@onekeyfe/hd-core 1.2.0-alpha.66 → 1.2.0-alpha.67

package/src/api/FirmwareUpdateV4.ts

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ import { EDeviceType, ERRORS, HardwareError, HardwareErrorCode, wait } from '@on
 import {
   DeviceRebootType,
   PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE,
+  PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_READ_CHUNK_SIZE,
   PROTOCOL_V2_WEBUSB_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE,
 } from '@onekeyfe/hd-transport';
 import { sha256 } from '@noble/hashes/sha256';
 
 import { FirmwareUpdateTipMessage, UI_REQUEST } from '../events/ui-request';
 import { validateProtocolV2FilesystemPath } from './helpers/filesystemValidation';
-import { writeProtocolV2File } from './helpers/protocolV2FileWrite';
 import { validateParams } from './helpers/paramsValidator';
 import {
   LoggerNames,
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
   getLogger,
 } from '../utils';
 import { getSysResourceBinary } from './firmware/getBinary';
+import { normalizeFirmwarePreparationError } from './firmware/FirmwarePreparationError';
 import { DataManager } from '../data-manager';
 import { FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod } from './firmware/FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod';
 import { DevicePool } from '../device/DevicePool';
@@ -27,40 +28,41 @@ import {
   ProtocolV2FirmwareTargetType,
 } from '../protocols/protocol-v2';
 import { requestProtocolV2DeviceInfo } from '../protocols/protocol-v2/features';
-import {
-  PROTOCOL_V2_RESOURCE_DEVICE_PATHS,
-  buildProtocolV2ResourceUpdatePlan,
-  isProtocolV2ResourceFileValid,
-  readProtocolV2ResourceInventory,
-} from '../protocols/protocol-v2/resources';
 import {
   getProtocolV2UnknownErrorText,
   isProtocolV2DeviceDisconnectedError,
 } from './protocol-v2/helpers';
+import { openFirmwareByteSource, writeFirmwareByteSource } from './firmware/FirmwareArtifactSource';
+import { resolveFirmwareUpdateHostBinding } from './firmware/FirmwareHostBinding';
+import {
+  assertFirmwareUpdatePreparedPlanBinding,
+  assertFirmwareUpdatePreparedPlanDeviceIdentity,
+} from './firmware/FirmwareUpdatePreparedPlan';
 
-import type { FirmwareUpdateV4Params, FirmwareUpdateV4Target } from '../types/api/firmwareUpdate';
+import type {
+  FirmwareArtifactReference,
+  FirmwareUpdateV4Params,
+  FirmwareUpdateV4Target,
+} from '../types/api/firmwareUpdate';
 import type { EFirmwareType } from '@onekeyfe/hd-shared';
 import type { ProtocolV2DeviceInfo } from '@onekeyfe/hd-transport';
-import type { PROTO } from '../constants';
 import type { TypedResponseMessage } from '../device/DeviceCommands';
 import type {
   Features,
   IFirmwareReleaseInfo,
   IProtocolV2FirmwareComponent,
-  IProtocolV2Resource,
-  IProtocolV2ResourceFile,
   IVersionArray,
 } from '../types';
+import type { FirmwareByteSource } from './firmware/FirmwareArtifactSource';
 
 const Log = getLogger(LoggerNames.Method);
 
-const PROTOCOL_V2_BOOTLOADER_RECONNECT_TIMEOUT = 90 * 1000;
-const PROTOCOL_V2_FINAL_RECONNECT_TIMEOUT = 3 * 60 * 1000;
+const SESSION_ERROR = 'session not found';
+const PROTOCOL_V2_BOOTLOADER_RECONNECT_TIMEOUT = 60 * 1000;
+const PROTOCOL_V2_FINAL_RECONNECT_TIMEOUT = 2 * 60 * 1000;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT = 5 * 1000;
-const PROTOCOL_V2_FIRMWARE_STATUS_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT = 15 * 1000;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_START_UPDATE_TIMEOUT = 3 * 60 * 1000;
-const PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_TIMEOUT = 8 * 60 * 1000;
-const PROTOCOL_V2_MISSING_TARGET_STATUS_GRACE_TIMEOUT = 30 * 1000;
+const PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_TIMEOUT = 5 * 60 * 1000;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_TARGET_STATUS_PENDING = 0;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_TARGET_STATUS_IN_PROGRESS = 1;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_TARGET_STATUS_FINISHED = 2;
@@ -71,8 +73,9 @@ const PROTOCOL_V2_MIN_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE = 64;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_CONNECT_RETRY_COUNT = 10;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_CONNECT_POLL_INTERVAL = 500;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_CONNECT_SINGLE_TIMEOUT = 75 * 1000;
-const PROTOCOL_V2_DEVICE_INFO_READY_TIMEOUT = 30 * 1000;
+const PROTOCOL_V2_DEVICE_INFO_READY_TIMEOUT = 60 * 1000;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT = 3;
+const PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_STATUS_CONFLICT_CODE = 'FirmwareInstallStatusConflict';
 const PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE = 0x52a0;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_PAYLOAD_HASH_OFFSET = 0x200;
 const PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_HASH_OFFSET = 0x240;
@@ -95,11 +98,6 @@ const getProtocolV2DeviceTransferProgress = (
   return Math.min(Math.max(Math.ceil((bytesAfterChunk / totalBytes) * 100), 1), 99);
 };
 
-const formatProtocolV2TransferSpeed = (bytes: number, elapsedMs: number) => {
-  const safeElapsedMs = Math.max(elapsedMs, 1);
-  return (bytes / 1024 / (safeElapsedMs / 1000)).toFixed(2);
-};
-
 type ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget = {
   target_id: number | string;
   status?: number | string;
@@ -113,22 +111,16 @@ type ProtocolV2TargetBinary = { fileName: string; binary: ArrayBuffer; targetId:
 type ProtocolV2InstallItem = ProtocolV2TargetBinary & {
   kind: ProtocolV2RemoteComponentTarget['kind'];
 };
-type ProtocolV2InstallTarget = ProtocolV2InstallItem & {
-  path: string;
-};
-
-type ProtocolV2FileTransferParams = PROTO.FirmwareUpload & {
-  filePath: string;
-  processedSize?: number;
-  totalSize?: number;
-  onTransferredBytes?: (transferredBytes: number) => void;
-};
-
-/** Protocol V2 resource file written independently to devicePath through FileWrite. */
+/** RESC bundle okpkg written independently to devicePath through FileWrite. */
 type ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary = {
   name: string;
   binary: ArrayBuffer;
   devicePath: string;
+  /** Download URL for remote-config mode; omitted in manual mode. */
+  url?: string;
+  version?: IVersionArray;
+  payloadHash?: string;
+  headerHash?: string;
 };
 
 type ProtocolV2RemoteComponentBinary = ProtocolV2RemoteComponentTarget & {
@@ -141,6 +133,35 @@ type ProtocolV2RemoteComponentTarget = {
   kind: 'bootloader' | 'firmware';
 };
 
+type ProtocolV2InstallSource = {
+  fileName: string;
+  source: FirmwareByteSource;
+  targetId: number;
+  kind: ProtocolV2RemoteComponentTarget['kind'];
+};
+
+type ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource = {
+  name: string;
+  source: FirmwareByteSource;
+  devicePath: string;
+  version?: IVersionArray;
+  payloadHash?: string;
+  headerHash?: string;
+};
+
+type ProtocolV2ExecutionPhaseKind =
+  | 'resource-sync'
+  | 'bootloader-install'
+  | 'bootloader-verify'
+  | 'component-install'
+  | 'final-verify';
+
+type ProtocolV2ExecutionPhase = {
+  kind: ProtocolV2ExecutionPhaseKind;
+  installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[];
+  resourceSources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[];
+};
+
 type ProtocolV2OkppHeader = {
   type: string;
   version: IVersionArray;
@@ -243,6 +264,12 @@ const isProtocolV2FirmwareStatusEndpointUnavailable = (error: unknown) => {
   );
 };
 
+const isProtocolV2TerminalInstallStatusError = (error: unknown) =>
+  error instanceof HardwareError &&
+  (error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareError ||
+    error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareVerificationFailed ||
+    error.params?.firmwareUpdateCode === PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_STATUS_CONFLICT_CODE);
+
 const isProtocolV2TargetStatusFinished = (status: ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget['status']) =>
   normalizeProtocolV2TargetStatus(status) === PROTOCOL_V2_TARGET_STATUS_FINISHED;
 
@@ -280,6 +307,18 @@ const normalizeProtocolV2TargetStatus = (
 
 const normalizeProtocolV2Hex = (value?: string) => value?.replace(/^0x/i, '').toLowerCase();
 
+const versionArrayToNumber = (version?: IVersionArray) => {
+  if (!version) return undefined;
+  return version[0] * 0x10000 + version[1] * 0x100 + version[2];
+};
+
+const compareProtocolV2Versions = (current?: IVersionArray, target?: IVersionArray) => {
+  const currentNumber = versionArrayToNumber(current);
+  const targetNumber = versionArrayToNumber(target);
+  if (currentNumber === undefined || targetNumber === undefined) return undefined;
+  return currentNumber - targetNumber;
+};
+
 const bytesToHex = (bytes: Uint8Array) =>
   Array.from(bytes)
     .map(byte => byte.toString(16).padStart(2, '0'))
@@ -370,30 +409,20 @@ export const isProtocolV2FirmwareFingerprintValid = (
 
 export const assertProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity = (
   expectedSerialNumber?: string,
-  actualSerialNumber?: string,
-  expectedPath?: string,
-  actualPath?: string
+  actualSerialNumber?: string
 ) => {
-  if (expectedSerialNumber && actualSerialNumber) {
-    if (actualSerialNumber !== expectedSerialNumber) {
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-        HardwareErrorCode.DeviceNotFound,
-        `Protocol V2 reconnect physical identity mismatch: expected ${expectedSerialNumber}, received ${actualSerialNumber}`
-      );
-    }
-    return;
+  if (!expectedSerialNumber || !actualSerialNumber) {
+    throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+      HardwareErrorCode.DeviceNotFound,
+      'Protocol V2 reconnect physical identity is unavailable'
+    );
   }
-
-  if (expectedPath && actualPath && expectedPath === actualPath) {
-    return;
+  if (actualSerialNumber !== expectedSerialNumber) {
+    throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+      HardwareErrorCode.DeviceNotFound,
+      `Protocol V2 reconnect physical identity mismatch: expected ${expectedSerialNumber}, received ${actualSerialNumber}`
+    );
   }
-
-  throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-    HardwareErrorCode.DeviceNotFound,
-    `Protocol V2 reconnect physical identity unavailable: expected path ${
-      expectedPath ?? 'unknown'
-    }, received ${actualPath ?? 'unknown'}`
-  );
 };
 
 /**
@@ -407,12 +436,20 @@ export const assertProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity = (
 export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareUpdateV4Params> {
   private protocolV2ExpectedSerialNumber?: string;
 
-  private protocolV2ExpectedPath?: string;
-
   getSupportedProtocols() {
     return ['V2'] as const;
   }
 
+  private protocolV2PreparedSources: FirmwareByteSource[] = [];
+
+  private protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = false;
+
+  private protocolV2CompletedTargetVersions = new Map<number, number>();
+
+  private protocolV2LatestFinalFeatures?: Features;
+
+  private protocolV2FinalStatusVerified = false;
+
   init() {
     this.allowDeviceMode = [UI_REQUEST.BOOTLOADER, UI_REQUEST.NOT_INITIALIZE];
     this.requireDeviceMode = [];
@@ -450,10 +487,62 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       { name: 'firmwareType', type: 'string' },
       { name: 'targetsToUpdate', type: 'array', allowEmpty: true },
       { name: 'platform', type: 'string' },
-      { name: 'resourceFiles', type: 'array', allowEmpty: true },
+      { name: 'expectedDeviceId', type: 'string' },
+      { name: 'resourceBundleFiles', type: 'array', allowEmpty: true },
     ]);
+    if (
+      payload.expectedDeviceId !== undefined &&
+      (payload.expectedDeviceId.length === 0 || payload.expectedDeviceId.length > 160)
+    ) {
+      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+        HardwareErrorCode.CallMethodInvalidParameter,
+        'Protocol V2 expected device identity is invalid'
+      );
+    }
+    const hostBinding =
+      payload.preparedPlan || payload.componentArtifacts || payload.resourceBundleArtifacts
+        ? resolveFirmwareUpdateHostBinding(payload.hostBindingGeneration)
+        : undefined;
+    if (hostBinding) {
+      assertFirmwareUpdatePreparedPlanBinding({
+        preparedPlan: payload.preparedPlan,
+        executor: 'v4',
+        platform: payload.platform,
+        scopeTargets: [
+          'boot',
+          'app_v1',
+          'app_v2',
+          'coprocessor',
+          'resource',
+          'se01',
+          'se02',
+          'se03',
+          'se04',
+        ],
+        bindings: [
+          ...Object.entries(payload.componentArtifacts ?? {}).flatMap(([target, artifact]) =>
+            artifact
+              ? [
+                  {
+                    target: target as Exclude<FirmwareUpdateV4Target, 'resource'>,
+                    artifact,
+                  },
+                ]
+              : []
+          ),
+          ...(payload.resourceBundleArtifacts ?? []).map(
+            (entry: { name: string; artifact: FirmwareArtifactReference }) => ({
+              target: 'resource' as const,
+              logicalName: entry.name,
+              artifact: entry.artifact,
+            })
+          ),
+        ],
+      });
+    }
 
     this.params = {
+      preparedPlan: payload.preparedPlan,
       chunkSize: payload.chunkSize,
       forcedUpdateRes: payload.forcedUpdateRes,
       bootloaderBinary: payload.bootloaderBinary,
@@ -465,20 +554,28 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       se02Binary: payload.se02Binary,
       se03Binary: payload.se03Binary,
       se04Binary: payload.se04Binary,
-      resourceFiles: payload.resourceFiles,
+      resourceBundleFiles: payload.resourceBundleFiles,
       firmwareType: payload.firmwareType,
       targetsToUpdate: payload.targetsToUpdate,
+      expectedTargetVersions: payload.expectedTargetVersions,
       platform: payload.platform,
+      expectedDeviceId: payload.expectedDeviceId,
+      artifactReader: hostBinding?.artifactReader ?? payload.artifactReader,
+      componentArtifacts: payload.componentArtifacts,
+      resourceBundleArtifacts: payload.resourceBundleArtifacts,
     };
   }
 
-  private getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize() {
+  private getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize(direction: 'read' | 'write' = 'write') {
     const payloadChunkSize = Number(this.params?.chunkSize);
     const env = DataManager.getSettings('env');
     const isBle = this.params?.platform === 'native' || (env && DataManager.isBleConnect(env));
     let maxChunkSize = PROTOCOL_V2_WEBUSB_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
     if (isBle) {
-      maxChunkSize = PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
+      maxChunkSize =
+        direction === 'read'
+          ? PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_READ_CHUNK_SIZE
+          : PROTOCOL_V2_BLE_FILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
     }
     if (!Number.isFinite(payloadChunkSize) || payloadChunkSize <= 0) {
       return maxChunkSize;
@@ -499,8 +596,14 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     const deviceFeatures = await this.getProtocolV2DeviceFeatures();
     const deviceFirmwareType = getFirmwareType(deviceFeatures);
     const firmwareType = this.params.firmwareType ?? deviceFirmwareType;
-    const needsRemoteResources =
-      !this.params.resourceFiles?.length && !!this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('resource');
+    this.validateExpectedTargetVersions();
+
+    if (
+      (this.params.componentArtifacts && Object.keys(this.params.componentArtifacts).length > 0) ||
+      this.params.resourceBundleArtifacts?.length
+    ) {
+      return this.runProtocolV2PreparedArtifacts(deviceFeatures, firmwareType);
+    }
 
     let fwBinaryMap: ProtocolV2TargetBinary[] = [];
     let bootloaderBinary: ArrayBuffer | null = null;
@@ -508,18 +611,21 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     let resourceBundles: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[] | undefined;
     try {
       this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.StartDownloadFirmware);
-      resourceBundles = this.prepareExplicitProtocolV2ResourceFiles();
       fwBinaryMap = this.collectExplicitTargetBinaries();
       bootloaderBinary = this.prepareBootloaderBinary();
-      const needsRemoteFirmware = !this.hasExplicitProtocolV2Payload(fwBinaryMap);
-      const needsRemoteBootResources = !!this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('boot_resources');
-      if (needsRemoteFirmware || needsRemoteResources || needsRemoteBootResources) {
-        // Remote updates must use a freshly fetched config before any reboot or file write.
-        await DataManager.forceReloadData({
-          requireResources: needsRemoteResources || needsRemoteBootResources,
-        });
-      }
-      if (needsRemoteFirmware) {
+      if (!this.hasExplicitProtocolV2Payload(fwBinaryMap)) {
+        if (
+          this.params.artifactReader ||
+          DataManager.getSettings('firmwareManifestMode') === 'external-only'
+        ) {
+          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+            HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+            'Protocol V2 firmware artifacts must be prepared by the external firmware host',
+            {
+              firmwareUpdateCode: 'FirmwareArtifactsNotPrepared',
+            }
+          );
+        }
         const remoteBinaries = await this.prepareRemoteProtocolV2Binaries(
           firmwareType,
           deviceFeatures
@@ -528,70 +634,308 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
         fwBinaryMap = remoteBinaries.fwBinaryMap;
         installItems = remoteBinaries.installItems;
       }
-      const bootResourceFiles = await this.prepareProtocolV2BootResources();
-      if (bootResourceFiles?.length) {
-        resourceBundles = [...(resourceBundles ?? []), ...bootResourceFiles];
-      }
-      if (!needsRemoteResources) {
-        this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.FinishDownloadFirmware);
-      }
+      const resourceDescriptors = this.prepareProtocolV2ResourceBundles(
+        firmwareType,
+        deviceFeatures
+      );
+      resourceBundles = resourceDescriptors?.length
+        ? await this.materializeProtocolV2ResourceBundles(resourceDescriptors)
+        : undefined;
+      this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.FinishDownloadFirmware);
     } catch (err) {
-      if (err instanceof HardwareError && err.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.NetworkError) {
-        throw err;
-      }
-      throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareUpdateDownloadFailed, err.message ?? err);
+      throw normalizeFirmwarePreparationError(err);
     }
 
-    if (
-      !bootloaderBinary &&
-      fwBinaryMap.length === 0 &&
-      !installItems?.length &&
-      !resourceBundles?.length &&
-      !needsRemoteResources
-    ) {
+    if (!bootloaderBinary && fwBinaryMap.length === 0 && !resourceBundles?.length) {
       throw ERRORS.TypedError(
         HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareUpdateDownloadFailed,
         'No firmware to update'
       );
     }
 
-    const enteredBootloader = await this.enterProtocolV2BootloaderMode();
-
-    if (needsRemoteResources) {
-      try {
-        const stableResources = await this.prepareProtocolV2ResourceBundles();
-        resourceBundles = [...(resourceBundles ?? []), ...(stableResources ?? [])];
-        this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.FinishDownloadFirmware);
-      } catch (err) {
-        if (enteredBootloader) {
-          try {
-            await this.exitProtocolV2BootloaderToNormal();
-          } catch (restoreError) {
-            Log.warn(
-              '[FirmwareUpdateV4] failed to restore App mode after resource preparation error:',
-              restoreError
-            );
-          }
-        }
-        throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareUpdateDownloadFailed, err.message ?? err);
-      }
-    }
-
-    await this.executeProtocolV2Update({
+    return this.executeProtocolV2Update({
       fwBinaryMap,
       bootloaderBinary,
       ...(installItems ? { installItems } : undefined),
       ...(resourceBundles?.length ? { resourceBundles } : undefined),
     });
+  }
 
-    this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.SwitchFirmwareReconnectDevice);
-    await this.exitProtocolV2BootloaderToNormal();
+  private async openProtocolV2PreparedSource(artifact: FirmwareArtifactReference) {
+    const source = await openFirmwareByteSource({
+      artifact,
+      reader: this.params.artifactReader,
+    });
+    if (!source) {
+      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+        `Firmware artifact ${artifact.artifactRef} is not prepared`,
+        {
+          firmwareUpdateCode: 'FirmwareArtifactsNotPrepared',
+        }
+      );
+    }
+    this.protocolV2PreparedSources.push(source);
+    return source;
+  }
 
-    const versions = await this.waitForProtocolV2FinalFeatures();
-    this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.FirmwareUpdateCompleted);
-    DevicePool.resetState();
+  private async openProtocolV2MemorySource(binary: ArrayBuffer) {
+    const source = await openFirmwareByteSource({ binary });
+    if (!source) {
+      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+        'Protocol V2 firmware binary is empty'
+      );
+    }
+    this.protocolV2PreparedSources.push(source);
+    return source;
+  }
 
-    return versions;
+  private async closeProtocolV2PreparedSources() {
+    const sources = this.protocolV2PreparedSources.splice(0);
+    await Promise.all(sources.map(source => source.close().catch(() => undefined)));
+  }
+
+  private async prepareProtocolV2InstallSources(
+    firmwareType: EFirmwareType,
+    features: Features
+  ): Promise<ProtocolV2InstallSource[]> {
+    const release = DataManager.getFirmwareLatestRelease(features, firmwareType);
+    if (!release) {
+      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+        'Protocol V2 firmware release is unavailable'
+      );
+    }
+    const componentArtifacts = this.params.componentArtifacts ?? {};
+    const requestedTargets = new Set(
+      this.params.targetsToUpdate ?? (Object.keys(componentArtifacts) as FirmwareUpdateV4Target[])
+    );
+    const installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[] = [];
+    const preparedTargets = new Set<FirmwareUpdateV4Target>();
+
+    for (const [key, component] of this.getRemoteComponentEntries(release)) {
+      const target = this.getRemoteComponentTarget(key, component);
+      const updateTarget = PROTOCOL_V2_UPDATE_TARGET_BY_TARGET_ID.get(target.targetId);
+      if (updateTarget && updateTarget !== 'resource' && requestedTargets.has(updateTarget)) {
+        const artifact = componentArtifacts[updateTarget];
+        if (!artifact) {
+          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+            HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+            `Protocol V2 ${updateTarget} artifact is not prepared`,
+            {
+              firmwareUpdateCode: 'FirmwareArtifactsNotPrepared',
+              artifactName: updateTarget,
+            }
+          );
+        }
+        installSources.push({
+          ...target,
+          source: await this.openProtocolV2PreparedSource(artifact),
+        });
+        preparedTargets.add(updateTarget);
+      }
+    }
+
+    const unknownTarget = Array.from(requestedTargets).find(
+      target => target !== 'resource' && !preparedTargets.has(target)
+    );
+    if (unknownTarget) {
+      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+        `Protocol V2 release does not contain requested target ${unknownTarget}`
+      );
+    }
+    return installSources;
+  }
+
+  private async prepareProtocolV2ResourceSources(
+    firmwareType: EFirmwareType,
+    features: Features
+  ): Promise<ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[]> {
+    const preparedArtifacts = this.params.resourceBundleArtifacts ?? [];
+    const resourceRequested =
+      this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('resource') || preparedArtifacts.length > 0;
+    if (!resourceRequested) {
+      return [];
+    }
+    const release = DataManager.getFirmwareLatestRelease(features, firmwareType);
+    const descriptors = release?.resourceBundles ?? [];
+    const artifactByName = new Map(
+      preparedArtifacts.map(item => [item.name, item.artifact] as const)
+    );
+    const sources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[] = [];
+    for (const descriptor of descriptors) {
+      const artifact = artifactByName.get(descriptor.name);
+      if (!artifact) {
+        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+          HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+          `Protocol V2 resource bundle ${descriptor.name} is not prepared`,
+          {
+            firmwareUpdateCode: 'FirmwareArtifactsNotPrepared',
+            artifactName: descriptor.name,
+          }
+        );
+      }
+      const devicePath = validateProtocolV2FilesystemPath(
+        descriptor.devicePath,
+        'resourceBundles[].devicePath'
+      );
+      sources.push({
+        name: descriptor.name,
+        source: await this.openProtocolV2PreparedSource(artifact),
+        devicePath,
+        version: descriptor.version,
+        payloadHash: descriptor.payloadHash,
+        headerHash: descriptor.headerHash,
+      });
+      artifactByName.delete(descriptor.name);
+    }
+    if (artifactByName.size > 0) {
+      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+        `Protocol V2 release does not contain resource bundle ${artifactByName.keys().next().value}`
+      );
+    }
+    return sources;
+  }
+
+  private async runProtocolV2PreparedArtifacts(features: Features, firmwareType: EFirmwareType) {
+    try {
+      this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.StartDownloadFirmware);
+      const installSources = await this.prepareProtocolV2InstallSources(firmwareType, features);
+      const resourceSources = await this.prepareProtocolV2ResourceSources(firmwareType, features);
+      if (installSources.length === 0 && resourceSources.length === 0) {
+        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+          HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareUpdateDownloadFailed,
+          'No firmware to update'
+        );
+      }
+      this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.FinishDownloadFirmware);
+
+      return await this.executeProtocolV2SourceUpdate({
+        installSources,
+        resourceSources,
+      });
+    } finally {
+      await this.closeProtocolV2PreparedSources();
+    }
+  }
+
+  private validateExpectedTargetVersions() {
+    const expected = this.params.expectedTargetVersions;
+    if (expected === undefined) return;
+    if (typeof expected !== 'object' || expected === null || Array.isArray(expected)) {
+      throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+        HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+        'Protocol V2 expected target versions are invalid'
+      );
+    }
+    for (const [target, version] of Object.entries(expected)) {
+      if (
+        !Array.from(PROTOCOL_V2_UPDATE_TARGET_BY_TARGET_ID.values()).includes(
+          target as FirmwareUpdateV4Target
+        ) ||
+        typeof version !== 'string' ||
+        !/^\d+\.\d+\.\d+(?:[-+][A-Za-z0-9.-]+)?$/u.test(version) ||
+        version.length > 64
+      ) {
+        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+          HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+          'Protocol V2 expected target version is invalid'
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private getExpectedProtocolV2TargetVersion(targetId: number) {
+    const target = PROTOCOL_V2_UPDATE_TARGET_BY_TARGET_ID.get(targetId);
+    const version = target ? this.params?.expectedTargetVersions?.[target] : undefined;
+    if (!version) return undefined;
+    const parts = version.split(/[+-]/u, 1)[0].split('.').map(Number);
+    if (
+      parts.length !== 3 ||
+      parts.some(part => !Number.isSafeInteger(part) || part < 0 || part > 0xff)
+    ) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+    return parts[0] * 0x10000 + parts[1] * 0x100 + parts[2];
+  }
+
+  private assertExpectedProtocolV2Versions(targets?: readonly FirmwareUpdateV4Target[]) {
+    const expected = this.params?.expectedTargetVersions;
+    if (!expected) return;
+    const features = this.protocolV2LatestFinalFeatures;
+    const requestedTargets = this.getProtocolV2RequestedTargets();
+    const applicationTargets = requestedTargets.filter(
+      target => target === 'app_v1' || target === 'app_v2'
+    );
+    const visibleVersions: Partial<Record<FirmwareUpdateV4Target, string>> = {
+      boot: features ? getDeviceBootloaderVersion(features).join('.') : undefined,
+      coprocessor: features ? getDeviceBLEFirmwareVersion(features).join('.') : undefined,
+      se01: features?.se01Version ?? undefined,
+      se02: features?.se02Version ?? undefined,
+      se03: features?.se03Version ?? undefined,
+      se04: features?.se04Version ?? undefined,
+    };
+    if (features && applicationTargets.length === 1) {
+      visibleVersions[applicationTargets[0]] = getDeviceFirmwareVersion(features).join('.');
+    }
+    const expectedEntries = (
+      Object.entries(expected) as Array<[FirmwareUpdateV4Target, string]>
+    ).filter(([target]) => !targets || targets.includes(target));
+    for (const [target, expectedVersion] of expectedEntries) {
+      const targetId = Array.from(PROTOCOL_V2_UPDATE_TARGET_BY_TARGET_ID.entries()).find(
+        ([, mappedTarget]) => mappedTarget === target
+      )?.[0];
+      const statusVersion =
+        targetId === undefined ? undefined : this.protocolV2CompletedTargetVersions.get(targetId);
+      const observedVersion =
+        statusVersion === undefined
+          ? visibleVersions[target]
+          : `${Math.floor(statusVersion / 0x10000) % 0x100}.${
+              Math.floor(statusVersion / 0x100) % 0x100
+            }.${statusVersion % 0x100}`;
+      if (!observedVersion) {
+        if (this.protocolV2FinalStatusVerified) {
+          Log.warn(
+            `Protocol V2 target ${target} has no observable final version; completed target status is authoritative`
+          );
+        } else {
+          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+            HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareVerificationFailed,
+            `Protocol V2 target ${target} has no observable final version after status fallback`
+          );
+        }
+      } else if (observedVersion !== expectedVersion) {
+        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+          HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareVerificationFailed,
+          `Protocol V2 target ${target} reached ${observedVersion}, expected ${expectedVersion}`
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private getProtocolV2RequestedTargets(): FirmwareUpdateV4Target[] {
+    if (this.params.targetsToUpdate?.length) {
+      return [...new Set(this.params.targetsToUpdate)];
+    }
+    const targets = new Set<FirmwareUpdateV4Target>();
+    Object.keys(this.params.componentArtifacts ?? {}).forEach(target =>
+      targets.add(target as FirmwareUpdateV4Target)
+    );
+    if (this.params.resourceBundleArtifacts?.length || this.params.resourceBundleFiles?.length) {
+      targets.add('resource');
+    }
+    if (this.params.bootloaderBinary) targets.add('boot');
+    if (this.params.applicationP1Binary) targets.add('app_v1');
+    if (this.params.applicationP2Binary) targets.add('app_v2');
+    if (this.params.coprocessorBinary) targets.add('coprocessor');
+    if (this.params.se01Binary) targets.add('se01');
+    if (this.params.se02Binary) targets.add('se02');
+    if (this.params.se03Binary) targets.add('se03');
+    if (this.params.se04Binary) targets.add('se04');
+    return Array.from(targets);
   }
 
   private async getProtocolV2DeviceFeatures(): Promise<Features> {
@@ -613,32 +957,31 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
   private assertProtocolV2DeviceInfoIdentity(deviceInfo: ProtocolV2DeviceInfo) {
     assertProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity(
       this.protocolV2ExpectedSerialNumber,
-      this.getProtocolV2SerialNumber(deviceInfo),
-      this.protocolV2ExpectedPath,
-      this.device.originalDescriptor.path
+      this.getProtocolV2SerialNumber(deviceInfo)
     );
   }
 
-  private getProtocolV2DeviceInfoTimeout() {
-    return this.isBleReconnect()
-      ? this.payload.protocolV2DeviceInfoTimeoutMs ?? PROTOCOL_V2_DEVICE_INFO_READY_TIMEOUT
-      : PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT;
-  }
-
   private async requestProtocolV2PhysicalIdentity() {
     return requestProtocolV2DeviceInfo({
       commands: this.device.getCommands(),
-      timeoutMs: this.getProtocolV2DeviceInfoTimeout(),
+      timeoutMs: PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT,
     });
   }
 
   private async captureProtocolV2PhysicalIdentity() {
     const deviceInfo = await this.requestProtocolV2PhysicalIdentity();
     const serialNumber = this.getProtocolV2SerialNumber(deviceInfo);
-    const path = this.device.originalDescriptor.path?.trim() || undefined;
-    assertProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity(serialNumber, serialNumber, path, path);
+    if (this.params?.preparedPlan) {
+      assertFirmwareUpdatePreparedPlanDeviceIdentity({
+        preparedPlan: this.params.preparedPlan,
+        deviceIdentity: serialNumber,
+      });
+    } else if (this.params?.expectedDeviceId) {
+      assertProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity(this.params?.expectedDeviceId, serialNumber);
+    } else {
+      assertProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity(serialNumber, serialNumber);
+    }
     this.protocolV2ExpectedSerialNumber = serialNumber;
-    this.protocolV2ExpectedPath = path;
   }
 
   private async verifyProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity() {
@@ -653,7 +996,7 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
 
   private hasExplicitProtocolV2Payload(fwBinaryMap: ProtocolV2TargetBinary[]) {
     return (
-      !!this.params.resourceFiles?.length ||
+      !!this.params.resourceBundleFiles?.length ||
       !!this.params.bootloaderBinary ||
       fwBinaryMap.length > 0
     );
@@ -716,6 +1059,57 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     return target;
   }
 
+  private getProtocolV2ResourceFilePath(path: string) {
+    if (path.startsWith('vol')) return path;
+    if (path.startsWith('/')) return `vol0:${path}`;
+    return `vol0:/${path}`;
+  }
+
+  private async readProtocolV2DeviceFileHeader(path: string) {
+    const typedCall = this.device.getCommands().typedCall.bind(this.device.getCommands());
+    const filePath = this.getProtocolV2ResourceFilePath(path);
+    const pathInfoRes = await typedCall('FilesystemPathInfoQuery', 'FilesystemPathInfo', {
+      path: filePath,
+    });
+    const fileSize = toProtocolV2FiniteNumber(pathInfoRes.message?.size);
+    if (
+      !pathInfoRes.message?.exist ||
+      pathInfoRes.message?.directory ||
+      fileSize === undefined ||
+      fileSize < PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE
+    ) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    const chunkSize = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize('read');
+    const chunks: Uint8Array[] = [];
+    let offset = 0;
+    while (offset < PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE) {
+      const readLen = Math.min(chunkSize, PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE - offset);
+      const res = await typedCall('FilesystemFileRead', 'FilesystemFile', {
+        file: {
+          path: filePath,
+          offset,
+          total_size: 0,
+        },
+        chunk_len: readLen,
+        ui_percentage: undefined,
+      });
+      const data = toProtocolV2Bytes(res.message?.data);
+      if (data.byteLength === 0) return null;
+      chunks.push(data);
+      offset += data.byteLength;
+    }
+
+    const headerBytes = new Uint8Array(offset);
+    let cursor = 0;
+    chunks.forEach(chunk => {
+      headerBytes.set(chunk, cursor);
+      cursor += chunk.byteLength;
+    });
+    return parseProtocolV2OkppHeader(headerBytes);
+  }
+
   private async downloadRemoteProtocolV2Component(
     key: string,
     component: IProtocolV2FirmwareComponent
@@ -804,159 +1198,155 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     };
   }
 
-  private getProtocolV2DeviceType(): EDeviceType.Pro2 | EDeviceType.Neo {
-    const deviceType = this.device.getCurrentDeviceType();
-    if (deviceType === EDeviceType.Pro2 || deviceType === EDeviceType.Neo) return deviceType;
-    throw new Error(`Unsupported Protocol V2 device type: ${deviceType}`);
-  }
-
-  private async prepareProtocolV2BootResources(): Promise<
-    ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[] | undefined
-  > {
-    if (!this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('boot_resources')) return undefined;
-    const resource = DataManager.getProtocolV2BootResources(this.getProtocolV2DeviceType());
-    if (!resource) throw new Error('Missing Protocol V2 boot resources configuration');
+  // ============================================================
+  // Incremental RESC bundle sync through FileRead and FilesystemFileWrite
+  // ============================================================
 
-    const files: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[] = [];
-    for (const file of resource.files) {
-      Log.log(`[FirmwareUpdateV4] downloading boot resource ${file.devicePath}`);
-      const { binary } = await getSysResourceBinary(file.url);
-      if (!isProtocolV2ResourceFileValid(binary, file)) {
-        throw new Error(`Boot resource file verification failed: ${file.devicePath}`);
-      }
-      files.push({
-        name: file.name ?? file.devicePath.split('/').pop() ?? file.devicePath,
-        binary,
-        devicePath: file.devicePath,
+  /**
+   * Prepare the RESC bundle list.
+   *
+   * Two modes, matching FirmwareUpdateV3 binary-versus-version behavior:
+   * - resourceBundleFiles supplied: use binaries directly without version checks.
+   * - Otherwise load release.resourceBundles from remote config.json; the binaries
+   *   are prefetched before reboot and synchronization skips matching device headers.
+   */
+  private prepareProtocolV2ResourceBundles(
+    firmwareType: EFirmwareType,
+    features: Features
+  ): ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[] | undefined {
+    // Manual binaries are installed directly without comparison.
+    if (this.params.resourceBundleFiles?.length) {
+      return this.params.resourceBundleFiles.map((file, index) => {
+        const devicePath = validateProtocolV2FilesystemPath(
+          file.devicePath,
+          `resourceBundleFiles[${index}].devicePath`
+        );
+        return {
+          name: devicePath.split('/').pop() ?? devicePath,
+          binary: file.binary,
+          devicePath,
+        };
       });
     }
-    return files;
-  }
 
-  private prepareExplicitProtocolV2ResourceFiles(): ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[] | undefined {
-    const files = this.params.resourceFiles ?? [];
-    if (!files?.length) return undefined;
-
-    const prepared = files.map((file, index) => {
-      const devicePath = validateProtocolV2FilesystemPath(
-        file.devicePath,
-        `resourceFiles[${index}].devicePath`
-      );
-      const descriptor = file as typeof file &
-        Pick<Partial<IProtocolV2ResourceFile>, 'size' | 'fileHash'>;
-      if (descriptor.size !== undefined && descriptor.size !== file.binary.byteLength) {
-        throw new Error(`resourceFiles[${index}] size mismatch`);
-      }
-      if (
-        descriptor.fileHash &&
-        !isProtocolV2ResourceFileValid(file.binary, {
-          size: file.binary.byteLength,
-          fileHash: descriptor.fileHash,
-        })
-      ) {
-        throw new Error(`resourceFiles[${index}] SHA-256 mismatch`);
-      }
-      return {
-        name: devicePath.split('/').pop() ?? devicePath,
-        binary: file.binary,
-        devicePath,
-      };
-    });
-    if (new Set(prepared.map(file => file.devicePath)).size !== prepared.length) {
-      throw new Error('resourceFiles contain duplicate devicePath values');
-    }
-    return prepared;
-  }
-
-  private async prepareProtocolV2ResourceBundles(): Promise<
-    ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[] | undefined
-  > {
     if (!this.params.targetsToUpdate?.includes('resource')) {
       return undefined;
     }
 
-    const resources = DataManager.getProtocolV2Resources(this.getProtocolV2DeviceType());
-    if (!resources?.length) {
-      throw new Error('Missing Pro2 stable resource configuration');
-    }
-
-    const inventory = this.params.forcedUpdateRes
-      ? undefined
-      : await readProtocolV2ResourceInventory({
-          commands: this.device.getCommands(),
-          resources,
-          chunkSize: this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize(),
-          timeoutMs: PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT,
-        });
-    const plan = buildProtocolV2ResourceUpdatePlan({
-      resources,
-      inventory,
-      mode: 'bootloader-recovery',
-      forced: this.params.forcedUpdateRes,
-    });
-    Log.log(
-      `[FirmwareUpdateV4] Protocol V2 resource plan mode=bootloader-recovery status=${plan.status} count=${plan.resources.length}`
-    );
-
-    const bundles: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[] = [];
-    for (const resource of plan.resources) {
-      bundles.push(await this.downloadProtocolV2Resource(resource));
+    // Remote-config bundles are downloaded and compared later.
+    const release = DataManager.getFirmwareLatestRelease(features, firmwareType);
+    if (!release?.resourceBundles?.length) return undefined;
+
+    return release.resourceBundles.map((bundle, index) => ({
+      name: bundle.name,
+      binary: new ArrayBuffer(0),
+      devicePath: validateProtocolV2FilesystemPath(
+        bundle.devicePath,
+        `resourceBundles[${index}].devicePath`
+      ),
+      url: bundle.url,
+      version: bundle.version,
+      payloadHash: bundle.payloadHash,
+      headerHash: bundle.headerHash,
+    })) as ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[];
+  }
+
+  private async materializeProtocolV2ResourceBundles(
+    bundles: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[]
+  ): Promise<ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[]> {
+    for (const bundle of bundles) {
+      let { binary } = bundle;
+      let downloadedFromRemote = false;
+      if (binary.byteLength === 0) {
+        if (!bundle.url) {
+          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+            HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareUpdateDownloadFailed,
+            `Missing Protocol V2 RESC bundle binary: ${bundle.name}`
+          );
+        }
+        if (
+          this.params.artifactReader ||
+          DataManager.getSettings('firmwareManifestMode') === 'external-only'
+        ) {
+          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+            HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+            `Firmware resource bundle ${bundle.name} is not prepared`,
+            {
+              firmwareUpdateCode: 'FirmwareArtifactsNotPrepared',
+              artifactName: bundle.name,
+            }
+          );
+        }
+        Log.log(`[FirmwareUpdateV4] downloading remote RESC bundle ${bundle.name}`);
+        ({ binary } = await getSysResourceBinary(bundle.url));
+        bundle.binary = binary;
+        downloadedFromRemote = true;
+      }
+      if (bundle.binary.byteLength === 0) {
+        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+          HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareUpdateDownloadFailed,
+          `Protocol V2 RESC bundle is empty: ${bundle.name}`
+        );
+      }
+      if (downloadedFromRemote) {
+        const header = parseProtocolV2OkppHeader(toProtocolV2Bytes(binary));
+        if (!header || header.type !== 'RESC') {
+          throw new Error(`Invalid Protocol V2 RESC bundle header: ${bundle.name}`);
+        }
+        if (bundle.version && compareProtocolV2Versions(header.version, bundle.version) !== 0) {
+          throw new Error(`Protocol V2 RESC bundle version mismatch: ${bundle.name}`);
+        }
+        const expectedPayloadHash = normalizeProtocolV2Hex(bundle.payloadHash);
+        if (expectedPayloadHash && header.payloadHash !== expectedPayloadHash) {
+          throw new Error(`Protocol V2 RESC bundle payload hash mismatch: ${bundle.name}`);
+        }
+        const expectedHeaderHash = normalizeProtocolV2Hex(bundle.headerHash);
+        if (expectedHeaderHash && header.headerHash !== expectedHeaderHash) {
+          throw new Error(`Protocol V2 RESC bundle header hash mismatch: ${bundle.name}`);
+        }
+      }
     }
     return bundles;
   }
 
-  private async downloadProtocolV2Resource(
-    resource: IProtocolV2Resource
-  ): Promise<ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary> {
-    Log.log(`[FirmwareUpdateV4] downloading Pro2 resource ${resource.type}`);
-    const { binary } = await getSysResourceBinary(resource.url);
-    if (!isProtocolV2ResourceFileValid(binary, resource)) {
-      throw new Error(`Pro2 resource file verification failed: ${resource.type}`);
-    }
-    return {
-      name: `${resource.type}.okpkg`,
-      binary,
-      devicePath: PROTOCOL_V2_RESOURCE_DEVICE_PATHS[resource.type],
-    };
-  }
-
-  private async syncProtocolV2ResourceBundles(
-    bundles: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[],
-    firmwareSize: number
-  ): Promise<{ processedSize: number; totalSize: number }> {
-    const transferStartTime = Date.now();
-    const transferTransport = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareTransferTransport();
+  /**
+   * Compare the existing okpkg OKPP header in remote-config mode.
+   */
+  private async isProtocolV2ResourceBundleUpToDate(
+    bundle: Pick<
+      ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary,
+      'name' | 'devicePath' | 'version' | 'payloadHash' | 'headerHash'
+    >
+  ): Promise<boolean> {
+    if (this.params?.forcedUpdateRes) return false;
+    if (!bundle.version && !bundle.payloadHash) return false;
 
-    // Write directly to the device through FileWrite.
-    let totalSize = 0;
-    for (const b of bundles) totalSize += b.binary.byteLength;
+    try {
+      const header = await this.readProtocolV2DeviceFileHeader(bundle.devicePath);
+      if (!header) return false;
 
-    const transferTotalSize = totalSize + firmwareSize;
-    let processedSize = 0;
-    for (const bundle of bundles) {
-      Log.log(
-        `[FirmwareUpdateV4] syncing resource ${bundle.name} -> ${bundle.devicePath} bytes=${bundle.binary.byteLength}`
-      );
-      processedSize = await this.protocolV2CommonUpdateProcess({
-        payload: bundle.binary,
-        filePath: bundle.devicePath,
-        processedSize,
-        totalSize: transferTotalSize,
-      });
+      if (bundle.version) {
+        const cmp = compareProtocolV2Versions(header.version, bundle.version);
+        if (cmp === undefined || cmp !== 0) return false;
+      }
+      if (bundle.payloadHash) {
+        const expected = normalizeProtocolV2Hex(bundle.payloadHash);
+        if (expected && header.payloadHash !== expected) return false;
+      }
+      if (bundle.headerHash) {
+        const expected = normalizeProtocolV2Hex(bundle.headerHash);
+        if (expected && header.headerHash !== expected) return false;
+      }
+      return true;
+    } catch (error) {
+      Log.log(`[FirmwareUpdateV4] RESC bundle ${bundle.name} header check failed: `, error);
+      return false;
     }
-
-    const elapsedMs = Date.now() - transferStartTime;
-    Log.log(
-      `[FirmwareUpdateV4] resource sync finished transport=${transferTransport} bytes=${totalSize} elapsed=${(
-        elapsedMs / 1000
-      ).toFixed(2)}s speed=${formatProtocolV2TransferSpeed(totalSize, elapsedMs)} KB/s`
-    );
-    return { processedSize, totalSize: transferTotalSize };
   }
 
   private isProtocolV2BootloaderMode() {
     if (typeof this.device.isBootloader === 'function') {
-      return !!this.device.isBootloader();
+      return this.device.isBootloader();
     }
     return (
       this.device.features?.mode === 'bootloader' ||
@@ -965,11 +1355,7 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
   }
 
   private isProtocolV2RomloaderMode() {
-    const deviceType = this.device.getCurrentDeviceType();
-    if (
-      !this.device.isProtocolV2() ||
-      (deviceType !== EDeviceType.Pro2 && deviceType !== EDeviceType.Neo)
-    ) {
+    if (!this.device.isProtocolV2() || this.device.getCurrentDeviceType() !== EDeviceType.Pro2) {
       return false;
     }
     if (typeof this.device.isRomloader === 'function') {
@@ -983,20 +1369,22 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     // It rejects DeviceRebootType.Bootloader, so reuse the current connection.
     if (this.isProtocolV2RomloaderMode()) {
       Log.debug('Protocol V2 device is in romloader mode; start firmware update directly');
+      this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = true;
       return false;
     }
     if (this.isProtocolV2BootloaderMode()) {
       Log.debug('Protocol V2 device is already in bootloader mode, skip reboot');
-      this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.GoToBootloaderSuccess);
+      this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = true;
       return false;
     }
 
     try {
       this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.AutoRebootToBootloader);
       await this.protocolV2Reboot(DeviceRebootType.Bootloader);
+      this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.GoToBootloaderSuccess);
       await wait(1000);
       await this.waitForProtocolV2BootloaderMode();
-      this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.GoToBootloaderSuccess);
+      this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = true;
       return true;
     } catch (error) {
       if (error instanceof HardwareError) {
@@ -1013,17 +1401,13 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
   ) {
     const startTime = Date.now();
     let lastError: unknown;
-    let shouldReconnect = true;
 
     while (Date.now() - startTime < timeout) {
       try {
-        if (shouldReconnect) {
-          await this.reconnectProtocolV2Device();
-          shouldReconnect = false;
-        }
+        await this.reconnectProtocolV2Device();
         const deviceInfo = await requestProtocolV2DeviceInfo({
           commands: this.device.getCommands(),
-          timeoutMs: this.getProtocolV2DeviceInfoTimeout(),
+          timeoutMs: PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT,
         });
         this.assertProtocolV2DeviceInfoIdentity(deviceInfo);
         const features = await this.device.probeProtocolV2RuntimeState(
@@ -1038,7 +1422,6 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
         if (this.isProtocolV2ReconnectIdentityError(error)) {
           throw error;
         }
-        shouldReconnect = true;
         lastError = error;
         Log.log('Protocol V2 bootloader mode not ready, polling reconnect: ', error);
       }
@@ -1091,6 +1474,98 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     return entries;
   }
 
+  private buildProtocolV2ExecutionPhases({
+    installSources,
+    resourceSources,
+  }: {
+    installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[];
+    resourceSources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[];
+  }): ProtocolV2ExecutionPhase[] {
+    const phases: ProtocolV2ExecutionPhase[] = [];
+    if (resourceSources.length > 0) {
+      phases.push({
+        kind: 'resource-sync',
+        installSources: [],
+        resourceSources,
+      });
+    }
+    const bootloaderSources = installSources.filter(source => source.kind === 'bootloader');
+    if (bootloaderSources.length > 0) {
+      phases.push(
+        {
+          kind: 'bootloader-install',
+          installSources: bootloaderSources,
+          resourceSources: [],
+        },
+        {
+          kind: 'bootloader-verify',
+          installSources: [],
+          resourceSources: [],
+        }
+      );
+    }
+    const componentSources = installSources.filter(source => source.kind !== 'bootloader');
+    if (componentSources.length > 0) {
+      phases.push({
+        kind: 'component-install',
+        installSources: componentSources,
+        resourceSources: [],
+      });
+    }
+    phases.push({
+      kind: 'final-verify',
+      installSources: [],
+      resourceSources: [],
+    });
+    return phases;
+  }
+
+  private async executeProtocolV2Phases({
+    installSources,
+    resourceSources,
+  }: {
+    installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[];
+    resourceSources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[];
+  }) {
+    const phases = this.buildProtocolV2ExecutionPhases({
+      installSources,
+      resourceSources,
+    });
+    for (const phase of phases) {
+      if (phase.kind === 'final-verify') {
+        return this.completeProtocolV2FinalVerification();
+      }
+      if (phase.kind === 'resource-sync') {
+        await this.enterProtocolV2BootloaderMode();
+        await this.executeProtocolV2TransferPhase(phase);
+      } else if (phase.kind === 'bootloader-install' || phase.kind === 'component-install') {
+        await this.enterProtocolV2BootloaderMode();
+        await this.executeProtocolV2TransferPhase(phase);
+        await this.exitProtocolV2BootloaderToNormal();
+      } else if (phase.kind === 'bootloader-verify') {
+        await this.waitForProtocolV2FinalFeatures();
+        this.assertExpectedProtocolV2Versions(['boot']);
+      }
+    }
+    throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+      HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+      'Protocol V2 execution has no final verification phase'
+    );
+  }
+
+  private async executeProtocolV2SourceUpdate({
+    installSources,
+    resourceSources,
+  }: {
+    installSources: ProtocolV2InstallSource[];
+    resourceSources: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[];
+  }) {
+    return this.executeProtocolV2Phases({
+      installSources,
+      resourceSources,
+    });
+  }
+
   private async executeProtocolV2Update({
     fwBinaryMap,
     bootloaderBinary,
@@ -1102,104 +1577,158 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     installItems?: ProtocolV2InstallItem[];
     resourceBundles?: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleBinary[];
   }) {
-    const orderedInstallItems =
+    const memoryInstallItems =
       installItems ??
       this.buildProtocolV2InstallItems({
-        bootloaderBinary: bootloaderBinary ?? null,
         fwBinaryMap: fwBinaryMap ?? [],
+        bootloaderBinary: bootloaderBinary ?? null,
       });
-
-    let firmwareSize = 0;
-    for (const item of orderedInstallItems) firmwareSize += item.binary.byteLength;
-
-    this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.StartTransferData);
-
-    let processedSize = 0;
-    let totalSize = firmwareSize;
-    if (resourceBundles?.length) {
-      const resourceTransfer = await this.syncProtocolV2ResourceBundles(
-        resourceBundles,
-        firmwareSize
+    try {
+      const installSources = await Promise.all(
+        memoryInstallItems.map(async item => ({
+          fileName: item.fileName,
+          source: await this.openProtocolV2MemorySource(item.binary),
+          targetId: item.targetId,
+          kind: item.kind,
+        }))
       );
-      processedSize = resourceTransfer.processedSize;
-      totalSize = resourceTransfer.totalSize;
+      const resourceSources = await Promise.all(
+        (resourceBundles ?? []).map(async bundle => ({
+          name: bundle.name,
+          source: await this.openProtocolV2MemorySource(bundle.binary),
+          devicePath: bundle.devicePath,
+          version: bundle.version,
+          payloadHash: bundle.payloadHash,
+          headerHash: bundle.headerHash,
+        }))
+      );
+      return await this.executeProtocolV2Phases({
+        installSources,
+        resourceSources,
+      });
+    } finally {
+      await this.closeProtocolV2PreparedSources();
     }
+  }
 
-    // Skip staging and installation when the update contains resource files only.
-    if (orderedInstallItems.length === 0) {
-      Log.log('[FirmwareUpdateV4] no firmware targets to install (resource files only)');
-      if (totalSize > 0) {
-        this.postProgressMessage(100, 'transferData');
+  private async executeProtocolV2TransferPhase({
+    installSources,
+    resourceSources,
+  }: ProtocolV2ExecutionPhase) {
+    let totalSize = installSources.reduce((total, item) => total + item.source.size, 0);
+    const resourcesToSync: ProtocolV2ResourceBundleSource[] = [];
+    for (const resource of resourceSources) {
+      if (await this.isProtocolV2ResourceBundleUpToDate(resource)) {
+        Log.log(`[FirmwareUpdateV4] skip RESC bundle ${resource.name}; already up to date`);
+      } else {
+        resourcesToSync.push(resource);
+        totalSize += resource.source.size;
       }
-      return;
     }
-    let transferredSize = processedSize;
-    const transferStartTime = Date.now();
-    const transferTransport = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareTransferTransport();
-    const chunkSize = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize();
-    const onTransferredBytes = (bytes: number) => {
-      transferredSize = bytes;
-    };
-    Log.log(
-      `[FirmwareUpdateV4] transfer started transport=${transferTransport} total=${totalSize} bytes chunk=${chunkSize} bytes`
-    );
-
-    const stagedInstallTargets: ProtocolV2InstallTarget[] = [];
-
-    try {
-      for (const item of orderedInstallItems) {
-        const filePath = this.getProtocolV2InstallItemStagingPath(item);
-        Log.log(
-          `[FirmwareUpdateV4] staging ${item.kind} via FilesystemFileWrite target=${item.targetId} path=${filePath} source=${item.fileName} bytes=${item.binary.byteLength}`
-        );
-        processedSize = await this.protocolV2CommonUpdateProcess({
-          payload: item.binary,
-          filePath,
-          processedSize,
-          totalSize,
-          onTransferredBytes,
-        });
-        transferredSize = processedSize;
-        await this.verifyProtocolV2StagedFile(filePath, item.binary.byteLength);
 
-        stagedInstallTargets.push({
-          ...item,
-          path: filePath,
-        });
-      }
+    this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.StartTransferData);
+    let processedSize = 0;
+    for (const resource of resourcesToSync) {
+      processedSize = await this.protocolV2SourceUpdateProcess({
+        source: resource.source,
+        filePath: resource.devicePath,
+        processedSize,
+        totalSize,
+      });
+      await this.verifyProtocolV2StagedFile(resource.devicePath, resource.source.size);
+    }
 
-      if (totalSize > 0) {
-        this.postProgressMessage(100, 'transferData');
-      }
+    const stagedInstallTargets: Array<{ targetId: number; path: string }> = [];
+    for (const item of installSources) {
+      const filePath = this.getProtocolV2InstallItemStagingPath(item);
+      processedSize = await this.protocolV2SourceUpdateProcess({
+        source: item.source,
+        filePath,
+        processedSize,
+        totalSize,
+      });
+      await this.verifyProtocolV2StagedFile(filePath, item.source.size);
+      stagedInstallTargets.push({
+        targetId: item.targetId,
+        path: filePath,
+      });
+    }
 
-      const elapsedMs = Date.now() - transferStartTime;
-      Log.log(
-        `[FirmwareUpdateV4] transfer finished transport=${transferTransport} bytes=${totalSize} elapsed=${(
-          elapsedMs / 1000
-        ).toFixed(2)}s speed=${formatProtocolV2TransferSpeed(totalSize, elapsedMs)} KB/s`
-      );
-    } catch (error) {
-      const elapsedMs = Date.now() - transferStartTime;
-      Log.warn(
-        `[FirmwareUpdateV4] transfer failed transport=${transferTransport} bytes=${transferredSize}/${totalSize} elapsed=${(
-          elapsedMs / 1000
-        ).toFixed(2)}s speed=${formatProtocolV2TransferSpeed(transferredSize, elapsedMs)} KB/s`
-      );
-      throw error;
+    if (totalSize > 0) {
+      this.postProgressMessage(100, 'transferData');
+    }
+    if (stagedInstallTargets.length === 0) {
+      return;
     }
 
     this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.ConfirmOnDevice);
-
-    const allTargets = stagedInstallTargets.map(item => ({
+    const targets = stagedInstallTargets.map(item => ({
       target_id: item.targetId,
       path: item.path,
     }));
-    Log.log(`[FirmwareUpdateV4] DeviceFirmwareUpdateRequest targets=${JSON.stringify(allTargets)}`);
-    await this.protocolV2StartFirmwareUpdate({ targets: allTargets });
-    await this.waitForProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateComplete(allTargets);
+    await this.protocolV2StartFirmwareUpdate({ targets });
+    await this.waitForProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateComplete(targets);
+  }
+
+  private async protocolV2SourceUpdateProcess({
+    source,
+    filePath,
+    processedSize,
+    totalSize,
+  }: {
+    source: FirmwareByteSource;
+    filePath: string;
+    processedSize: number;
+    totalSize: number;
+  }) {
+    let lastError: unknown;
+    for (let attempt = 1; attempt <= PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT; attempt += 1) {
+      try {
+        await writeFirmwareByteSource({
+          source,
+          chunkSize: this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize(),
+          write: async ({ data, sourceOffset, length, first }) => {
+            const chunkEnd = sourceOffset + length;
+            const progress = getProtocolV2DeviceTransferProgress(
+              processedSize + sourceOffset,
+              processedSize + chunkEnd,
+              totalSize
+            );
+            const response = await this.fileWriteChunk(
+              filePath,
+              source.size,
+              sourceOffset,
+              data,
+              first,
+              progress
+            );
+            const rawProcessedByte = response.message.processed_byte;
+            const nextOffset = rawProcessedByte === undefined ? chunkEnd : Number(rawProcessedByte);
+            if (!Number.isFinite(nextOffset) || nextOffset !== chunkEnd) {
+              throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+                HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError,
+                `invalid processed_byte ${rawProcessedByte} for offset ${sourceOffset}`
+              );
+            }
+            this.postProgressMessage(progress, 'transferData');
+            return length;
+          },
+        });
+        return processedSize + source.size;
+      } catch (error) {
+        lastError = error;
+        if (attempt < PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT) {
+          await this.recoverProtocolV2FileTransfer();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+      HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError,
+      `transfer data error: ${getProtocolV2UnknownErrorText(lastError)}`
+    );
   }
 
-  private getProtocolV2InstallItemStagingPath(item: ProtocolV2InstallItem) {
+  private getProtocolV2InstallItemStagingPath(item: Pick<ProtocolV2InstallItem, 'fileName'>) {
     return `${PROTOCOL_V2_FIRMWARE_STAGING_VOLUME}${item.fileName}`;
   }
 
@@ -1218,7 +1747,8 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
 
   private assertProtocolV2TargetStatus(
     statusTargets: ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget[],
-    expectedTargetIds: Set<number>
+    expectedTargetIds: Set<number>,
+    expectedPaths = new Map<number, string>()
   ) {
     Log.log(
       `[FirmwareUpdateV4] DeviceFirmwareUpdateStatus records=${JSON.stringify(statusTargets)}`
@@ -1249,17 +1779,57 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     const matchingTargets = statusTargets.filter(target =>
       expectedTargetIds.has(normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id) ?? -1)
     );
+    const seenTargetIds = new Set<number>();
+    for (const target of matchingTargets) {
+      const targetId = normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id);
+      if (
+        targetId === undefined ||
+        seenTargetIds.has(targetId) ||
+        (target.path && expectedPaths.get(targetId) && target.path !== expectedPaths.get(targetId))
+      ) {
+        throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+          HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+          `Protocol V2 install status conflicts with target ${target.target_id}`,
+          {
+            firmwareUpdateCode: PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_STATUS_CONFLICT_CODE,
+          }
+        );
+      }
+      seenTargetIds.add(targetId);
+    }
+    const completedTargets = matchingTargets.filter(target =>
+      isProtocolV2TargetStatusFinished(target.status)
+    );
     const completedTargetIds = new Set<number>();
-    matchingTargets.forEach(target => {
+    completedTargets.forEach(target => {
       const targetId = normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id);
-      if (targetId !== undefined && isProtocolV2TargetStatusFinished(target.status)) {
+      if (targetId !== undefined) {
         completedTargetIds.add(targetId);
       }
     });
-    const allExpectedTargetsCompleted =
-      expectedTargetIds.size > 0 &&
-      Array.from(expectedTargetIds).every(targetId => completedTargetIds.has(targetId));
-    if (allExpectedTargetsCompleted) {
+    if (completedTargetIds.size === expectedTargetIds.size && expectedTargetIds.size > 0) {
+      for (const target of completedTargets) {
+        const targetId = normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id);
+        const payloadVersion = toProtocolV2FiniteNumber(target.payload_version);
+        if (targetId === undefined) {
+          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+            HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
+            'Protocol V2 completed target identity is invalid'
+          );
+        }
+        const expectedVersion = this.getExpectedProtocolV2TargetVersion(targetId);
+        if (expectedVersion !== undefined && payloadVersion !== undefined) {
+          if (payloadVersion !== expectedVersion) {
+            throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+              HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareVerificationFailed,
+              `Protocol V2 target ${targetId} reached payload version ${payloadVersion}, expected ${expectedVersion}`
+            );
+          }
+        }
+        if (payloadVersion !== undefined) {
+          this.protocolV2CompletedTargetVersions.set(targetId, payloadVersion);
+        }
+      }
       this.postProgressMessage(100, 'installingFirmware');
       return true;
     }
@@ -1280,43 +1850,19 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     return false;
   }
 
-  private getProtocolV2MissingTargetIds(
-    statusTargets: ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget[],
-    expectedTargetIds: Set<number>
-  ) {
-    const reportedTargetIds = new Set<number>();
-    statusTargets.forEach(target => {
-      const targetId = normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id);
-      if (targetId !== undefined) {
-        reportedTargetIds.add(targetId);
-      }
-    });
-    return Array.from(expectedTargetIds).filter(targetId => !reportedTargetIds.has(targetId));
-  }
-
   private async waitForProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateComplete(
     targets: Array<{ target_id: number; path: string }>
   ) {
+    this.protocolV2FinalStatusVerified = false;
     const expectedTargetIds = new Set(targets.map(target => target.target_id));
+    const expectedPaths = new Map(targets.map(target => [target.target_id, target.path]));
     const startTime = Date.now();
     let lastError: unknown;
-    let shouldReconnect = true;
-    let deviceInfo: ProtocolV2DeviceInfo | undefined;
-    let missingTargetStatusSince: number | undefined;
-    let missingTargetStatusKey: string | undefined;
-    const resetMissingTargetStatusGrace = () => {
-      missingTargetStatusSince = undefined;
-      missingTargetStatusKey = undefined;
-    };
 
     while (Date.now() - startTime < PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_TIMEOUT) {
       try {
-        if (shouldReconnect) {
-          await this.reconnectProtocolV2Device();
-          deviceInfo = await this.verifyProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity();
-          shouldReconnect = false;
-        }
-        const currentDeviceInfo = deviceInfo;
+        await this.reconnectProtocolV2Device();
+        const deviceInfo = await this.verifyProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity();
         try {
           const statusResponse = await this.device.getCommands().typedCall(
             'DeviceFirmwareUpdateStatusGet',
@@ -1328,89 +1874,36 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
                 path: true,
               },
             },
-            { timeoutMs: PROTOCOL_V2_FIRMWARE_STATUS_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT }
+            { timeoutMs: PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT }
           );
-          const statusTargets = (statusResponse.message.records ??
-            []) as ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget[];
-          if (this.assertProtocolV2TargetStatus(statusTargets, expectedTargetIds)) {
-            return;
-          }
-
           if (
-            statusTargets.length === 0 &&
-            currentDeviceInfo &&
-            (await this.probeProtocolV2NormalMode(currentDeviceInfo))
+            this.assertProtocolV2TargetStatus(
+              (statusResponse.message.records ?? []) as ProtocolV2FirmwareUpdateStatusTarget[],
+              expectedTargetIds,
+              expectedPaths
+            )
           ) {
-            Log.log(
-              '[FirmwareUpdateV4] empty firmware status after confirmed App reboot; update complete'
-            );
-            this.postProgressMessage(100, 'installingFirmware');
+            this.protocolV2FinalStatusVerified = true;
             return;
           }
-
-          const missingTargetIds = this.getProtocolV2MissingTargetIds(
-            statusTargets,
-            expectedTargetIds
-          );
-          if (missingTargetIds.length > 0) {
-            const now = Date.now();
-            const missingKey = missingTargetIds.join(',');
-            if (missingTargetStatusSince === undefined || missingTargetStatusKey !== missingKey) {
-              missingTargetStatusSince = now;
-              missingTargetStatusKey = missingKey;
-            } else if (
-              now - missingTargetStatusSince >=
-              PROTOCOL_V2_MISSING_TARGET_STATUS_GRACE_TIMEOUT
-            ) {
-              const reportedTargetIds = statusTargets
-                .map(target => normalizeProtocolV2TargetId(target.target_id))
-                .filter((targetId): targetId is number => targetId !== undefined);
-              throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-                HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareError,
-                `Protocol V2 firmware status is missing requested records: targetIds=${missingKey} reportedTargetIds=${reportedTargetIds.join(
-                  ','
-                )}`
-              );
-            }
-            lastError = new Error(
-              `Protocol V2 firmware status is temporarily missing targetIds=${missingKey}`
-            );
-          } else {
-            resetMissingTargetStatusGrace();
-            lastError = new Error('Protocol V2 firmware targets are still installing');
-          }
+          lastError = new Error('Protocol V2 firmware targets are still installing');
         } catch (error) {
-          if (
-            error instanceof HardwareError &&
-            error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareError
-          ) {
+          if (isProtocolV2TerminalInstallStatusError(error)) {
             throw error;
           }
-          // Only consecutive full status dumps can prove that a record is absent.
-          // A reboot or transport interruption starts a fresh grace window.
-          resetMissingTargetStatusGrace();
           // App firmware does not register DeviceFirmwareUpdateStatusGet. Treat the
           // missing endpoint as completion only after the runtime probe confirms App mode.
           if (isProtocolV2FirmwareStatusEndpointUnavailable(error)) {
-            if (!currentDeviceInfo) {
-              throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-                HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-                'Protocol V2 device identity is unavailable during install polling'
-              );
-            }
-            if (await this.probeProtocolV2NormalMode(currentDeviceInfo)) {
+            if (await this.probeProtocolV2NormalMode(deviceInfo)) {
               Log.log(
                 '[FirmwareUpdateV4] firmware status endpoint unavailable after confirmed App reboot'
               );
-              this.postProgressMessage(100, 'installingFirmware');
               return;
             }
             lastError = new Error(
               'Protocol V2 firmware status endpoint is unavailable while the device remains in loader mode'
             );
           } else {
-            shouldReconnect = true;
-            deviceInfo = undefined;
             lastError = error;
             Log.log(
               '[FirmwareUpdateV4] DeviceFirmwareUpdateStatusGet unavailable during install: ',
@@ -1423,12 +1916,15 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
         if (this.isProtocolV2ReconnectIdentityError(error)) {
           throw error;
         }
-        if (error instanceof HardwareError && error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.FirmwareError) {
+        if (isProtocolV2TerminalInstallStatusError(error)) {
+          throw error;
+        }
+        if (
+          error instanceof HardwareError &&
+          error.params?.firmwareUpdateCode === 'FirmwareInstallStatusUnavailable'
+        ) {
           throw error;
         }
-        shouldReconnect = true;
-        deviceInfo = undefined;
-        resetMissingTargetStatusGrace();
         Log.log('Protocol V2 firmware install device readiness probe failed: ', error);
       }
       await wait(1000);
@@ -1436,24 +1932,17 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
 
     throw ERRORS.TypedError(
       HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError,
-      `Protocol V2 firmware update status not complete within ${
-        PROTOCOL_V2_INSTALL_TIMEOUT / 1000
-      }s: ${this.normalizeErrorMessage(lastError)}`
+      `Protocol V2 firmware update status timeout: ${this.normalizeErrorMessage(lastError)}`
     );
   }
 
   private async exitProtocolV2BootloaderToNormal() {
     await this.reconnectProtocolV2Device();
-    const deviceInfo = await this.verifyProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity();
-    try {
-      if (await this.probeProtocolV2NormalMode(deviceInfo)) {
-        Log.log('[FirmwareUpdateV4] device already returned to App mode; skip Normal reboot');
-        return;
-      }
-    } catch (error) {
-      Log.log('[FirmwareUpdateV4] unable to confirm App mode before Normal reboot: ', error);
-    }
+    await this.verifyProtocolV2ReconnectIdentity();
+    // The connection may still be in bootloader. Request a Normal reboot directly;
+    // repeating it after an automatic App reboot is idempotent.
     await this.protocolV2Reboot(DeviceRebootType.Normal);
+    this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader = false;
   }
 
   private async probeProtocolV2NormalMode(deviceInfo: ProtocolV2DeviceInfo) {
@@ -1469,13 +1958,10 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       PROTOCOL_V2_FINAL_RECONNECT_TIMEOUT
     );
 
-    return this.getProtocolV2VersionResult(features);
-  }
-
-  private getProtocolV2VersionResult(features: Features) {
     const bootloaderVersion = getDeviceBootloaderVersion(features).join('.');
     const bleVersion = getDeviceBLEFirmwareVersion(features).join('.');
     const firmwareVersion = getDeviceFirmwareVersion(features).join('.');
+    this.protocolV2LatestFinalFeatures = features;
     if (firmwareVersion === '0.0.0') {
       Log.warn(
         'Protocol V2 firmware update finished but app firmware version is still 0.0.0. This is allowed for Pro2 debug BLE-only update flows.'
@@ -1489,20 +1975,27 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     };
   }
 
+  private async completeProtocolV2FinalVerification() {
+    if (this.protocolV2ExecutionInLoader || this.isProtocolV2BootloaderMode()) {
+      await this.exitProtocolV2BootloaderToNormal();
+    }
+    const versions = await this.waitForProtocolV2FinalFeatures();
+    this.assertExpectedProtocolV2Versions();
+    this.postTipMessage(FirmwareUpdateTipMessage.FirmwareUpdateCompleted);
+    DevicePool.resetState();
+    return versions;
+  }
+
   private async waitForProtocolV2ReconnectAndFeatures(timeout: number) {
     const startTime = Date.now();
     let lastError: unknown;
-    let shouldReconnect = true;
 
     while (Date.now() - startTime < timeout) {
       try {
-        if (shouldReconnect) {
-          await this.reconnectProtocolV2Device();
-          shouldReconnect = false;
-        }
+        await this.reconnectProtocolV2Device();
         const deviceInfo = await requestProtocolV2DeviceInfo({
           commands: this.device.getCommands(),
-          timeoutMs: this.getProtocolV2DeviceInfoTimeout(),
+          timeoutMs: PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT,
           // Completion needs target versions only; keep scope aligned with the request.
           request: PROTOCOL_V2_VERSIONS_DEVICE_INFO_REQUEST,
         });
@@ -1511,22 +2004,21 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
           deviceInfo,
           PROTOCOL_V2_SHORT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT
         );
-        if (features.mode === 'normal' && !features.bootloaderMode) {
-          return features;
+        if (features.mode !== 'normal' || features.bootloaderMode) {
+          throw ERRORS.TypedError(
+            HardwareErrorCode.DeviceNotFound,
+            'Protocol V2 device is still in bootloader mode'
+          );
         }
-        lastError = ERRORS.TypedError(
-          HardwareErrorCode.DeviceNotFound,
-          'Protocol V2 device is still in bootloader mode'
-        );
+        return features;
       } catch (error) {
         if (this.isProtocolV2ReconnectIdentityError(error)) {
           throw error;
         }
-        shouldReconnect = true;
         lastError = error;
         Log.log('Protocol V2 normal mode not ready, polling Ping: ', error);
+        await wait(1000);
       }
-      await wait(1000);
     }
 
     throw ERRORS.TypedError(
@@ -1550,13 +2042,9 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       DataManager.isBrowserWebUsb(DataManager.getSettings('env')) &&
       devicesDescriptor.length === 1
     ) {
-      const descriptor = devicesDescriptor[0];
-      if (!this.protocolV2ExpectedSerialNumber && descriptor.path !== this.protocolV2ExpectedPath) {
-        throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.DeviceNotFound);
-      }
       this.device.updateDescriptor(
         {
-          ...descriptor,
+          ...devicesDescriptor[0],
           protocolType: PROTOCOL_V2_CONNECT_PROTOCOL,
         },
         true
@@ -1567,29 +2055,20 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
       return;
     }
 
-    // Reinitialize every USB descriptor so DeviceInfo can provide the physical serial.
-    // Enumeration order is not stable and must never decide the reconnect target.
+    // App and bootloader serials may differ temporarily. During V4 reconnect, accept
+    // only a uniquely enumerated device instead of repeatedly using the old App path.
     const { deviceList } = await DevicePool.getDevices(devicesDescriptor, undefined, {
       connectProtocol: PROTOCOL_V2_CONNECT_PROTOCOL,
     });
-    const expectedSerialNumber = this.protocolV2ExpectedSerialNumber?.trim();
-    const expectedPath = this.protocolV2ExpectedPath?.trim();
-    const reconnectDevice = deviceList.find(candidate => {
-      const candidateSerialNumber = candidate.getCurrentSerialNo?.().trim();
-      if (expectedSerialNumber && candidateSerialNumber) {
-        return candidateSerialNumber === expectedSerialNumber;
-      }
-      return !!expectedPath && candidate.getConnectId() === expectedPath;
-    });
-    if (!reconnectDevice) {
+    if (deviceList.length !== 1) {
       throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.DeviceNotFound);
     }
 
     Log.debug(
-      'Protocol V2 firmware reconnect using matched device:',
-      reconnectDevice.getConnectId()
+      'Protocol V2 firmware reconnect using single enumerated device:',
+      deviceList[0].getConnectId()
     );
-    this.device.updateFromCache(reconnectDevice);
+    this.device.updateFromCache(deviceList[0]);
     await this.ensureProtocolV2DeviceAcquired();
     this.device.commands.disposed = false;
     this.device.getCommands().mainId = this.device.mainId ?? '';
@@ -1613,99 +2092,35 @@ export default class FirmwareUpdateV4 extends FirmwareUpdateBaseMethod<FirmwareU
     return this.normalizeErrorMessage(error).includes('Protocol V2 reconnect physical identity');
   }
 
-  private async protocolV2CommonUpdateProcess(params: ProtocolV2FileTransferParams) {
-    let lastError: unknown;
-    for (let attempt = 1; attempt <= PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT; attempt += 1) {
-      try {
-        return await this.protocolV2WriteWholeFile(params);
-      } catch (error) {
-        lastError = error;
-        Log.error(
-          `Protocol V2 file transfer failed path=${params.filePath} attempt=${attempt}/${PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT}; restarting from offset 0`,
-          error
-        );
-        if (attempt === PROTOCOL_V2_FILE_TRANSFER_RETRY_COUNT) {
-          break;
-        }
-        await this.recoverProtocolV2FileTransfer();
-      }
-    }
-
-    throw ERRORS.TypedError(
-      HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError,
-      `transfer data error: ${getProtocolV2UnknownErrorText(lastError)}`
-    );
-  }
-
-  private async protocolV2WriteWholeFile({
-    payload,
-    filePath,
-    processedSize,
-    totalSize,
-    onTransferredBytes,
-  }: ProtocolV2FileTransferParams) {
-    const chunkSize = this.getProtocolV2FirmwareChunkSize();
-    const getUploadProgress = (fileOffset: number) => {
-      if (totalSize !== undefined && processedSize !== undefined) {
-        return Math.min(Math.ceil(((processedSize + fileOffset) / totalSize) * 100), 99);
-      }
-      return Math.min(Math.ceil((fileOffset / payload.byteLength) * 100), 99);
-    };
-
-    try {
-      await writeProtocolV2File({
-        commands: this.device.getCommands(),
+  private async fileWriteChunk(
+    filePath: string,
+    totalFileSize: number,
+    offset: number,
+    chunk: ArrayBuffer | Buffer,
+    overwrite: boolean,
+    progress: number | null
+  ): Promise<TypedResponseMessage<'FilesystemFile'>> {
+    const typedCall = this.device.getCommands().typedCall.bind(this.device.getCommands());
+    const writeRes = await typedCall('FilesystemFileWrite', 'FilesystemFile', {
+      file: {
         path: filePath,
-        data: payload,
-        totalSize: payload.byteLength,
-        chunkSize,
-        overwrite: true,
-        append: false,
-        writeWithResponse: true,
-        maxChunkRetries: 0,
-        getUiPercentage: ({ offset, chunkLength }) =>
-          getProtocolV2DeviceTransferProgress(
-            (processedSize ?? 0) + offset,
-            (processedSize ?? 0) + offset + chunkLength,
-            totalSize ?? payload.byteLength
-          ),
-        onProgress: progress => {
-          const transferredBytes = (processedSize ?? 0) + progress.transferredBytes;
-          onTransferredBytes?.(transferredBytes);
-          this.postProgressMessage(getUploadProgress(progress.transferredBytes), 'transferData', {
-            transferredBytes,
-            totalBytes: totalSize ?? payload.byteLength,
-            rateBytesPerSecond: progress.rateBytesPerSecond,
-            elapsedMs: progress.elapsedMs,
-          });
-        },
-      });
-    } catch (error) {
-      if (
-        error instanceof HardwareError &&
-        error.errorCode === HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError &&
-        error.message.includes('FilesystemFileWrite')
-      ) {
-        throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError, error.message);
+        offset,
+        total_size: totalFileSize,
+        data: chunk,
+      },
+      overwrite,
+      append: false,
+      ui_percentage: progress ?? undefined,
+    });
+    if (writeRes.type !== 'FilesystemFile') {
+      if ((writeRes as any).type === 'CallMethodError') {
+        if (((writeRes as any).message.error ?? '').indexOf(SESSION_ERROR) > -1) {
+          throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError, SESSION_ERROR);
+        }
       }
-      throw error;
-    }
-
-    return totalSize !== undefined ? (processedSize ?? 0) + payload.byteLength : 0;
-  }
-
-  private getProtocolV2FirmwareTransferTransport() {
-    const env = DataManager.getSettings('env');
-    if (env && DataManager.isBleConnect(env)) {
-      return 'BLE';
-    }
-    if (
-      env &&
-      (DataManager.isBrowserWebUsb(env) || DataManager.isDesktopWebUsb(env) || env === 'web')
-    ) {
-      return 'WebUSB';
+      throw ERRORS.TypedError(HardwareErrorCode.EmmcFileWriteFirmwareError, 'transfer data error');
     }
-    return env ?? 'unknown';
+    return writeRes;
   }
 
   private async recoverProtocolV2FileTransfer() {