@onekeyfe/hd-core 1.2.0-alpha.47 → 1.2.0-alpha.49

package/__tests__/check-all-firmware-release-protocol-v2.test.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import CheckAllFirmwareRelease, {
 } from '../src/api/CheckAllFirmwareRelease';
 import { DataManager } from '../src/data-manager';
 import { createCoreApi } from '../src/inject';
+import { PROTOCOL_V2_RESOURCE_DEVICE_PATHS } from '../src/protocols/protocol-v2/resources';
 
 import type { CoreApi } from '../src/types/api';
 import type { DeviceStateVersions, IFirmwareReleaseInfo } from '../src/types';
@@ -72,7 +73,74 @@ const release: IFirmwareReleaseInfo = {
   ],
 };
 
+const stableResources = ['images', 'animation', 'wallpaper', 'translations', 'roobert', 'noto'].map(
+  (type, index) => ({
+    type,
+    url: `https://example.com/${type}.okpkg`,
+    size: 0x52a0 + index + 1,
+    fileHash: 'a'.repeat(64),
+    headerHash: index.toString(16).padStart(128, '0'),
+  })
+);
+
+const createFilesystemTypedCall = (missingAll = false) => {
+  const resourceByPath = new Map(
+    stableResources.map(resource => [
+      PROTOCOL_V2_RESOURCE_DEVICE_PATHS[
+        resource.type as keyof typeof PROTOCOL_V2_RESOURCE_DEVICE_PATHS
+      ],
+      resource,
+    ])
+  );
+  return jest.fn((requestType: string, _responseType: string, payload: Record<string, any>) => {
+    if (requestType === 'ResourceInventoryGet') {
+      throw new Error('ResourceInventoryGet is unavailable on released firmware');
+    }
+    if (requestType === 'FilesystemPathInfoQuery') {
+      const resource = resourceByPath.get(payload.path);
+      return {
+        message: {
+          exist: Boolean(resource) && !missingAll,
+          directory: false,
+          size: missingAll ? 0 : resource?.size,
+        },
+      };
+    }
+    if (requestType === 'FilesystemFileRead') {
+      const resource = resourceByPath.get(payload.file.path);
+      if (!resource || missingAll) throw new Error('missing resource');
+      const header = new Uint8Array(0x52a0);
+      const view = new DataView(header.buffer);
+      'OKPP'.split('').forEach((char, index) => {
+        header[index] = char.charCodeAt(0);
+      });
+      'RESC'.split('').forEach((char, index) => {
+        header[0x08 + index] = char.charCodeAt(0);
+      });
+      view.setUint32(0x0c, header.byteLength, true);
+      for (let index = 0; index < resource.headerHash.length / 2; index++) {
+        header[0x240 + index] = Number.parseInt(
+          resource.headerHash.slice(index * 2, index * 2 + 2),
+          16
+        );
+      }
+      const offset = Number(payload.file.offset);
+      const chunkLength = Number(payload.chunk_len);
+      return {
+        message: {
+          data: header.slice(offset, offset + chunkLength),
+        },
+      };
+    }
+    throw new Error(`Unexpected request: ${requestType}`);
+  });
+};
+
 describe('checkAllFirmwareRelease Protocol V2 support', () => {
+  afterEach(() => {
+    jest.restoreAllMocks();
+  });
+
   test('builds ordered firmwareUpdateV4 targets from recommended component versions', () => {
     const result = buildProtocolV2FirmwareRelease({
       currentVersions,
@@ -223,7 +291,7 @@ describe('checkAllFirmwareRelease Protocol V2 support', () => {
     expect(result.targetsToUpdate).toEqual(['app_v1', 'app_v2']);
   });
 
-  test('uses the existing method on Protocol V2 and keeps its public API name', async () => {
+  test('does not read vol0 resource inventory while Protocol V2 is in Application mode', async () => {
     const method = new CheckAllFirmwareRelease({
       id: 1,
       payload: {
@@ -240,6 +308,7 @@ describe('checkAllFirmwareRelease Protocol V2 support', () => {
       status: { mode: 'normal' },
       versions: currentVersions,
     });
+    const typedCall = createFilesystemTypedCall(true);
     method.device = {
       isProtocolV2: () => true,
       features: {
@@ -247,34 +316,60 @@ describe('checkAllFirmwareRelease Protocol V2 support', () => {
         firmwareVersion: '1.0.0',
       },
       getDeviceState,
-      getCommands: () => ({ typedCall: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ message: { items: [] } }) }),
+      getCommands: () => ({ typedCall }),
     } as unknown as CheckAllFirmwareRelease['device'];
     jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getFirmwareLatestRelease').mockReturnValue(release);
-    jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getProtocolV2Resources').mockReturnValue(
-      ['images', 'animation', 'wallpaper', 'translations', 'roobert', 'noto'].map(
-        (type, index) => ({
-          type,
-          url: `https://example.com/${type}.okpkg`,
-          size: index + 1,
-          fileHash: 'a'.repeat(64),
-          headerHash: index.toString(16).padStart(128, '0'),
-        })
-      ) as any
-    );
+    jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getProtocolV2Resources').mockReturnValue(stableResources as any);
 
     await expect(method.run()).resolves.toMatchObject({
       protocol: 'V2',
       deviceType: 'pro2',
       status: 'required',
-      resourceStatus: 'outdated',
-      targetsToUpdate: ['boot', 'app_v1', 'resource'],
+      resourceStatus: 'unknown',
+      targetsToUpdate: ['boot', 'app_v1'],
       firmware: {
         status: 'required',
       },
     });
+    expect(typedCall).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
     expect(method.getSupportedProtocols()).toEqual(['V1', 'V2']);
   });
 
+  test.each(['bootloader', 'romloader'] as const)(
+    'uses filesystem inventory in %s mode instead of forcing all resources',
+    async mode => {
+      const method = new CheckAllFirmwareRelease({
+        id: 1,
+        payload: {
+          method: 'checkAllFirmwareRelease',
+          firmwareType: EFirmwareType.Universal,
+        },
+      });
+      method.init();
+      const typedCall = createFilesystemTypedCall();
+      method.device = {
+        isProtocolV2: () => true,
+        features: { deviceType: 'pro2', firmwareVersion: '1.0.0' },
+        getDeviceState: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({
+          identity: { deviceType: 'pro2', firmwareType: EFirmwareType.Universal },
+          status: { mode },
+          versions: currentVersions,
+        }),
+        getCommands: () => ({ typedCall }),
+      } as unknown as CheckAllFirmwareRelease['device'];
+      jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getFirmwareLatestRelease').mockReturnValue(release);
+      jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getProtocolV2Resources').mockReturnValue(stableResources as any);
+
+      await expect(method.run()).resolves.toMatchObject({
+        protocol: 'V2',
+        resourceStatus: 'valid',
+        targetsToUpdate: ['boot', 'app_v1'],
+      });
+      expect(typedCall.mock.calls.some(call => call[0] === 'ResourceInventoryGet')).toBe(false);
+      expect(typedCall.mock.calls.some(call => call[0] === 'FilesystemFileRead')).toBe(true);
+    }
+  );
+
   test('continues forwarding the existing public method', async () => {
     const call = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ success: true, payload: {} });
     const api = createCoreApi(call as CoreApi['call']) as CoreApi;

package/__tests__/device-lifecycle-events.test.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { HardwareErrorCode } from '@onekeyfe/hd-shared';
 import { TRANSPORT_EVENT } from '@onekeyfe/hd-transport';
 
 import { initConnector, initCore } from '../src/core';
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ describe('public device lifecycle events', () => {
     expect(messages.filter(message => message.type === DEVICE.DISCONNECT)).toHaveLength(1);
   });
 
-  test('uses a cached protocol as a fallback-capable acquire hint', async () => {
+  test('uses a verified cached protocol as a strict expected protocol', async () => {
     jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getSettings').mockReturnValue('react-native' as never);
     const device = Device.fromDescriptor({
       id: 'ble-id',
@@ -103,16 +104,117 @@ describe('public device lifecycle events', () => {
       commType: 'ble',
       protocolType: 'V1',
     } as never);
-    const acquire = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ uuid: 'ble-id', protocolType: 'V2' });
+    const acquire = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ uuid: 'ble-id', protocolType: 'V1' });
     device.deviceConnector = { acquire } as never;
 
     await device.acquire();
 
-    expect(acquire).toHaveBeenCalledWith('ble-id', undefined, true, undefined, 'V1');
+    expect(acquire).toHaveBeenCalledWith('ble-id', undefined, true, 'V1', undefined);
+    expect(device.getProtocol()).toBe('V1');
+    expect(device.originalDescriptor.protocolType).toBe('V1');
+  });
+
+  test('bypasses a cached protocol only for explicit active detection', async () => {
+    jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getSettings').mockReturnValue('react-native' as never);
+    const device = Device.fromDescriptor({
+      id: 'ble-id',
+      path: 'ble-id',
+      commType: 'ble',
+      protocolType: 'V1',
+    } as never);
+    const acquire = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ uuid: 'ble-id', protocolType: 'V2' });
+    device.deviceConnector = { acquire } as never;
+
+    await device.acquire(undefined, { forceProtocolDetection: true });
+
+    expect(acquire).toHaveBeenCalledWith('ble-id', undefined, true, undefined, undefined);
     expect(device.getProtocol()).toBe('V2');
     expect(device.originalDescriptor.protocolType).toBe('V2');
   });
 
+  test('does not reuse a stale protocol when active detection returns no protocol', async () => {
+    jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getSettings').mockReturnValue('react-native' as never);
+    const device = Device.fromDescriptor({
+      id: 'ble-id',
+      path: 'ble-id',
+      commType: 'ble',
+      protocolType: 'V1',
+    } as never);
+    const acquire = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ uuid: 'ble-id' });
+    const release = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+    device.deviceConnector = { acquire, release } as never;
+    await expect(
+      device.acquire(undefined, {
+        forceProtocolDetection: true,
+        throwOnRunPromiseError: true,
+      })
+    ).rejects.toMatchObject({ errorCode: HardwareErrorCode.RuntimeError });
+    expect(device.originalDescriptor.protocolType).toBe('V1');
+    expect(device.hasDeviceAcquire()).toBe(false);
+    expect(release).toHaveBeenCalledWith('ble-id', false);
+  });
+
+  test('actively reacquires an already connected device without initializing it', async () => {
+    jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getSettings').mockReturnValue('webusb' as never);
+    const device = Device.fromDescriptor({
+      id: 'usb-device',
+      path: 'usb-device',
+      session: 'old-session',
+      protocolType: 'V1',
+    } as never);
+    device.mainId = 'old-session';
+    device.commands = { disposed: false } as never;
+    const release = jest.spyOn(device, 'release').mockImplementation(() => {
+      device.mainId = null;
+      device.originalDescriptor.session = null;
+      device.commands.disposed = true;
+      return Promise.resolve();
+    });
+    const acquire = jest.spyOn(device, 'acquire').mockImplementation(() => {
+      device.mainId = 'new-session';
+      device.originalDescriptor.session = 'new-session';
+      device.originalDescriptor.protocolType = 'V2';
+      device.commands.disposed = false;
+      return Promise.resolve();
+    });
+    const initialize = jest.spyOn(device, 'initialize').mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+
+    await device.run(() => Promise.resolve(undefined), {
+      forceProtocolDetection: true,
+      skipInitialize: true,
+    });
+
+    expect(release).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(acquire).toHaveBeenCalledWith(undefined, {
+      forceProtocolDetection: true,
+    });
+    expect(initialize).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(device.getProtocol()).toBe('V2');
+  });
+
+  test('keeps the freshly probed React Native BLE session until the call completes', async () => {
+    jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getSettings').mockReturnValue('react-native' as never);
+    const device = Device.fromDescriptor({
+      id: 'ble-device',
+      path: 'ble-device',
+      commType: 'ble',
+      protocolType: 'V1',
+    } as never);
+    device.mainId = 'ble-device';
+    device.commands = { disposed: false } as never;
+    (device as unknown as { deviceAcquired: boolean }).deviceAcquired = true;
+    const release = jest.spyOn(device, 'release').mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+    const run = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined);
+
+    await device.run(run, {
+      forceProtocolDetection: true,
+      skipInitialize: true,
+    });
+
+    expect(run).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(release).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+
   test('keeps an explicit connectProtocol as a strict expected protocol', async () => {
     jest.spyOn(DataManager, 'getSettings').mockReturnValue('react-native' as never);
     const device = Device.fromDescriptor({

package/__tests__/method-protocol-support.test.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { EFirmwareType, HardwareErrorCode } from '@onekeyfe/hd-shared';
 
 import { BaseMethod } from '../src/api/BaseMethod';
+import { findMethod } from '../src/api/utils';
 import BTCGetAddress from '../src/api/btc/BTCGetAddress';
 import DeviceReboot from '../src/api/protocol-v2/DeviceReboot';
 import SolGetAddress from '../src/api/solana/SolGetAddress';
@@ -20,6 +21,24 @@ class DefaultMethod extends BaseMethod {
 }
 
 describe('method protocol support', () => {
+  test('creates a protocol detection method that returns only the current protocol', async () => {
+    const method = findMethod({
+      id: 6,
+      payload: {
+        method: 'detectDeviceConnectProtocol',
+        connectId: 'ble-device',
+      },
+    } as never);
+
+    method.init();
+    (method as unknown as { device: unknown }).device = {
+      getProtocol: () => 'V2',
+    };
+
+    expect(method.getSupportedProtocols()).toEqual(['V1', 'V2']);
+    await expect(method.run()).resolves.toBe('V2');
+  });
+
   test('defaults existing methods to Protocol V1 only', () => {
     const method = new DefaultMethod({
       id: 1,

package/__tests__/protocol-binding.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+import { createCoreApi, createProtocolAwareCall } from '../src/inject';
+
+import type { CoreApi } from '../src/types/api';
+
+describe('SDK protocol binding', () => {
+  test('exposes a minimal API that returns the actively detected protocol', async () => {
+    const response = { success: true as const, payload: 'V2' as const };
+    const rawCall = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(response);
+    const api = createCoreApi(rawCall as CoreApi['call']);
+
+    await expect(api.detectDeviceConnectProtocol('USB_DEVICE_A')).resolves.toBe(response);
+    expect(rawCall).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      connectId: 'USB_DEVICE_A',
+      forceProtocolDetection: true,
+      method: 'detectDeviceConnectProtocol',
+    });
+  });
+
+  test('injects a strict protocol into every later call and isolates devices', async () => {
+    const rawCall = jest.fn(params => Promise.resolve({ success: true, payload: params }));
+    const protocolAwareCall = createProtocolAwareCall(rawCall as CoreApi['call']);
+    const api = createCoreApi(protocolAwareCall.call);
+
+    protocolAwareCall.setDeviceConnectProtocol('USB_DEVICE_A', 'V2');
+    protocolAwareCall.setDeviceConnectProtocol('ble-device-b', 'V1');
+
+    await api.deviceWipe('usb_device_a');
+    await api.deviceSupportFeatures('BLE-DEVICE-B');
+    await api.getFeatures('USB_DEVICE_A', { connectProtocol: 'V1' });
+    await api.getDeviceState('USB_DEVICE_A', { forceProtocolDetection: true });
+    await protocolAwareCall.call({
+      connectId: 'USB_DEVICE_A',
+      method: 'deviceUpdateReboot',
+    });
+
+    expect(rawCall).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(1, {
+      connectId: 'usb_device_a',
+      method: 'deviceWipe',
+      connectProtocol: 'V2',
+    });
+    expect(rawCall).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(2, {
+      connectId: 'BLE-DEVICE-B',
+      method: 'deviceSupportFeatures',
+      connectProtocol: 'V1',
+    });
+    expect(rawCall).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(3, {
+      connectId: 'USB_DEVICE_A',
+      method: 'getFeatures',
+      connectProtocol: 'V1',
+    });
+    expect(rawCall).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(4, {
+      connectId: 'USB_DEVICE_A',
+      method: 'getDeviceState',
+      forceProtocolDetection: true,
+    });
+    expect(rawCall).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(5, {
+      connectId: 'USB_DEVICE_A',
+      method: 'deviceUpdateReboot',
+      connectProtocol: 'V2',
+    });
+  });
+
+  test('keeps bindings local to one SDK instance and supports clearing them', async () => {
+    const firstRawCall = jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve({ success: true, payload: {} }));
+    const secondRawCall = jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve({ success: true, payload: {} }));
+    const first = createProtocolAwareCall(firstRawCall as CoreApi['call']);
+    const second = createProtocolAwareCall(secondRawCall as CoreApi['call']);
+
+    first.setDeviceConnectProtocol('same-device', 'V2');
+    await first.call({ connectId: 'same-device', method: 'deviceWipe' });
+    await second.call({ connectId: 'same-device', method: 'deviceWipe' });
+    first.setDeviceConnectProtocol('same-device', undefined);
+    await first.call({ connectId: 'same-device', method: 'deviceWipe' });
+
+    expect(firstRawCall).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(1, {
+      connectId: 'same-device',
+      method: 'deviceWipe',
+      connectProtocol: 'V2',
+    });
+    expect(secondRawCall).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      connectId: 'same-device',
+      method: 'deviceWipe',
+    });
+    expect(firstRawCall).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(2, {
+      connectId: 'same-device',
+      method: 'deviceWipe',
+    });
+  });
+});

package/__tests__/protocol-v2-resources.test.ts

@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@ import {
   PROTOCOL_V2_RESOURCE_TYPES,
   buildProtocolV2ResourceUpdatePlan,
   isProtocolV2ResourceFileValid,
-  parseProtocolV2ResourceInventory,
   parseProtocolV2Resources,
-  requestProtocolV2ResourceInventory,
+  readProtocolV2ResourceInventory,
 } from '../src/protocols/protocol-v2/resources';
 
 import type {
@@ -28,6 +27,24 @@ jest.mock('../src/data/config', () => ({
 const bytesToHex = (bytes: Uint8Array) =>
   Array.from(bytes, byte => byte.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')).join('');
 
+const PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE = 0x52a0;
+
+const createResourceHeader = (headerHash: string) => {
+  const header = new Uint8Array(PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE);
+  const view = new DataView(header.buffer);
+  'OKPP'.split('').forEach((char, index) => {
+    header[index] = char.charCodeAt(0);
+  });
+  'RESC'.split('').forEach((char, index) => {
+    header[0x08 + index] = char.charCodeAt(0);
+  });
+  view.setUint32(0x0c, header.byteLength, true);
+  for (let index = 0; index < headerHash.length / 2; index++) {
+    header[0x240 + index] = Number.parseInt(headerHash.slice(index * 2, index * 2 + 2), 16);
+  }
+  return header;
+};
+
 const resources: IProtocolV2Resource[] = PROTOCOL_V2_RESOURCE_TYPES.map((type, index) => ({
   type,
   url: `https://example.com/${type}.okpkg`,
@@ -124,50 +141,62 @@ describe('Pro2 resource configuration', () => {
     ).toEqual({ status: 'valid', resources: [] });
   });
 
-  test('normalizes the success-only ResourceInventory RPC response', async () => {
-    const items = resources.slice(0, 2).map((resource, index) => ({
-      type: index === 0 ? 'IMAGES' : 1,
-      size: resource.size,
-      header_hash: resource.headerHash,
+  test('builds inventory from existing filesystem calls without ResourceInventoryGet', async () => {
+    const installedResources = resources.map((resource, index) => ({
+      ...resource,
+      size: PROTOCOL_V2_OKPP_HEADER_SIZE + index + 1,
     }));
-    const typedCall = jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ message: { items } });
-
-    await expect(
-      requestProtocolV2ResourceInventory({ commands: { typedCall } as any })
-    ).resolves.toEqual([
-      {
-        type: 'images',
-        size: resources[0].size,
-        headerHash: resources[0].headerHash,
-      },
-      {
-        type: 'animation',
-        size: resources[1].size,
-        headerHash: resources[1].headerHash,
-      },
-    ]);
-    expect(typedCall).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-      'ResourceInventoryGet',
-      'ResourceInventory',
-      {},
-      { timeoutMs: 5000 }
+    const resourceByPath = new Map(
+      installedResources.map(resource => [
+        PROTOCOL_V2_RESOURCE_DEVICE_PATHS[resource.type],
+        resource,
+      ])
+    );
+    const typedCall = jest.fn(
+      (requestType: string, _responseType: string, payload: Record<string, any>) => {
+        if (requestType === 'ResourceInventoryGet') {
+          throw new Error('ResourceInventoryGet is unavailable on released firmware');
+        }
+        if (requestType === 'FilesystemPathInfoQuery') {
+          const resource = resourceByPath.get(payload.path);
+          return {
+            message: {
+              exist: Boolean(resource),
+              directory: false,
+              size: resource?.size ?? 0,
+            },
+          };
+        }
+        if (requestType === 'FilesystemFileRead') {
+          const resource = resourceByPath.get(payload.file.path);
+          if (!resource) throw new Error('missing resource');
+          const header = createResourceHeader(resource.headerHash);
+          const offset = Number(payload.file.offset);
+          const chunkLength = Number(payload.chunk_len);
+          return {
+            message: {
+              data: header.slice(offset, offset + chunkLength),
+            },
+          };
+        }
+        throw new Error(`Unexpected request: ${requestType}`);
+      }
     );
-  });
 
-  test('rejects malformed or duplicate inventory identities', () => {
-    expect(() =>
-      parseProtocolV2ResourceInventory({
-        items: [
-          { type: 'IMAGES', size: 1, header_hash: 'a'.repeat(128) },
-          { type: 'IMAGES', size: 1, header_hash: 'b'.repeat(128) },
-        ],
-      })
-    ).toThrow('duplicate resource type');
-    expect(() =>
-      parseProtocolV2ResourceInventory({
-        items: [{ type: 'IMAGES', size: 1, header_hash: 'bad' }],
+    await expect(
+      readProtocolV2ResourceInventory({
+        commands: { typedCall },
+        resources: installedResources,
+        chunkSize: 4000,
       })
-    ).toThrow('inventory headerHash');
+    ).resolves.toEqual(
+      installedResources.map(({ type, size, headerHash }) => ({ type, size, headerHash }))
+    );
+    expect(typedCall.mock.calls.some(call => call[0] === 'ResourceInventoryGet')).toBe(false);
+    expect(typedCall.mock.calls.filter(call => call[0] === 'FilesystemPathInfoQuery')).toHaveLength(
+      6
+    );
+    expect(typedCall.mock.calls.some(call => call[0] === 'FilesystemFileRead')).toBe(true);
   });
 
   test('selects only the changed or missing resource in application mode', () => {
@@ -199,6 +228,22 @@ describe('Pro2 resource configuration', () => {
     ).toHaveLength(6);
   });
 
+  test('uses a filesystem inventory for incremental recovery mode updates', () => {
+    const inventory = resources.slice(1).map(({ type, size, headerHash }) => ({
+      type,
+      size,
+      headerHash,
+    }));
+
+    expect(
+      buildProtocolV2ResourceUpdatePlan({
+        resources,
+        inventory,
+        mode: 'bootloader-recovery',
+      }).resources.map(resource => resource.type)
+    ).toEqual(['images']);
+  });
+
   test('verifies both full file size and SHA-256 before transfer', () => {
     const bytes = new Uint8Array([1, 2, 3]);
     const binary = bytes.buffer;