@neverinfamous/postgres-mcp 2.0.0 → 2.1.0

package/dist/adapters/postgresql/tools/introspection/analysis.js

@@ -0,0 +1,574 @@
+/**
+ * PostgreSQL Introspection Tools - Schema Analysis
+ *
+ * Schema snapshot, constraint analysis, and migration risk assessment tools.
+ * 3 tools total.
+ */
+import { readOnly } from "../../../../utils/annotations.js";
+import { getToolIcons } from "../../../../utils/icons.js";
+import { formatPostgresError } from "../core/error-helpers.js";
+import { parseArrayColumn, qualifiedName } from "./graph.js";
+import { SchemaSnapshotSchemaBase, SchemaSnapshotSchema, ConstraintAnalysisSchemaBase, ConstraintAnalysisSchema, MigrationRisksSchemaBase, MigrationRisksSchema, 
+// Output schemas
+SchemaSnapshotOutputSchema, ConstraintAnalysisOutputSchema, MigrationRisksOutputSchema, } from "../../schemas/index.js";
+// =============================================================================
+// pg_schema_snapshot
+// =============================================================================
+export function createSchemaSnapshotTool(adapter) {
+    return {
+        name: "pg_schema_snapshot",
+        description: "Get a complete schema snapshot in a single agent-optimized JSON structure. Includes tables, columns, types, constraints, indexes, triggers, sequences, and extensions.",
+        group: "introspection",
+        inputSchema: SchemaSnapshotSchemaBase,
+        outputSchema: SchemaSnapshotOutputSchema,
+        annotations: readOnly("Schema Snapshot"),
+        icons: getToolIcons("introspection", readOnly("Schema Snapshot")),
+        handler: async (params, _context) => {
+            try {
+                const parsed = SchemaSnapshotSchema.parse(params);
+                const includeAll = !parsed.sections || parsed.sections.length === 0;
+                const sections = new Set(parsed.sections ?? []);
+                const snapshot = {};
+                const stats = {
+                    tables: 0,
+                    views: 0,
+                    indexes: 0,
+                    constraints: 0,
+                    functions: 0,
+                    triggers: 0,
+                    sequences: 0,
+                    customTypes: 0,
+                    extensions: 0,
+                };
+                const schemaExclude = parsed.includeSystem
+                    ? ""
+                    : "AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema') AND n.nspname !~ '^pg_toast'";
+                const extensionSchemaExclude = !parsed.schema &&
+                    !parsed.includeSystem &&
+                    parsed.excludeExtensionSchemas !== false
+                    ? "AND n.nspname NOT IN ('cron', 'topology', 'tiger', 'tiger_data')"
+                    : "";
+                // Exclude extension-owned objects (e.g. spatial_ref_sys, part_config) from public schema
+                const extOwnedActive = !parsed.includeSystem && parsed.excludeExtensionSchemas !== false;
+                const extOwnedClause = (oidExpr) => extOwnedActive
+                    ? `AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM pg_depend dep WHERE dep.objid = ${oidExpr} AND dep.deptype = 'e')`
+                    : "";
+                const schemaParams = [];
+                let schemaWhere = "";
+                if (parsed.schema) {
+                    schemaParams.push(parsed.schema);
+                    schemaWhere = `AND n.nspname = $${String(schemaParams.length)}`;
+                }
+                // Tables + columns (or compact mode without columns)
+                if (includeAll || sections.has("tables")) {
+                    const columnsSubquery = parsed.compact
+                        ? ""
+                        : `,
+            (SELECT json_agg(json_build_object(
+              'name', a.attname,
+              'type', pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
+              'nullable', NOT a.attnotnull,
+              'default', pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid),
+              'primaryKey', COALESCE((SELECT true FROM pg_constraint pk
+                WHERE pk.conrelid = a.attrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(pk.conkey)
+                AND pk.contype = 'p'), false)
+            ) ORDER BY a.attnum)
+            FROM pg_attribute a
+            LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d ON (a.attrelid, a.attnum) = (d.adrelid, d.adnum)
+            WHERE a.attrelid = c.oid AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
+            ) AS columns`;
+                    const tablesResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            n.nspname AS schema, c.relname AS name,
+            CASE c.relkind WHEN 'r' THEN 'table' WHEN 'p' THEN 'partitioned_table' END AS type,
+            CASE WHEN c.reltuples = -1 THEN COALESCE(s.n_live_tup, 0) ELSE c.reltuples END::bigint AS row_count,
+            pg_table_size(c.oid) AS size_bytes,
+            obj_description(c.oid, 'pg_class') AS comment${columnsSubquery}
+          FROM pg_class c
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+          LEFT JOIN pg_stat_user_tables s ON s.relid = c.oid
+          WHERE c.relkind IN ('r', 'p')
+            ${schemaExclude} ${extensionSchemaExclude} ${extOwnedClause("c.oid")} ${schemaWhere}
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, c.relname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    snapshot["tables"] = tablesResult.rows ?? [];
+                    stats.tables = tablesResult.rows?.length ?? 0;
+                }
+                // Views
+                if (includeAll || sections.has("views")) {
+                    const viewsResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            n.nspname AS schema, c.relname AS name,
+            CASE c.relkind WHEN 'v' THEN 'view' WHEN 'm' THEN 'materialized_view' END AS type,
+            pg_get_viewdef(c.oid, true) AS definition
+          FROM pg_class c
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+          WHERE c.relkind IN ('v', 'm')
+            ${schemaExclude} ${extensionSchemaExclude} ${extOwnedClause("c.oid")} ${schemaWhere}
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, c.relname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    snapshot["views"] = viewsResult.rows ?? [];
+                    stats.views = viewsResult.rows?.length ?? 0;
+                }
+                // Indexes
+                if (includeAll || sections.has("indexes")) {
+                    const indexesResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            i.relname AS name, t.relname AS table_name, n.nspname AS schema,
+            am.amname AS type, ix.indisunique AS is_unique,
+            pg_get_indexdef(ix.indexrelid) AS definition,
+            pg_relation_size(i.oid) AS size_bytes
+          FROM pg_index ix
+          JOIN pg_class t ON t.oid = ix.indrelid
+          JOIN pg_class i ON i.oid = ix.indexrelid
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace
+          JOIN pg_am am ON am.oid = i.relam
+          WHERE ${parsed.includeSystem ? "true" : "n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema') AND n.nspname !~ '^pg_toast'"}
+            ${extensionSchemaExclude} ${extOwnedClause("t.oid")} ${schemaWhere}
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, t.relname, i.relname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    snapshot["indexes"] = indexesResult.rows ?? [];
+                    stats.indexes = indexesResult.rows?.length ?? 0;
+                }
+                // Constraints
+                if (includeAll || sections.has("constraints")) {
+                    const constraintsResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            c.conname AS name, t.relname AS table_name, n.nspname AS schema,
+            CASE c.contype WHEN 'p' THEN 'primary_key' WHEN 'f' THEN 'foreign_key'
+              WHEN 'u' THEN 'unique' WHEN 'c' THEN 'check' WHEN 'x' THEN 'exclusion' END AS type,
+            pg_get_constraintdef(c.oid) AS definition
+          FROM pg_constraint c
+          JOIN pg_class t ON t.oid = c.conrelid
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace
+          WHERE ${parsed.includeSystem ? "true" : "n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema')"}
+            ${extensionSchemaExclude} ${extOwnedClause("t.oid")} ${schemaWhere}
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, t.relname, c.conname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    snapshot["constraints"] = constraintsResult.rows ?? [];
+                    stats.constraints = constraintsResult.rows?.length ?? 0;
+                }
+                // Functions
+                if (includeAll || sections.has("functions")) {
+                    const functionsResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            n.nspname AS schema, p.proname AS name,
+            pg_get_function_arguments(p.oid) AS arguments,
+            pg_get_function_result(p.oid) AS return_type,
+            l.lanname AS language, p.provolatile AS volatility
+          FROM pg_proc p
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = p.pronamespace
+          JOIN pg_language l ON l.oid = p.prolang
+          WHERE ${parsed.includeSystem ? "true" : "n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema')"}
+            ${extensionSchemaExclude} ${extOwnedClause("p.oid")} ${schemaWhere}
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, p.proname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    snapshot["functions"] = functionsResult.rows ?? [];
+                    stats.functions = functionsResult.rows?.length ?? 0;
+                }
+                // Triggers
+                if (includeAll || sections.has("triggers")) {
+                    const triggersResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            t.tgname AS name, c.relname AS table_name, n.nspname AS schema,
+            CASE WHEN t.tgtype & 2 = 2 THEN 'BEFORE' WHEN t.tgtype & 64 = 64 THEN 'INSTEAD OF' ELSE 'AFTER' END AS timing,
+            array_remove(ARRAY[
+              CASE WHEN t.tgtype & 4 = 4 THEN 'INSERT' END,
+              CASE WHEN t.tgtype & 8 = 8 THEN 'DELETE' END,
+              CASE WHEN t.tgtype & 16 = 16 THEN 'UPDATE' END,
+              CASE WHEN t.tgtype & 32 = 32 THEN 'TRUNCATE' END
+            ], NULL) AS events,
+            p.proname AS function_name
+          FROM pg_trigger t
+          JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = t.tgrelid
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+          JOIN pg_proc p ON p.oid = t.tgfoid
+          WHERE NOT t.tgisinternal
+            ${schemaExclude} ${extensionSchemaExclude} ${extOwnedClause("c.oid")} ${schemaWhere}
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, c.relname, t.tgname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    snapshot["triggers"] = triggersResult.rows ?? [];
+                    stats.triggers = triggersResult.rows?.length ?? 0;
+                }
+                // Sequences
+                if (includeAll || sections.has("sequences")) {
+                    const seqResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            n.nspname AS schema, c.relname AS name,
+            (SELECT tc.relname || '.' || a.attname
+             FROM pg_depend d
+             JOIN pg_class tc ON tc.oid = d.refobjid
+             JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = tc.oid AND a.attnum = d.refobjsubid
+             WHERE d.objid = c.oid AND d.classid = 'pg_class'::regclass AND d.deptype = 'a'
+             LIMIT 1) AS owned_by
+          FROM pg_class c
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+          WHERE c.relkind = 'S'
+            ${schemaExclude} ${extensionSchemaExclude} ${extOwnedClause("c.oid")} ${schemaWhere}
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, c.relname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    snapshot["sequences"] = seqResult.rows ?? [];
+                    stats.sequences = seqResult.rows?.length ?? 0;
+                }
+                // Custom types
+                if (includeAll || sections.has("types")) {
+                    const typesResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            n.nspname AS schema, t.typname AS name,
+            CASE t.typtype WHEN 'e' THEN 'enum' WHEN 'c' THEN 'composite' WHEN 'd' THEN 'domain' WHEN 'r' THEN 'range' END AS type,
+            CASE WHEN t.typtype = 'e' THEN
+              (SELECT json_agg(e.enumlabel ORDER BY e.enumsortorder) FROM pg_enum e WHERE e.enumtypid = t.oid)
+            END AS values
+          FROM pg_type t
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.typnamespace
+          WHERE t.typtype IN ('e', 'c', 'd', 'r')
+            AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema')
+            ${extensionSchemaExclude} ${extOwnedClause("t.oid")} ${schemaWhere}
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, t.typname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    snapshot["types"] = typesResult.rows ?? [];
+                    stats.customTypes = typesResult.rows?.length ?? 0;
+                }
+                // Extensions (skip when schema filter is active — extensions are global objects)
+                if ((includeAll || sections.has("extensions")) && !parsed.schema) {
+                    const extResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT extname AS name, extversion AS version,
+                  n.nspname AS schema
+           FROM pg_extension e
+           JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = e.extnamespace
+           ORDER BY e.extname`);
+                    snapshot["extensions"] = extResult.rows ?? [];
+                    stats.extensions = extResult.rows?.length ?? 0;
+                }
+                // Add hint for nonexistent/empty schema
+                const allEmpty = Object.values(stats).every((v) => v === 0);
+                const hint = parsed.schema !== undefined && allEmpty
+                    ? `Schema '${parsed.schema}' returned no tables. Verify the schema exists with pg_list_schemas.`
+                    : undefined;
+                return {
+                    snapshot,
+                    stats,
+                    generatedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+                    ...(parsed.compact && { compact: true }),
+                    ...(hint !== undefined && { hint }),
+                };
+            }
+            catch (error) {
+                return {
+                    success: false,
+                    error: formatPostgresError(error, {
+                        tool: "pg_schema_snapshot",
+                    }),
+                };
+            }
+        },
+    };
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// pg_constraint_analysis
+// =============================================================================
+export function createConstraintAnalysisTool(adapter) {
+    return {
+        name: "pg_constraint_analysis",
+        description: "Analyze all constraints for issues: redundant indexes, missing foreign keys, missing NOT NULL, missing primary keys, and unindexed foreign keys.",
+        group: "introspection",
+        inputSchema: ConstraintAnalysisSchemaBase,
+        outputSchema: ConstraintAnalysisOutputSchema,
+        annotations: readOnly("Constraint Analysis"),
+        icons: getToolIcons("introspection", readOnly("Constraint Analysis")),
+        handler: async (params, _context) => {
+            try {
+                const parsed = ConstraintAnalysisSchema.parse(params);
+                const runAll = !parsed.checks || parsed.checks.length === 0;
+                const checks = new Set(parsed.checks ?? []);
+                const findings = [];
+                const schemaParams = [];
+                let schemaWhere = "";
+                let tableWhere = "";
+                if (parsed.schema) {
+                    schemaParams.push(parsed.schema);
+                    schemaWhere = `AND n.nspname = $${String(schemaParams.length)}`;
+                }
+                if (parsed.table) {
+                    schemaParams.push(parsed.table);
+                    tableWhere = `AND c.relname = $${String(schemaParams.length)}`;
+                }
+                const extensionSchemaExclude = !parsed.schema &&
+                    !parsed.table &&
+                    parsed.excludeExtensionSchemas !== false
+                    ? "AND n.nspname NOT IN ('cron', 'topology', 'tiger', 'tiger_data')"
+                    : "";
+                // Check: Tables without primary keys
+                if (runAll || checks.has("missing_pk")) {
+                    const result = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT n.nspname AS schema, c.relname AS table_name
+           FROM pg_class c
+           JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+           WHERE c.relkind IN ('r', 'p')
+             AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema')
+             AND n.nspname !~ '^pg_toast'
+             AND NOT EXISTS (
+               SELECT 1 FROM pg_constraint pk
+               WHERE pk.conrelid = c.oid AND pk.contype = 'p'
+             )
+             ${extensionSchemaExclude} ${schemaWhere} ${tableWhere}
+           ORDER BY n.nspname, c.relname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    for (const row of result.rows ?? []) {
+                        findings.push({
+                            type: "missing_pk",
+                            severity: "error",
+                            table: qualifiedName(row["schema"], row["table_name"]),
+                            description: "Table has no primary key",
+                            suggestion: "Add a primary key column (e.g., id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY) for data integrity and efficient lookups",
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                // Check: Unindexed foreign keys
+                if (runAll || checks.has("unindexed_fk")) {
+                    const result = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            n.nspname AS schema, t.relname AS table_name,
+            c.conname AS constraint_name,
+            array_agg(a.attname ORDER BY x.ordinality) AS columns
+          FROM pg_constraint c
+          JOIN pg_class t ON t.oid = c.conrelid
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace
+          CROSS JOIN LATERAL unnest(c.conkey) WITH ORDINALITY AS x(attnum, ordinality)
+          JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t.oid AND a.attnum = x.attnum
+          WHERE c.contype = 'f'
+            AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema')
+            ${extensionSchemaExclude}
+            AND NOT EXISTS (
+              SELECT 1 FROM pg_index ix
+              WHERE ix.indrelid = t.oid
+                AND c.conkey <@ ix.indkey::smallint[]
+            )
+            ${schemaWhere} ${tableWhere.replace("c.relname", "t.relname")}
+          GROUP BY n.nspname, t.relname, c.conname
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, t.relname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    for (const row of result.rows ?? []) {
+                        const cols = parseArrayColumn(row["columns"]);
+                        findings.push({
+                            type: "unindexed_fk",
+                            severity: "warning",
+                            table: qualifiedName(row["schema"], row["table_name"]),
+                            description: `Foreign key '${row["constraint_name"]}' on column(s) [${cols.join(", ")}] has no supporting index`,
+                            suggestion: `CREATE INDEX ON ${qualifiedName(row["schema"], row["table_name"])} (${cols.join(", ")})`,
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                // Check: Tables with columns that likely should have NOT NULL
+                if (runAll || checks.has("missing_not_null")) {
+                    const result = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT
+            n.nspname AS schema, c.relname AS table_name,
+            a.attname AS column_name, pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) AS type
+          FROM pg_attribute a
+          JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = a.attrelid
+          JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+          WHERE c.relkind IN ('r', 'p')
+            AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped AND a.attnotnull = false
+            AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema')
+            AND n.nspname !~ '^pg_toast'
+            ${extensionSchemaExclude}
+            AND a.attname IN ('id', 'uuid', 'email', 'name', 'created_at', 'updated_at', 'status', 'type')
+            AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM pg_constraint pk WHERE pk.conrelid = c.oid AND a.attnum = ANY(pk.conkey) AND pk.contype = 'p')
+            ${schemaWhere} ${tableWhere}
+          ORDER BY n.nspname, c.relname, a.attname`, schemaParams.length > 0 ? schemaParams : undefined);
+                    for (const row of result.rows ?? []) {
+                        findings.push({
+                            type: "missing_not_null",
+                            severity: "info",
+                            table: qualifiedName(row["schema"], row["table_name"]),
+                            description: `Column '${row["column_name"]}' (${row["type"]}) is nullable but commonly expected to be NOT NULL`,
+                            suggestion: `ALTER TABLE ${qualifiedName(row["schema"], row["table_name"])} ALTER COLUMN "${row["column_name"]}" SET NOT NULL`,
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                // Build summary
+                const byType = {};
+                const bySeverity = {};
+                for (const f of findings) {
+                    byType[f.type] = (byType[f.type] ?? 0) + 1;
+                    bySeverity[f.severity] = (bySeverity[f.severity] ?? 0) + 1;
+                }
+                // Add hint for nonexistent table
+                const hint = parsed.table !== undefined && findings.length === 0
+                    ? `No findings for table '${parsed.schema ? parsed.schema + "." : "public."}${parsed.table}'. Verify the table exists with pg_list_tables.`
+                    : undefined;
+                return {
+                    findings,
+                    summary: {
+                        totalFindings: findings.length,
+                        byType,
+                        bySeverity,
+                    },
+                    ...(hint !== undefined && { hint }),
+                };
+            }
+            catch (error) {
+                return {
+                    success: false,
+                    error: formatPostgresError(error, {
+                        tool: "pg_constraint_analysis",
+                    }),
+                };
+            }
+        },
+    };
+}
+// =============================================================================
+// pg_migration_risks
+// =============================================================================
+/** DDL patterns and their associated risks */
+const DDL_RISK_PATTERNS = [
+    {
+        pattern: /\bDROP\s+TABLE\b/i,
+        category: "data_loss",
+        riskLevel: "critical",
+        description: "DROP TABLE permanently deletes the table and all its data",
+        mitigation: "Back up the table first (pg_dump_table), verify no active references",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE on the table",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bTRUNCATE\b/i,
+        category: "data_loss",
+        riskLevel: "critical",
+        description: "TRUNCATE removes all rows from the table",
+        mitigation: "Verify you intend to delete all data, check CASCADE effects",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE on the table",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bDROP\s+COLUMN\b/i,
+        category: "data_loss",
+        riskLevel: "high",
+        description: "DROP COLUMN permanently removes the column and its data",
+        mitigation: "Back up the column data first, verify no application dependencies",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE on the table",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bALTER\s+(?:TABLE|COLUMN)\b.*\bSET\s+NOT\s+NULL\b/i,
+        category: "constraint",
+        riskLevel: "high",
+        description: "Adding NOT NULL requires a full table scan to verify no NULL values exist",
+        mitigation: "First check for NULLs: SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table WHERE column IS NULL",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE during verification scan",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bALTER\s+TABLE\b.*\bADD\s+(?:CONSTRAINT\b.*\b)?FOREIGN\s+KEY\b/i,
+        category: "constraint",
+        riskLevel: "medium",
+        description: "Adding a foreign key requires validating all existing rows",
+        mitigation: "Use NOT VALID to skip validation, then VALIDATE CONSTRAINT separately",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE on both tables",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bALTER\s+TABLE\b.*\bADD\s+COLUMN\b/i,
+        category: "schema_change",
+        riskLevel: "low",
+        description: "Adding a nullable column without a default is a metadata-only change",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE (very brief)",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bALTER\s+TABLE\b.*\bADD\s+COLUMN\b.*\bDEFAULT\b/i,
+        category: "schema_change",
+        riskLevel: "medium",
+        description: "Adding a column with a volatile DEFAULT may require rewriting all rows (PG < 11) or is metadata-only (PG >= 11)",
+        mitigation: "On PG >= 11, this is usually fast. On older versions, consider adding without default then updating",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE (metadata-only on PG >= 11)",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bALTER\s+TABLE\b.*\bALTER\s+COLUMN\b.*\bTYPE\b/i,
+        category: "schema_change",
+        riskLevel: "high",
+        description: "Changing column type requires rewriting the entire table",
+        mitigation: "Consider creating a new column, migrating data, then dropping the old one",
+        requiresDowntime: true,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE for the entire rewrite",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bCREATE\s+INDEX\b(?!\s+CONCURRENTLY)/i,
+        category: "locking",
+        riskLevel: "high",
+        description: "CREATE INDEX (non-concurrent) blocks writes to the table for the entire build duration",
+        mitigation: "Use CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY to avoid blocking writes",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "SHARE lock on the table (blocks INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE)",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bCREATE\s+INDEX\s+CONCURRENTLY\b/i,
+        category: "locking",
+        riskLevel: "low",
+        description: "CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY allows concurrent writes but takes longer",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "No blocking locks (uses ShareUpdateExclusiveLock)",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bDROP\s+INDEX\b(?!\s+CONCURRENTLY)/i,
+        category: "locking",
+        riskLevel: "medium",
+        description: "DROP INDEX blocks writes briefly. May degrade query performance",
+        mitigation: "Use DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY in production, verify no critical queries depend on it",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE (brief)",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bRENAME\s+(?:TABLE|COLUMN|TO)\b/i,
+        category: "breaking_change",
+        riskLevel: "high",
+        description: "Renaming a table or column will break any application queries referencing the old name",
+        mitigation: "Create a view with the old name pointing to the new name for backward compatibility",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE (brief)",
+    },
+    {
+        pattern: /\bDROP\s+SCHEMA\b.*\bCASCADE\b/i,
+        category: "data_loss",
+        riskLevel: "critical",
+        description: "DROP SCHEMA CASCADE deletes the schema and ALL objects within it",
+        mitigation: "List all objects in the schema first, verify intent, and back up critical data",
+        requiresDowntime: false,
+        lockImpact: "ACCESS EXCLUSIVE on all objects in the schema",
+    },
+];
+export function createMigrationRisksTool(adapter) {
+    return {
+        name: "pg_migration_risks",
+        description: "Analyze proposed DDL statements for risks: data loss, lock contention, constraint violations, and breaking changes. Pre-flight check before executing migrations.",
+        group: "introspection",
+        inputSchema: MigrationRisksSchemaBase,
+        outputSchema: MigrationRisksOutputSchema,
+        annotations: readOnly("Migration Risks"),
+        icons: getToolIcons("introspection", readOnly("Migration Risks")),
+        handler: (params, _context) => Promise.resolve().then(() => {
+            // adapter is available for future enhancements (e.g., checking table existence)
+            void adapter;
+            const parsed = MigrationRisksSchema.parse(params);
+            const risks = [];
+            let requiresDowntime = false;
+            let highestRiskLevel = "low";
+            const lockImpacts = new Set();
+            const riskOrder = { low: 0, medium: 1, high: 2, critical: 3 };
+            for (let i = 0; i < parsed.statements.length; i++) {
+                const stmt = parsed.statements[i] ?? "";
+                for (const pattern of DDL_RISK_PATTERNS) {
+                    if (pattern.pattern.test(stmt)) {
+                        risks.push({
+                            statement: stmt.length > 200 ? stmt.slice(0, 200) + "..." : stmt,
+                            statementIndex: i,
+                            riskLevel: pattern.riskLevel,
+                            category: pattern.category,
+                            description: pattern.description,
+                            mitigation: pattern.mitigation,
+                        });
+                        if (pattern.requiresDowntime) {
+                            requiresDowntime = true;
+                        }
+                        if (riskOrder[pattern.riskLevel] > riskOrder[highestRiskLevel]) {
+                            highestRiskLevel = pattern.riskLevel;
+                        }
+                        lockImpacts.add(pattern.lockImpact);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return {
+                risks,
+                summary: {
+                    totalStatements: parsed.statements.length,
+                    totalRisks: risks.length,
+                    highestRisk: highestRiskLevel,
+                    requiresDowntime,
+                    estimatedLockImpact: lockImpacts.size > 0 ? [...lockImpacts].join("; ") : "None",
+                },
+            };
+        }),
+    };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=analysis.js.map

package/dist/adapters/postgresql/tools/introspection/analysis.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/adapters/postgresql/tools/introspection/graph.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/**
+ * PostgreSQL Introspection Tools - Graph Analysis
+ *
+ * Dependency graph, topological sort, and cascade simulation tools.
+ * 3 tools total.
+ */
+import type { PostgresAdapter } from "../../PostgresAdapter.js";
+import type { ToolDefinition } from "../../../../types/index.js";
+export interface FkEdge {
+    constraintName: string;
+    fromSchema: string;
+    fromTable: string;
+    fromColumns: string[];
+    toSchema: string;
+    toTable: string;
+    toColumns: string[];
+    onDelete: string;
+    onUpdate: string;
+}
+interface TableNode {
+    schema: string;
+    table: string;
+    rowCount?: number;
+    sizeBytes?: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Fetch all foreign key relationships across user schemas
+ */
+export declare function fetchForeignKeys(adapter: PostgresAdapter, schemaFilter?: string, excludeExtensionSchemas?: boolean): Promise<FkEdge[]>;
+/**
+ * Fetch all user tables with row counts and sizes
+ */
+export declare function fetchTableNodes(adapter: PostgresAdapter, schemaFilter?: string, excludeExtensionSchemas?: boolean): Promise<TableNode[]>;
+/**
+ * Parse PostgreSQL array column (handles both native arrays and string format)
+ */
+export declare function parseArrayColumn(value: unknown): string[];
+/**
+ * Create qualified table name
+ */
+export declare function qualifiedName(schema: string, table: string): string;
+/**
+ * Detect circular dependencies using DFS
+ */
+export declare function detectCycles(adjacency: Map<string, string[]>): string[][];
+/**
+ * Topological sort using Kahn's algorithm
+ * Returns null if cycles exist
+ */
+export declare function topologicalSort(adjacency: Map<string, string[]>, allNodes: Set<string>): string[] | null;
+export declare function createDependencyGraphTool(adapter: PostgresAdapter): ToolDefinition;
+export declare function createTopologicalSortTool(adapter: PostgresAdapter): ToolDefinition;
+export declare function createCascadeSimulatorTool(adapter: PostgresAdapter): ToolDefinition;
+export {};
+//# sourceMappingURL=graph.d.ts.map