@newrelic/video-videojs 4.1.1 → 4.2.0

package/src/ads/utils/mt.js

@@ -0,0 +1,814 @@
+/**
+ * MediaTailor Utility Functions
+ * Helper functions for AWS MediaTailor ad tracking
+ */
+
+import nrvideo from '@newrelic/video-core';
+
+const nrvideoCore = nrvideo.default || nrvideo;
+const Log = nrvideoCore.Log;
+
+import {
+  DASH_MANIFEST_EXTENSION,
+  DASH_SCTE35_EVENT_STREAM_SELECTOR,
+  HLS_MANIFEST_EXTENSION,
+  HLS_SEGMENT_DURATION_TAG,
+  HLS_TAG_PREFIX,
+  REGEX_CUE_OUT,
+  REGEX_DASH_MINIMUM_UPDATE_PERIOD,
+  REGEX_DISCONTINUITY,
+  REGEX_HLS_TARGET_DURATION,
+  REGEX_ISO_8601_DURATION,
+  REGEX_MAP,
+  REGEX_MANIFEST_FILE_SUFFIX,
+  REGEX_SESSION_ID,
+  REGEX_TRACKING_PATH_SEGMENT,
+  MT_HLS_CUE_IN_TAG,
+  MT_HLS_CUE_OUT_TAG,
+  MT_SEGMENT_PATTERN,
+  MT_DEFAULT_AD_SEGMENT_PATH,
+  MIN_AD_DURATION,
+  AD_TIMING_TOLERANCE,
+  SCTE35_SCHEME_MARKER,
+  STREAM_TYPE,
+  MANIFEST_TYPE,
+  AD_POSITION,
+  AD_SOURCE,
+  QUARTILES,
+} from './mt-constants.js';
+
+/**
+ * Generates timestamp string for logging (HH:MM:SS.mmm format)
+ */
+export function getTimestamp() {
+  const now = new Date();
+  return now.toISOString().substring(11, 23);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Detects manifest format from URL (.m3u8 = HLS, .mpd = DASH)
+ */
+export function detectManifestFormatFromUrl(url) {
+  if (url.includes(HLS_MANIFEST_EXTENSION)) {
+    return MANIFEST_TYPE.HLS;
+  } else if (url.includes(DASH_MANIFEST_EXTENSION)) {
+    return MANIFEST_TYPE.DASH;
+  }
+  return MANIFEST_TYPE.HLS; // Default fallback
+}
+
+/**
+ * Detects stream type from player duration (Infinity = Live, else = VOD)
+ */
+export function detectPlaybackStreamType(duration) {
+  return duration === Infinity ? STREAM_TYPE.LIVE : STREAM_TYPE.VOD;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Builds a tracking endpoint URL from a sessionized manifest URL
+ * Format: /v1/tracking/{customerId}/{configName}/{sessionId}
+ */
+export function buildTrackingEndpointUrl(manifestUrl) {
+  const match = manifestUrl.match(REGEX_SESSION_ID);
+
+  if (!match) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  const sessionId = match[1];
+
+  // Convert manifest URL to tracking URL:
+  // /v1/master/{id}/{name}/master.m3u8?aws.sessionId=xxx → /v1/tracking/{id}/{name}/{sessionId}
+  // /v1/dash/{id}/{name}/index.mpd?aws.sessionId=xxx    → /v1/tracking/{id}/{name}/{sessionId}
+  const trackingEndpointUrl = manifestUrl
+    .replace(REGEX_TRACKING_PATH_SEGMENT, '/v1/tracking/')
+    .replace(REGEX_MANIFEST_FILE_SUFFIX, `/${sessionId}`);
+
+  return trackingEndpointUrl;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks if segment is a MediaTailor ad segment
+ */
+export function isMediaTailorSegment(segment, { adSegmentPrefix } = {}) {
+  const candidates = [MT_SEGMENT_PATTERN, MT_DEFAULT_AD_SEGMENT_PATH];
+  if (adSegmentPrefix) candidates.push(adSegmentPrefix);
+
+  const mapUri = (segment.map && segment.map.uri) || '';
+  const segUri = segment.uri || '';
+
+  return candidates.some(
+    (marker) => mapUri.includes(marker) || segUri.includes(marker),
+  );
+}
+
+export function whichAdSegmentMarker(segment, { adSegmentPrefix } = {}) {
+  const labeled = [
+    { marker: MT_SEGMENT_PATTERN,        label: 'aws-hostname (segments.mediatailor)' },
+    { marker: MT_DEFAULT_AD_SEGMENT_PATH, label: 'default-cdn-path (/tm/)' },
+  ];
+  if (adSegmentPrefix) labeled.push({ marker: adSegmentPrefix, label: `custom-prefix (${adSegmentPrefix})` });
+
+  const mapUri = (segment.map && segment.map.uri) || '';
+  const segUri = segment.uri || '';
+
+  const hit = labeled.find(({ marker }) => mapUri.includes(marker) || segUri.includes(marker));
+  return hit ? hit.label : null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determines ad position based on schedule index (VOD only, Live returns null)
+ */
+export function determineAdPosition(adBreakIndex, totalAdBreaks, streamType) {
+  if (streamType === STREAM_TYPE.LIVE) {
+    return null; // Live streams have no position concept
+  }
+
+  // VOD: Determine position by schedule index
+  if (adBreakIndex === 0) {
+    return AD_POSITION.PRE_ROLL; // First ad
+  } else if (adBreakIndex === totalAdBreaks - 1) {
+    return AD_POSITION.POST_ROLL; // Last ad
+  } else {
+    return AD_POSITION.MID_ROLL; // Middle ad
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Finds ad break index in schedule by start time
+ */
+export function findAdBreakIndex(adSchedule, startTime) {
+  return adSchedule.findIndex(
+    (ad) => Math.abs(ad.startTime - startTime) < AD_TIMING_TOLERANCE
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Calculates quartile thresholds for an ad duration
+ */
+export function calculateQuartiles(duration) {
+  return {
+    q1: duration * QUARTILES.Q1,
+    q2: duration * QUARTILES.Q2,
+    q3: duration * QUARTILES.Q3,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks which quartile events should fire based on progress
+ */
+export function getQuartilesToFire(progress, duration, firedQuartiles) {
+  const quartiles = calculateQuartiles(duration);
+  const toFire = [];
+
+  if (progress >= quartiles.q1 && !firedQuartiles.q1) {
+    toFire.push({ quartile: 1, key: 'q1' });
+  }
+  if (progress >= quartiles.q2 && !firedQuartiles.q2) {
+    toFire.push({ quartile: 2, key: 'q2' });
+  }
+  if (progress >= quartiles.q3 && !firedQuartiles.q3) {
+    toFire.push({ quartile: 3, key: 'q3' });
+  }
+
+  return toFire;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Finds active ad break at current playhead time
+ */
+export function findActiveAdBreak(adSchedule, currentTime) {
+  return adSchedule.find(
+    (ad) => currentTime >= ad.startTime && currentTime < ad.endTime
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Finds active pod within ad break at current playhead time
+ */
+export function findActivePod(adBreak, currentTime) {
+  if (!adBreak || !adBreak.pods || adBreak.pods.length === 0) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  return adBreak.pods.find(
+    (pod) => currentTime >= pod.startTime && currentTime < pod.endTime
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validates if ad break duration meets minimum threshold
+ */
+export function isValidAdBreak(adBreak) {
+  return adBreak.duration > MIN_AD_DURATION;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Merges new ads into existing schedule (deduplicates by start time)
+ */
+export function mergeAdSchedules(existingSchedule, newAds) {
+  const scheduleMap = new Map();
+
+  // Add existing ads to map (keyed by rounded start time)
+  existingSchedule.forEach((ad) => {
+    const key = Math.round(ad.startTime);
+    scheduleMap.set(key, ad);
+  });
+
+  // Merge new ads
+  const merged = [];
+  newAds.forEach((newAd) => {
+    const key = Math.round(newAd.startTime);
+    const existingAd = scheduleMap.get(key);
+
+    if (!existingAd) {
+      merged.push(newAd);
+      scheduleMap.set(key, newAd);
+    } else if (!existingAd.confirmedByTracking && newAd.confirmedByTracking) {
+      Object.assign(existingAd, newAd);
+    }
+  });
+
+  // Combine and sort by start time
+  const finalSchedule = [...existingSchedule, ...merged];
+  finalSchedule.sort((a, b) => a.startTime - b.startTime);
+
+  return finalSchedule;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses HLS manifest text for CUE-OUT/CUE-IN markers
+ */
+export function parseHlsManifestForAdBreaks(manifestText) {
+  const lines = manifestText.split('\n');
+  const adBreaks = [];
+
+  let currentTime = 0;
+  let currentAdBreak = null;
+  let currentPodStartTime = null;
+  let lastMapUrl = null;
+  let adPods = [];
+  let isInAdBreak = false;
+
+  for (const line of lines) {
+    // Detect DISCONTINUITY marker
+    if (REGEX_DISCONTINUITY.test(line)) {
+      if (isInAdBreak && lastMapUrl) {
+        const mapMatch = line.match(REGEX_MAP);
+        const mapUrl = mapMatch ? mapMatch[1] : null;
+
+        if (mapUrl && mapUrl !== lastMapUrl) {
+          // New MAP = new pod boundary
+          if (currentPodStartTime !== null) {
+            const podDuration = currentTime - currentPodStartTime;
+            adPods.push({
+              startTime: currentPodStartTime,
+              duration: podDuration,
+              endTime: currentTime,
+              mapUrl: lastMapUrl,
+            });
+          }
+          currentPodStartTime = currentTime;
+          lastMapUrl = mapUrl;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Detect MAP URL changes
+    const mapMatch = line.match(REGEX_MAP);
+    if (mapMatch && isInAdBreak) {
+      const mapUrl = mapMatch[1];
+      if (mapUrl && mapUrl !== lastMapUrl) {
+        // New MAP = new pod
+        if (currentPodStartTime !== null) {
+          const podDuration = currentTime - currentPodStartTime;
+          adPods.push({
+            startTime: currentPodStartTime,
+            duration: podDuration,
+            endTime: currentTime,
+            mapUrl: lastMapUrl,
+          });
+        }
+        currentPodStartTime = currentTime;
+        lastMapUrl = mapUrl;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Detect CUE-OUT (ad break start)
+    if (line.startsWith(MT_HLS_CUE_OUT_TAG)) {
+      const durationMatch = line.match(REGEX_CUE_OUT);
+      const duration = durationMatch ? parseFloat(durationMatch[1]) : null;
+
+      isInAdBreak = true;
+      adPods = [];
+      currentAdBreak = {
+        id: `avail-${currentTime}`,
+        startTime: currentTime,
+        duration: duration,
+        endTime: null,
+        pods: [],
+        hasFiredStart: false,
+        hasFiredEnd: false,
+        hasFiredAdStart: false,
+        confirmedByTracking: false,
+      };
+    }
+
+    // Detect CUE-IN (ad break end)
+    if (line.startsWith(MT_HLS_CUE_IN_TAG)) {
+      if (currentAdBreak) {
+        // Close final pod
+        if (currentPodStartTime !== null) {
+          const podDuration = currentTime - currentPodStartTime;
+          adPods.push({
+            startTime: currentPodStartTime,
+            duration: podDuration,
+            endTime: currentTime,
+            mapUrl: lastMapUrl,
+          });
+        }
+
+        // Calculate actual duration
+        const actualDuration = currentTime - currentAdBreak.startTime;
+
+        // Filter zero-duration false positives
+        if (actualDuration >= MIN_AD_DURATION) {
+          currentAdBreak.duration = actualDuration;
+          currentAdBreak.endTime = currentTime;
+          currentAdBreak.pods = adPods;
+          adBreaks.push(currentAdBreak);
+        }
+
+        // Reset state
+        currentAdBreak = null;
+        isInAdBreak = false;
+        currentPodStartTime = null;
+        lastMapUrl = null;
+        adPods = [];
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Track time via EXTINF
+    if (line.startsWith(HLS_SEGMENT_DURATION_TAG)) {
+      const duration = parseFloat(line.split(':')[1]);
+      if (!isNaN(duration)) {
+        currentTime += duration;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Handle unclosed ad break
+  if (currentAdBreak && currentAdBreak.duration) {
+    currentAdBreak.endTime = currentAdBreak.startTime + currentAdBreak.duration;
+    currentAdBreak.pods = adPods;
+    adBreaks.push(currentAdBreak);
+  }
+
+  return adBreaks;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Detects ads from VHS playlist using discontinuityStarts and MediaTailor segments
+ */
+export function detectAdBreaksFromVhsPlaylist(playlist, { adSegmentPrefix } = {}) {
+  const segments = playlist.segments;
+  const discontinuityStarts = playlist.discontinuityStarts || [];
+  const adBreaks = [];
+
+  let currentAdBreak = null;
+  let currentPod = null;
+  let currentTime = 0;
+
+  segments.forEach((segment, index) => {
+    const isMTSegment = isMediaTailorSegment(segment, { adSegmentPrefix });
+    const hasDiscontinuity = discontinuityStarts.includes(index);
+
+    if (isMTSegment) {
+      // Discontinuity marks new pod boundary
+      if (hasDiscontinuity && currentPod) {
+        currentPod.endTime = currentTime;
+        if (currentPod.duration > MIN_AD_DURATION) {
+          currentAdBreak.pods.push(currentPod);
+        }
+        currentPod = null;
+      }
+
+      // Start new ad break if not in one
+      if (!currentAdBreak) {
+        currentAdBreak = {
+          id: `avail-${currentTime}`,
+          startTime: currentTime,
+          duration: 0,
+          endTime: null,
+          source: 'vhs-discontinuity',
+          confirmedByTracking: false,
+          hasFiredStart: false,
+          hasFiredEnd: false,
+          hasFiredAdStart: false,
+          hasFiredQ1: false,
+          hasFiredQ2: false,
+          hasFiredQ3: false,
+          pods: [],
+        };
+      }
+
+      // Start new pod if not in one
+      if (!currentPod) {
+        currentPod = {
+          startTime: currentTime,
+          duration: 0,
+          endTime: null,
+          hasFiredStart: false,
+          hasFiredQ1: false,
+          hasFiredQ2: false,
+          hasFiredQ3: false,
+        };
+      }
+
+      // Accumulate durations
+      const segmentDuration = segment.duration || 0;
+      currentAdBreak.duration += segmentDuration;
+      currentPod.duration += segmentDuration;
+    } else {
+      // Not MediaTailor segment - end ad break
+      if (currentAdBreak) {
+        // Close current pod
+        if (currentPod) {
+          currentPod.endTime = currentTime;
+          if (currentPod.duration > MIN_AD_DURATION) {
+            currentAdBreak.pods.push(currentPod);
+          }
+          currentPod = null;
+        }
+
+        // Close ad break
+        currentAdBreak.endTime = currentTime;
+        if (currentAdBreak.duration > MIN_AD_DURATION) {
+          adBreaks.push(currentAdBreak);
+        }
+        currentAdBreak = null;
+      }
+    }
+
+    currentTime += segment.duration || 0;
+  });
+
+  // Handle unclosed pod/ad break at end
+  if (currentAdBreak) {
+    if (currentPod) {
+      currentPod.endTime = currentTime;
+      if (currentPod.duration > MIN_AD_DURATION) {
+        currentAdBreak.pods.push(currentPod);
+      }
+    }
+    currentAdBreak.endTime = currentTime;
+    if (currentAdBreak.duration > MIN_AD_DURATION) {
+      adBreaks.push(currentAdBreak);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return adBreaks;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Enriches ad schedule with tracking API metadata
+ */
+export function enrichAdScheduleWithTrackingMetadata(adSchedule, trackingAvails) {
+  const scheduleMap = new Map();
+
+  // Build map of existing ads
+  adSchedule.forEach((ad) => {
+    const key = Math.round(ad.startTime);
+    scheduleMap.set(key, ad);
+  });
+
+  // Process each avail from tracking API
+  const newAds = [];
+  trackingAvails.forEach((avail) => {
+    const firstAd = avail.ads && avail.ads.length > 0 ? avail.ads[0] : null;
+    if (!firstAd) return;
+
+    const key = Math.round(firstAd.startTimeInSeconds);
+    const existingAd = scheduleMap.get(key);
+
+    if (existingAd) {
+      // Enrich existing ad with tracking metadata
+      existingAd.id = avail.availId;
+      existingAd.creativeId = firstAd.adId;
+      existingAd.title = firstAd.adTitle;
+      existingAd.confirmedByTracking = true;
+
+      // Enrich pods with tracking ad metadata
+      if (avail.ads && avail.ads.length > 0 && existingAd.pods) {
+        avail.ads.forEach((trackingAd, adIndex) => {
+          if (existingAd.pods[adIndex]) {
+            // Update existing pod
+            existingAd.pods[adIndex].title = trackingAd.adTitle;
+            existingAd.pods[adIndex].creativeId = trackingAd.adId;
+            existingAd.pods[adIndex].trackingStartTime = trackingAd.startTimeInSeconds;
+            existingAd.pods[adIndex].trackingDuration = trackingAd.durationInSeconds;
+          } else {
+            // Add new pod from tracking
+            existingAd.pods.push({
+              startTime: trackingAd.startTimeInSeconds,
+              duration: trackingAd.durationInSeconds,
+              endTime: trackingAd.startTimeInSeconds + trackingAd.durationInSeconds,
+              title: trackingAd.adTitle,
+              creativeId: trackingAd.adId,
+              hasFiredStart: false,
+              hasFiredQ1: false,
+              hasFiredQ2: false,
+              hasFiredQ3: false,
+            });
+          }
+        });
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Add new ad from tracking
+      newAds.push({
+        id: avail.availId,
+        startTime: firstAd.startTimeInSeconds,
+        duration: avail.durationInSeconds,
+        endTime: firstAd.startTimeInSeconds + avail.durationInSeconds,
+        title: firstAd.adTitle,
+        creativeId: firstAd.adId,
+        source: 'tracking-api',
+        confirmedByTracking: true,
+        hasFiredStart: false,
+        hasFiredEnd: false,
+        hasFiredAdStart: false,
+        hasFiredQ1: false,
+        hasFiredQ2: false,
+        hasFiredQ3: false,
+        pods: avail.ads.map((ad) => ({
+          startTime: ad.startTimeInSeconds,
+          duration: ad.durationInSeconds,
+          endTime: ad.startTimeInSeconds + ad.durationInSeconds,
+          title: ad.adTitle,
+          creativeId: ad.adId,
+          hasFiredStart: false,
+          hasFiredQ1: false,
+          hasFiredQ2: false,
+          hasFiredQ3: false,
+        })),
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
+  return newAds;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extracts the HLS live target duration from manifest text.
+ * In HLS, EXT-X-TARGETDURATION is the closest manifest-level hint for refresh cadence.
+ */
+export function extractHlsTargetDurationSeconds(manifestText) {
+  const match = manifestText.match(REGEX_HLS_TARGET_DURATION);
+  return match ? parseInt(match[1], 10) : null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extracts the DASH live minimumUpdatePeriod from MPD manifest text.
+ * In DASH, minimumUpdatePeriod is the MPD's refresh hint for clients polling a live manifest.
+ */
+export function extractDashMinimumUpdatePeriodSeconds(manifestText) {
+  const match = manifestText.match(REGEX_DASH_MINIMUM_UPDATE_PERIOD);
+  return match ? parseIsoDuration(match[1]) : null;
+}
+
+async function fetchTextOrThrow(url) {
+  const response = await fetch(url, { credentials: 'include' });
+
+  if (response.ok === false) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Manifest request failed: ${response.status || 'unknown'} ${
+        response.statusText || 'Request failed'
+      }`
+    );
+  }
+
+  return await response.text();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetches HLS master manifest and returns master text + first media playlist URL
+ */
+export async function fetchHlsMasterManifest(manifestUrl) {
+  const masterText = await fetchTextOrThrow(manifestUrl);
+
+  // Find first media playlist URL
+  const lines = masterText.split('\n');
+  let mediaPlaylistUrl = null;
+
+  for (const line of lines) {
+    if (!line.startsWith(HLS_TAG_PREFIX) && line.includes(HLS_MANIFEST_EXTENSION)) {
+      mediaPlaylistUrl = new URL(line.trim(), manifestUrl).href;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return { masterText, mediaPlaylistUrl };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetches HLS media playlist and returns text
+ */
+export async function fetchHlsMediaPlaylist(playlistUrl) {
+  return await fetchTextOrThrow(playlistUrl);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetches DASH MPD manifest and returns XML text
+ */
+export async function fetchDashManifest(manifestUrl) {
+  return await fetchTextOrThrow(manifestUrl);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses ISO 8601 duration string to seconds
+ * e.g. "PT1M14S" → 74, "PT10S" → 10, "PT12M54S" → 774
+ */
+export function parseIsoDuration(durationStr) {
+  if (!durationStr) return 0;
+  const match = durationStr.match(REGEX_ISO_8601_DURATION);
+  if (!match) return 0;
+  const hours = parseFloat(match[1] || 0);
+  const minutes = parseFloat(match[2] || 0);
+  const seconds = parseFloat(match[3] || 0);
+  return hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses DASH MPD for ad breaks — supports both MULTI_PERIOD and SINGLE_PERIOD formats.
+ *
+ * MULTI_PERIOD (MediaTailor default): ad breaks are separate <Period> elements
+ * whose <BaseURL> points to segments.mediatailor.amazonaws.com.
+ *
+ * SINGLE_PERIOD: the entire stream is one period; ads are signalled via
+ * SCTE-35 <EventStream> elements inside that period.
+ */
+export function parseDashManifestForAdBreaks(xmlText, { adSegmentPrefix } = {}) {
+  const parser = new DOMParser();
+  const xml = parser.parseFromString(xmlText, 'text/xml');
+  const ads = [];
+
+  const parserError = xml.querySelector('parsererror');
+  if (parserError) {
+    Log.error('[MT] DASH XML parse error:', parserError.textContent);
+    return ads;
+  }
+
+  const periods = xml.querySelectorAll('Period');
+  Log.debug(`[MT] Found ${periods.length} Period(s) in DASH manifest`);
+
+  if (periods.length > 1) {
+    // ── MULTI_PERIOD ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Ad periods are identified by a BaseURL pointing to the MediaTailor CDN.
+    periods.forEach((period) => {
+      const baseUrlEl = period.querySelector('BaseURL');
+      const baseUrl = baseUrlEl ? baseUrlEl.textContent.trim() : '';
+
+      const adCandidates = [MT_SEGMENT_PATTERN, MT_DEFAULT_AD_SEGMENT_PATH];
+      if (adSegmentPrefix) adCandidates.push(adSegmentPrefix);
+      if (!adCandidates.some((m) => baseUrl.includes(m))) {
+        return; // content period
+      }
+
+      const periodId = period.getAttribute('id') || '';
+      const startTime = parseIsoDuration(period.getAttribute('start') || 'PT0S');
+      const duration = parseIsoDuration(period.getAttribute('duration') || '');
+
+      if (duration < MIN_AD_DURATION) {
+        Log.debug(`[MT] Skipping period ${periodId} - duration too short (${duration}s)`);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      Log.debug(`[MT] Ad period detected: ${periodId}`, { startTime, duration });
+
+      ads.push({
+        id: periodId,
+        startTime,
+        duration,
+        endTime: startTime + duration,
+        source: AD_SOURCE.MANIFEST_CUE,
+        confirmedByTracking: false,
+        hasFiredStart: false,
+        hasFiredEnd: false,
+        hasFiredAdStart: false,
+        hasFiredQ1: false,
+        hasFiredQ2: false,
+        hasFiredQ3: false,
+        pods: [],
+      });
+    });
+  } else {
+    // ── SINGLE_PERIOD ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Ads are signalled via SCTE-35 EventStream elements within the single period.
+    const eventStreams = xml.querySelectorAll(
+      DASH_SCTE35_EVENT_STREAM_SELECTOR,
+    );
+
+    Log.debug(`[MT] Found ${eventStreams.length} SCTE-35 EventStream(s) in single-period manifest`);
+
+    eventStreams.forEach((stream) => {
+      const timescale = parseFloat(stream.getAttribute('timescale') || '1');
+
+      stream.querySelectorAll('Event').forEach((event) => {
+        const presentationTime = parseFloat(event.getAttribute('presentationTime') || 0);
+        const duration = parseFloat(event.getAttribute('duration') || 0);
+        const eventId =
+          event.getAttribute('id') ||
+          `${SCTE35_SCHEME_MARKER}-${presentationTime}`;
+
+        const startTime = timescale !== 1 ? presentationTime / timescale : presentationTime;
+        const durationSeconds = timescale !== 1 ? duration / timescale : duration;
+
+        if (durationSeconds < MIN_AD_DURATION) {
+          Log.debug(`[MT] Skipping event ${eventId} - duration too short (${durationSeconds}s)`);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        Log.debug(`[MT] SCTE-35 event detected: ${eventId}`, { startTime, durationSeconds });
+
+        ads.push({
+          id: eventId,
+          startTime,
+          duration: durationSeconds,
+          endTime: startTime + durationSeconds,
+          source: AD_SOURCE.MANIFEST_CUE,
+          confirmedByTracking: false,
+          hasFiredStart: false,
+          hasFiredEnd: false,
+          hasFiredAdStart: false,
+          hasFiredQ1: false,
+          hasFiredQ2: false,
+          hasFiredQ3: false,
+          pods: [],
+        });
+      });
+    });
+  }
+
+  Log.debug(`[MT] Parsed ${ads.length} valid ad break(s) from DASH manifest`);
+  return ads;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fetches tracking metadata from AWS MediaTailor Tracking API
+ * @param {string} trackingEndpointUrl - The tracking API URL
+ * @param {number} timeout - Timeout in milliseconds
+ * @param {AbortSignal} externalSignal - Optional external abort signal for cancellation
+ */
+export async function getTrackingMetadata(trackingEndpointUrl, timeout = 8000, externalSignal = null) {
+  // Create AbortController for timeout support
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), timeout);
+
+  // If external signal provided, listen for its abort event
+  const abortHandler = () => controller.abort();
+  if (externalSignal) {
+    externalSignal.addEventListener('abort', abortHandler);
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const response = await fetch(`${trackingEndpointUrl}?t=${Date.now()}`, {
+      signal: controller.signal,
+      credentials: 'include',
+    });
+
+    clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+    if (externalSignal) {
+      externalSignal.removeEventListener('abort', abortHandler);
+    }
+
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      throw new Error(`Tracking API error: ${response.status}`);
+    }
+
+    return await response.json();
+  } catch (error) {
+    clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+    if (externalSignal) {
+      externalSignal.removeEventListener('abort', abortHandler);
+    }
+    throw error;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extracts first media playlist URL from HLS master manifest text
+ */
+export function extractMediaPlaylistUrl(masterText, baseUrl) {
+  const lines = masterText.split('\n');
+
+  for (const line of lines) {
+    if (
+      !line.startsWith(HLS_TAG_PREFIX) &&
+      line.includes(HLS_MANIFEST_EXTENSION)
+    ) {
+      return new URL(line.trim(), baseUrl).href;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return null;
+}