@mudraforge/statutory 2.4.1 → 2.5.0

package/okf/international_tax/cross_border_remittance_195/section.json

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "IT1961_SEC195",
+  "sectionCode": "195",
+  "aliases": [
+    "section 195",
+    "sec 195",
+    "cross border remittance",
+    "nri tds",
+    "non-resident withholding",
+    "dtaa",
+    "dtaa section 90",
+    "form 15ca",
+    "form 15cb",
+    "form 10f",
+    "trc",
+    "tax residency certificate",
+    "engineering analysis",
+    "saas royalty exemption"
+  ],
+  "governingStatute": "Income-tax Act, 1961 read with Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements (DTAA) under Section 90",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 195 of Income-tax Act, 1961 read with Section 90(2), Section 90(4), and Rule 37BB",
+  "successorStatute": "Income-tax Act, 2025 Section 393(2)",
+  "successorSection": "Section 393(2) of Income-tax Act, 2025",
+  "title": "Deduction of tax at source on foreign cross-border payments to non-residents, DTAA treaty benefits, documentation, Form 15CA/15CB, and cloud software exemption",
+  "effectivePeriod": {
+    "validFrom": "1962-04-01",
+    "validTo": "OPEN_ENDED",
+    "annualReset": "Annual Treaty & Rule 37BB Reporting Compliance",
+    "sunsetNotes": "Continues under Section 393(2) of the Income-tax Act, 2025."
+  },
+  "plainTextSummary": "Section 195 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 mandates that any person responsible for paying to a non-resident or foreign company any sum chargeable under the provisions of the Act must deduct income tax at source at the rates in force. Under Section 90(2), the provisions of the domestic Act or the Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA), whichever is more beneficial to the assessee, shall apply. To avail of beneficial treaty rates (typically 10%–15% for Royalties or Fees for Technical Services vs. domestic 20% + surcharge/cess), the non-resident must furnish: (1) Tax Residency Certificate (TRC) under Section 90(4), (2) Form 10F electronically filed under Rule 21AB, and (3) a No-Permanent Establishment (No-PE) and Beneficial Ownership declaration under Article 5 and Article 7. Crucially for modern technology enterprise finance, the Supreme Court of India in Engineering Analysis Centre of Excellence v. CIT (2021) established that payments by Indian resident end-users or distributors for standard off-the-shelf software or automated cloud SaaS infrastructure do not constitute royalties under Article 12 of DTAAs. Rule 37BB mandates electronic filing of Form 15CA (and Form 15CB Chartered Accountant certificate where remittance exceeds ₹5 Lakh and is chargeable to tax) prior to authorized dealer bank remittance.",
+  "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
+    "domesticDefaultWithholdingRatePercent": 20,
+    "treatyBeneficialProvision": "Section 90(2): Taxpayer entitled to lower rate between domestic IT Act and bilateral DTAA treaty",
+    "mandatoryTreatyDocumentation": [
+      "Tax Residency Certificate (TRC) issued by foreign government authority under Section 90(4)",
+      "Form 10F electronically verified on IT portal under Rule 21AB",
+      "No-PE and Beneficial Ownership Declaration under Article 5 & Article 7"
+    ],
+    "rule37bbBankingGate": "Bank cannot remit funds abroad without valid Form 15CA acknowledgement and Form 15CB CA certification (for taxable payments > ₹5,00,000)",
+    "supremeCourtEngineeringAnalysisDoctrine": "Payments for standardized automated cloud infrastructure, hosting, and off-the-shelf SaaS subscriptions are business profits under Article 7 and NOT royalties; exempt from withholding in the absence of a Permanent Establishment",
+    "surchargeAndCessRule": "Health & Education Cess (4%) and applicable Surcharge apply on domestic Act rates, but DO NOT apply when deducting at DTAA treaty rates unless treaty explicitly provides otherwise"
+  },
+  "officialCitations": [
+    {
+      "authority": "Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)",
+      "instrument": "Income-tax Act, 1961 (Act No. 43 of 1961)",
+      "subject": "Section 195: Other sums & Section 90: Agreement with foreign countries or specified territories",
+      "officialUrl": "https://incometaxindia.gov.in"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Supreme Court of India",
+      "instrument": "Civil Appeal Nos. 8733-8734 of 2018 (Engineering Analysis Centre of Excellence Pvt Ltd v. CIT)",
+      "subject": "Landmark ruling on characterization of software and SaaS payments under DTAA",
+      "officialUrl": "https://main.sci.gov.in"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)",
+      "instrument": "Notification No. 03/2022 / F.No. 370142/14/2022-TPL dated 16 July 2022 & Circular 03/2023",
+      "subject": "Electronic filing of Form 10F by non-residents not having PAN",
+      "officialUrl": "https://incometaxindia.gov.in"
+    }
+  ],
+  "requiredDocumentChecklist": [
+    "Tax Residency Certificate (TRC) valid for the relevant fiscal year from foreign jurisdiction",
+    "Form 10F generated and verified through Income Tax e-filing portal",
+    "No-Permanent Establishment (No-PE) and Beneficial Ownership declaration on vendor letterhead",
+    "Underlying Master Services Agreement (MSA) / End User License Agreement (EULA) confirming SaaS / service nature",
+    "Form 15CB certificate issued by an independent Chartered Accountant in practice",
+    "Form 15CA acknowledgment submitted to Authorized Dealer Category-I bank"
+  ],
+  "tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
+  "version": "2.4.0"
+}

package/okf/manifest.json

@@ -1,39 +1,59 @@
 {
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-  "publishedAt": "2026-10-22T20:00:33.899Z",
-  "rootHash": "sha256-96089fe2835d0b9493293a1e5205e0b6b46f16771c9380d1f571969b453ba80d",
-  "totalSections": 8,
-  "totalFiles": 26,
-  "changelog": "Restructured into domain hierarchy with statutory circulars, official notifications, and compliance forms/checklists.",
+  "okfVersion": "2.6.0",
+  "publishedAt": "2026-10-24T20:28:43.028Z",
+  "rootHash": "sha256-c32be389bfb82a52ffc40670b74103216c45f3b284c66d2b0020097eb36a25f9",
+  "totalSections": 18,
+  "totalFiles": 59,
+  "changelog": "Expanded statutory commons with foundational AP provisions: Section 194C (Contractors), Section 194I (Rent), and Section 194H (Commission & Brokerage).",
   "domains": {
     "corporate_ma_restructuring": [
       "50B"
     ],
     "direct_tax": [
       "206C(1H)",
+      "194H",
+      "194C",
       "194Q",
-      "194J",
-      "393"
+      "393",
+      "194I",
+      "194J"
     ],
     "indirect_tax_gst": [
-      "17(5)"
+      "17(5)",
+      "8",
+      "16(2)",
+      "9(3)"
     ],
     "international_tax": [
+      "195",
       "IRC-901-904"
     ],
     "msme_commercial": [
-      "MSMED-15-16"
+      "MSMED-15-16",
+      "MSMED-SEC-7",
+      "MCA-MSME-1",
+      "MSMED-SEC-22"
     ]
   },
   "sections": [
     "50B",
     "206C(1H)",
+    "194H",
+    "194C",
     "194Q",
+    "393",
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     "17(5)",
+    "8",
+    "16(2)",
+    "9(3)",
+    "195",
     "IRC-901-904",
     "MSMED-15-16",
-    "393"
+    "MSMED-SEC-7",
+    "MCA-MSME-1",
+    "MSMED-SEC-22"
   ],
   "files": {
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@@ -43,17 +63,41 @@
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+    "direct_tax/tds_commission_194h/circulars/finance_act_2024_rate_cut_memo.md": "b4137a9b647b9f5b2aa7c13dd154c8523f85b7d9cc77cbf157fc220cc79c8888",
+    "direct_tax/tds_commission_194h/forms/form_26q_quarterly_return.json": "bbbff2b82c5b911d03cdb33d3b6c73d080b093fb62f512429542c2cae98857b5",
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+    "direct_tax/tds_contractor_194c/forms/transporter_194c_declaration.json": "1582a358ee1e15767dd9dc000f3ca9a9780df9cbedf6012a9d3baad0f009149b",
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+    "direct_tax/tds_goods_393/section.json": "f0ef5201aae6b158180abf33b688a696e6c1c77f5604491f7059878f407dd714",
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+    "indirect_tax_gst/composite_mixed_supplies_sec8/circulars/cbic_circular_47_2018_composite_mixed_supplies.md": "2b2391b90743fa99e7326a66a1cd0f3a84757262846b858556a5d88b39e8a7ba",
+    "indirect_tax_gst/composite_mixed_supplies_sec8/forms/composite_mixed_supply_assessment_matrix.json": "18a33182fd26b74c1dc18a0138e67ba671004f642ea131abc668c60c7f0f9555",
+    "indirect_tax_gst/composite_mixed_supplies_sec8/section.json": "b357f4fc8b06149b38ac3d564fffdec1aa0e7a8cbfef97d26ddbf8b5693f3e3b",
+    "indirect_tax_gst/itc_eligibility_16_2/circulars/cbic_circular_170_2022_itc_reporting.md": "bd57657e97a3998e2f6f419d4b0a63370f68f9e9bc6169c092c48fd69076f48e",
+    "indirect_tax_gst/itc_eligibility_16_2/forms/gstr_3b_table_4_itc_reversal.json": "65406aaa7414ad07a81ae32ac9d8858965229d396d3b574412293dacda718ce6",
+    "indirect_tax_gst/itc_eligibility_16_2/section.json": "d9c57f0a32c4ea0c3d944d722d06b4074e70ff184ed411e125ff9679868afed3",
+    "indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/circulars/cbic_circular_102_2019_rcm_clarifications.md": "164934a3b509fe0f85eaa4365fa7eb18c7b05c3991f134e556589f3f8a4f2e28",
+    "indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/forms/rcm_self_invoice_payment_voucher.json": "5b0b6cd1ca9e08083d060245963da9d271e81ecdf77fd8d0af9749cb49ed06f0",
+    "indirect_tax_gst/rcm_liability_sec9_3/section.json": "21734a8d51388aaf60bdcc17b48db48b6243882fadb1175e218ad274eb4b592f",
+    "international_tax/cross_border_remittance_195/circulars/cbdt_circular_03_2022_form10f_electronic.md": "9ec736d24d617c1bcacf867fa97e43b14e1233225c6bb0db182988b5db1c7faf",
+    "international_tax/cross_border_remittance_195/circulars/supreme_court_engineering_analysis_doctrine.md": "6767a7a8d2bd9c680ff15a48bdacb3171ff1c14ba210288a2430af3a5dc45118",
+    "international_tax/cross_border_remittance_195/forms/form_15ca_15cb_compliance_checklist.json": "58a71629120c0f7bc6c907dae11970750e99c5ad4097df046af6350d15e6c7cf",
+    "international_tax/cross_border_remittance_195/section.json": "a17ea0e032ce293399ecc5ad67ff560338b39a1178503ec06cfeb8e859c68a54",
     "international_tax/foreign_tax_credit_irc_901_904/forms/form_67_statement_of_foreign_tax.json": "05f8fb5b2765a23e53e6f9c38be1a89ed817abdfdbbe78ac0c361b9976959e2d",
     "international_tax/foreign_tax_credit_irc_901_904/forms/irs_schedule_k3_reporting.json": "f2672f3870427338f37d408daba17c870230eab3f9dcb6eb2f14de2b4141f1fb",
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@@ -61,6 +105,15 @@
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     "msme_commercial/delayed_payments_15_16/forms/udyam_registration_verification.json": "3da5d248a8fae5ed74af21149dd5922ddd18a9e3e1378ef69925e5beda09ebe6",
     "msme_commercial/delayed_payments_15_16/section.json": "53502a97a535c99cf7aa65ac2e5e5665f889bad691ee51efb7d49134a6e82e7e",
-    "direct_tax/tds_goods_393/section.json": "f0ef5201aae6b158180abf33b688a696e6c1c77f5604491f7059878f407dd714"
+    "msme_commercial/enterprise_classification_sec7/circulars/msme_notification_2119_e_composite_criteria.md": "609cb707309ba64adb4773b5c179bc97724cf2decf3b9e39c0e3a116f0f81eff",
+    "msme_commercial/enterprise_classification_sec7/forms/udyam_composite_calculation_worksheet.json": "7bc3a3b4823c8024375096b2c4348c7e2c95041cf44bdc00b3de34f1c460149e",
+    "msme_commercial/enterprise_classification_sec7/section.json": "8a9f04596338859e2be7728badd933b2d22f781f5e0ce1122270bee1711d20d8",
+    "msme_commercial/mca_msme_1_filing/circulars/mca_order_2019_specified_companies.md": "518caec1a8d5c7355382f88301d94b37d7093e1e9956ab52a6226fe553954ffe",
+    "msme_commercial/mca_msme_1_filing/forms/form_msme_1_half_yearly_return.json": "08ecc92ba79e534291d75d67fa651eb6cd69fe404a0dee00820fcb45263b0321",
+    "msme_commercial/mca_msme_1_filing/section.json": "af126389a4af098a6464c80603f321eeb0ff94f1a25d6e8759b4afc370afd6e2",
+    "msme_commercial/statutory_disclosures_sec22/circulars/icai_guidance_note_schedule_iii_trade_payables.md": "d74ac5c4e9c646f8550f6ff80c36a86e8fa8d052f612ce6b19c64705739f836d",
+    "msme_commercial/statutory_disclosures_sec22/forms/schedule_iii_msme_aging_table.json": "734ccd8bc1cdc0fb3b9fd77d71aed0b0f52e0595eccfb92fd1174fd8a5ec4852",
+    "msme_commercial/statutory_disclosures_sec22/forms/section_23_tax_addback_schedule.json": "17ae831291dba6b5b16369523b28b489451b3847825a90ff6e574f322ec8c3de",
+    "msme_commercial/statutory_disclosures_sec22/section.json": "ab2fc873dcbddcf9c08ce3185e72a64f1ebe322241cb7f1e2f2a3e51ddcbb5c1"
   }
-}
+}

package/okf/msme_commercial/enterprise_classification_sec7/circulars/msme_notification_2119_e_composite_criteria.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+id: msme_notification_2119_e_composite_criteria
+title: Ministry of MSME Notification S.O. 2119(E) dated 26 June 2020: Composite Criteria for Classification
+authority: Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
+date: 2020-06-26
+statutory_section: Section 7 of MSMED Act, 2006
+valid_from: 2020-07-01
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://udyamregistration.gov.in
+---
+
+# Ministry of MSME Notification S.O. 2119(E) dated 26 June 2020
+
+## 1. Statutory Context & New Definition Framework
+Effective 1st July 2020, the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises superseded prior criteria to establish a unified, composite classification framework across manufacturing and service sectors.
+
+## 2. Composite Criteria of Investment and Turnover
+An enterprise shall be classified as a micro, small or medium enterprise on the basis of the following criteria:
+- **(i) Micro Enterprise**: Investment in plant and machinery or equipment does not exceed ₹1 Crore AND turnover does not exceed ₹5 Crore;
+- **(ii) Small Enterprise**: Investment in plant and machinery or equipment does not exceed ₹10 Crore AND turnover does not exceed ₹50 Crore;
+- **(iii) Medium Enterprise**: Investment in plant and machinery or equipment does not exceed ₹50 Crore AND turnover does not exceed ₹250 Crore.
+
+## 3. The Composite Principle
+1. A composite criterion of investment and turnover shall apply for classification of an enterprise as micro, small or medium.
+2. If an enterprise crosses the ceiling limits specified for its present category in either of the two criteria of investment or turnover, it will cease to exist in that category and be placed in the next higher category.
+3. No enterprise shall be placed in the lower category unless it goes below the ceiling limits specified for its present category in both the criteria of investment as well as turnover.
+
+## 4. Exclusion of Exports from Turnover
+Paragraph 4 of Notification 2119(E) provides:
+*"Exports of goods or services or both shall be excluded while calculating the turnover of any enterprise whether micro, small or medium, for the purposes of classification."*
+
+The turnover of an enterprise is determined by taking the total turnover from the Income-tax Return or GST returns and deducting export turnover reported under zero-rated supplies.
+
+## 5. Calculation of Investment in Plant and Machinery
+1. Calculation of investment in plant and machinery or equipment is linked to the Income Tax Return (ITR) of the previous year filed under the Income-tax Act, 1961.
+2. The purchase value of plant and machinery or equipment is taken as the Written Down Value (WDV) at the end of the year, excluding the cost of land and building, as well as expenditure incurred on pollution control equipment, research and development, and safety equipment.

package/okf/msme_commercial/enterprise_classification_sec7/forms/udyam_composite_calculation_worksheet.json

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{
+  "formCode": "UDYAM_COMPOSITE_CALCULATION",
+  "title": "MSME Composite Criteria Classification & Export Turnover Carve-Out Worksheet",
+  "statutoryBasis": "Section 7 of MSMED Act, 2006 read with Notification S.O. 2119(E)",
+  "schema": {
+    "enterpriseName": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "required": true
+    },
+    "pan": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]{1}$",
+      "required": true
+    },
+    "financialYear": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^20[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}$",
+      "required": true
+    },
+    "investmentComputation": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": true,
+      "properties": {
+        "grossPlantAndMachineryWdvInr": { "type": "number", "required": true },
+        "lessPollutionControlEquipmentInr": { "type": "number", "required": true },
+        "lessRandDEquipmentInr": { "type": "number", "required": true },
+        "netQualifyingInvestmentInr": { "type": "number", "required": true }
+      }
+    },
+    "turnoverComputation": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "required": true,
+      "properties": {
+        "grossTotalTurnoverInr": { "type": "number", "required": true },
+        "lessExportOfGoodsTurnoverInr": { "type": "number", "required": true },
+        "lessExportOfServicesTurnoverInr": { "type": "number", "required": true },
+        "netQualifyingTurnoverInr": { "type": "number", "required": true }
+      }
+    },
+    "statutoryClassificationResult": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["MICRO", "SMALL", "MEDIUM", "EXCEEDS_MSME_LIMITS"],
+      "required": true
+    }
+  }
+}

package/okf/msme_commercial/enterprise_classification_sec7/section.json

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "MSMED2006_SEC7_CLASSIFICATION",
+  "sectionCode": "MSMED-SEC-7",
+  "aliases": [
+    "section 7",
+    "sec 7",
+    "msme classification",
+    "composite criteria",
+    "udyam classification",
+    "export turnover exclusion",
+    "micro small medium threshold",
+    "investment in plant and machinery"
+  ],
+  "governingStatute": "Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 read with Ministry of MSME Notification S.O. 2119(E)",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 7 of MSMED Act, 2006",
+  "title": "Composite criteria for classification of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, investment calculations, and statutory exclusion of export turnover",
+  "effectivePeriod": {
+    "validFrom": "2020-07-01",
+    "validTo": "OPEN_ENDED",
+    "annualReset": "Annual Classification Re-evaluation on July 1 based on ITR and GST Filings"
+  },
+  "plainTextSummary": "Under Section 7 of the MSMED Act, 2006 read with Ministry of MSME Notification S.O. 2119(E) dated 26 June 2020, an enterprise is classified under composite criteria evaluating both Investment in Plant & Machinery/Equipment and Annual Turnover. The thresholds are: (1) Micro: Investment not exceeding ₹1 Crore AND Turnover not exceeding ₹5 Crore; (2) Small: Investment not exceeding ₹10 Crore AND Turnover not exceeding ₹50 Crore; (3) Medium: Investment not exceeding ₹50 Crore AND Turnover not exceeding ₹250 Crore. If an enterprise crosses the ceiling limits for its present category in either of the two criteria, it ceases to exist in that category and graduates to the next higher category. Crucially for corporate finance, Paragraph 4 of Notification 2119(E) dictates that Exports of goods or services or both shall be strictly excluded while calculating the turnover of any enterprise for classification purposes.",
+  "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
+    "microLimits": {
+      "maxInvestmentInPlantAndMachineryInr": 10000000,
+      "maxTurnoverExcludingExportsInr": 50000000
+    },
+    "smallLimits": {
+      "maxInvestmentInPlantAndMachineryInr": 100000000,
+      "maxTurnoverExcludingExportsInr": 500000000
+    },
+    "mediumLimits": {
+      "maxInvestmentInPlantAndMachineryInr": 500000000,
+      "maxTurnoverExcludingExportsInr": 2500000000
+    },
+    "compositePrinciple": "Both investment and turnover criteria must be satisfied simultaneously; crossing either moves entity to next higher category",
+    "exportTurnoverExclusionRule": "Exports of goods or services or both are completely excluded from qualifying turnover under Paragraph 4 of Notification 2119(E)",
+    "investmentComputationBasis": "Written Down Value (WDV) at the end of the year as per Income-tax return, excluding cost of pollution control, R&D, and safety devices",
+    "graduationTransitionRule": "In case of upward graduation, entity retains prevailing status for 1 year from the close of the financial year of transition"
+  },
+  "officialCitations": [
+    {
+      "authority": "Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises",
+      "instrument": "Notification S.O. 2119(E) dated 26 June 2020",
+      "subject": "Criteria for classification of micro, small and medium enterprises and registration process",
+      "officialUrl": "https://udyamregistration.gov.in"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Ministry of Law and Justice",
+      "instrument": "Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (Act No. 27 of 2006)",
+      "subject": "Section 7: Classification of enterprises",
+      "officialUrl": "https://msme.gov.in"
+    }
+  ],
+  "requiredDocumentChecklist": [
+    "Udyam Registration Certificate with dynamic QR code",
+    "Audited Balance Sheet showing Written Down Value (WDV) of Plant & Machinery",
+    "Income Tax Return (ITR) depreciation schedule (Schedule DPM/DOA)",
+    "GST Returns (GSTR-1 and GSTR-3B) with explicit export turnover segregation (Zero-rated supplies / Table 6A)",
+    "Chartered Accountant certificate certifying eligible deductions from gross turnover (Exports) and plant investment (Pollution control/R&D)"
+  ],
+  "tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
+  "version": "2.4.0"
+}

package/okf/msme_commercial/mca_msme_1_filing/circulars/mca_order_2019_specified_companies.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+id: mca_order_2019_specified_companies
+title: Specified Companies Furnishing of Information about Payment to Micro and Small Enterprise Suppliers Order 2019
+authority: Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)
+date: 2019-01-22
+statutory_section: Section 405 of Companies Act, 2013
+valid_from: 2019-01-22
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://www.mca.gov.in
+---
+
+# MCA Order S.O. 368(E) dated 22 January 2019: Half-Yearly Form MSME-1
+
+## 1. Statutory Context & Legislative Intent
+Under Section 405 of the Companies Act, 2013, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs notified the *Specified Companies (Furnishing of information about payment to micro and small enterprise suppliers) Order, 2019* on 22nd January 2019. 
+
+The order mandates all "specified companies" to report amounts remaining unpaid to micro and small enterprises exceeding 45 days from the date of acceptance or deemed acceptance.
+
+## 2. Definition of "Specified Company"
+A "specified company" is defined as any company registered under the Companies Act, 2013 (or previous company law) that:
+1. Gets supplies of goods or services from micro and small enterprises; and
+2. Whose payments to such suppliers exceed forty-five (45) days from the date of acceptance or the date of deemed acceptance of the goods or services.
+
+## 3. Mandatory Reporting Frequency & Statutory Due Dates
+Form MSME-1 must be filed electronically on the MCA portal twice every financial year:
+- **Half-Year 1 (April to September)**: Filing deadline is strictly **31st October**.
+- **Half-Year 2 (October to March)**: Filing deadline is strictly **30th April**.
+
+## 4. Key Mandatory Disclosures in e-Form MSME-1
+1. Total amount outstanding to micro and small enterprises for more than 45 days as on the end of the half-year.
+2. Line-item particulars of each defaulting transaction:
+   - Name of supplier.
+   - Permanent Account Number (PAN) of supplier.
+   - Date from which the amount is due.
+   - Exact amount due.
+   - Specific, substantiated reason for delay in payment.
+
+## 5. Penalties for Default
+Under Section 405(4) of the Companies Act, 2013:
+- The company is liable to a penalty of ₹20,000, and in case of continuing failure, a further penalty of ₹1,000 for each day after the first, subject to a maximum of ₹3,00,000.
+- Every officer of the company who is in default is liable to a penalty of ₹20,000, with a continuing penalty of ₹1,000 per day subject to a maximum of ₹3,00,000.

package/okf/msme_commercial/mca_msme_1_filing/forms/form_msme_1_half_yearly_return.json

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+{
+  "formCode": "FORM_MSME_1",
+  "title": "Form MSME-1: Half-Yearly Return with Registrar of Companies in respect of outstanding dues to Micro or Small Enterprise Suppliers",
+  "statutoryBasis": "Section 405 of Companies Act, 2013 read with Specified Companies Order, 2019",
+  "authority": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)",
+  "reportingPeriodFrequency": "HALF_YEARLY",
+  "filingDeadlines": {
+    "halfYear1": {
+      "period": "April 1 to September 30",
+      "dueDate": "October 31"
+    },
+    "halfYear2": {
+      "period": "October 1 to March 31",
+      "dueDate": "April 30"
+    }
+  },
+  "fields": {
+    "corporateIdentificationNumber": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^[UL][0-9]{5}[A-Z]{2}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]{3}[0-9]{6}$",
+      "required": true,
+      "description": "21-character CIN of reporting company"
+    },
+    "reportingHalfYear": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "enum": ["OCTOBER_TO_MARCH", "APRIL_TO_SEPTEMBER"],
+      "required": true
+    },
+    "financialYear": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "pattern": "^20[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}$",
+      "required": true
+    },
+    "totalOutstandingOverdueInr": {
+      "type": "number",
+      "required": true,
+      "description": "Aggregate amount of principal remaining unpaid exceeding 45 days"
+    },
+    "overdueSupplierEntries": {
+      "type": "array",
+      "required": true,
+      "items": {
+        "supplierPan": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "pattern": "^[A-Z]{5}[0-9]{4}[A-Z]{1}$",
+          "required": true
+        },
+        "supplierName": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "required": true
+        },
+        "udyamRegistrationNumber": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "pattern": "^UDYAM-[A-Z]{2}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{7}$",
+          "required": true
+        },
+        "invoiceNumber": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "required": true
+        },
+        "invoiceDate": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "format": "date",
+          "required": true
+        },
+        "dueDate": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "format": "date",
+          "required": true
+        },
+        "outstandingAmountInr": {
+          "type": "number",
+          "required": true
+        },
+        "delayReasonCode": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "enum": [
+            "COMMERCIAL_DISPUTE_SUB_JUDICE",
+            "DEFECTIVE_GOODS_SERVICES_NOTICED",
+            "DOCUMENTATION_RECONCILIATION_PENDING",
+            "BUYER_LIQUIDITY_DELAY",
+            "OTHER"
+          ],
+          "required": true
+        },
+        "reasonDescription": {
+          "type": "string",
+          "required": true
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

package/okf/msme_commercial/mca_msme_1_filing/section.json

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+{
+  "sectionId": "MCA2013_SEC405_MSME1",
+  "sectionCode": "MCA-MSME-1",
+  "aliases": [
+    "msme-1",
+    "msme 1",
+    "form msme-1",
+    "form msme 1",
+    "mca msme",
+    "section 405",
+    "specified companies order",
+    "half-yearly msme return",
+    "45 days mca return"
+  ],
+  "governingStatute": "Companies Act, 2013 read with Specified Companies (Furnishing of information about payment to micro and small enterprise suppliers) Order, 2019",
+  "statutorySection": "Section 405 of Companies Act, 2013",
+  "title": "Mandatory half-yearly reporting of outstanding dues exceeding 45 days to Micro & Small Enterprises (Form MSME-1)",
+  "effectivePeriod": {
+    "validFrom": "2019-01-22",
+    "validTo": "OPEN_ENDED",
+    "annualReset": "Half-Yearly Reporting Cycles (April 30 & October 31)"
+  },
+  "plainTextSummary": "Under Section 405 of the Companies Act, 2013 and the Specified Companies Order, 2019, every specified company that receives supplies of goods or services from Micro or Small enterprises and has payments outstanding for more than 45 days from the date of acceptance (or deemed acceptance) must file Form MSME-1 with the Registrar of Companies (ROC). The return is due half-yearly: for the April-September period by October 31, and for the October-March period by April 30. Form MSME-1 requires detailed line-by-line disclosures including supplier PAN, name, date from which payment is due, amount outstanding, and the specific justifiable reason for non-payment. Failure to furnish this information or providing false information attracts penal liabilities under Section 405(4) of the Companies Act, 2013.",
+  "keyStatutoryThresholds": {
+    "overdueTriggerDays": 45,
+    "filingFrequency": "Half-Yearly (Every 6 months)",
+    "halfYear1Period": "April 1 to September 30 (Filing Due Date: October 31)",
+    "halfYear2Period": "October 1 to March 31 (Filing Due Date: April 30)",
+    "applicableEntities": "All Companies registered under Companies Act, 2013 with overdue trade payables to Micro/Small enterprises > 45 days",
+    "penalProvisions": "Section 405(4): Company liable to penalty of ₹20,000, continuing penalty ₹1,000/day up to ₹3,00,000; Officer in default liable to penalty up to ₹3,00,000",
+    "traderExclusion": "Traders (NIC 45/46/47) excluded from Chapter V protection do not trigger Form MSME-1 45-day overdue reporting"
+  },
+  "officialCitations": [
+    {
+      "authority": "Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)",
+      "instrument": "Specified Companies (Furnishing of information about payment to micro and small enterprise suppliers) Order, 2019 (S.O. 368(E))",
+      "subject": "Mandatory filing of Form MSME-1 by specified companies",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.mca.gov.in"
+    },
+    {
+      "authority": "Ministry of Law and Justice",
+      "instrument": "Companies Act, 2013 (Act No. 18 of 2013)",
+      "subject": "Section 405: Power of Central Government to direct companies to furnish information or statistics",
+      "officialUrl": "https://www.mca.gov.in"
+    }
+  ],
+  "requiredDocumentChecklist": [
+    "Accounts Payable aging schedule segregated by Micro and Small enterprises",
+    "Supplier Udyam Registration number and enterprise category verification",
+    "Written purchase contracts establishing agreed payment terms (capped at 45 days)",
+    "Invoices and Goods Receipt Notes (GRN) establishing acceptance dates",
+    "Formal dispute communications lodged within 15 days of delivery (if payment is withheld due to defect)"
+  ],
+  "tier": "PUBLIC_COMMONS_FREE",
+  "version": "2.4.0"
+}

package/okf/msme_commercial/statutory_disclosures_sec22/circulars/icai_guidance_note_schedule_iii_trade_payables.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+id: icai_guidance_note_schedule_iii_trade_payables
+title: ICAI Guidance Note on Schedule III Trade Payables Aging and Section 22 MSMED Disclosures
+authority: Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI)
+date: 2022-01-15
+statutory_section: Section 22 and Section 23 of MSMED Act, 2006 read with Schedule III of Companies Act, 2013
+valid_from: 2021-04-01
+valid_to: OPEN_ENDED
+temporal_status: ACTIVE
+official_url: https://www.icai.org
+---
+
+# ICAI Guidance Note: Trade Payables Aging & MSMED Statutory Reporting
+
+## 1. Statutory Foundation & Reporting Framework
+Pursuant to MCA Notification G.S.R. 207(E) dated 24th March 2021, Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 mandates an explicit Trade Payables Aging Schedule in the financial statements for financial years commencing on or after 1st April 2021.
+
+This requirement operates alongside Section 22 of the MSMED Act, 2006, which prescribes five quantitative disclosures in the Notes to Accounts for every entity undergoing statutory audit.
+
+## 2. Schedule III Aging Presentation Requirements
+Trade Payables must be sub-classified into:
+1. **MSME Dues - Undisputed**:
+   - Outstanding for: Less than 1 year, 1–2 years, 2–3 years, More than 3 years.
+2. **MSME Dues - Disputed**:
+   - Outstanding for: Less than 1 year, 1–2 years, 2–3 years, More than 3 years.
+3. **Others (Non-MSME) - Undisputed & Disputed**.
+4. **Unbilled Dues**: Separately disclosed in the notes.
+
+Where dues are outstanding from the date of the invoice (or date of payment due), the aging must strictly be calculated from the due date of payment or transaction date if no due date is specified.
+
+## 3. The Five Mandatory Section 22 Notes to Accounts
+Under Section 22 of the MSMED Act, 2006, the audited financial statements must disclose:
+- *(a)* The principal amount and the interest due thereon (to be shown separately) remaining unpaid to any supplier as at the end of each accounting year;
+- *(b)* The amount of interest paid by the buyer in terms of Section 16, along with the amount of the payment made to the supplier beyond the appointed day during each accounting year;
+- *(c)* The amount of interest due and payable for the period of delay in making payment (which have been paid but beyond the appointed day during the year) but without adding the interest specified under this Act;
+- *(d)* The amount of interest accrued and remaining unpaid at the end of each accounting year; and
+- *(e)* The amount of further interest remaining due and payable even in the succeeding years, until such date when the interest dues as above are actually paid to the small enterprise.
+
+## 4. Book vs. Tax Treatment: Section 23 Disallowance
+Section 23 of the MSMED Act states: *"Notwithstanding anything contained in the Income-tax Act, 1961, the amount of interest payable or paid by any buyer, under or in accordance with the provisions of this Act, shall not, for the purposes of computation of income under Income-tax Act, be allowed as deduction."*
+
+Accordingly, any compound interest computed under Section 16 and debited to the Profit & Loss Account must be added back in the computation of total income in the entity's income tax return (ITR-6).