@openclaw/nostr 2026.5.20 → 2026.5.22

package/node_modules/@noble/curves/src/bls12-381.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,775 @@
+/**
+ * bls12-381 is pairing-friendly Barreto-Lynn-Scott elliptic curve construction allowing to:
+
+* Construct zk-SNARKs at the ~120-bit security, as per [Barbulescu-Duquesne 2017](https://hal.science/hal-01534101/file/main.pdf)
+* Efficiently verify N aggregate signatures with 1 pairing and N ec additions:
+the Boneh-Lynn-Shacham signature scheme is orders of magnitude more efficient than Schnorr
+
+BLS can mean 2 different things:
+
+* Barreto-Lynn-Scott: BLS12, a Pairing Friendly Elliptic Curve
+* Boneh-Lynn-Shacham: A Signature Scheme.
+
+### Summary
+
+1. BLS Relies on expensive bilinear pairing
+2. Secret Keys: 32 bytes
+3. Public Keys: 48 OR 96 bytes - big-endian x coordinate of point on G1 OR G2 curve
+4. Signatures: 96 OR 48 bytes - big-endian x coordinate of point on G2 OR G1 curve
+5. The 12 stands for the Embedding degree.
+
+Modes of operation:
+
+* Long signatures:  48-byte keys + 96-byte sigs (G1 keys + G2 sigs).
+* Short signatures: 96-byte keys + 48-byte sigs (G2 keys + G1 sigs).
+
+### Formulas
+
+- `P = pk x G` - public keys
+- `S = pk x H(m)` - signing, uses hash-to-curve on m
+- `e(P, H(m)) == e(G, S)` - verification using pairings
+- `e(G, S) = e(G, SUM(n)(Si)) = MUL(n)(e(G, Si))` - signature aggregation
+
+### Curves
+
+G1 is ordinary elliptic curve. G2 is extension field curve, think "over complex numbers".
+
+- G1: y² = x³ + 4
+- G2: y² = x³ + 4(u + 1) where u = √−1; r-order subgroup of E'(Fp²), M-type twist
+
+### Towers
+
+Pairing G1 + G2 produces element in Fp₁₂, 12-degree polynomial.
+Fp₁₂ is usually implemented using tower of lower-degree polynomials for speed.
+
+- Fp₁₂ = Fp₆² => Fp₂³
+- Fp(u) / (u² - β) where β = -1
+- Fp₂(v) / (v³ - ξ) where ξ = u + 1
+- Fp₆(w) / (w² - γ) where γ = v
+- Fp²[u] = Fp/u²+1
+- Fp⁶[v] = Fp²/v³-1-u
+- Fp¹²[w] = Fp⁶/w²-v
+
+### Params
+
+* Embedding degree (k): 12
+* Seed is sometimes named x or t
+* t = -15132376222941642752
+* p = (t-1)² * (t⁴-t²+1)/3 + t
+* r = t⁴-t²+1
+* Ate loop size: X
+
+To verify curve parameters, see
+[pairing-friendly-curves spec](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-pairing-friendly-curves-11).
+Basic math is done over finite fields over p.
+More complicated math is done over polynominal extension fields.
+
+### Compatibility and notes
+1. It is compatible with Algorand, Chia, Dfinity, Ethereum, Filecoin, ZEC.
+Filecoin uses little endian byte arrays for secret keys - make sure to reverse byte order.
+2. Make sure to correctly select mode: "long signature" or "short signature".
+3. Compatible with specs:
+   RFC 9380,
+   [cfrg-pairing-friendly-curves-11](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-pairing-friendly-curves-11),
+   [cfrg-bls-signature-05](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-irtf-cfrg-bls-signature/).
+
+ *
+ * @module
+ */
+/*! noble-curves - MIT License (c) 2022 Paul Miller (paulmillr.com) */
+import { sha256 } from '@noble/hashes/sha2.js';
+import { bls, type BlsCurvePairWithSignatures } from './abstract/bls.ts';
+import { Field, type IField } from './abstract/modular.ts';
+import {
+  abytes,
+  bitLen,
+  bitMask,
+  bytesToHex,
+  bytesToNumberBE,
+  concatBytes,
+  copyBytes,
+  hexToBytes,
+  numberToBytesBE,
+  randomBytes,
+} from './utils.ts';
+// Types
+import { isogenyMap } from './abstract/hash-to-curve.ts';
+import type { BigintTuple, Fp, Fp12, Fp2, Fp6 } from './abstract/tower.ts';
+import { psiFrobenius, tower12 } from './abstract/tower.ts';
+import {
+  mapToCurveSimpleSWU,
+  weierstrass,
+  type AffinePoint,
+  type WeierstrassOpts,
+  type WeierstrassPoint,
+  type WeierstrassPointCons,
+} from './abstract/weierstrass.ts';
+
+// Be friendly to bad ECMAScript parsers by not using bigint literals
+// prettier-ignore
+const _0n = BigInt(0), _1n = BigInt(1), _2n = BigInt(2), _3n = BigInt(3), _4n = BigInt(4);
+
+// To verify math:
+// https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-irtf-cfrg-pairing-friendly-curves-11
+
+// The BLS parameter x (seed) for BLS12-381. NOTE: it is negative!
+// x = -2^63 - 2^62 - 2^60 - 2^57 - 2^48 - 2^16
+const BLS_X = BigInt('0xd201000000010000');
+// t = x (called differently in different places)
+// const t = -BLS_X;
+const BLS_X_LEN = bitLen(BLS_X);
+
+// a=0, b=4
+// P is characteristic of field Fp, in which curve calculations are done.
+// p = (t-1)² * (t⁴-t²+1)/3 + t
+// bls12_381_Fp = (t-1n)**2n * (t**4n - t**2n + 1n) / 3n + t
+// r*h is curve order, amount of points on curve,
+// where r is order of prime subgroup and h is cofactor.
+// r = t⁴-t²+1
+// r = (t**4n - t**2n + 1n)
+// cofactor h of G1: (t - 1)²/3
+// cofactorG1 = (t-1n)**2n/3n
+// x = 3685416753713387016781088315183077757961620795782546409894578378688607592378376318836054947676345821548104185464507
+// y = 1339506544944476473020471379941921221584933875938349620426543736416511423956333506472724655353366534992391756441569
+const bls12_381_CURVE_G1: WeierstrassOpts<bigint> = {
+  p: BigInt(
+    '0x1a0111ea397fe69a4b1ba7b6434bacd764774b84f38512bf6730d2a0f6b0f6241eabfffeb153ffffb9feffffffffaaab'
+  ),
+  n: BigInt('0x73eda753299d7d483339d80809a1d80553bda402fffe5bfeffffffff00000001'),
+  h: BigInt('0x396c8c005555e1568c00aaab0000aaab'),
+  a: _0n,
+  b: _4n,
+  Gx: BigInt(
+    '0x17f1d3a73197d7942695638c4fa9ac0fc3688c4f9774b905a14e3a3f171bac586c55e83ff97a1aeffb3af00adb22c6bb'
+  ),
+  Gy: BigInt(
+    '0x08b3f481e3aaa0f1a09e30ed741d8ae4fcf5e095d5d00af600db18cb2c04b3edd03cc744a2888ae40caa232946c5e7e1'
+  ),
+};
+
+// CURVE FIELDS
+// r = z⁴ − z² + 1; CURVE.n from other curves
+/** bls12-381 Fr (Fn) field. Note: does mod() on fromBytes, due to modFromBytes option. */
+export const bls12_381_Fr: IField<bigint> = Field(bls12_381_CURVE_G1.n, {
+  modFromBytes: true,
+});
+const { Fp, Fp2, Fp6, Fp12 } = tower12({
+  ORDER: bls12_381_CURVE_G1.p,
+  X_LEN: BLS_X_LEN,
+  // Finite extension field over irreducible polynominal.
+  // Fp(u) / (u² - β) where β = -1
+  FP2_NONRESIDUE: [_1n, _1n],
+  Fp2mulByB: ({ c0, c1 }) => {
+    const t0 = Fp.mul(c0, _4n); // 4 * c0
+    const t1 = Fp.mul(c1, _4n); // 4 * c1
+    // (T0-T1) + (T0+T1)*i
+    return { c0: Fp.sub(t0, t1), c1: Fp.add(t0, t1) };
+  },
+  Fp12finalExponentiate: (num) => {
+    const x = BLS_X;
+    // this^(q⁶) / this
+    const t0 = Fp12.div(Fp12.frobeniusMap(num, 6), num);
+    // t0^(q²) * t0
+    const t1 = Fp12.mul(Fp12.frobeniusMap(t0, 2), t0);
+    const t2 = Fp12.conjugate(Fp12._cyclotomicExp(t1, x));
+    const t3 = Fp12.mul(Fp12.conjugate(Fp12._cyclotomicSquare(t1)), t2);
+    const t4 = Fp12.conjugate(Fp12._cyclotomicExp(t3, x));
+    const t5 = Fp12.conjugate(Fp12._cyclotomicExp(t4, x));
+    const t6 = Fp12.mul(Fp12.conjugate(Fp12._cyclotomicExp(t5, x)), Fp12._cyclotomicSquare(t2));
+    const t7 = Fp12.conjugate(Fp12._cyclotomicExp(t6, x));
+    const t2_t5_pow_q2 = Fp12.frobeniusMap(Fp12.mul(t2, t5), 2);
+    const t4_t1_pow_q3 = Fp12.frobeniusMap(Fp12.mul(t4, t1), 3);
+    const t6_t1c_pow_q1 = Fp12.frobeniusMap(Fp12.mul(t6, Fp12.conjugate(t1)), 1);
+    const t7_t3c_t1 = Fp12.mul(Fp12.mul(t7, Fp12.conjugate(t3)), t1);
+    // (t2 * t5)^(q²) * (t4 * t1)^(q³) * (t6 * t1.conj)^(q^1) * t7 * t3.conj * t1
+    return Fp12.mul(Fp12.mul(Fp12.mul(t2_t5_pow_q2, t4_t1_pow_q3), t6_t1c_pow_q1), t7_t3c_t1);
+  },
+});
+
+// GLV endomorphism Ψ(P), for fast cofactor clearing
+const { G2psi, G2psi2 } = psiFrobenius(Fp, Fp2, Fp2.div(Fp2.ONE, Fp2.NONRESIDUE)); // 1/(u+1)
+
+/**
+ * Default hash_to_field / hash-to-curve for BLS.
+ * m: 1 for G1, 2 for G2
+ * k: target security level in bits
+ * hash: any function, e.g. BBS+ uses BLAKE2: see [github](https://github.com/hyperledger/aries-framework-go/issues/2247).
+ * Parameter values come from [section 8.8.2 of RFC 9380](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9380#section-8.8.2).
+ */
+const hasher_opts = Object.freeze({
+  DST: 'BLS_SIG_BLS12381G2_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_RO_NUL_',
+  encodeDST: 'BLS_SIG_BLS12381G2_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_RO_NUL_',
+  p: Fp.ORDER,
+  m: 2,
+  k: 128,
+  expand: 'xmd',
+  hash: sha256,
+});
+
+// a=0, b=4
+// cofactor h of G2
+// (t^8 - 4t^7 + 5t^6 - 4t^4 + 6t^3 - 4t^2 - 4t + 13)/9
+// cofactorG2 = (t**8n - 4n*t**7n + 5n*t**6n - 4n*t**4n + 6n*t**3n - 4n*t**2n - 4n*t+13n)/9n
+// x = 3059144344244213709971259814753781636986470325476647558659373206291635324768958432433509563104347017837885763365758*u + 352701069587466618187139116011060144890029952792775240219908644239793785735715026873347600343865175952761926303160
+// y = 927553665492332455747201965776037880757740193453592970025027978793976877002675564980949289727957565575433344219582*u + 1985150602287291935568054521177171638300868978215655730859378665066344726373823718423869104263333984641494340347905
+const bls12_381_CURVE_G2 = {
+  p: Fp2.ORDER,
+  n: bls12_381_CURVE_G1.n,
+  h: BigInt(
+    '0x5d543a95414e7f1091d50792876a202cd91de4547085abaa68a205b2e5a7ddfa628f1cb4d9e82ef21537e293a6691ae1616ec6e786f0c70cf1c38e31c7238e5'
+  ),
+  a: Fp2.ZERO,
+  b: Fp2.fromBigTuple([_4n, _4n]),
+  Gx: Fp2.fromBigTuple([
+    BigInt(
+      '0x024aa2b2f08f0a91260805272dc51051c6e47ad4fa403b02b4510b647ae3d1770bac0326a805bbefd48056c8c121bdb8'
+    ),
+    BigInt(
+      '0x13e02b6052719f607dacd3a088274f65596bd0d09920b61ab5da61bbdc7f5049334cf11213945d57e5ac7d055d042b7e'
+    ),
+  ]),
+  Gy: Fp2.fromBigTuple([
+    BigInt(
+      '0x0ce5d527727d6e118cc9cdc6da2e351aadfd9baa8cbdd3a76d429a695160d12c923ac9cc3baca289e193548608b82801'
+    ),
+    BigInt(
+      '0x0606c4a02ea734cc32acd2b02bc28b99cb3e287e85a763af267492ab572e99ab3f370d275cec1da1aaa9075ff05f79be'
+    ),
+  ]),
+};
+
+// Encoding utils
+// Compressed point of infinity
+// Set compressed & point-at-infinity bits
+const COMPZERO = setMask(Fp.toBytes(_0n), { infinity: true, compressed: true });
+
+function parseMask(bytes: Uint8Array) {
+  // Copy, so we can remove mask data.
+  // It will be removed also later, when Fp.create will call modulo.
+  bytes = copyBytes(bytes);
+  const mask = bytes[0] & 0b1110_0000;
+  const compressed = !!((mask >> 7) & 1); // compression bit (0b1000_0000)
+  const infinity = !!((mask >> 6) & 1); // point at infinity bit (0b0100_0000)
+  const sort = !!((mask >> 5) & 1); // sort bit (0b0010_0000)
+  bytes[0] &= 0b0001_1111; // clear mask (zero first 3 bits)
+  return { compressed, infinity, sort, value: bytes };
+}
+
+function setMask(
+  bytes: Uint8Array,
+  mask: { compressed?: boolean; infinity?: boolean; sort?: boolean }
+) {
+  if (bytes[0] & 0b1110_0000) throw new Error('setMask: non-empty mask');
+  if (mask.compressed) bytes[0] |= 0b1000_0000;
+  if (mask.infinity) bytes[0] |= 0b0100_0000;
+  if (mask.sort) bytes[0] |= 0b0010_0000;
+  return bytes;
+}
+
+function pointG1ToBytes(
+  _c: WeierstrassPointCons<Fp>,
+  point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp>,
+  isComp: boolean
+) {
+  const { BYTES: L, ORDER: P } = Fp;
+  const is0 = point.is0();
+  const { x, y } = point.toAffine();
+  if (isComp) {
+    if (is0) return COMPZERO.slice();
+    const sort = Boolean((y * _2n) / P);
+    return setMask(numberToBytesBE(x, L), { compressed: true, sort });
+  } else {
+    if (is0) {
+      return concatBytes(Uint8Array.of(0x40), new Uint8Array(2 * L - 1));
+    } else {
+      return concatBytes(numberToBytesBE(x, L), numberToBytesBE(y, L));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function signatureG1ToBytes(point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp>) {
+  point.assertValidity();
+  const { BYTES: L, ORDER: P } = Fp;
+  const { x, y } = point.toAffine();
+  if (point.is0()) return COMPZERO.slice();
+  const sort = Boolean((y * _2n) / P);
+  return setMask(numberToBytesBE(x, L), { compressed: true, sort });
+}
+
+function pointG1FromBytes(bytes: Uint8Array): AffinePoint<Fp> {
+  const { compressed, infinity, sort, value } = parseMask(bytes);
+  const { BYTES: L, ORDER: P } = Fp;
+  if (value.length === 48 && compressed) {
+    const compressedValue = bytesToNumberBE(value);
+    // Zero
+    const x = Fp.create(compressedValue & bitMask(Fp.BITS));
+    if (infinity) {
+      if (x !== _0n) throw new Error('invalid G1 point: non-empty, at infinity, with compression');
+      return { x: _0n, y: _0n };
+    }
+    const right = Fp.add(Fp.pow(x, _3n), Fp.create(bls12_381_CURVE_G1.b)); // y² = x³ + b
+    let y = Fp.sqrt(right);
+    if (!y) throw new Error('invalid G1 point: compressed point');
+    if ((y * _2n) / P !== BigInt(sort)) y = Fp.neg(y);
+    return { x: Fp.create(x), y: Fp.create(y) };
+  } else if (value.length === 96 && !compressed) {
+    // Check if the infinity flag is set
+    const x = bytesToNumberBE(value.subarray(0, L));
+    const y = bytesToNumberBE(value.subarray(L));
+    if (infinity) {
+      if (x !== _0n || y !== _0n) throw new Error('G1: non-empty point at infinity');
+      return bls12_381.G1.Point.ZERO.toAffine();
+    }
+    return { x: Fp.create(x), y: Fp.create(y) };
+  } else {
+    throw new Error('invalid G1 point: expected 48/96 bytes');
+  }
+}
+
+function signatureG1FromBytes(bytes: Uint8Array): WeierstrassPoint<Fp> {
+  const { infinity, sort, value } = parseMask(abytes(bytes, 48, 'signature'));
+  const P = Fp.ORDER;
+  const Point = bls12_381.G1.Point;
+  const compressedValue = bytesToNumberBE(value);
+  // Zero
+  if (infinity) return Point.ZERO;
+  const x = Fp.create(compressedValue & bitMask(Fp.BITS));
+  const right = Fp.add(Fp.pow(x, _3n), Fp.create(bls12_381_CURVE_G1.b)); // y² = x³ + b
+  let y = Fp.sqrt(right);
+  if (!y) throw new Error('invalid G1 point: compressed');
+  const aflag = BigInt(sort);
+  if ((y * _2n) / P !== aflag) y = Fp.neg(y);
+  const point = Point.fromAffine({ x, y });
+  point.assertValidity();
+  return point;
+}
+
+function pointG2ToBytes(
+  _c: WeierstrassPointCons<Fp2>,
+  point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp2>,
+  isComp: boolean
+) {
+  const { BYTES: L, ORDER: P } = Fp;
+  const is0 = point.is0();
+  const { x, y } = point.toAffine();
+  if (isComp) {
+    if (is0) return concatBytes(COMPZERO, numberToBytesBE(_0n, L));
+    const flag = Boolean(y.c1 === _0n ? (y.c0 * _2n) / P : (y.c1 * _2n) / P);
+    return concatBytes(
+      setMask(numberToBytesBE(x.c1, L), { compressed: true, sort: flag }),
+      numberToBytesBE(x.c0, L)
+    );
+  } else {
+    if (is0) return concatBytes(Uint8Array.of(0x40), new Uint8Array(4 * L - 1));
+    const { re: x0, im: x1 } = Fp2.reim(x);
+    const { re: y0, im: y1 } = Fp2.reim(y);
+    return concatBytes(
+      numberToBytesBE(x1, L),
+      numberToBytesBE(x0, L),
+      numberToBytesBE(y1, L),
+      numberToBytesBE(y0, L)
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+function signatureG2ToBytes(point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp2>) {
+  point.assertValidity();
+  const { BYTES: L } = Fp;
+  if (point.is0()) return concatBytes(COMPZERO, numberToBytesBE(_0n, L));
+  const { x, y } = point.toAffine();
+  const { re: x0, im: x1 } = Fp2.reim(x);
+  const { re: y0, im: y1 } = Fp2.reim(y);
+  const tmp = y1 > _0n ? y1 * _2n : y0 * _2n;
+  const sort = Boolean((tmp / Fp.ORDER) & _1n);
+  const z2 = x0;
+  return concatBytes(
+    setMask(numberToBytesBE(x1, L), { sort, compressed: true }),
+    numberToBytesBE(z2, L)
+  );
+}
+
+function pointG2FromBytes(bytes: Uint8Array): AffinePoint<Fp2> {
+  const { BYTES: L, ORDER: P } = Fp;
+  const { compressed, infinity, sort, value } = parseMask(bytes);
+  if (
+    (!compressed && !infinity && sort) || // 00100000
+    (!compressed && infinity && sort) || // 01100000
+    (sort && infinity && compressed) // 11100000
+  ) {
+    throw new Error('invalid encoding flag: ' + (bytes[0] & 0b1110_0000));
+  }
+  const slc = (b: Uint8Array, from: number, to?: number) => bytesToNumberBE(b.slice(from, to));
+  if (value.length === 96 && compressed) {
+    if (infinity) {
+      // check that all bytes are 0
+      if (value.reduce((p, c) => (p !== 0 ? c + 1 : c), 0) > 0) {
+        throw new Error('invalid G2 point: compressed');
+      }
+      return { x: Fp2.ZERO, y: Fp2.ZERO };
+    }
+    const x_1 = slc(value, 0, L);
+    const x_0 = slc(value, L, 2 * L);
+    const x = Fp2.create({ c0: Fp.create(x_0), c1: Fp.create(x_1) });
+    const right = Fp2.add(Fp2.pow(x, _3n), bls12_381_CURVE_G2.b); // y² = x³ + 4 * (u+1) = x³ + b
+    let y = Fp2.sqrt(right);
+    const Y_bit = y.c1 === _0n ? (y.c0 * _2n) / P : (y.c1 * _2n) / P ? _1n : _0n;
+    y = sort && Y_bit > 0 ? y : Fp2.neg(y);
+    return { x, y };
+  } else if (value.length === 192 && !compressed) {
+    if (infinity) {
+      if (value.reduce((p, c) => (p !== 0 ? c + 1 : c), 0) > 0) {
+        throw new Error('invalid G2 point: uncompressed');
+      }
+      return { x: Fp2.ZERO, y: Fp2.ZERO };
+    }
+    const x1 = slc(value, 0 * L, 1 * L);
+    const x0 = slc(value, 1 * L, 2 * L);
+    const y1 = slc(value, 2 * L, 3 * L);
+    const y0 = slc(value, 3 * L, 4 * L);
+    return { x: Fp2.fromBigTuple([x0, x1]), y: Fp2.fromBigTuple([y0, y1]) };
+  } else {
+    throw new Error('invalid G2 point: expected 96/192 bytes');
+  }
+}
+
+function signatureG2FromBytes(bytes: Uint8Array) {
+  const { ORDER: P } = Fp;
+  // TODO: Optimize, it's very slow because of sqrt.
+  const { infinity, sort, value } = parseMask(abytes(bytes));
+  const Point = bls12_381.G2.Point;
+  const half = value.length / 2;
+  if (half !== 48 && half !== 96)
+    throw new Error('invalid compressed signature length, expected 96/192 bytes');
+  const z1 = bytesToNumberBE(value.slice(0, half));
+  const z2 = bytesToNumberBE(value.slice(half));
+  // Indicates the infinity point
+  if (infinity) return Point.ZERO;
+  const x1 = Fp.create(z1 & bitMask(Fp.BITS));
+  const x2 = Fp.create(z2);
+  const x = Fp2.create({ c0: x2, c1: x1 });
+  const y2 = Fp2.add(Fp2.pow(x, _3n), bls12_381_CURVE_G2.b); // y² = x³ + 4
+  // The slow part
+  let y = Fp2.sqrt(y2);
+  if (!y) throw new Error('Failed to find a square root');
+
+  // Choose the y whose leftmost bit of the imaginary part is equal to the a_flag1
+  // If y1 happens to be zero, then use the bit of y0
+  const { re: y0, im: y1 } = Fp2.reim(y);
+  const aflag1 = BigInt(sort);
+  const isGreater = y1 > _0n && (y1 * _2n) / P !== aflag1;
+  const is0 = y1 === _0n && (y0 * _2n) / P !== aflag1;
+  if (isGreater || is0) y = Fp2.neg(y);
+  const point = Point.fromAffine({ x, y });
+  point.assertValidity();
+  return point;
+}
+
+const signatureCoders = {
+  ShortSignature: {
+    fromBytes(bytes: Uint8Array) {
+      return signatureG1FromBytes(abytes(bytes));
+    },
+    fromHex(hex: string): WeierstrassPoint<Fp> {
+      return signatureG1FromBytes(hexToBytes(hex));
+    },
+    toBytes(point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp>) {
+      return signatureG1ToBytes(point);
+    },
+    toRawBytes(point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp>) {
+      return signatureG1ToBytes(point);
+    },
+    toHex(point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp>) {
+      return bytesToHex(signatureG1ToBytes(point));
+    },
+  },
+  LongSignature: {
+    fromBytes(bytes: Uint8Array): WeierstrassPoint<Fp2> {
+      return signatureG2FromBytes(abytes(bytes));
+    },
+    fromHex(hex: string): WeierstrassPoint<Fp2> {
+      return signatureG2FromBytes(hexToBytes(hex));
+    },
+    toBytes(point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp2>) {
+      return signatureG2ToBytes(point);
+    },
+    toRawBytes(point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp2>) {
+      return signatureG2ToBytes(point);
+    },
+    toHex(point: WeierstrassPoint<Fp2>) {
+      return bytesToHex(signatureG2ToBytes(point));
+    },
+  },
+};
+
+const fields = {
+  Fp,
+  Fp2,
+  Fp6,
+  Fp12,
+  Fr: bls12_381_Fr,
+};
+const G1_Point = weierstrass(bls12_381_CURVE_G1, {
+  allowInfinityPoint: true,
+  Fn: bls12_381_Fr,
+  fromBytes: pointG1FromBytes,
+  toBytes: pointG1ToBytes,
+  // Checks is the point resides in prime-order subgroup.
+  // point.isTorsionFree() should return true for valid points
+  // It returns false for shitty points.
+  // https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/1130.pdf
+  isTorsionFree: (c, point): boolean => {
+    // GLV endomorphism ψ(P)
+    const beta = BigInt(
+      '0x5f19672fdf76ce51ba69c6076a0f77eaddb3a93be6f89688de17d813620a00022e01fffffffefffe'
+    );
+    const phi = new c(Fp.mul(point.X, beta), point.Y, point.Z);
+    // TODO: unroll
+    const xP = point.multiplyUnsafe(BLS_X).negate(); // [x]P
+    const u2P = xP.multiplyUnsafe(BLS_X); // [u2]P
+    return u2P.equals(phi);
+  },
+  // Clear cofactor of G1
+  // https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/403
+  clearCofactor: (_c, point) => {
+    // return this.multiplyUnsafe(CURVE.h);
+    return point.multiplyUnsafe(BLS_X).add(point); // x*P + P
+  },
+});
+const G2_Point = weierstrass(bls12_381_CURVE_G2, {
+  Fp: Fp2,
+  allowInfinityPoint: true,
+  Fn: bls12_381_Fr,
+  fromBytes: pointG2FromBytes,
+  toBytes: pointG2ToBytes,
+  // https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/1130.pdf
+  // Older version: https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/814.pdf
+  isTorsionFree: (c, P): boolean => {
+    return P.multiplyUnsafe(BLS_X).negate().equals(G2psi(c, P)); // ψ(P) == [u](P)
+  },
+  // clear_cofactor_bls12381_g2 from RFC 9380.
+  // https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/419.pdf
+  // prettier-ignore
+  clearCofactor: (c, P) => {
+    const x = BLS_X;
+    let t1 = P.multiplyUnsafe(x).negate();  // [-x]P
+    let t2 = G2psi(c, P);                   // Ψ(P)
+    let t3 = P.double();                    // 2P
+    t3 = G2psi2(c, t3);                     // Ψ²(2P)
+    t3 = t3.subtract(t2);                   // Ψ²(2P) - Ψ(P)
+    t2 = t1.add(t2);                        // [-x]P + Ψ(P)
+    t2 = t2.multiplyUnsafe(x).negate();     // [x²]P - [x]Ψ(P)
+    t3 = t3.add(t2);                        // Ψ²(2P) - Ψ(P) + [x²]P - [x]Ψ(P)
+    t3 = t3.subtract(t1);                   // Ψ²(2P) - Ψ(P) + [x²]P - [x]Ψ(P) + [x]P
+    const Q = t3.subtract(P);               // Ψ²(2P) - Ψ(P) + [x²]P - [x]Ψ(P) + [x]P - 1P
+    return Q;                               // [x²-x-1]P + [x-1]Ψ(P) + Ψ²(2P)
+  },
+});
+
+const bls12_hasher_opts = {
+  mapToG1: mapToG1,
+  mapToG2: mapToG2,
+  hasherOpts: hasher_opts,
+  hasherOptsG1: { ...hasher_opts, m: 1, DST: 'BLS_SIG_BLS12381G1_XMD:SHA-256_SSWU_RO_NUL_' },
+  hasherOptsG2: { ...hasher_opts },
+} as const;
+
+const bls12_params = {
+  ateLoopSize: BLS_X, // The BLS parameter x for BLS12-381
+  xNegative: true,
+  twistType: 'multiplicative' as const,
+  randomBytes: randomBytes,
+};
+
+/**
+ * bls12-381 pairing-friendly curve construction.
+ * Provides both longSignatures and shortSignatures.
+ */
+export const bls12_381: BlsCurvePairWithSignatures = bls(
+  fields,
+  G1_Point,
+  G2_Point,
+  bls12_params,
+  bls12_hasher_opts,
+  signatureCoders
+);
+
+// 3-isogeny map from E' to E https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9380#appendix-E.3
+const isogenyMapG2 = isogenyMap(
+  Fp2,
+  [
+    // xNum
+    [
+      [
+        '0x5c759507e8e333ebb5b7a9a47d7ed8532c52d39fd3a042a88b58423c50ae15d5c2638e343d9c71c6238aaaaaaaa97d6',
+        '0x5c759507e8e333ebb5b7a9a47d7ed8532c52d39fd3a042a88b58423c50ae15d5c2638e343d9c71c6238aaaaaaaa97d6',
+      ],
+      [
+        '0x0',
+        '0x11560bf17baa99bc32126fced787c88f984f87adf7ae0c7f9a208c6b4f20a4181472aaa9cb8d555526a9ffffffffc71a',
+      ],
+      [
+        '0x11560bf17baa99bc32126fced787c88f984f87adf7ae0c7f9a208c6b4f20a4181472aaa9cb8d555526a9ffffffffc71e',
+        '0x8ab05f8bdd54cde190937e76bc3e447cc27c3d6fbd7063fcd104635a790520c0a395554e5c6aaaa9354ffffffffe38d',
+      ],
+      [
+        '0x171d6541fa38ccfaed6dea691f5fb614cb14b4e7f4e810aa22d6108f142b85757098e38d0f671c7188e2aaaaaaaa5ed1',
+        '0x0',
+      ],
+    ],
+    // xDen
+    [
+      [
+        '0x0',
+        '0x1a0111ea397fe69a4b1ba7b6434bacd764774b84f38512bf6730d2a0f6b0f6241eabfffeb153ffffb9feffffffffaa63',
+      ],
+      [
+        '0xc',
+        '0x1a0111ea397fe69a4b1ba7b6434bacd764774b84f38512bf6730d2a0f6b0f6241eabfffeb153ffffb9feffffffffaa9f',
+      ],
+      ['0x1', '0x0'], // LAST 1
+    ],
+    // yNum
+    [
+      [
+        '0x1530477c7ab4113b59a4c18b076d11930f7da5d4a07f649bf54439d87d27e500fc8c25ebf8c92f6812cfc71c71c6d706',
+        '0x1530477c7ab4113b59a4c18b076d11930f7da5d4a07f649bf54439d87d27e500fc8c25ebf8c92f6812cfc71c71c6d706',
+      ],
+      [
+        '0x0',
+        '0x5c759507e8e333ebb5b7a9a47d7ed8532c52d39fd3a042a88b58423c50ae15d5c2638e343d9c71c6238aaaaaaaa97be',
+      ],
+      [
+        '0x11560bf17baa99bc32126fced787c88f984f87adf7ae0c7f9a208c6b4f20a4181472aaa9cb8d555526a9ffffffffc71c',
+        '0x8ab05f8bdd54cde190937e76bc3e447cc27c3d6fbd7063fcd104635a790520c0a395554e5c6aaaa9354ffffffffe38f',
+      ],
+      [
+        '0x124c9ad43b6cf79bfbf7043de3811ad0761b0f37a1e26286b0e977c69aa274524e79097a56dc4bd9e1b371c71c718b10',
+        '0x0',
+      ],
+    ],
+    // yDen
+    [
+      [
+        '0x1a0111ea397fe69a4b1ba7b6434bacd764774b84f38512bf6730d2a0f6b0f6241eabfffeb153ffffb9feffffffffa8fb',
+        '0x1a0111ea397fe69a4b1ba7b6434bacd764774b84f38512bf6730d2a0f6b0f6241eabfffeb153ffffb9feffffffffa8fb',
+      ],
+      [
+        '0x0',
+        '0x1a0111ea397fe69a4b1ba7b6434bacd764774b84f38512bf6730d2a0f6b0f6241eabfffeb153ffffb9feffffffffa9d3',
+      ],
+      [
+        '0x12',
+        '0x1a0111ea397fe69a4b1ba7b6434bacd764774b84f38512bf6730d2a0f6b0f6241eabfffeb153ffffb9feffffffffaa99',
+      ],
+      ['0x1', '0x0'], // LAST 1
+    ],
+  ].map((i) => i.map((pair) => Fp2.fromBigTuple(pair.map(BigInt) as BigintTuple))) as [
+    Fp2[],
+    Fp2[],
+    Fp2[],
+    Fp2[],
+  ]
+);
+// 11-isogeny map from E' to E
+const isogenyMapG1 = isogenyMap(
+  Fp,
+  [
+    // xNum
+    [
+      '0x11a05f2b1e833340b809101dd99815856b303e88a2d7005ff2627b56cdb4e2c85610c2d5f2e62d6eaeac1662734649b7',
+      '0x17294ed3e943ab2f0588bab22147a81c7c17e75b2f6a8417f565e33c70d1e86b4838f2a6f318c356e834eef1b3cb83bb',
+      '0xd54005db97678ec1d1048c5d10a9a1bce032473295983e56878e501ec68e25c958c3e3d2a09729fe0179f9dac9edcb0',
+      '0x1778e7166fcc6db74e0609d307e55412d7f5e4656a8dbf25f1b33289f1b330835336e25ce3107193c5b388641d9b6861',
+      '0xe99726a3199f4436642b4b3e4118e5499db995a1257fb3f086eeb65982fac18985a286f301e77c451154ce9ac8895d9',
+      '0x1630c3250d7313ff01d1201bf7a74ab5db3cb17dd952799b9ed3ab9097e68f90a0870d2dcae73d19cd13c1c66f652983',
+      '0xd6ed6553fe44d296a3726c38ae652bfb11586264f0f8ce19008e218f9c86b2a8da25128c1052ecaddd7f225a139ed84',
+      '0x17b81e7701abdbe2e8743884d1117e53356de5ab275b4db1a682c62ef0f2753339b7c8f8c8f475af9ccb5618e3f0c88e',
+      '0x80d3cf1f9a78fc47b90b33563be990dc43b756ce79f5574a2c596c928c5d1de4fa295f296b74e956d71986a8497e317',
+      '0x169b1f8e1bcfa7c42e0c37515d138f22dd2ecb803a0c5c99676314baf4bb1b7fa3190b2edc0327797f241067be390c9e',
+      '0x10321da079ce07e272d8ec09d2565b0dfa7dccdde6787f96d50af36003b14866f69b771f8c285decca67df3f1605fb7b',
+      '0x6e08c248e260e70bd1e962381edee3d31d79d7e22c837bc23c0bf1bc24c6b68c24b1b80b64d391fa9c8ba2e8ba2d229',
+    ],
+    // xDen
+    [
+      '0x8ca8d548cff19ae18b2e62f4bd3fa6f01d5ef4ba35b48ba9c9588617fc8ac62b558d681be343df8993cf9fa40d21b1c',
+      '0x12561a5deb559c4348b4711298e536367041e8ca0cf0800c0126c2588c48bf5713daa8846cb026e9e5c8276ec82b3bff',
+      '0xb2962fe57a3225e8137e629bff2991f6f89416f5a718cd1fca64e00b11aceacd6a3d0967c94fedcfcc239ba5cb83e19',
+      '0x3425581a58ae2fec83aafef7c40eb545b08243f16b1655154cca8abc28d6fd04976d5243eecf5c4130de8938dc62cd8',
+      '0x13a8e162022914a80a6f1d5f43e7a07dffdfc759a12062bb8d6b44e833b306da9bd29ba81f35781d539d395b3532a21e',
+      '0xe7355f8e4e667b955390f7f0506c6e9395735e9ce9cad4d0a43bcef24b8982f7400d24bc4228f11c02df9a29f6304a5',
+      '0x772caacf16936190f3e0c63e0596721570f5799af53a1894e2e073062aede9cea73b3538f0de06cec2574496ee84a3a',
+      '0x14a7ac2a9d64a8b230b3f5b074cf01996e7f63c21bca68a81996e1cdf9822c580fa5b9489d11e2d311f7d99bbdcc5a5e',
+      '0xa10ecf6ada54f825e920b3dafc7a3cce07f8d1d7161366b74100da67f39883503826692abba43704776ec3a79a1d641',
+      '0x95fc13ab9e92ad4476d6e3eb3a56680f682b4ee96f7d03776df533978f31c1593174e4b4b7865002d6384d168ecdd0a',
+      '0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001', // LAST 1
+    ],
+    // yNum
+    [
+      '0x90d97c81ba24ee0259d1f094980dcfa11ad138e48a869522b52af6c956543d3cd0c7aee9b3ba3c2be9845719707bb33',
+      '0x134996a104ee5811d51036d776fb46831223e96c254f383d0f906343eb67ad34d6c56711962fa8bfe097e75a2e41c696',
+      '0xcc786baa966e66f4a384c86a3b49942552e2d658a31ce2c344be4b91400da7d26d521628b00523b8dfe240c72de1f6',
+      '0x1f86376e8981c217898751ad8746757d42aa7b90eeb791c09e4a3ec03251cf9de405aba9ec61deca6355c77b0e5f4cb',
+      '0x8cc03fdefe0ff135caf4fe2a21529c4195536fbe3ce50b879833fd221351adc2ee7f8dc099040a841b6daecf2e8fedb',
+      '0x16603fca40634b6a2211e11db8f0a6a074a7d0d4afadb7bd76505c3d3ad5544e203f6326c95a807299b23ab13633a5f0',
+      '0x4ab0b9bcfac1bbcb2c977d027796b3ce75bb8ca2be184cb5231413c4d634f3747a87ac2460f415ec961f8855fe9d6f2',
+      '0x987c8d5333ab86fde9926bd2ca6c674170a05bfe3bdd81ffd038da6c26c842642f64550fedfe935a15e4ca31870fb29',
+      '0x9fc4018bd96684be88c9e221e4da1bb8f3abd16679dc26c1e8b6e6a1f20cabe69d65201c78607a360370e577bdba587',
+      '0xe1bba7a1186bdb5223abde7ada14a23c42a0ca7915af6fe06985e7ed1e4d43b9b3f7055dd4eba6f2bafaaebca731c30',
+      '0x19713e47937cd1be0dfd0b8f1d43fb93cd2fcbcb6caf493fd1183e416389e61031bf3a5cce3fbafce813711ad011c132',
+      '0x18b46a908f36f6deb918c143fed2edcc523559b8aaf0c2462e6bfe7f911f643249d9cdf41b44d606ce07c8a4d0074d8e',
+      '0xb182cac101b9399d155096004f53f447aa7b12a3426b08ec02710e807b4633f06c851c1919211f20d4c04f00b971ef8',
+      '0x245a394ad1eca9b72fc00ae7be315dc757b3b080d4c158013e6632d3c40659cc6cf90ad1c232a6442d9d3f5db980133',
+      '0x5c129645e44cf1102a159f748c4a3fc5e673d81d7e86568d9ab0f5d396a7ce46ba1049b6579afb7866b1e715475224b',
+      '0x15e6be4e990f03ce4ea50b3b42df2eb5cb181d8f84965a3957add4fa95af01b2b665027efec01c7704b456be69c8b604',
+    ],
+    // yDen
+    [
+      '0x16112c4c3a9c98b252181140fad0eae9601a6de578980be6eec3232b5be72e7a07f3688ef60c206d01479253b03663c1',
+      '0x1962d75c2381201e1a0cbd6c43c348b885c84ff731c4d59ca4a10356f453e01f78a4260763529e3532f6102c2e49a03d',
+      '0x58df3306640da276faaae7d6e8eb15778c4855551ae7f310c35a5dd279cd2eca6757cd636f96f891e2538b53dbf67f2',
+      '0x16b7d288798e5395f20d23bf89edb4d1d115c5dbddbcd30e123da489e726af41727364f2c28297ada8d26d98445f5416',
+      '0xbe0e079545f43e4b00cc912f8228ddcc6d19c9f0f69bbb0542eda0fc9dec916a20b15dc0fd2ededda39142311a5001d',
+      '0x8d9e5297186db2d9fb266eaac783182b70152c65550d881c5ecd87b6f0f5a6449f38db9dfa9cce202c6477faaf9b7ac',
+      '0x166007c08a99db2fc3ba8734ace9824b5eecfdfa8d0cf8ef5dd365bc400a0051d5fa9c01a58b1fb93d1a1399126a775c',
+      '0x16a3ef08be3ea7ea03bcddfabba6ff6ee5a4375efa1f4fd7feb34fd206357132b920f5b00801dee460ee415a15812ed9',
+      '0x1866c8ed336c61231a1be54fd1d74cc4f9fb0ce4c6af5920abc5750c4bf39b4852cfe2f7bb9248836b233d9d55535d4a',
+      '0x167a55cda70a6e1cea820597d94a84903216f763e13d87bb5308592e7ea7d4fbc7385ea3d529b35e346ef48bb8913f55',
+      '0x4d2f259eea405bd48f010a01ad2911d9c6dd039bb61a6290e591b36e636a5c871a5c29f4f83060400f8b49cba8f6aa8',
+      '0xaccbb67481d033ff5852c1e48c50c477f94ff8aefce42d28c0f9a88cea7913516f968986f7ebbea9684b529e2561092',
+      '0xad6b9514c767fe3c3613144b45f1496543346d98adf02267d5ceef9a00d9b8693000763e3b90ac11e99b138573345cc',
+      '0x2660400eb2e4f3b628bdd0d53cd76f2bf565b94e72927c1cb748df27942480e420517bd8714cc80d1fadc1326ed06f7',
+      '0xe0fa1d816ddc03e6b24255e0d7819c171c40f65e273b853324efcd6356caa205ca2f570f13497804415473a1d634b8f',
+      '0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001', // LAST 1
+    ],
+  ].map((i) => i.map((j) => BigInt(j))) as [Fp[], Fp[], Fp[], Fp[]]
+);
+
+// Optimized SWU Map - Fp to G1
+const G1_SWU = mapToCurveSimpleSWU(Fp, {
+  A: Fp.create(
+    BigInt(
+      '0x144698a3b8e9433d693a02c96d4982b0ea985383ee66a8d8e8981aefd881ac98936f8da0e0f97f5cf428082d584c1d'
+    )
+  ),
+  B: Fp.create(
+    BigInt(
+      '0x12e2908d11688030018b12e8753eee3b2016c1f0f24f4070a0b9c14fcef35ef55a23215a316ceaa5d1cc48e98e172be0'
+    )
+  ),
+  Z: Fp.create(BigInt(11)),
+});
+// SWU Map - Fp2 to G2': y² = x³ + 240i * x + 1012 + 1012i
+const G2_SWU = mapToCurveSimpleSWU(Fp2, {
+  A: Fp2.create({ c0: Fp.create(_0n), c1: Fp.create(BigInt(240)) }), // A' = 240 * I
+  B: Fp2.create({ c0: Fp.create(BigInt(1012)), c1: Fp.create(BigInt(1012)) }), // B' = 1012 * (1 + I)
+  Z: Fp2.create({ c0: Fp.create(BigInt(-2)), c1: Fp.create(BigInt(-1)) }), // Z: -(2 + I)
+});
+
+function mapToG1(scalars: bigint[]) {
+  const { x, y } = G1_SWU(Fp.create(scalars[0]));
+  return isogenyMapG1(x, y);
+}
+function mapToG2(scalars: bigint[]) {
+  const { x, y } = G2_SWU(Fp2.fromBigTuple(scalars as BigintTuple));
+  return isogenyMapG2(x, y);
+}