@nifrajs/core 5.5.1 → 5.6.0

package/src/reflection.ts

@@ -54,6 +54,11 @@ export interface SchemaReflection {
   readonly standard: StandardSchemaV1 | undefined
   /** Raw JSON Schema metadata, when the value exposes it or is itself a raw JSON Schema. */
   readonly jsonSchema: JsonSchema | undefined
+  /**
+   * Set when `jsonSchema` came from the schema's Standard JSON Schema converter (`~standard.jsonSchema`)
+   * rather than from metadata it carries. Such output may use `$defs` and `$ref`.
+   */
+  readonly converted?: true
   /** Top-level object fields, or `undefined` when the JSON Schema is absent/non-object. */
   readonly fields: readonly ReflectedSchemaField[] | undefined
   /**
@@ -83,8 +88,16 @@ export interface ReflectedRouteSchema {
   readonly errors?: Readonly<Record<string, SchemaReflection>>
   /** The SSE event-payload schema of a typed streaming route (`app.sse()`). */
   readonly sse?: SchemaReflection
+  /**
+   * Set when an `onValidationError` hook (the route's own, or the app-wide default) answers this
+   * route's validation failures, so its 422 body is whatever the hook returns.
+   */
+  readonly validationErrorHook?: true
 }
 
+/** Which side of a schema to describe: the value a request sends, or the value a response carries. */
+export type SchemaSide = "input" | "output"
+
 export interface ReflectedRoute {
   readonly method: string
   readonly path: string
@@ -118,6 +131,22 @@ const standardOf = (value: unknown): StandardSchemaV1 | undefined => {
     : undefined
 }
 
+/** The JSON Schema a Standard JSON Schema (`~standard.jsonSchema`) converts `side` to, if it has one. */
+const standardJsonSchemaOf = (
+  standard: StandardSchemaV1,
+  side: SchemaSide,
+): JsonSchema | undefined => {
+  const converters = recordOf(recordOf(standard["~standard"])?.jsonSchema)
+  const convert = converters?.[side]
+  if (typeof convert !== "function") return undefined
+  try {
+    return normalizeJsonSchema(Reflect.apply(convert, converters, [{ target: "draft-2020-12" }]))
+  } catch {
+    // A library throws for a type JSON Schema cannot express (zod's `z.date()`); the schema stays opaque.
+    return undefined
+  }
+}
+
 const jsonSchemaOf = (
   value: unknown,
   standard: StandardSchemaV1 | undefined,
@@ -197,14 +226,21 @@ const mediaTypesOf = (value: unknown): readonly string[] | undefined => {
 /**
  * Reflect a Standard Schema, Nifra/TypeBox schema carrier, or raw JSON Schema. Never throws.
  * Validation-only schemas have `standard` but no `jsonSchema`; raw JSON Schema has the reverse.
+ * A Standard JSON Schema is read on `side`, since a default or a transform makes the two differ.
  */
-export function reflectSchema(value: unknown): SchemaReflection {
+export function reflectSchema(value: unknown, side: SchemaSide = "input"): SchemaReflection {
   const standard = standardOf(value)
-  const jsonSchema = jsonSchemaOf(value, standard)
+  const carried = jsonSchemaOf(value, standard)
+  const converted =
+    carried === undefined && standard !== undefined
+      ? standardJsonSchemaOf(standard, side)
+      : undefined
+  const jsonSchema = carried ?? converted
   const mediaTypes = mediaTypesOf(value)
   return {
     standard,
     jsonSchema,
+    ...(converted !== undefined ? { converted: true as const } : {}),
     fields: fieldsOf(jsonSchema),
     ...(mediaTypes !== undefined ? { mediaTypes } : {}),
   }
@@ -222,14 +258,17 @@ const routeCandidates = (source: unknown): readonly unknown[] => {
   }
 }
 
-const reflectedRouteSchema = (value: unknown): ReflectedRouteSchema | undefined => {
+const reflectedRouteSchema = (
+  value: unknown,
+  appValidationHook: boolean,
+): ReflectedRouteSchema | undefined => {
   const schema = recordOf(value)
   if (schema === undefined) return undefined
   const errors = recordOf(schema.errors)
   const reflectedErrors: Record<string, SchemaReflection> = {}
   if (errors !== undefined) {
     for (const [status, errorSchema] of Object.entries(errors)) {
-      reflectedErrors[status] = reflectSchema(errorSchema)
+      reflectedErrors[status] = reflectSchema(errorSchema, "output")
     }
   }
   return {
@@ -249,9 +288,14 @@ const reflectedRouteSchema = (value: unknown): ReflectedRouteSchema | undefined
     ...(schema.body !== undefined ? { body: reflectSchema(schema.body) } : {}),
     ...(schema.query !== undefined ? { query: reflectSchema(schema.query) } : {}),
     ...(schema.params !== undefined ? { params: reflectSchema(schema.params) } : {}),
-    ...(schema.response !== undefined ? { response: reflectSchema(schema.response) } : {}),
+    ...(schema.response !== undefined
+      ? { response: reflectSchema(schema.response, "output") }
+      : {}),
     ...(Object.keys(reflectedErrors).length > 0 ? { errors: reflectedErrors } : {}),
-    ...(schema.sse !== undefined ? { sse: reflectSchema(schema.sse) } : {}),
+    ...(schema.sse !== undefined ? { sse: reflectSchema(schema.sse, "output") } : {}),
+    ...(appValidationHook || typeof schema.onValidationError === "function"
+      ? { validationErrorHook: true as const }
+      : {}),
   }
 }
 
@@ -326,10 +370,12 @@ const reflectedSockets = (source: unknown): ReflectedRoute[] => {
  */
 export function reflectRoutes(source: unknown): readonly ReflectedRoute[] {
   const reflected: ReflectedRoute[] = []
+  // The app-wide `server({ onValidationError })` lives on the server, not on each route descriptor.
+  const appValidationHook = typeof recordOf(source)?.defaultOnValidationError === "function"
   for (const candidate of routeCandidates(source)) {
     const route = recordOf(candidate)
     if (typeof route?.method !== "string" || typeof route.path !== "string") continue
-    const schema = reflectedRouteSchema(route.schema)
+    const schema = reflectedRouteSchema(route.schema, appValidationHook)
     const tool = reflectedTool(route.tool)
     const assurance = reflectedAssurance(route.assurance)
     const capabilities = normalizeRouteCapabilities(

package/src/response-observer.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ import {
 } from "./server/response-observer-runtime.ts"
 import type { AnyServer } from "./server/server.ts"
 
+export {
+  markRepeatedPrefix,
+  type RepeatedPrefix,
+  repeatedPrefixOf,
+} from "./server/repeated-prefix.ts"
+
 export type {
   NodeResponseBodyHook,
   ResponseBodyHook,

package/src/server/bare-error-lane.ts

@@ -17,9 +17,10 @@
  * which lane caught it. Both the generic bare lane and the fused body runner route here, so that
  * decision lives in exactly one place.
  */
-import { pathnameOf } from "./http.ts"
+import { clientBodyErrorCode } from "./body.ts"
+import { pathnameOf, plainError } from "./http.ts"
 import type { Logger } from "./logger.ts"
-import { isResponseResult } from "./runtime-core.ts"
+import { isResponseResult, type ResponseResult } from "./runtime-core.ts"
 import type { CtxSet, RawContext } from "./server.ts"
 
 /** How much of a thrown error's own text reaches the log sink. Mirrors `Server`'s option. */
@@ -31,6 +32,8 @@ export type ErrorLogDetail = "full" | "message" | "none"
  *     Either renders through the same `finalize` a RETURNED one takes, with the request's `c.set`,
  *     so a thrown one means what the return means: a `Response` ships as built, plus the cookies the
  *     request queued (the set-session-then-`throw redirect()` pattern);
+ *   - a request body the app's own `c.req.json()` or `c.req.formData()` could not parse is the
+ *     client's 400 (`invalid_json`, `invalid_form`);
  *   - anything else is a real fault: logged once, then a bodyless 500 (never the caller's error text).
  *
  * `responseSet` and `logError` are injected rather than imported so this file keeps no runtime edge
@@ -43,11 +46,13 @@ export function renderBareError<T>(
   finalize: (result: unknown, set: CtxSet, ctx: RawContext) => T,
   responseSet: (ctx: RawContext) => CtxSet,
   logError: (err: unknown, ctx: RawContext) => void,
-  internalError: () => T,
+  wrapResponse: (response: ResponseResult) => T,
 ): T {
   if (err instanceof Response || isResponseResult(err)) return finalize(err, responseSet(ctx), ctx)
+  const clientCode = clientBodyErrorCode(err)
+  if (clientCode !== undefined) return wrapResponse(plainError(400, clientCode))
   logError(err, ctx)
-  return internalError()
+  return wrapResponse(plainError(500, "internal_error"))
 }
 
 /**

package/src/server/before-handler.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import type { Context } from "./context.ts"
+
+/** Hooks {@link beforeHandler} marked; the kernel keeps them after guards registered later. */
+export const LAST_BEFORE_HANDLE = new WeakSet<object>()
+
+/**
+ * Mark a `beforeHandle` hook to run just before the handler: a guard registered after it in the same
+ * scope still goes ahead of it, so it only sees requests every guard admitted. A hook that answers
+ * from stored state (an idempotency replay) needs this, or it would answer ahead of a later guard.
+ */
+export function beforeHandler<H extends (context: Context) => unknown>(hook: H): H {
+  LAST_BEFORE_HANDLE.add(hook)
+  return hook
+}

package/src/server/body-lane.ts

@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@ type FramedJsonSource = RequestSource & {
 
 const INVALID_JSON = (): ResponseResult => plainError(400, "invalid_json")
 
+// `Deno.serve`'s own `Request.json()` keeps a leading UTF-8 byte order mark that its `text()` and every
+// other runtime's `json()` drop, so it refuses a body they parse. Deno decodes the bytes itself below.
+const nativeJsonKeepsBom = "Deno" in globalThis
+
 /** Read a JSON source with the declared-length precheck, delivered-byte recheck, streaming cap, and
  * prototype-poisoning guard in one lane. */
 export function readBoundedJsonSource(
@@ -72,7 +76,7 @@ export function readBoundedJsonSource<T>(
         ? Promise.resolve(plainError(413, "payload_too_large"))
         : Promise.resolve(plainError(413, "payload_too_large")).then(onResult)
 
-    if (hasTrustedBodyFraming(req)) {
+    if (hasTrustedBodyFraming(req) && !nativeJsonKeepsBom) {
       return raw.json().then(
         (parsed) => {
           try {
@@ -156,17 +160,23 @@ export function readBoundedJsonSource<T>(
   }
 
   const body = raw.body
+  // A body off a client's connection that fails mid-read is refused as this lane's other failures
+  // are; one built in this process, or a stream the app already holds, keeps its error.
+  const refuseFailedRead = body !== null && !body.locked && hasTrustedBodyFraming(req)
   const streamed =
     body === null
       ? Promise.resolve<unknown | ResponseResult>(plainError(400, "invalid_json"))
-      : drainCapped(body, maxBytes).then((drained) => {
-          if (!drained.ok) return plainError(413, "payload_too_large")
-          try {
-            return parseJsonGuarded(TEXT_DECODER.decode(drained.bytes), protoPoisoning)
-          } catch {
-            return plainError(400, "invalid_json")
-          }
-        })
+      : drainCapped(body, maxBytes).then(
+          (drained) => {
+            if (!drained.ok) return plainError(413, "payload_too_large")
+            try {
+              return parseJsonGuarded(TEXT_DECODER.decode(drained.bytes), protoPoisoning)
+            } catch {
+              return plainError(400, "invalid_json")
+            }
+          },
+          refuseFailedRead ? INVALID_JSON : undefined,
+        )
   return onResult === undefined ? streamed : streamed.then(onResult, onError)
 }
 

package/src/server/body-parser.ts

@@ -210,11 +210,7 @@ export function bodyParser<Schema extends StandardSchemaV1>(
         : inner(source, contentType, maxBodyBytes, protoPoisoning)
     }
     const body = await readBoundedBytes(source, maxBodyBytes)
-    if (!body.ok) {
-      return body.status === 413
-        ? plainError(413, "payload_too_large")
-        : plainError(400, "invalid_content_length")
-    }
+    if (!body.ok) return plainError(body.status, body.error)
     try {
       const value = await parse(body.bytes, { mediaType, contentType })
       settle(value, protoPoisoning)

package/src/server/body.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { jsonError } from "./http.ts"
 interface BodySource {
   readonly headers: Pick<Headers, "get">
   readonly body: ReadableStream<Uint8Array> | null
+  readonly bodyUsed?: boolean
   arrayBuffer(): Promise<ArrayBuffer>
   bytes?(): Promise<Uint8Array>
 }
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ interface BodySource {
 export interface RawBodyReaders {
   readonly headers: Pick<Headers, "get">
   readonly body: ReadableStream<Uint8Array> | null
+  readonly bodyUsed?: boolean
   arrayBuffer(): Promise<ArrayBuffer>
   /** Runtime-native exact-byte reader, when the request implementation exposes one. */
   bytes?(): Promise<Uint8Array>
@@ -65,13 +67,26 @@ export function parseContentLength(value: string): number | undefined {
   return length
 }
 
+/** Why a bounded read refused a body: the status and the error code it is answered with. */
+export type BoundedReadFailure =
+  | { ok: false; status: 413; error: "payload_too_large" }
+  | { ok: false; status: 400; error: "invalid_content_length" | "invalid_body" }
+
+const TOO_LARGE: { ok: false; status: 413; error: "payload_too_large" } = {
+  ok: false,
+  status: 413,
+  error: "payload_too_large",
+}
+const BAD_LENGTH: BoundedReadFailure = { ok: false, status: 400, error: "invalid_content_length" }
+const UNREADABLE: BoundedReadFailure = { ok: false, status: 400, error: "invalid_body" }
+
 /** The shared streaming byte-cap loop: read until done, or cancel + 413 once over `maxBytes`.
  * A single-chunk body (the common case for small chunked payloads) returns the runtime's own
  * chunk directly - no chunk array, no copy-merge. */
 export async function drainCapped(
   body: ReadableStream<Uint8Array>,
   maxBytes: number,
-): Promise<{ ok: true; bytes: Uint8Array } | { ok: false; status: 413 }> {
+): Promise<{ ok: true; bytes: Uint8Array } | typeof TOO_LARGE> {
   assertByteLimit(maxBytes)
   const reader = body.getReader()
   let first: Uint8Array | undefined
@@ -85,7 +100,7 @@ export async function drainCapped(
       // Not awaited: on a teed body (a `clone()` taken first) the cancel settles only once the other
       // branch is read or cancelled too, and nothing here ever reads it.
       reader.cancel().catch(() => {})
-      return { ok: false, status: 413 }
+      return TOO_LARGE
     }
     if (first === undefined) {
       first = value
@@ -112,38 +127,55 @@ export async function drainCapped(
  * `Content-Length` within the cap is read via native `arrayBuffer()`, then the **real** byte count
  * is checked against the declared length - a source that delivers more than it declared (a lying
  * or upstream-decoding adapter) is rejected with `413` even though its header passed the hint.
+ * A body a runtime took off a client's connection that fails while it is read - a client that hung
+ * up inside it, which only Deno hands an app - is refused `400` `invalid_body`. A body built in this
+ * process keeps its producer's error, and a reader the app spent or locked keeps its throw.
  */
 export async function readBoundedBytes(
   source: BodySource,
   maxBytes: number,
-): Promise<{ ok: true; bytes: Uint8Array } | { ok: false; status: 400 | 413 }> {
+): Promise<{ ok: true; bytes: Uint8Array } | BoundedReadFailure> {
   assertByteLimit(maxBytes)
   const req = rawBodySourceOf(source)
   const declared = req.headers.get("content-length")
+  let length: number | undefined
   if (declared !== null) {
     // A present Content-Length must be a non-negative integer (HTTP grammar: `1*DIGIT`). A non-numeric
     // / negative / fractional value is malformed → 400, rather than falling through to the streaming
     // guard (an UPPER-bound cap only, so a lying SMALLER length would otherwise be read in full).
-    const length = parseContentLength(declared)
-    if (length === undefined) return { ok: false, status: 400 }
-    if (length > maxBytes) return { ok: false, status: 413 }
-    const chunked = req.headers.get("transfer-encoding") !== null
-    if (!chunked) {
-      const bytesReader = req.bytes
-      const bytes =
-        bytesReader === undefined
-          ? new Uint8Array(await req.arrayBuffer())
-          : await bytesReader.call(req)
-      // Content-Length was the fast-reject hint, never the enforcement: a lying or buffering
-      // source (an adapter that decoded/expanded the body upstream) can hand over more bytes
-      // than it declared. `length <= maxBytes` held above, so one comparison seals the cap.
-      if (bytes.byteLength > length) return { ok: false, status: 413 }
-      return { ok: true, bytes }
+    length = parseContentLength(declared)
+    if (length === undefined) return BAD_LENGTH
+    if (length > maxBytes) return TOO_LARGE
+  }
+  const fromClient = hasTrustedBodyFraming(source) || hasTrustedBodyFraming(req)
+  if (length !== undefined && req.headers.get("transfer-encoding") === null) {
+    // Called outside the `try`: a spent reader throws synchronously, and that throw is the app's.
+    // A Request the app already read or locked rejects instead. Only a read that disturbed an unused
+    // body failed on the client's side; Bun marks a locked body used, Node and Deno leave it unused.
+    const usedBefore = req.bodyUsed
+    const bytesReader = req.bytes
+    const reading =
+      bytesReader === undefined
+        ? req.arrayBuffer().then((buffer) => new Uint8Array(buffer))
+        : bytesReader.call(req)
+    let bytes: Uint8Array
+    try {
+      bytes = await reading
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (fromClient && usedBefore !== true && req.bodyUsed !== false) return UNREADABLE
+      throw error
     }
+    // Content-Length was the fast-reject hint, never the enforcement: a lying or buffering
+    // source (an adapter that decoded/expanded the body upstream) can hand over more bytes
+    // than it declared. `length <= maxBytes` held above, so one comparison seals the cap.
+    if (bytes.byteLength > length) return TOO_LARGE
+    return { ok: true, bytes }
   }
   const body = req.body
   if (body === null) return { ok: true, bytes: new Uint8Array(0) }
-  return drainCapped(body, maxBytes)
+  const lockedByApp = body.locked
+  const draining = drainCapped(body, maxBytes)
+  return fromClient && !lockedByApp ? draining.catch(() => UNREADABLE) : draining
 }
 
 /** Key under which a transport-capped request stashes its {@link RawBodyReaders}. */
@@ -184,14 +216,37 @@ const TRANSPORT_CAPPED = new WeakSet<object>()
 
 const CAP_DECODER = new TextDecoder()
 
+// The error a capped `json()` or `formData()` raised on the request's own bytes, kept as the
+// `Request` reader rejects so app code that catches it is unchanged, with the code it answers. One
+// the app lets escape is the client's 400.
+const CLIENT_BODY_ERRORS = new WeakMap<object, "invalid_json" | "invalid_form">()
+
+/** The 400 code for a request body a capped reader could not parse, or `undefined` for any other error. */
+export const clientBodyErrorCode = (err: unknown): "invalid_json" | "invalid_form" | undefined =>
+  err instanceof Error ? CLIENT_BODY_ERRORS.get(err) : undefined
+
+function parseClientJson(bytes: Uint8Array): unknown {
+  try {
+    return JSON.parse(CAP_DECODER.decode(bytes))
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error instanceof Error) CLIENT_BODY_ERRORS.set(error, "invalid_json")
+    throw error
+  }
+}
+
+function clientFormError(error: unknown): never {
+  if (error instanceof Error) CLIENT_BODY_ERRORS.set(error, "invalid_form")
+  throw error
+}
+
 /** Key under which the dispatcher marks a source with its route's transport byte cap. */
 const TRANSPORT_CAP = Symbol("nifra.body.transportCap")
 
 /** The transport cap's over-cap rejection: the flat error a shadowed direct reader throws (and the
  * capped `body` stream errors with). The lifecycle already treats a thrown `Response` as control
  * flow (the `c.boundedBody` contract), so an over-cap direct read answers 413 like every other cap. */
-function transportCapError(status: 400 | 413): Response {
-  return jsonError(status, status === 413 ? "payload_too_large" : "invalid_content_length")
+function transportCapError(failure: BoundedReadFailure): Response {
+  return jsonError(failure.status, failure.error)
 }
 
 /**
@@ -211,11 +266,11 @@ export function capBodyBytes(request: Request, maxBytes: number): Request {
       new TransformStream<Uint8Array, Uint8Array>({
         start(controller) {
           if (length === undefined || length > maxBytes)
-            controller.error(transportCapError(length === undefined ? 400 : 413))
+            controller.error(transportCapError(length === undefined ? BAD_LENGTH : TOO_LARGE))
         },
         transform(chunk, controller) {
           total += chunk.byteLength
-          if (total > maxBytes) controller.error(transportCapError(413))
+          if (total > maxBytes) controller.error(transportCapError(TOO_LARGE))
           else controller.enqueue(chunk)
         },
       }),
@@ -279,11 +334,11 @@ function spendRaw(raw: RawBodyReaders): void {
   Object.defineProperty(raw, "body", { get: spent })
 }
 
-/** A pass-through stream that errors (with `reject(413)`) once more than `maxBytes` flow through. */
+/** A pass-through stream that errors (with `reject` of a 413) once more than `maxBytes` flow through. */
 function cappedStreamOf(
   body: RawStream,
   maxBytes: number,
-  reject: (status: 400 | 413) => unknown,
+  reject: (failure: BoundedReadFailure) => unknown,
 ): ReadableStream<Uint8Array> {
   // The reader is acquired on first pull, and `highWaterMark: 0` defers that first pull until a
   // consumer actually reads (the default of 1 pulls eagerly at construction): merely *accessing*
@@ -312,7 +367,7 @@ function cappedStreamOf(
           // Not awaited, as in drainCapped: on a teed body the cancel settles only once the other
           // branch is read or cancelled too, and the 413 must not wait for an unread clone.
           active.cancel().catch(() => {})
-          controller.error(reject(413))
+          controller.error(reject(TOO_LARGE))
           return
         }
         controller.enqueue(value)
@@ -332,8 +387,9 @@ function cappedStreamOf(
  * pre-decoded body), and hook-observed references all survive. Nothing is read eagerly: the cap
  * only pays when user code actually reads, and framework readers bypass it through
  * {@link rawBodySourceOf} (stashed under {@link RAW_BODY_READERS}) to enforce their own caps.
- * An over-cap read rejects with `reject(413)` (a lying `Content-Length` with `reject(400)`), which
- * the lifecycle already treats as control flow - the same contract as `c.boundedBody`.
+ * An over-cap read rejects with the cap's flat 413 (a lying `Content-Length` with its 400, a body
+ * that fails mid-read with 400 `invalid_body`), which the lifecycle already treats as control flow -
+ * the same contract as `c.boundedBody`.
  */
 /** The request's own pre-shadow readers - the fallback surface when the source offers none. */
 function requestBodyReaders(request: Request): RawBodyReaders {
@@ -349,6 +405,9 @@ function requestBodyReaders(request: Request): RawBodyReaders {
           : (bodyDescriptor?.value ?? null)
       ) as ReadableStream<Uint8Array> | null
     },
+    get bodyUsed() {
+      return request.bodyUsed
+    },
     arrayBuffer: request.arrayBuffer.bind(request),
     json: request.json.bind(request),
   }
@@ -361,13 +420,15 @@ function capRequestBodyReads(request: Request, maxBytes: number, preset?: RawBod
   TRANSPORT_CAPPED.add(request)
   const reject = transportCapError
   const raw = preset ?? requestBodyReaders(request)
+  // The shadowed readers read through `raw`, which must still say where the body came from.
+  if (hasTrustedBodyFraming(request)) markTrustedBodyFraming(raw)
   // One bounded buffer backs every shadowed reader; a second read replays it instead of failing
   // with "body already used" (a strict superset of the native one-shot contract).
   let buffered: Promise<Uint8Array> | undefined
   const cappedBytes = (): Promise<Uint8Array> => {
     if (buffered === undefined) {
       const read = readBoundedBytes(raw, maxBytes).then((result) => {
-        if (!result.ok) throw reject(result.status)
+        if (!result.ok) throw reject(result)
         return result.bytes
       })
       buffered = read
@@ -401,8 +462,7 @@ function capRequestBodyReads(request: Request, maxBytes: number, preset?: RawBod
   shadowed[RAW_BODY_READERS] = raw
   shadowed.arrayBuffer = () => cappedBytes().then(exactArrayBuffer)
   shadowed.bytes = () => cappedBytes().then((bytes) => bytes.slice())
-  shadowed.json = () =>
-    cappedBytes().then((bytes) => JSON.parse(CAP_DECODER.decode(bytes)) as unknown)
+  shadowed.json = () => cappedBytes().then(parseClientJson)
   shadowed.text = () => cappedBytes().then((bytes) => CAP_DECODER.decode(bytes))
   shadowed.blob = () =>
     cappedBytes().then(
@@ -415,7 +475,9 @@ function capRequestBodyReads(request: Request, maxBytes: number, preset?: RawBod
     cappedBytes().then((bytes) =>
       new Response(exactArrayBuffer(bytes), {
         headers: { "content-type": request.headers.get("content-type") ?? "" },
-      }).formData(),
+      })
+        .formData()
+        .catch(clientFormError),
     )
   // `clone()` must not mint an uncapped escape hatch: the clone gets the same cap.
   if (typeof request.clone === "function") {
@@ -489,10 +551,8 @@ export function applyTransportCap(source: object, request: Request): void {
   if (maxBytes === undefined || TRANSPORT_CAPPED.has(request)) return
   const provide = (source as { rawBodyReaders?: () => RawBodyReaders }).rawBodyReaders
   const preset = provide === undefined ? undefined : provide.call(source)
-  // The null-body shortcut is only worth its probe when there is no cheaper surface: on a source
-  // that defers its `Request`, reading `request.body` would materialize the very object the preset
-  // readers exist to avoid. Capping a bodiless request costs nothing but the shadowing itself.
-  if (preset === undefined && request.body === null) return
+  // A bodiless request is capped too: its `json()` must fail the way a capped one does, as a client
+  // input error, and Bun.serve hands over `Content-Length: 0` with no body where others give one.
   capRequestBodyReads(request, maxBytes, preset)
   // A wrapper source (Node's lazy source) delegates its own body readers to the request once it
   // materializes - which are now the shadowed ones. Mirror the raw-reader stash onto the source so

package/src/server/core-copies.ts

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ if (!copies.includes(here) && copies.push(here) > 1) {
 
 /** This copy's version: a literal like the package root's `VERSION` (no fs on the edge), which
  * `scripts/version.ts` rewrites on every release and `check:publish` asserts. */
-const COPY_VERSION = "5.5.1"
+const COPY_VERSION = "5.6.0"
 
 /** Record this copy's version beside its URL. Called by each `server()` behind the development guard,
  * so a production bundle drops it with the version; a copy that built a server has recorded one. */

package/src/server/http.ts

@@ -114,26 +114,17 @@ export interface UrlParts {
 // Extract pathname + query WITHOUT a full WHATWG `new URL(req.url)` parse.
 // `req.url` from every supported runtime is an absolute, already-normalized URL, so the pathname is
 // the substring after `scheme://host[:port]` up to `?`/`#`. Query-schema routes also need the search
-// string; parsing both in one scanner avoids the old `pathnameOf()` + `searchOf()` double scan.
+// string; splitting both together avoids the old `pathnameOf()` + `searchOf()` repeated parsing.
 export function urlPartsOf(url: string): UrlParts {
   const schemeEnd = url.indexOf("://")
   const start = schemeEnd === -1 ? url.indexOf("/") : url.indexOf("/", schemeEnd + 3)
   if (start === -1) return { pathname: "/", search: "" }
 
-  let pathEnd = url.length
-  let searchStart = -1
-  let searchEnd = url.length
-  for (let i = start; i < url.length; i++) {
-    const c = url.charCodeAt(i)
-    if (c === 63 /* ? */ && searchStart === -1) {
-      pathEnd = i
-      searchStart = i
-    } else if (c === 35 /* # */) {
-      if (searchStart === -1) pathEnd = i
-      searchEnd = i
-      break
-    }
-  }
+  const fragment = url.indexOf("#", start)
+  const searchEnd = fragment === -1 ? url.length : fragment
+  const question = url.indexOf("?", start)
+  const searchStart = question !== -1 && question < searchEnd ? question : -1
+  const pathEnd = searchStart === -1 ? searchEnd : searchStart
 
   return {
     pathname: url.slice(start, pathEnd),