@nghyane/arcane 0.1.0

package/src/tools/python.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,1118 @@
+import type * as fs from "node:fs";
+import * as path from "node:path";
+import type { AgentTool, AgentToolContext, AgentToolResult, AgentToolUpdateCallback } from "@nghyane/arcane-agent";
+import type { ImageContent } from "@nghyane/arcane-ai";
+import type { Component } from "@nghyane/arcane-tui";
+import { Text } from "@nghyane/arcane-tui";
+import { getProjectDir } from "@nghyane/arcane-utils/dirs";
+import { type Static, Type } from "@sinclair/typebox";
+import { renderPromptTemplate } from "../config/prompt-templates";
+import type { RenderResultOptions } from "../extensibility/custom-tools/types";
+import { executePython, getPreludeDocs, type PythonExecutorOptions } from "../ipy/executor";
+import type { PreludeHelper, PythonStatusEvent } from "../ipy/kernel";
+import { truncateToVisualLines } from "../modes/components/visual-truncate";
+import type { Theme } from "../modes/theme/theme";
+import pythonDescription from "../prompts/tools/python.md" with { type: "text" };
+import { DEFAULT_MAX_BYTES, OutputSink, type OutputSummary } from "../session/streaming-output";
+import { getTreeBranch, getTreeContinuePrefix, renderCodeCell } from "../tui";
+import type { ToolSession } from ".";
+import type { OutputMeta } from "./output-meta";
+import { allocateOutputArtifact, createTailBuffer } from "./output-utils";
+import { resolveToCwd } from "./path-utils";
+import { replaceTabs, shortenPath, ToolUIKit, truncateToWidth } from "./render-utils";
+import { ToolAbortError, ToolError } from "./tool-errors";
+import { toolResult } from "./tool-result";
+
+export const PYTHON_DEFAULT_PREVIEW_LINES = 10;
+
+type PreludeCategory = {
+	name: string;
+	functions: PreludeHelper[];
+};
+
+function groupPreludeHelpers(helpers: PreludeHelper[]): PreludeCategory[] {
+	const categories: PreludeCategory[] = [];
+	const byName = new Map<string, PreludeHelper[]>();
+	for (const helper of helpers) {
+		let bucket = byName.get(helper.category);
+		if (!bucket) {
+			bucket = [];
+			byName.set(helper.category, bucket);
+			categories.push({ name: helper.category, functions: bucket });
+		}
+		bucket.push(helper);
+	}
+	return categories;
+}
+
+export const pythonSchema = Type.Object({
+	cells: Type.Array(
+		Type.Object({
+			code: Type.String({ description: "Python code to execute" }),
+			title: Type.Optional(Type.String({ description: "Cell label, e.g. 'imports', 'helper'" })),
+		}),
+		{ description: "Cells to execute sequentially in persistent kernel" },
+	),
+	timeout: Type.Optional(Type.Number({ description: "Timeout in seconds (default: 30)" })),
+	cwd: Type.Optional(Type.String({ description: "Working directory (default: cwd)" })),
+	reset: Type.Optional(Type.Boolean({ description: "Restart kernel before execution" })),
+});
+export type PythonToolParams = Static<typeof pythonSchema>;
+
+export type PythonToolResult = {
+	content: Array<{ type: "text"; text: string }>;
+	details: PythonToolDetails | undefined;
+};
+
+export type PythonProxyExecutor = (params: PythonToolParams, signal?: AbortSignal) => Promise<PythonToolResult>;
+
+export interface PythonCellResult {
+	index: number;
+	title?: string;
+	code: string;
+	output: string;
+	status: "pending" | "running" | "complete" | "error";
+	durationMs?: number;
+	exitCode?: number;
+	statusEvents?: PythonStatusEvent[];
+}
+
+export interface PythonToolDetails {
+	cells?: PythonCellResult[];
+	jsonOutputs?: unknown[];
+	images?: ImageContent[];
+	/** Structured status events from prelude helpers */
+	statusEvents?: PythonStatusEvent[];
+	isError?: boolean;
+	/** Structured output metadata for notices */
+	meta?: OutputMeta;
+}
+
+function formatJsonScalar(value: unknown): string {
+	if (value === null) return "null";
+	if (value === undefined) return "undefined";
+	if (typeof value === "string") return JSON.stringify(value);
+	if (typeof value === "number" || typeof value === "boolean" || typeof value === "bigint") return String(value);
+	if (typeof value === "function") return "[function]";
+	return "[object]";
+}
+
+function renderJsonTree(value: unknown, theme: Theme, expanded: boolean, maxDepth = expanded ? 6 : 2): string[] {
+	const maxItems = expanded ? 20 : 5;
+
+	const renderNode = (node: unknown, prefix: string, depth: number, isLast: boolean, label?: string): string[] => {
+		const branch = getTreeBranch(isLast, theme);
+		const displayLabel = label ? `${label}: ` : "";
+
+		if (depth >= maxDepth || node === null || typeof node !== "object") {
+			return [`${prefix}${branch} ${displayLabel}${formatJsonScalar(node)}`];
+		}
+
+		const isArray = Array.isArray(node);
+		const entries = isArray
+			? node.map((val, index) => [String(index), val] as const)
+			: Object.entries(node as object);
+		const header = `${prefix}${branch} ${displayLabel}${isArray ? `Array(${entries.length})` : `Object(${entries.length})`}`;
+		const lines = [header];
+
+		const childPrefix = prefix + getTreeContinuePrefix(isLast, theme);
+		const visible = entries.slice(0, maxItems);
+		for (let i = 0; i < visible.length; i++) {
+			const [key, val] = visible[i];
+			const childLast = i === visible.length - 1 && (expanded || entries.length <= maxItems);
+			lines.push(...renderNode(val, childPrefix, depth + 1, childLast, isArray ? `[${key}]` : key));
+		}
+		if (!expanded && entries.length > maxItems) {
+			const moreBranch = theme.tree.last;
+			lines.push(`${childPrefix}${moreBranch} ${entries.length - maxItems} more item(s)`);
+		}
+		return lines;
+	};
+
+	return renderNode(value, "", 0, true);
+}
+
+export function getPythonToolDescription(): string {
+	const helpers = getPreludeDocs();
+	const categories = groupPreludeHelpers(helpers);
+	return renderPromptTemplate(pythonDescription, { categories });
+}
+
+export interface PythonToolOptions {
+	proxyExecutor?: PythonProxyExecutor;
+}
+
+export class PythonTool implements AgentTool<typeof pythonSchema> {
+	readonly name = "python";
+	readonly label = "Python";
+	readonly description: string;
+	readonly parameters = pythonSchema;
+	readonly concurrency = "exclusive";
+
+	readonly #proxyExecutor?: PythonProxyExecutor;
+
+	constructor(
+		private readonly session: ToolSession | null,
+		options?: PythonToolOptions,
+	) {
+		this.#proxyExecutor = options?.proxyExecutor;
+		this.description = getPythonToolDescription();
+	}
+
+	async execute(
+		_toolCallId: string,
+		params: Static<typeof pythonSchema>,
+		signal?: AbortSignal,
+		onUpdate?: AgentToolUpdateCallback,
+		_ctx?: AgentToolContext,
+	): Promise<AgentToolResult<PythonToolDetails | undefined>> {
+		if (this.#proxyExecutor) {
+			return this.#proxyExecutor(params, signal);
+		}
+
+		if (!this.session) {
+			throw new ToolError("Python tool requires a session when not using proxy executor");
+		}
+
+		const { cells, timeout: rawTimeout = 30, cwd, reset } = params;
+		// Clamp to reasonable range: 1s - 600s (10 min)
+		const timeoutSec = Math.max(1, Math.min(600, rawTimeout));
+		const timeoutMs = timeoutSec * 1000;
+		const timeoutSignal = AbortSignal.timeout(timeoutMs);
+		const combinedSignal = signal ? AbortSignal.any([signal, timeoutSignal]) : timeoutSignal;
+		let outputSink: OutputSink | undefined;
+		let outputSummary: OutputSummary | undefined;
+		let outputDumped = false;
+		const finalizeOutput = async (): Promise<OutputSummary | undefined> => {
+			if (outputDumped || !outputSink) return outputSummary;
+			outputSummary = await outputSink.dump();
+			outputDumped = true;
+			return outputSummary;
+		};
+
+		try {
+			if (signal?.aborted) {
+				throw new ToolAbortError();
+			}
+
+			const commandCwd = cwd ? resolveToCwd(cwd, this.session.cwd) : this.session.cwd;
+			let cwdStat: fs.Stats;
+			try {
+				cwdStat = await Bun.file(commandCwd).stat();
+			} catch {
+				throw new ToolError(`Working directory does not exist: ${commandCwd}`);
+			}
+			if (!cwdStat.isDirectory()) {
+				throw new ToolError(`Working directory is not a directory: ${commandCwd}`);
+			}
+
+			const tailBuffer = createTailBuffer(DEFAULT_MAX_BYTES * 2);
+			const jsonOutputs: unknown[] = [];
+			const images: ImageContent[] = [];
+			const statusEvents: PythonStatusEvent[] = [];
+
+			const cellResults: PythonCellResult[] = cells.map((cell, index) => ({
+				index,
+				title: cell.title,
+				code: cell.code,
+				output: "",
+				status: "pending",
+			}));
+			const cellOutputs: string[] = [];
+
+			const appendTail = (text: string) => {
+				tailBuffer.append(text);
+			};
+
+			const buildUpdateDetails = (): PythonToolDetails => {
+				const details: PythonToolDetails = {
+					cells: cellResults.map(cell => ({
+						...cell,
+						statusEvents: cell.statusEvents ? [...cell.statusEvents] : undefined,
+					})),
+				};
+				if (jsonOutputs.length > 0) {
+					details.jsonOutputs = jsonOutputs;
+				}
+				if (images.length > 0) {
+					details.images = images;
+				}
+				if (statusEvents.length > 0) {
+					details.statusEvents = statusEvents;
+				}
+				return details;
+			};
+
+			const pushUpdate = () => {
+				if (!onUpdate) return;
+				const tailText = tailBuffer.text();
+				onUpdate({
+					content: [{ type: "text", text: tailText }],
+					details: buildUpdateDetails(),
+				});
+			};
+
+			const sessionFile = this.session.getSessionFile?.() ?? undefined;
+			const artifactsDir = this.session.getArtifactsDir?.() ?? undefined;
+			const { artifactPath, artifactId } = await allocateOutputArtifact(this.session, "python");
+			outputSink = new OutputSink({
+				artifactPath,
+				artifactId,
+				onChunk: chunk => {
+					appendTail(chunk);
+					pushUpdate();
+				},
+			});
+			const sessionId = sessionFile ? `session:${sessionFile}:cwd:${commandCwd}` : `cwd:${commandCwd}`;
+			const baseExecutorOptions: Omit<PythonExecutorOptions, "reset"> = {
+				cwd: commandCwd,
+				timeoutMs,
+				signal: combinedSignal,
+				sessionId,
+				kernelMode: this.session.settings.get("python.kernelMode"),
+				useSharedGateway: this.session.settings.get("python.sharedGateway"),
+				sessionFile: sessionFile ?? undefined,
+				artifactsDir: artifactsDir ?? undefined,
+			};
+
+			for (let i = 0; i < cells.length; i++) {
+				const cell = cells[i];
+				const isFirstCell = i === 0;
+				const cellResult = cellResults[i];
+				cellResult.status = "running";
+				cellResult.output = "";
+				cellResult.statusEvents = undefined;
+				cellResult.exitCode = undefined;
+				cellResult.durationMs = undefined;
+				pushUpdate();
+
+				const executorOptions: PythonExecutorOptions = {
+					...baseExecutorOptions,
+					reset: isFirstCell ? reset : false,
+					onChunk: async chunk => {
+						await outputSink!.push(chunk);
+					},
+				};
+
+				const startTime = Date.now();
+				const result = await executePython(cell.code, executorOptions);
+				const durationMs = Date.now() - startTime;
+
+				const cellStatusEvents: PythonStatusEvent[] = [];
+				for (const output of result.displayOutputs) {
+					if (output.type === "json") {
+						jsonOutputs.push(output.data);
+					}
+					if (output.type === "image") {
+						images.push({ type: "image", data: output.data, mimeType: output.mimeType });
+					}
+					if (output.type === "status") {
+						statusEvents.push(output.event);
+						cellStatusEvents.push(output.event);
+					}
+				}
+
+				const cellOutput = result.output.trim();
+				cellResult.output = cellOutput;
+				cellResult.exitCode = result.exitCode;
+				cellResult.durationMs = durationMs;
+				cellResult.statusEvents = cellStatusEvents.length > 0 ? cellStatusEvents : undefined;
+
+				let combinedCellOutput = "";
+				if (cells.length > 1) {
+					const cellHeader = `[${i + 1}/${cells.length}]`;
+					const cellTitle = cell.title ? ` ${cell.title}` : "";
+					if (cellOutput) {
+						combinedCellOutput = `${cellHeader}${cellTitle}\n${cellOutput}`;
+					} else {
+						combinedCellOutput = `${cellHeader}${cellTitle} (ok)`;
+					}
+					cellOutputs.push(combinedCellOutput);
+				} else if (cellOutput) {
+					combinedCellOutput = cellOutput;
+					cellOutputs.push(combinedCellOutput);
+				}
+
+				if (combinedCellOutput) {
+					const prefix = cellOutputs.length > 1 ? "\n\n" : "";
+					appendTail(`${prefix}${combinedCellOutput}`);
+				}
+
+				if (result.cancelled) {
+					cellResult.status = "error";
+					pushUpdate();
+					const errorMsg = result.output || "Command aborted";
+					const combinedOutput = cellOutputs.join("\n\n");
+					const outputText =
+						cells.length > 1
+							? `${combinedOutput}\n\nCell ${i + 1} aborted: ${errorMsg}`
+							: combinedOutput || errorMsg;
+
+					const rawSummary = (await finalizeOutput()) ?? {
+						output: "",
+						truncated: false,
+						totalLines: 0,
+						totalBytes: 0,
+						outputLines: 0,
+						outputBytes: 0,
+					};
+					const outputLines = combinedOutput.length > 0 ? combinedOutput.split("\n").length : 0;
+					const outputBytes = Buffer.byteLength(combinedOutput, "utf-8");
+					const missingLines = Math.max(0, rawSummary.totalLines - rawSummary.outputLines);
+					const missingBytes = Math.max(0, rawSummary.totalBytes - rawSummary.outputBytes);
+					const summaryForMeta: OutputSummary = {
+						output: combinedOutput,
+						truncated: rawSummary.truncated,
+						totalLines: outputLines + missingLines,
+						totalBytes: outputBytes + missingBytes,
+						outputLines,
+						outputBytes,
+						artifactId: rawSummary.artifactId,
+					};
+
+					const details: PythonToolDetails = {
+						cells: cellResults,
+						jsonOutputs: jsonOutputs.length > 0 ? jsonOutputs : undefined,
+						images: images.length > 0 ? images : undefined,
+						statusEvents: statusEvents.length > 0 ? statusEvents : undefined,
+						isError: true,
+					};
+
+					return toolResult(details)
+						.text(outputText)
+						.truncationFromSummary(summaryForMeta, { direction: "tail" })
+						.done();
+				}
+
+				if (result.exitCode !== 0 && result.exitCode !== undefined) {
+					cellResult.status = "error";
+					pushUpdate();
+					const combinedOutput = cellOutputs.join("\n\n");
+					const outputText =
+						cells.length > 1
+							? `${combinedOutput}\n\nCell ${i + 1} failed (exit code ${result.exitCode}). Earlier cells succeeded—their state persists. Fix only cell ${i + 1}.`
+							: combinedOutput
+								? `${combinedOutput}\n\nCommand exited with code ${result.exitCode}`
+								: `Command exited with code ${result.exitCode}`;
+
+					const rawSummary = (await finalizeOutput()) ?? {
+						output: "",
+						truncated: false,
+						totalLines: 0,
+						totalBytes: 0,
+						outputLines: 0,
+						outputBytes: 0,
+					};
+					const outputLines = combinedOutput.length > 0 ? combinedOutput.split("\n").length : 0;
+					const outputBytes = Buffer.byteLength(combinedOutput, "utf-8");
+					const missingLines = Math.max(0, rawSummary.totalLines - rawSummary.outputLines);
+					const missingBytes = Math.max(0, rawSummary.totalBytes - rawSummary.outputBytes);
+					const summaryForMeta: OutputSummary = {
+						output: combinedOutput,
+						truncated: rawSummary.truncated,
+						totalLines: outputLines + missingLines,
+						totalBytes: outputBytes + missingBytes,
+						outputLines,
+						outputBytes,
+						artifactId: rawSummary.artifactId,
+					};
+
+					const details: PythonToolDetails = {
+						cells: cellResults,
+						jsonOutputs: jsonOutputs.length > 0 ? jsonOutputs : undefined,
+						images: images.length > 0 ? images : undefined,
+						statusEvents: statusEvents.length > 0 ? statusEvents : undefined,
+						isError: true,
+					};
+
+					return toolResult(details)
+						.text(outputText)
+						.truncationFromSummary(summaryForMeta, { direction: "tail" })
+						.done();
+				}
+
+				cellResult.status = "complete";
+				pushUpdate();
+			}
+
+			const combinedOutput = cellOutputs.join("\n\n");
+			const outputText =
+				combinedOutput || (jsonOutputs.length > 0 || images.length > 0 ? "(no text output)" : "(no output)");
+			const rawSummary = (await finalizeOutput()) ?? {
+				output: "",
+				truncated: false,
+				totalLines: 0,
+				totalBytes: 0,
+				outputLines: 0,
+				outputBytes: 0,
+			};
+			const outputLines = combinedOutput.length > 0 ? combinedOutput.split("\n").length : 0;
+			const outputBytes = Buffer.byteLength(combinedOutput, "utf-8");
+			const missingLines = Math.max(0, rawSummary.totalLines - rawSummary.outputLines);
+			const missingBytes = Math.max(0, rawSummary.totalBytes - rawSummary.outputBytes);
+			const summaryForMeta: OutputSummary = {
+				output: combinedOutput,
+				truncated: rawSummary.truncated,
+				totalLines: outputLines + missingLines,
+				totalBytes: outputBytes + missingBytes,
+				outputLines,
+				outputBytes,
+				artifactId: rawSummary.artifactId,
+			};
+
+			const details: PythonToolDetails = {
+				cells: cellResults,
+				jsonOutputs: jsonOutputs.length > 0 ? jsonOutputs : undefined,
+				images: images.length > 0 ? images : undefined,
+				statusEvents: statusEvents.length > 0 ? statusEvents : undefined,
+			};
+
+			const resultBuilder = toolResult(details)
+				.text(outputText)
+				.truncationFromSummary(summaryForMeta, { direction: "tail" });
+
+			return resultBuilder.done();
+		} finally {
+			if (!outputDumped) {
+				try {
+					await finalizeOutput();
+				} catch {}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+interface PythonRenderArgs {
+	cells?: Array<{ code: string; title?: string }>;
+	timeout?: number;
+	cwd?: string;
+}
+
+interface PythonRenderContext {
+	output?: string;
+	expanded?: boolean;
+	previewLines?: number;
+	timeout?: number;
+}
+
+/** Format a status event as a single line for display. */
+function formatStatusEvent(event: PythonStatusEvent, theme: Theme): string {
+	const { op, ...data } = event;
+
+	// Map operations to available theme icons
+	type AvailableIcon = "icon.file" | "icon.folder" | "icon.git" | "icon.package";
+	const opIcons: Record<string, AvailableIcon> = {
+		// File I/O
+		read: "icon.file",
+		write: "icon.file",
+		append: "icon.file",
+		cat: "icon.file",
+		touch: "icon.file",
+		lines: "icon.file",
+		// Navigation/Directory
+		ls: "icon.folder",
+		cd: "icon.folder",
+		pwd: "icon.folder",
+		mkdir: "icon.folder",
+		tree: "icon.folder",
+		stat: "icon.folder",
+		// Search (use file icon since no search icon)
+		find: "icon.file",
+		grep: "icon.file",
+		rgrep: "icon.file",
+		glob: "icon.file",
+		// Edit operations (use file icon)
+		replace: "icon.file",
+		sed: "icon.file",
+		rsed: "icon.file",
+		delete_lines: "icon.file",
+		delete_matching: "icon.file",
+		insert_at: "icon.file",
+		// Git
+		git_status: "icon.git",
+		git_diff: "icon.git",
+		git_log: "icon.git",
+		git_show: "icon.git",
+		git_branch: "icon.git",
+		git_file_at: "icon.git",
+		git_has_changes: "icon.git",
+		// Shell/batch (use package icon)
+		run: "icon.package",
+		sh: "icon.package",
+		env: "icon.package",
+		batch: "icon.package",
+	};
+
+	const iconKey = opIcons[op] ?? "icon.file";
+	const icon = theme.styledSymbol(iconKey, "muted");
+
+	// Format the status message based on operation type
+	const parts: string[] = [];
+
+	// Error handling
+	if (data.error) {
+		return `${icon} ${theme.fg("warning", op)}: ${theme.fg("dim", String(data.error))}`;
+	}
+
+	// Build description based on common fields
+	switch (op) {
+		case "read":
+			parts.push(`${data.chars} chars`);
+			if (data.path) parts.push(`from ${shortenPath(String(data.path))}`);
+			break;
+		case "write":
+		case "append":
+			parts.push(`${data.chars} chars`);
+			if (data.path) parts.push(`to ${shortenPath(String(data.path))}`);
+			break;
+		case "cat":
+			parts.push(`${data.files} file${(data.files as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`);
+			parts.push(`${data.chars} chars`);
+			break;
+		case "find":
+		case "glob":
+			parts.push(`${data.count} match${(data.count as number) !== 1 ? "es" : ""}`);
+			if (data.pattern) parts.push(`for "${truncateToWidth(String(data.pattern), 20)}"`);
+			break;
+		case "grep":
+			parts.push(`${data.count} match${(data.count as number) !== 1 ? "es" : ""}`);
+			if (data.path) parts.push(`in ${shortenPath(String(data.path))}`);
+			break;
+		case "rgrep":
+			parts.push(`${data.count} match${(data.count as number) !== 1 ? "es" : ""}`);
+			if (data.pattern) parts.push(`for "${truncateToWidth(String(data.pattern), 20)}"`);
+			break;
+		case "ls":
+			parts.push(`${data.count} entr${(data.count as number) !== 1 ? "ies" : "y"}`);
+			break;
+		case "env":
+			if (data.action === "set") {
+				parts.push(`set ${data.key}=${truncateToWidth(String(data.value ?? ""), 30)}`);
+			} else if (data.action === "get") {
+				parts.push(`${data.key}=${truncateToWidth(String(data.value ?? ""), 30)}`);
+			} else {
+				parts.push(`${data.count} variable${(data.count as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`);
+			}
+			break;
+		case "stat":
+			if (data.is_dir) {
+				parts.push("directory");
+			} else {
+				parts.push(`${data.size} bytes`);
+			}
+			if (data.path) parts.push(shortenPath(String(data.path)));
+			break;
+		case "replace":
+		case "sed":
+			parts.push(`${data.count} replacement${(data.count as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`);
+			if (data.path) parts.push(`in ${shortenPath(String(data.path))}`);
+			break;
+		case "rsed":
+			parts.push(`${data.count} replacement${(data.count as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`);
+			if (data.files) parts.push(`in ${data.files} file${(data.files as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`);
+			break;
+		case "git_status":
+			if (data.clean) {
+				parts.push("clean");
+			} else {
+				const statusParts: string[] = [];
+				if (data.staged) statusParts.push(`${data.staged} staged`);
+				if (data.modified) statusParts.push(`${data.modified} modified`);
+				if (data.untracked) statusParts.push(`${data.untracked} untracked`);
+				parts.push(statusParts.join(", ") || "unknown");
+			}
+			if (data.branch) parts.push(`on ${data.branch}`);
+			break;
+		case "git_log":
+			parts.push(`${data.commits} commit${(data.commits as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`);
+			break;
+		case "git_diff":
+			parts.push(`${data.lines} line${(data.lines as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`);
+			if (data.staged) parts.push("(staged)");
+			break;
+		case "diff":
+			if (data.identical) {
+				parts.push("files identical");
+			} else {
+				parts.push("files differ");
+			}
+			break;
+		case "batch":
+			parts.push(`${data.files} file${(data.files as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""} processed`);
+			break;
+		case "wc":
+			parts.push(`${data.lines}L ${data.words}W ${data.chars}C`);
+			break;
+		case "lines":
+			parts.push(`${data.count} line${(data.count as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`);
+			if (data.start && data.end) parts.push(`(${data.start}-${data.end})`);
+			break;
+		case "delete_lines":
+		case "delete_matching":
+			parts.push(`${data.count} line${(data.count as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""} deleted`);
+			break;
+		case "insert_at":
+			parts.push(`${data.lines_inserted} line${(data.lines_inserted as number) !== 1 ? "s" : ""} inserted`);
+			break;
+		case "cd":
+		case "pwd":
+		case "mkdir":
+		case "touch":
+			if (data.path) parts.push(shortenPath(String(data.path)));
+			break;
+		case "rm":
+		case "mv":
+		case "cp":
+			if (data.src) parts.push(`${shortenPath(String(data.src))} → ${shortenPath(String(data.dst))}`);
+			else if (data.path) parts.push(shortenPath(String(data.path)));
+			break;
+		default:
+			// Generic formatting for other operations
+			if (data.count !== undefined) {
+				parts.push(String(data.count));
+			}
+			if (data.path) {
+				parts.push(shortenPath(String(data.path)));
+			}
+	}
+
+	const desc = parts.length > 0 ? parts.join(" · ") : "";
+	return `${icon} ${theme.fg("muted", op)}${desc ? ` ${theme.fg("dim", desc)}` : ""}`;
+}
+
+/** Format status event with expanded detail lines. */
+function formatStatusEventExpanded(event: PythonStatusEvent, theme: Theme): string[] {
+	const lines: string[] = [];
+	const { op, ...data } = event;
+
+	// Main status line
+	lines.push(formatStatusEvent(event, theme));
+
+	// Add detail lines for operations with list data
+	const addItems = (items: unknown[], formatter: (item: unknown) => string, max = 5) => {
+		const arr = Array.isArray(items) ? items : [];
+		for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(arr.length, max); i++) {
+			lines.push(`   ${theme.fg("dim", formatter(arr[i]))}`);
+		}
+		if (arr.length > max) {
+			lines.push(`   ${theme.fg("dim", `… ${arr.length - max} more`)}`);
+		}
+	};
+
+	// Add preview lines (truncated content)
+	const addPreview = (preview: string, maxLines = 3) => {
+		const previewLines = String(preview).split("\n").slice(0, maxLines);
+		for (const line of previewLines) {
+			lines.push(`   ${theme.fg("toolOutput", truncateToWidth(replaceTabs(line), 80))}`);
+		}
+		const totalLines = String(preview).split("\n").length;
+		if (totalLines > maxLines) {
+			lines.push(`   ${theme.fg("dim", `… ${totalLines - maxLines} more lines`)}`);
+		}
+	};
+
+	switch (op) {
+		case "find":
+		case "glob":
+			if (data.matches) addItems(data.matches as unknown[], m => String(m));
+			break;
+		case "ls":
+			if (data.items) addItems(data.items as unknown[], m => String(m));
+			break;
+		case "grep":
+			if (data.hits) {
+				addItems(data.hits as unknown[], h => {
+					const hit = h as { line: number; text: string };
+					return `${hit.line}: ${truncateToWidth(hit.text, 60)}`;
+				});
+			}
+			break;
+		case "rgrep":
+			if (data.hits) {
+				addItems(data.hits as unknown[], h => {
+					const hit = h as { file: string; line: number; text: string };
+					return `${shortenPath(hit.file)}:${hit.line}: ${truncateToWidth(hit.text, 50)}`;
+				});
+			}
+			break;
+		case "rsed":
+			if (data.changed) {
+				addItems(data.changed as unknown[], c => {
+					const change = c as { file: string; count: number };
+					return `${shortenPath(change.file)}: ${change.count} replacement${change.count !== 1 ? "s" : ""}`;
+				});
+			}
+			break;
+		case "env":
+			if (data.keys) addItems(data.keys as unknown[], k => String(k), 10);
+			break;
+		case "git_log":
+			if (data.entries) {
+				addItems(data.entries as unknown[], e => {
+					const entry = e as { sha: string; subject: string };
+					return `${entry.sha} ${truncateToWidth(entry.subject, 50)}`;
+				});
+			}
+			break;
+		case "git_status":
+			if (data.files) addItems(data.files as unknown[], f => String(f));
+			break;
+		case "git_branch":
+			if (data.branches) addItems(data.branches as unknown[], b => String(b));
+			break;
+		case "read":
+		case "cat":
+		case "head":
+		case "tail":
+		case "tree":
+		case "diff":
+		case "lines":
+		case "git_diff":
+		case "sh":
+			if (data.preview) addPreview(String(data.preview));
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return lines;
+}
+
+/** Render status events as tree lines. */
+function renderStatusEvents(events: PythonStatusEvent[], theme: Theme, expanded: boolean): string[] {
+	if (events.length === 0) return [];
+
+	const maxCollapsed = 3;
+	const maxExpanded = 10;
+	const displayCount = expanded ? Math.min(events.length, maxExpanded) : Math.min(events.length, maxCollapsed);
+
+	const lines: string[] = [];
+	for (let i = 0; i < displayCount; i++) {
+		const isLast = i === displayCount - 1 && (expanded || events.length <= maxCollapsed);
+		const branch = isLast ? theme.tree.last : theme.tree.branch;
+
+		if (expanded) {
+			// Show expanded details for each event
+			const eventLines = formatStatusEventExpanded(events[i], theme);
+			lines.push(`${theme.fg("dim", branch)} ${eventLines[0]}`);
+			const continueBranch = isLast ? "   " : `${theme.tree.vertical}  `;
+			for (let j = 1; j < eventLines.length; j++) {
+				lines.push(`${theme.fg("dim", continueBranch)}${eventLines[j]}`);
+			}
+		} else {
+			lines.push(`${theme.fg("dim", branch)} ${formatStatusEvent(events[i], theme)}`);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!expanded && events.length > maxCollapsed) {
+		lines.push(`${theme.fg("dim", theme.tree.last)} ${theme.fg("dim", `… ${events.length - maxCollapsed} more`)}`);
+	} else if (expanded && events.length > maxExpanded) {
+		lines.push(`${theme.fg("dim", theme.tree.last)} ${theme.fg("dim", `… ${events.length - maxExpanded} more`)}`);
+	}
+
+	return lines;
+}
+
+function formatCellOutputLines(
+	cell: PythonCellResult,
+	expanded: boolean,
+	previewLines: number,
+	theme: Theme,
+): { lines: string[]; hiddenCount: number } {
+	const rawLines = cell.output ? cell.output.split("\n") : [];
+	const displayLines = expanded ? rawLines : rawLines.slice(-previewLines);
+	const hiddenCount = rawLines.length - displayLines.length;
+	const outputLines = displayLines.map(line => {
+		const cleaned = replaceTabs(line);
+		return cell.status === "error" ? theme.fg("error", cleaned) : theme.fg("toolOutput", cleaned);
+	});
+
+	if (outputLines.length === 0) {
+		return { lines: [], hiddenCount: 0 };
+	}
+
+	return { lines: outputLines, hiddenCount };
+}
+
+export const pythonToolRenderer = {
+	renderCall(args: PythonRenderArgs, _options: RenderResultOptions, uiTheme: Theme): Component {
+		const ui = new ToolUIKit(uiTheme);
+		const cells = args.cells ?? [];
+		const cwd = getProjectDir();
+		let displayWorkdir = args.cwd;
+
+		if (displayWorkdir) {
+			const resolvedCwd = path.resolve(cwd);
+			const resolvedWorkdir = path.resolve(displayWorkdir);
+			if (resolvedWorkdir === resolvedCwd) {
+				displayWorkdir = undefined;
+			} else {
+				const relativePath = path.relative(resolvedCwd, resolvedWorkdir);
+				const isWithinCwd =
+					relativePath && !relativePath.startsWith("..") && !relativePath.startsWith(`..${path.sep}`);
+				if (isWithinCwd) {
+					displayWorkdir = relativePath;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		const workdirLabel = displayWorkdir ? `cd ${displayWorkdir}` : undefined;
+		if (cells.length === 0) {
+			const prompt = uiTheme.fg("accent", ">>>");
+			const prefix = workdirLabel ? `${uiTheme.fg("dim", `${workdirLabel} && `)}` : "";
+			const text = ui.title(`${prompt} ${prefix}…`);
+			return new Text(text, 0, 0);
+		}
+
+		// Cache state - cells don't change, only width varies
+		let cached: { width: number; result: string[] } | undefined;
+
+		return {
+			render: (width: number): string[] => {
+				if (cached && cached.width === width) {
+					return cached.result;
+				}
+
+				const lines: string[] = [];
+				for (let i = 0; i < cells.length; i++) {
+					const cell = cells[i];
+					const cellTitle = cell.title;
+					const combinedTitle =
+						cellTitle && workdirLabel ? `${workdirLabel} · ${cellTitle}` : (cellTitle ?? workdirLabel);
+					const cellLines = renderCodeCell(
+						{
+							code: cell.code,
+							language: "python",
+							index: i,
+							total: cells.length,
+							title: combinedTitle,
+							status: "pending",
+							width,
+							codeMaxLines: PYTHON_DEFAULT_PREVIEW_LINES,
+							expanded: true,
+						},
+						uiTheme,
+					);
+					lines.push(...cellLines);
+					if (i < cells.length - 1) {
+						lines.push("");
+					}
+				}
+				cached = { width, result: lines };
+				return lines;
+			},
+			invalidate: () => {
+				cached = undefined;
+			},
+		};
+	},
+
+	renderResult(
+		result: { content: Array<{ type: string; text?: string }>; details?: PythonToolDetails },
+		options: RenderResultOptions & { renderContext?: PythonRenderContext },
+		uiTheme: Theme,
+	): Component {
+		const ui = new ToolUIKit(uiTheme);
+		const details = result.details;
+
+		const output =
+			options.renderContext?.output ?? (result.content?.find(c => c.type === "text")?.text ?? "").trimEnd();
+
+		const jsonOutputs = details?.jsonOutputs ?? [];
+		const jsonLines = jsonOutputs.flatMap((value, index) => {
+			const header = `JSON output ${index + 1}`;
+			const treeLines = renderJsonTree(value, uiTheme, options.renderContext?.expanded ?? options.expanded);
+			return [header, ...treeLines];
+		});
+
+		const truncation = details?.meta?.truncation;
+		const timeoutSeconds = options.renderContext?.timeout;
+		const timeoutLine =
+			typeof timeoutSeconds === "number"
+				? uiTheme.fg("dim", ui.wrapBrackets(`Timeout: ${timeoutSeconds}s`))
+				: undefined;
+		let warningLine: string | undefined;
+		if (truncation) {
+			const warnings: string[] = [];
+			if (truncation.artifactId) {
+				warnings.push(`Full output: artifact://${truncation.artifactId}`);
+			}
+			if (truncation.truncatedBy === "lines") {
+				warnings.push(`Truncated: showing ${truncation.outputLines} of ${truncation.totalLines} lines`);
+			} else {
+				warnings.push(
+					`Truncated: ${truncation.outputLines} lines shown (${ui.formatBytes(truncation.outputBytes)} limit)`,
+				);
+			}
+			if (warnings.length > 0) {
+				warningLine = uiTheme.fg("warning", ui.wrapBrackets(warnings.join(". ")));
+			}
+		}
+
+		const cellResults = details?.cells;
+		if (cellResults && cellResults.length > 0) {
+			// Cache state following Box pattern
+			let cached: { key: string; width: number; result: string[] } | undefined;
+
+			return {
+				render: (width: number): string[] => {
+					// Read mutable state at render time
+					const expanded = options.renderContext?.expanded ?? options.expanded;
+					const previewLines = options.renderContext?.previewLines ?? PYTHON_DEFAULT_PREVIEW_LINES;
+					const key = `${expanded}|${previewLines}|${options.spinnerFrame}`;
+					if (cached && cached.key === key && cached.width === width) {
+						return cached.result;
+					}
+
+					const lines: string[] = [];
+					for (let i = 0; i < cellResults.length; i++) {
+						const cell = cellResults[i];
+						const statusLines = renderStatusEvents(cell.statusEvents ?? [], uiTheme, expanded);
+						const outputContent = formatCellOutputLines(cell, expanded, previewLines, uiTheme);
+						const outputLines = [...outputContent.lines];
+						if (!expanded && outputContent.hiddenCount > 0) {
+							outputLines.push(
+								uiTheme.fg("dim", `… ${outputContent.hiddenCount} more lines (ctrl+o to expand)`),
+							);
+						}
+						if (statusLines.length > 0) {
+							if (outputLines.length > 0) {
+								outputLines.push(uiTheme.fg("dim", "Status"));
+							}
+							outputLines.push(...statusLines);
+						}
+						const cellLines = renderCodeCell(
+							{
+								code: cell.code,
+								language: "python",
+								index: i,
+								total: cellResults.length,
+								title: cell.title,
+								status: cell.status,
+								spinnerFrame: options.spinnerFrame,
+								duration: cell.durationMs,
+								output: outputLines.length > 0 ? outputLines.join("\n") : undefined,
+								outputMaxLines: outputLines.length,
+								codeMaxLines: expanded ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : PYTHON_DEFAULT_PREVIEW_LINES,
+								expanded,
+								width,
+							},
+							uiTheme,
+						);
+						lines.push(...cellLines);
+						if (i < cellResults.length - 1) {
+							lines.push("");
+						}
+					}
+					if (jsonLines.length > 0) {
+						if (lines.length > 0) {
+							lines.push("");
+						}
+						lines.push(...jsonLines);
+					}
+					if (timeoutLine) {
+						lines.push(timeoutLine);
+					}
+					if (warningLine) {
+						lines.push(warningLine);
+					}
+					cached = { key, width, result: lines };
+					return lines;
+				},
+				invalidate: () => {
+					cached = undefined;
+				},
+			};
+		}
+
+		const displayOutput = output;
+		const combinedOutput = [displayOutput, ...jsonLines].filter(Boolean).join("\n");
+
+		const statusEvents = details?.statusEvents ?? [];
+		const statusLines = renderStatusEvents(
+			statusEvents,
+			uiTheme,
+			options.renderContext?.expanded ?? options.expanded,
+		);
+
+		if (!combinedOutput && statusLines.length === 0) {
+			const lines = [timeoutLine, warningLine].filter(Boolean) as string[];
+			return new Text(lines.join("\n"), 0, 0);
+		}
+
+		if (!combinedOutput && statusLines.length > 0) {
+			const lines = [uiTheme.fg("dim", "Status"), ...statusLines, timeoutLine, warningLine].filter(
+				Boolean,
+			) as string[];
+			return new Text(lines.join("\n"), 0, 0);
+		}
+
+		if (options.renderContext?.expanded ?? options.expanded) {
+			const styledOutput = combinedOutput
+				.split("\n")
+				.map(line => uiTheme.fg("toolOutput", line))
+				.join("\n");
+			const lines = [
+				styledOutput,
+				...(statusLines.length > 0 ? [uiTheme.fg("dim", "Status"), ...statusLines] : []),
+				timeoutLine,
+				warningLine,
+			].filter(Boolean) as string[];
+			return new Text(lines.join("\n"), 0, 0);
+		}
+
+		const styledOutput = combinedOutput
+			.split("\n")
+			.map(line => uiTheme.fg("toolOutput", line))
+			.join("\n");
+		const textContent = `\n${styledOutput}`;
+
+		let cachedWidth: number | undefined;
+		let cachedLines: string[] | undefined;
+		let cachedSkipped: number | undefined;
+		let cachedPreviewLines: number | undefined;
+
+		return {
+			render: (width: number): string[] => {
+				// Read mutable state at render time
+				const previewLines = options.renderContext?.previewLines ?? PYTHON_DEFAULT_PREVIEW_LINES;
+				if (cachedLines === undefined || cachedWidth !== width || cachedPreviewLines !== previewLines) {
+					const result = truncateToVisualLines(textContent, previewLines, width);
+					cachedLines = result.visualLines;
+					cachedSkipped = result.skippedCount;
+					cachedWidth = width;
+					cachedPreviewLines = previewLines;
+				}
+				const outputLines: string[] = [];
+				if (cachedSkipped && cachedSkipped > 0) {
+					outputLines.push("");
+					const skippedLine = uiTheme.fg(
+						"dim",
+						`… (${cachedSkipped} earlier lines, showing ${cachedLines.length} of ${cachedSkipped + cachedLines.length}) (ctrl+o to expand)`,
+					);
+					outputLines.push(truncateToWidth(skippedLine, width));
+				}
+				outputLines.push(...cachedLines);
+				if (statusLines.length > 0) {
+					outputLines.push(truncateToWidth(uiTheme.fg("dim", "Status"), width));
+					for (const statusLine of statusLines) {
+						outputLines.push(truncateToWidth(statusLine, width));
+					}
+				}
+				if (timeoutLine) {
+					outputLines.push(truncateToWidth(timeoutLine, width));
+				}
+				if (warningLine) {
+					outputLines.push(truncateToWidth(warningLine, width));
+				}
+				return outputLines;
+			},
+			invalidate: () => {
+				cachedWidth = undefined;
+				cachedLines = undefined;
+				cachedSkipped = undefined;
+				cachedPreviewLines = undefined;
+			},
+		};
+	},
+	mergeCallAndResult: true,
+	inline: true,
+};