@opensaas/stack-core 0.39.2 → 0.41.0

package/src/mcp/projection.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+import type { AccessContext, Session } from '../access/types.js'
+import type { FieldConfig, ListConfig, OpenSaasConfig, RelationshipField } from '../config/types.js'
+import { checkAccess, getRelatedListConfig } from '../access/engine.js'
+import { validateQueryFieldReadAccess, validateQueryKeys } from '../access/query-validation.js'
+import type { FieldSelection } from '../query/index.js'
+import { pickFields } from '../query/index.js'
+import { MCP_NESTED_TAKE_DEFAULT, MCP_NESTED_TAKE_MAX } from './constants.js'
+
+/** A scalar/virtual field in a `fields` projection is selected by naming it `true` — this advertises that, not the field's own value shape (`fieldToJsonSchema`, used for `create`/`update`, is a different schema entirely). */
+function scalarSelectorSchema(fieldName: string): Record<string, unknown> {
+  return { type: 'boolean', description: `Include the "${fieldName}" field` }
+}
+
+/**
+ * `id`/`createdAt`/`updatedAt` are added to every list automatically and
+ * excluded from `listConfig.fields` (CLAUDE.md's "System Fields"), so they
+ * need their own selector entries at every level a `fields` projection can
+ * name fields — a scalar-only loop over `listConfig.fields` would otherwise
+ * never advertise or accept them. `id` is additionally forced into every
+ * `FieldSelection` this module builds (`withId`, below), never left to the
+ * caller: a record projected down to none of its own identifying columns
+ * cannot be the target of a follow-up `update`/`delete` call.
+ */
+function systemFieldProperties(): Record<string, unknown> {
+  return {
+    id: {
+      type: 'boolean',
+      description: 'Include the "id" field (always returned regardless of selection)',
+    },
+    createdAt: scalarSelectorSchema('createdAt'),
+    updatedAt: scalarSelectorSchema('updatedAt'),
+  }
+}
+
+function isSystemFieldName(name: string): name is 'id' | 'createdAt' | 'updatedAt' {
+  return name === 'id' || name === 'createdAt' || name === 'updatedAt'
+}
+
+/** Force `id` into a field selection being built for one level of a `fields` projection — see `systemFieldProperties`'s doc comment. */
+function withId(selection: Record<string, unknown>): Record<string, unknown> {
+  return { ...selection, id: true }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Thrown when a `query` tool's `fields` argument names something the
+ * generated projection schema does not advertise — an unknown field, a
+ * relation two levels deeper than enumerated, or the wrong shape for what
+ * it named. Caught in the MCP handler and turned into an `isError` tool
+ * result (never a JSON-RPC protocol error, #995) naming what was asked for
+ * and what is available, so the calling model can retry narrower.
+ */
+export class McpProjectionRefusedError extends Error {
+  constructor(message: string) {
+    super(message)
+    this.name = 'McpProjectionRefusedError'
+  }
+}
+
+function isRelationshipField(
+  fieldConfig: FieldConfig | undefined,
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- RelationshipField must accept any TypeInfo
+): fieldConfig is RelationshipField<any> {
+  return (
+    !!fieldConfig &&
+    fieldConfig.type === 'relationship' &&
+    'ref' in fieldConfig &&
+    !!fieldConfig.ref
+  )
+}
+
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- RelationshipField must accept any TypeInfo
+function isMany(fieldConfig: RelationshipField<any>): boolean {
+  return fieldConfig.many === true
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolve a relation field's target list, or `null` if it should not be
+ * advertised/selectable at all: the ref doesn't resolve, its MCP tools are
+ * disabled (ADR-0033 — a list with `mcp.enabled: false` is unreachable
+ * through MCP, including as a relation target), or this session's
+ * operation-level `query` access on it is denied outright.
+ */
+async function relatedListIfVisible(
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- RelationshipField must accept any TypeInfo
+  fieldConfig: RelationshipField<any>,
+  config: OpenSaasConfig,
+  session: Session | null,
+  context: AccessContext,
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- ListConfig must accept any TypeInfo
+): Promise<{ listName: string; listConfig: ListConfig<any> } | null> {
+  const related = getRelatedListConfig(fieldConfig.ref, config)
+  if (!related) return null
+  if (related.listConfig.mcp?.enabled === false) return null
+
+  const queryAccess = related.listConfig.access?.operation?.query
+  const result = await checkAccess(queryAccess, { session, context })
+  if (result === false) return null
+
+  return related
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generate the JSON Schema for the `query` tool's `fields` projection
+ * argument: two levels of the list's own vocabulary (ADR-0033). Level 1 is
+ * this list's own scalar/virtual fields (booleans) and relations (nested
+ * objects); level 2, inside a relation's own `fields`, is the related
+ * list's scalar/virtual fields only — a relation named there terminates
+ * (not itself selectable further), which is what keeps the schema finite
+ * against a self-referential relationship. Denied/MCP-disabled relation
+ * targets are omitted from the vocabulary entirely, per-session.
+ */
+export async function generateFieldsProjectionSchema(
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- ListConfig must accept any TypeInfo
+  listConfig: ListConfig<any>,
+  config: OpenSaasConfig,
+  session: Session | null,
+  context: AccessContext,
+): Promise<Record<string, unknown>> {
+  const properties: Record<string, unknown> = systemFieldProperties()
+
+  for (const [fieldName, fieldConfig] of Object.entries(listConfig.fields)) {
+    if (!isRelationshipField(fieldConfig)) {
+      properties[fieldName] = scalarSelectorSchema(fieldName)
+      continue
+    }
+
+    const related = await relatedListIfVisible(fieldConfig, config, session, context)
+    if (!related) continue
+
+    const level2Properties: Record<string, unknown> = systemFieldProperties()
+    for (const [relFieldName, relFieldConfig] of Object.entries(related.listConfig.fields)) {
+      if (isRelationshipField(relFieldConfig)) continue
+      level2Properties[relFieldName] = scalarSelectorSchema(relFieldName)
+    }
+
+    const many = isMany(fieldConfig)
+    properties[fieldName] = {
+      type: 'object',
+      description: many
+        ? `Select fields from the related ${related.listName} records`
+        : `Select fields from the related ${related.listName} record`,
+      properties: {
+        fields: {
+          type: 'object',
+          description: `Fields to return from ${related.listName}`,
+          properties: level2Properties,
+          additionalProperties: false,
+        },
+        ...(many
+          ? {
+              where: { type: 'object', description: `Prisma where clause for ${related.listName}` },
+              orderBy: { type: 'object', description: 'Sort order' },
+              take: {
+                type: 'number',
+                description: `Max rows to return (default ${MCP_NESTED_TAKE_DEFAULT}, hard cap ${MCP_NESTED_TAKE_MAX})`,
+              },
+              skip: { type: 'number', description: 'Rows to skip' },
+              count: {
+                type: 'boolean',
+                description:
+                  'Return the total row count instead of, or alongside, the rows themselves',
+              },
+            }
+          : {}),
+      },
+      ...(many ? {} : { required: ['fields'] }),
+      additionalProperties: false,
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    type: 'object',
+    description:
+      'Select which fields (and, for relations, which nested fields) to return. Omit to get scalars and virtuals only, unchanged from today.',
+    properties,
+    additionalProperties: false,
+  }
+}
+
+/** What `resolveFieldsProjection` produces: a `context.db` `include` to fetch, the field selection to project the result down to, and which relations asked for a count. */
+export type ResolvedFieldsProjection = {
+  include: Record<string, unknown> | undefined
+  fieldSelection: FieldSelection<unknown>
+  countRequests: Map<string, 'only' | 'alongside'>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Build the `context.db` include entry for a to-many relation's own rows —
+ * shared by a `fields`-selected relation and a count-only one (the latter
+ * fetches identically, just never adds the key to `fieldSelection`, so the
+ * rows reach field-visibility's access check but never the caller).
+ */
+function buildManyIncludeEntry(
+  many: boolean,
+  entry: Record<string, unknown>,
+): Record<string, unknown> | true {
+  if (!many) return true
+  const includeEntry: Record<string, unknown> = {}
+  if (entry.where !== undefined) includeEntry.where = entry.where
+  if (entry.orderBy !== undefined) includeEntry.orderBy = entry.orderBy
+  const requestedTake = entry.take !== undefined ? Number(entry.take) : MCP_NESTED_TAKE_DEFAULT
+  includeEntry.take = Math.min(requestedTake, MCP_NESTED_TAKE_MAX)
+  if (entry.skip !== undefined) includeEntry.skip = entry.skip
+  return includeEntry
+}
+
+/** Access-scoped `_count.select` entry for one to-many relation: the related list's `query` access ANDed with any caller `where` on that same relation — mirrors how `buildAccessScopedInclude` scopes the relation's own rows (`andWhere`), since Prisma's `_count` is a sibling key that walk does not itself touch. */
+async function accessScopedCountEntry(
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- RelationshipField must accept any TypeInfo
+  fieldConfig: RelationshipField<any>,
+  config: OpenSaasConfig,
+  session: Session | null,
+  context: AccessContext,
+  callerWhere: Record<string, unknown> | undefined,
+): Promise<true | { where: Record<string, unknown> } | null> {
+  const related = getRelatedListConfig(fieldConfig.ref, config)
+  if (!related) return null
+
+  const queryAccess = related.listConfig.access?.operation?.query
+  const result = await checkAccess(queryAccess, { session, context })
+  if (result === false) return null
+
+  const accessWhere = typeof result === 'object' ? result : undefined
+  const merged =
+    accessWhere && callerWhere ? { AND: [accessWhere, callerWhere] } : (accessWhere ?? callerWhere)
+  return merged ? { where: merged } : true
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate a caller-supplied `fields` argument against the same vocabulary
+ * `generateFieldsProjectionSchema` advertises, and translate it into a
+ * `context.db` `include` (so the normal read pipeline — access scoping,
+ * `needs` folding, the depth cap — applies exactly as it does for any other
+ * caller `include`; no parallel read path) plus a `FieldSelection` for
+ * projecting the result down to what was asked for. Throws
+ * `McpProjectionRefusedError` naming what was asked for and what's
+ * available on any mismatch, never serves on a best-effort basis.
+ */
+export async function resolveFieldsProjection(
+  fieldsArg: unknown,
+  listKey: string,
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- ListConfig must accept any TypeInfo
+  listConfig: ListConfig<any>,
+  config: OpenSaasConfig,
+  session: Session | null,
+  context: AccessContext,
+): Promise<ResolvedFieldsProjection> {
+  if (fieldsArg === null || typeof fieldsArg !== 'object' || Array.isArray(fieldsArg)) {
+    throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+      `"fields" must be an object mapping field names to \`true\` or a relation selector.`,
+    )
+  }
+
+  const include: Record<string, unknown> = {}
+  // `id` is always projected back, whether or not the caller asked for it —
+  // see `systemFieldProperties`'s doc comment.
+  const fieldSelection: Record<string, unknown> = { id: true }
+  const countRequests = new Map<string, 'only' | 'alongside'>()
+  let hasIncludeEntries = false
+
+  for (const [fieldName, rawValue] of Object.entries(fieldsArg as Record<string, unknown>)) {
+    if (isSystemFieldName(fieldName)) {
+      if (rawValue !== true) {
+        throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+          `"${listKey}.${fieldName}" is a scalar — select it with \`true\`, not ${JSON.stringify(rawValue)}.`,
+        )
+      }
+      fieldSelection[fieldName] = true
+      continue
+    }
+
+    const fieldConfig = listConfig.fields[fieldName]
+    if (!fieldConfig) {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+        `"${listKey}" has no field "${fieldName}". Available fields: ${Object.keys(listConfig.fields).join(', ')}.`,
+      )
+    }
+
+    if (!isRelationshipField(fieldConfig)) {
+      if (rawValue !== true) {
+        throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+          `"${listKey}.${fieldName}" is a scalar — select it with \`true\`, not ${JSON.stringify(rawValue)}.`,
+        )
+      }
+      fieldSelection[fieldName] = true
+      continue
+    }
+
+    const related = await relatedListIfVisible(fieldConfig, config, session, context)
+    if (!related) {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+        `"${listKey}.${fieldName}" is not available for selection — its related list is not ` +
+          `queryable by this session, or has MCP disabled.`,
+      )
+    }
+
+    if (rawValue === null || typeof rawValue !== 'object' || Array.isArray(rawValue)) {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+        `"${listKey}.${fieldName}" is a relation — select it with an object, e.g. { "fields": { ... } }.`,
+      )
+    }
+
+    const entry = rawValue as Record<string, unknown>
+    const many = isMany(fieldConfig)
+    const allowedKeys = many
+      ? new Set(['fields', 'where', 'orderBy', 'take', 'skip', 'count'])
+      : new Set(['fields'])
+    for (const key of Object.keys(entry)) {
+      if (!allowedKeys.has(key)) {
+        throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+          `"${listKey}.${fieldName}" does not accept "${key}" (allowed: ${[...allowedKeys].join(', ')}).`,
+        )
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Type-check each key before it reaches Prisma — a malformed value here
+    // would otherwise only surface as an opaque Prisma error out of the
+    // `context.db` call below, instead of a clear refusal naming the shape
+    // that was expected (mirrors `access-filter.ts`'s `asEntryObject`).
+    if (entry.where !== undefined && (entry.where === null || typeof entry.where !== 'object')) {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(`"${listKey}.${fieldName}.where" must be an object.`)
+    }
+    if (
+      entry.orderBy !== undefined &&
+      (entry.orderBy === null || typeof entry.orderBy !== 'object')
+    ) {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+        `"${listKey}.${fieldName}.orderBy" must be an object or an array of objects.`,
+      )
+    }
+    if (entry.take !== undefined && typeof entry.take !== 'number') {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(`"${listKey}.${fieldName}.take" must be a number.`)
+    }
+    if (entry.skip !== undefined && typeof entry.skip !== 'number') {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(`"${listKey}.${fieldName}.skip" must be a number.`)
+    }
+    if (entry.count !== undefined && typeof entry.count !== 'boolean') {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(`"${listKey}.${fieldName}.count" must be a boolean.`)
+    }
+    if (entry.take !== undefined && (entry.take as number) < 0) {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+        `"${listKey}.${fieldName}.take" must not be negative (nested reverse pagination isn't supported).`,
+      )
+    }
+
+    // A nested `where`/`orderBy` names fields on the RELATED list — validate
+    // them the same way the root read path validates the root list's own
+    // `where`/`orderBy` (#912/#915), or a session could infer a field-level-
+    // denied related field's value from which rows come back, their order,
+    // or (via `count`, below) how many there are.
+    if (entry.where !== undefined || entry.orderBy !== undefined) {
+      validateQueryKeys({
+        where: entry.where,
+        orderBy: entry.orderBy,
+        listConfig: related.listConfig,
+        listName: related.listName,
+        config,
+        isSudo: false,
+      })
+      await validateQueryFieldReadAccess({
+        where: entry.where,
+        orderBy: entry.orderBy,
+        listConfig: related.listConfig,
+        listName: related.listName,
+        session,
+        context,
+        isSudo: false,
+      })
+    }
+
+    const nestedFieldsArg = entry.fields
+    const wantsCount = many && entry.count === true
+
+    if (nestedFieldsArg === undefined && !wantsCount) {
+      throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+        `"${listKey}.${fieldName}" needs "fields"${many ? ' or "count"' : ''}.`,
+      )
+    }
+
+    const nestedSelection: Record<string, true> = {}
+    if (nestedFieldsArg !== undefined) {
+      if (
+        nestedFieldsArg === null ||
+        typeof nestedFieldsArg !== 'object' ||
+        Array.isArray(nestedFieldsArg)
+      ) {
+        throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(`"${listKey}.${fieldName}.fields" must be an object.`)
+      }
+      for (const [relFieldName, relValue] of Object.entries(
+        nestedFieldsArg as Record<string, unknown>,
+      )) {
+        if (!isSystemFieldName(relFieldName)) {
+          const relFieldConfig = related.listConfig.fields[relFieldName]
+          if (!relFieldConfig || isRelationshipField(relFieldConfig)) {
+            throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+              `"${related.listName}" has no selectable field "${relFieldName}" at this depth — relations ` +
+                `are not selectable two levels deep; issue a second query for that.`,
+            )
+          }
+        }
+        if (relValue !== true) {
+          throw new McpProjectionRefusedError(
+            `"${related.listName}.${relFieldName}" is a scalar — select it with \`true\`.`,
+          )
+        }
+        nestedSelection[relFieldName] = true
+      }
+
+      include[fieldName] = buildManyIncludeEntry(many, entry)
+      hasIncludeEntries = true
+      fieldSelection[fieldName] = { _type: 'fragment', _fields: withId(nestedSelection) }
+    } else if (wantsCount) {
+      // Count-only (no `fields`): still name the relation in the include,
+      // with the SAME rows a `fields`-and-`count` request would fetch —
+      // never a synthetic zero-row placeholder. Field-visibility's read-
+      // access check for the relationship field runs against whatever the
+      // include actually fetched (`accessItem: workingItem`); a rule that
+      // inspects the relation's own value (e.g. `item.comments.length`)
+      // would see a permanently-empty array under `take: 0` regardless of
+      // the true content, which is wrong in the opposite direction from
+      // what this whole mechanism exists to prevent. The rows themselves
+      // never reach the caller — `fieldSelection` has no entry for this key
+      // — only the access decision `filterReadableFields` made against them
+      // does, read off in `projectMcpResult` below via whether the key
+      // survived into the filtered result.
+      include[fieldName] = buildManyIncludeEntry(many, entry)
+      hasIncludeEntries = true
+    }
+
+    if (wantsCount) {
+      countRequests.set(fieldName, nestedFieldsArg !== undefined ? 'alongside' : 'only')
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (countRequests.size > 0) {
+    const countSelect: Record<string, unknown> = {}
+    for (const fieldName of countRequests.keys()) {
+      const fieldConfig = listConfig.fields[fieldName] as RelationshipField
+      const rawEntry = (fieldsArg as Record<string, unknown>)[fieldName] as Record<string, unknown>
+      const scoped = await accessScopedCountEntry(
+        fieldConfig,
+        config,
+        session,
+        context,
+        rawEntry.where as Record<string, unknown> | undefined,
+      )
+      if (scoped) countSelect[fieldName] = scoped
+    }
+    if (Object.keys(countSelect).length > 0) {
+      include._count = { select: countSelect }
+      hasIncludeEntries = true
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    include: hasIncludeEntries ? include : undefined,
+    fieldSelection: fieldSelection as FieldSelection<unknown>,
+    countRequests,
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Project one raw (already access-checked and field-visibility-filtered)
+ * result row down to a resolved `fields` projection, folding in any
+ * requested relation counts from Prisma's `_count`.
+ *
+ * `_count` is not a declared field, so field-visibility (`filterReadableFields`)
+ * never applies the relationship field's own field-level `read` access to it
+ * the way it already does for the relation's rows. Rather than re-deriving
+ * that decision here — which would mean evaluating the field's access rule
+ * a second time against `rawItem`, a row `filterReadableFields` may have
+ * already stripped OTHER fields from, risking a different answer than the
+ * canonical one it computed against the true raw row — `resolveFieldsProjection`
+ * names every counted relation in the include (even a count-only one, with
+ * `take: 0`) purely so the ordinary pipeline makes that decision once, at the
+ * right place. A count is emitted only for a relation whose key survived
+ * into `rawItem`; one field-visibility dropped is a relation whose count
+ * must stay hidden too.
+ */
+export function projectMcpResult(
+  rawItem: Record<string, unknown>,
+  resolved: ResolvedFieldsProjection,
+): Record<string, unknown> {
+  const picked = pickFields(rawItem, resolved.fieldSelection) as Record<string, unknown>
+  const rawCounts = rawItem._count
+  const counts =
+    rawCounts && typeof rawCounts === 'object' ? (rawCounts as Record<string, unknown>) : {}
+
+  for (const [key, mode] of resolved.countRequests) {
+    if (!(key in rawItem)) continue
+
+    const count = typeof counts[key] === 'number' ? (counts[key] as number) : 0
+    picked[key] = mode === 'only' ? count : { items: picked[key], count }
+  }
+
+  return picked
+}

package/src/utils/password.ts

@@ -67,9 +67,11 @@ export class HashedPassword {
     return this.hash
   }
 
-  // JSON.stringify calls this when present, so the hash serializes as a plain string.
-  toJSON(): string {
-    return this.hash
+  // JSON.stringify calls this when present, so this is the serialize-for-output
+  // redaction point — never return the hash here. toString()/valueOf()/
+  // Symbol.toPrimitive stay unredacted for internal string/compare use.
+  toJSON(): { isSet: boolean } {
+    return { isSet: !!this.hash }
   }
 
   valueOf(): string {

package/tests/access-relationships.test.ts

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ describe('Relationship Access Control', () => {
         // Test that buildAccessScopedInclude excludes the denied relationship
         const { buildAccessScopedInclude } = await import('../src/access/index.js')
 
-        const include = await buildAccessScopedInclude(
+        const { include } = await buildAccessScopedInclude(
           { author: true },
           config.lists.Post.fields,
           {
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ describe('Relationship Access Control', () => {
         // Test that buildAccessScopedInclude creates the right where clause
         const { buildAccessScopedInclude } = await import('../src/access/index.js')
 
-        const include = await buildAccessScopedInclude(
+        const { include } = await buildAccessScopedInclude(
           { posts: true },
           config.lists.User.fields,
           {
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ describe('Relationship Access Control', () => {
         // Test that buildAccessScopedInclude creates session-based where clause
         const { buildAccessScopedInclude } = await import('../src/access/index.js')
 
-        const include = await buildAccessScopedInclude(
+        const { include } = await buildAccessScopedInclude(
           { posts: true },
           config.lists.User.fields,
           {

package/tests/access.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, it, expect, vi } from 'vitest'
 import {
   checkAccess,
+  checkCreateAccess,
   mergeFilters,
   checkFieldAccess,
   filterReadableFields,
@@ -8,6 +9,7 @@ import {
   isBoolean,
   isPrismaFilter,
 } from '../src/access/index.js'
+import { InvalidCreateAccessResultError } from '../src/access/errors.js'
 import type { AccessControl, FieldAccess, AccessContext } from '../src/access/types.js'
 import { ValidationError } from '../src/hooks/index.js'
 
@@ -112,6 +114,87 @@ describe('Access Control', () => {
     })
   })
 
+  /**
+   * #1009: `checkAccess`'s `AccessControl` return type also admits a
+   * `PrismaFilter` — the shape `query`/`update`/`delete` legitimately use to
+   * scope which rows an operation may touch. `create` has no row to re-check
+   * a filter against, so `checkCreateAccess` (the evaluator both create paths
+   * share) must reject anything that isn't a strict boolean instead of
+   * silently treating it as an allow.
+   */
+  describe('checkCreateAccess', () => {
+    it('denies (returns false) when no access control is defined', async () => {
+      const result = await checkCreateAccess('Post', undefined, {
+        session: null,
+        context: mockContext,
+      })
+
+      expect(result).toBe(false)
+    })
+
+    it('returns true when access control allows', async () => {
+      const accessControl: AccessControl = vi.fn(async () => true)
+
+      const result = await checkCreateAccess('Post', accessControl, {
+        session: null,
+        context: mockContext,
+      })
+
+      expect(result).toBe(true)
+    })
+
+    it('returns false when access control denies', async () => {
+      const accessControl: AccessControl = vi.fn(async () => false)
+
+      const result = await checkCreateAccess('Post', accessControl, {
+        session: null,
+        context: mockContext,
+      })
+
+      expect(result).toBe(false)
+    })
+
+    it('throws InvalidCreateAccessResultError, naming the list, when access control returns a filter', async () => {
+      const accessControl: AccessControl = vi.fn(async () => ({ ownerId: { equals: 'u1' } }))
+
+      await expect(
+        checkCreateAccess('Post', accessControl, {
+          session: { userId: 'u1' },
+          context: mockContext,
+        }),
+      ).rejects.toThrow(InvalidCreateAccessResultError)
+
+      try {
+        await checkCreateAccess('Post', accessControl, {
+          session: { userId: 'u1' },
+          context: mockContext,
+        })
+        expect.unreachable()
+      } catch (err) {
+        expect(err).toBeInstanceOf(InvalidCreateAccessResultError)
+        expect((err as InvalidCreateAccessResultError).listKey).toBe('Post')
+        expect((err as Error).message).toContain('Post')
+        expect((err as Error).message).toContain('boolean')
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('throws InvalidCreateAccessResultError when access control returns undefined', async () => {
+      const accessControl = vi.fn(async () => undefined) as unknown as AccessControl
+
+      await expect(
+        checkCreateAccess('Post', accessControl, { session: null, context: mockContext }),
+      ).rejects.toThrow(InvalidCreateAccessResultError)
+    })
+
+    it('throws InvalidCreateAccessResultError when access control returns a string', async () => {
+      const accessControl = vi.fn(async () => 'nope') as unknown as AccessControl
+
+      await expect(
+        checkCreateAccess('Post', accessControl, { session: null, context: mockContext }),
+      ).rejects.toThrow(InvalidCreateAccessResultError)
+    })
+  })
+
   describe('mergeFilters', () => {
     it('should return null when access is denied', () => {
       const result = mergeFilters({ id: '123' }, false)