@onekeyfe/hd-core 1.2.0-alpha.74 → 1.2.0-alpha.75

package/src/api/FirmwareUpdateV4.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import { EDeviceType, ERRORS, HardwareError, HardwareErrorCode, wait } from '@on
 import {
   DeviceRebootType,
   PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE,
-  PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_READ_CHUNK_SIZE,
   PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FIRMWARE_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE,
   PROTOCOL_V2_WEBUSB_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE,
 } from '@onekeyfe/hd-transport';
@@ -10,6 +9,7 @@ import { sha256 } from '@noble/hashes/sha256';
 
 import { FirmwareUpdateTipMessage, UI_REQUEST } from '../events/ui-request';
 import { validateProtocolV2FilesystemPath } from './helpers/filesystemValidation';
+import { writeProtocolV2File } from './helpers/protocolV2FileWrite';
 import { validateParams } from './helpers/paramsValidator';
 import {
   LoggerNames,
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import {
   getLogger,
 } from '../utils';
 import { getSysResourceBinary } from './firmware/getBinary';
-import { normalizeFirmwarePreparationError } from './firmware/FirmwarePreparationError';
 import { DataManager } from '../data-manager';
 import { FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod } from './firmware/FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod';
 import { DevicePool } from '../device/DevicePool';
@@ -40,20 +39,11 @@ import {
   getProtocolV2UnknownErrorText,
   isProtocolV2DeviceDisconnectedError,
 } from './protocol-v2/helpers';
-import { openFirmwareByteSource, writeFirmwareByteSource } from './firmware/FirmwareArtifactSource';
-import { resolveFirmwareUpdateHostBinding } from './firmware/FirmwareHostBinding';
-import {
-  assertFirmwareUpdatePreparedPlanBinding,
-  assertFirmwareUpdatePreparedPlanDeviceIdentity,
-} from './firmware/FirmwareUpdatePreparedPlan';
 
-import type {
-  FirmwareArtifactReference,
-  FirmwareUpdateV4Params,
-  FirmwareUpdateV4Target,
-} from '../types/api/firmwareUpdate';
+import type { FirmwareUpdateV4Params, FirmwareUpdateV4Target } from '../types/api/firmwareUpdate';
 import type { EFirmwareType } from '@onekeyfe/hd-shared';
 import type { ProtocolV2DeviceInfo } from '@onekeyfe/hd-transport';
+import type { PROTO } from '../constants';
 import type { TypedResponseMessage } from '../device/DeviceCommands';
 import type {
   Features,
@@ -63,14 +53,9 @@ import type {
   IProtocolV2ResourceFile,
   IVersionArray,
 } from '../types';
-import type { FirmwareByteSource } from './firmware/FirmwareArtifactSource';
 
 const Log = getLogger(LoggerNames.Method);
 
-// Restored after a rebase dropped the declaration while keeping its use in
-// fileWriteChunk; without it that error branch throws ReferenceError instead of
-// the intended typed session error.
-const SESSION_ERROR = 'session not found';
 const PROTOCOL_V2_BOOTLOADER_RECONNECT_TIMEOUT = 90 * 1000;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_FINAL_RECONNECT_TIMEOUT = 3 * 60 * 1000;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT = 5 * 1000;
@@ -90,7 +75,7 @@ const PROTOCOL_V2_CONNECT_POLL_INTERVAL = 500;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_CONNECT_SINGLE_TIMEOUT = 75 * 1000;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_DEVICE_INFO_READY_TIMEOUT = 30 * 1000;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT = 3;
-const PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_STATUS_CONFLICT_CODE = 'FirmwareInstallStatusConflict';
+const PROTOCOL_V2_PROGRESS_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL = 1000;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE = 0x52a0;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_PAYLOAD_HASH_OFFSET = 0x200;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_HASH_OFFSET = 0x240;
@@ -135,6 +120,11 @@ const getProtocolV2DeviceTransferProgress = (
   return Math.min(Math.max(Math.ceil((bytesAfterChunk / totalBytes) * 100), 1), 99);
 };
 
+const formatProtocolV2TransferSpeed = (bytes: number, elapsedMs: number) => {
+  const safeElapsedMs = Math.max(elapsedMs, 1);
+  return (bytes / 1024 / (safeElapsedMs / 1000)).toFixed(2);
+};
+
 type ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget = {
   target_id: number | string;
   status?: number | string;
@@ -148,6 +138,22 @@ type ProtocolV2TargetBinary = { fileName: string; binary: ArrayBuffer; targetId:
 type ProtocolV2InstallItem = ProtocolV2TargetBinary & {
   kind: ProtocolV2RemoteComponentTarget['kind'];
 };
+type ProtocolV2InstallTarget = ProtocolV2InstallItem & {
+  path: string;
+};
+
+type ProtocolV2FileTransferParams = PROTO.FirmwareUpload & {
+  filePath: string;
+  processedSize?: number;
+  totalSize?: number;
+  onTransferredBytes?: (transferredBytes: number) => void;
+};
+
+type ProtocolV2ProgressReportState = {
+  lastProgress?: number;
+  lastReportedAt?: number;
+};
+
 /** Protocol V2 resource file written independently to devicePath through FileWrite. */
 type ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary = {
   name: string;
@@ -165,35 +171,6 @@ type ProtocolV2RemoteComponentTarget = {
   kind: 'bootloader' | 'firmware';
 };
 
-type ProtocolV2InstallSource = {
-  fileName: string;
-  source: FirmwareByteSource;
-  targetId: number;
-  kind: ProtocolV2RemoteComponentTarget['kind'];
-};
-
-type ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource = {
-  name: string;
-  source: FirmwareByteSource;
-  devicePath: string;
-  version?: IVersionArray;
-  payloadHash?: string;
-  headerHash?: string;
-};
-
-type ProtocolV2ExecutionPhaseKind =
-  | 'resource-sync'
-  | 'bootloader-install'
-  | 'bootloader-verify'
-  | 'component-install'
-  | 'final-verify';
-
-type ProtocolV2ExecutionPhase = {
-  kind: ProtocolV2ExecutionPhaseKind;
-  installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[];
-  resourceSources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[];
-};
-
 type ProtocolV2OkppHeader = {
   type: string;
   version: IVersionArray;
@@ -302,12 +279,6 @@ const isProtocolV2FirmwareStatusEndpointUnavailable = (error: unknown) => {
   );
 };
 
-const isProtocolV2TerminalInstallStatusError = (error: unknown) =>
-  error instanceof HardwareError &&
-  (error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareError ||
-    error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareVerificationFailed ||
-    error.params?.firmwareUpdateCode === PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_STATUS_CONFLICT_CODE);
-
 const isProtocolV2TargetStatusFinished = (status: ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget['status']) =>
   normalizeProtocolV2TargetStatus(status) === PROTOCOL_V2_TARGET_STATUS_FINISHED;
 
@@ -345,18 +316,6 @@ const normalizeProtocolV2TargetStatus = (
 
 const normalizeProtocolV2Hex = (value?: string) => value?.replace(/^0x/i, '').toLowerCase();
 
-const versionArrayToNumber = (version?: IVersionArray) => {
-  if (!version) return undefined;
-  return version[0] * 0x10000 + version[1] * 0x100 + version[2];
-};
-
-const compareProtocolV2Versions = (current?: IVersionArray, target?: IVersionArray) => {
-  const currentNumber = versionArrayToNumber(current);
-  const targetNumber = versionArrayToNumber(target);
-  if (currentNumber === undefined || targetNumber === undefined) return undefined;
-  return currentNumber - targetNumber;
-};
-
 const bytesToHex = (bytes: Uint8Array) =>
   Array.from(bytes)
     .map(byte => byte.toString(16).padStart(2, '0'))
@@ -490,16 +449,6 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     return ['V2'] as const;
   }
 
-  private protocolV2PreparedSources: FirmwareByteSource[] = [];
-
-  private protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = false;
-
-  private protocolV2CompletedTargetVersions = new Map<number, number>();
-
-  private protocolV2LatestFinalFeatures?: Features;
-
-  private protocolV2FinalStatusVerified = false;
-
   init() {
     this.allowDeviceMode = [UI_REQUEST.BOOTLOADER, UI_REQUEST.NOT_INITIALIZE];
     this.requireDeviceMode = [];
@@ -537,62 +486,10 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       { name: 'firmwareType', type: 'string' },
       { name: 'targetsToUpdate', type: 'array', allowEmpty: true },
       { name: 'platform', type: 'string' },
-      { name: 'expectedDeviceId', type: 'string' },
       { name: 'resourceFiles', type: 'array', allowEmpty: true },
     ]);
-    if (
-      payload.expectedDeviceId !== undefined &&
-      (payload.expectedDeviceId.length === 0 || payload.expectedDeviceId.length > 160)
-    ) {
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-        HardwareErrorCode.CallMethodInvalidParameter,
-        'Protocol V2 expected device identity is invalid'
-      );
-    }
-    const hostBinding =
-      payload.preparedPlan || payload.componentArtifacts || payload.resourceBundleArtifacts
-        ? resolveFirmwareUpdateHostBinding(payload.hostBindingGeneration)
-        : undefined;
-    if (hostBinding) {
-      assertFirmwareUpdatePreparedPlanBinding({
-        preparedPlan: payload.preparedPlan,
-        executor: 'v4',
-        platform: payload.platform,
-        scopeTargets: [
-          'boot',
-          'app_v1',
-          'app_v2',
-          'coprocessor',
-          'resource',
-          'se01',
-          'se02',
-          'se03',
-          'se04',
-        ],
-        bindings: [
-          ...Object.entries(payload.componentArtifacts ?? {}).flatMap(([target, artifact]) =>
-            artifact
-              ? [
-                  {
-                    target: target as Exclude<FirmwareUpdateV4Target, 'resource'>,
-                    artifact,
-                  },
-                ]
-              : []
-          ),
-          ...(payload.resourceBundleArtifacts ?? []).map(
-            (entry: { name: string; artifact: FirmwareArtifactReference }) => ({
-              target: 'resource' as const,
-              logicalName: entry.name,
-              artifact: entry.artifact,
-            })
-          ),
-        ],
-      });
-    }
 
     this.params = {
-      preparedPlan: payload.preparedPlan,
       chunkSize: payload.chunkSize,
       forcedUpdateRes: payload.forcedUpdateRes,
       bootloaderBinary: payload.bootloaderBinary,
@@ -607,29 +504,19 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       resourceFiles: payload.resourceFiles,
       firmwareType: payload.firmwareType,
       targetsToUpdate: payload.targetsToUpdate,
-      expectedTargetVersions: payload.expectedTargetVersions,
       platform: payload.platform,
-      expectedDeviceId: payload.expectedDeviceId,
-      artifactReader: hostBinding?.artifactReader ?? payload.artifactReader,
-      componentArtifacts: payload.componentArtifacts,
-      resourceBundleArtifacts: payload.resourceBundleArtifacts,
     };
   }
 
-  private getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize(direction: 'read' | 'write', filePath?: string) {
+  private getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize(filePath?: string) {
     const payloadChunkSize = Number(this.params?.chunkSize);
     const env = DataManager.getSettings('env');
     const isBle = this.params?.platform === 'native' || (env && DataManager.isBleConnect(env));
     let maxChunkSize = PROTOCOL_V2_WEBUSB_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
     if (isBle) {
-      if (direction === 'read') {
-        maxChunkSize = PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_READ_CHUNK_SIZE;
-      } else {
-        // Firmware staging writes tolerate a larger BLE chunk than generic filesystem writes.
-        maxChunkSize = PROTOCOL_V2_FIRMWARE_STAGING_PATHS.has(filePath ?? '')
-          ? PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FIRMWARE_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE
-          : PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
-      }
+      maxChunkSize = PROTOCOL_V2_FIRMWARE_STAGING_PATHS.has(filePath ?? '')
+        ? PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FIRMWARE_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE
+        : PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
     }
     if (!Number.isFinite(payloadChunkSize) || payloadChunkSize <= 0) {
       return maxChunkSize;
@@ -656,20 +543,8 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     assertProtocolV2FirmwareTargetsSupported(capabilityDeviceType, this.params);
     const deviceFirmwareType = getFirmwareType(deviceFeatures);
     const firmwareType = this.params.firmwareType ?? deviceFirmwareType;
-    this.validateExpectedTargetVersions();
-
-    if (
-      (this.params.componentArtifacts && Object.keys(this.params.componentArtifacts).length > 0) ||
-      this.params.resourceBundleArtifacts?.length
-    ) {
-      return this.runProtocolV2PreparedArtifacts(deviceFeatures, firmwareType);
-    }
-    const hasExplicitResourceFiles = !!this.params.resourceFiles?.length;
-    const wantsStableResources = !!this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('resource');
-    const wantsBootResources = !!this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('boot_resources');
-    const needsRemoteResources = !hasExplicitResourceFiles && wantsStableResources;
-    const needsRemoteBootResources =
-      !hasExplicitResourceFiles && (wantsBootResources || wantsStableResources);
+    const needsRemoteResources =
+      !this.params.resourceFiles?.length && !!this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('resource');
 
     let fwBinaryMap: ProtocolV2TargetBinary[] = [];
     let bootloaderBinary: ArrayBuffer | null = null;
@@ -681,19 +556,11 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       fwBinaryMap = this.collectExplicitTargetBinaries();
       bootloaderBinary = this.prepareBootloaderBinary();
       const needsRemoteFirmware = !this.hasExplicitProtocolV2Payload(fwBinaryMap);
-      if (
-        (needsRemoteFirmware || needsRemoteResources || needsRemoteBootResources) &&
-        (this.params.artifactReader ||
-          DataManager.getSettings('firmwareManifestMode') === 'external-only')
-      ) {
-        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-          HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-          'Protocol V2 firmware artifacts must be prepared by the external firmware host',
-          {
-            firmwareUpdateCode: 'FirmwareArtifactsNotPrepared',
-          }
-        );
-      }
+      const hasExplicitResourceFiles = !!this.params.resourceFiles?.length;
+      const wantsStableResources = !!this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('resource');
+      const wantsBootResources = !!this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('boot_resources');
+      const needsRemoteBootResources =
+        !hasExplicitResourceFiles && (wantsBootResources || wantsStableResources);
       if (needsRemoteFirmware || needsRemoteResources || needsRemoteBootResources) {
         // Remote updates must use a freshly fetched config before any reboot or file write.
         await DataManager.forceReloadData({
@@ -720,7 +587,7 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       if (err instanceof HardwareError && err.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.NetworkError) {
         throw err;
       }
-      throw normalizeFirmwarePreparationError(err);
+      throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareUpdateDownloadFailed, err.message ?? err);
     }
 
     if (
@@ -736,8 +603,9 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       );
     }
 
+    const enteredBootloader = await this.enterProtocolV2BootloaderMode();
+
     if (needsRemoteResources) {
-      const enteredBootloader = await this.enterProtocolV2BootloaderMode();
       try {
         const stableResources = await this.prepareProtocolV2ResourceBundles();
         resourceBundles = this.mergeProtocolV2ResourceBundles(resourceBundles, stableResources);
@@ -753,293 +621,25 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
             );
           }
         }
-        throw normalizeFirmwarePreparationError(err);
+        throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareUpdateDownloadFailed, err.message ?? err);
       }
     }
 
-    return this.executeProtocolV2Update({
+    await this.executeProtocolV2Update({
       fwBinaryMap,
       bootloaderBinary,
       ...(installItems ? { installItems } : undefined),
       ...(resourceBundles?.length ? { resourceBundles } : undefined),
     });
-  }
-
-  private async openProtocolV2PreparedSource(artifact: FirmwareArtifactReference) {
-    const source = await openFirmwareByteSource({
-      artifact,
-      reader: this.params.artifactReader,
-    });
-    if (!source) {
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-        `Firmware artifact ${artifact.artifactRef} is not prepared`,
-        {
-          firmwareUpdateCode: 'FirmwareArtifactsNotPrepared',
-        }
-      );
-    }
-    this.protocolV2PreparedSources.push(source);
-    return source;
-  }
-
-  private async openProtocolV2MemorySource(binary: ArrayBuffer) {
-    const source = await openFirmwareByteSource({ binary });
-    if (!source) {
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-        'Protocol V2 firmware binary is empty'
-      );
-    }
-    this.protocolV2PreparedSources.push(source);
-    return source;
-  }
-
-  private async closeProtocolV2PreparedSources() {
-    const sources = this.protocolV2PreparedSources.splice(0);
-    await Promise.all(sources.map(source => source.close().catch(() => undefined)));
-  }
-
-  private async prepareProtocolV2InstallSources(
-    firmwareType: EFirmwareType,
-    features: Features
-  ): Promise<ProtocolV2InstallSource[]> {
-    const release = DataManager.getFirmwareLatestRelease(features, firmwareType);
-    if (!release) {
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-        'Protocol V2 firmware release is unavailable'
-      );
-    }
-    const componentArtifacts = this.params.componentArtifacts ?? {};
-    const requestedTargets = new Set(
-      this.params.targetsToUpdate ?? (Object.keys(componentArtifacts) as FirmwareUpdateV4Target[])
-    );
-    const installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[] = [];
-    const preparedTargets = new Set<FirmwareUpdateV4Target>();
-
-    for (const [key, component] of this.getRemoteComponentEntries(release)) {
-      const target = this.getRemoteComponentTarget(key, component);
-      const updateTarget = PROTOCOL_V2_UPDATE_TARGET_BY_TARGET_ID.get(target.targetId);
-      if (updateTarget && updateTarget !== 'resource' && requestedTargets.has(updateTarget)) {
-        const artifact = componentArtifacts[updateTarget];
-        if (!artifact) {
-          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-            HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-            `Protocol V2 ${updateTarget} artifact is not prepared`,
-            {
-              firmwareUpdateCode: 'FirmwareArtifactsNotPrepared',
-              artifactName: updateTarget,
-            }
-          );
-        }
-        installSources.push({
-          ...target,
-          source: await this.openProtocolV2PreparedSource(artifact),
-        });
-        preparedTargets.add(updateTarget);
-      }
-    }
 
-    const unknownTarget = Array.from(requestedTargets).find(
-      target => target !== 'resource' && !preparedTargets.has(target)
-    );
-    if (unknownTarget) {
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-        `Protocol V2 release does not contain requested target ${unknownTarget}`
-      );
-    }
-    return installSources;
-  }
+    this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.SwitchFirmwareReconnectDevice);
+    await this.exitProtocolV2BootloaderToNormal();
 
-  private async prepareProtocolV2ResourceSources(
-    firmwareType: EFirmwareType,
-    features: Features
-  ): Promise<ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[]> {
-    const preparedArtifacts = this.params.resourceBundleArtifacts ?? [];
-    const resourceRequested =
-      this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('resource') || preparedArtifacts.length > 0;
-    if (!resourceRequested) {
-      return [];
-    }
-    const release = DataManager.getFirmwareLatestRelease(features, firmwareType);
-    const descriptors = release?.resourceBundles ?? [];
-    const artifactByName = new Map(
-      preparedArtifacts.map(item => [item.name, item.artifact] as const)
-    );
-    const sources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[] = [];
-    for (const descriptor of descriptors) {
-      const artifact = artifactByName.get(descriptor.name);
-      if (!artifact) {
-        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-          HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-          `Protocol V2 resource bundle ${descriptor.name} is not prepared`,
-          {
-            firmwareUpdateCode: 'FirmwareArtifactsNotPrepared',
-            artifactName: descriptor.name,
-          }
-        );
-      }
-      const devicePath = validateProtocolV2FilesystemPath(
-        descriptor.devicePath,
-        'resourceBundles[].devicePath'
-      );
-      sources.push({
-        name: descriptor.name,
-        source: await this.openProtocolV2PreparedSource(artifact),
-        devicePath,
-        version: descriptor.version,
-        payloadHash: descriptor.payloadHash,
-        headerHash: descriptor.headerHash,
-      });
-      artifactByName.delete(descriptor.name);
-    }
-    if (artifactByName.size > 0) {
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-        `Protocol V2 release does not contain resource bundle ${artifactByName.keys().next().value}`
-      );
-    }
-    return sources;
-  }
-
-  private async runProtocolV2PreparedArtifacts(features: Features, firmwareType: EFirmwareType) {
-    try {
-      this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.StartDownloadFirmware);
-      const installSources = await this.prepareProtocolV2InstallSources(firmwareType, features);
-      const resourceSources = await this.prepareProtocolV2ResourceSources(firmwareType, features);
-      if (installSources.length === 0 && resourceSources.length === 0) {
-        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-          HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareUpdateDownloadFailed,
-          'No firmware to update'
-        );
-      }
-      this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.FinishDownloadFirmware);
-
-      return await this.executeProtocolV2SourceUpdate({
-        installSources,
-        resourceSources,
-      });
-    } finally {
-      await this.closeProtocolV2PreparedSources();
-    }
-  }
-
-  private validateExpectedTargetVersions() {
-    const expected = this.params.expectedTargetVersions;
-    if (expected === undefined) return;
-    if (typeof expected !== 'object' || expected === null || Array.isArray(expected)) {
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-        'Protocol V2 expected target versions are invalid'
-      );
-    }
-    for (const [target, version] of Object.entries(expected)) {
-      if (
-        !Array.from(PROTOCOL_V2_UPDATE_TARGET_BY_TARGET_ID.values()).includes(
-          target as FirmwareUpdateV4Target
-        ) ||
-        typeof version !== 'string' ||
-        !/^\d+\.\d+\.\d+(?:[-+][A-Za-z0-9.-]+)?$/u.test(version) ||
-        version.length > 64
-      ) {
-        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-          HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-          'Protocol V2 expected target version is invalid'
-        );
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  private getExpectedProtocolV2TargetVersion(targetId: number) {
-    const target = PROTOCOL_V2_UPDATE_TARGET_BY_TARGET_ID.get(targetId);
-    const version = target ? this.params?.expectedTargetVersions?.[target] : undefined;
-    if (!version) return undefined;
-    const parts = version.split(/[+-]/u, 1)[0].split('.').map(Number);
-    if (
-      parts.length !== 3 ||
-      parts.some(part => !Number.isSafeInteger(part) || part < 0 || part > 0xff)
-    ) {
-      return undefined;
-    }
-    return parts[0] * 0x10000 + parts[1] * 0x100 + parts[2];
-  }
-
-  private assertExpectedProtocolV2Versions(targets?: readonly FirmwareUpdateV4Target[]) {
-    const expected = this.params?.expectedTargetVersions;
-    if (!expected) return;
-    const features = this.protocolV2LatestFinalFeatures;
-    const requestedTargets = this.getProtocolV2RequestedTargets();
-    const applicationTargets = requestedTargets.filter(
-      target => target === 'app_v1' || target === 'app_v2'
-    );
-    const visibleVersions: Partial<Record<FirmwareUpdateV4Target, string>> = {
-      boot: features ? getDeviceBootloaderVersion(features).join('.') : undefined,
-      coprocessor: features ? getDeviceBLEFirmwareVersion(features).join('.') : undefined,
-      se01: features?.se01Version ?? undefined,
-      se02: features?.se02Version ?? undefined,
-      se03: features?.se03Version ?? undefined,
-      se04: features?.se04Version ?? undefined,
-    };
-    if (features && applicationTargets.length === 1) {
-      visibleVersions[applicationTargets[0]] = getDeviceFirmwareVersion(features).join('.');
-    }
-    const expectedEntries = (
-      Object.entries(expected) as Array<[FirmwareUpdateV4Target, string]>
-    ).filter(([target]) => !targets || targets.includes(target));
-    for (const [target, expectedVersion] of expectedEntries) {
-      const targetId = Array.from(PROTOCOL_V2_UPDATE_TARGET_BY_TARGET_ID.entries()).find(
-        ([, mappedTarget]) => mappedTarget === target
-      )?.[0];
-      const statusVersion =
-        targetId === undefined ? undefined : this.protocolV2CompletedTargetVersions.get(targetId);
-      const observedVersion =
-        statusVersion === undefined
-          ? visibleVersions[target]
-          : `${Math.floor(statusVersion / 0x10000) % 0x100}.${
-              Math.floor(statusVersion / 0x100) % 0x100
-            }.${statusVersion % 0x100}`;
-      if (!observedVersion) {
-        if (this.protocolV2FinalStatusVerified) {
-          Log.warn(
-            `Protocol V2 target ${target} has no observable final version; completed target status is authoritative`
-          );
-        } else {
-          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-            HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareVerificationFailed,
-            `Protocol V2 target ${target} has no observable final version after status fallback`
-          );
-        }
-      } else if (observedVersion !== expectedVersion) {
-        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-          HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareVerificationFailed,
-          `Protocol V2 target ${target} reached ${observedVersion}, expected ${expectedVersion}`
-        );
-      }
-    }
-  }
+    const versions = await this.waitForProtocolV2FinalFeatures();
+    this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.FirmwareUpdateCompleted);
+    DevicePool.resetState();
 
-  private getProtocolV2RequestedTargets(): FirmwareUpdateV4Target[] {
-    if (this.params.targetsToUpdate?.length) {
-      return [...new Set(this.params.targetsToUpdate)];
-    }
-    const targets = new Set<FirmwareUpdateV4Target>();
-    Object.keys(this.params.componentArtifacts ?? {}).forEach(target =>
-      targets.add(target as FirmwareUpdateV4Target)
-    );
-    if (this.params.resourceBundleArtifacts?.length || this.params.resourceFiles?.length) {
-      targets.add('resource');
-    }
-    if (this.params.bootloaderBinary) targets.add('boot');
-    if (this.params.applicationP1Binary) targets.add('app_v1');
-    if (this.params.applicationP2Binary) targets.add('app_v2');
-    if (this.params.coprocessorBinary) targets.add('coprocessor');
-    if (this.params.se01Binary) targets.add('se01');
-    if (this.params.se02Binary) targets.add('se02');
-    if (this.params.se03Binary) targets.add('se03');
-    if (this.params.se04Binary) targets.add('se04');
-    return Array.from(targets);
+    return versions;
   }
 
   private async getProtocolV2DeviceFeatures(): Promise<Features> {
@@ -1083,17 +683,8 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
   private async captureProtocolV2PhysicalIdentity() {
     const deviceInfo = await this.requestProtocolV2PhysicalIdentity();
     const serialNumber = this.getProtocolV2SerialNumber(deviceInfo);
-    const path = this.device.originalDescriptor?.path?.trim() || undefined;
-    if (this.params?.preparedPlan) {
-      assertFirmwareUpdatePreparedPlanDeviceIdentity({
-        preparedPlan: this.params.preparedPlan,
-        deviceIdentity: serialNumber,
-      });
-    } else if (this.params?.expectedDeviceId) {
-      assertProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity(this.params?.expectedDeviceId, serialNumber);
-    } else {
-      assertProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity(serialNumber, serialNumber, path, path);
-    }
+    const path = this.device.originalDescriptor.path?.trim() || undefined;
+    assertProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity(serialNumber, serialNumber, path, path);
     this.protocolV2ExpectedSerialNumber = serialNumber;
     this.protocolV2ExpectedPath = path;
   }
@@ -1329,7 +920,7 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       }
 
       const digest = sha256.create();
-      const chunkSize = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize('write');
+      const chunkSize = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize();
       let offset = 0;
       while (offset < file.size) {
         const response = await commands.typedCall(
@@ -1424,7 +1015,7 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       : await readProtocolV2ResourceInventory({
           commands: this.device.getCommands(),
           resources,
-          chunkSize: this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize('write'),
+          chunkSize: this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize(),
           timeoutMs: PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT,
         });
     const plan = buildProtocolV2ResourceUpdatePlan({
@@ -1459,88 +1050,38 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     };
   }
 
-  private getProtocolV2ResourceFilePath(path: string) {
-    if (path.startsWith('vol')) return path;
-    if (path.startsWith('/')) return `vol0:${path}`;
-    return `vol0:/${path}`;
-  }
+  private async syncProtocolV2ResourceBundles(
+    bundles: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[],
+    firmwareSize: number
+  ): Promise<{ processedSize: number; totalSize: number }> {
+    const transferStartTime = Date.now();
+    const transferTransport = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareTransferTransport();
 
-  private async readProtocolV2DeviceFileHeader(path: string) {
-    const typedCall = this.device.getCommands().typedCall.bind(this.device.getCommands());
-    const filePath = this.getProtocolV2ResourceFilePath(path);
-    const pathInfoRes = await typedCall('FilesystemPathInfoQuery', 'FilesystemPathInfo', {
-      path: filePath,
-    });
-    const fileSize = toProtocolV2FiniteNumber(pathInfoRes.message?.size);
-    if (
-      !pathInfoRes.message?.exist ||
-      pathInfoRes.message?.directory ||
-      fileSize === undefined ||
-      fileSize < PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE
-    ) {
-      return null;
-    }
+    // Write directly to the device through FileWrite.
+    let totalSize = 0;
+    for (const b of bundles) totalSize += b.binary.byteLength;
 
-    const chunkSize = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize('read');
-    const chunks: Uint8Array[] = [];
-    let offset = 0;
-    while (offset < PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE) {
-      const readLen = Math.min(chunkSize, PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE - offset);
-      const res = await typedCall('FilesystemFileRead', 'FilesystemFile', {
-        file: {
-          path: filePath,
-          offset,
-          total_size: 0,
-        },
-        chunk_len: readLen,
-        ui_percentage: undefined,
+    const transferTotalSize = totalSize + firmwareSize;
+    let processedSize = 0;
+    for (const bundle of bundles) {
+      Log.log(
+        `[FirmwareUpdateV4] syncing resource ${bundle.name} -> ${bundle.devicePath} bytes=${bundle.binary.byteLength}`
+      );
+      processedSize = await this.protocolV2CommonUpdateProcess({
+        payload: bundle.binary,
+        filePath: bundle.devicePath,
+        processedSize,
+        totalSize: transferTotalSize,
       });
-      const data = toProtocolV2Bytes(res.message?.data);
-      if (data.byteLength === 0) return null;
-      chunks.push(data);
-      offset += data.byteLength;
     }
 
-    const headerBytes = new Uint8Array(offset);
-    let cursor = 0;
-    chunks.forEach(chunk => {
-      headerBytes.set(chunk, cursor);
-      cursor += chunk.byteLength;
-    });
-    return parseProtocolV2OkppHeader(headerBytes);
-  }
-
-  /** Compare a prepared okpkg header when its manifest supplies version or hash metadata. */
-  private async isProtocolV2ResourceBundleUpToDate(
-    bundle: Pick<
-      ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource,
-      'name' | 'devicePath' | 'version' | 'payloadHash' | 'headerHash'
-    >
-  ): Promise<boolean> {
-    if (this.params?.forcedUpdateRes) return false;
-    if (!bundle.version && !bundle.payloadHash) return false;
-
-    try {
-      const header = await this.readProtocolV2DeviceFileHeader(bundle.devicePath);
-      if (!header) return false;
-
-      if (bundle.version) {
-        const cmp = compareProtocolV2Versions(header.version, bundle.version);
-        if (cmp === undefined || cmp !== 0) return false;
-      }
-      if (bundle.payloadHash) {
-        const expected = normalizeProtocolV2Hex(bundle.payloadHash);
-        if (expected && header.payloadHash !== expected) return false;
-      }
-      if (bundle.headerHash) {
-        const expected = normalizeProtocolV2Hex(bundle.headerHash);
-        if (expected && header.headerHash !== expected) return false;
-      }
-      return true;
-    } catch (error) {
-      Log.log(`[FirmwareUpdateV4] RESC bundle ${bundle.name} header check failed: `, error);
-      return false;
-    }
+    const elapsedMs = Date.now() - transferStartTime;
+    Log.log(
+      `[FirmwareUpdateV4] resource sync finished transport=${transferTransport} bytes=${totalSize} elapsed=${(
+        elapsedMs / 1000
+      ).toFixed(2)}s speed=${formatProtocolV2TransferSpeed(totalSize, elapsedMs)} KB/s`
+    );
+    return { processedSize, totalSize: transferTotalSize };
   }
 
   private isProtocolV2BootloaderMode() {
@@ -1572,12 +1113,10 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     // It rejects DeviceRebootType.Bootloader, so reuse the current connection.
     if (this.isProtocolV2RomloaderMode()) {
       Log.debug('Protocol V2 device is in romloader mode; start firmware update directly');
-      this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = true;
       return false;
     }
     if (this.isProtocolV2BootloaderMode()) {
       Log.debug('Protocol V2 device is already in bootloader mode, skip reboot');
-      this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = true;
       this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.GoToBootloaderSuccess);
       return false;
     }
@@ -1587,7 +1126,6 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       await this.protocolV2Reboot(DeviceRebootType.Bootloader);
       await wait(1000);
       await this.waitForProtocolV2BootloaderMode();
-      this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = true;
       this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.GoToBootloaderSuccess);
       return true;
     } catch (error) {
@@ -1683,98 +1221,6 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     return entries;
   }
 
-  private buildProtocolV2ExecutionPhases({
-    installSources,
-    resourceSources,
-  }: {
-    installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[];
-    resourceSources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[];
-  }): ProtocolV2ExecutionPhase[] {
-    const phases: ProtocolV2ExecutionPhase[] = [];
-    if (resourceSources.length > 0) {
-      phases.push({
-        kind: 'resource-sync',
-        installSources: [],
-        resourceSources,
-      });
-    }
-    const bootloaderSources = installSources.filter(source => source.kind === 'bootloader');
-    if (bootloaderSources.length > 0) {
-      phases.push(
-        {
-          kind: 'bootloader-install',
-          installSources: bootloaderSources,
-          resourceSources: [],
-        },
-        {
-          kind: 'bootloader-verify',
-          installSources: [],
-          resourceSources: [],
-        }
-      );
-    }
-    const componentSources = installSources.filter(source => source.kind !== 'bootloader');
-    if (componentSources.length > 0) {
-      phases.push({
-        kind: 'component-install',
-        installSources: componentSources,
-        resourceSources: [],
-      });
-    }
-    phases.push({
-      kind: 'final-verify',
-      installSources: [],
-      resourceSources: [],
-    });
-    return phases;
-  }
-
-  private async executeProtocolV2Phases({
-    installSources,
-    resourceSources,
-  }: {
-    installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[];
-    resourceSources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[];
-  }) {
-    const phases = this.buildProtocolV2ExecutionPhases({
-      installSources,
-      resourceSources,
-    });
-    for (const phase of phases) {
-      if (phase.kind === 'final-verify') {
-        return this.completeProtocolV2FinalVerification();
-      }
-      if (phase.kind === 'resource-sync') {
-        await this.enterProtocolV2BootloaderMode();
-        await this.executeProtocolV2TransferPhase(phase);
-      } else if (phase.kind === 'bootloader-install' || phase.kind === 'component-install') {
-        await this.enterProtocolV2BootloaderMode();
-        await this.executeProtocolV2TransferPhase(phase);
-        await this.exitProtocolV2BootloaderToNormal();
-      } else if (phase.kind === 'bootloader-verify') {
-        await this.waitForProtocolV2FinalFeatures();
-        this.assertExpectedProtocolV2Versions(['boot']);
-      }
-    }
-    throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-      HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-      'Protocol V2 execution has no final verification phase'
-    );
-  }
-
-  private async executeProtocolV2SourceUpdate({
-    installSources,
-    resourceSources,
-  }: {
-    installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[];
-    resourceSources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[];
-  }) {
-    return this.executeProtocolV2Phases({
-      installSources,
-      resourceSources,
-    });
-  }
-
   private async executeProtocolV2Update({
     fwBinaryMap,
     bootloaderBinary,
@@ -1786,168 +1232,106 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     installItems?: ProtocolV2InstallItem[];
     resourceBundles?: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[];
   }) {
-    const memoryInstallItems =
+    const orderedInstallItems =
       installItems ??
       this.buildProtocolV2InstallItems({
-        fwBinaryMap: fwBinaryMap ?? [],
         bootloaderBinary: bootloaderBinary ?? null,
+        fwBinaryMap: fwBinaryMap ?? [],
       });
-    try {
-      const installSources = await Promise.all(
-        memoryInstallItems.map(async item => ({
-          fileName: item.fileName,
-          source: await this.openProtocolV2MemorySource(item.binary),
-          targetId: item.targetId,
-          kind: item.kind,
-        }))
-      );
-      const resourceSources = await Promise.all(
-        (resourceBundles ?? []).map(async bundle => ({
-          name: bundle.name,
-          source: await this.openProtocolV2MemorySource(bundle.binary),
-          devicePath: bundle.devicePath,
-        }))
-      );
-      return await this.executeProtocolV2Phases({
-        installSources,
-        resourceSources,
-      });
-    } finally {
-      await this.closeProtocolV2PreparedSources();
-    }
-  }
 
-  private async executeProtocolV2TransferPhase({
-    installSources,
-    resourceSources,
-  }: ProtocolV2ExecutionPhase) {
-    let totalSize = installSources.reduce((total, item) => total + item.source.size, 0);
-    const resourcesToSync: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[] = [];
-    for (const resource of resourceSources) {
-      if (await this.isProtocolV2ResourceBundleUpToDate(resource)) {
-        Log.log(`[FirmwareUpdateV4] skip RESC bundle ${resource.name}; already up to date`);
-      } else {
-        resourcesToSync.push(resource);
-        totalSize += resource.source.size;
-      }
-    }
+    let firmwareSize = 0;
+    for (const item of orderedInstallItems) firmwareSize += item.binary.byteLength;
 
     this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.StartTransferData);
+
     let processedSize = 0;
-    for (const resource of resourcesToSync) {
-      processedSize = await this.protocolV2SourceUpdateProcess({
-        source: resource.source,
-        filePath: resource.devicePath,
-        processedSize,
-        totalSize,
-      });
-      await this.verifyProtocolV2StagedFile(resource.devicePath, resource.source.size);
+    let totalSize = firmwareSize;
+    if (resourceBundles?.length) {
+      const resourceTransfer = await this.syncProtocolV2ResourceBundles(
+        resourceBundles,
+        firmwareSize
+      );
+      processedSize = resourceTransfer.processedSize;
+      totalSize = resourceTransfer.totalSize;
     }
 
-    const stagedInstallTargets: Array<{ targetId: number; path: string }> = [];
-    for (const item of installSources) {
-      const filePath = this.getProtocolV2InstallItemStagingPath(item);
-      processedSize = await this.protocolV2SourceUpdateProcess({
-        source: item.source,
-        filePath,
-        processedSize,
-        totalSize,
-      });
-      await this.verifyProtocolV2StagedFile(filePath, item.source.size);
-      stagedInstallTargets.push({
-        targetId: item.targetId,
-        path: filePath,
-      });
+    // Skip staging and installation when the update contains resource files only.
+    if (orderedInstallItems.length === 0) {
+      Log.log('[FirmwareUpdateV4] no firmware targets to install (resource files only)');
+      if (totalSize > 0) {
+        this.postProgressMessage(100, 'transferData');
+      }
+      return;
     }
+    let transferredSize = processedSize;
+    const transferStartTime = Date.now();
+    const transferTransport = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareTransferTransport();
+    const chunkSize = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize(
+      this.getProtocolV2InstallItemStagingPath(orderedInstallItems[0])
+    );
+    const onTransferredBytes = (bytes: number) => {
+      transferredSize = bytes;
+    };
+    Log.log(
+      `[FirmwareUpdateV4] transfer started transport=${transferTransport} total=${totalSize} bytes chunk=${chunkSize} bytes`
+    );
 
-    if (totalSize > 0) {
-      this.postProgressMessage(100, 'transferData');
-    }
-    if (stagedInstallTargets.length === 0) {
-      return;
+    const stagedInstallTargets: ProtocolV2InstallTarget[] = [];
+
+    try {
+      for (const item of orderedInstallItems) {
+        const filePath = this.getProtocolV2InstallItemStagingPath(item);
+        Log.log(
+          `[FirmwareUpdateV4] staging ${item.kind} via FilesystemFileWrite target=${item.targetId} path=${filePath} source=${item.fileName} bytes=${item.binary.byteLength}`
+        );
+        processedSize = await this.protocolV2CommonUpdateProcess({
+          payload: item.binary,
+          filePath,
+          processedSize,
+          totalSize,
+          onTransferredBytes,
+        });
+        transferredSize = processedSize;
+        await this.verifyProtocolV2StagedFile(filePath, item.binary.byteLength);
+
+        stagedInstallTargets.push({
+          ...item,
+          path: filePath,
+        });
+      }
+
+      if (totalSize > 0) {
+        this.postProgressMessage(100, 'transferData');
+      }
+
+      const elapsedMs = Date.now() - transferStartTime;
+      Log.log(
+        `[FirmwareUpdateV4] transfer finished transport=${transferTransport} bytes=${totalSize} elapsed=${(
+          elapsedMs / 1000
+        ).toFixed(2)}s speed=${formatProtocolV2TransferSpeed(totalSize, elapsedMs)} KB/s`
+      );
+    } catch (error) {
+      const elapsedMs = Date.now() - transferStartTime;
+      Log.warn(
+        `[FirmwareUpdateV4] transfer failed transport=${transferTransport} bytes=${transferredSize}/${totalSize} elapsed=${(
+          elapsedMs / 1000
+        ).toFixed(2)}s speed=${formatProtocolV2TransferSpeed(transferredSize, elapsedMs)} KB/s`
+      );
+      throw error;
     }
 
     this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.ConfirmOnDevice);
-    const targets = stagedInstallTargets.map(item => ({
+
+    const allTargets = stagedInstallTargets.map(item => ({
       target_id: item.targetId,
       path: item.path,
     }));
-    await this.protocolV2StartFirmwareUpdate({ targets });
-    await this.waitForProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateComplete(targets);
-  }
-
-  private async protocolV2SourceUpdateProcess({
-    source,
-    filePath,
-    processedSize,
-    totalSize,
-  }: {
-    source: FirmwareByteSource;
-    filePath: string;
-    processedSize: number;
-    totalSize: number;
-  }) {
-    let lastError: unknown;
-    for (let attempt = 1; attempt <= PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT; attempt += 1) {
-      try {
-        const transferStartedAt = Date.now();
-        await writeFirmwareByteSource({
-          source,
-          chunkSize: this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize('write', filePath),
-          write: async ({ data, sourceOffset, length, first }) => {
-            const chunkEnd = sourceOffset + length;
-            const deviceProgress = getProtocolV2DeviceTransferProgress(
-              processedSize + sourceOffset,
-              processedSize + chunkEnd,
-              totalSize
-            );
-            const response = await this.fileWriteChunk(
-              filePath,
-              source.size,
-              sourceOffset,
-              data,
-              first,
-              deviceProgress
-            );
-            const rawProcessedByte = response.message.processed_byte;
-            const nextOffset = rawProcessedByte === undefined ? chunkEnd : Number(rawProcessedByte);
-            if (!Number.isFinite(nextOffset) || nextOffset !== chunkEnd) {
-              throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-                HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError,
-                `invalid processed_byte ${rawProcessedByte} for offset ${sourceOffset}`
-              );
-            }
-            const transferredBytes = processedSize + chunkEnd;
-            const elapsedMs = Math.max(Date.now() - transferStartedAt, 0);
-            this.postProgressMessage(
-              Math.min(Math.ceil((transferredBytes / totalSize) * 100), 99),
-              'transferData',
-              {
-                transferredBytes,
-                totalBytes: totalSize,
-                rateBytesPerSecond:
-                  elapsedMs > 0 ? Math.round((chunkEnd / elapsedMs) * 1000) : undefined,
-                elapsedMs,
-              }
-            );
-            return length;
-          },
-        });
-        return processedSize + source.size;
-      } catch (error) {
-        lastError = error;
-        if (attempt < PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT) {
-          await this.recoverProtocolV2FileTransfer();
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-      HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError,
-      `transfer data error: ${getProtocolV2UnknownErrorText(lastError)}`
-    );
+    Log.log(`[FirmwareUpdateV4] DeviceFirmwareUpdateRequest targets=${JSON.stringify(allTargets)}`);
+    await this.protocolV2StartFirmwareUpdate({ targets: allTargets });
+    await this.waitForProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateComplete(allTargets);
   }
 
-  private getProtocolV2InstallItemStagingPath(item: Pick<ProtocolV2InstallItem, 'fileName'>) {
+  private getProtocolV2InstallItemStagingPath(item: ProtocolV2InstallItem) {
     return `${PROTOCOL_V2_FIRMWARE_STAGING_VOLUME}${item.fileName}`;
   }
 
@@ -1966,8 +1350,7 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
 
   private assertProtocolV2TargetStatus(
     statusTargets: ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget[],
-    expectedTargetIds: Set<number>,
-    expectedPaths = new Map<number, string>()
+    expectedTargetIds: Set<number>
   ) {
     Log.log(
       `[FirmwareUpdateV4] DeviceFirmwareUpdateStatus records=${JSON.stringify(statusTargets)}`
@@ -1998,57 +1381,17 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     const matchingTargets = statusTargets.filter(target =>
       expectedTargetIds.has(normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id) ?? -1)
     );
-    const seenTargetIds = new Set<number>();
-    for (const target of matchingTargets) {
-      const targetId = normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id);
-      if (
-        targetId === undefined ||
-        seenTargetIds.has(targetId) ||
-        (target.path && expectedPaths.get(targetId) && target.path !== expectedPaths.get(targetId))
-      ) {
-        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-          HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-          `Protocol V2 install status conflicts with target ${target.target_id}`,
-          {
-            firmwareUpdateCode: PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_STATUS_CONFLICT_CODE,
-          }
-        );
-      }
-      seenTargetIds.add(targetId);
-    }
-    const completedTargets = matchingTargets.filter(target =>
-      isProtocolV2TargetStatusFinished(target.status)
-    );
     const completedTargetIds = new Set<number>();
-    completedTargets.forEach(target => {
+    matchingTargets.forEach(target => {
       const targetId = normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id);
-      if (targetId !== undefined) {
+      if (targetId !== undefined && isProtocolV2TargetStatusFinished(target.status)) {
         completedTargetIds.add(targetId);
       }
     });
-    if (completedTargetIds.size === expectedTargetIds.size && expectedTargetIds.size > 0) {
-      for (const target of completedTargets) {
-        const targetId = normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id);
-        const payloadVersion = toProtocolV2FiniteNumber(target.payload_version);
-        if (targetId === undefined) {
-          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-            HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-            'Protocol V2 completed target identity is invalid'
-          );
-        }
-        const expectedVersion = this.getExpectedProtocolV2TargetVersion(targetId);
-        if (expectedVersion !== undefined && payloadVersion !== undefined) {
-          if (payloadVersion !== expectedVersion) {
-            throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-              HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareVerificationFailed,
-              `Protocol V2 target ${targetId} reached payload version ${payloadVersion}, expected ${expectedVersion}`
-            );
-          }
-        }
-        if (payloadVersion !== undefined) {
-          this.protocolV2CompletedTargetVersions.set(targetId, payloadVersion);
-        }
-      }
+    const allExpectedTargetsCompleted =
+      expectedTargetIds.size > 0 &&
+      Array.from(expectedTargetIds).every(targetId => completedTargetIds.has(targetId));
+    if (allExpectedTargetsCompleted) {
       this.postProgressMessage(100, 'installingFirmware');
       return true;
     }
@@ -2086,9 +1429,7 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
   private async waitForProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateComplete(
     targets: Array<{ target_id: number; path: string }>
   ) {
-    this.protocolV2FinalStatusVerified = false;
     const expectedTargetIds = new Set(targets.map(target => target.target_id));
-    const expectedPaths = new Map(targets.map(target => [target.target_id, target.path]));
     const startTime = Date.now();
     let lastError: unknown;
     let shouldReconnect = true;
@@ -2123,8 +1464,7 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
           );
           const statusTargets = (statusResponse.message.records ??
             []) as ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget[];
-          if (this.assertProtocolV2TargetStatus(statusTargets, expectedTargetIds, expectedPaths)) {
-            this.protocolV2FinalStatusVerified = true;
+          if (this.assertProtocolV2TargetStatus(statusTargets, expectedTargetIds)) {
             return;
           }
 
@@ -2172,7 +1512,10 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
             lastError = new Error('Protocol V2 firmware targets are still installing');
           }
         } catch (error) {
-          if (isProtocolV2TerminalInstallStatusError(error)) {
+          if (
+            error instanceof HardwareError &&
+            error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareError
+          ) {
             throw error;
           }
           // Only consecutive full status dumps can prove that a record is absent.
@@ -2212,13 +1555,7 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
         if (this.isProtocolV2ReconnectIdentityError(error)) {
           throw error;
         }
-        if (isProtocolV2TerminalInstallStatusError(error)) {
-          throw error;
-        }
-        if (
-          error instanceof HardwareError &&
-          error.params?.firmwareUpdateCode === 'FirmwareInstallStatusUnavailable'
-        ) {
+        if (error instanceof HardwareError && error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareError) {
           throw error;
         }
         shouldReconnect = true;
@@ -2249,7 +1586,6 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       Log.log('[FirmwareUpdateV4] unable to confirm App mode before Normal reboot: ', error);
     }
     await this.protocolV2Reboot(DeviceRebootType.Normal);
-    this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = false;
   }
 
   private async probeProtocolV2NormalMode(deviceInfo: ProtocolV2DeviceInfo) {
@@ -2272,7 +1608,6 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     const bootloaderVersion = getDeviceBootloaderVersion(features).join('.');
     const bleVersion = getDeviceBLEFirmwareVersion(features).join('.');
     const firmwareVersion = getDeviceFirmwareVersion(features).join('.');
-    this.protocolV2LatestFinalFeatures = features;
     if (firmwareVersion === '0.0.0') {
       Log.warn(
         'Protocol V2 firmware update finished but app firmware version is still 0.0.0. This is allowed for Pro2 debug BLE-only update flows.'
@@ -2286,17 +1621,6 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     };
   }
 
-  private async completeProtocolV2FinalVerification() {
-    if (this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader || this.isProtocolV2BootloaderMode()) {
-      await this.exitProtocolV2BootloaderToNormal();
-    }
-    const versions = await this.waitForProtocolV2FinalFeatures();
-    this.assertExpectedProtocolV2Versions();
-    this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.FirmwareUpdateCompleted);
-    DevicePool.resetState();
-    return versions;
-  }
-
   private async waitForProtocolV2ReconnectAndFeatures(timeout: number) {
     const startTime = Date.now();
     let lastError: unknown;
@@ -2418,50 +1742,194 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
   }
 
   private isProtocolV2ReconnectIdentityError(error: unknown) {
-    // A serial can be temporarily unavailable while Loader starts, and BLE has no stable path.
-    // Keep polling unless the device explicitly reports a different serial.
+    // 序列号在 Loader 刚启动时可能暂时不可用，BLE descriptor 也没有稳定的
+    // path。此时应继续轮询，只有明确读到不同序列号时才立即终止更新。
     return this.normalizeErrorMessage(error).includes(
       'Protocol V2 reconnect physical identity mismatch'
     );
   }
 
-  private async fileWriteChunk(
+  private async protocolV2CommonUpdateProcess(params: ProtocolV2FileTransferParams) {
+    let lastError: unknown;
+    let confirmedFileOffset = 0;
+    const progressReportState: ProtocolV2ProgressReportState = {};
+    const updateConfirmedFileOffset = (offset: number) => {
+      confirmedFileOffset = offset;
+    };
+    for (let attempt = 1; attempt <= PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT; attempt += 1) {
+      try {
+        return await this.protocolV2WriteWholeFile(
+          params,
+          confirmedFileOffset,
+          updateConfirmedFileOffset,
+          progressReportState
+        );
+      } catch (error) {
+        lastError = error;
+        Log.error(
+          `Protocol V2 file transfer failed path=${params.filePath} attempt=${attempt}/${PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT} confirmedOffset=${confirmedFileOffset}`,
+          error
+        );
+        if (attempt === PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT) {
+          break;
+        }
+        await this.recoverProtocolV2FileTransfer();
+        confirmedFileOffset = await this.getProtocolV2ResumeOffset(
+          params.filePath,
+          confirmedFileOffset,
+          params.payload.byteLength
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+      HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError,
+      `transfer data error: ${getProtocolV2UnknownErrorText(lastError)}`
+    );
+  }
+
+  private async getProtocolV2ResumeOffset(
     filePath: string,
-    totalFileSize: number,
-    offset: number,
-    chunk: ArrayBuffer | Buffer,
-    overwrite: boolean,
-    progress: number | null
-  ): Promise<TypedResponseMessage<'FilesystemFile'>> {
-    const typedCall = this.device.getCommands().typedCall.bind(this.device.getCommands());
-    const writeRes = await typedCall(
-      'FilesystemFileWrite',
-      'FilesystemFile',
-      {
-        file: {
-          path: filePath,
-          offset,
-          total_size: totalFileSize,
-          data: chunk,
-        },
-        overwrite,
+    confirmedFileOffset: number,
+    totalSize: number
+  ) {
+    if (confirmedFileOffset <= 0) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      const response = await this.device
+        .getCommands()
+        .typedCall(
+          'FilesystemPathInfoQuery',
+          'FilesystemPathInfo',
+          { path: filePath },
+          { timeoutMs: PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT }
+        );
+      const remoteSize = toProtocolV2FiniteNumber(response.message?.size);
+      const canResume =
+        response.message?.exist &&
+        !response.message?.directory &&
+        remoteSize !== undefined &&
+        Number.isSafeInteger(remoteSize) &&
+        remoteSize >= confirmedFileOffset &&
+        remoteSize <= totalSize;
+      if (canResume) {
+        Log.log(
+          `Protocol V2 file transfer resuming path=${filePath} confirmedOffset=${confirmedFileOffset} remoteSize=${remoteSize}`
+        );
+        return confirmedFileOffset;
+      }
+      Log.warn(
+        `Protocol V2 file transfer cannot resume path=${filePath} confirmedOffset=${confirmedFileOffset} remoteSize=${
+          remoteSize ?? 'unknown'
+        } exist=${!!response.message?.exist} directory=${!!response.message
+          ?.directory}; restarting from offset 0`
+      );
+    } catch (error) {
+      Log.warn(
+        `Protocol V2 file transfer staging state query failed path=${filePath}; restarting from offset 0`,
+        error
+      );
+    }
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  private async protocolV2WriteWholeFile(
+    {
+      payload,
+      filePath,
+      processedSize,
+      totalSize,
+      onTransferredBytes,
+    }: ProtocolV2FileTransferParams,
+    resumeOffset?: number,
+    onConfirmedFileOffset?: (confirmedFileOffset: number) => void,
+    progressReportState?: ProtocolV2ProgressReportState
+  ) {
+    const chunkSize = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize(filePath);
+    const reportState = progressReportState ?? {};
+    const normalizedResumeOffset =
+      resumeOffset !== undefined && Number.isSafeInteger(resumeOffset) && resumeOffset > 0
+        ? Math.min(resumeOffset, payload.byteLength)
+        : 0;
+    const remainingPayload = payload.slice(normalizedResumeOffset);
+    const getUploadProgress = (fileOffset: number) => {
+      if (totalSize !== undefined && processedSize !== undefined) {
+        return Math.min(Math.ceil(((processedSize + fileOffset) / totalSize) * 100), 99);
+      }
+      return Math.min(Math.ceil((fileOffset / payload.byteLength) * 100), 99);
+    };
+
+    try {
+      await writeProtocolV2File({
+        commands: this.device.getCommands(),
+        path: filePath,
+        data: remainingPayload,
+        offset: normalizedResumeOffset,
+        totalSize: payload.byteLength,
+        chunkSize,
+        chunkSizeLimit: chunkSize,
+        overwrite: normalizedResumeOffset === 0,
         append: false,
-        ui_percentage: progress ?? undefined,
-      },
-      {
         writeWithResponse: false,
-        onWriteCompleted: () => undefined,
-      }
-    );
-    if (writeRes.type !== 'FilesystemFile') {
-      if ((writeRes as any).type === 'CallMethodError') {
-        if (((writeRes as any).message.error ?? '').indexOf(SESSION_ERROR) > -1) {
-          throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError, SESSION_ERROR);
-        }
+        maxChunkRetries: 3,
+        getUiPercentage: ({ offset, chunkLength }) =>
+          getProtocolV2DeviceTransferProgress(
+            (processedSize ?? 0) + offset,
+            (processedSize ?? 0) + offset + chunkLength,
+            totalSize ?? payload.byteLength
+          ),
+        onProgress: progress => {
+          const confirmedFileOffset = normalizedResumeOffset + progress.transferredBytes;
+          const transferredBytes = (processedSize ?? 0) + confirmedFileOffset;
+          onConfirmedFileOffset?.(confirmedFileOffset);
+          onTransferredBytes?.(transferredBytes);
+          const uploadProgress = getUploadProgress(confirmedFileOffset);
+          const now = Date.now();
+          const shouldReportProgress =
+            uploadProgress !== reportState.lastProgress ||
+            reportState.lastReportedAt === undefined ||
+            now - reportState.lastReportedAt >= PROTOCOL_V2_PROGRESS_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL ||
+            confirmedFileOffset >= payload.byteLength;
+          if (shouldReportProgress) {
+            this.postProgressMessage(uploadProgress, 'transferData', {
+              transferredBytes,
+              totalBytes: totalSize ?? payload.byteLength,
+              rateBytesPerSecond: progress.rateBytesPerSecond,
+              elapsedMs: progress.elapsedMs,
+            });
+            reportState.lastProgress = uploadProgress;
+            reportState.lastReportedAt = now;
+          }
+        },
+      });
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (
+        error instanceof HardwareError &&
+        error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError &&
+        error.message.includes('FilesystemFileWrite')
+      ) {
+        throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError, error.message);
       }
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError, 'transfer data error');
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    return totalSize !== undefined ? (processedSize ?? 0) + payload.byteLength : 0;
+  }
+
+  private getProtocolV2FirmwareTransferTransport() {
+    const env = DataManager.getSettings('env');
+    if (env && DataManager.isBleConnect(env)) {
+      return 'BLE';
+    }
+    if (
+      env &&
+      (DataManager.isBrowserWebUsb(env) || DataManager.isDesktopWebUsb(env) || env === 'web')
+    ) {
+      return 'WebUSB';
     }
-    return writeRes;
+    return env ?? 'unknown';
   }
 
   private async recoverProtocolV2FileTransfer() {