@netlify/plugin-nextjs 4.40.0 → 4.40.2

package/src/templates/vendor/deno.land/std@0.175.0/fmt/printf.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,939 @@
+// Copyright 2018-2023 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
+
+/**
+ * {@linkcode sprintf} and {@linkcode printf} for printing formatted strings to
+ * stdout.
+ *
+ * This implementation is inspired by POSIX and Golang but does not port
+ * implementation code.
+ *
+ * sprintf converts and formats a variable number of arguments as is specified
+ * by a `format string`. In it's basic form, a format string may just be a
+ * literal. In case arguments are meant to be formatted, a `directive` is
+ * contained in the format string, preceded by a '%' character:
+ *
+ *     %<verb>
+ *
+ * E.g. the verb `s` indicates the directive should be replaced by the string
+ * representation of the argument in the corresponding position of the argument
+ * list. E.g.:
+ *
+ *     Hello %s!
+ *
+ * applied to the arguments "World" yields "Hello World!".
+ *
+ * The meaning of the format string is modelled after [POSIX][1] format strings
+ * as well as well as [Golang format strings][2]. Both contain elements specific
+ * to the respective programming language that don't apply to JavaScript, so
+ * they can not be fully supported. Furthermore we implement some functionality
+ * that is specific to JS.
+ *
+ * ## Verbs
+ *
+ * The following verbs are supported:
+ *
+ * | Verb  | Meaning                                                        |
+ * | ----- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
+ * | `%`   | print a literal percent                                        |
+ * | `t`   | evaluate arg as boolean, print `true` or `false`               |
+ * | `b`   | eval as number, print binary                                   |
+ * | `c`   | eval as number, print character corresponding to the codePoint |
+ * | `o`   | eval as number, print octal                                    |
+ * | `x X` | print as hex (ff FF), treat string as list of bytes            |
+ * | `e E` | print number in scientific/exponent format 1.123123e+01        |
+ * | `f F` | print number as float with decimal point and no exponent       |
+ * | `g G` | use %e %E or %f %F depending on size of argument               |
+ * | `s`   | interpolate string                                             |
+ * | `T`   | type of arg, as returned by `typeof`                           |
+ * | `v`   | value of argument in 'default' format (see below)              |
+ * | `j`   | argument as formatted by `JSON.stringify`                      |
+ * | `i`   | argument as formatted by `Deno.inspect`                        |
+ * | `I`   | argument as formatted by `Deno.inspect` in compact format      |
+ *
+ * ## Width and Precision
+ *
+ * Verbs may be modified by providing them with width and precision, either or
+ * both may be omitted:
+ *
+ *     %9f    width 9, default precision
+ *     %.9f   default width, precision 9
+ *     %8.9f  width 8, precision 9
+ *     %8.f   width 9, precision 0
+ *
+ * In general, 'width' describes the minimum length of the output, while
+ * 'precision' limits the output.
+ *
+ * | verb      | precision                                                       |
+ * | --------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
+ * | `t`       | n/a                                                             |
+ * | `b c o`   | n/a                                                             |
+ * | `x X`     | n/a for number, strings are truncated to p bytes(!)             |
+ * | `e E f F` | number of places after decimal, default 6                       |
+ * | `g G`     | set maximum number of digits                                    |
+ * | `s`       | truncate input                                                  |
+ * | `T`       | truncate                                                        |
+ * | `v`       | truncate, or depth if used with # see "'default' format", below |
+ * | `j`       | n/a                                                             |
+ *
+ * Numerical values for width and precision can be substituted for the `*` char,
+ * in which case the values are obtained from the next args, e.g.:
+ *
+ *     sprintf("%*.*f", 9, 8, 456.0)
+ *
+ * is equivalent to:
+ *
+ *     sprintf("%9.8f", 456.0)
+ *
+ * ## Flags
+ *
+ * The effects of the verb may be further influenced by using flags to modify
+ * the directive:
+ *
+ * | Flag  | Verb      | Meaning                                                                    |
+ * | ----- | --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+ * | `+`   | numeric   | always print sign                                                          |
+ * | `-`   | all       | pad to the right (left justify)                                            |
+ * | `#`   |           | alternate format                                                           |
+ * | `#`   | `b o x X` | prefix with `0b 0 0x`                                                      |
+ * | `#`   | `g G`     | don't remove trailing zeros                                                |
+ * | `#`   | `v`       | ues output of `inspect` instead of `toString`                              |
+ * | `' '` |           | space character                                                            |
+ * | `' '` | `x X`     | leave spaces between bytes when printing string                            |
+ * | `' '` | `d`       | insert space for missing `+` sign character                                |
+ * | `0`   | all       | pad with zero, `-` takes precedence, sign is appended in front of padding  |
+ * | `<`   | all       | format elements of the passed array according to the directive (extension) |
+ *
+ * ## 'default' format
+ *
+ * The default format used by `%v` is the result of calling `toString()` on the
+ * relevant argument. If the `#` flags is used, the result of calling `inspect()`
+ * is interpolated. In this case, the precision, if set is passed to `inspect()`
+ * as the 'depth' config parameter.
+ *
+ * ## Positional arguments
+ *
+ * Arguments do not need to be consumed in the order they are provided and may
+ * be consumed more than once. E.g.:
+ *
+ *     sprintf("%[2]s %[1]s", "World", "Hello")
+ *
+ * returns "Hello World". The presence of a positional indicator resets the arg
+ * counter allowing args to be reused:
+ *
+ *     sprintf("dec[%d]=%d hex[%[1]d]=%x oct[%[1]d]=%#o %s", 1, 255, "Third")
+ *
+ * returns `dec[1]=255 hex[1]=0xff oct[1]=0377 Third`
+ *
+ * Width and precision my also use positionals:
+ *
+ *     "%[2]*.[1]*d", 1, 2
+ *
+ * This follows the golang conventions and not POSIX.
+ *
+ * ## Errors
+ *
+ * The following errors are handled:
+ *
+ * Incorrect verb:
+ *
+ *     S("%h", "") %!(BAD VERB 'h')
+ *
+ * Too few arguments:
+ *
+ *     S("%d") %!(MISSING 'd')"
+ *
+ * [1]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fprintf.html
+ * [2]: https://golang.org/pkg/fmt/
+ *
+ * @module
+ */
+
+enum State {
+  PASSTHROUGH,
+  PERCENT,
+  POSITIONAL,
+  PRECISION,
+  WIDTH,
+}
+
+enum WorP {
+  WIDTH,
+  PRECISION,
+}
+
+class Flags {
+  plus?: boolean;
+  dash?: boolean;
+  sharp?: boolean;
+  space?: boolean;
+  zero?: boolean;
+  lessthan?: boolean;
+  width = -1;
+  precision = -1;
+}
+
+const min = Math.min;
+const UNICODE_REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER = "\ufffd";
+const DEFAULT_PRECISION = 6;
+const FLOAT_REGEXP = /(-?)(\d)\.?(\d*)e([+-])(\d+)/;
+
+enum F {
+  sign = 1,
+  mantissa,
+  fractional,
+  esign,
+  exponent,
+}
+
+class Printf {
+  format: string;
+  args: unknown[];
+  i: number;
+
+  state: State = State.PASSTHROUGH;
+  verb = "";
+  buf = "";
+  argNum = 0;
+  flags: Flags = new Flags();
+
+  haveSeen: boolean[];
+
+  // barf, store precision and width errors for later processing ...
+  tmpError?: string;
+
+  constructor(format: string, ...args: unknown[]) {
+    this.format = format;
+    this.args = args;
+    this.haveSeen = Array.from({ length: args.length });
+    this.i = 0;
+  }
+
+  doPrintf(): string {
+    for (; this.i < this.format.length; ++this.i) {
+      const c = this.format[this.i];
+      switch (this.state) {
+        case State.PASSTHROUGH:
+          if (c === "%") {
+            this.state = State.PERCENT;
+          } else {
+            this.buf += c;
+          }
+          break;
+        case State.PERCENT:
+          if (c === "%") {
+            this.buf += c;
+            this.state = State.PASSTHROUGH;
+          } else {
+            this.handleFormat();
+          }
+          break;
+        default:
+          throw Error("Should be unreachable, certainly a bug in the lib.");
+      }
+    }
+    // check for unhandled args
+    let extras = false;
+    let err = "%!(EXTRA";
+    for (let i = 0; i !== this.haveSeen.length; ++i) {
+      if (!this.haveSeen[i]) {
+        extras = true;
+        err += ` '${Deno.inspect(this.args[i])}'`;
+      }
+    }
+    err += ")";
+    if (extras) {
+      this.buf += err;
+    }
+    return this.buf;
+  }
+
+  // %[<positional>]<flag>...<verb>
+  handleFormat() {
+    this.flags = new Flags();
+    const flags = this.flags;
+    for (; this.i < this.format.length; ++this.i) {
+      const c = this.format[this.i];
+      switch (this.state) {
+        case State.PERCENT:
+          switch (c) {
+            case "[":
+              this.handlePositional();
+              this.state = State.POSITIONAL;
+              break;
+            case "+":
+              flags.plus = true;
+              break;
+            case "<":
+              flags.lessthan = true;
+              break;
+            case "-":
+              flags.dash = true;
+              flags.zero = false; // only left pad zeros, dash takes precedence
+              break;
+            case "#":
+              flags.sharp = true;
+              break;
+            case " ":
+              flags.space = true;
+              break;
+            case "0":
+              // only left pad zeros, dash takes precedence
+              flags.zero = !flags.dash;
+              break;
+            default:
+              if (("1" <= c && c <= "9") || c === "." || c === "*") {
+                if (c === ".") {
+                  this.flags.precision = 0;
+                  this.state = State.PRECISION;
+                  this.i++;
+                } else {
+                  this.state = State.WIDTH;
+                }
+                this.handleWidthAndPrecision(flags);
+              } else {
+                this.handleVerb();
+                return; // always end in verb
+              }
+          } // switch c
+          break;
+        case State.POSITIONAL:
+          // TODO(bartlomieju): either a verb or * only verb for now
+          if (c === "*") {
+            const worp = this.flags.precision === -1
+              ? WorP.WIDTH
+              : WorP.PRECISION;
+            this.handleWidthOrPrecisionRef(worp);
+            this.state = State.PERCENT;
+            break;
+          } else {
+            this.handleVerb();
+            return; // always end in verb
+          }
+        default:
+          throw new Error(`Should not be here ${this.state}, library bug!`);
+      } // switch state
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Handle width or precision
+   * @param wOrP
+   */
+  handleWidthOrPrecisionRef(wOrP: WorP) {
+    if (this.argNum >= this.args.length) {
+      // handle Positional should have already taken care of it...
+      return;
+    }
+    const arg = this.args[this.argNum];
+    this.haveSeen[this.argNum] = true;
+    if (typeof arg === "number") {
+      switch (wOrP) {
+        case WorP.WIDTH:
+          this.flags.width = arg;
+          break;
+        default:
+          this.flags.precision = arg;
+      }
+    } else {
+      const tmp = wOrP === WorP.WIDTH ? "WIDTH" : "PREC";
+      this.tmpError = `%!(BAD ${tmp} '${this.args[this.argNum]}')`;
+    }
+    this.argNum++;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Handle width and precision
+   * @param flags
+   */
+  handleWidthAndPrecision(flags: Flags) {
+    const fmt = this.format;
+    for (; this.i !== this.format.length; ++this.i) {
+      const c = fmt[this.i];
+      switch (this.state) {
+        case State.WIDTH:
+          switch (c) {
+            case ".":
+              // initialize precision, %9.f -> precision=0
+              this.flags.precision = 0;
+              this.state = State.PRECISION;
+              break;
+            case "*":
+              this.handleWidthOrPrecisionRef(WorP.WIDTH);
+              // force . or flag at this point
+              break;
+            default: {
+              const val = parseInt(c);
+              // most likely parseInt does something stupid that makes
+              // it unusable for this scenario ...
+              // if we encounter a non (number|*|.) we're done with prec & wid
+              if (isNaN(val)) {
+                this.i--;
+                this.state = State.PERCENT;
+                return;
+              }
+              flags.width = flags.width == -1 ? 0 : flags.width;
+              flags.width *= 10;
+              flags.width += val;
+            }
+          } // switch c
+          break;
+        case State.PRECISION: {
+          if (c === "*") {
+            this.handleWidthOrPrecisionRef(WorP.PRECISION);
+            break;
+          }
+          const val = parseInt(c);
+          if (isNaN(val)) {
+            // one too far, rewind
+            this.i--;
+            this.state = State.PERCENT;
+            return;
+          }
+          flags.precision *= 10;
+          flags.precision += val;
+          break;
+        }
+        default:
+          throw new Error("can't be here. bug.");
+      } // switch state
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Handle positional */
+  handlePositional() {
+    if (this.format[this.i] !== "[") {
+      // sanity only
+      throw new Error("Can't happen? Bug.");
+    }
+    let positional = 0;
+    const format = this.format;
+    this.i++;
+    let err = false;
+    for (; this.i !== this.format.length; ++this.i) {
+      if (format[this.i] === "]") {
+        break;
+      }
+      positional *= 10;
+      const val = parseInt(format[this.i]);
+      if (isNaN(val)) {
+        //throw new Error(
+        //  `invalid character in positional: ${format}[${format[this.i]}]`
+        //);
+        this.tmpError = "%!(BAD INDEX)";
+        err = true;
+      }
+      positional += val;
+    }
+    if (positional - 1 >= this.args.length) {
+      this.tmpError = "%!(BAD INDEX)";
+      err = true;
+    }
+    this.argNum = err ? this.argNum : positional - 1;
+  }
+
+  /** Handle less than */
+  handleLessThan(): string {
+    // deno-lint-ignore no-explicit-any
+    const arg = this.args[this.argNum] as any;
+    if ((arg || {}).constructor.name !== "Array") {
+      throw new Error(`arg ${arg} is not an array. Todo better error handling`);
+    }
+    let str = "[ ";
+    for (let i = 0; i !== arg.length; ++i) {
+      if (i !== 0) str += ", ";
+      str += this._handleVerb(arg[i]);
+    }
+    return str + " ]";
+  }
+
+  /** Handle verb */
+  handleVerb() {
+    const verb = this.format[this.i];
+    this.verb = verb;
+    if (this.tmpError) {
+      this.buf += this.tmpError;
+      this.tmpError = undefined;
+      if (this.argNum < this.haveSeen.length) {
+        this.haveSeen[this.argNum] = true; // keep track of used args
+      }
+    } else if (this.args.length <= this.argNum) {
+      this.buf += `%!(MISSING '${verb}')`;
+    } else {
+      const arg = this.args[this.argNum]; // check out of range
+      this.haveSeen[this.argNum] = true; // keep track of used args
+      if (this.flags.lessthan) {
+        this.buf += this.handleLessThan();
+      } else {
+        this.buf += this._handleVerb(arg);
+      }
+    }
+    this.argNum++; // if there is a further positional, it will reset.
+    this.state = State.PASSTHROUGH;
+  }
+
+  // deno-lint-ignore no-explicit-any
+  _handleVerb(arg: any): string {
+    switch (this.verb) {
+      case "t":
+        return this.pad(arg.toString());
+      case "b":
+        return this.fmtNumber(arg as number, 2);
+      case "c":
+        return this.fmtNumberCodePoint(arg as number);
+      case "d":
+        return this.fmtNumber(arg as number, 10);
+      case "o":
+        return this.fmtNumber(arg as number, 8);
+      case "x":
+        return this.fmtHex(arg);
+      case "X":
+        return this.fmtHex(arg, true);
+      case "e":
+        return this.fmtFloatE(arg as number);
+      case "E":
+        return this.fmtFloatE(arg as number, true);
+      case "f":
+      case "F":
+        return this.fmtFloatF(arg as number);
+      case "g":
+        return this.fmtFloatG(arg as number);
+      case "G":
+        return this.fmtFloatG(arg as number, true);
+      case "s":
+        return this.fmtString(arg as string);
+      case "T":
+        return this.fmtString(typeof arg);
+      case "v":
+        return this.fmtV(arg);
+      case "j":
+        return this.fmtJ(arg);
+      case "i":
+        return this.fmtI(arg, false);
+      case "I":
+        return this.fmtI(arg, true);
+      default:
+        return `%!(BAD VERB '${this.verb}')`;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Pad a string
+   * @param s text to pad
+   */
+  pad(s: string): string {
+    const padding = this.flags.zero ? "0" : " ";
+
+    if (this.flags.dash) {
+      return s.padEnd(this.flags.width, padding);
+    }
+
+    return s.padStart(this.flags.width, padding);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Pad a number
+   * @param nStr
+   * @param neg
+   */
+  padNum(nStr: string, neg: boolean): string {
+    let sign: string;
+    if (neg) {
+      sign = "-";
+    } else if (this.flags.plus || this.flags.space) {
+      sign = this.flags.plus ? "+" : " ";
+    } else {
+      sign = "";
+    }
+    const zero = this.flags.zero;
+    if (!zero) {
+      // sign comes in front of padding when padding w/ zero,
+      // in from of value if padding with spaces.
+      nStr = sign + nStr;
+    }
+
+    const pad = zero ? "0" : " ";
+    const len = zero ? this.flags.width - sign.length : this.flags.width;
+
+    if (this.flags.dash) {
+      nStr = nStr.padEnd(len, pad);
+    } else {
+      nStr = nStr.padStart(len, pad);
+    }
+
+    if (zero) {
+      // see above
+      nStr = sign + nStr;
+    }
+    return nStr;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format a number
+   * @param n
+   * @param radix
+   * @param upcase
+   */
+  fmtNumber(n: number, radix: number, upcase = false): string {
+    let num = Math.abs(n).toString(radix);
+    const prec = this.flags.precision;
+    if (prec !== -1) {
+      this.flags.zero = false;
+      num = n === 0 && prec === 0 ? "" : num;
+      while (num.length < prec) {
+        num = "0" + num;
+      }
+    }
+    let prefix = "";
+    if (this.flags.sharp) {
+      switch (radix) {
+        case 2:
+          prefix += "0b";
+          break;
+        case 8:
+          // don't annotate octal 0 with 0...
+          prefix += num.startsWith("0") ? "" : "0";
+          break;
+        case 16:
+          prefix += "0x";
+          break;
+        default:
+          throw new Error("cannot handle base: " + radix);
+      }
+    }
+    // don't add prefix in front of value truncated by precision=0, val=0
+    num = num.length === 0 ? num : prefix + num;
+    if (upcase) {
+      num = num.toUpperCase();
+    }
+    return this.padNum(num, n < 0);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format number with code points
+   * @param n
+   */
+  fmtNumberCodePoint(n: number): string {
+    let s = "";
+    try {
+      s = String.fromCodePoint(n);
+    } catch {
+      s = UNICODE_REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER;
+    }
+    return this.pad(s);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format special float
+   * @param n
+   */
+  fmtFloatSpecial(n: number): string {
+    // formatting of NaN and Inf are pants-on-head
+    // stupid and more or less arbitrary.
+
+    if (isNaN(n)) {
+      this.flags.zero = false;
+      return this.padNum("NaN", false);
+    }
+    if (n === Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY) {
+      this.flags.zero = false;
+      this.flags.plus = true;
+      return this.padNum("Inf", false);
+    }
+    if (n === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY) {
+      this.flags.zero = false;
+      return this.padNum("Inf", true);
+    }
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Round fraction to precision
+   * @param fractional
+   * @param precision
+   * @returns tuple of fractional and round
+   */
+  roundFractionToPrecision(
+    fractional: string,
+    precision: number,
+  ): [string, boolean] {
+    let round = false;
+    if (fractional.length > precision) {
+      fractional = "1" + fractional; // prepend a 1 in case of leading 0
+      let tmp = parseInt(fractional.slice(0, precision + 2)) / 10;
+      tmp = Math.round(tmp);
+      fractional = Math.floor(tmp).toString();
+      round = fractional[0] === "2";
+      fractional = fractional.slice(1); // remove extra 1
+    } else {
+      while (fractional.length < precision) {
+        fractional += "0";
+      }
+    }
+    return [fractional, round];
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format float E
+   * @param n
+   * @param upcase
+   */
+  fmtFloatE(n: number, upcase = false): string {
+    const special = this.fmtFloatSpecial(n);
+    if (special !== "") {
+      return special;
+    }
+
+    const m = n.toExponential().match(FLOAT_REGEXP);
+    if (!m) {
+      throw Error("can't happen, bug");
+    }
+    let fractional = m[F.fractional];
+    const precision = this.flags.precision !== -1
+      ? this.flags.precision
+      : DEFAULT_PRECISION;
+    let rounding = false;
+    [fractional, rounding] = this.roundFractionToPrecision(
+      fractional,
+      precision,
+    );
+
+    let e = m[F.exponent];
+    let esign = m[F.esign];
+    // scientific notation output with exponent padded to minlen 2
+    let mantissa = parseInt(m[F.mantissa]);
+    if (rounding) {
+      mantissa += 1;
+      if (10 <= mantissa) {
+        mantissa = 1;
+        const r = parseInt(esign + e) + 1;
+        e = r.toString();
+        esign = r < 0 ? "-" : "+";
+      }
+    }
+    e = e.length == 1 ? "0" + e : e;
+    const val = `${mantissa}.${fractional}${upcase ? "E" : "e"}${esign}${e}`;
+    return this.padNum(val, n < 0);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format float F
+   * @param n
+   */
+  fmtFloatF(n: number): string {
+    const special = this.fmtFloatSpecial(n);
+    if (special !== "") {
+      return special;
+    }
+
+    // stupid helper that turns a number into a (potentially)
+    // VERY long string.
+    function expandNumber(n: number): string {
+      if (Number.isSafeInteger(n)) {
+        return n.toString() + ".";
+      }
+
+      const t = n.toExponential().split("e");
+      let m = t[0].replace(".", "");
+      const e = parseInt(t[1]);
+      if (e < 0) {
+        let nStr = "0.";
+        for (let i = 0; i !== Math.abs(e) - 1; ++i) {
+          nStr += "0";
+        }
+        return (nStr += m);
+      } else {
+        const splIdx = e + 1;
+        while (m.length < splIdx) {
+          m += "0";
+        }
+        return m.slice(0, splIdx) + "." + m.slice(splIdx);
+      }
+    }
+    // avoiding sign makes padding easier
+    const val = expandNumber(Math.abs(n)) as string;
+    const arr = val.split(".");
+    let dig = arr[0];
+    let fractional = arr[1];
+
+    const precision = this.flags.precision !== -1
+      ? this.flags.precision
+      : DEFAULT_PRECISION;
+    let round = false;
+    [fractional, round] = this.roundFractionToPrecision(fractional, precision);
+    if (round) {
+      dig = (parseInt(dig) + 1).toString();
+    }
+    return this.padNum(`${dig}.${fractional}`, n < 0);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format float G
+   * @param n
+   * @param upcase
+   */
+  fmtFloatG(n: number, upcase = false): string {
+    const special = this.fmtFloatSpecial(n);
+    if (special !== "") {
+      return special;
+    }
+
+    // The double argument representing a floating-point number shall be
+    // converted in the style f or e (or in the style F or E in
+    // the case of a G conversion specifier), depending on the
+    // value converted and the precision. Let P equal the
+    // precision if non-zero, 6 if the precision is omitted, or 1
+    // if the precision is zero. Then, if a conversion with style E would
+    // have an exponent of X:
+
+    //     - If P > X>=-4, the conversion shall be with style f (or F )
+    //     and precision P -( X+1).
+
+    //     - Otherwise, the conversion shall be with style e (or E )
+    //     and precision P -1.
+
+    // Finally, unless the '#' flag is used, any trailing zeros shall be
+    // removed from the fractional portion of the result and the
+    // decimal-point character shall be removed if there is no
+    // fractional portion remaining.
+
+    // A double argument representing an infinity or NaN shall be
+    // converted in the style of an f or F conversion specifier.
+    // https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fprintf.html
+
+    let P = this.flags.precision !== -1
+      ? this.flags.precision
+      : DEFAULT_PRECISION;
+    P = P === 0 ? 1 : P;
+
+    const m = n.toExponential().match(FLOAT_REGEXP);
+    if (!m) {
+      throw Error("can't happen");
+    }
+
+    const X = parseInt(m[F.exponent]) * (m[F.esign] === "-" ? -1 : 1);
+    let nStr = "";
+    if (P > X && X >= -4) {
+      this.flags.precision = P - (X + 1);
+      nStr = this.fmtFloatF(n);
+      if (!this.flags.sharp) {
+        nStr = nStr.replace(/\.?0*$/, "");
+      }
+    } else {
+      this.flags.precision = P - 1;
+      nStr = this.fmtFloatE(n);
+      if (!this.flags.sharp) {
+        nStr = nStr.replace(/\.?0*e/, upcase ? "E" : "e");
+      }
+    }
+    return nStr;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format string
+   * @param s
+   */
+  fmtString(s: string): string {
+    if (this.flags.precision !== -1) {
+      s = s.slice(0, this.flags.precision);
+    }
+    return this.pad(s);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format hex
+   * @param val
+   * @param upper
+   */
+  fmtHex(val: string | number, upper = false): string {
+    // allow others types ?
+    switch (typeof val) {
+      case "number":
+        return this.fmtNumber(val as number, 16, upper);
+      case "string": {
+        const sharp = this.flags.sharp && val.length !== 0;
+        let hex = sharp ? "0x" : "";
+        const prec = this.flags.precision;
+        const end = prec !== -1 ? min(prec, val.length) : val.length;
+        for (let i = 0; i !== end; ++i) {
+          if (i !== 0 && this.flags.space) {
+            hex += sharp ? " 0x" : " ";
+          }
+          // TODO(bartlomieju): for now only taking into account the
+          // lower half of the codePoint, ie. as if a string
+          // is a list of 8bit values instead of UCS2 runes
+          const c = (val.charCodeAt(i) & 0xff).toString(16);
+          hex += c.length === 1 ? `0${c}` : c;
+        }
+        if (upper) {
+          hex = hex.toUpperCase();
+        }
+        return this.pad(hex);
+      }
+      default:
+        throw new Error(
+          "currently only number and string are implemented for hex",
+        );
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format value
+   * @param val
+   */
+  fmtV(val: Record<string, unknown>): string {
+    if (this.flags.sharp) {
+      const options = this.flags.precision !== -1
+        ? { depth: this.flags.precision }
+        : {};
+      return this.pad(Deno.inspect(val, options));
+    } else {
+      const p = this.flags.precision;
+      return p === -1 ? val.toString() : val.toString().slice(0, p);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format JSON
+   * @param val
+   */
+  fmtJ(val: unknown): string {
+    return JSON.stringify(val);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format inspect
+   * @param val
+   * @param compact Whether or not the output should be compact.
+   */
+  fmtI(val: unknown, compact: boolean): string {
+    return Deno.inspect(val, {
+      colors: true,
+      compact,
+      depth: Infinity,
+      iterableLimit: Infinity,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Converts and format a variable number of `args` as is specified by `format`.
+ * `sprintf` returns the formatted string.
+ *
+ * @param format
+ * @param args
+ */
+export function sprintf(format: string, ...args: unknown[]): string {
+  const printf = new Printf(format, ...args);
+  return printf.doPrintf();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Converts and format a variable number of `args` as is specified by `format`.
+ * `printf` writes the formatted string to standard output.
+ * @param format
+ * @param args
+ */
+export function printf(format: string, ...args: unknown[]) {
+  const s = sprintf(format, ...args);
+  Deno.stdout.writeSync(new TextEncoder().encode(s));
+}