@neuraiproject/neurai-assets 1.0.0 → 1.0.2

package/README.md

@@ -96,23 +96,23 @@ const result = await assets.reissueAsset({
 ### Create UNIQUE Assets (NFTs)
 
 ```javascript
+// Without IPFS metadata
 const result = await assets.createUniqueAssets({
-  rootAssetName: 'MYTOKEN',
-  assetTags: [
-    {
-      tag: 'NFT001',
-      hasIpfs: true,
-      ipfsHash: 'QmNFT1...'
-    },
-    {
-      tag: 'NFT002',
-      hasIpfs: true,
-      ipfsHash: 'QmNFT2...'
-    }
-  ]
+  rootName: 'MYTOKEN',
+  assetTags: ['NFT001', 'NFT002', 'NFT003']
+});
+
+// With IPFS metadata (ipfsHashes must be same length as assetTags)
+const result = await assets.createUniqueAssets({
+  rootName: 'MYTOKEN',
+  assetTags: ['NFT001', 'NFT002'],
+  ipfsHashes: ['QmNFT1...', 'QmNFT2...']
 });
 ```
 
+> **Note**: UNIQUE asset properties (`units`, `reissuable`) are always `0` and are
+> set automatically by the node — they cannot be configured per asset.
+
 ### Create QUALIFIER (KYC Tags)
 
 ```javascript
@@ -363,6 +363,11 @@ When you create an asset, an **owner token** is automatically generated (e.g., `
 
 The library automatically validates that the owner token is returned in each operation to prevent accidental loss.
 
+> **UNIQUE assets exception**: When issuing UNIQUE assets (`ROOT#TAG`), the Neurai node
+> returns the owner token automatically as part of processing the `issue_unique` operation.
+> The library does not add a manual return output for this case — doing so would duplicate
+> the owner token in the outputs and cause the transaction to fail with "Assets would be burnt".
+
 ## Operation Costs
 
 | Operation | Cost (XNA burned) |

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@neuraiproject/neurai-assets",
-  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "version": "1.0.2",
   "description": "Non-custodial Neurai asset management library for JavaScript",
   "main": "./src/index.js",
   "scripts": {

package/src/NeuraiAssets.js

@@ -167,7 +167,8 @@ class NeuraiAssets {
    * @returns {Promise<object>} Transaction data
    */
   async createQualifier(params) {
-    const builder = new IssueQualifierBuilder(this.rpc, this._buildParams(params));
+    const normalized = { ...params, assetName: params.assetName || params.qualifierName };
+    const builder = new IssueQualifierBuilder(this.rpc, this._buildParams(normalized));
     return await builder.build();
   }
 

package/src/builders/BaseAssetTransactionBuilder.js

@@ -24,27 +24,45 @@ class BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
    * @param {string[]|Function} addresses - Wallet addresses or function that returns addresses
    * @param {object} params - Transaction parameters
    */
-  constructor(rpc, network, addresses, params) {
+  constructor(rpc, networkOrParams, addresses, params) {
     if (!rpc || typeof rpc !== 'function') {
       throw new Error('RPC function is required');
     }
 
+    // Support both (rpc, network, addresses, params) and (rpc, params) calling forms.
+    // NeuraiAssets passes a single merged params object as the second argument.
+    let network, actualAddresses, actualParams;
+    if (
+      typeof networkOrParams === 'object' &&
+      networkOrParams !== null &&
+      !Array.isArray(networkOrParams) &&
+      addresses === undefined
+    ) {
+      network = networkOrParams.network;
+      actualAddresses = networkOrParams.addresses;
+      actualParams = networkOrParams;
+    } else {
+      network = networkOrParams;
+      actualAddresses = addresses;
+      actualParams = params;
+    }
+
     if (!network) {
       throw new Error('Network is required');
     }
 
     // Addresses can be an array or a function that returns addresses
-    if (typeof addresses === 'function') {
-      this.getAddresses = addresses;
-    } else if (Array.isArray(addresses)) {
-      this.getAddresses = () => addresses;
+    if (typeof actualAddresses === 'function') {
+      this.getAddresses = actualAddresses;
+    } else if (Array.isArray(actualAddresses)) {
+      this.getAddresses = () => actualAddresses;
     } else {
       throw new Error('Addresses must be an array or a function');
     }
 
     this.rpc = rpc;
     this.network = network;
-    this.params = params || {};
+    this.params = actualParams || {};
 
     // Initialize managers
     this.burnManager = new BurnManager(network);

package/src/builders/FreezeAddressBuilder.js

@@ -47,14 +47,7 @@ class FreezeAddressBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
           );
         }
 
-        // Basic address validation
-        const validPrefixes = this.network === 'xna' ? ['N'] : ['m', 'n'];
-        if (!validPrefixes.some(prefix => address.startsWith(prefix))) {
-          throw new InvalidAddressError(
-            `addresses[${index}] has invalid prefix for network ${this.network}`,
-            address
-          );
-        }
+        // Address prefix validation is left to the node (varies by network)
       });
     }
 
@@ -155,20 +148,13 @@ class FreezeAddressBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
     });
 
     // 12. Build outputs (ORDER CRITICAL!)
-    const outputs = {};
+    const outputs = [];
 
     // First: XNA change (if any)
     if (xnaChange > 0.00000001) {
-      outputs[changeAddress] = parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8));
+      outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8)) });
     }
 
-    // Second: Owner token return (CRITICAL - must return or lost forever!)
-    const ownerTokenReturn = this.ownerTokenManager.createOwnerTokenReturnOutput(
-      ownerTokenName,
-      changeAddress
-    );
-    Object.assign(outputs, ownerTokenReturn);
-
     // Last: Freeze/Unfreeze operation
     let operationOutput;
     let targetAddresses = [];
@@ -180,7 +166,7 @@ class FreezeAddressBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
           asset_name: assetName,
           addresses: targetAddresses
         });
-        outputs[targetAddresses[0]] = operationOutput;
+        outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: operationOutput });
         break;
 
       case 'UNFREEZE_ADDRESSES':
@@ -189,17 +175,17 @@ class FreezeAddressBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
           asset_name: assetName,
           addresses: targetAddresses
         });
-        outputs[targetAddresses[0]] = operationOutput;
+        outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: operationOutput });
         break;
 
       case 'FREEZE_ASSET':
         operationOutput = OutputFormatter.formatFreezeAssetOutput(assetName);
-        outputs[changeAddress] = operationOutput;
+        outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: operationOutput });
         break;
 
       case 'UNFREEZE_ASSET':
         operationOutput = OutputFormatter.formatUnfreezeAssetOutput(assetName);
-        outputs[changeAddress] = operationOutput;
+        outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: operationOutput });
         break;
 
       default:
@@ -209,13 +195,10 @@ class FreezeAddressBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
     // 13. Order outputs (protocol requirement)
     const orderedOutputs = this.outputOrderer.order(outputs);
 
-    // 14. Validate owner token is returned (safety check)
-    this.ownerTokenManager.validateOwnerTokenReturn(inputs, orderedOutputs);
-
-    // 15. Create raw transaction
+    // 14. Create raw transaction
     const rawTx = await this.buildRawTransaction(inputs, orderedOutputs);
 
-    // 16. Format and return result
+    // 15. Format and return result
     const allUTXOs = [...baseCurrencyUTXOs, ownerTokenUTXO];
 
     return this.formatResult(

package/src/builders/IssueQualifierBuilder.js

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
  * - Quantity: 1-10 units only
  * - Units: Always 0 (non-divisible)
  * - Used to tag addresses for restricted asset compliance
- * - Creates owner token (#QUALIFIER!)
+ * - Root qualifiers do not create owner tokens
+ * - Sub-qualifiers consume and return the parent qualifier asset itself
  */
 
 const BaseAssetTransactionBuilder = require('./BaseAssetTransactionBuilder');
@@ -75,13 +76,14 @@ class IssueQualifierBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
     const isSub = this.isSubQualifier(assetName);
     const parsed = AssetNameParser.parse(assetName);
 
-    // 3. If sub-qualifier, check parent exists and get owner token
-    let ownerTokenUTXO = null;
-    let ownerTokenName = null;
+    // 3. If sub-qualifier, check parent exists and get parent qualifier input
+    let parentQualifierUTXOs = [];
+    let parentQualifierQuantity = null;
+    let parentQualifierName = null;
     const addresses = await this._getAddresses();
 
     if (isSub) {
-      const parentQualifierName = parsed.parent;
+      parentQualifierName = parsed.parent;
 
       // Check parent qualifier exists
       const parentExists = await this.assetExists(parentQualifierName);
@@ -92,18 +94,16 @@ class IssueQualifierBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
         );
       }
 
-      // Find parent's owner token
-      ownerTokenName = AssetNameParser.getOwnerTokenName(parentQualifierName);
+      // Find parent qualifier balance to spend and return as change
       try {
-        ownerTokenUTXO = await this.ownerTokenManager.findOwnerTokenUTXO(
-          ownerTokenName,
-          addresses
-        );
+        const selection = await this.utxoSelector.selectAssetUTXOs(addresses, parentQualifierName, 1);
+        parentQualifierUTXOs = selection.utxos;
+        parentQualifierQuantity = selection.totalAmount;
       } catch (error) {
-        if (error instanceof OwnerTokenNotFoundError) {
+        if (error.name === 'InsufficientFundsError') {
           throw new OwnerTokenNotFoundError(
-            `You must own the parent qualifier's owner token (${ownerTokenName}) to create a sub-qualifier.`,
-            ownerTokenName
+            `You must own the parent qualifier asset (${parentQualifierName}) to create a sub-qualifier.`,
+            parentQualifierName
           );
         }
         throw error;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class IssueQualifierBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
     const changeAddress = await this.getChangeAddress();
 
     // 7. Estimate fee
-    const outputCount = isSub ? 4 : 3; // Sub has owner token return
+    const outputCount = 3;
     const estimatedFee = await this.estimateFee(2, outputCount);
 
     // 8. Calculate total XNA needed
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class IssueQualifierBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
     const totalXNAInput = utxoSelection.totalXNA;
 
     // 10. Recalculate fee with actual input count
-    const actualInputCount = baseCurrencyUTXOs.length + (ownerTokenUTXO ? 1 : 0);
+    const actualInputCount = baseCurrencyUTXOs.length + parentQualifierUTXOs.length;
     const actualFee = await this.estimateFee(actualInputCount, outputCount);
 
     // 11. Verify we have enough XNA
@@ -172,35 +172,26 @@ class IssueQualifierBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
       });
     });
 
-    // Add owner token input if sub-qualifier
-    if (ownerTokenUTXO) {
+    // Add parent qualifier inputs if sub-qualifier
+    parentQualifierUTXOs.forEach(parentUTXO => {
       inputs.push({
-        txid: ownerTokenUTXO.txid,
-        vout: ownerTokenUTXO.outputIndex,
-        address: ownerTokenUTXO.address,
-        assetName: ownerTokenUTXO.assetName,
-        satoshis: ownerTokenUTXO.satoshis
+        txid: parentUTXO.txid,
+        vout: parentUTXO.outputIndex,
+        address: parentUTXO.address,
+        assetName: parentUTXO.assetName,
+        satoshis: parentUTXO.satoshis
       });
-    }
+    });
 
     // 14. Build outputs (ORDER CRITICAL!)
-    const outputs = {};
+    const outputs = [];
 
     // First: Burn output
-    outputs[burnInfo.address] = burnInfo.amount;
+    outputs.push({ [burnInfo.address]: burnInfo.amount });
 
     // Second: XNA change (if any)
     if (xnaChange > 0.00000001) {
-      outputs[changeAddress] = parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8));
-    }
-
-    // Third: Owner token return (if sub-qualifier)
-    if (ownerTokenUTXO && ownerTokenName) {
-      const ownerTokenReturn = this.ownerTokenManager.createOwnerTokenReturnOutput(
-        ownerTokenName,
-        changeAddress
-      );
-      Object.assign(outputs, ownerTokenReturn);
+      outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8)) });
     }
 
     // Last: Issue qualifier operation
@@ -208,26 +199,21 @@ class IssueQualifierBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
       asset_name: assetName,
       asset_quantity: quantity,
       has_ipfs: hasIpfs,
-      ipfs_hash: ipfsHash
+      ipfs_hash: ipfsHash,
+      root_change_address: isSub ? changeAddress : undefined,
+      change_quantity: isSub ? parentQualifierQuantity : undefined
     });
 
-    outputs[toAddress] = issueQualifierOutput;
+    outputs.push({ [toAddress]: issueQualifierOutput });
 
     // 15. Order outputs (protocol requirement)
     const orderedOutputs = this.outputOrderer.order(outputs);
 
-    // 16. Validate owner token is returned if sub-qualifier
-    if (ownerTokenUTXO) {
-      this.ownerTokenManager.validateOwnerTokenReturn(inputs, orderedOutputs);
-    }
-
-    // 17. Create raw transaction
+    // 16. Create raw transaction
     const rawTx = await this.buildRawTransaction(inputs, orderedOutputs);
 
-    // 18. Format and return result
-    const allUTXOs = ownerTokenUTXO
-      ? [...baseCurrencyUTXOs, ownerTokenUTXO]
-      : baseCurrencyUTXOs;
+    // 17. Format and return result
+    const allUTXOs = [...baseCurrencyUTXOs, ...parentQualifierUTXOs];
 
     return this.formatResult(
       rawTx,
@@ -240,8 +226,7 @@ class IssueQualifierBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
         assetName,
         qualifierType: isSub ? 'SUB_QUALIFIER' : 'QUALIFIER',
         parentQualifier: isSub ? parsed.parent : null,
-        ownerTokenName: assetName + '!',
-        parentOwnerTokenUsed: ownerTokenName,
+        parentQualifierUsed: parentQualifierName,
         operationType: isSub ? 'ISSUE_SUB_QUALIFIER' : 'ISSUE_QUALIFIER'
       }
     );

package/src/builders/IssueRestrictedBuilder.js

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
  * - Requires verifier string (boolean logic with qualifiers)
  * - Only addresses meeting verifier requirements can receive/hold
  * - Can freeze individual addresses or entire asset
- * - Creates owner token ($ASSET!)
+ * - Creates owner token (ASSET!)
  */
 
 const BaseAssetTransactionBuilder = require('./BaseAssetTransactionBuilder');
-const { OutputFormatter } = require('../utils');
-const { AssetExistsError } = require('../errors');
+const { OutputFormatter, AssetNameParser } = require('../utils');
+const { AssetExistsError, OwnerTokenNotFoundError } = require('../errors');
 const { IpfsValidator, VerifierValidator } = require('../validators');
 
 class IssueRestrictedBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
@@ -98,21 +98,39 @@ class IssueRestrictedBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
     const toAddress = await this.getToAddress();
     const changeAddress = await this.getChangeAddress();
 
-    // 6. Estimate fee
-    const estimatedFee = await this.estimateFee(1, 3);
+    // 6. Find owner token UTXO (CRITICAL: node requires it as input)
+    const ownerTokenName = AssetNameParser.getOwnerTokenName(assetName);
+    let ownerTokenUTXO;
+    try {
+      ownerTokenUTXO = await this.ownerTokenManager.findOwnerTokenUTXO(
+        ownerTokenName,
+        addresses
+      );
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (error instanceof OwnerTokenNotFoundError) {
+        throw new OwnerTokenNotFoundError(
+          `You must own the owner token (${ownerTokenName}) to issue the restricted asset ${assetName}.`,
+          ownerTokenName
+        );
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
 
-    // 7. Calculate total XNA needed
+    // 7. Estimate fee (+1 for owner token input)
+    const estimatedFee = await this.estimateFee(2, 4);
+
+    // 8. Calculate total XNA needed
     const totalXNANeeded = burnInfo.amount + estimatedFee;
 
-    // 8. Select XNA UTXOs
+    // 9. Select XNA UTXOs
     const utxoSelection = await this.selectUTXOs(totalXNANeeded, null, 0);
     const baseCurrencyUTXOs = utxoSelection.xnaUTXOs;
     const totalXNAInput = utxoSelection.totalXNA;
 
-    // 9. Recalculate fee with actual input count
-    const actualFee = await this.estimateFee(baseCurrencyUTXOs.length, 3);
+    // 10. Recalculate fee with actual input count (+1 for owner token)
+    const actualFee = await this.estimateFee(baseCurrencyUTXOs.length + 1, 4);
 
-    // 10. Verify we have enough XNA
+    // 11. Verify we have enough XNA
     const totalRequired = burnInfo.amount + actualFee;
     if (totalXNAInput < totalRequired) {
       const additionalNeeded = totalRequired - totalXNAInput + 0.001;
@@ -120,30 +138,43 @@ class IssueRestrictedBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
       baseCurrencyUTXOs.push(...additionalSelection.xnaUTXOs);
     }
 
-    // 11. Calculate XNA change
+    // 12. Calculate XNA change
     const finalTotalInput = baseCurrencyUTXOs.reduce(
       (sum, utxo) => sum + utxo.satoshis / 100000000,
       0
     );
     const xnaChange = finalTotalInput - burnInfo.amount - actualFee;
 
-    // 12. Build inputs
-    const inputs = baseCurrencyUTXOs.map(utxo => ({
-      txid: utxo.txid,
-      vout: utxo.outputIndex,
-      address: utxo.address,
-      satoshis: utxo.satoshis
-    }));
+    // 13. Build inputs (XNA + owner token)
+    const inputs = [];
 
-    // 13. Build outputs (ORDER CRITICAL!)
-    const outputs = {};
+    baseCurrencyUTXOs.forEach(utxo => {
+      inputs.push({
+        txid: utxo.txid,
+        vout: utxo.outputIndex,
+        address: utxo.address,
+        satoshis: utxo.satoshis
+      });
+    });
+
+    // Add owner token input (node requires it to issue restricted asset)
+    inputs.push({
+      txid: ownerTokenUTXO.txid,
+      vout: ownerTokenUTXO.outputIndex,
+      address: ownerTokenUTXO.address,
+      assetName: ownerTokenUTXO.assetName,
+      satoshis: ownerTokenUTXO.satoshis
+    });
+
+    // 14. Build outputs (ORDER CRITICAL!)
+    const outputs = [];
 
     // First: Burn output
-    outputs[burnInfo.address] = burnInfo.amount;
+    outputs.push({ [burnInfo.address]: burnInfo.amount });
 
     // Second: XNA change (if any)
     if (xnaChange > 0.00000001) {
-      outputs[changeAddress] = parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8));
+      outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8)) });
     }
 
     // Last: Issue restricted operation
@@ -154,28 +185,31 @@ class IssueRestrictedBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
       units: units,
       reissuable: reissuable,
       has_ipfs: hasIpfs,
-      ipfs_hash: ipfsHash
+      ipfs_hash: ipfsHash,
+      owner_change_address: changeAddress
     });
 
-    outputs[toAddress] = issueRestrictedOutput;
+    outputs.push({ [toAddress]: issueRestrictedOutput });
 
-    // 14. Order outputs (protocol requirement)
+    // 15. Order outputs (protocol requirement)
     const orderedOutputs = this.outputOrderer.order(outputs);
 
-    // 15. Create raw transaction
+    // 16. Create raw transaction
     const rawTx = await this.buildRawTransaction(inputs, orderedOutputs);
 
-    // 16. Format and return result
+    // 17. Format and return result
+    const allUTXOs = [...baseCurrencyUTXOs, ownerTokenUTXO];
+
     return this.formatResult(
       rawTx,
-      baseCurrencyUTXOs,
+      allUTXOs,
       inputs,
       orderedOutputs,
       actualFee,
       burnInfo.amount,
       {
         assetName,
-        ownerTokenName: assetName + '!',
+        ownerTokenName,
         verifierString,
         requiredQualifiers,
         operationType: 'ISSUE_RESTRICTED'

package/src/builders/IssueRootBuilder.js

@@ -124,15 +124,15 @@ class IssueRootBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
     }));
 
     // 12. Build outputs (ORDER MATTERS!)
-    const outputs = {};
+    const outputs = [];
 
     // First: Burn output
-    outputs[burnInfo.address] = burnInfo.amount;
+    outputs.push({ [burnInfo.address]: burnInfo.amount });
 
     // Second: XNA change (if any)
     if (xnaChange > 0.00000001) {
       // Only add change if meaningful amount
-      outputs[changeAddress] = parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8));
+      outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8)) });
     }
 
     // Last: Issue operation
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ class IssueRootBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
       ipfs_hash: ipfsHash
     });
 
-    outputs[toAddress] = issueOutput;
+    outputs.push({ [toAddress]: issueOutput });
 
     // 13. Order outputs (critical for protocol)
     const orderedOutputs = this.outputOrderer.order(outputs);

package/src/builders/IssueSubBuilder.js

@@ -175,14 +175,14 @@ class IssueSubBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
     });
 
     // 15. Build outputs (ORDER CRITICAL!)
-    const outputs = {};
+    const outputs = [];
 
     // First: Burn output
-    outputs[burnInfo.address] = burnInfo.amount;
+    outputs.push({ [burnInfo.address]: burnInfo.amount });
 
     // Second: XNA change (if any)
     if (xnaChange > 0.00000001) {
-      outputs[changeAddress] = parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8));
+      outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8)) });
     }
 
     // Third: Owner token return (CRITICAL - must return or lost forever!)
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ class IssueSubBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
       ownerTokenName,
       changeAddress // Return owner token to change address
     );
-    Object.assign(outputs, ownerTokenReturn);
+    outputs.push(ownerTokenReturn);
 
     // Last: Issue operation
     const issueOutput = OutputFormatter.formatIssueOutput({
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ class IssueSubBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
       ipfs_hash: ipfsHash
     });
 
-    outputs[toAddress] = issueOutput;
+    outputs.push({ [toAddress]: issueOutput });
 
     // 16. Order outputs (protocol requirement)
     const orderedOutputs = this.outputOrderer.order(outputs);

package/src/builders/IssueUniqueBuilder.js

@@ -192,45 +192,38 @@ class IssueUniqueBuilder extends BaseAssetTransactionBuilder {
     });
 
     // 14. Build outputs (ORDER CRITICAL!)
-    const outputs = {};
+    const outputs = [];
 
     // First: Burn output
-    outputs[burnInfo.address] = burnInfo.amount;
+    outputs.push({ [burnInfo.address]: burnInfo.amount });
 
     // Second: XNA change (if any)
     if (xnaChange > 0.00000001) {
-      outputs[changeAddress] = parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8));
+      outputs.push({ [changeAddress]: parseFloat(xnaChange.toFixed(8)) });
     }
 
-    // Third: Owner token return (CRITICAL - must return or lost forever!)
-    const ownerTokenReturn = this.ownerTokenManager.createOwnerTokenReturnOutput(
-      ownerTokenName,
-      changeAddress
-    );
-    Object.assign(outputs, ownerTokenReturn);
-
     // Last: Issue unique operation
+    // NOTE: owner token return is handled automatically by the node when processing
+    // issue_unique — adding it manually would cause TOKEN! to appear twice in outputs
     const issueUniqueOutput = OutputFormatter.formatIssueUniqueOutput({
       root_name: rootName,
       asset_tags: assetTags,
       ipfs_hashes: ipfsHashes.length > 0 ? ipfsHashes : undefined
     });
 
-    outputs[toAddress] = issueUniqueOutput;
+    outputs.push({ [toAddress]: issueUniqueOutput });
 
     // 15. Order outputs (protocol requirement)
     const orderedOutputs = this.outputOrderer.order(outputs);
 
-    // 16. Validate owner token is returned (safety check)
-    this.ownerTokenManager.validateOwnerTokenReturn(inputs, orderedOutputs);
-
-    // 17. Create raw transaction
+    // 16. Create raw transaction
+    // NOTE: validateOwnerTokenReturn removed — the node returns TOKEN! automatically
     const rawTx = await this.buildRawTransaction(inputs, orderedOutputs);
 
-    // 18. Build list of created NFT names
+    // 17. Build list of created NFT names
     const createdNFTs = assetTags.map(tag => `${rootName}#${tag}`);
 
-    // 19. Format and return result
+    // 18. Format and return result
     const allUTXOs = [...baseCurrencyUTXOs, ownerTokenUTXO];
 
     return this.formatResult(