@neverinfamous/postgres-mcp 1.1.0 → 1.3.0

package/dist/adapters/postgresql/tools/backup/dump.js

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { buildProgressContext, sendProgress, } from "../../../../utils/progress-
 import { CopyExportSchema, CopyExportSchemaBase, DumpSchemaSchema, 
 // Output schemas
 DumpTableOutputSchema, DumpSchemaOutputSchema, CopyExportOutputSchema, CopyImportOutputSchema, } from "../../schemas/index.js";
+import { formatPostgresError } from "../core/error-helpers.js";
 export function createDumpTableTool(adapter) {
     return {
         name: "pg_dump_table",
@@ -33,35 +34,36 @@ export function createDumpTableTool(adapter) {
         annotations: readOnly("Dump Table"),
         icons: getToolIcons("backup", readOnly("Dump Table")),
         handler: async (params, _context) => {
-            const parsed = params;
-            // Validate required table parameter
-            if (!parsed.table || parsed.table.trim() === "") {
-                throw new Error("table parameter is required");
-            }
-            // Parse schema.table format (e.g., 'public.users' -> schema='public', table='users')
-            // If table contains a dot, always parse it as schema.table (embedded schema takes priority)
-            let tableName = parsed.table;
-            let schemaName = parsed.schema ?? "public";
-            if (parsed.table.includes(".")) {
-                const parts = parsed.table.split(".");
-                if (parts.length === 2 && parts[0] && parts[1]) {
-                    schemaName = parts[0];
-                    tableName = parts[1];
+            try {
+                const parsed = params;
+                // Validate required table parameter
+                if (!parsed.table || parsed.table.trim() === "") {
+                    throw new Error("table parameter is required");
                 }
-            }
-            // Check if it's a sequence by querying pg_class
-            const relkindResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`
+                // Parse schema.table format (e.g., 'public.users' -> schema='public', table='users')
+                // If table contains a dot, always parse it as schema.table (embedded schema takes priority)
+                let tableName = parsed.table;
+                let schemaName = parsed.schema ?? "public";
+                if (parsed.table.includes(".")) {
+                    const parts = parsed.table.split(".");
+                    if (parts.length === 2 && parts[0] && parts[1]) {
+                        schemaName = parts[0];
+                        tableName = parts[1];
+                    }
+                }
+                // Check if it's a sequence by querying pg_class
+                const relkindResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`
                 SELECT relkind FROM pg_class c
                 JOIN pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
                 WHERE n.nspname = '${schemaName}' AND c.relname = '${tableName}'
             `);
-            const relkind = relkindResult.rows?.[0]?.["relkind"];
-            // relkind 'S' = sequence
-            if (relkind === "S") {
-                // Use pg_sequence system catalog (works in all PostgreSQL versions 10+)
-                // Fallback to basic DDL if query fails
-                try {
-                    const seqInfo = await adapter.executeQuery(`
+                const relkind = relkindResult.rows?.[0]?.["relkind"];
+                // relkind 'S' = sequence
+                if (relkind === "S") {
+                    // Use pg_sequence system catalog (works in all PostgreSQL versions 10+)
+                    // Fallback to basic DDL if query fails
+                    try {
+                        const seqInfo = await adapter.executeQuery(`
                         SELECT s.seqstart as start_value, s.seqincrement as increment_by,
                                s.seqmin as min_value, s.seqmax as max_value, s.seqcycle as cycle
                         FROM pg_sequence s
@@ -69,91 +71,91 @@ export function createDumpTableTool(adapter) {
                         JOIN pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
                         WHERE n.nspname = '${schemaName}' AND c.relname = '${tableName}'
                     `);
-                    const seq = seqInfo.rows?.[0];
-                    if (seq !== undefined) {
-                        const startVal = typeof seq["start_value"] === "number" ||
-                            typeof seq["start_value"] === "bigint"
-                            ? String(seq["start_value"])
-                            : null;
-                        const incrVal = typeof seq["increment_by"] === "number" ||
-                            typeof seq["increment_by"] === "bigint"
-                            ? Number(seq["increment_by"])
-                            : null;
-                        const minVal = typeof seq["min_value"] === "number" ||
-                            typeof seq["min_value"] === "bigint"
-                            ? String(seq["min_value"])
-                            : null;
-                        const maxVal = typeof seq["max_value"] === "number" ||
-                            typeof seq["max_value"] === "bigint"
-                            ? String(seq["max_value"])
-                            : null;
-                        const startValue = startVal !== null ? ` START ${startVal}` : "";
-                        const increment = incrVal !== null && incrVal !== 1
-                            ? ` INCREMENT ${String(incrVal)}`
-                            : "";
-                        const minValue = minVal !== null ? ` MINVALUE ${minVal}` : "";
-                        const maxValue = maxVal !== null ? ` MAXVALUE ${maxVal}` : "";
-                        const cycle = seq["cycle"] === true ? " CYCLE" : "";
-                        const ddl = `CREATE SEQUENCE "${schemaName}"."${tableName}"${startValue}${increment}${minValue}${maxValue}${cycle};`;
-                        return {
-                            ddl,
-                            type: "sequence",
-                            note: "Use pg_list_sequences to see all sequences.",
-                            ...(parsed.includeData === true && {
-                                warning: "includeData is ignored for sequences - sequences have no row data to export",
-                            }),
-                        };
+                        const seq = seqInfo.rows?.[0];
+                        if (seq !== undefined) {
+                            const startVal = typeof seq["start_value"] === "number" ||
+                                typeof seq["start_value"] === "bigint"
+                                ? String(seq["start_value"])
+                                : null;
+                            const incrVal = typeof seq["increment_by"] === "number" ||
+                                typeof seq["increment_by"] === "bigint"
+                                ? Number(seq["increment_by"])
+                                : null;
+                            const minVal = typeof seq["min_value"] === "number" ||
+                                typeof seq["min_value"] === "bigint"
+                                ? String(seq["min_value"])
+                                : null;
+                            const maxVal = typeof seq["max_value"] === "number" ||
+                                typeof seq["max_value"] === "bigint"
+                                ? String(seq["max_value"])
+                                : null;
+                            const startValue = startVal !== null ? ` START ${startVal}` : "";
+                            const increment = incrVal !== null && incrVal !== 1
+                                ? ` INCREMENT ${String(incrVal)}`
+                                : "";
+                            const minValue = minVal !== null ? ` MINVALUE ${minVal}` : "";
+                            const maxValue = maxVal !== null ? ` MAXVALUE ${maxVal}` : "";
+                            const cycle = seq["cycle"] === true ? " CYCLE" : "";
+                            const ddl = `CREATE SEQUENCE "${schemaName}"."${tableName}"${startValue}${increment}${minValue}${maxValue}${cycle};`;
+                            return {
+                                ddl,
+                                type: "sequence",
+                                note: "Use pg_list_sequences to see all sequences.",
+                                ...(parsed.includeData === true && {
+                                    warning: "includeData is ignored for sequences - sequences have no row data to export",
+                                }),
+                            };
+                        }
                     }
+                    catch {
+                        // Query failed, use basic DDL
+                    }
+                    // Fallback if pg_sequence query fails
+                    return {
+                        ddl: `CREATE SEQUENCE "${schemaName}"."${tableName}";`,
+                        type: "sequence",
+                        note: "Basic CREATE SEQUENCE. Use pg_list_sequences for details.",
+                        ...(parsed.includeData === true && {
+                            warning: "includeData is ignored for sequences - sequences have no row data to export",
+                        }),
+                    };
                 }
-                catch {
-                    // Query failed, use basic DDL
-                }
-                // Fallback if pg_sequence query fails
-                return {
-                    ddl: `CREATE SEQUENCE "${schemaName}"."${tableName}";`,
-                    type: "sequence",
-                    note: "Basic CREATE SEQUENCE. Use pg_list_sequences for details.",
-                    ...(parsed.includeData === true && {
-                        warning: "includeData is ignored for sequences - sequences have no row data to export",
-                    }),
-                };
-            }
-            // relkind 'v' = view, 'm' = materialized view
-            if (relkind === "v" || relkind === "m") {
-                try {
-                    const viewDefResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`
+                // relkind 'v' = view, 'm' = materialized view
+                if (relkind === "v" || relkind === "m") {
+                    try {
+                        const viewDefResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`
                         SELECT definition FROM pg_views
                         WHERE schemaname = '${schemaName}' AND viewname = '${tableName}'
                     `);
-                    const definition = viewDefResult.rows?.[0]?.["definition"];
-                    if (typeof definition === "string") {
-                        const createType = relkind === "m" ? "MATERIALIZED VIEW" : "VIEW";
-                        const ddl = `CREATE ${createType} "${schemaName}"."${tableName}" AS\n${definition.trim()}`;
-                        return {
-                            ddl,
-                            type: relkind === "m" ? "materialized_view" : "view",
-                            note: `Use pg_list_views to see all views.`,
-                        };
+                        const definition = viewDefResult.rows?.[0]?.["definition"];
+                        if (typeof definition === "string") {
+                            const createType = relkind === "m" ? "MATERIALIZED VIEW" : "VIEW";
+                            const ddl = `CREATE ${createType} "${schemaName}"."${tableName}" AS\n${definition.trim()}`;
+                            return {
+                                ddl,
+                                type: relkind === "m" ? "materialized_view" : "view",
+                                note: `Use pg_list_views to see all views.`,
+                            };
+                        }
                     }
+                    catch {
+                        // Query failed, use basic DDL
+                    }
+                    // Fallback for views
+                    const createType = relkind === "m" ? "MATERIALIZED VIEW" : "VIEW";
+                    return {
+                        ddl: `-- Unable to retrieve ${createType.toLowerCase()} definition\nCREATE ${createType} "${schemaName}"."${tableName}" AS SELECT ...;`,
+                        type: relkind === "m" ? "materialized_view" : "view",
+                        note: "View definition could not be retrieved. Use pg_list_views for details.",
+                    };
                 }
-                catch {
-                    // Query failed, use basic DDL
-                }
-                // Fallback for views
-                const createType = relkind === "m" ? "MATERIALIZED VIEW" : "VIEW";
-                return {
-                    ddl: `-- Unable to retrieve ${createType.toLowerCase()} definition\nCREATE ${createType} "${schemaName}"."${tableName}" AS SELECT ...;`,
-                    type: relkind === "m" ? "materialized_view" : "view",
-                    note: "View definition could not be retrieved. Use pg_list_views for details.",
-                };
-            }
-            // Check if it's a partitioned table (relkind 'p') and get partition info
-            let partitionClause = "";
-            const isPartitionedTable = relkind === "p";
-            if (isPartitionedTable) {
-                try {
-                    // Query pg_partitioned_table to get partition strategy and key columns
-                    const partInfo = await adapter.executeQuery(`
+                // Check if it's a partitioned table (relkind 'p') and get partition info
+                let partitionClause = "";
+                const isPartitionedTable = relkind === "p";
+                if (isPartitionedTable) {
+                    try {
+                        // Query pg_partitioned_table to get partition strategy and key columns
+                        const partInfo = await adapter.executeQuery(`
             SELECT pt.partstrat,
                    array_agg(a.attname ORDER BY partattrs.ord) as partition_columns
             FROM pg_partitioned_table pt
@@ -164,128 +166,137 @@ export function createDumpTableTool(adapter) {
             WHERE n.nspname = '${schemaName}' AND c.relname = '${tableName}'
             GROUP BY pt.partstrat
           `);
-                    const partRow = partInfo.rows?.[0];
-                    if (partRow) {
-                        const strategy = partRow["partstrat"];
-                        const columns = partRow["partition_columns"];
-                        // Map strategy code to keyword
-                        const strategyMap = {
-                            r: "RANGE",
-                            l: "LIST",
-                            h: "HASH",
-                        };
-                        const strategyKeyword = typeof strategy === "string"
-                            ? (strategyMap[strategy] ?? "RANGE")
-                            : "RANGE";
-                        // Build column list - PostgreSQL returns array_agg as string like "{col1,col2}"
-                        let columnList = "";
-                        if (Array.isArray(columns)) {
-                            columnList = columns.map((c) => `"${String(c)}"`).join(", ");
-                        }
-                        else if (typeof columns === "string") {
-                            // Parse PostgreSQL array literal format: "{col1,col2}" -> ["col1", "col2"]
-                            const parsed = columns
-                                .replace(/^\{/, "")
-                                .replace(/\}$/, "")
-                                .split(",")
-                                .filter((c) => c.length > 0);
-                            columnList = parsed.map((c) => `"${c.trim()}"`).join(", ");
-                        }
-                        if (columnList) {
-                            partitionClause = ` PARTITION BY ${strategyKeyword} (${columnList})`;
+                        const partRow = partInfo.rows?.[0];
+                        if (partRow) {
+                            const strategy = partRow["partstrat"];
+                            const columns = partRow["partition_columns"];
+                            // Map strategy code to keyword
+                            const strategyMap = {
+                                r: "RANGE",
+                                l: "LIST",
+                                h: "HASH",
+                            };
+                            const strategyKeyword = typeof strategy === "string"
+                                ? (strategyMap[strategy] ?? "RANGE")
+                                : "RANGE";
+                            // Build column list - PostgreSQL returns array_agg as string like "{col1,col2}"
+                            let columnList = "";
+                            if (Array.isArray(columns)) {
+                                columnList = columns.map((c) => `"${String(c)}"`).join(", ");
+                            }
+                            else if (typeof columns === "string") {
+                                // Parse PostgreSQL array literal format: "{col1,col2}" -> ["col1", "col2"]
+                                const parsed = columns
+                                    .replace(/^\{/, "")
+                                    .replace(/\}$/, "")
+                                    .split(",")
+                                    .filter((c) => c.length > 0);
+                                columnList = parsed.map((c) => `"${c.trim()}"`).join(", ");
+                            }
+                            if (columnList) {
+                                partitionClause = ` PARTITION BY ${strategyKeyword} (${columnList})`;
+                            }
                         }
                     }
-                }
-                catch {
-                    // Partition info query failed, continue without partition clause
-                }
-            }
-            const tableInfo = await adapter.describeTable(tableName, schemaName);
-            const columns = tableInfo.columns
-                ?.map((col) => {
-                let def = `    "${col.name}" ${col.type}`;
-                if (col.defaultValue !== undefined && col.defaultValue !== null) {
-                    let defaultStr;
-                    if (typeof col.defaultValue === "object") {
-                        defaultStr = JSON.stringify(col.defaultValue);
+                    catch {
+                        // Partition info query failed, continue without partition clause
                     }
-                    else if (typeof col.defaultValue === "string" ||
-                        typeof col.defaultValue === "number" ||
-                        typeof col.defaultValue === "boolean") {
-                        defaultStr = String(col.defaultValue);
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        defaultStr = JSON.stringify(col.defaultValue);
-                    }
-                    def += ` DEFAULT ${defaultStr}`;
                 }
-                if (!col.nullable)
-                    def += " NOT NULL";
-                return def;
-            })
-                .join(",\n") ?? "";
-            const createTable = `CREATE TABLE "${schemaName}"."${tableName}" (\n${columns}\n)${partitionClause};`;
-            const result = {
-                ddl: createTable,
-                type: isPartitionedTable ? "partitioned_table" : "table",
-                note: isPartitionedTable
-                    ? "For partition children use pg_list_partitions, for indexes use pg_get_indexes, for constraints use pg_get_constraints."
-                    : "Basic CREATE TABLE only. For indexes use pg_get_indexes, for constraints use pg_get_constraints.",
-            };
-            if (parsed.includeData) {
-                // Default limit is 500 to prevent large payloads, 0 means no limit
-                const effectiveLimit = parsed.limit === 0 ? null : (parsed.limit ?? 500);
-                const limitClause = effectiveLimit !== null ? ` LIMIT ${String(effectiveLimit)}` : "";
-                const dataResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT * FROM "${schemaName}"."${tableName}"${limitClause}`);
-                if (dataResult.rows !== undefined && dataResult.rows.length > 0) {
-                    const firstRow = dataResult.rows[0];
-                    if (firstRow === undefined)
-                        return result;
-                    const cols = Object.keys(firstRow)
-                        .map((c) => `"${c}"`)
-                        .join(", ");
-                    const inserts = dataResult.rows
-                        .map((row) => {
-                        const vals = Object.entries(row)
-                            .map(([, value]) => {
-                            if (value === null)
-                                return "NULL";
-                            // Handle Date objects - format as PostgreSQL timestamp
-                            if (value instanceof Date) {
-                                const iso = value.toISOString();
-                                // Convert ISO 8601 to PostgreSQL format: 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.mmm'
-                                const pgTimestamp = iso.replace("T", " ").replace("Z", "");
-                                return `'${pgTimestamp}'`;
-                            }
-                            if (typeof value === "string") {
-                                // Escape backslashes first, then single quotes (PostgreSQL string literal escaping)
-                                const escaped = value
-                                    .replace(/\\/g, "\\\\")
-                                    .replace(/'/g, "''");
-                                // Check if string looks like an ISO timestamp
-                                if (/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}T\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/.test(value)) {
-                                    // Convert ISO format to PostgreSQL format
-                                    const pgTimestamp = value
+                const tableInfo = await adapter.describeTable(tableName, schemaName);
+                const columns = tableInfo.columns
+                    ?.map((col) => {
+                    let def = `    "${col.name}" ${col.type}`;
+                    if (col.defaultValue !== undefined && col.defaultValue !== null) {
+                        let defaultStr;
+                        if (typeof col.defaultValue === "object") {
+                            defaultStr = JSON.stringify(col.defaultValue);
+                        }
+                        else if (typeof col.defaultValue === "string" ||
+                            typeof col.defaultValue === "number" ||
+                            typeof col.defaultValue === "boolean") {
+                            defaultStr = String(col.defaultValue);
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            defaultStr = JSON.stringify(col.defaultValue);
+                        }
+                        def += ` DEFAULT ${defaultStr}`;
+                    }
+                    if (!col.nullable)
+                        def += " NOT NULL";
+                    return def;
+                })
+                    .join(",\n") ?? "";
+                const createTable = `CREATE TABLE "${schemaName}"."${tableName}" (\n${columns}\n)${partitionClause};`;
+                const result = {
+                    ddl: createTable,
+                    type: isPartitionedTable ? "partitioned_table" : "table",
+                    note: isPartitionedTable
+                        ? "For partition children use pg_list_partitions, for indexes use pg_get_indexes, for constraints use pg_get_constraints."
+                        : "Basic CREATE TABLE only. For indexes use pg_get_indexes, for constraints use pg_get_constraints.",
+                };
+                if (parsed.includeData) {
+                    // Default limit is 500 to prevent large payloads, 0 means no limit
+                    const effectiveLimit = parsed.limit === 0 ? null : (parsed.limit ?? 500);
+                    const limitClause = effectiveLimit !== null ? ` LIMIT ${String(effectiveLimit)}` : "";
+                    const dataResult = await adapter.executeQuery(`SELECT * FROM "${schemaName}"."${tableName}"${limitClause}`);
+                    if (dataResult.rows !== undefined && dataResult.rows.length > 0) {
+                        const firstRow = dataResult.rows[0];
+                        if (firstRow === undefined)
+                            return result;
+                        const cols = Object.keys(firstRow)
+                            .map((c) => `"${c}"`)
+                            .join(", ");
+                        const inserts = dataResult.rows
+                            .map((row) => {
+                            const vals = Object.entries(row)
+                                .map(([, value]) => {
+                                if (value === null)
+                                    return "NULL";
+                                // Handle Date objects - format as PostgreSQL timestamp
+                                if (value instanceof Date) {
+                                    const iso = value.toISOString();
+                                    // Convert ISO 8601 to PostgreSQL format: 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.mmm'
+                                    const pgTimestamp = iso
                                         .replace("T", " ")
-                                        .replace("Z", "")
-                                        .replace(/\.\d+$/, "");
-                                    return `'${pgTimestamp.replace(/\\/g, "\\\\").replace(/'/g, "''")}'`;
+                                        .replace("Z", "");
+                                    return `'${pgTimestamp}'`;
                                 }
-                                return `'${escaped}'`;
-                            }
-                            if (typeof value === "number" || typeof value === "boolean")
-                                return String(value);
-                            // For objects (JSONB, arrays), use PostgreSQL JSONB literal
-                            return `'${JSON.stringify(value).replace(/\\/g, "\\\\").replace(/'/g, "''")}'::jsonb`;
+                                if (typeof value === "string") {
+                                    // Escape backslashes first, then single quotes (PostgreSQL string literal escaping)
+                                    const escaped = value
+                                        .replace(/\\/g, "\\\\")
+                                        .replace(/'/g, "''");
+                                    // Check if string looks like an ISO timestamp
+                                    if (/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}T\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/.test(value)) {
+                                        // Convert ISO format to PostgreSQL format
+                                        const pgTimestamp = value
+                                            .replace("T", " ")
+                                            .replace("Z", "")
+                                            .replace(/\.\d+$/, "");
+                                        return `'${pgTimestamp.replace(/\\/g, "\\\\").replace(/'/g, "''")}'`;
+                                    }
+                                    return `'${escaped}'`;
+                                }
+                                if (typeof value === "number" || typeof value === "boolean")
+                                    return String(value);
+                                // For objects (JSONB, arrays), use PostgreSQL JSONB literal
+                                return `'${JSON.stringify(value).replace(/\\/g, "\\\\").replace(/'/g, "''")}'::jsonb`;
+                            })
+                                .join(", ");
+                            return `INSERT INTO "${schemaName}"."${tableName}" (${cols}) VALUES (${vals});`;
                         })
-                            .join(", ");
-                        return `INSERT INTO "${schemaName}"."${tableName}" (${cols}) VALUES (${vals});`;
-                    })
-                        .join("\n");
-                    result.insertStatements = inserts;
+                            .join("\n");
+                        result.insertStatements = inserts;
+                    }
                 }
+                return result;
+            }
+            catch (error) {
+                return {
+                    success: false,
+                    error: formatPostgresError(error, { tool: "pg_dump_table" }),
+                };
             }
-            return result;
         },
     };
 }
@@ -298,8 +309,7 @@ export function createDumpSchemaTool(_adapter) {
         outputSchema: DumpSchemaOutputSchema,
         annotations: readOnly("Dump Schema"),
         icons: getToolIcons("backup", readOnly("Dump Schema")),
-        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/require-await
-        handler: async (params, _context) => {
+        handler: (params, _context) => {
             const { table, schema, filename } = DumpSchemaSchema.parse(params);
             let command = "pg_dump";
             command += " --format=custom";
@@ -317,7 +327,7 @@ export function createDumpSchemaTool(_adapter) {
                 : undefined;
             command += ` --file=${outputFilename}`;
             command += " $POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING";
-            return {
+            return Promise.resolve({
                 command,
                 ...(schema !== undefined &&
                     table !== undefined && {
@@ -330,7 +340,7 @@ export function createDumpSchemaTool(_adapter) {
                     "Add --data-only to exclude schema",
                     "Add --schema-only to exclude data",
                 ],
-            };
+            });
         },
     };
 }
@@ -344,144 +354,156 @@ export function createCopyExportTool(adapter) {
         annotations: readOnly("Copy Export"),
         icons: getToolIcons("backup", readOnly("Copy Export")),
         handler: async (params, context) => {
-            const progress = buildProgressContext(context);
-            await sendProgress(progress, 1, 3, "Preparing COPY export...");
-            const { query, format, header, delimiter, conflictWarning, effectiveLimit, } = CopyExportSchema.parse(params); // Use transform for validation
-            const options = [];
-            options.push(`FORMAT ${format ?? "csv"}`);
-            if (header !== false)
-                options.push("HEADER");
-            if (delimiter)
-                options.push(`DELIMITER '${delimiter}'`);
-            const copyCommand = `COPY (${query}) TO STDOUT WITH (${options.join(", ")})`;
-            void copyCommand;
-            await sendProgress(progress, 2, 3, "Executing query...");
-            const result = await adapter.executeQuery(query);
-            // Handle CSV format (default)
-            if (format === "csv" || format === undefined) {
-                if (result.rows === undefined || result.rows.length === 0) {
-                    return {
-                        data: "",
-                        rowCount: 0,
-                        note: "Query returned no rows. Headers omitted for empty results.",
-                        ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
-                            ? { warning: conflictWarning }
-                            : {}),
-                    };
-                }
-                const firstRowData = result.rows[0];
-                if (firstRowData === undefined) {
+            try {
+                const progress = buildProgressContext(context);
+                await sendProgress(progress, 1, 3, "Preparing COPY export...");
+                const { query, format, header, delimiter, conflictWarning, effectiveLimit, } = CopyExportSchema.parse(params); // Use transform for validation
+                const options = [];
+                options.push(`FORMAT ${format ?? "csv"}`);
+                if (header !== false)
+                    options.push("HEADER");
+                if (delimiter)
+                    options.push(`DELIMITER '${delimiter}'`);
+                const copyCommand = `COPY (${query}) TO STDOUT WITH (${options.join(", ")})`;
+                void copyCommand;
+                await sendProgress(progress, 2, 3, "Executing query...");
+                const result = await adapter.executeQuery(query);
+                // Handle CSV format (default)
+                if (format === "csv" || format === undefined) {
+                    if (result.rows === undefined || result.rows.length === 0) {
+                        return {
+                            data: "",
+                            rowCount: 0,
+                            note: "Query returned no rows. Headers omitted for empty results.",
+                            ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
+                                ? { warning: conflictWarning }
+                                : {}),
+                        };
+                    }
+                    const firstRowData = result.rows[0];
+                    if (firstRowData === undefined) {
+                        return {
+                            data: "",
+                            rowCount: 0,
+                            note: "Query returned no rows. Headers omitted for empty results.",
+                            ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
+                                ? { warning: conflictWarning }
+                                : {}),
+                        };
+                    }
+                    const headers = Object.keys(firstRowData);
+                    const delim = delimiter ?? ",";
+                    const lines = [];
+                    if (header !== false) {
+                        lines.push(headers.join(delim));
+                    }
+                    for (const row of result.rows) {
+                        lines.push(headers
+                            .map((h) => {
+                            const v = row[h];
+                            if (v === null)
+                                return "";
+                            if (typeof v === "object")
+                                return JSON.stringify(v);
+                            if (typeof v !== "string" &&
+                                typeof v !== "number" &&
+                                typeof v !== "boolean") {
+                                return JSON.stringify(v);
+                            }
+                            const s = String(v);
+                            return s.includes(delim) ||
+                                s.includes('"') ||
+                                s.includes("\n")
+                                ? `"${s.replace(/"/g, '""')}"`
+                                : s;
+                        })
+                            .join(delim));
+                    }
+                    // Mark as truncated if any limit was applied AND rows returned equals that limit
+                    // This indicates there are likely more rows available
+                    const isTruncated = effectiveLimit !== undefined &&
+                        result.rows.length === effectiveLimit;
+                    await sendProgress(progress, 3, 3, "Export complete");
                     return {
-                        data: "",
-                        rowCount: 0,
-                        note: "Query returned no rows. Headers omitted for empty results.",
+                        data: lines.join("\n"),
+                        rowCount: result.rows.length,
+                        ...(isTruncated ? { truncated: true, limit: effectiveLimit } : {}),
                         ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
                             ? { warning: conflictWarning }
                             : {}),
                     };
                 }
-                const headers = Object.keys(firstRowData);
-                const delim = delimiter ?? ",";
-                const lines = [];
-                if (header !== false) {
-                    lines.push(headers.join(delim));
-                }
-                for (const row of result.rows) {
-                    lines.push(headers
-                        .map((h) => {
-                        const v = row[h];
-                        if (v === null)
-                            return "";
-                        if (typeof v === "object")
-                            return JSON.stringify(v);
-                        if (typeof v !== "string" &&
-                            typeof v !== "number" &&
-                            typeof v !== "boolean") {
+                // Handle TEXT format - tab-delimited with \N for NULLs
+                if (format === "text") {
+                    if (result.rows === undefined || result.rows.length === 0) {
+                        return {
+                            data: "",
+                            rowCount: 0,
+                            note: "Query returned no rows. Headers omitted for empty results.",
+                            ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
+                                ? { warning: conflictWarning }
+                                : {}),
+                        };
+                    }
+                    const firstRowData = result.rows[0];
+                    if (firstRowData === undefined) {
+                        return {
+                            data: "",
+                            rowCount: 0,
+                            note: "Query returned no rows. Headers omitted for empty results.",
+                            ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
+                                ? { warning: conflictWarning }
+                                : {}),
+                        };
+                    }
+                    const headers = Object.keys(firstRowData);
+                    const delim = delimiter ?? "\t";
+                    const lines = [];
+                    if (header !== false) {
+                        lines.push(headers.join(delim));
+                    }
+                    for (const row of result.rows) {
+                        lines.push(headers
+                            .map((h) => {
+                            const v = row[h];
+                            if (v === null)
+                                return "\\N"; // PostgreSQL NULL representation in text format
+                            if (typeof v === "object")
+                                return JSON.stringify(v);
+                            if (typeof v === "string" ||
+                                typeof v === "number" ||
+                                typeof v === "boolean") {
+                                return String(v);
+                            }
+                            // Fallback for any other type
                             return JSON.stringify(v);
-                        }
-                        const s = String(v);
-                        return s.includes(delim) || s.includes('"') || s.includes("\n")
-                            ? `"${s.replace(/"/g, '""')}"`
-                            : s;
-                    })
-                        .join(delim));
-                }
-                // Mark as truncated if any limit was applied AND rows returned equals that limit
-                // This indicates there are likely more rows available
-                const isTruncated = effectiveLimit !== undefined && result.rows.length === effectiveLimit;
-                await sendProgress(progress, 3, 3, "Export complete");
-                return {
-                    data: lines.join("\n"),
-                    rowCount: result.rows.length,
-                    ...(isTruncated ? { truncated: true, limit: effectiveLimit } : {}),
-                    ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
-                        ? { warning: conflictWarning }
-                        : {}),
-                };
-            }
-            // Handle TEXT format - tab-delimited with \N for NULLs
-            if (format === "text") {
-                if (result.rows === undefined || result.rows.length === 0) {
-                    return {
-                        data: "",
-                        rowCount: 0,
-                        note: "Query returned no rows. Headers omitted for empty results.",
-                        ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
-                            ? { warning: conflictWarning }
-                            : {}),
-                    };
-                }
-                const firstRowData = result.rows[0];
-                if (firstRowData === undefined) {
+                        })
+                            .join(delim));
+                    }
+                    // Mark as truncated if any limit was applied AND rows returned equals that limit
+                    // This indicates there are likely more rows available
+                    const isTruncated = effectiveLimit !== undefined &&
+                        result.rows.length === effectiveLimit;
+                    await sendProgress(progress, 3, 3, "Export complete");
                     return {
-                        data: "",
-                        rowCount: 0,
-                        note: "Query returned no rows. Headers omitted for empty results.",
+                        data: lines.join("\n"),
+                        rowCount: result.rows.length,
+                        ...(isTruncated ? { truncated: true, limit: effectiveLimit } : {}),
                         ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
                             ? { warning: conflictWarning }
                             : {}),
                     };
                 }
-                const headers = Object.keys(firstRowData);
-                const delim = delimiter ?? "\t";
-                const lines = [];
-                if (header !== false) {
-                    lines.push(headers.join(delim));
-                }
-                for (const row of result.rows) {
-                    lines.push(headers
-                        .map((h) => {
-                        const v = row[h];
-                        if (v === null)
-                            return "\\N"; // PostgreSQL NULL representation in text format
-                        if (typeof v === "object")
-                            return JSON.stringify(v);
-                        if (typeof v === "string" ||
-                            typeof v === "number" ||
-                            typeof v === "boolean") {
-                            return String(v);
-                        }
-                        // Fallback for any other type
-                        return JSON.stringify(v);
-                    })
-                        .join(delim));
-                }
-                // Mark as truncated if any limit was applied AND rows returned equals that limit
-                // This indicates there are likely more rows available
-                const isTruncated = effectiveLimit !== undefined && result.rows.length === effectiveLimit;
-                await sendProgress(progress, 3, 3, "Export complete");
+                // Handle BINARY format - not supported via MCP protocol
+                // Binary data cannot be safely serialized to JSON without corruption
+                throw new Error('Binary format is not supported via MCP protocol. Use format: "csv" or "text" instead. For binary export, use pg_dump_schema to generate a pg_dump command.');
+            }
+            catch (error) {
                 return {
-                    data: lines.join("\n"),
-                    rowCount: result.rows.length,
-                    ...(isTruncated ? { truncated: true, limit: effectiveLimit } : {}),
-                    ...(conflictWarning !== undefined
-                        ? { warning: conflictWarning }
-                        : {}),
+                    success: false,
+                    error: formatPostgresError(error, { tool: "pg_copy_export" }),
                 };
             }
-            // Handle BINARY format - not supported via MCP protocol
-            // Binary data cannot be safely serialized to JSON without corruption
-            throw new Error('Binary format is not supported via MCP protocol. Use format: "csv" or "text" instead. For binary export, use pg_dump_schema to generate a pg_dump command.');
         },
     };
 }
@@ -505,53 +527,54 @@ export function createCopyImportTool(_adapter) {
         outputSchema: CopyImportOutputSchema,
         annotations: write("Copy Import"),
         icons: getToolIcons("backup", write("Copy Import")),
-        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/require-await
-        handler: async (params, _context) => {
-            const rawParams = params;
-            // Resolve tableName alias to table
-            const tableValue = rawParams.table ?? rawParams.tableName;
-            if (!tableValue) {
-                throw new Error("table parameter is required");
-            }
-            const parsed = {
-                ...rawParams,
-                table: tableValue,
-            };
-            // Parse schema.table format (e.g., 'public.users' -> schema='public', table='users')
-            // If table contains a dot, always parse it as schema.table (embedded schema takes priority)
-            let tableNamePart = parsed.table;
-            let schemaNamePart = parsed.schema;
-            if (parsed.table.includes(".")) {
-                const parts = parsed.table.split(".");
-                if (parts.length === 2 && parts[0] && parts[1]) {
-                    schemaNamePart = parts[0];
-                    tableNamePart = parts[1];
+        handler: (params, _context) => {
+            return Promise.resolve().then(() => {
+                const rawParams = params;
+                // Resolve tableName alias to table
+                const tableValue = rawParams.table ?? rawParams.tableName;
+                if (!tableValue) {
+                    throw new Error("table parameter is required");
                 }
-            }
-            const tableName = schemaNamePart
-                ? `"${schemaNamePart}"."${tableNamePart}"`
-                : `"${tableNamePart}"`;
-            const columnClause = parsed.columns !== undefined && parsed.columns.length > 0
-                ? ` (${parsed.columns.map((c) => `"${c}"`).join(", ")})`
-                : "";
-            const options = [];
-            options.push(`FORMAT ${parsed.format ?? "csv"}`);
-            if (parsed.header)
-                options.push("HEADER");
-            if (parsed.delimiter)
-                options.push(`DELIMITER '${parsed.delimiter}'`);
-            // Use provided filePath or generate placeholder with appropriate extension
-            const ext = parsed.format === "text"
-                ? "txt"
-                : parsed.format === "binary"
-                    ? "bin"
-                    : "csv";
-            const filePath = parsed.filePath ?? `/path/to/file.${ext}`;
-            return {
-                command: `COPY ${tableName}${columnClause} FROM '${filePath}' WITH (${options.join(", ")})`,
-                stdinCommand: `COPY ${tableName}${columnClause} FROM STDIN WITH (${options.join(", ")})`,
-                notes: "Use \\copy in psql for client-side files",
-            };
+                const parsed = {
+                    ...rawParams,
+                    table: tableValue,
+                };
+                // Parse schema.table format (e.g., 'public.users' -> schema='public', table='users')
+                // If table contains a dot, always parse it as schema.table (embedded schema takes priority)
+                let tableNamePart = parsed.table;
+                let schemaNamePart = parsed.schema;
+                if (parsed.table.includes(".")) {
+                    const parts = parsed.table.split(".");
+                    if (parts.length === 2 && parts[0] && parts[1]) {
+                        schemaNamePart = parts[0];
+                        tableNamePart = parts[1];
+                    }
+                }
+                const tableName = schemaNamePart
+                    ? `"${schemaNamePart}"."${tableNamePart}"`
+                    : `"${tableNamePart}"`;
+                const columnClause = parsed.columns !== undefined && parsed.columns.length > 0
+                    ? ` (${parsed.columns.map((c) => `"${c}"`).join(", ")})`
+                    : "";
+                const options = [];
+                options.push(`FORMAT ${parsed.format ?? "csv"}`);
+                if (parsed.header)
+                    options.push("HEADER");
+                if (parsed.delimiter)
+                    options.push(`DELIMITER '${parsed.delimiter}'`);
+                // Use provided filePath or generate placeholder with appropriate extension
+                const ext = parsed.format === "text"
+                    ? "txt"
+                    : parsed.format === "binary"
+                        ? "bin"
+                        : "csv";
+                const filePath = parsed.filePath ?? `/path/to/file.${ext}`;
+                return {
+                    command: `COPY ${tableName}${columnClause} FROM '${filePath}' WITH (${options.join(", ")})`,
+                    stdinCommand: `COPY ${tableName}${columnClause} FROM STDIN WITH (${options.join(", ")})`,
+                    notes: "Use \\copy in psql for client-side files",
+                };
+            });
         },
     };
 }