              timeout_error = true
-              raise ResolvError.new("DNS resolv timeout: #{name}")
-            rescue NXDomain
-            end
-          }
-        rescue ResolvError
-          raise if @raise_timeout_errors && timeout_error
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Indicates no such domain was found.
-
-      class NXDomain < ResolvError
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Indicates some other unhandled resolver error was encountered.
-
-      class OtherResolvError < ResolvError
-      end
-    end
-
-    module OpCode # :nodoc:
-      Query = 0
-      IQuery = 1
-      Status = 2
-      Notify = 4
-      Update = 5
-    end
-
-    module RCode # :nodoc:
-      NoError = 0
-      FormErr = 1
-      ServFail = 2
-      NXDomain = 3
-      NotImp = 4
-      Refused = 5
-      YXDomain = 6
-      YXRRSet = 7
-      NXRRSet = 8
-      NotAuth = 9
-      NotZone = 10
-      BADVERS = 16
-      BADSIG = 16
-      BADKEY = 17
-      BADTIME = 18
-      BADMODE = 19
-      BADNAME = 20
-      BADALG = 21
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Indicates that the DNS response was unable to be decoded.
-
-    class DecodeError < StandardError
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Indicates that the DNS request was unable to be encoded.
-
-    class EncodeError < StandardError
-    end
-
-    module Label # :nodoc:
-      def self.split(arg)
-        labels = []
-        arg.scan(/[^\.]+/) {labels << Str.new($&)}
-        return labels
-      end
-
-      class Str # :nodoc:
-        def initialize(string)
-          @string = string
-          # case insensivity of DNS labels doesn't apply non-ASCII characters. [RFC 4343]
-          # This assumes @string is given in ASCII compatible encoding.
-          @downcase = string.b.downcase
-        end
-        attr_reader :string, :downcase
-
-        def to_s
-          return @string
-        end
-
-        def inspect
-          return "#<#{self.class} #{self}>"
-        end
-
-        def ==(other)
-          return self.class == other.class && @downcase == other.downcase
-        end
-
-        def eql?(other)
-          return self == other
-        end
-
-        def hash
-          return @downcase.hash
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # A representation of a DNS name.
-
-    class Name
-
-      ##
-      # Creates a new DNS name from +arg+.  +arg+ can be:
-      #
-      # Name:: returns +arg+.
-      # String:: Creates a new Name.
-
-      def self.create(arg)
-        case arg
-        when Name
-          return arg
-        when String
-          return Name.new(Label.split(arg), /\.\z/ =~ arg ? true : false)
-        else
-          raise ArgumentError.new("cannot interpret as DNS name: #{arg.inspect}")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def initialize(labels, absolute=true) # :nodoc:
-        labels = labels.map {|label|
-          case label
-          when String then Label::Str.new(label)
-          when Label::Str then label
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError, "unexpected label: #{label.inspect}"
-          end
-        }
-        @labels = labels
-        @absolute = absolute
-      end
-
-      def inspect # :nodoc:
-        "#<#{self.class}: #{self}#{@absolute ? '.' : ''}>"
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # True if this name is absolute.
-
-      def absolute?
-        return @absolute
-      end
-
-      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
-        return false unless Name === other
-        return false unless @absolute == other.absolute?
-        return @labels == other.to_a
-      end
-
-      alias eql? == # :nodoc:
-
-      ##
-      # Returns true if +other+ is a subdomain.
-      #
-      # Example:
-      #
-      #   domain = Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create("y.z")
-      #   p Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create("w.x.y.z").subdomain_of?(domain) #=> true
-      #   p Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create("x.y.z").subdomain_of?(domain) #=> true
-      #   p Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create("y.z").subdomain_of?(domain) #=> false
-      #   p Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create("z").subdomain_of?(domain) #=> false
-      #   p Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create("x.y.z.").subdomain_of?(domain) #=> false
-      #   p Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create("w.z").subdomain_of?(domain) #=> false
-      #
-
-      def subdomain_of?(other)
-        raise ArgumentError, "not a domain name: #{other.inspect}" unless Name === other
-        return false if @absolute != other.absolute?
-        other_len = other.length
-        return false if @labels.length <= other_len
-        return @labels[-other_len, other_len] == other.to_a
-      end
-
-      def hash # :nodoc:
-        return @labels.hash ^ @absolute.hash
-      end
-
-      def to_a # :nodoc:
-        return @labels
-      end
-
-      def length # :nodoc:
-        return @labels.length
-      end
-
-      def [](i) # :nodoc:
-        return @labels[i]
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # returns the domain name as a string.
-      #
-      # The domain name doesn't have a trailing dot even if the name object is
-      # absolute.
-      #
-      # Example:
-      #
-      #   p Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create("x.y.z.").to_s #=> "x.y.z"
-      #   p Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create("x.y.z").to_s #=> "x.y.z"
-
-      def to_s
-        return @labels.join('.')
-      end
-    end
-
-    class Message # :nodoc:
-      @@identifier = -1
-
-      def initialize(id = (@@identifier += 1) & 0xffff)
-        @id = id
-        @qr = 0
-        @opcode = 0
-        @aa = 0
-        @tc = 0
-        @rd = 0 # recursion desired
-        @ra = 0 # recursion available
-        @rcode = 0
-        @question = []
-        @answer = []
-        @authority = []
-        @additional = []
-      end
-
-      attr_accessor :id, :qr, :opcode, :aa, :tc, :rd, :ra, :rcode
-      attr_reader :question, :answer, :authority, :additional
-
-      def ==(other)
-        return @id == other.id &&
-               @qr == other.qr &&
-               @opcode == other.opcode &&
-               @aa == other.aa &&
-               @tc == other.tc &&
-               @rd == other.rd &&
-               @ra == other.ra &&
-               @rcode == other.rcode &&
-               @question == other.question &&
-               @answer == other.answer &&
-               @authority == other.authority &&
-               @additional == other.additional
-      end
-
-      def add_question(name, typeclass)
-        @question << [Name.create(name), typeclass]
-      end
-
-      def each_question
-        @question.each {|name, typeclass|
-          yield name, typeclass
-        }
-      end
-
-      def add_answer(name, ttl, data)
-        @answer << [Name.create(name), ttl, data]
-      end
-
-      def each_answer
-        @answer.each {|name, ttl, data|
-          yield name, ttl, data
-        }
-      end
-
-      def add_authority(name, ttl, data)
-        @authority << [Name.create(name), ttl, data]
-      end
-
-      def each_authority
-        @authority.each {|name, ttl, data|
-          yield name, ttl, data
-        }
-      end
-
-      def add_additional(name, ttl, data)
-        @additional << [Name.create(name), ttl, data]
-      end
-
-      def each_additional
-        @additional.each {|name, ttl, data|
-          yield name, ttl, data
-        }
-      end
-
-      def each_resource
-        each_answer {|name, ttl, data| yield name, ttl, data}
-        each_authority {|name, ttl, data| yield name, ttl, data}
-        each_additional {|name, ttl, data| yield name, ttl, data}
-      end
-
-      def encode
-        return MessageEncoder.new {|msg|
-          msg.put_pack('nnnnnn',
-            @id,
-            (@qr & 1) << 15 |
-            (@opcode & 15) << 11 |
-            (@aa & 1) << 10 |
-            (@tc & 1) << 9 |
-            (@rd & 1) << 8 |
-            (@ra & 1) << 7 |
-            (@rcode & 15),
-            @question.length,
-            @answer.length,
-            @authority.length,
-            @additional.length)
-          @question.each {|q|
-            name, typeclass = q
-            msg.put_name(name)
-            msg.put_pack('nn', typeclass::TypeValue, typeclass::ClassValue)
-          }
-          [@answer, @authority, @additional].each {|rr|
-            rr.each {|r|
-              name, ttl, data = r
-              msg.put_name(name)
-              msg.put_pack('nnN', data.class::TypeValue, data.class::ClassValue, ttl)
-              msg.put_length16 {data.encode_rdata(msg)}
-            }
-          }
-        }.to_s
-      end
-
-      class MessageEncoder # :nodoc:
-        def initialize
-          @data = ''.dup
-          @names = {}
-          yield self
-        end
-
-        def to_s
-          return @data
-        end
-
-        def put_bytes(d)
-          @data << d
-        end
-
-        def put_pack(template, *d)
-          @data << d.pack(template)
-        end
-
-        def put_length16
-          length_index = @data.length
-          @data << "\0\0"
-          data_start = @data.length
-          yield
-          data_end = @data.length
-          @data[length_index, 2] = [data_end - data_start].pack("n")
-        end
-
-        def put_string(d)
-          self.put_pack("C", d.length)
-          @data << d
-        end
-
-        def put_string_list(ds)
-          ds.each {|d|
-            self.put_string(d)
-          }
-        end
-
-        def put_name(d, compress: true)
-          put_labels(d.to_a, compress: compress)
-        end
-
-        def put_labels(d, compress: true)
-          d.each_index {|i|
-            domain = d[i..-1]
-            if compress && idx = @names[domain]
-              self.put_pack("n", 0xc000 | idx)
-              return
-            else
-              if @data.length < 0x4000
-                @names[domain] = @data.length
-              end
-              self.put_label(d[i])
-            end
-          }
-          @data << "\0"
-        end
-
-        def put_label(d)
-          self.put_string(d.to_s)
-        end
-      end
-
-      def Message.decode(m)
-        o = Message.new(0)
-        MessageDecoder.new(m) {|msg|
-          id, flag, qdcount, ancount, nscount, arcount =
-            msg.get_unpack('nnnnnn')
-          o.id = id
-          o.tc = (flag >> 9) & 1
-          o.rcode = flag & 15
-          return o unless o.tc.zero?
-
-          o.qr = (flag >> 15) & 1
-          o.opcode = (flag >> 11) & 15
-          o.aa = (flag >> 10) & 1
-          o.rd = (flag >> 8) & 1
-          o.ra = (flag >> 7) & 1
-          (1..qdcount).each {
-            name, typeclass = msg.get_question
-            o.add_question(name, typeclass)
-          }
-          (1..ancount).each {
-            name, ttl, data = msg.get_rr
-            o.add_answer(name, ttl, data)
-          }
-          (1..nscount).each {
-            name, ttl, data = msg.get_rr
-            o.add_authority(name, ttl, data)
-          }
-          (1..arcount).each {
-            name, ttl, data = msg.get_rr
-            o.add_additional(name, ttl, data)
-          }
-        }
-        return o
-      end
-
-      class MessageDecoder # :nodoc:
-        def initialize(data)
-          @data = data
-          @index = 0
-          @limit = data.bytesize
-          yield self
-        end
-
-        def inspect
-          "\#<#{self.class}: #{@data.byteslice(0, @index).inspect} #{@data.byteslice(@index..-1).inspect}>"
-        end
-
-        def get_length16
-          len, = self.get_unpack('n')
-          save_limit = @limit
-          @limit = @index + len
-          d = yield(len)
-          if @index < @limit
-            raise DecodeError.new("junk exists")
-          elsif @limit < @index
-            raise DecodeError.new("limit exceeded")
-          end
-          @limit = save_limit
-          return d
-        end
-
-        def get_bytes(len = @limit - @index)
-          raise DecodeError.new("limit exceeded") if @limit < @index + len
-          d = @data.byteslice(@index, len)
-          @index += len
-          return d
-        end
-
-        def get_unpack(template)
-          len = 0
-          template.each_byte {|byte|
-            byte = "%c" % byte
-            case byte
-            when ?c, ?C
-              len += 1
-            when ?n
-              len += 2
-            when ?N
-              len += 4
-            else
-              raise StandardError.new("unsupported template: '#{byte.chr}' in '#{template}'")
-            end
-          }
-          raise DecodeError.new("limit exceeded") if @limit < @index + len
-          arr = @data.unpack("@#{@index}#{template}")
-          @index += len
-          return arr
-        end
-
-        def get_string
-          raise DecodeError.new("limit exceeded") if @limit <= @index
-          len = @data.getbyte(@index)
-          raise DecodeError.new("limit exceeded") if @limit < @index + 1 + len
-          d = @data.byteslice(@index + 1, len)
-          @index += 1 + len
-          return d
-        end
-
-        def get_string_list
-          strings = []
-          while @index < @limit
-            strings << self.get_string
-          end
-          strings
-        end
-
-        def get_list
-          [].tap do |values|
-            while @index < @limit
-              values << yield
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        def get_name
-          return Name.new(self.get_labels)
-        end
-
-        def get_labels
-          prev_index = @index
-          save_index = nil
-          d = []
-          size = -1
-          while true
-            raise DecodeError.new("limit exceeded") if @limit <= @index
-            case @data.getbyte(@index)
-            when 0
-              @index += 1
-              if save_index
-                @index = save_index
-              end
-              return d
-            when 192..255
-              idx = self.get_unpack('n')[0] & 0x3fff
-              if prev_index <= idx
-                raise DecodeError.new("non-backward name pointer")
-              end
-              prev_index = idx
-              if !save_index
-                save_index = @index
-              end
-              @index = idx
-            else
-              l = self.get_label
-              d << l
-              size += 1 + l.string.bytesize
-              raise DecodeError.new("name label data exceed 255 octets") if size > 255
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        def get_label
-          return Label::Str.new(self.get_string)
-        end
-
-        def get_question
-          name = self.get_name
-          type, klass = self.get_unpack("nn")
-          return name, Resource.get_class(type, klass)
-        end
-
-        def get_rr
-          name = self.get_name
-          type, klass, ttl = self.get_unpack('nnN')
-          typeclass = Resource.get_class(type, klass)
-          res = self.get_length16 do
-            begin
-              typeclass.decode_rdata self
-            rescue => e
-              raise DecodeError, e.message, e.backtrace
-            end
-          end
-          res.instance_variable_set :@ttl, ttl
-          return name, ttl, res
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # SvcParams for service binding RRs. [RFC9460]
-
-    class SvcParams
-      include Enumerable
-
-      ##
-      # Create a list of SvcParams with the given initial content.
-      #
-      # +params+ has to be an enumerable of +SvcParam+s.
-      # If its content has +SvcParam+s with the duplicate key,
-      # the one appears last takes precedence.
-
-      def initialize(params = [])
-        @params = {}
-
-        params.each do |param|
-          add param
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Get SvcParam for the given +key+ in this list.
-
-      def [](key)
-        @params[canonical_key(key)]
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Get the number of SvcParams in this list.
-
-      def count
-        @params.count
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Get whether this list is empty.
-
-      def empty?
-        @params.empty?
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Add the SvcParam +param+ to this list, overwriting the existing one with the same key.
-
-      def add(param)
-        @params[param.class.key_number] = param
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Remove the +SvcParam+ with the given +key+ and return it.
-
-      def delete(key)
-        @params.delete(canonical_key(key))
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Enumerate the +SvcParam+s in this list.
-
-      def each(&block)
-        return enum_for(:each) unless block
-        @params.each_value(&block)
-      end
-
-      def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
-        @params.keys.sort.each do |key|
-          msg.put_pack('n', key)
-          msg.put_length16 do
-            @params.fetch(key).encode(msg)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
-        params = msg.get_list do
-          key, = msg.get_unpack('n')
-          msg.get_length16 do
-            SvcParam::ClassHash[key].decode(msg)
-          end
-        end
-
-        return self.new(params)
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      def canonical_key(key) # :nodoc:
-        case key
-        when Integer
-          key
-        when /\Akey(\d+)\z/
-          Integer($1)
-        when Symbol
-          SvcParam::ClassHash[key].key_number
-        else
-          raise TypeError, 'key must be either String or Symbol'
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Base class for SvcParam. [RFC9460]
-
-    class SvcParam
-
-      ##
-      # Get the presentation name of the SvcParamKey.
-
-      def self.key_name
-        const_get(:KeyName)
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Get the registered number of the SvcParamKey.
-
-      def self.key_number
-        const_get(:KeyNumber)
-      end
-
-      ClassHash = Hash.new do |h, key| # :nodoc:
-        case key
-        when Integer
-          Generic.create(key)
-        when /\Akey(?<key>\d+)\z/
-          Generic.create(key.to_int)
-        when Symbol
-          raise KeyError, "unknown key #{key}"
-        else
-          raise TypeError, 'key must be either String or Symbol'
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Generic SvcParam abstract class.
-
-      class Generic < SvcParam
-
-        ##
-        # SvcParamValue in wire-format byte string.
-
-        attr_reader :value
-
-        ##
-        # Create generic SvcParam
-
-        def initialize(value)
-          @value = value
-        end
-
-        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_bytes(@value)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          return self.new(msg.get_bytes)
-        end
-
-        def self.create(key_number)
-          c = Class.new(Generic)
-          key_name = :"key#{key_number}"
-          c.const_set(:KeyName, key_name)
-          c.const_set(:KeyNumber, key_number)
-          self.const_set(:"Key#{key_number}", c)
-          ClassHash[key_name] = ClassHash[key_number] = c
-          return c
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # "mandatory" SvcParam -- Mandatory keys in service binding RR
-
-      class Mandatory < SvcParam
-        KeyName = :mandatory
-        KeyNumber = 0
-        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
-
-        ##
-        # Mandatory keys.
-
-        attr_reader :keys
-
-        ##
-        # Initialize "mandatory" ScvParam.
-
-        def initialize(keys)
-          @keys = keys.map(&:to_int)
-        end
-
-        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          @keys.sort.each do |key|
-            msg.put_pack('n', key)
-          end
-        end
-
-        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          keys = msg.get_list { msg.get_unpack('n')[0] }
-          return self.new(keys)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # "alpn" SvcParam -- Additional supported protocols
-
-      class ALPN < SvcParam
-        KeyName = :alpn
-        KeyNumber = 1
-        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
-
-        ##
-        # Supported protocol IDs.
-
-        attr_reader :protocol_ids
-
-        ##
-        # Initialize "alpn" ScvParam.
-
-        def initialize(protocol_ids)
-          @protocol_ids = protocol_ids.map(&:to_str)
-        end
-
-        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_string_list(@protocol_ids)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          return self.new(msg.get_string_list)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # "no-default-alpn" SvcParam -- No support for default protocol
-
-      class NoDefaultALPN < SvcParam
-        KeyName = :'no-default-alpn'
-        KeyNumber = 2
-        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
-
-        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          # no payload
-        end
-
-        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          return self.new
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # "port" SvcParam -- Port for alternative endpoint
-
-      class Port < SvcParam
-        KeyName = :port
-        KeyNumber = 3
-        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
-
-        ##
-        # Port number.
-
-        attr_reader :port
-
-        ##
-        # Initialize "port" ScvParam.
-
-        def initialize(port)
-          @port = port.to_int
-        end
-
-        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_pack('n', @port)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          port, = msg.get_unpack('n')
-          return self.new(port)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # "ipv4hint" SvcParam -- IPv4 address hints
-
-      class IPv4Hint < SvcParam
-        KeyName = :ipv4hint
-        KeyNumber = 4
-        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
-
-        ##
-        # Set of IPv4 addresses.
-
-        attr_reader :addresses
-
-        ##
-        # Initialize "ipv4hint" ScvParam.
-
-        def initialize(addresses)
-          @addresses = addresses.map {|address| IPv4.create(address) }
-        end
-
-        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          @addresses.each do |address|
-            msg.put_bytes(address.address)
-          end
-        end
-
-        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          addresses = msg.get_list { IPv4.new(msg.get_bytes(4)) }
-          return self.new(addresses)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # "ipv6hint" SvcParam -- IPv6 address hints
-
-      class IPv6Hint < SvcParam
-        KeyName = :ipv6hint
-        KeyNumber = 6
-        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
-
-        ##
-        # Set of IPv6 addresses.
-
-        attr_reader :addresses
-
-        ##
-        # Initialize "ipv6hint" ScvParam.
-
-        def initialize(addresses)
-          @addresses = addresses.map {|address| IPv6.create(address) }
-        end
-
-        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          @addresses.each do |address|
-            msg.put_bytes(address.address)
-          end
-        end
-
-        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          addresses = msg.get_list { IPv6.new(msg.get_bytes(16)) }
-          return self.new(addresses)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # "dohpath" SvcParam -- DNS over HTTPS path template [RFC9461]
-
-      class DoHPath < SvcParam
-        KeyName = :dohpath
-        KeyNumber = 7
-        ClassHash[KeyName] = ClassHash[KeyNumber] = self # :nodoc:
-
-        ##
-        # URI template for DoH queries.
-
-        attr_reader :template
-
-        ##
-        # Initialize "dohpath" ScvParam.
-
-        def initialize(template)
-          @template = template.encode('utf-8')
-        end
-
-        def encode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_bytes(@template)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode(msg) # :nodoc:
-          template = msg.get_bytes.force_encoding('utf-8')
-          return self.new(template)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # A DNS query abstract class.
-
-    class Query
-      def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-        raise EncodeError.new("#{self.class} is query.")
-      end
-
-      def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-        raise DecodeError.new("#{self.class} is query.")
-      end
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # A DNS resource abstract class.
-
-    class Resource < Query
-
-      ##
-      # Remaining Time To Live for this Resource.
-
-      attr_reader :ttl
-
-      ClassHash = Module.new do
-        module_function
-
-        def []=(type_class_value, klass)
-          type_value, class_value = type_class_value
-          Resource.const_set(:"Type#{type_value}_Class#{class_value}", klass)
-        end
-      end
-
-      def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-        raise NotImplementedError.new
-      end
-
-      def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-        raise NotImplementedError.new
-      end
-
-      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
-        return false unless self.class == other.class
-        s_ivars = self.instance_variables
-        s_ivars.sort!
-        s_ivars.delete :@ttl
-        o_ivars = other.instance_variables
-        o_ivars.sort!
-        o_ivars.delete :@ttl
-        return s_ivars == o_ivars &&
-          s_ivars.collect {|name| self.instance_variable_get name} ==
-            o_ivars.collect {|name| other.instance_variable_get name}
-      end
-
-      def eql?(other) # :nodoc:
-        return self == other
-      end
-
-      def hash # :nodoc:
-        h = 0
-        vars = self.instance_variables
-        vars.delete :@ttl
-        vars.each {|name|
-          h ^= self.instance_variable_get(name).hash
-        }
-        return h
-      end
-
-      def self.get_class(type_value, class_value) # :nodoc:
-        cache = :"Type#{type_value}_Class#{class_value}"
-
-        return (const_defined?(cache) && const_get(cache)) ||
-               Generic.create(type_value, class_value)
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # A generic resource abstract class.
-
-      class Generic < Resource
-
-        ##
-        # Creates a new generic resource.
-
-        def initialize(data)
-          @data = data
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # Data for this generic resource.
-
-        attr_reader :data
-
-        def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_bytes(data)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          return self.new(msg.get_bytes)
-        end
-
-        def self.create(type_value, class_value) # :nodoc:
-          c = Class.new(Generic)
-          c.const_set(:TypeValue, type_value)
-          c.const_set(:ClassValue, class_value)
-          Generic.const_set("Type#{type_value}_Class#{class_value}", c)
-          ClassHash[[type_value, class_value]] = c
-          return c
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Domain Name resource abstract class.
-
-      class DomainName < Resource
-
-        ##
-        # Creates a new DomainName from +name+.
-
-        def initialize(name)
-          @name = name
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # The name of this DomainName.
-
-        attr_reader :name
-
-        def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_name(@name)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          return self.new(msg.get_name)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Standard (class generic) RRs
-
-      ClassValue = nil # :nodoc:
-
-      ##
-      # An authoritative name server.
-
-      class NS < DomainName
-        TypeValue = 2 # :nodoc:
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # The canonical name for an alias.
-
-      class CNAME < DomainName
-        TypeValue = 5 # :nodoc:
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Start Of Authority resource.
-
-      class SOA < Resource
-
-        TypeValue = 6 # :nodoc:
-
-        ##
-        # Creates a new SOA record.  See the attr documentation for the
-        # details of each argument.
-
-        def initialize(mname, rname, serial, refresh, retry_, expire, minimum)
-          @mname = mname
-          @rname = rname
-          @serial = serial
-          @refresh = refresh
-          @retry = retry_
-          @expire = expire
-          @minimum = minimum
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # Name of the host where the master zone file for this zone resides.
-
-        attr_reader :mname
-
-        ##
-        # The person responsible for this domain name.
-
-        attr_reader :rname
-
-        ##
-        # The version number of the zone file.
-
-        attr_reader :serial
-
-        ##
-        # How often, in seconds, a secondary name server is to check for
-        # updates from the primary name server.
-
-        attr_reader :refresh
-
-        ##
-        # How often, in seconds, a secondary name server is to retry after a
-        # failure to check for a refresh.
-
-        attr_reader :retry
-
-        ##
-        # Time in seconds that a secondary name server is to use the data
-        # before refreshing from the primary name server.
-
-        attr_reader :expire
-
-        ##
-        # The minimum number of seconds to be used for TTL values in RRs.
-
-        attr_reader :minimum
-
-        def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_name(@mname)
-          msg.put_name(@rname)
-          msg.put_pack('NNNNN', @serial, @refresh, @retry, @expire, @minimum)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          mname = msg.get_name
-          rname = msg.get_name
-          serial, refresh, retry_, expire, minimum = msg.get_unpack('NNNNN')
-          return self.new(
-            mname, rname, serial, refresh, retry_, expire, minimum)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # A Pointer to another DNS name.
-
-      class PTR < DomainName
-        TypeValue = 12 # :nodoc:
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Host Information resource.
-
-      class HINFO < Resource
-
-        TypeValue = 13 # :nodoc:
-
-        ##
-        # Creates a new HINFO running +os+ on +cpu+.
-
-        def initialize(cpu, os)
-          @cpu = cpu
-          @os = os
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # CPU architecture for this resource.
-
-        attr_reader :cpu
-
-        ##
-        # Operating system for this resource.
-
-        attr_reader :os
-
-        def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_string(@cpu)
-          msg.put_string(@os)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          cpu = msg.get_string
-          os = msg.get_string
-          return self.new(cpu, os)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Mailing list or mailbox information.
-
-      class MINFO < Resource
-
-        TypeValue = 14 # :nodoc:
-
-        def initialize(rmailbx, emailbx)
-          @rmailbx = rmailbx
-          @emailbx = emailbx
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # Domain name responsible for this mail list or mailbox.
-
-        attr_reader :rmailbx
-
-        ##
-        # Mailbox to use for error messages related to the mail list or mailbox.
-
-        attr_reader :emailbx
-
-        def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_name(@rmailbx)
-          msg.put_name(@emailbx)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          rmailbx = msg.get_string
-          emailbx = msg.get_string
-          return self.new(rmailbx, emailbx)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Mail Exchanger resource.
-
-      class MX < Resource
-
-        TypeValue= 15 # :nodoc:
-
-        ##
-        # Creates a new MX record with +preference+, accepting mail at
-        # +exchange+.
-
-        def initialize(preference, exchange)
-          @preference = preference
-          @exchange = exchange
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # The preference for this MX.
-
-        attr_reader :preference
-
-        ##
-        # The host of this MX.
-
-        attr_reader :exchange
-
-        def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_pack('n', @preference)
-          msg.put_name(@exchange)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          preference, = msg.get_unpack('n')
-          exchange = msg.get_name
-          return self.new(preference, exchange)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Unstructured text resource.
-
-      class TXT < Resource
-
-        TypeValue = 16 # :nodoc:
-
-        def initialize(first_string, *rest_strings)
-          @strings = [first_string, *rest_strings]
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # Returns an Array of Strings for this TXT record.
-
-        attr_reader :strings
-
-        ##
-        # Returns the concatenated string from +strings+.
-
-        def data
-          @strings.join("")
-        end
-
-        def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_string_list(@strings)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          strings = msg.get_string_list
-          return self.new(*strings)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # Location resource
-
-      class LOC < Resource
-
-        TypeValue = 29 # :nodoc:
-
-        def initialize(version, ssize, hprecision, vprecision, latitude, longitude, altitude)
-          @version    = version
-          @ssize      = Gem::Resolv::LOC::Size.create(ssize)
-          @hprecision = Gem::Resolv::LOC::Size.create(hprecision)
-          @vprecision = Gem::Resolv::LOC::Size.create(vprecision)
-          @latitude   = Gem::Resolv::LOC::Coord.create(latitude)
-          @longitude  = Gem::Resolv::LOC::Coord.create(longitude)
-          @altitude   = Gem::Resolv::LOC::Alt.create(altitude)
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # Returns the version value for this LOC record which should always be 00
-
-        attr_reader :version
-
-        ##
-        # The spherical size of this LOC
-        # in meters using scientific notation as 2 integers of XeY
-
-        attr_reader :ssize
-
-        ##
-        # The horizontal precision using ssize type values
-        # in meters using scientific notation as 2 integers of XeY
-        # for precision use value/2 e.g. 2m = +/-1m
-
-        attr_reader :hprecision
-
-        ##
-        # The vertical precision using ssize type values
-        # in meters using scientific notation as 2 integers of XeY
-        # for precision use value/2 e.g. 2m = +/-1m
-
-        attr_reader :vprecision
-
-        ##
-        # The latitude for this LOC where 2**31 is the equator
-        # in thousandths of an arc second as an unsigned 32bit integer
-
-        attr_reader :latitude
-
-        ##
-        # The longitude for this LOC where 2**31 is the prime meridian
-        # in thousandths of an arc second as an unsigned 32bit integer
-
-        attr_reader :longitude
-
-        ##
-        # The altitude of the LOC above a reference sphere whose surface sits 100km below the WGS84 spheroid
-        # in centimeters as an unsigned 32bit integer
-
-        attr_reader :altitude
-
-        def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_bytes(@version)
-          msg.put_bytes(@ssize.scalar)
-          msg.put_bytes(@hprecision.scalar)
-          msg.put_bytes(@vprecision.scalar)
-          msg.put_bytes(@latitude.coordinates)
-          msg.put_bytes(@longitude.coordinates)
-          msg.put_bytes(@altitude.altitude)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          version    = msg.get_bytes(1)
-          ssize      = msg.get_bytes(1)
-          hprecision = msg.get_bytes(1)
-          vprecision = msg.get_bytes(1)
-          latitude   = msg.get_bytes(4)
-          longitude  = msg.get_bytes(4)
-          altitude   = msg.get_bytes(4)
-          return self.new(
-            version,
-            Gem::Resolv::LOC::Size.new(ssize),
-            Gem::Resolv::LOC::Size.new(hprecision),
-            Gem::Resolv::LOC::Size.new(vprecision),
-            Gem::Resolv::LOC::Coord.new(latitude,"lat"),
-            Gem::Resolv::LOC::Coord.new(longitude,"lon"),
-            Gem::Resolv::LOC::Alt.new(altitude)
-          )
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # A Query type requesting any RR.
-
-      class ANY < Query
-        TypeValue = 255 # :nodoc:
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # CAA resource record defined in RFC 8659
-      #
-      # These records identify certificate authority allowed to issue
-      # certificates for the given domain.
-
-      class CAA < Resource
-        TypeValue = 257
-
-        ##
-        # Creates a new CAA for +flags+, +tag+ and +value+.
-
-        def initialize(flags, tag, value)
-          unless (0..255) === flags
-            raise ArgumentError.new('flags must be an Integer between 0 and 255')
-          end
-          unless (1..15) === tag.bytesize
-            raise ArgumentError.new('length of tag must be between 1 and 15')
-          end
-
-          @flags = flags
-          @tag = tag
-          @value = value
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # Flags for this property:
-        # - Bit 0 : 0 = not critical, 1 = critical
-
-        attr_reader :flags
-
-        ##
-        # Property tag ("issue", "issuewild", "iodef"...).
-
-        attr_reader :tag
-
-        ##
-        # Property value.
-
-        attr_reader :value
-
-        ##
-        # Whether the critical flag is set on this property.
-
-        def critical?
-          flags & 0x80 != 0
-        end
-
-        def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          msg.put_pack('C', @flags)
-          msg.put_string(@tag)
-          msg.put_bytes(@value)
-        end
-
-        def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-          flags, = msg.get_unpack('C')
-          tag = msg.get_string
-          value = msg.get_bytes
-          self.new flags, tag, value
-        end
-      end
-
-      ClassInsensitiveTypes = [ # :nodoc:
-        NS, CNAME, SOA, PTR, HINFO, MINFO, MX, TXT, LOC, ANY, CAA
-      ]
-
-      ##
-      # module IN contains ARPA Internet specific RRs.
-
-      module IN
-
-        ClassValue = 1 # :nodoc:
-
-        ClassInsensitiveTypes.each {|s|
-          c = Class.new(s)
-          c.const_set(:TypeValue, s::TypeValue)
-          c.const_set(:ClassValue, ClassValue)
-          ClassHash[[s::TypeValue, ClassValue]] = c
-          self.const_set(s.name.sub(/.*::/, ''), c)
-        }
-
-        ##
-        # IPv4 Address resource
-
-        class A < Resource
-          TypeValue = 1
-          ClassValue = IN::ClassValue
-          ClassHash[[TypeValue, ClassValue]] = self # :nodoc:
-
-          ##
-          # Creates a new A for +address+.
-
-          def initialize(address)
-            @address = IPv4.create(address)
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The Gem::Resolv::IPv4 address for this A.
-
-          attr_reader :address
-
-          def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            msg.put_bytes(@address.address)
-          end
-
-          def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            return self.new(IPv4.new(msg.get_bytes(4)))
-          end
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # Well Known Service resource.
-
-        class WKS < Resource
-          TypeValue = 11
-          ClassValue = IN::ClassValue
-          ClassHash[[TypeValue, ClassValue]] = self # :nodoc:
-
-          def initialize(address, protocol, bitmap)
-            @address = IPv4.create(address)
-            @protocol = protocol
-            @bitmap = bitmap
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The host these services run on.
-
-          attr_reader :address
-
-          ##
-          # IP protocol number for these services.
-
-          attr_reader :protocol
-
-          ##
-          # A bit map of enabled services on this host.
-          #
-          # If protocol is 6 (TCP) then the 26th bit corresponds to the SMTP
-          # service (port 25).  If this bit is set, then an SMTP server should
-          # be listening on TCP port 25; if zero, SMTP service is not
-          # supported.
-
-          attr_reader :bitmap
-
-          def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            msg.put_bytes(@address.address)
-            msg.put_pack("n", @protocol)
-            msg.put_bytes(@bitmap)
-          end
-
-          def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            address = IPv4.new(msg.get_bytes(4))
-            protocol, = msg.get_unpack("n")
-            bitmap = msg.get_bytes
-            return self.new(address, protocol, bitmap)
-          end
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # An IPv6 address record.
-
-        class AAAA < Resource
-          TypeValue = 28
-          ClassValue = IN::ClassValue
-          ClassHash[[TypeValue, ClassValue]] = self # :nodoc:
-
-          ##
-          # Creates a new AAAA for +address+.
-
-          def initialize(address)
-            @address = IPv6.create(address)
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The Gem::Resolv::IPv6 address for this AAAA.
-
-          attr_reader :address
-
-          def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            msg.put_bytes(@address.address)
-          end
-
-          def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            return self.new(IPv6.new(msg.get_bytes(16)))
-          end
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # SRV resource record defined in RFC 2782
-        #
-        # These records identify the hostname and port that a service is
-        # available at.
-
-        class SRV < Resource
-          TypeValue = 33
-          ClassValue = IN::ClassValue
-          ClassHash[[TypeValue, ClassValue]] = self # :nodoc:
-
-          # Create a SRV resource record.
-          #
-          # See the documentation for #priority, #weight, #port and #target
-          # for +priority+, +weight+, +port and +target+ respectively.
-
-          def initialize(priority, weight, port, target)
-            @priority = priority.to_int
-            @weight = weight.to_int
-            @port = port.to_int
-            @target = Name.create(target)
-          end
-
-          # The priority of this target host.
-          #
-          # A client MUST attempt to contact the target host with the
-          # lowest-numbered priority it can reach; target hosts with the same
-          # priority SHOULD be tried in an order defined by the weight field.
-          # The range is 0-65535.  Note that it is not widely implemented and
-          # should be set to zero.
-
-          attr_reader :priority
-
-          # A server selection mechanism.
-          #
-          # The weight field specifies a relative weight for entries with the
-          # same priority. Larger weights SHOULD be given a proportionately
-          # higher probability of being selected. The range of this number is
-          # 0-65535.  Domain administrators SHOULD use Weight 0 when there
-          # isn't any server selection to do, to make the RR easier to read
-          # for humans (less noisy). Note that it is not widely implemented
-          # and should be set to zero.
-
-          attr_reader :weight
-
-          # The port on this target host of this service.
-          #
-          # The range is 0-65535.
-
-          attr_reader :port
-
-          # The domain name of the target host.
-          #
-          # A target of "." means that the service is decidedly not available
-          # at this domain.
-
-          attr_reader :target
-
-          def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            msg.put_pack("n", @priority)
-            msg.put_pack("n", @weight)
-            msg.put_pack("n", @port)
-            msg.put_name(@target, compress: false)
-          end
-
-          def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            priority, = msg.get_unpack("n")
-            weight,   = msg.get_unpack("n")
-            port,     = msg.get_unpack("n")
-            target    = msg.get_name
-            return self.new(priority, weight, port, target)
-          end
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # Common implementation for SVCB-compatible resource records.
-
-        class ServiceBinding
-
-          ##
-          # Create a service binding resource record.
-
-          def initialize(priority, target, params = [])
-            @priority = priority.to_int
-            @target = Name.create(target)
-            @params = SvcParams.new(params)
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # The priority of this target host.
-          #
-          # The range is 0-65535.
-          # If set to 0, this RR is in AliasMode. Otherwise, it is in ServiceMode.
-
-          attr_reader :priority
-
-          ##
-          # The domain name of the target host.
-
-          attr_reader :target
-
-          ##
-          # The service parameters for the target host.
-
-          attr_reader :params
-
-          ##
-          # Whether this RR is in AliasMode.
-
-          def alias_mode?
-            self.priority == 0
-          end
-
-          ##
-          # Whether this RR is in ServiceMode.
-
-          def service_mode?
-            !alias_mode?
-          end
-
-          def encode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            msg.put_pack("n", @priority)
-            msg.put_name(@target, compress: false)
-            @params.encode(msg)
-          end
-
-          def self.decode_rdata(msg) # :nodoc:
-            priority, = msg.get_unpack("n")
-            target    = msg.get_name
-            params    = SvcParams.decode(msg)
-            return self.new(priority, target, params)
-          end
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # SVCB resource record [RFC9460]
-
-        class SVCB < ServiceBinding
-          TypeValue = 64
-          ClassValue = IN::ClassValue
-          ClassHash[[TypeValue, ClassValue]] = self # :nodoc:
-        end
-
-        ##
-        # HTTPS resource record [RFC9460]
-
-        class HTTPS < ServiceBinding
-          TypeValue = 65
-          ClassValue = IN::ClassValue
-          ClassHash[[TypeValue, ClassValue]] = self # :nodoc:
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # A Gem::Resolv::DNS IPv4 address.
-
-  class IPv4
-
-    ##
-    # Regular expression IPv4 addresses must match.
-
-    Regex256 = /0
-               |1(?:[0-9][0-9]?)?
-               |2(?:[0-4][0-9]?|5[0-5]?|[6-9])?
-               |[3-9][0-9]?/x
-    Regex = /\A(#{Regex256})\.(#{Regex256})\.(#{Regex256})\.(#{Regex256})\z/
-
-    def self.create(arg)
-      case arg
-      when IPv4
-        return arg
-      when Regex
-        if (0..255) === (a = $1.to_i) &&
-           (0..255) === (b = $2.to_i) &&
-           (0..255) === (c = $3.to_i) &&
-           (0..255) === (d = $4.to_i)
-          return self.new([a, b, c, d].pack("CCCC"))
-        else
-          raise ArgumentError.new("IPv4 address with invalid value: " + arg)
-        end
-      else
-        raise ArgumentError.new("cannot interpret as IPv4 address: #{arg.inspect}")
-      end
-    end
-
-    def initialize(address) # :nodoc:
-      unless address.kind_of?(String)
-        raise ArgumentError, 'IPv4 address must be a string'
-      end
-      unless address.length == 4
-        raise ArgumentError, "IPv4 address expects 4 bytes but #{address.length} bytes"
-      end
-      @address = address
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # A String representation of this IPv4 address.
-
-    ##
-    # The raw IPv4 address as a String.
-
-    attr_reader :address
-
-    def to_s # :nodoc:
-      return sprintf("%d.%d.%d.%d", *@address.unpack("CCCC"))
-    end
-
-    def inspect # :nodoc:
-      return "#<#{self.class} #{self}>"
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Turns this IPv4 address into a Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.
-
-    def to_name
-      return DNS::Name.create(
-        '%d.%d.%d.%d.in-addr.arpa.' % @address.unpack('CCCC').reverse)
-    end
-
-    def ==(other) # :nodoc:
-      return @address == other.address
-    end
-
-    def eql?(other) # :nodoc:
-      return self == other
-    end
-
-    def hash # :nodoc:
-      return @address.hash
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # A Gem::Resolv::DNS IPv6 address.
-
-  class IPv6
-
-    ##
-    # IPv6 address format a:b:c:d:e:f:g:h
-    Regex_8Hex = /\A
-      (?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){7}
-         [0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}
-      \z/x
-
-    ##
-    # Compressed IPv6 address format a::b
-
-    Regex_CompressedHex = /\A
-      ((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}(?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})*)?) ::
-      ((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}(?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})*)?)
-      \z/x
-
-    ##
-    # IPv4 mapped IPv6 address format a:b:c:d:e:f:w.x.y.z
-
-    Regex_6Hex4Dec = /\A
-      ((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){6,6})
-      (\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)
-      \z/x
-
-    ##
-    # Compressed IPv4 mapped IPv6 address format a::b:w.x.y.z
-
-    Regex_CompressedHex4Dec = /\A
-      ((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}(?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})*)?) ::
-      ((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:)*)
-      (\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)
-      \z/x
-
-    ##
-    # IPv6 link local address format fe80:b:c:d:e:f:g:h%em1
-    Regex_8HexLinkLocal = /\A
-      [Ff][Ee]80
-      (?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){7}
-      %[-0-9A-Za-z._~]+
-      \z/x
-
-    ##
-    # Compressed IPv6 link local address format fe80::b%em1
-
-    Regex_CompressedHexLinkLocal = /\A
-      [Ff][Ee]80:
-      (?:
-        ((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}(?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})*)?) ::
-        ((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}(?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})*)?)
-        |
-        :((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}(?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})*)?)
-      )?
-      :[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}%[-0-9A-Za-z._~]+
-      \z/x
-
-    ##
-    # A composite IPv6 address Regexp.
-
-    Regex = /
-      (?:#{Regex_8Hex}) |
-      (?:#{Regex_CompressedHex}) |
-      (?:#{Regex_6Hex4Dec}) |
-      (?:#{Regex_CompressedHex4Dec}) |
-      (?:#{Regex_8HexLinkLocal}) |
-      (?:#{Regex_CompressedHexLinkLocal})
-      /x
-
-    ##
-    # Creates a new IPv6 address from +arg+ which may be:
-    #
-    # IPv6:: returns +arg+.
-    # String:: +arg+ must match one of the IPv6::Regex* constants
-
-    def self.create(arg)
-      case arg
-      when IPv6
-        return arg
-      when String
-        address = ''.b
-        if Regex_8Hex =~ arg
-          arg.scan(/[0-9A-Fa-f]+/) {|hex| address << [hex.hex].pack('n')}
-        elsif Regex_CompressedHex =~ arg
-          prefix = $1
-          suffix = $2
-          a1 = ''.b
-          a2 = ''.b
-          prefix.scan(/[0-9A-Fa-f]+/) {|hex| a1 << [hex.hex].pack('n')}
-          suffix.scan(/[0-9A-Fa-f]+/) {|hex| a2 << [hex.hex].pack('n')}
-          omitlen = 16 - a1.length - a2.length
-          address << a1 << "\0" * omitlen << a2
-        elsif Regex_6Hex4Dec =~ arg
-          prefix, a, b, c, d = $1, $2.to_i, $3.to_i, $4.to_i, $5.to_i
-          if (0..255) === a && (0..255) === b && (0..255) === c && (0..255) === d
-            prefix.scan(/[0-9A-Fa-f]+/) {|hex| address << [hex.hex].pack('n')}
-            address << [a, b, c, d].pack('CCCC')
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError.new("not numeric IPv6 address: " + arg)
-          end
-        elsif Regex_CompressedHex4Dec =~ arg
-          prefix, suffix, a, b, c, d = $1, $2, $3.to_i, $4.to_i, $5.to_i, $6.to_i
-          if (0..255) === a && (0..255) === b && (0..255) === c && (0..255) === d
-            a1 = ''.b
-            a2 = ''.b
-            prefix.scan(/[0-9A-Fa-f]+/) {|hex| a1 << [hex.hex].pack('n')}
-            suffix.scan(/[0-9A-Fa-f]+/) {|hex| a2 << [hex.hex].pack('n')}
-            omitlen = 12 - a1.length - a2.length
-            address << a1 << "\0" * omitlen << a2 << [a, b, c, d].pack('CCCC')
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError.new("not numeric IPv6 address: " + arg)
-          end
-        else
-          raise ArgumentError.new("not numeric IPv6 address: " + arg)
-        end
-        return IPv6.new(address)
-      else
-        raise ArgumentError.new("cannot interpret as IPv6 address: #{arg.inspect}")
-      end
-    end
-
-    def initialize(address) # :nodoc:
-      unless address.kind_of?(String) && address.length == 16
-        raise ArgumentError.new('IPv6 address must be 16 bytes')
-      end
-      @address = address
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # The raw IPv6 address as a String.
-
-    attr_reader :address
-
-    def to_s # :nodoc:
-      sprintf("%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x", *@address.unpack("nnnnnnnn")).sub(/(^|:)0(:0)+(:|$)/, '::')
-    end
-
-    def inspect # :nodoc:
-      return "#<#{self.class} #{self}>"
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Turns this IPv6 address into a Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.
-    #--
-    # ip6.arpa should be searched too. [RFC3152]
-
-    def to_name
-      return DNS::Name.new(
-        @address.unpack("H32")[0].split(//).reverse + ['ip6', 'arpa'])
-    end
-
-    def ==(other) # :nodoc:
-      return @address == other.address
-    end
-
-    def eql?(other) # :nodoc:
-      return self == other
-    end
-
-    def hash # :nodoc:
-      return @address.hash
-    end
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Gem::Resolv::MDNS is a one-shot Multicast DNS (mDNS) resolver.  It blindly
-  # makes queries to the mDNS addresses without understanding anything about
-  # multicast ports.
-  #
-  # Information taken form the following places:
-  #
-  # * RFC 6762
-
-  class MDNS < DNS
-
-    ##
-    # Default mDNS Port
-
-    Port = 5353
-
-    ##
-    # Default IPv4 mDNS address
-
-    AddressV4 = '224.0.0.251'
-
-    ##
-    # Default IPv6 mDNS address
-
-    AddressV6 = 'ff02::fb'
-
-    ##
-    # Default mDNS addresses
-
-    Addresses = [
-      [AddressV4, Port],
-      [AddressV6, Port],
-    ]
-
-    ##
-    # Creates a new one-shot Multicast DNS (mDNS) resolver.
-    #
-    # +config_info+ can be:
-    #
-    # nil::
-    #   Uses the default mDNS addresses
-    #
-    # Hash::
-    #   Must contain :nameserver or :nameserver_port like
-    #   Gem::Resolv::DNS#initialize.
-
-    def initialize(config_info=nil)
-      if config_info then
-        super({ nameserver_port: Addresses }.merge(config_info))
-      else
-        super(nameserver_port: Addresses)
-      end
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # Iterates over all IP addresses for +name+ retrieved from the mDNS
-    # resolver, provided name ends with "local".  If the name does not end in
-    # "local" no records will be returned.
-    #
-    # +name+ can be a Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name or a String.  Retrieved addresses will
-    # be a Gem::Resolv::IPv4 or Gem::Resolv::IPv6
-
-    def each_address(name)
-      name = Gem::Resolv::DNS::Name.create(name)
-
-      return unless name[-1].to_s == 'local'
-
-      super(name)
-    end
-
-    def make_udp_requester # :nodoc:
-      nameserver_port = @config.nameserver_port
-      Requester::MDNSOneShot.new(*nameserver_port)
-    end
-
-  end
-
-  module LOC
-
-    ##
-    # A Gem::Resolv::LOC::Size
-
-    class Size
-
-      Regex = /^(\d+\.*\d*)[m]$/
-
-      ##
-      # Creates a new LOC::Size from +arg+ which may be:
-      #
-      # LOC::Size:: returns +arg+.
-      # String:: +arg+ must match the LOC::Size::Regex constant
-
-      def self.create(arg)
-        case arg
-        when Size
-          return arg
-        when String
-          scalar = ''
-          if Regex =~ arg
-            scalar = [(($1.to_f*(1e2)).to_i.to_s[0].to_i*(2**4)+(($1.to_f*(1e2)).to_i.to_s.length-1))].pack("C")
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError.new("not a properly formed Size string: " + arg)
-          end
-          return Size.new(scalar)
-        else
-          raise ArgumentError.new("cannot interpret as Size: #{arg.inspect}")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def initialize(scalar)
-        @scalar = scalar
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # The raw size
-
-      attr_reader :scalar
-
-      def to_s # :nodoc:
-        s = @scalar.unpack("H2").join.to_s
-        return ((s[0].to_i)*(10**(s[1].to_i-2))).to_s << "m"
-      end
-
-      def inspect # :nodoc:
-        return "#<#{self.class} #{self}>"
-      end
-
-      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
-        return @scalar == other.scalar
-      end
-
-      def eql?(other) # :nodoc:
-        return self == other
-      end
-
-      def hash # :nodoc:
-        return @scalar.hash
-      end
-
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # A Gem::Resolv::LOC::Coord
-
-    class Coord
-
-      Regex = /^(\d+)\s(\d+)\s(\d+\.\d+)\s([NESW])$/
-
-      ##
-      # Creates a new LOC::Coord from +arg+ which may be:
-      #
-      # LOC::Coord:: returns +arg+.
-      # String:: +arg+ must match the LOC::Coord::Regex constant
-
-      def self.create(arg)
-        case arg
-        when Coord
-          return arg
-        when String
-          coordinates = ''
-          if Regex =~ arg && $1.to_f < 180
-            m = $~
-            hemi = (m[4][/[NE]/]) || (m[4][/[SW]/]) ? 1 : -1
-            coordinates = [ ((m[1].to_i*(36e5)) + (m[2].to_i*(6e4)) +
-                             (m[3].to_f*(1e3))) * hemi+(2**31) ].pack("N")
-            orientation = m[4][/[NS]/] ? 'lat' : 'lon'
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError.new("not a properly formed Coord string: " + arg)
-          end
-          return Coord.new(coordinates,orientation)
-        else
-          raise ArgumentError.new("cannot interpret as Coord: #{arg.inspect}")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def initialize(coordinates,orientation)
-        unless coordinates.kind_of?(String)
-          raise ArgumentError.new("Coord must be a 32bit unsigned integer in hex format: #{coordinates.inspect}")
-        end
-        unless orientation.kind_of?(String) && orientation[/^lon$|^lat$/]
-          raise ArgumentError.new('Coord expects orientation to be a String argument of "lat" or "lon"')
-        end
-        @coordinates = coordinates
-        @orientation = orientation
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # The raw coordinates
-
-      attr_reader :coordinates
-
-      ## The orientation of the hemisphere as 'lat' or 'lon'
-
-      attr_reader :orientation
-
-      def to_s # :nodoc:
-          c = @coordinates.unpack("N").join.to_i
-          val      = (c - (2**31)).abs
-          fracsecs = (val % 1e3).to_i.to_s
-          val      = val / 1e3
-          secs     = (val % 60).to_i.to_s
-          val      = val / 60
-          mins     = (val % 60).to_i.to_s
-          degs     = (val / 60).to_i.to_s
-          posi = (c >= 2**31)
-          case posi
-          when true
-            hemi = @orientation[/^lat$/] ? "N" : "E"
-          else
-            hemi = @orientation[/^lon$/] ? "W" : "S"
-          end
-          return degs << " " << mins << " " << secs << "." << fracsecs << " " << hemi
-      end
-
-      def inspect # :nodoc:
-        return "#<#{self.class} #{self}>"
-      end
-
-      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
-        return @coordinates == other.coordinates
-      end
-
-      def eql?(other) # :nodoc:
-        return self == other
-      end
-
-      def hash # :nodoc:
-        return @coordinates.hash
-      end
-
-    end
-
-    ##
-    # A Gem::Resolv::LOC::Alt
-
-    class Alt
-
-      Regex = /^([+-]*\d+\.*\d*)[m]$/
-
-      ##
-      # Creates a new LOC::Alt from +arg+ which may be:
-      #
-      # LOC::Alt:: returns +arg+.
-      # String:: +arg+ must match the LOC::Alt::Regex constant
-
-      def self.create(arg)
-        case arg
-        when Alt
-          return arg
-        when String
-          altitude = ''
-          if Regex =~ arg
-            altitude = [($1.to_f*(1e2))+(1e7)].pack("N")
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError.new("not a properly formed Alt string: " + arg)
-          end
-          return Alt.new(altitude)
-        else
-          raise ArgumentError.new("cannot interpret as Alt: #{arg.inspect}")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def initialize(altitude)
-        @altitude = altitude
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # The raw altitude
-
-      attr_reader :altitude
-
-      def to_s # :nodoc:
-        a = @altitude.unpack("N").join.to_i
-        return ((a.to_f/1e2)-1e5).to_s + "m"
-      end
-
-      def inspect # :nodoc:
-        return "#<#{self.class} #{self}>"
-      end
-
-      def ==(other) # :nodoc:
-        return @altitude == other.altitude
-      end
-
-      def eql?(other) # :nodoc:
-        return self == other
-      end
-
-      def hash # :nodoc:
-        return @altitude.hash
-      end
-
-    end
-
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Default resolver to use for Gem::Resolv class methods.
-
-  DefaultResolver = self.new
-
-  ##
-  # Replaces the resolvers in the default resolver with +new_resolvers+.  This
-  # allows resolvers to be changed for resolv-replace.
-
-  def DefaultResolver.replace_resolvers new_resolvers
-    @resolvers = new_resolvers
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Address Regexp to use for matching IP addresses.
-
-  AddressRegex = /(?:#{IPv4::Regex})|(?:#{IPv6::Regex})/
-
-end