@nehorai/credits 2.2.0 → 3.1.0

package/dist/index.js

@@ -167,6 +167,40 @@ function floatSum(values) {
   for (const value of values) total += value;
   return total;
 }
+function multiplyAmount(unit, quantity) {
+  const cents = toCents(unit);
+  const product = cents === null ? Number.NaN : cents * quantity;
+  if (cents === null || cents < 0 || !Number.isSafeInteger(quantity) || quantity < 0 || !Number.isSafeInteger(product) || product > MAX_CENTS) {
+    throw new CreditError(
+      `Cannot price ${quantity} units at ${unit}: the price must be a non-negative amount exact to ${CREDIT_AMOUNT_SCALE} decimals, the quantity a whole number, and the result at most ${CREDIT_AMOUNT_MAX}`,
+      CreditErrorCode.INVALID_AMOUNT,
+      { unit, quantity, max: CREDIT_AMOUNT_MAX, scale: CREDIT_AMOUNT_SCALE }
+    );
+  }
+  return product / 100;
+}
+var FLOAT_NOISE_FLOOR = 1e-6;
+var FLOAT_NOISE_RELATIVE = 64 * Number.EPSILON;
+function floatNoise(value) {
+  return Math.max(FLOAT_NOISE_FLOOR, Math.abs(value) * FLOAT_NOISE_RELATIVE);
+}
+function canonicalAmount(value) {
+  if (typeof value !== "number" || !Number.isFinite(value)) return value;
+  const cents = Math.round(value * 100);
+  if (!Number.isSafeInteger(cents)) return value;
+  const onGrid = cents / 100 + 0;
+  return Math.abs(value - onGrid) < floatNoise(value) ? onGrid : value;
+}
+function storedAmountFloor(value) {
+  const canonical = canonicalAmount(value);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(canonical) || toCents(canonical) !== null) return canonical;
+  return Math.floor(canonical * 100) / 100;
+}
+function storedAmountCeil(value) {
+  const canonical = canonicalAmount(value);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(canonical) || toCents(canonical) !== null) return canonical;
+  return Math.ceil(canonical * 100) / 100;
+}
 function isValidCreditAmount(value) {
   if (typeof value !== "number") return false;
   const cents = toCents(value);
@@ -222,14 +256,19 @@ function backedBalanceFloor(reserved, bonusCredits) {
 function cappedBalance(balance, cap, reserved, bonusCredits) {
   return Math.min(balance, Math.max(cap, backedBalanceFloor(reserved, bonusCredits)));
 }
-function spendableBalance(balance, expiredHoldBacking = 0) {
-  return sumAmounts(balance, -Math.min(expiredHoldBacking, balance));
+function heldExpiredBacking(balance, stored) {
+  if (!(stored !== void 0 && stored > 0)) return 0;
+  return Math.max(0, Math.min(stored, balance));
+}
+function spendableBalance(balance, expiredHoldBacking) {
+  return sumAmounts(balance, -heldExpiredBacking(balance, expiredHoldBacking));
 }
 function planBalanceTarget(target, reserved, bonusCredits) {
+  assertValidBalanceTarget(target, "balance target", { reserved, bonusCredits });
   const balance = Math.max(target, backedBalanceFloor(reserved, bonusCredits));
   return { balance, expiredHoldBacking: sumAmounts(balance, -target) };
 }
-function planBalanceCap(balance, cap, reserved, bonusCredits, expiredHoldBacking = 0) {
+function planBalanceCap(balance, cap, reserved, bonusCredits, expiredHoldBacking) {
   const spendable = spendableBalance(balance, expiredHoldBacking);
   const target = Math.min(spendable, cap);
   const kept = Math.max(
@@ -240,8 +279,8 @@ function planBalanceCap(balance, cap, reserved, bonusCredits, expiredHoldBacking
   return { balance: next, expiredHoldBacking: Math.max(0, sumAmounts(next, -target)) };
 }
 function settleExpiredHoldBacking(balance, expiredHoldBacking, holdBacking) {
-  const held = Math.min(expiredHoldBacking, balance);
-  const used = Math.min(held, holdBacking);
+  const held = heldExpiredBacking(balance, expiredHoldBacking);
+  const used = Math.max(0, Math.min(held, holdBacking));
   return { used, remaining: sumAmounts(held, -used) };
 }
 function planHoldCommit(balance, bonusCredits, expiredHoldBacking, holdBacking, amount) {
@@ -256,27 +295,83 @@ function planHoldCommit(balance, bonusCredits, expiredHoldBacking, holdBacking,
     expiredHoldBacking: backing.remaining
   };
 }
-function attributeExpiredBacking(holds, total) {
-  const placed = holds.filter((hold) => hold.holdPlacedAt).sort(
-    (a, b) => a.holdPlacedAt === b.holdPlacedAt ? a.id < b.id ? -1 : 1 : a.holdPlacedAt < b.holdPlacedAt ? -1 : 1
-  );
-  const shares = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
-  let left = total;
-  for (const hold of placed) {
-    const kept = Math.min(hold.expiredBacking ?? 0, hold.amount, left);
-    shares.set(hold.id, kept);
-    left = sumAmounts(left, -kept);
+var NO_EXPIRED_BACKING_PREFIX = {
+  holdPlacedAt: "",
+  id: "",
+  share: 0
+};
+function compareHolds(a, b) {
+  if (a.holdPlacedAt !== b.holdPlacedAt) return a.holdPlacedAt < b.holdPlacedAt ? -1 : 1;
+  if (a.id === b.id) return 0;
+  return a.id < b.id ? -1 : 1;
+}
+function recordedExpiredBacking(hold) {
+  const stored = hold.expiredBacking;
+  if (typeof stored !== "number" || !Number.isFinite(stored) || stored <= 0) return 0;
+  if (!isValidCreditAmount(hold.amount)) return 0;
+  return Math.min(storedAmountCeil(stored), hold.amount);
+}
+function allocateExpiredBacking(holds, total) {
+  const placed = holds.filter((hold) => hold.holdPlacedAt && isValidCreditAmount(hold.amount)).map((hold) => ({ ...hold, holdPlacedAt: hold.holdPlacedAt })).sort(compareHolds);
+  const wanted = Math.max(0, total);
+  if (wanted === 0) return { total: 0, frontier: null };
+  const recorded = placed.filter((hold) => recordedExpiredBacking(hold) > 0);
+  const shares = new Map(recorded.map((hold) => [hold.id, recordedExpiredBacking(hold)]));
+  let left = sumAmounts(wanted, ...[...shares.values()].map((share) => -share));
+  for (const hold of [...recorded].reverse()) {
+    if (left >= 0) break;
+    const share = shares.get(hold.id);
+    const cut = Math.min(share, -left);
+    shares.set(hold.id, sumAmounts(share, -cut));
+    left = sumAmounts(left, cut);
   }
+  let frontier = NO_EXPIRED_BACKING_PREFIX;
   for (const hold of placed) {
+    if (left <= 0) break;
+    if (shares.has(hold.id)) continue;
+    const share = Math.min(hold.amount, left);
+    frontier = { holdPlacedAt: hold.holdPlacedAt, id: hold.id, share };
+    left = sumAmounts(left, -share);
+  }
+  for (const hold of recorded) {
+    if (left <= 0) break;
     const share = shares.get(hold.id);
     const added = Math.min(sumAmounts(hold.amount, -share), left);
     shares.set(hold.id, sumAmounts(share, added));
     left = sumAmounts(left, -added);
   }
-  return shares;
+  const rewrites = recorded.filter((hold) => shares.get(hold.id) !== hold.expiredBacking).map((hold) => ({ id: hold.id, expiredBacking: shares.get(hold.id) }));
+  return { total: wanted, frontier, ...rewrites.length > 0 ? { rewrites } : {} };
 }
-function expiredHoldBackingPatch(next, stored = 0) {
-  return next > 0 || stored > 0 ? { expiredHoldBacking: next } : {};
+function holdExpiredBacking(hold, frontier, rewrites) {
+  const rewritten = rewrites?.find((rewrite) => rewrite.id === hold.id);
+  const recorded = recordedExpiredBacking(
+    rewritten ? { ...hold, expiredBacking: rewritten.expiredBacking } : hold
+  );
+  if (recorded > 0) return recorded;
+  if (!frontier || !hold.holdPlacedAt) return 0;
+  const order = compareHolds({ holdPlacedAt: hold.holdPlacedAt, id: hold.id }, frontier);
+  if (order > 0) return 0;
+  return order < 0 ? hold.amount : Math.min(frontier.share, hold.amount);
+}
+function holdPlacedAtAfter(now, frontier) {
+  if (!frontier?.holdPlacedAt) return now;
+  const earliest = new Date(Date.parse(frontier.holdPlacedAt) + 1).toISOString();
+  return now > earliest ? now : earliest;
+}
+function expiredBackingPatch(next, stored) {
+  const total = Math.max(0, next.total);
+  const patch = {};
+  const storedTotal = stored.expiredHoldBacking;
+  if (total > 0 || storedTotal !== void 0 && storedTotal !== 0) {
+    patch.expiredHoldBacking = total;
+  }
+  if (total <= 0) {
+    if (stored.expiredBackingFrontier) patch.expiredBackingFrontier = null;
+  } else if (next.frontier) {
+    patch.expiredBackingFrontier = next.frontier;
+  }
+  return patch;
 }
 function assertValidBalanceTarget(value, field, context) {
   assertRepresentableAmount(value, field, context);
@@ -289,7 +384,10 @@ function assertValidBalanceTarget(value, field, context) {
   }
 }
 function assertValidTierBalanceInput(input, context) {
-  if (input.balanceCap === void 0) return;
+  if (input.balanceCap === void 0) {
+    if (input.balance !== void 0) assertValidBalanceTarget(input.balance, "balance", context);
+    return;
+  }
   if (input.balance !== void 0) {
     throw new CreditError(
       "A tier update cannot set both balance and balanceCap",
@@ -815,17 +913,25 @@ var DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
   }
 };
 var currentConfig = DEFAULT_CONFIG;
+function isOperationCostMap(value) {
+  if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) return false;
+  return Object.values(value).every((cost) => isRepresentableAmount(cost) && cost >= 0);
+}
 function loadConfigFromEnv() {
   const envConfig = {};
   const operationCostsEnv = process.env.CREDITS_OPERATION_COSTS;
   if (operationCostsEnv) {
     try {
       const parsed = JSON.parse(operationCostsEnv);
-      if (typeof parsed === "object" && parsed !== null) {
+      if (isOperationCostMap(parsed)) {
         envConfig.operationCosts = {
           ...DEFAULT_CONFIG.operationCosts,
           ...parsed
         };
+      } else {
+        console.warn(
+          "[Credits Config] Ignoring CREDITS_OPERATION_COSTS: it must be a JSON object whose costs are numbers >= 0, exact to the cent"
+        );
       }
     } catch {
       console.warn("[Credits Config] Failed to parse CREDITS_OPERATION_COSTS env var as JSON");
@@ -1255,7 +1361,7 @@ function validateBalanceUpdate(current, updates) {
   const reserved = next(current.reserved ?? 0, updates.reserved, updates.reservedIncrement);
   const errors = [];
   if (balance < 0) errors.push(`Balance cannot be negative: ${balance}`);
-  const marked = updates.balance === void 0 ? current.expiredHoldBacking ?? 0 : 0;
+  const marked = updates.balance === void 0 ? heldExpiredBacking(current.balance, current.expiredHoldBacking) : 0;
   if ((updates.balanceIncrement ?? 0) < 0 && balance >= 0 && balance < marked) {
     errors.push(`Balance (${balance}) cannot go below expired hold backing (${marked})`);
   }
@@ -1273,6 +1379,50 @@ function assertValidBalanceUpdate(current, updates) {
     throw new Error(`Invalid balance update: ${result.errors.join("; ")}`);
   }
 }
+function signupGrantJournalInput(userId, tier, grant) {
+  if (grant <= 0) return null;
+  return {
+    userId,
+    entryType: "credit",
+    amount: grant,
+    balanceBefore: 0,
+    balanceAfter: grant,
+    source: "bonus",
+    referenceId: `signup-${userId}`,
+    referenceType: "adjustment",
+    description: `Signup grant for ${tier} tier.`,
+    metadata: { tier }
+  };
+}
+function tierChangeJournalInput(input) {
+  const { userId, previousTier, newTier, previousBalance, newBalance, bonusCredits } = input;
+  const change = sumAmounts(newBalance, -previousBalance);
+  if (change === 0) return null;
+  const raised = change > 0;
+  const amount = raised ? newBalance : 0;
+  const balanceBefore = sumAmounts(previousBalance, bonusCredits);
+  const balanceAfter = sumAmounts(newBalance, bonusCredits);
+  assertRepresentableFields(
+    {
+      "journal amount": amount,
+      "journal balanceBefore": balanceBefore,
+      "journal balanceAfter": balanceAfter
+    },
+    { userId, operation: "updateUserTier" }
+  );
+  return {
+    userId,
+    entryType: raised ? "credit" : "debit",
+    amount,
+    balanceBefore,
+    balanceAfter,
+    source: raised ? "subscription_upgrade" : "subscription_downgrade",
+    referenceId: `tier-${Date.now()}`,
+    referenceType: "subscription",
+    description: `Tier changed from ${previousTier} to ${newTier}.`,
+    metadata: { previousTier, newTier, previousBalance, newBalance }
+  };
+}
 
 // src/repository/memory/snapshot.ts
 function copyRecord(record) {
@@ -1407,6 +1557,7 @@ function commitTransitionJournal(store, input, existingId) {
     userId: input.userId,
     entryType: input.entryType,
     amount: input.amount,
+    balanceBefore: input.balanceBefore,
     balanceAfter: input.balanceAfter,
     source: input.source,
     referenceId: input.reservationId,
@@ -1456,16 +1607,28 @@ function openHolds(store, userId) {
     (reservation) => reservation.status === "reserved"
   );
 }
+function expiredBackingInForce(store, credits) {
+  const total = heldExpiredBacking(credits.balance, credits.expiredHoldBacking);
+  if (total > 0 && (!credits.expiredBackingFrontier || credits.expiredHoldBacking !== total)) {
+    return allocateExpiredBacking(openHolds(store, credits.userId), total);
+  }
+  return { total, frontier: credits.expiredBackingFrontier ?? null };
+}
+function writeRecordedShares(store, userId, allocation) {
+  for (const { id, expiredBacking } of allocation.rewrites ?? []) {
+    const hold = getReservation(store, userId, id);
+    if (hold) hold.expiredBacking = expiredBacking;
+  }
+}
 function writeExpiredHoldBacking(store, credits, next) {
-  const stored = credits.expiredHoldBacking;
-  if (next <= 0 && !stored) return;
-  const holds = openHolds(store, credits.userId);
-  const shares = attributeExpiredBacking(holds, next);
-  for (const hold of holds) {
-    const share = shares.get(hold.id) ?? 0;
-    if (share !== (hold.expiredBacking ?? 0)) hold.expiredBacking = share;
+  if (next <= 0) {
+    Object.assign(credits, expiredBackingPatch({ total: 0 }, credits));
+    return;
   }
-  Object.assign(credits, expiredHoldBackingPatch(sumAmounts(...shares.values()), stored));
+  if (next === credits.expiredHoldBacking) return;
+  const allocation = allocateExpiredBacking(openHolds(store, credits.userId), next);
+  writeRecordedShares(store, credits.userId, allocation);
+  Object.assign(credits, expiredBackingPatch(allocation, credits));
 }
 function getReservation(store, userId, reservationId) {
   return store.reservations.get(userId)?.get(reservationId);
@@ -1514,6 +1677,7 @@ async function reserveCreditsV2(store, input) {
       };
     }
     const now = (/* @__PURE__ */ new Date()).toISOString();
+    const backing = expiredBackingInForce(store, credits);
     const reservation = {
       id: generateId(),
       userId: input.userId,
@@ -1526,7 +1690,7 @@ async function reserveCreditsV2(store, input) {
       // The hold-origin fact. Written here and nowhere else, in the same
       // critical section that raises `reserved` below, so the row and the hold
       // become visible together. `createReservation` cannot set it.
-      holdPlacedAt: now
+      holdPlacedAt: holdPlacedAtAfter(now, backing.total > 0 ? backing.frontier : null)
     };
     if (!store.reservations.has(input.userId)) {
       store.reservations.set(input.userId, /* @__PURE__ */ new Map());
@@ -1544,6 +1708,8 @@ async function reserveCreditsV2(store, input) {
       );
     }
     credits.reserved = nextReserved;
+    writeRecordedShares(store, input.userId, backing);
+    Object.assign(credits, expiredBackingPatch(backing, credits));
     credits.updatedAt = now;
     return { outcome: "created", reservation: copyRecord(reservation) };
   });
@@ -1564,11 +1730,12 @@ async function commitReservationV2(store, userId, reservationId, options) {
     const amount = reservation.amount;
     await yieldPoint(store);
     assertReservedCoversHold(credits, userId, reservationId, amount);
+    const backing = expiredBackingInForce(store, credits);
     const paid = planHoldCommit(
       credits.balance,
       credits.bonusCredits,
-      credits.expiredHoldBacking ?? 0,
-      reservation.expiredBacking ?? 0,
+      backing.total,
+      holdExpiredBacking(reservation, backing.frontier, backing.rewrites),
       amount
     );
     if (!paid.covered) {
@@ -1586,6 +1753,7 @@ async function commitReservationV2(store, userId, reservationId, options) {
       operation: "commitReservation",
       entryType: "debit",
       amount,
+      balanceBefore: sumAmounts(credits.balance, credits.bonusCredits),
       balanceAfter,
       source: "operation_commit",
       reservationId,
@@ -1613,9 +1781,10 @@ async function commitReservationV2(store, userId, reservationId, options) {
     credits.bonusCredits = nextBonusCredits;
     credits.reserved = nextReserved;
     credits.monthlyUsed = nextMonthlyUsed;
+    writeRecordedShares(store, userId, backing);
     Object.assign(
       credits,
-      expiredHoldBackingPatch(paid.expiredHoldBacking, credits.expiredHoldBacking)
+      expiredBackingPatch({ total: paid.expiredHoldBacking, frontier: backing.frontier }, credits)
     );
     credits.updatedAt = (/* @__PURE__ */ new Date()).toISOString();
     const journalEntryId = commitTransitionJournal(store, journal, existingEntryId);
@@ -1696,10 +1865,11 @@ function finishUnspent(store, reservation, transition) {
     reservation.id,
     reservation.amount
   );
+  const inForce = expiredBackingInForce(store, credits);
   const backing = settleExpiredHoldBacking(
     credits.balance,
-    credits.expiredHoldBacking ?? 0,
-    reservation.expiredBacking ?? 0
+    inForce.total,
+    holdExpiredBacking(reservation, inForce.frontier, inForce.rewrites)
   );
   const nextBalance = sumAmounts(credits.balance, -backing.used);
   const journal = {
@@ -1707,6 +1877,7 @@ function finishUnspent(store, reservation, transition) {
     operation: `${transition.transition}Reservation`,
     entryType: "credit",
     amount: 0,
+    balanceBefore: sumAmounts(credits.balance, credits.bonusCredits),
     balanceAfter: sumAmounts(nextBalance, credits.bonusCredits),
     source: transition.source,
     reservationId: reservation.id,
@@ -1729,7 +1900,11 @@ function finishUnspent(store, reservation, transition) {
   reservation.completedAt = (/* @__PURE__ */ new Date()).toISOString();
   credits.reserved = nextReserved;
   credits.balance = nextBalance;
-  Object.assign(credits, expiredHoldBackingPatch(backing.remaining, credits.expiredHoldBacking));
+  writeRecordedShares(store, reservation.userId, inForce);
+  Object.assign(
+    credits,
+    expiredBackingPatch({ total: backing.remaining, frontier: inForce.frontier }, credits)
+  );
   credits.updatedAt = (/* @__PURE__ */ new Date()).toISOString();
   return commitTransitionJournal(store, journal, existingEntryId);
 }
@@ -1772,7 +1947,7 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
    * simultaneous first deliveries of the same reference would then both credit.
    */
   seedUser(userId, tier, initialBalance) {
-    assertRepresentableAmount(initialBalance, "initialBalance", { userId });
+    assertValidBalanceTarget(initialBalance, "initialBalance", { userId });
     const configured = getConfigMonthlyLimit(tier);
     assertRepresentableTierAmount(configured, "monthlyLimit", { userId, tier });
     const monthlyLimit = storedMonthlyLimit(configured);
@@ -1791,6 +1966,8 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
       updatedAt: now
     };
     this.store.users.set(userId, credits);
+    const grantLine = signupGrantJournalInput(userId, tier, initialBalance);
+    if (grantLine) this.recordJournalEntry(grantLine);
     return credits;
   }
   async updateUserCredits(userId, updates) {
@@ -1853,9 +2030,11 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
       userId,
       operation: "updateUserCredits"
     });
-    if ((credits.expiredHoldBacking ?? 0) > 0 && updates.balance !== void 0) {
-      writeExpiredHoldBacking(this.store, next, 0);
-    }
+    writeExpiredHoldBacking(
+      this.store,
+      next,
+      updates.balance !== void 0 ? 0 : Math.min(heldExpiredBacking(credits.balance, credits.expiredHoldBacking), next.balance)
+    );
     next.updatedAt = (/* @__PURE__ */ new Date()).toISOString();
     this.store.users.set(userId, next);
   }
@@ -1869,24 +2048,37 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
     if (!credits) {
       throw new Error(`User ${userId} not found`);
     }
-    if (input.balanceCap !== void 0 && !isFreeTier(credits.tier)) {
-      const capped = planBalanceCap(
+    let planned;
+    if (input.balance !== void 0) {
+      planned = planBalanceTarget(input.balance, credits.reserved, credits.bonusCredits);
+    } else if (input.balanceCap !== void 0 && !isFreeTier(credits.tier)) {
+      planned = planBalanceCap(
         credits.balance,
         input.balanceCap,
         credits.reserved,
         credits.bonusCredits,
         credits.expiredHoldBacking
       );
-      credits.balance = capped.balance;
-      writeExpiredHoldBacking(this.store, credits, capped.expiredHoldBacking);
     }
+    const journalLine = planned ? tierChangeJournalInput({
+      userId,
+      previousTier: credits.tier,
+      newTier: input.tier,
+      previousBalance: credits.balance,
+      newBalance: planned.balance,
+      bonusCredits: credits.bonusCredits
+    }) : null;
     credits.tier = input.tier;
     credits.monthlyLimit = input.monthlyLimit;
-    if (input.balance !== void 0) {
-      const planned = planBalanceTarget(input.balance, credits.reserved, credits.bonusCredits);
+    if (planned) {
       credits.balance = planned.balance;
       writeExpiredHoldBacking(this.store, credits, planned.expiredHoldBacking);
     }
+    writeExpiredHoldBacking(
+      this.store,
+      credits,
+      heldExpiredBacking(credits.balance, credits.expiredHoldBacking)
+    );
     if (input.monthlyUsed !== void 0) credits.monthlyUsed = input.monthlyUsed;
     if (input.subscriptionExpiresAt !== void 0) {
       if (input.subscriptionExpiresAt === null) {
@@ -1897,6 +2089,7 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
     }
     credits.updatedAt = (/* @__PURE__ */ new Date()).toISOString();
     this.store.users.set(userId, credits);
+    if (journalLine) this.recordJournalEntry(journalLine);
   }
   // ==================== Reservations ====================
   async createReservation(input) {
@@ -2048,6 +2241,11 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
       { userId, operation: "addCredits" }
     );
     credits.bonusCredits = nextBonusCredits;
+    writeExpiredHoldBacking(
+      this.store,
+      credits,
+      heldExpiredBacking(credits.balance, credits.expiredHoldBacking)
+    );
     credits.updatedAt = (/* @__PURE__ */ new Date()).toISOString();
     this.store.users.set(userId, credits);
     const transaction = this.recordTransaction({
@@ -2067,6 +2265,7 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
       userId,
       entryType: "credit",
       amount,
+      balanceBefore: previousTotal,
       balanceAfter: newTotal,
       source: payload.source,
       referenceId: transaction.id ?? paymentRef ?? "unknown",
@@ -2100,7 +2299,7 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
       });
     }
   }
-  async deductCreditsAtomic(userId, amount) {
+  async deductCreditsAtomic(userId, amount, journal) {
     assertValidCreditAmount(amount, { userId, operation: "deductCredits" });
     const credits = this.store.users.get(userId);
     if (!credits) {
@@ -2126,11 +2325,26 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
       { previousBalance, balance: nextBalance, bonusCredits: nextBonusCredits, newBalance },
       { userId, operation: "deductCredits" }
     );
+    const held = heldExpiredBacking(credits.balance, credits.expiredHoldBacking);
     credits.balance = nextBalance;
     credits.bonusCredits = nextBonusCredits;
+    writeExpiredHoldBacking(this.store, credits, held);
     credits.updatedAt = (/* @__PURE__ */ new Date()).toISOString();
     this.store.users.set(userId, credits);
-    return { previousBalance, newBalance };
+    if (!journal) return { previousBalance, newBalance };
+    const entry = this.recordJournalEntry({
+      userId,
+      entryType: "debit",
+      amount,
+      balanceBefore: previousBalance,
+      balanceAfter: newBalance,
+      source: journal.source ?? "operation_commit",
+      referenceId: journal.referenceId,
+      referenceType: journal.referenceType ?? "adjustment",
+      description: journal.description,
+      metadata: journal.metadata
+    });
+    return { previousBalance, newBalance, journalEntryId: entry.id };
   }
   // ==================== Transactions ====================
   async createTransaction(input) {
@@ -2244,6 +2458,11 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
     assertRepresentableAmount(input.balanceAfter, "journal balanceAfter", {
       userId: input.userId
     });
+    if (input.balanceBefore !== void 0) {
+      assertRepresentableAmount(input.balanceBefore, "journal balanceBefore", {
+        userId: input.userId
+      });
+    }
     assertValidIdempotencyKey(input.idempotencyKey, { userId: input.userId });
     assertPublicJournalKey(input.idempotencyKey, input.userId);
     const key = input.idempotencyKey !== void 0 ? scopedKey(input.userId, input.idempotencyKey) : void 0;
@@ -2259,6 +2478,7 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
       userId: input.userId,
       entryType: input.entryType,
       amount: input.amount,
+      ...input.balanceBefore !== void 0 ? { balanceBefore: input.balanceBefore } : {},
       balanceAfter: input.balanceAfter,
       source: input.source,
       referenceId: input.referenceId,
@@ -2411,6 +2631,7 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
         userId,
         entryType: change > 0 ? "credit" : "debit",
         amount: Math.abs(change),
+        balanceBefore: sumAmounts(previousBalance, credits.bonusCredits),
         balanceAfter,
         source: "monthly_reset",
         referenceId: `reset-${Date.now()}`,
@@ -2490,7 +2711,8 @@ var InMemoryCreditRepository = class {
       userId,
       entryType: "debit",
       amount: 0,
-      // No credits deducted, just tier change
+      // 0, however far the cap lowered the balance: the totals record the move
+      balanceBefore: sumAmounts(previousBalance, credits.bonusCredits),
       balanceAfter,
       source: "subscription_downgrade",
       referenceId: `downgrade-${Date.now()}`,
@@ -2653,7 +2875,8 @@ var CreditsService = class {
           userId,
           entryType: "debit",
           amount: 0,
-          // No credits deducted, just tier change
+          // 0, however far the cap lowered the balance: the totals record the move
+          balanceBefore: sumAmounts(data.balance, data.bonusCredits),
           // The ledger balance, matching every other journal writer: the V2
           // transitions and add/deduct all record `balance + bonusCredits`, so
           // recording `balance` alone made the audit trail disagree with itself
@@ -2697,6 +2920,7 @@ var CreditsService = class {
             userId,
             entryType: balanceChange > 0 ? "credit" : "debit",
             amount: Math.abs(balanceChange),
+            balanceBefore: sumAmounts(data.balance, data.bonusCredits),
             balanceAfter: sumAmounts(
               resetResult.credits.balance,
               resetResult.credits.bonusCredits
@@ -2931,9 +3155,18 @@ var CreditsService = class {
    */
   async deductCredits(userId, amount, options) {
     assertValidCreditAmount(amount, { userId, operation: "deductCredits" });
+    const operationType = options?.operationType;
+    const journal = {
+      referenceId: options?.requestId ?? `deduct-${Date.now()}`,
+      description: operationType ? `Deducted ${amount} credits for ${getOperationLabel(operationType)}` : `Deducted ${amount} credits`,
+      metadata: {
+        ...options?.metadata,
+        ...operationType && { operationType }
+      }
+    };
     let deduction;
     try {
-      deduction = await this.repository.deductCreditsAtomic(userId, amount);
+      deduction = await this.repository.deductCreditsAtomic(userId, amount, journal);
     } catch (error) {
       if (isCreditError(error) && error.code === CreditErrorCode.INVALID_AMOUNT) throw error;
       const credits = await this.repository.getUserCredits(userId);
@@ -2949,21 +3182,18 @@ var CreditsService = class {
         shortfall: sumAmounts(amount, -available)
       };
     }
-    const operationType = options?.operationType;
-    await this.repository.createJournalEntry({
-      userId,
-      entryType: "debit",
-      amount,
-      balanceAfter: deduction.newBalance,
-      source: "operation_commit",
-      referenceId: options?.requestId ?? `deduct-${Date.now()}`,
-      referenceType: "adjustment",
-      description: operationType ? `Deducted ${amount} credits for ${getOperationLabel(operationType)}` : `Deducted ${amount} credits`,
-      metadata: {
-        ...options?.metadata,
-        ...operationType && { operationType }
-      }
-    });
+    if (deduction.journalEntryId === void 0) {
+      await this.repository.createJournalEntry({
+        userId,
+        entryType: "debit",
+        amount,
+        balanceBefore: deduction.previousBalance,
+        balanceAfter: deduction.newBalance,
+        source: "operation_commit",
+        referenceType: "adjustment",
+        ...journal
+      });
+    }
     if (operationType) {
       await this.logUsage({
         userId,
@@ -3037,7 +3267,8 @@ var CreditsService = class {
     ]);
     const historyEntries = entries.map((entry) => {
       const type = this.mapSourceToHistoryType(entry.source);
-      const creditsChange = entry.entryType === "credit" ? entry.amount : -entry.amount;
+      const signedAmount = entry.entryType === "credit" ? entry.amount : -entry.amount;
+      const creditsChange = entry.balanceBefore !== void 0 ? sumAmounts(entry.balanceAfter, -entry.balanceBefore) : signedAmount;
       return {
         id: entry.id,
         type,
@@ -3973,6 +4204,7 @@ export {
   CreditsSDKError,
   CreditsService,
   InMemoryCreditRepository,
+  NO_EXPIRED_BACKING_PREFIX,
   NetworkError,
   RESERVATION_STATUSES,
   RESERVED_JOURNAL_KEY_PREFIX,
@@ -3985,6 +4217,7 @@ export {
   UNLIMITED_BALANCE_SENTINEL,
   ValidationError,
   addCreditsThroughRepository,
+  allocateExpiredBacking,
   assertDirectStatusWriteAllowed,
   assertHoldPlaced,
   assertKnownReservationStatus,
@@ -4001,9 +4234,9 @@ export {
   assertValidStoredAmount,
   assertValidStoredAmountRaw,
   assertValidTierBalanceInput,
-  attributeExpiredBacking,
   backedBalanceFloor,
   calculateAvailableCredits,
+  canonicalAmount,
   cappedBalance,
   checkAndNotifyLowBalance,
   classifyDatabaseError,
@@ -4030,7 +4263,7 @@ export {
   createUnsupportedOperationError,
   createUserNotFoundError,
   describePaymentMismatch,
-  expiredHoldBackingPatch,
+  expiredBackingPatch,
   generateId,
   generateRequestId2 as generateRequestId,
   genericDeferred,
@@ -4056,6 +4289,9 @@ export {
   getValidOperationTypes,
   getValidTiers,
   hasPlacedHold,
+  heldExpiredBacking,
+  holdExpiredBacking,
+  holdPlacedAtAfter,
   initializeConfig,
   isCreditError,
   isCreditErrorMessage,
@@ -4081,6 +4317,7 @@ export {
   isWinningOutcome,
   loadConfigFromEnv,
   monthlyResetBalance,
+  multiplyAmount,
   noopDeferred,
   normalizePaymentRef,
   notifySubscriptionExpired,
@@ -4092,6 +4329,7 @@ export {
   planBalanceCap,
   planBalanceTarget,
   planHoldCommit,
+  recordedExpiredBacking,
   registerConfigProvider,
   registerNotificationHandler,
   releaseReservationWithJournal,
@@ -4102,13 +4340,17 @@ export {
   resetConfig,
   sameAmount,
   settleExpiredHoldBacking,
+  signupGrantJournalInput,
   spendableBalance,
+  storedAmountCeil,
+  storedAmountFloor,
   storedMonthlyLimit,
   sumAmounts,
   supportsCreditsV2,
   supportsIdempotentCredit,
   synchronousDeferred,
   terminalStatusOf,
+  tierChangeJournalInput,
   tierSchema,
   toCents,
   toClientUserCredits,