@novastera-oss/llamarn 0.2.7 → 0.2.9

package/cpp/llama.cpp/src/llama-batch.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "llama-batch.h"
 
 #include "llama-impl.h"
-#include "llama-cparams.h"
 #include "llama-vocab.h"
 #include "llama-memory.h"
 
@@ -10,282 +9,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <sstream>
 
-llama_ubatch llama_sbatch::reserve_ubatch(size_t n_ubatch, bool has_embd) {
-    // clear empty sequences
-    // the previous ubatch is assumed to be gone,
-    // so nothing should refer to values in these sequences anymore.
-    for (size_t i = seq.size(); i-- > 0;) {
-        if (seq[i].length == 0) {
-            seq.pop_back();
-        } else {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    udatas.push_back({});
-
-    auto & udata = udatas.back();
-
-    udata.token.resize(!has_embd ? n_ubatch : 0);
-    udata.embd.resize(has_embd ? n_embd * n_ubatch : 0);
-    udata.pos.resize(n_ubatch);
-    udata.n_seq_id.resize(n_ubatch);
-    udata.seq_id.resize(n_ubatch);
-    udata.output.resize(n_ubatch);
-
-    llama_ubatch ubatch = {
-        /*equal_seqs   =*/ true,
-        /*n_tokens     =*/ 0,
-        /*n_seq_tokens =*/ 0,
-        /*n_seqs       =*/ 0,
-        /*token        =*/ !has_embd ? udata.token.data() : nullptr,
-        /*embd         =*/ has_embd  ? udata.embd.data()  : nullptr,
-        /*pos          =*/ udata.pos.data(),
-        /*n_seq_id     =*/ udata.n_seq_id.data(),
-        /*seq_id       =*/ udata.seq_id.data(),
-        /*output       =*/ udata.output.data(),
-    };
-
-    return ubatch;
-}
-
-void llama_sbatch::add_seq_to_ubatch(llama_ubatch & ubatch, llama_sbatch_seq & seq, size_t length) {
-    GGML_ASSERT(batch != nullptr);
-    GGML_ASSERT(length <= seq.length);
-    // Can only add sequences of equal lengths to a batch,
-    // otherwise it isn't clear to which sequence a token belongs
-    GGML_ASSERT(seq.n_seq_id == 0 || ubatch.n_seqs == 0 || length == (size_t) ubatch.n_tokens / ubatch.n_seqs);
-    GGML_ASSERT((seq.n_seq_id != 0) == ubatch.equal_seqs);
-    // NOTE: loops are separated for cache-friendliness
-    if (batch->token) {
-        if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-                ubatch.token[ubatch.n_tokens + i] = batch->token[ids[seq.offset + i]];
-            }
-        } else {
-            // simple split
-            ubatch.token = batch->token + seq.offset;
-        }
-    } else {
-        ubatch.token = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (batch->embd) {
-        if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-                memcpy(
-                        ubatch.embd + (n_embd * (ubatch.n_tokens + i)),
-                        batch->embd + (n_embd * ids[seq.offset + i]),
-                        n_embd * sizeof(float)
-                      );
-            }
-        } else {
-            // simple split
-            ubatch.embd = batch->embd + (n_embd * seq.offset);
-        }
-    } else {
-        ubatch.embd = nullptr;
-    }
-    if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-            ubatch.pos[ubatch.n_tokens + i] = batch->pos[ids[seq.offset + i]];
-        }
-    } else {
-        // simple split
-        ubatch.pos = batch->pos + seq.offset;
-    }
-    if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
-        ubatch.n_seq_id[ubatch.n_seqs] = seq.n_seq_id;
-        if (seq.seq_id) {
-            ubatch.seq_id[ubatch.n_seqs] = seq.seq_id;
-        }
-    } else {
-        // simple split
-        if (batch->n_seq_id) {
-            ubatch.n_seq_id = batch->n_seq_id + seq.offset;
-        } else {
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-                ubatch.n_seq_id[ubatch.n_seqs + i] = 1;
-            }
-        }
-        if (batch->seq_id) {
-            ubatch.seq_id = batch->seq_id + seq.offset;
-        }
-    }
-    if (batch->logits) {
-        if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-                size_t id = ids[seq.offset + i];
-                int8_t is_output = batch->logits[id];
-                ubatch.output[ubatch.n_tokens + i] = is_output;
-                if (is_output) { out_ids.push_back(id); }
-            }
-        } else {
-            // simple split
-            ubatch.output = batch->logits + seq.offset;
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-                if (ubatch.output[i] != 0) { out_ids.push_back(seq.offset + i); }
-            }
-        }
-    } else {
-        // only get last output
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-            size_t id = ids[seq.offset + i];
-            int8_t is_last = id == ids.size() - 1;
-            ubatch.output[ubatch.n_tokens + i] = is_last;
-            if (is_last) { out_ids.push_back(id); }
-        }
-    }
-    if (ubatch.n_tokens == 0 && ubatch.n_seqs == 0) {
-        ubatch.n_seq_tokens = ubatch.equal_seqs ? length : 1;
-    }
-    ubatch.n_tokens += length;
-    ubatch.n_seqs += ubatch.equal_seqs ? 1 : length; // virtual sequences for simple splits
-    seq.offset += length;
-    seq.length -= length;
-    n_tokens -= length;
-    GGML_ASSERT(ubatch.n_tokens == ubatch.n_seq_tokens * ubatch.n_seqs);
-}
-
-llama_ubatch llama_sbatch::split_simple(size_t n_ubatch) {
-    n_ubatch = n_tokens < n_ubatch ? n_tokens : n_ubatch;
-    llama_ubatch ubatch = reserve_ubatch(n_ubatch, /* has_embd */ batch->embd != nullptr);
-    ubatch.equal_seqs = false;
-    if (!seq.empty()) {
-        llama_sbatch_seq & s = seq[0];
-        size_t length = s.length < n_ubatch ? s.length : n_ubatch;
-        GGML_ASSERT(seq.size() == 1 && s.n_seq_id == 0); // don't mix with other splits
-        add_seq_to_ubatch(ubatch, s, length);
-    }
-    return ubatch;
-}
-
-llama_ubatch llama_sbatch::split_equal(size_t n_ubatch) {
-    n_ubatch = n_tokens < n_ubatch ? n_tokens : n_ubatch;
-    llama_ubatch ubatch = reserve_ubatch(n_ubatch, /* has_embd */ batch->embd != nullptr);
-    if (!seq.empty()) {
-        size_t length = 0;
-        size_t n_tokens_in_ubatch = 0;
-        GGML_ASSERT(seq[0].n_seq_id > 0); // should not be mixed with simple splits
-                                          // smallest first, because it's easier to split this way;
-                                          // starting from the end to pop in constant time.
-        for (size_t i = seq.size(); i-- > 0;) {
-            llama_sbatch_seq & s = seq[i];
-            GGML_ASSERT(s.length > 0);
-            if (length == 0) {
-                length = s.length < n_ubatch ? s.length : n_ubatch;
-            }
-            add_seq_to_ubatch(ubatch, s, length);
-            n_tokens_in_ubatch += length;
-            // shared prompts can't be mixed with any of their sequences,
-            // so it's safer to compute them in their own ubatch
-            if (s.n_seq_id > 1) { break; }
-            // stop when there isn't enough space for another sequence
-            if (length + n_tokens_in_ubatch > n_ubatch) { break; }
-        }
-    }
-    return ubatch;
-}
-
-llama_ubatch llama_sbatch::split_seq(size_t n_ubatch) {
-    n_ubatch = n_tokens < n_ubatch ? n_tokens : n_ubatch;
-    llama_ubatch ubatch = reserve_ubatch(n_ubatch, /* has_embd */ batch->embd != nullptr);
-    if (!seq.empty()) {
-        llama_sbatch_seq & s = seq[seq.size() - 1];
-        size_t length = s.length < n_ubatch ? s.length : n_ubatch;
-        GGML_ASSERT(s.n_seq_id > 0); // should not be mixed with simple splits
-        add_seq_to_ubatch(ubatch, s, length);
-    }
-    return ubatch;
-}
-
-llama_sbatch::llama_sbatch(const llama_batch & batch, size_t n_embd, bool simple_split) {
-    GGML_ASSERT(batch.n_tokens >= 0);
-    this->batch = &batch;
-    this->n_embd = n_embd;
-
-    n_tokens = batch.n_tokens;
-    ids.resize(n_tokens);
-    out_ids.clear();
-    // TODO: reserve out_ids and seq
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < n_tokens; ++i) {
-        ids[i] = i;
-    }
-
-    if (simple_split) {
-        seq.resize(1);
-        llama_sbatch_seq & s = seq[0];
-        s.n_seq_id = 0;
-        s.seq_id = nullptr;
-        s.offset = 0;
-        s.length = n_tokens;
-        return;
-    }
-
-    std::sort(ids.begin(), ids.end(),
-            [&batch](size_t a, size_t b) {
-                int32_t n_seq_a = batch.n_seq_id ? batch.n_seq_id[a] : 1;
-                int32_t n_seq_b = batch.n_seq_id ? batch.n_seq_id[b] : 1;
-                // sort by seq_id, then by pos
-                if (n_seq_a == n_seq_b) {
-                    if (batch.seq_id) {
-                        for (int32_t i = 0; i < n_seq_a; ++i) {
-                            llama_seq_id seq_id_a = batch.seq_id[a][i];
-                            llama_seq_id seq_id_b = batch.seq_id[b][i];
-                            // smaller seq_ids go first
-                            if (seq_id_a != seq_id_b) {
-                                return seq_id_a < seq_id_b;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                    // when all else is equal, sort by pos
-                    if (batch.pos) {
-                        return batch.pos[a] < batch.pos[b];
-                    }
-                    // no pos, sort by id
-                    return a < b;
-                }
-                // shared prompts go first
-                return n_seq_a > n_seq_b;
-            }
-    );
-
-    // init seq
-    llama_sbatch_seq * last_seq = nullptr;
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < n_tokens; ++i) {
-        const size_t bi = ids[i];
-        const int32_t n_seqs = batch.n_seq_id[bi];
-        llama_seq_id * seq_ids = batch.seq_id[bi];
-        if (last_seq != nullptr) {
-            bool same = n_seqs == last_seq->n_seq_id;
-            for (int32_t j = 0; same && j < n_seqs; ++j) {
-                if (seq_ids[j] != last_seq->seq_id[j]) {
-                    same = false;
-                }
-            }
-            if (same) {
-                last_seq->length += 1;
-                continue;
-            }
-        }
-        llama_sbatch_seq new_seq = {n_seqs, seq_ids, i, 1};
-        seq.push_back(new_seq);
-        last_seq = &seq.back();
-    }
-
-    // keep shared prompts first at the end, then sort by length descending.
-    std::sort(seq.begin(), seq.end(),
-            [](llama_sbatch_seq & a, llama_sbatch_seq & b) {
-                if (a.n_seq_id == b.n_seq_id) {
-                    return a.length > b.length;
-                }
-                return a.n_seq_id < b.n_seq_id;
-            }
-            );
-}
-
-llama_batch_allocr::llama_batch_allocr() {
+llama_batch_allocr::llama_batch_allocr(uint32_t n_pos_per_embd) : n_pos_per_embd(n_pos_per_embd) {
     const char * LLAMA_BATCH_DEBUG = getenv("LLAMA_BATCH_DEBUG");
     debug = LLAMA_BATCH_DEBUG ? atoi(LLAMA_BATCH_DEBUG) : 0;
 
@@ -294,17 +18,22 @@ llama_batch_allocr::llama_batch_allocr() {
     for (auto & cur : seq_cpl) {
         cur.resize(LLAMA_MAX_SEQ);
     }
+
+    seq_idx.resize(LLAMA_MAX_SEQ, -1);
 }
 
 bool llama_batch_allocr::init(
         const llama_batch & batch_inp,
         const llama_vocab & vocab,
         const llama_memory_i * memory,
-        bool embd_all) {
+        uint32_t n_embd,
+        bool output_all) {
     clear();
 
     batch = batch_inp;
 
+    this->vocab = &vocab;
+
     GGML_ASSERT(batch.n_tokens > 0);
 
     //
@@ -359,6 +88,7 @@ bool llama_batch_allocr::init(
         llama_pos p0[LLAMA_MAX_SEQ];
         for (int32_t s = 0; s < LLAMA_MAX_SEQ; ++s) {
             if (!memory) {
+                // if no memory -> start from 0
                 p0[s] = 0;
             } else {
                 p0[s] = memory->seq_pos_max(s) + 1;
@@ -370,8 +100,11 @@ bool llama_batch_allocr::init(
 
             pos[i] = p0[seq_id];
 
+            // update the starting position for all sequences that are assigned to the this token
             for (int32_t s = 0; s < batch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
-                p0[batch.seq_id[i][s]] = pos[i] + 1;
+                const llama_seq_id seq_id = batch.seq_id[i][s];
+
+                p0[seq_id] = pos[i] + 1;
             }
         }
 
@@ -379,7 +112,7 @@ bool llama_batch_allocr::init(
     }
 
     if (!batch.logits) {
-        if (embd_all) {
+        if (output_all) {
             // return the output for all tokens
             output.resize(batch.n_tokens, true);
         } else {
@@ -389,7 +122,7 @@ bool llama_batch_allocr::init(
         }
 
         batch.logits = output.data();
-    } else if (embd_all) {
+    } else if (output_all) {
         bool warn = false;
 
         for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; ++i) {
@@ -410,6 +143,9 @@ bool llama_batch_allocr::init(
     // compute stats
     //
 
+    this->n_embd = n_embd;
+
+    // count the outputs in this batch
     for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; ++i) {
         n_outputs += batch.logits[i] != 0;
     }
@@ -417,85 +153,86 @@ bool llama_batch_allocr::init(
     // determine coupled sequences
     // these are pairs of sequences that have at least one token in the input batch that is assigned to both of them
     for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; ++i) {
+        const llama_seq_id s0 = batch.seq_id[i][0];
+
         for (int32_t s = 0; s < batch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
-            seq_pos[batch.seq_id[i][s]].insert(batch.pos[i]);
+            const llama_seq_id s1 = batch.seq_id[i][s];
 
-            if (s > 0) {
-                const llama_seq_id s0 = batch.seq_id[i][0];
-                const llama_seq_id s1 = batch.seq_id[i][s];
+            seq_pos[s1].insert(batch.pos[i]);
 
+            if (s > 0) {
                 // mark that sequence s1 is coupled to s0
                 seq_cpl[s1][s0] = true;
 
-                // note: the other way around is not necessary for now
+                // note: tracking the other way around is not necessary for now
                 //seq_cpl[s0][s1] = true;
             }
         }
     }
 
-    if (debug > 0) {
-        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s: input batch info:\n", __func__);
-        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   n_tokens  = %d\n", __func__,          batch.n_tokens);
-        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   token     = %p\n", __func__, (void *) batch.token);
-        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   embd      = %p\n", __func__, (void *) batch.embd);
-        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   pos       = %p\n", __func__, (void *) batch.pos);
-        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   n_seq_id  = %p\n", __func__, (void *) batch.n_seq_id);
-        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   seq_id    = %p\n", __func__, (void *) batch.seq_id);
-        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   logits    = %p\n", __func__, (void *) batch.logits);
-        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   n_outputs = %d\n", __func__, n_outputs);
+    // precompute the sequence sets for each token and determine the unique sequence ids that participate in the batch
+    {
+        seq_set_t seq_set_unq;
 
-        if (debug > 1) {
-            int seq_id_max = 0;
-            for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; ++i) {
-                for (int s = 0; s < batch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
-                    for (int s = 0; s < batch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
-                        seq_id_max = std::max(seq_id_max, batch.seq_id[i][s]);
-                    }
-                }
+        for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; ++i) {
+            seq_set_t cur;
+            for (int32_t s = 0; s < batch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
+                const llama_seq_id seq_id = batch.seq_id[i][s];
+
+                cur        .set(seq_id);
+                seq_set_unq.set(seq_id);
             }
-            ++seq_id_max;
 
-            LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   token     = [\n", __func__);
-            for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; ++i) {
-                std::vector<int8_t> seq_id(seq_id_max);
+            seq_set.push_back(cur);
+            seq_set_map[cur].push_back(i);
+        }
 
-                for (int s = 0; s < batch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
-                    seq_id[batch.seq_id[i][s]] = 1;
-                }
+        for (int32_t s = 0; s < LLAMA_MAX_SEQ; ++s) {
+            if (seq_set_unq.test(s)) {
+                seq_idx[s] = seq_id_unq.size();
+                seq_id_unq.push_back(s);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
-                std::stringstream ss;
-                for (int s = 0; s < seq_id_max; ++s) {
-                    if (seq_id[s]) {
-                        ss << s%10;
-                    } else {
-                        ss << ".";
-                    }
-                }
+    if (debug > 0) {
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s: input batch info:\n", __func__);
 
-                LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:  %4d: id = %6d (%16s), pos = %4d, n_seq_id = %2d, seq_id = [%s], output = %d\n",
-                        __func__, i, batch.token[i], vocab.token_to_piece(batch.token[i]).c_str(),
-                        batch.pos[i], batch.n_seq_id[i], ss.str().c_str(), batch.logits[i]);
+        llama_ubatch ubatch {
+            /*.equal_seqs   =*/ false,
+            /*.n_tokens     =*/ (uint32_t) batch.n_tokens,
+            /*.n_seq_tokens =*/ (uint32_t) 1,
+            /*.n_seqs       =*/ (uint32_t) batch.n_tokens,
+            /*.n_seqs_unq   =*/ (uint32_t) this->seq_id_unq.size(),
+            /*.token        =*/ batch.token,
+            /*.embd         =*/ batch.embd,
+            /*.pos          =*/ batch.pos,
+            /*.n_seq_id     =*/ batch.n_seq_id,
+            /*.seq_id       =*/ batch.seq_id,
+            /*.seq_id_unq   =*/ this->seq_id_unq.data(),
+            /*.seq_idx      =*/ this->seq_idx.data(),
+            /*.output       =*/ batch.logits,
+        };
+
+        ubatch_print(ubatch, debug);
+
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   seq       = [\n", __func__);
+        for (int s0 = 0; s0 < (int) seq_pos.size(); ++s0) {
+            if (seq_pos[s0].empty()) {
+                continue;
             }
-            LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   ]\n", __func__);
-
-            LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   seq       = [\n", __func__);
-            for (int s0 = 0; s0 < (int) seq_pos.size(); ++s0) {
-                if (seq_pos[s0].empty()) {
-                    continue;
-                }
 
-                std::stringstream ss;
-                for (int s1 = 0; s1 < (int) seq_cpl[s0].size(); ++s1) {
-                    if (seq_cpl[s0][s1]) {
-                        ss << s1 << " ";
-                    }
+            std::stringstream ss;
+            for (int s1 = 0; s1 < (int) seq_cpl[s0].size(); ++s1) {
+                if (seq_cpl[s0][s1]) {
+                    ss << s1 << " ";
                 }
-
-                LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:  %4d: pos = [%4d, %4d], cpl = %s\n",
-                        __func__, s0, seq_pos_min(s0), seq_pos_max(s0), ss.str().empty() ? "-" : ss.str().c_str());
             }
-            LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   ]\n", __func__);
+
+            LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:  %4d: pos = [%4d, %4d], cpl = %s\n",
+                    __func__, s0, seq_pos_min(s0), seq_pos_max(s0), ss.str().empty() ? "-" : ss.str().c_str());
         }
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   ]\n", __func__);
     }
 
     //
@@ -507,9 +244,35 @@ bool llama_batch_allocr::init(
             continue;
         }
 
-        if (memory && seq_pos_min(s) != memory->seq_pos_max(s) + 1) {
-            LLAMA_LOG_ERROR("%s: sequence %d does not start from the last position stored in the memory\n", __func__, s);
-            return false;
+        const llama_pos p0 = memory ? memory->seq_pos_max(s) : -1;
+
+        if (p0 >= 0) {
+            bool ok = true;
+
+            if (batch.token) {
+                if (seq_pos_min(s) != p0 + 1) {
+                    ok = false;
+                }
+            } else {
+                assert(batch.embd);
+
+                // for embeddings (typically used as vision input), we allow them to have repeating positions
+                // ref: https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/issues/13694#issuecomment-2983871762
+                if (seq_pos_min(s) != p0 && seq_pos_min(s) != p0 + 1) {
+                    ok = false;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!ok) {
+                LLAMA_LOG_ERROR(
+                        "%s: the tokens of sequence %d in the input batch have inconsistent sequence positions:\n"
+                        " - the last position stored in the memory module of the context (i.e. the KV cache) for sequence %d is X = %d\n"
+                        " - the tokens for sequence %d in the input batch have a starting position of Y = %d\n"
+                        " it is required that the sequence positions remain consecutive: Y = X + 1\n",
+                        __func__, s, s, p0, s, seq_pos_min(s));
+
+                return false;
+            }
         }
 
         if (seq_pos_max(s) - seq_pos_min(s) + 1 > (int) seq_pos[s].size()) {
@@ -532,17 +295,120 @@ bool llama_batch_allocr::init(
         }
     }
 
+    // disallow partial sequence sub-sets:
+    //
+    // invalid:          x
+    //            i: 0 1 2 ...
+    // ---------------------------------------
+    // seq_id[i][0]: 0 0 1
+    // seq_id[i][1]: 1 1 2
+    // seq_id[i][2]: 2
+    //
+    // disallow decreasing sequence positions:
+    //
+    // invalid:                  x
+    //            i: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 ...
+    // ---------------------------------------
+    //       pos[i]: 4 5 0 1 6 2 3
+    // seq_id[i][0]: 0 0 1 1 0 1 0
+    //
+    {
+        seq_set_t cur_seq_set[LLAMA_MAX_SEQ];
+        for (int32_t s = 0; s < LLAMA_MAX_SEQ; ++s) {
+            cur_seq_set[s].set();
+        }
+
+        llama_pos cur_seq_pos[LLAMA_MAX_SEQ];
+        for (int32_t s = 0; s < LLAMA_MAX_SEQ; ++s) {
+            cur_seq_pos[s] = -1;
+        }
+
+        for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; ++i) {
+            const llama_pos pos = batch.pos[i];
+
+            for (int32_t s = 0; s < batch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
+                const llama_seq_id seq_id = batch.seq_id[i][s];
+
+                cur_seq_set[seq_id] &= seq_set[i];
+
+                if (cur_seq_set[seq_id].none()) {
+                    LLAMA_LOG_ERROR("%s: sequence %d belongs to incompatible sequence sets (not allowed)\n", __func__, seq_id);
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                if (pos < cur_seq_pos[seq_id]) {
+                    LLAMA_LOG_ERROR("%s: sequence %d positions are decreasing (not allowed)\n", __func__, seq_id);
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    split_reset();
+
     return true;
 }
 
+llama_ubatch llama_batch_allocr::ubatch_reserve(uint32_t n_seq_tokens, uint32_t n_seqs) {
+    const uint32_t n_tokens = n_seq_tokens*n_seqs;
+
+    clear();
+    split_reset();
+
+    ubatches.emplace_back();
+
+    auto & ubatch = ubatches.back();
+
+    ubatch.token     .resize(n_tokens);
+    ubatch.embd      .clear();
+    ubatch.pos       .resize(n_tokens);
+    ubatch.n_seq_id  .resize(n_tokens);
+    ubatch.seq_id    .resize(n_tokens);
+    ubatch.seq_id_unq.resize(0);
+    ubatch.seq_idx   .resize(LLAMA_MAX_SEQ, -1);
+    ubatch.output    .resize(n_tokens);
+
+    for (uint32_t s = 0; s < n_seqs; ++s) {
+        ubatch.seq_idx[s] = s;
+        ubatch.seq_id_unq.push_back(s);
+    }
+
+    llama_ubatch res {
+        /*.equal_seqs   =*/ true,
+        /*.n_tokens     =*/ n_tokens,
+        /*.n_seq_tokens =*/ n_seq_tokens,
+        /*.n_seqs       =*/ n_seqs,
+        /*.n_seqs_unq   =*/ n_seqs,
+
+        /*.token        =*/ ubatch.token.data(),
+        /*.embd         =*/ nullptr,
+        /*.pos          =*/ ubatch.pos.data(),
+        /*.n_seq_id     =*/ ubatch.n_seq_id.data(),
+        /*.seq_id       =*/ ubatch.seq_id.data(),
+        /*.seq_id_unq   =*/ ubatch.seq_id_unq.data(),
+        /*.seq_idx      =*/ ubatch.seq_idx.data(),
+        /*.output       =*/ ubatch.output.data(),
+    };
+
+    return res;
+}
+
 const llama_batch & llama_batch_allocr::get_batch() const {
     return batch;
 }
 
+uint32_t llama_batch_allocr::get_n_tokens() const {
+    return batch.n_tokens;
+}
+
 uint32_t llama_batch_allocr::get_n_outputs() const {
     return n_outputs;
 }
 
+std::vector<int32_t> & llama_batch_allocr::get_out_ids() {
+    return out_ids;
+}
+
 llama_pos llama_batch_allocr::seq_pos_min(llama_seq_id seq_id) const {
     return seq_pos[seq_id].empty() ? -1 : *seq_pos[seq_id].begin();
 }
@@ -551,14 +417,188 @@ llama_pos llama_batch_allocr::seq_pos_max(llama_seq_id seq_id) const {
     return seq_pos[seq_id].empty() ? -1 : *seq_pos[seq_id].rbegin();
 }
 
+void llama_batch_allocr::split_reset() {
+    out_ids.clear();
+
+    used.clear();
+    used.resize(get_n_tokens(), false);
+
+    ubatches.clear();
+}
+
+llama_ubatch llama_batch_allocr::split_simple(uint32_t n_ubatch) {
+    // find the first unused token
+    uint32_t cur_idx = 0;
+    while (cur_idx < used.size() && used[cur_idx]) {
+        ++cur_idx;
+    }
+
+    // we are done
+    if (cur_idx >= used.size()) {
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    std::vector<int32_t> idxs;
+
+    while (true) {
+        idxs.push_back(cur_idx);
+
+        used[cur_idx] = true;
+
+        ++cur_idx;
+
+        if (cur_idx >= used.size()) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (idxs.size() >= n_ubatch) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ubatch_add(idxs, idxs.size(), false);
+}
+
+llama_ubatch llama_batch_allocr::split_equal(uint32_t n_ubatch) {
+    std::vector<seq_set_t> cur_seq_set;
+
+    // determine the non-overlapping sequence sets participating in this ubatch
+    for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; ++i) {
+        if (used[i]) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        bool add = true;
+
+        for (uint32_t s = 0; s < cur_seq_set.size(); ++s) {
+            // no overlap with existing sequence sets:
+            if (!(cur_seq_set[s] & seq_set[i]).none()) {
+                add = false;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (add) {
+            cur_seq_set.push_back(seq_set[i]);
+
+            if (cur_seq_set.size() > n_ubatch) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    const uint32_t n_seqs = cur_seq_set.size();
+
+    // we are done
+    if (n_seqs == 0) {
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // the current batch index of each sequence set
+    std::vector<int32_t> cur_idx(n_seqs, 0);
+
+    for (uint32_t s = 0; s < n_seqs; ++s) {
+        while (used[seq_set_map[cur_seq_set[s]][cur_idx[s]]]) {
+            ++cur_idx[s];
+        }
+    }
+
+    // the list of batch indices for each sequence set
+    // at the end we will concat these to get the final ubatch
+    std::vector<idx_vec_t> idxs_per_seq(n_seqs);
+
+    while (true) {
+        // we can only add new n_seq_tokens tokens if all the sequence sets have at least one more unused token and
+        //   if we haven't reached n_ubatch
+        bool can_expand = true;
+
+        for (uint32_t s = 0; s < n_seqs; ++s) {
+            if (cur_idx[s] >= (int32_t) seq_set_map[cur_seq_set[s]].size()) {
+                can_expand = false;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!can_expand) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        for (uint32_t s = 0; s < n_seqs; ++s) {
+            const int32_t idx = seq_set_map[cur_seq_set[s]][cur_idx[s]];
+
+            idxs_per_seq[s].push_back(idx);
+
+            used[idx] = true;
+
+            ++cur_idx[s];
+        }
+
+        if  ((idxs_per_seq[0].size() + 1)*n_seqs > n_ubatch) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // concat the per-sequence-set lists
+    std::vector<int32_t> idxs;
+
+    for (uint32_t s = 0; s < n_seqs; ++s) {
+        idxs.insert(idxs.end(), idxs_per_seq[s].begin(), idxs_per_seq[s].end());
+    }
+
+    return ubatch_add(idxs, n_seqs, true);
+}
+
+llama_ubatch llama_batch_allocr::split_seq(uint32_t n_ubatch) {
+    // find the first unused token
+    uint32_t cur_idx = 0;
+    while (cur_idx < used.size() && used[cur_idx]) {
+        ++cur_idx;
+    }
+
+    // we are done
+    if (cur_idx >= used.size()) {
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // this is the starting sequence set
+    // we allow adding tokens only if their sequence set is a subset of the current sequence set
+    auto cur_seq_set = seq_set[cur_idx];
+
+    std::vector<int32_t> idxs;
+
+    while (true) {
+        idxs.push_back(cur_idx);
+
+        used[cur_idx] = true;
+
+        if (idxs.size() >= n_ubatch) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        do {
+            ++cur_idx;
+        } while (cur_idx < get_n_tokens() && (used[cur_idx] || ((cur_seq_set & seq_set[cur_idx]) != seq_set[cur_idx])));
+
+        if (cur_idx == get_n_tokens()) {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        cur_seq_set = seq_set[cur_idx];
+    }
+
+    return ubatch_add(idxs, 1, true);
+}
+
 void llama_batch_allocr::clear() {
     n_outputs = 0;
 
     batch = {};
-    pos.clear();
-    n_seq_id.clear();
-    seq_id.clear();
-    output.clear();
+
+    pos       .clear();
+    n_seq_id  .clear();
+    seq_id    .clear();
+    seq_id_unq.clear();
+    output    .clear();
 
     for (auto & cur : seq_pos) {
         cur.clear();
@@ -567,6 +607,177 @@ void llama_batch_allocr::clear() {
     for (auto & cur : seq_cpl) {
         std::fill(cur.begin(), cur.end(), false);
     }
+
+    seq_set.clear();
+
+    seq_set_map.clear();
+
+    std::fill(seq_idx.begin(), seq_idx.end(), -1);
+}
+
+llama_ubatch llama_batch_allocr::ubatch_add(const std::vector<int32_t> & idxs, uint32_t n_seqs, bool equal_seqs) {
+    const uint32_t n_tokens = idxs.size();
+
+    assert(n_tokens%n_seqs == 0);
+
+    ubatches.emplace_back();
+
+    auto & ubatch = ubatches.back();
+
+    const int32_t n_pos_cur = batch.embd ? n_pos_per_embd : 1;
+
+    const int64_t n_embd_all = batch.embd ? (int64_t) n_tokens*n_embd : 0;
+    const int64_t n_pos_all  =              (int64_t) n_tokens*n_pos_cur;
+
+    ubatch.token     .resize(n_tokens);
+    ubatch.embd      .resize(n_embd_all);
+    ubatch.pos       .resize(n_pos_all);
+    ubatch.n_seq_id  .resize(n_tokens);
+    ubatch.seq_id    .resize(n_tokens);
+    ubatch.seq_id_unq.resize(0);
+    ubatch.seq_idx   .resize(LLAMA_MAX_SEQ, -1);
+    ubatch.output    .resize(n_tokens);
+
+    seq_set_t seq_set_unq;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < idxs.size(); ++i) {
+        if (batch.token) {
+            ubatch.token[i] = batch.token[idxs[i]];
+        }
+
+        if (batch.embd) {
+            memcpy(ubatch.embd.data() + i*n_embd, batch.embd + (int64_t) idxs[i]*n_embd, n_embd*sizeof(float));
+        }
+
+        for (int j = 0; j < n_pos_cur; ++j) {
+            ubatch.pos[j*n_tokens + i] = batch.pos[j*batch.n_tokens + idxs[i]];
+        }
+
+        ubatch.n_seq_id[i] = batch.n_seq_id[idxs[i]];
+        ubatch.seq_id[i]   = batch.seq_id[idxs[i]];
+        ubatch.output[i]   = batch.logits[idxs[i]];
+
+        for (int s = 0; s < ubatch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
+            seq_set_unq.set(ubatch.seq_id[i][s]);
+        }
+
+        if (ubatch.output[i]) {
+            out_ids.push_back(idxs[i]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (int32_t s = 0; s < LLAMA_MAX_SEQ; ++s) {
+        if (seq_set_unq.test(s)) {
+            ubatch.seq_idx[s] = ubatch.seq_id_unq.size();
+            ubatch.seq_id_unq.push_back(s);
+        }
+    }
+
+    llama_ubatch res {
+        /*.equal_seqs   =*/ equal_seqs,
+        /*.n_tokens     =*/ n_tokens,
+        /*.n_seq_tokens =*/ n_tokens/n_seqs,
+        /*.n_seqs       =*/ n_seqs,
+        /*.n_seqs_unq   =*/ (uint32_t) ubatch.seq_id_unq.size(),
+
+        /*.token        =*/ batch.token ? ubatch.token.data() : nullptr,
+        /*.embd         =*/ batch.embd ? ubatch.embd.data() : nullptr,
+        /*.pos          =*/ ubatch.pos.data(),
+        /*.n_seq_id     =*/ ubatch.n_seq_id.data(),
+        /*.seq_id       =*/ ubatch.seq_id.data(),
+        /*.seq_id_unq   =*/ ubatch.seq_id_unq.data(),
+        /*.seq_idx      =*/ ubatch.seq_idx.data(),
+        /*.output       =*/ ubatch.output.data(),
+    };
+
+    if (debug > 0) {
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s: added ubatch %d to split:\n", __func__, (int) ubatches.size() - 1);
+
+        ubatch_print(res, debug);
+    }
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+void llama_batch_allocr::ubatch_print(const llama_ubatch & ubatch, int debug) {
+    if (debug > 0) {
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   equal_seqs   = %d\n", __func__, ubatch.equal_seqs);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   n_tokens     = %d\n", __func__, ubatch.n_tokens);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   n_seq_tokens = %d\n", __func__, ubatch.n_seq_tokens);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   n_seqs       = %d\n", __func__, ubatch.n_seqs);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   n_seqs_unq   = %d\n", __func__, ubatch.n_seqs_unq);
+
+        std::stringstream ss_seq_id_unq;
+        std::stringstream ss_seq_idx;
+
+        ss_seq_id_unq << "[ ";
+        ss_seq_idx << "[";
+
+        for (uint32_t s = 0; s < ubatch.n_seqs_unq; ++s) {
+            ss_seq_id_unq << ubatch.seq_id_unq[s] << " ";
+        }
+
+        for (uint32_t s = 0; s < LLAMA_MAX_SEQ; ++s) {
+            if (ubatch.seq_idx[s] >= 0) {
+                ss_seq_idx << ubatch.seq_idx[s]%10;
+            } else {
+                ss_seq_idx << ".";
+            }
+        }
+
+        ss_seq_id_unq << "]";
+        ss_seq_idx    << "]";
+
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   token      = %p\n", __func__, (void *) ubatch.token);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   embd       = %p\n", __func__, (void *) ubatch.embd);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   pos        = %p\n", __func__, (void *) ubatch.pos);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   n_seq_id   = %p\n", __func__, (void *) ubatch.n_seq_id);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   seq_id     = %p\n", __func__, (void *) ubatch.seq_id);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   seq_id_unq = %s\n", __func__, ss_seq_id_unq.str().c_str());
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   seq_idx    = %s\n", __func__, ss_seq_idx.str().c_str());
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   output     = %p\n", __func__, (void *) ubatch.output);
+        LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   n_outputs  = %d\n", __func__, n_outputs);
+
+        if (debug > 1) {
+            int seq_id_max = 0;
+            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ubatch.n_tokens; ++i) {
+                for (int s = 0; s < ubatch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
+                    for (int s = 0; s < ubatch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
+                        seq_id_max = std::max(seq_id_max, ubatch.seq_id[i][s]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            ++seq_id_max;
+
+            LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   token     = [\n", __func__);
+            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ubatch.n_tokens; ++i) {
+                std::vector<int8_t> seq_id(seq_id_max);
+
+                for (int s = 0; s < ubatch.n_seq_id[i]; ++s) {
+                    seq_id[ubatch.seq_id[i][s]] = 1;
+                }
+
+                std::stringstream ss;
+                for (int s = 0; s < seq_id_max; ++s) {
+                    if (seq_id[s]) {
+                        ss << s%10;
+                    } else {
+                        ss << ".";
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (ubatch.token) {
+                    LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:  %4d: id = %6d (%16s), pos = %4d, n_seq_id = %2d, seq_id = [%s], output = %d\n",
+                            __func__, i, ubatch.token[i], vocab->token_to_piece(ubatch.token[i]).c_str(),
+                            ubatch.pos[i], ubatch.n_seq_id[i], ss.str().c_str(), ubatch.output[i]);
+                } else {
+                    LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:  %4d: [embd], pos = %4d, n_seq_id = %2d, seq_id = [%s], output = %d\n",
+                            __func__, i, ubatch.pos[i], ubatch.n_seq_id[i], ss.str().c_str(), ubatch.output[i]);
+                }
+            }
+            LLAMA_LOG_DEBUG("%s:   ]\n", __func__);
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 //
@@ -577,25 +788,25 @@ struct llama_batch llama_batch_get_one(
              llama_token * tokens,
                  int32_t   n_tokens) {
     return {
-        /*n_tokens       =*/ n_tokens,
-        /*tokens         =*/ tokens,
-        /*embd           =*/ nullptr,
-        /*pos            =*/ nullptr,
-        /*n_seq_id       =*/ nullptr,
-        /*seq_id         =*/ nullptr,
-        /*logits         =*/ nullptr,
+        /*n_tokens =*/ n_tokens,
+        /*tokens   =*/ tokens,
+        /*embd     =*/ nullptr,
+        /*pos      =*/ nullptr,
+        /*n_seq_id =*/ nullptr,
+        /*seq_id   =*/ nullptr,
+        /*logits   =*/ nullptr,
     };
 }
 
 struct llama_batch llama_batch_init(int32_t n_tokens_alloc, int32_t embd, int32_t n_seq_max) {
     llama_batch batch = {
-        /*n_tokens       =*/ 0,
-        /*tokens         =*/ nullptr,
-        /*embd           =*/ nullptr,
-        /*pos            =*/ nullptr,
-        /*n_seq_id       =*/ nullptr,
-        /*seq_id         =*/ nullptr,
-        /*logits         =*/ nullptr,
+        /*n_tokens =*/ 0,
+        /*tokens   =*/ nullptr,
+        /*embd     =*/ nullptr,
+        /*pos      =*/ nullptr,
+        /*n_seq_id =*/ nullptr,
+        /*seq_id   =*/ nullptr,
+        /*logits   =*/ nullptr,
     };
 
     if (embd) {