@opengeni/observability 0.3.0 → 0.4.2

package/dist/index.d.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-type AttributeValue = string | number | boolean | null | undefined;
-type Attributes = Record<string, AttributeValue>;
-type ObservabilitySettings = {
+export type AttributeValue = string | number | boolean | null | undefined;
+export type Attributes = Record<string, AttributeValue>;
+export type ObservabilitySettings = {
     serviceName: string;
     environment: string;
     deploymentRevision?: string | undefined;
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ type ObservabilitySettings = {
     observabilityOtlpEndpoint?: string | undefined;
     observabilityOtlpHeaders: string;
 };
-type ObservabilityOptions = {
+export type ObservabilityOptions = {
     component: string;
     now?: () => number;
     exporter?: (url: string, body: unknown, headers: Record<string, string>) => Promise<void>;
 };
-type Span = {
+export type Span = {
     traceId: string;
     spanId: string;
     end: (input?: {
@@ -22,9 +22,15 @@ type Span = {
         error?: unknown;
     }) => void;
 };
-type MetricLabels = Record<string, AttributeValue>;
-declare function createObservability(settings: ObservabilitySettings, options: ObservabilityOptions): Observability;
-declare class Observability {
+export type MetricLabels = Record<string, AttributeValue>;
+export type SandboxOperationMetricObservation = {
+    backend: string;
+    op: string;
+    outcome: "ok" | "failed";
+    durationMs: number;
+};
+export declare function createObservability(settings: ObservabilitySettings, options: ObservabilityOptions): Observability;
+export declare class Observability {
     private readonly settings;
     private readonly options;
     private readonly registry;
@@ -86,14 +92,24 @@ declare class Observability {
     private assertRegistration;
     private exportSpan;
 }
-type StartupDependencyRetryEvent = {
+/**
+ * Convert routed sandbox-provider observations into one bounded Prometheus
+ * contract shared by API-direct and worker-turn execution. Provider/session
+ * identifiers, commands, paths, and other request data can never become labels:
+ * a future backend or operation is deliberately collapsed to `unknown` until
+ * this allowlist is reviewed.
+ *
+ * The returned callback is fail-safe. Metrics must never change the provider
+ * operation's result; a registration/exporter error is counted best-effort and
+ * then swallowed at this telemetry boundary.
+ */
+export declare function sandboxOperationMetricObserver(observability: Observability): (observation: SandboxOperationMetricObservation) => void;
+export type StartupDependencyRetryEvent = {
     label: string;
     attempt: number;
     attempts: number;
     delayMs: number;
     error: unknown;
 };
-declare function logStartupDependencyRetry(observability: Observability, event: StartupDependencyRetryEvent): void;
-declare function parseHeaders(value: string): Record<string, string>;
-
-export { type AttributeValue, type Attributes, type MetricLabels, Observability, type ObservabilityOptions, type ObservabilitySettings, type Span, type StartupDependencyRetryEvent, createObservability, logStartupDependencyRetry, parseHeaders };
+export declare function logStartupDependencyRetry(observability: Observability, event: StartupDependencyRetryEvent): void;
+export declare function parseHeaders(value: string): Record<string, string>;

package/dist/index.js

@@ -1,13 +1,45 @@
 // src/index.ts
-import {
-  collectDefaultMetrics,
-  Counter,
-  Gauge,
-  Histogram,
-  Registry
-} from "prom-client";
+import { collectDefaultMetrics, Counter, Gauge, Histogram, Registry } from "prom-client";
+import { SandboxBackend } from "@opengeni/contracts";
 var httpHistogramBuckets = [5e-3, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10];
-var durationHistogramBuckets = [0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 30, 60, 120, 300, 900, 1800, 3600];
+var durationHistogramBuckets = [
+  0.01,
+  0.05,
+  0.1,
+  0.25,
+  0.5,
+  1,
+  2.5,
+  5,
+  10,
+  30,
+  60,
+  120,
+  300,
+  900,
+  1800,
+  3600
+];
+var SANDBOX_OPERATION_BACKENDS = /* @__PURE__ */ new Set([...SandboxBackend.options, "unprovisioned"]);
+var SANDBOX_OPERATION_NAMES = /* @__PURE__ */ new Set([
+  "desktopInput",
+  "screenshot",
+  "exec",
+  "execCommand",
+  "writeStdin",
+  "cancelExecCommand",
+  "readFile",
+  "writeFile",
+  "listDir",
+  "pathExists",
+  "viewImage",
+  "materializeEntry",
+  "editor.createFile",
+  "editor.updateFile",
+  "editor.deleteFile",
+  "resolveExposedPort",
+  "serializeSessionState"
+]);
 function createObservability(settings, options) {
   return new Observability(settings, options);
 }
@@ -40,8 +72,6 @@ var Observability = class {
       });
     }
   }
-  settings;
-  options;
   registry = new Registry();
   counters = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
   gauges = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
@@ -105,7 +135,8 @@ var Observability = class {
           return;
         }
         ended = true;
-        const errorAttributes = input.error ? errorToAttributes(input.error) : {};
+        const sanitizedError = input.error !== void 0 && input.error !== null ? sanitizeSpanError(input.error) : void 0;
+        const errorAttributes = sanitizedError ? errorToAttributes(sanitizedError) : {};
         this.exportSpan({
           traceId,
           spanId,
@@ -117,7 +148,7 @@ var Observability = class {
             ...input.attributes,
             ...errorAttributes
           },
-          error: input.error
+          ...sanitizedError ? { error: sanitizedError } : {}
         });
       }
     };
@@ -171,7 +202,11 @@ var Observability = class {
       return;
     }
     const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);
-    const counter = this.counter(input.name, input.help ?? `${input.name} counter.`, Object.keys(labels));
+    const counter = this.counter(
+      input.name,
+      input.help ?? `${input.name} counter.`,
+      Object.keys(labels)
+    );
     counter.inc(labels, input.amount ?? 1);
   }
   setGauge(input) {
@@ -261,33 +296,69 @@ var Observability = class {
     }
     const endpoint = `${this.settings.observabilityOtlpEndpoint.replace(/\/$/, "")}/v1/traces`;
     const body = {
-      resourceSpans: [{
-        resource: {
-          attributes: otlpAttributes(this.resourceAttributes)
-        },
-        scopeSpans: [{
-          scope: {
-            name: "@opengeni/observability",
-            version: "0.1.0"
+      resourceSpans: [
+        {
+          resource: {
+            attributes: otlpAttributes(this.resourceAttributes)
           },
-          spans: [{
-            traceId: span.traceId,
-            spanId: span.spanId,
-            name: span.name,
-            kind: 1,
-            startTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.startMs),
-            endTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.endMs),
-            attributes: otlpAttributes(span.attributes),
-            status: span.error ? { code: 2, message: errorMessage(span.error) } : { code: 1 }
-          }]
-        }]
-      }]
+          scopeSpans: [
+            {
+              scope: {
+                name: "@opengeni/observability",
+                version: "0.1.0"
+              },
+              spans: [
+                {
+                  traceId: span.traceId,
+                  spanId: span.spanId,
+                  name: span.name,
+                  kind: 1,
+                  startTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.startMs),
+                  endTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.endMs),
+                  attributes: otlpAttributes(span.attributes),
+                  status: span.error ? { code: 2, message: span.error.statusMessage } : { code: 1 }
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
     };
-    void this.exporter(endpoint, body, parseHeaders(this.settings.observabilityOtlpHeaders)).catch((error) => {
-      this.warn("OTLP span export failed", { error: errorMessage(error), endpoint });
-    });
+    void this.exporter(endpoint, body, parseHeaders(this.settings.observabilityOtlpHeaders)).catch(
+      (error) => {
+        this.warn("OTLP span export failed", { error: errorMessage(error), endpoint });
+      }
+    );
   }
 };
+function sandboxOperationMetricObserver(observability) {
+  return (observation) => {
+    const backend = SANDBOX_OPERATION_BACKENDS.has(observation.backend) ? observation.backend : "unknown";
+    const op = SANDBOX_OPERATION_NAMES.has(observation.op) ? observation.op : "unknown";
+    try {
+      observability.incrementCounter({
+        name: "opengeni_sandbox_operations_total",
+        help: "Physical routed sandbox provider operations by backend, operation, and outcome.",
+        labels: { backend, op, outcome: observation.outcome }
+      });
+      observability.observeHistogram({
+        name: "opengeni_sandbox_operation_duration_seconds",
+        help: "Physical routed sandbox provider-operation duration in seconds.",
+        labels: { backend, op },
+        value: Math.max(0, observation.durationMs) / 1e3
+      });
+    } catch {
+      try {
+        observability.incrementCounter({
+          name: "opengeni_observability_observer_errors_total",
+          help: "Observability observer failures isolated from product execution.",
+          labels: { observer: "sandbox_operation" }
+        });
+      } catch {
+      }
+    }
+  };
+}
 function logStartupDependencyRetry(observability, event) {
   const message = event.error instanceof Error ? event.error.message : String(event.error);
   observability.warn("Startup dependency connection failed; retrying", {
@@ -307,12 +378,29 @@ function buildVersion() {
   return process.env.OPENGENI_VERSION ?? process.env.npm_package_version ?? "dev";
 }
 function cleanAttributes(attributes) {
-  return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(attributes).filter(([, value]) => value !== void 0));
+  return Object.fromEntries(
+    Object.entries(attributes).filter(([, value]) => value !== void 0)
+  );
+}
+function sanitizeSpanError(error) {
+  const type = error instanceof Error && /^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_.-]{0,63}$/.test(error.name) ? error.name : "Error";
+  const statusCode = errorStatusCode(error);
+  return {
+    type,
+    ...statusCode === void 0 ? {} : { statusCode },
+    statusMessage: statusCode === void 0 ? "operation failed" : `HTTP ${statusCode}`
+  };
+}
+function errorStatusCode(error) {
+  if (typeof error !== "object" || error === null) return void 0;
+  const value = error.status;
+  const statusCode = Number.isInteger(value) && typeof value === "number" ? value : error.statusCode;
+  return Number.isInteger(statusCode) && typeof statusCode === "number" && statusCode >= 100 && statusCode <= 599 ? statusCode : void 0;
 }
 function errorToAttributes(error) {
   return {
-    "error.type": error instanceof Error ? error.name : "Error",
-    "error.message": errorMessage(error)
+    "error.type": error.type,
+    ...error.statusCode === void 0 ? {} : { "error.status_code": error.statusCode }
   };
 }
 function errorMessage(error) {
@@ -331,7 +419,12 @@ function otlpValue(value) {
   if (typeof value === "boolean") {
     return { boolValue: value };
   }
-  return { stringValue: value === null ? "" : value };
+  return { stringValue: value === null ? "" : boundedOtlpString(value) };
+}
+function boundedOtlpString(value) {
+  const bytes = new TextEncoder().encode(value);
+  if (bytes.byteLength <= 512) return value;
+  return `${new TextDecoder().decode(bytes.slice(0, 509))}\u2026`;
 }
 function millisToNanos(ms) {
   return String(BigInt(Math.round(ms)) * 1000000n);
@@ -370,6 +463,7 @@ export {
   Observability,
   createObservability,
   logStartupDependencyRetry,
-  parseHeaders
+  parseHeaders,
+  sandboxOperationMetricObserver
 };
 //# sourceMappingURL=index.js.map

package/dist/index.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"sources":["../src/index.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import {\n  collectDefaultMetrics,\n  Counter,\n  Gauge,\n  Histogram,\n  Registry,\n} from \"prom-client\";\n\nexport type AttributeValue = string | number | boolean | null | undefined;\nexport type Attributes = Record<string, AttributeValue>;\n\nexport type ObservabilitySettings = {\n  serviceName: string;\n  environment: string;\n  deploymentRevision?: string | undefined;\n  observabilityStructuredLogs: boolean;\n  observabilityMetricsEnabled: boolean;\n  observabilityOtlpEndpoint?: string | undefined;\n  observabilityOtlpHeaders: string;\n};\n\nexport type ObservabilityOptions = {\n  component: string;\n  now?: () => number;\n  exporter?: (url: string, body: unknown, headers: Record<string, string>) => Promise<void>;\n};\n\nexport type Span = {\n  traceId: string;\n  spanId: string;\n  end: (input?: { attributes?: Attributes; error?: unknown }) => void;\n};\n\nexport type MetricLabels = Record<string, AttributeValue>;\n\nconst httpHistogramBuckets = [0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10];\nconst durationHistogramBuckets = [0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 30, 60, 120, 300, 900, 1800, 3600];\n\nexport function createObservability(settings: ObservabilitySettings, options: ObservabilityOptions): Observability {\n  return new Observability(settings, options);\n}\n\ntype MetricRegistration = {\n  kind: \"counter\" | \"gauge\" | \"histogram\";\n  labelNames: string[];\n};\n\nexport class Observability {\n  private readonly registry = new Registry();\n  private readonly counters = new Map<string, Counter<string>>();\n  private readonly gauges = new Map<string, Gauge<string>>();\n  private readonly histograms = new Map<string, Histogram<string>>();\n  private readonly registrations = new Map<string, MetricRegistration>();\n  private readonly now: () => number;\n  private readonly exporter: (url: string, body: unknown, headers: Record<string, string>) => Promise<void>;\n  private readonly resourceAttributes: Attributes;\n\n  constructor(private readonly settings: ObservabilitySettings, private readonly options: ObservabilityOptions) {\n    this.now = options.now ?? Date.now;\n    this.exporter = options.exporter ?? defaultExporter;\n    this.resourceAttributes = {\n      \"service.name\": settings.serviceName,\n      \"deployment.environment\": settings.environment,\n      \"opengeni.component\": options.component,\n    };\n    this.registry.setDefaultLabels({\n      service: settings.serviceName,\n      environment: settings.environment,\n      component: options.component,\n    });\n    if (settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      collectDefaultMetrics({ register: this.registry, prefix: \"opengeni_\" });\n      this.setGauge({\n        name: \"opengeni_build_info\",\n        help: \"OpenGeni build information.\",\n        labels: {\n          version: buildVersion(),\n          revision: settings.deploymentRevision ?? \"dev\",\n        },\n        value: 1,\n      });\n    }\n  }\n\n  debug(message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {\n    this.log(\"debug\", message, attributes);\n  }\n\n  info(message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {\n    this.log(\"info\", message, attributes);\n  }\n\n  warn(message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {\n    this.log(\"warn\", message, attributes);\n  }\n\n  error(message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {\n    this.log(\"error\", message, attributes);\n  }\n\n  log(level: \"debug\" | \"info\" | \"warn\" | \"error\", message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityStructuredLogs) {\n      const line = attributes.error ? `${message}: ${String(attributes.error)}` : message;\n      if (level === \"warn\") {\n        console.warn(line);\n      } else if (level === \"error\") {\n        console.error(line);\n      } else {\n        console.log(line);\n      }\n      return;\n    }\n    const record = {\n      timestamp: new Date(this.now()).toISOString(),\n      level,\n      message,\n      service: this.settings.serviceName,\n      environment: this.settings.environment,\n      component: this.options.component,\n      ...cleanAttributes(attributes),\n    };\n    const serialized = JSON.stringify(record);\n    if (level === \"warn\") {\n      console.warn(serialized);\n    } else if (level === \"error\") {\n      console.error(serialized);\n    } else {\n      console.log(serialized);\n    }\n  }\n\n  startSpan(name: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): Span {\n    const traceId = randomHex(16);\n    const spanId = randomHex(8);\n    const startMs = this.now();\n    let ended = false;\n    return {\n      traceId,\n      spanId,\n      end: (input = {}) => {\n        if (ended) {\n          return;\n        }\n        ended = true;\n        const errorAttributes = input.error ? errorToAttributes(input.error) : {};\n        this.exportSpan({\n          traceId,\n          spanId,\n          name,\n          startMs,\n          endMs: this.now(),\n          attributes: {\n            ...attributes,\n            ...input.attributes,\n            ...errorAttributes,\n          },\n          error: input.error,\n        });\n      },\n    };\n  }\n\n  recordHttpRequest(input: { method: string; route: string; status: number; durationSeconds: number }): void {\n    this.incrementCounter({\n      name: \"opengeni_http_requests_total\",\n      help: \"Total HTTP requests handled by OpenGeni.\",\n      labels: {\n        method: input.method,\n        route: input.route,\n        status: String(input.status),\n        component: this.options.component,\n      },\n    });\n    this.observeHistogram({\n      name: \"opengeni_http_request_duration_seconds\",\n      help: \"HTTP request duration in seconds.\",\n      buckets: httpHistogramBuckets,\n      value: input.durationSeconds,\n      labels: {\n        method: input.method,\n        route: input.route,\n        component: this.options.component,\n      },\n    });\n  }\n\n  recordWorkerActivity(input: { activity: string; status: string; durationSeconds: number }): void {\n    this.incrementCounter({\n      name: \"opengeni_worker_activity_runs_total\",\n      help: \"Total worker activity executions.\",\n      labels: {\n        activity: input.activity,\n        status: input.status,\n        component: this.options.component,\n      },\n    });\n    this.observeHistogram({\n      name: \"opengeni_worker_activity_duration_seconds\",\n      help: \"Worker activity duration in seconds.\",\n      buckets: durationHistogramBuckets,\n      value: input.durationSeconds,\n      labels: {\n        activity: input.activity,\n        component: this.options.component,\n      },\n    });\n  }\n\n  incrementCounter(input: { name: string; help?: string; labels?: MetricLabels; amount?: number }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);\n    const counter = this.counter(input.name, input.help ?? `${input.name} counter.`, Object.keys(labels));\n    counter.inc(labels as never, input.amount ?? 1);\n  }\n\n  setGauge(input: { name: string; help?: string; labels?: MetricLabels; value: number }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);\n    const gauge = this.gauge(input.name, input.help ?? `${input.name} gauge.`, Object.keys(labels));\n    gauge.set(labels as never, input.value);\n  }\n\n  incrementGauge(input: { name: string; help?: string; labels?: MetricLabels; amount?: number }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);\n    const gauge = this.gauge(input.name, input.help ?? `${input.name} gauge.`, Object.keys(labels));\n    gauge.inc(labels as never, input.amount ?? 1);\n  }\n\n  observeHistogram(input: { name: string; help?: string; labels?: MetricLabels; value: number; buckets?: number[] }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);\n    const histogram = this.histogram(\n      input.name,\n      input.help ?? `${input.name} histogram.`,\n      Object.keys(labels),\n      input.buckets ?? durationHistogramBuckets,\n    );\n    histogram.observe(labels as never, input.value);\n  }\n\n  async prometheusMetrics(): Promise<string> {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return \"\";\n    }\n    return await this.registry.metrics();\n  }\n\n  private counter(name: string, help: string, labelNames: string[]): Counter<string> {\n    const existing = this.counters.get(name);\n    if (existing) {\n      this.assertRegistration(name, \"counter\", labelNames);\n      return existing;\n    }\n    this.register(name, \"counter\", labelNames);\n    const metric = new Counter({ name, help, labelNames, registers: [this.registry] });\n    this.counters.set(name, metric);\n    return metric;\n  }\n\n  private gauge(name: string, help: string, labelNames: string[]): Gauge<string> {\n    const existing = this.gauges.get(name);\n    if (existing) {\n      this.assertRegistration(name, \"gauge\", labelNames);\n      return existing;\n    }\n    this.register(name, \"gauge\", labelNames);\n    const metric = new Gauge({ name, help, labelNames, registers: [this.registry] });\n    this.gauges.set(name, metric);\n    return metric;\n  }\n\n  private histogram(name: string, help: string, labelNames: string[], buckets: number[]): Histogram<string> {\n    const existing = this.histograms.get(name);\n    if (existing) {\n      this.assertRegistration(name, \"histogram\", labelNames);\n      return existing;\n    }\n    this.register(name, \"histogram\", labelNames);\n    const metric = new Histogram({ name, help, labelNames, buckets, registers: [this.registry] });\n    this.histograms.set(name, metric);\n    return metric;\n  }\n\n  private register(name: string, kind: MetricRegistration[\"kind\"], labelNames: string[]): void {\n    const sorted = [...labelNames].sort();\n    this.registrations.set(name, { kind, labelNames: sorted });\n  }\n\n  private assertRegistration(name: string, kind: MetricRegistration[\"kind\"], labelNames: string[]): void {\n    const registration = this.registrations.get(name);\n    const sorted = [...labelNames].sort();\n    if (\n      !registration\n      || registration.kind !== kind\n      || registration.labelNames.length !== sorted.length\n      || registration.labelNames.some((label, index) => label !== sorted[index])\n    ) {\n      throw new Error(\n        `Metric ${name} was already registered as ${registration?.kind ?? \"unknown\"} `\n        + `with labels [${registration?.labelNames.join(\",\") ?? \"\"}], not ${kind} [${sorted.join(\",\")}]`,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  private exportSpan(span: {\n    traceId: string;\n    spanId: string;\n    name: string;\n    startMs: number;\n    endMs: number;\n    attributes: Attributes;\n    error?: unknown;\n  }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityOtlpEndpoint) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const endpoint = `${this.settings.observabilityOtlpEndpoint.replace(/\\/$/, \"\")}/v1/traces`;\n    const body = {\n      resourceSpans: [{\n        resource: {\n          attributes: otlpAttributes(this.resourceAttributes),\n        },\n        scopeSpans: [{\n          scope: {\n            name: \"@opengeni/observability\",\n            version: \"0.1.0\",\n          },\n          spans: [{\n            traceId: span.traceId,\n            spanId: span.spanId,\n            name: span.name,\n            kind: 1,\n            startTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.startMs),\n            endTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.endMs),\n            attributes: otlpAttributes(span.attributes),\n            status: span.error ? { code: 2, message: errorMessage(span.error) } : { code: 1 },\n          }],\n        }],\n      }],\n    };\n    void this.exporter(endpoint, body, parseHeaders(this.settings.observabilityOtlpHeaders)).catch((error) => {\n      this.warn(\"OTLP span export failed\", { error: errorMessage(error), endpoint });\n    });\n  }\n}\n\nexport type StartupDependencyRetryEvent = {\n  label: string;\n  attempt: number;\n  attempts: number;\n  delayMs: number;\n  error: unknown;\n};\n\nexport function logStartupDependencyRetry(observability: Observability, event: StartupDependencyRetryEvent): void {\n  const message = event.error instanceof Error ? event.error.message : String(event.error);\n  observability.warn(\"Startup dependency connection failed; retrying\", {\n    dependency: event.label,\n    attempt: event.attempt,\n    attempts: event.attempts,\n    delayMs: event.delayMs,\n    error: message,\n  });\n}\n\nfunction normalizeLabels(labels: MetricLabels = {}): Record<string, string> {\n  return Object.fromEntries(\n    Object.entries(labels)\n      .filter(([, value]) => value !== undefined && value !== null)\n      .map(([key, value]): [string, string] => [key, String(value)])\n      .sort((left, right) => left[0].localeCompare(right[0])),\n  );\n}\n\nfunction buildVersion(): string {\n  return process.env.OPENGENI_VERSION\n    ?? process.env.npm_package_version\n    ?? \"dev\";\n}\n\nfunction cleanAttributes(attributes: Attributes): Record<string, string | number | boolean | null> {\n  return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(attributes).filter(([, value]) => value !== undefined)) as Record<string, string | number | boolean | null>;\n}\n\nfunction errorToAttributes(error: unknown): Attributes {\n  return {\n    \"error.type\": error instanceof Error ? error.name : \"Error\",\n    \"error.message\": errorMessage(error),\n  };\n}\n\nfunction errorMessage(error: unknown): string {\n  return error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);\n}\n\nfunction otlpAttributes(attributes: Attributes): Array<{ key: string; value: Record<string, string | number | boolean> }> {\n  return 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Date.now;\n    this.exporter = options.exporter ?? defaultExporter;\n    this.resourceAttributes = {\n      \"service.name\": settings.serviceName,\n      \"deployment.environment\": settings.environment,\n      \"opengeni.component\": options.component,\n    };\n    this.registry.setDefaultLabels({\n      service: settings.serviceName,\n      environment: settings.environment,\n      component: options.component,\n    });\n    if (settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      collectDefaultMetrics({ register: this.registry, prefix: \"opengeni_\" });\n      this.setGauge({\n        name: \"opengeni_build_info\",\n        help: \"OpenGeni build information.\",\n        labels: {\n          version: buildVersion(),\n          revision: settings.deploymentRevision ?? \"dev\",\n        },\n        value: 1,\n      });\n    }\n  }\n\n  debug(message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {\n    this.log(\"debug\", message, attributes);\n  }\n\n  info(message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {\n    this.log(\"info\", message, attributes);\n  }\n\n  warn(message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {\n    this.log(\"warn\", message, attributes);\n  }\n\n  error(message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {\n    this.log(\"error\", message, attributes);\n  }\n\n  log(\n    level: \"debug\" | \"info\" | \"warn\" | \"error\",\n    message: string,\n    attributes: Attributes = {},\n  ): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityStructuredLogs) {\n      const line = attributes.error ? `${message}: ${String(attributes.error)}` : message;\n      if (level === \"warn\") {\n        console.warn(line);\n      } else if (level === \"error\") {\n        console.error(line);\n      } else {\n        console.log(line);\n      }\n      return;\n    }\n    const record = {\n      timestamp: new Date(this.now()).toISOString(),\n      level,\n      message,\n      service: this.settings.serviceName,\n      environment: this.settings.environment,\n      component: this.options.component,\n      ...cleanAttributes(attributes),\n    };\n    const serialized = JSON.stringify(record);\n    if (level === \"warn\") {\n      console.warn(serialized);\n    } else if (level === \"error\") {\n      console.error(serialized);\n    } else {\n      console.log(serialized);\n    }\n  }\n\n  startSpan(name: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): Span {\n    const traceId = randomHex(16);\n    const spanId = randomHex(8);\n    const startMs = this.now();\n    let ended = false;\n    return {\n      traceId,\n      spanId,\n      end: (input = {}) => {\n        if (ended) {\n          return;\n        }\n        ended = true;\n        const sanitizedError =\n          input.error !== undefined && input.error !== null\n            ? sanitizeSpanError(input.error)\n            : undefined;\n        const errorAttributes = sanitizedError ? errorToAttributes(sanitizedError) : {};\n        this.exportSpan({\n          traceId,\n          spanId,\n          name,\n          startMs,\n          endMs: this.now(),\n          attributes: {\n            ...attributes,\n            ...input.attributes,\n            ...errorAttributes,\n          },\n          ...(sanitizedError ? { error: sanitizedError } : {}),\n        });\n      },\n    };\n  }\n\n  recordHttpRequest(input: {\n    method: string;\n    route: string;\n    status: number;\n    durationSeconds: number;\n  }): void {\n    this.incrementCounter({\n      name: \"opengeni_http_requests_total\",\n      help: \"Total HTTP requests handled by OpenGeni.\",\n      labels: {\n        method: input.method,\n        route: input.route,\n        status: String(input.status),\n        component: this.options.component,\n      },\n    });\n    this.observeHistogram({\n      name: \"opengeni_http_request_duration_seconds\",\n      help: \"HTTP request duration in seconds.\",\n      buckets: httpHistogramBuckets,\n      value: input.durationSeconds,\n      labels: {\n        method: input.method,\n        route: input.route,\n        component: this.options.component,\n      },\n    });\n  }\n\n  recordWorkerActivity(input: { activity: string; status: string; durationSeconds: number }): void {\n    this.incrementCounter({\n      name: \"opengeni_worker_activity_runs_total\",\n      help: \"Total worker activity executions.\",\n      labels: {\n        activity: input.activity,\n        status: input.status,\n        component: this.options.component,\n      },\n    });\n    this.observeHistogram({\n      name: \"opengeni_worker_activity_duration_seconds\",\n      help: \"Worker activity duration in seconds.\",\n      buckets: durationHistogramBuckets,\n      value: input.durationSeconds,\n      labels: {\n        activity: input.activity,\n        component: this.options.component,\n      },\n    });\n  }\n\n  incrementCounter(input: {\n    name: string;\n    help?: string;\n    labels?: MetricLabels;\n    amount?: number;\n  }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);\n    const counter = this.counter(\n      input.name,\n      input.help ?? `${input.name} counter.`,\n      Object.keys(labels),\n    );\n    counter.inc(labels as never, input.amount ?? 1);\n  }\n\n  setGauge(input: { name: string; help?: string; labels?: MetricLabels; value: number }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);\n    const gauge = this.gauge(input.name, input.help ?? `${input.name} gauge.`, Object.keys(labels));\n    gauge.set(labels as never, input.value);\n  }\n\n  incrementGauge(input: {\n    name: string;\n    help?: string;\n    labels?: MetricLabels;\n    amount?: number;\n  }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);\n    const gauge = this.gauge(input.name, input.help ?? `${input.name} gauge.`, Object.keys(labels));\n    gauge.inc(labels as never, input.amount ?? 1);\n  }\n\n  observeHistogram(input: {\n    name: string;\n    help?: string;\n    labels?: MetricLabels;\n    value: number;\n    buckets?: number[];\n  }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);\n    const histogram = this.histogram(\n      input.name,\n      input.help ?? `${input.name} histogram.`,\n      Object.keys(labels),\n      input.buckets ?? durationHistogramBuckets,\n    );\n    histogram.observe(labels as never, input.value);\n  }\n\n  async prometheusMetrics(): Promise<string> {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {\n      return \"\";\n    }\n    return await this.registry.metrics();\n  }\n\n  private counter(name: string, help: string, labelNames: string[]): Counter<string> {\n    const existing = this.counters.get(name);\n    if (existing) {\n      this.assertRegistration(name, \"counter\", labelNames);\n      return existing;\n    }\n    this.register(name, \"counter\", labelNames);\n    const metric = new Counter({ name, help, labelNames, registers: [this.registry] });\n    this.counters.set(name, metric);\n    return metric;\n  }\n\n  private gauge(name: string, help: string, labelNames: string[]): Gauge<string> {\n    const existing = this.gauges.get(name);\n    if (existing) {\n      this.assertRegistration(name, \"gauge\", labelNames);\n      return existing;\n    }\n    this.register(name, \"gauge\", labelNames);\n    const metric = new Gauge({ name, help, labelNames, registers: [this.registry] });\n    this.gauges.set(name, metric);\n    return metric;\n  }\n\n  private histogram(\n    name: string,\n    help: string,\n    labelNames: string[],\n    buckets: number[],\n  ): Histogram<string> {\n    const existing = this.histograms.get(name);\n    if (existing) {\n      this.assertRegistration(name, \"histogram\", labelNames);\n      return existing;\n    }\n    this.register(name, \"histogram\", labelNames);\n    const metric = new Histogram({ name, help, labelNames, buckets, registers: [this.registry] });\n    this.histograms.set(name, metric);\n    return metric;\n  }\n\n  private register(name: string, kind: MetricRegistration[\"kind\"], labelNames: string[]): void {\n    const sorted = [...labelNames].sort();\n    this.registrations.set(name, { kind, labelNames: sorted });\n  }\n\n  private assertRegistration(\n    name: string,\n    kind: MetricRegistration[\"kind\"],\n    labelNames: string[],\n  ): void {\n    const registration = this.registrations.get(name);\n    const sorted = [...labelNames].sort();\n    if (\n      !registration ||\n      registration.kind !== kind ||\n      registration.labelNames.length !== sorted.length ||\n      registration.labelNames.some((label, index) => label !== sorted[index])\n    ) {\n      throw new Error(\n        `Metric ${name} was already registered as ${registration?.kind ?? \"unknown\"} ` +\n          `with labels [${registration?.labelNames.join(\",\") ?? \"\"}], not ${kind} [${sorted.join(\",\")}]`,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  private exportSpan(span: {\n    traceId: string;\n    spanId: string;\n    name: string;\n    startMs: number;\n    endMs: number;\n    attributes: Attributes;\n    error?: SanitizedSpanError;\n  }): void {\n    if (!this.settings.observabilityOtlpEndpoint) {\n      return;\n    }\n    const endpoint = `${this.settings.observabilityOtlpEndpoint.replace(/\\/$/, \"\")}/v1/traces`;\n    const body = {\n      resourceSpans: [\n        {\n          resource: {\n            attributes: otlpAttributes(this.resourceAttributes),\n          },\n          scopeSpans: [\n            {\n              scope: {\n                name: \"@opengeni/observability\",\n                version: \"0.1.0\",\n              },\n              spans: [\n                {\n                  traceId: span.traceId,\n                  spanId: span.spanId,\n                  name: span.name,\n                  kind: 1,\n                  startTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.startMs),\n                  endTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.endMs),\n                  attributes: otlpAttributes(span.attributes),\n                  status: span.error ? { code: 2, message: span.error.statusMessage } : { code: 1 },\n                },\n              ],\n            },\n          ],\n        },\n      ],\n    };\n    void this.exporter(endpoint, body, parseHeaders(this.settings.observabilityOtlpHeaders)).catch(\n      (error) => {\n        this.warn(\"OTLP span export failed\", { error: errorMessage(error), endpoint });\n      },\n    );\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Convert routed sandbox-provider observations into one bounded Prometheus\n * contract shared by API-direct and worker-turn execution. Provider/session\n * identifiers, commands, paths, and other request data can never become labels:\n * a future backend or operation is deliberately collapsed to `unknown` until\n * this allowlist is reviewed.\n *\n * The returned callback is fail-safe. Metrics must never change the provider\n * operation's result; a registration/exporter error is counted best-effort and\n * then swallowed at this telemetry boundary.\n */\nexport function sandboxOperationMetricObserver(\n  observability: Observability,\n): (observation: SandboxOperationMetricObservation) => void {\n  return (observation) => {\n    const backend = SANDBOX_OPERATION_BACKENDS.has(observation.backend)\n      ? observation.backend\n      : \"unknown\";\n    const op = SANDBOX_OPERATION_NAMES.has(observation.op) ? observation.op : \"unknown\";\n    try {\n      observability.incrementCounter({\n        name: \"opengeni_sandbox_operations_total\",\n        help: \"Physical routed sandbox provider operations by backend, operation, and outcome.\",\n        labels: { backend, op, outcome: observation.outcome },\n      });\n      observability.observeHistogram({\n        name: \"opengeni_sandbox_operation_duration_seconds\",\n        help: \"Physical routed sandbox provider-operation duration in seconds.\",\n        labels: { backend, op },\n        value: Math.max(0, observation.durationMs) / 1_000,\n      });\n    } catch {\n      try {\n        observability.incrementCounter({\n          name: \"opengeni_observability_observer_errors_total\",\n          help: \"Observability observer failures isolated from product execution.\",\n          labels: { observer: \"sandbox_operation\" },\n        });\n      } catch {\n        // The metrics registry itself is unhealthy. Product execution remains\n        // authoritative and must not inherit an observability failure.\n      }\n    }\n  };\n}\n\nexport type StartupDependencyRetryEvent = {\n  label: string;\n  attempt: number;\n  attempts: number;\n  delayMs: number;\n  error: unknown;\n};\n\nexport function logStartupDependencyRetry(\n  observability: Observability,\n  event: StartupDependencyRetryEvent,\n): void {\n  const message = event.error instanceof Error ? event.error.message : String(event.error);\n  observability.warn(\"Startup dependency connection failed; retrying\", {\n    dependency: event.label,\n    attempt: event.attempt,\n    attempts: event.attempts,\n    delayMs: event.delayMs,\n    error: message,\n  });\n}\n\nfunction normalizeLabels(labels: MetricLabels = {}): Record<string, string> {\n  return Object.fromEntries(\n    Object.entries(labels)\n      .filter(([, value]) => value !== undefined && value !== null)\n      .map(([key, value]): [string, string] => [key, String(value)])\n 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package/package.json

@@ -1,8 +1,17 @@
 {
   "name": "@opengeni/observability",
-  "version": "0.3.0",
-  "type": "module",
+  "version": "0.4.2",
   "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/Cloudgeni-ai/opengeni.git",
+    "directory": "packages/observability"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "dist",
+    "src"
+  ],
+  "type": "module",
   "main": "./dist/index.js",
   "module": "./dist/index.js",
   "types": "./dist/index.d.ts",
@@ -12,25 +21,17 @@
       "import": "./dist/index.js"
     }
   },
-  "files": [
-    "dist",
-    "src"
-  ],
   "publishConfig": {
     "access": "public",
     "provenance": true
   },
   "scripts": {
-    "build": "tsup",
+    "build": "bun ../../scripts/build-typescript-package.ts",
     "typecheck": "tsc --noEmit",
     "prepublishOnly": "bash ../../scripts/prepublish-guard"
   },
-  "repository": {
-    "type": "git",
-    "url": "git+https://github.com/Cloudgeni-ai/opengeni.git",
-    "directory": "packages/observability"
-  },
   "dependencies": {
+    "@opengeni/contracts": "^0.30.0",
     "prom-client": "^15.1.3"
   }
 }

package/src/index.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
-import {
-  collectDefaultMetrics,
-  Counter,
-  Gauge,
-  Histogram,
-  Registry,
-} from "prom-client";
+import { collectDefaultMetrics, Counter, Gauge, Histogram, Registry } from "prom-client";
+import { SandboxBackend } from "@opengeni/contracts";
 
 export type AttributeValue = string | number | boolean | null | undefined;
 export type Attributes = Record<string, AttributeValue>;
@@ -34,9 +29,43 @@ export type Span = {
 export type MetricLabels = Record<string, AttributeValue>;
 
 const httpHistogramBuckets = [0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10];
-const durationHistogramBuckets = [0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 30, 60, 120, 300, 900, 1800, 3600];
+const durationHistogramBuckets = [
+  0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 30, 60, 120, 300, 900, 1800, 3600,
+];
+
+const SANDBOX_OPERATION_BACKENDS = new Set<string>([...SandboxBackend.options, "unprovisioned"]);
+
+const SANDBOX_OPERATION_NAMES = new Set([
+  "desktopInput",
+  "screenshot",
+  "exec",
+  "execCommand",
+  "writeStdin",
+  "cancelExecCommand",
+  "readFile",
+  "writeFile",
+  "listDir",
+  "pathExists",
+  "viewImage",
+  "materializeEntry",
+  "editor.createFile",
+  "editor.updateFile",
+  "editor.deleteFile",
+  "resolveExposedPort",
+  "serializeSessionState",
+]);
+
+export type SandboxOperationMetricObservation = {
+  backend: string;
+  op: string;
+  outcome: "ok" | "failed";
+  durationMs: number;
+};
 
-export function createObservability(settings: ObservabilitySettings, options: ObservabilityOptions): Observability {
+export function createObservability(
+  settings: ObservabilitySettings,
+  options: ObservabilityOptions,
+): Observability {
   return new Observability(settings, options);
 }
 
@@ -52,10 +81,17 @@ export class Observability {
   private readonly histograms = new Map<string, Histogram<string>>();
   private readonly registrations = new Map<string, MetricRegistration>();
   private readonly now: () => number;
-  private readonly exporter: (url: string, body: unknown, headers: Record<string, string>) => Promise<void>;
+  private readonly exporter: (
+    url: string,
+    body: unknown,
+    headers: Record<string, string>,
+  ) => Promise<void>;
   private readonly resourceAttributes: Attributes;
 
-  constructor(private readonly settings: ObservabilitySettings, private readonly options: ObservabilityOptions) {
+  constructor(
+    private readonly settings: ObservabilitySettings,
+    private readonly options: ObservabilityOptions,
+  ) {
     this.now = options.now ?? Date.now;
     this.exporter = options.exporter ?? defaultExporter;
     this.resourceAttributes = {
@@ -98,7 +134,11 @@ export class Observability {
     this.log("error", message, attributes);
   }
 
-  log(level: "debug" | "info" | "warn" | "error", message: string, attributes: Attributes = {}): void {
+  log(
+    level: "debug" | "info" | "warn" | "error",
+    message: string,
+    attributes: Attributes = {},
+  ): void {
     if (!this.settings.observabilityStructuredLogs) {
       const line = attributes.error ? `${message}: ${String(attributes.error)}` : message;
       if (level === "warn") {
@@ -142,7 +182,11 @@ export class Observability {
           return;
         }
         ended = true;
-        const errorAttributes = input.error ? errorToAttributes(input.error) : {};
+        const sanitizedError =
+          input.error !== undefined && input.error !== null
+            ? sanitizeSpanError(input.error)
+            : undefined;
+        const errorAttributes = sanitizedError ? errorToAttributes(sanitizedError) : {};
         this.exportSpan({
           traceId,
           spanId,
@@ -154,13 +198,18 @@ export class Observability {
             ...input.attributes,
             ...errorAttributes,
           },
-          error: input.error,
+          ...(sanitizedError ? { error: sanitizedError } : {}),
         });
       },
     };
   }
 
-  recordHttpRequest(input: { method: string; route: string; status: number; durationSeconds: number }): void {
+  recordHttpRequest(input: {
+    method: string;
+    route: string;
+    status: number;
+    durationSeconds: number;
+  }): void {
     this.incrementCounter({
       name: "opengeni_http_requests_total",
       help: "Total HTTP requests handled by OpenGeni.",
@@ -206,12 +255,21 @@ export class Observability {
     });
   }
 
-  incrementCounter(input: { name: string; help?: string; labels?: MetricLabels; amount?: number }): void {
+  incrementCounter(input: {
+    name: string;
+    help?: string;
+    labels?: MetricLabels;
+    amount?: number;
+  }): void {
     if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {
       return;
     }
     const labels = normalizeLabels(input.labels);
-    const counter = this.counter(input.name, input.help ?? `${input.name} counter.`, Object.keys(labels));
+    const counter = this.counter(
+      input.name,
+      input.help ?? `${input.name} counter.`,
+      Object.keys(labels),
+    );
     counter.inc(labels as never, input.amount ?? 1);
   }
 
@@ -224,7 +282,12 @@ export class Observability {
     gauge.set(labels as never, input.value);
   }
 
-  incrementGauge(input: { name: string; help?: string; labels?: MetricLabels; amount?: number }): void {
+  incrementGauge(input: {
+    name: string;
+    help?: string;
+    labels?: MetricLabels;
+    amount?: number;
+  }): void {
     if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {
       return;
     }
@@ -233,7 +296,13 @@ export class Observability {
     gauge.inc(labels as never, input.amount ?? 1);
   }
 
-  observeHistogram(input: { name: string; help?: string; labels?: MetricLabels; value: number; buckets?: number[] }): void {
+  observeHistogram(input: {
+    name: string;
+    help?: string;
+    labels?: MetricLabels;
+    value: number;
+    buckets?: number[];
+  }): void {
     if (!this.settings.observabilityMetricsEnabled) {
       return;
     }
@@ -278,7 +347,12 @@ export class Observability {
     return metric;
   }
 
-  private histogram(name: string, help: string, labelNames: string[], buckets: number[]): Histogram<string> {
+  private histogram(
+    name: string,
+    help: string,
+    labelNames: string[],
+    buckets: number[],
+  ): Histogram<string> {
     const existing = this.histograms.get(name);
     if (existing) {
       this.assertRegistration(name, "histogram", labelNames);
@@ -295,18 +369,22 @@ export class Observability {
     this.registrations.set(name, { kind, labelNames: sorted });
   }
 
-  private assertRegistration(name: string, kind: MetricRegistration["kind"], labelNames: string[]): void {
+  private assertRegistration(
+    name: string,
+    kind: MetricRegistration["kind"],
+    labelNames: string[],
+  ): void {
     const registration = this.registrations.get(name);
     const sorted = [...labelNames].sort();
     if (
-      !registration
-      || registration.kind !== kind
-      || registration.labelNames.length !== sorted.length
-      || registration.labelNames.some((label, index) => label !== sorted[index])
+      !registration ||
+      registration.kind !== kind ||
+      registration.labelNames.length !== sorted.length ||
+      registration.labelNames.some((label, index) => label !== sorted[index])
     ) {
       throw new Error(
-        `Metric ${name} was already registered as ${registration?.kind ?? "unknown"} `
-        + `with labels [${registration?.labelNames.join(",") ?? ""}], not ${kind} [${sorted.join(",")}]`,
+        `Metric ${name} was already registered as ${registration?.kind ?? "unknown"} ` +
+          `with labels [${registration?.labelNames.join(",") ?? ""}], not ${kind} [${sorted.join(",")}]`,
       );
     }
   }
@@ -318,41 +396,95 @@ export class Observability {
     startMs: number;
     endMs: number;
     attributes: Attributes;
-    error?: unknown;
+    error?: SanitizedSpanError;
   }): void {
     if (!this.settings.observabilityOtlpEndpoint) {
       return;
     }
     const endpoint = `${this.settings.observabilityOtlpEndpoint.replace(/\/$/, "")}/v1/traces`;
     const body = {
-      resourceSpans: [{
-        resource: {
-          attributes: otlpAttributes(this.resourceAttributes),
-        },
-        scopeSpans: [{
-          scope: {
-            name: "@opengeni/observability",
-            version: "0.1.0",
+      resourceSpans: [
+        {
+          resource: {
+            attributes: otlpAttributes(this.resourceAttributes),
           },
-          spans: [{
-            traceId: span.traceId,
-            spanId: span.spanId,
-            name: span.name,
-            kind: 1,
-            startTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.startMs),
-            endTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.endMs),
-            attributes: otlpAttributes(span.attributes),
-            status: span.error ? { code: 2, message: errorMessage(span.error) } : { code: 1 },
-          }],
-        }],
-      }],
+          scopeSpans: [
+            {
+              scope: {
+                name: "@opengeni/observability",
+                version: "0.1.0",
+              },
+              spans: [
+                {
+                  traceId: span.traceId,
+                  spanId: span.spanId,
+                  name: span.name,
+                  kind: 1,
+                  startTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.startMs),
+                  endTimeUnixNano: millisToNanos(span.endMs),
+                  attributes: otlpAttributes(span.attributes),
+                  status: span.error ? { code: 2, message: span.error.statusMessage } : { code: 1 },
+                },
+              ],
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      ],
     };
-    void this.exporter(endpoint, body, parseHeaders(this.settings.observabilityOtlpHeaders)).catch((error) => {
-      this.warn("OTLP span export failed", { error: errorMessage(error), endpoint });
-    });
+    void this.exporter(endpoint, body, parseHeaders(this.settings.observabilityOtlpHeaders)).catch(
+      (error) => {
+        this.warn("OTLP span export failed", { error: errorMessage(error), endpoint });
+      },
+    );
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Convert routed sandbox-provider observations into one bounded Prometheus
+ * contract shared by API-direct and worker-turn execution. Provider/session
+ * identifiers, commands, paths, and other request data can never become labels:
+ * a future backend or operation is deliberately collapsed to `unknown` until
+ * this allowlist is reviewed.
+ *
+ * The returned callback is fail-safe. Metrics must never change the provider
+ * operation's result; a registration/exporter error is counted best-effort and
+ * then swallowed at this telemetry boundary.
+ */
+export function sandboxOperationMetricObserver(
+  observability: Observability,
+): (observation: SandboxOperationMetricObservation) => void {
+  return (observation) => {
+    const backend = SANDBOX_OPERATION_BACKENDS.has(observation.backend)
+      ? observation.backend
+      : "unknown";
+    const op = SANDBOX_OPERATION_NAMES.has(observation.op) ? observation.op : "unknown";
+    try {
+      observability.incrementCounter({
+        name: "opengeni_sandbox_operations_total",
+        help: "Physical routed sandbox provider operations by backend, operation, and outcome.",
+        labels: { backend, op, outcome: observation.outcome },
+      });
+      observability.observeHistogram({
+        name: "opengeni_sandbox_operation_duration_seconds",
+        help: "Physical routed sandbox provider-operation duration in seconds.",
+        labels: { backend, op },
+        value: Math.max(0, observation.durationMs) / 1_000,
+      });
+    } catch {
+      try {
+        observability.incrementCounter({
+          name: "opengeni_observability_observer_errors_total",
+          help: "Observability observer failures isolated from product execution.",
+          labels: { observer: "sandbox_operation" },
+        });
+      } catch {
+        // The metrics registry itself is unhealthy. Product execution remains
+        // authoritative and must not inherit an observability failure.
+      }
+    }
+  };
+}
+
 export type StartupDependencyRetryEvent = {
   label: string;
   attempt: number;
@@ -361,7 +493,10 @@ export type StartupDependencyRetryEvent = {
   error: unknown;
 };
 
-export function logStartupDependencyRetry(observability: Observability, event: StartupDependencyRetryEvent): void {
+export function logStartupDependencyRetry(
+  observability: Observability,
+  event: StartupDependencyRetryEvent,
+): void {
   const message = event.error instanceof Error ? event.error.message : String(event.error);
   observability.warn("Startup dependency connection failed; retrying", {
     dependency: event.label,
@@ -382,19 +517,53 @@ function normalizeLabels(labels: MetricLabels = {}): Record<string, string> {
 }
 
 function buildVersion(): string {
-  return process.env.OPENGENI_VERSION
-    ?? process.env.npm_package_version
-    ?? "dev";
+  return process.env.OPENGENI_VERSION ?? process.env.npm_package_version ?? "dev";
 }
 
 function cleanAttributes(attributes: Attributes): Record<string, string | number | boolean | null> {
-  return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(attributes).filter(([, value]) => value !== undefined)) as Record<string, string | number | boolean | null>;
+  return Object.fromEntries(
+    Object.entries(attributes).filter(([, value]) => value !== undefined),
+  ) as Record<string, string | number | boolean | null>;
+}
+
+type SanitizedSpanError = {
+  type: string;
+  statusCode?: number;
+  statusMessage: string;
+};
+
+function sanitizeSpanError(error: unknown): SanitizedSpanError {
+  const type =
+    error instanceof Error && /^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_.-]{0,63}$/.test(error.name)
+      ? error.name
+      : "Error";
+  const statusCode = errorStatusCode(error);
+  return {
+    type,
+    ...(statusCode === undefined ? {} : { statusCode }),
+    statusMessage: statusCode === undefined ? "operation failed" : `HTTP ${statusCode}`,
+  };
+}
+
+function errorStatusCode(error: unknown): number | undefined {
+  if (typeof error !== "object" || error === null) return undefined;
+  const value = (error as { status?: unknown; statusCode?: unknown }).status;
+  const statusCode =
+    Number.isInteger(value) && typeof value === "number"
+      ? value
+      : (error as { statusCode?: unknown }).statusCode;
+  return Number.isInteger(statusCode) &&
+    typeof statusCode === "number" &&
+    statusCode >= 100 &&
+    statusCode <= 599
+    ? statusCode
+    : undefined;
 }
 
-function errorToAttributes(error: unknown): Attributes {
+function errorToAttributes(error: SanitizedSpanError): Attributes {
   return {
-    "error.type": error instanceof Error ? error.name : "Error",
-    "error.message": errorMessage(error),
+    "error.type": error.type,
+    ...(error.statusCode === undefined ? {} : { "error.status_code": error.statusCode }),
   };
 }
 
@@ -402,21 +571,31 @@ function errorMessage(error: unknown): string {
   return error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
 }
 
-function otlpAttributes(attributes: Attributes): Array<{ key: string; value: Record<string, string | number | boolean> }> {
+function otlpAttributes(
+  attributes: Attributes,
+): Array<{ key: string; value: Record<string, string | number | boolean> }> {
   return Object.entries(cleanAttributes(attributes)).map(([key, value]) => ({
     key,
     value: otlpValue(value),
   }));
 }
 
-function otlpValue(value: string | number | boolean | null): Record<string, string | number | boolean> {
+function otlpValue(
+  value: string | number | boolean | null,
+): Record<string, string | number | boolean> {
   if (typeof value === "number") {
     return Number.isInteger(value) ? { intValue: value } : { doubleValue: value };
   }
   if (typeof value === "boolean") {
     return { boolValue: value };
   }
-  return { stringValue: value === null ? "" : value };
+  return { stringValue: value === null ? "" : boundedOtlpString(value) };
+}
+
+function boundedOtlpString(value: string): string {
+  const bytes = new TextEncoder().encode(value);
+  if (bytes.byteLength <= 512) return value;
+  return `${new TextDecoder().decode(bytes.slice(0, 509))}…`;
 }
 
 function millisToNanos(ms: number): string {
@@ -432,17 +611,24 @@ export function parseHeaders(value: string): Record<string, string> {
   if (!value.trim()) {
     return {};
   }
-  const entries: Array<[string, string]> = value.split(",").map((pair): [string, string] => {
-    const separator = pair.indexOf("=");
-    if (separator === -1) {
-      return [pair.trim(), ""];
-    }
-    return [pair.slice(0, separator).trim(), pair.slice(separator + 1).trim()];
-  }).filter(([key]) => key.length > 0);
+  const entries: Array<[string, string]> = value
+    .split(",")
+    .map((pair): [string, string] => {
+      const separator = pair.indexOf("=");
+      if (separator === -1) {
+        return [pair.trim(), ""];
+      }
+      return [pair.slice(0, separator).trim(), pair.slice(separator + 1).trim()];
+    })
+    .filter(([key]) => key.length > 0);
   return Object.fromEntries(entries);
 }
 
-async function defaultExporter(url: string, body: unknown, headers: Record<string, string>): Promise<void> {
+async function defaultExporter(
+  url: string,
+  body: unknown,
+  headers: Record<string, string>,
+): Promise<void> {
   const response = await fetch(url, {
     method: "POST",
     headers: {