@mudraforge/statutory 2.12.1 → 2.13.0

package/src/usvm/evaluation_vm.js

@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+/**
+ * ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+ * MUDRAFORGE UNIVERSAL STATUTORY VIRTUAL MACHINE (USVM) - EVALUATION KERNEL
+ * ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+ *
+ * Implements the stateless evaluation kernel for declarative statutory AST packages.
+ * Evaluates predicates, triggers, thresholds, rational math, and dual-Act regimes
+ * with sub-microsecond latency and zero external dependencies.
+ *
+ * Specification: RFC-009 (Revision 2.1)
+ */
+
+import { validateStatutoryAst } from './schemas/statutory_ast_schema.js';
+import {
+    toBigIntPaise,
+    fromBigIntPaise,
+    multiplyRational,
+    quantizeCurrencyPaisa,
+    roundStatutoryAssessment
+} from './math_rational.js';
+import {
+    evaluateMsmeDelayedPaymentCompoundInterest,
+    evaluateSection43bHFiscalBoundary,
+    evaluateMsmeEnterpriseClassification,
+    evaluateGstRule37ProportionalReversal,
+    evaluateGstRule37ASupplierNonFiling,
+    evaluateGstRule42CommonCreditApportionment,
+    evaluateCrossBorderDtaaMatrix,
+    evaluateTransferPricingPercentileAlp,
+    evaluateSection79VotingContinuity,
+    evaluateSection281VoidTransfer,
+    evaluateCorporateTaxMatVsConcessionalUsvm,
+    evaluateSalaryProgressiveTds,
+    evaluateNonFilerPenalRate206AB,
+    evaluateDeferredTaxIndAs12Usvm,
+    evaluateBlockedCreditSection17_5,
+    evaluateItcEligibilitySection16_2,
+    evaluateRcmLiabilitySection9_3,
+    evaluateCompositeMixedSuppliesSection8,
+    evaluateCompositionLevySection10,
+    evaluateCreditDebitNotesSection34,
+    evaluateExportLutSection16,
+    evaluateEInvoicingRule48_4,
+    evaluateEWayBillRule138,
+    evaluateGstTdsSection51,
+    evaluateMcaMsme1Aging,
+    evaluateMsmeDisclosuresSection22,
+    evaluateLeaseAmortizationIndAs116Usvm,
+    evaluateRevenueAllocationIndAs115Usvm,
+    evaluateProvisionsAndContingenciesIndAs37Usvm,
+    evaluateForeignExchangeRevaluationUsvm,
+    evaluateExpectedCreditLossIndAs109Usvm,
+    evaluateForeignTaxCreditRelief,
+    evaluateSlumpSaleSection50B,
+    evaluateBusinessCombinationsIndAs103Usvm,
+    evaluateImpairmentIndAs36Usvm,
+    evaluateShareBasedPaymentsIndAs102Usvm
+} from './usvm_domain_evaluators.js';
+
+/**
+ * Safely extracts a nested property using dot-separated notation.
+ */
+function getNestedValue(obj, path) {
+    if (!obj || !path) return undefined;
+    const parts = String(path).split('.');
+    let curr = obj;
+    for (const part of parts) {
+        if (curr === null || curr === undefined) return undefined;
+        curr = curr[part];
+    }
+    return curr;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Evaluates a typed comparison operator against fact value and target value.
+ */
+function evaluateOperator(factValue, operator, targetValue) {
+    switch (operator) {
+        case 'EQ':
+            return factValue === targetValue;
+        case 'NEQ':
+            return factValue !== targetValue;
+        case 'GT':
+            return factValue > targetValue;
+        case 'GTE':
+            return factValue >= targetValue;
+        case 'LT':
+            return factValue < targetValue;
+        case 'LTE':
+            return factValue <= targetValue;
+        case 'IN':
+            return Array.isArray(targetValue) && targetValue.includes(factValue);
+        case 'NOT_IN':
+            return Array.isArray(targetValue) && !targetValue.includes(factValue);
+        case 'IS_TRUE':
+            return Boolean(factValue) === true;
+        case 'IS_FALSE':
+            return Boolean(factValue) === false;
+        case 'EXISTS':
+            return factValue !== undefined && factValue !== null;
+        case 'NOT_EXISTS':
+            return factValue === undefined || factValue === null;
+        default:
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolves the statutory crystallization date and governing regime (1961 vs 2025 Act)
+ * based on the provision's trigger policy and transaction facts.
+ */
+export function resolveTemporalCrystallization(triggerPolicy, facts, cutoverDate = '2026-04-01') {
+    const creditDate = facts.creditDate || facts.temporalFacts?.bookCreditDate || null;
+    const paymentDate = facts.paymentDate || facts.temporalFacts?.paymentDate || null;
+    const transactionDate = facts.transactionDate || facts.temporalFacts?.transactionDate || null;
+
+    let crystallizedDate = null;
+    let crystallizationEvent = 'UNDETERMINED';
+    let isStraddling = false;
+
+    const policyType = triggerPolicy?.type || 'EARLIER_OF';
+
+    if (policyType === 'EARLIER_OF') {
+        if (creditDate && paymentDate) {
+            if (creditDate <= paymentDate) {
+                crystallizedDate = creditDate;
+                crystallizationEvent = 'BOOK_CREDIT';
+            } else {
+                crystallizedDate = paymentDate;
+                crystallizationEvent = 'PAYMENT_DISBURSEMENT';
+            }
+
+            const creditIsPre = creditDate < cutoverDate;
+            const paymentIsPre = paymentDate < cutoverDate;
+            if (creditIsPre !== paymentIsPre) {
+                isStraddling = true;
+            }
+        } else if (creditDate) {
+            crystallizedDate = creditDate;
+            crystallizationEvent = 'BOOK_CREDIT';
+        } else if (paymentDate) {
+            crystallizedDate = paymentDate;
+            crystallizationEvent = 'PAYMENT_DISBURSEMENT';
+        } else if (transactionDate) {
+            crystallizedDate = transactionDate;
+            crystallizationEvent = 'TRANSACTION_DATE';
+        }
+    } else if (policyType === 'PAYMENT_ONLY') {
+        crystallizedDate = paymentDate || transactionDate || null;
+        crystallizationEvent = 'PAYMENT_DISBURSEMENT';
+    } else {
+        crystallizedDate = transactionDate || creditDate || paymentDate || null;
+        crystallizationEvent = 'TRANSACTION_DATE';
+    }
+
+    const hasDate = Boolean(crystallizedDate);
+    const isAct2025 = hasDate ? crystallizedDate >= cutoverDate : false;
+    const governingRegime = hasDate ? (isAct2025 ? 'ACT_2025' : 'ACT_1961') : 'INDETERMINATE_PENDING_TRANSACTION_DATE';
+
+    return {
+        crystallizedDate,
+        crystallizationEvent,
+        isAct2025,
+        governingRegime,
+        isStraddling,
+        creditDate,
+        paymentDate
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Pure stateless evaluation kernel for the Universal Statutory Virtual Machine (USVM).
+ * Evaluates an approved declarative AST rule package against transaction facts.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} ruleAst - Validated declarative AST package
+ * @param {Object} facts - Ingress transaction facts
+ * @returns {Object} Fiduciary statutory evaluation voucher
+ */
+export function evaluateStatutoryAst(ruleAst, facts = {}) {
+    // 1. Strict AST validation
+    validateStatutoryAst(ruleAst);
+
+    const trace = [];
+
+    // 2. Fiduciary base result initialization
+    const result = {
+        isAuthorizedToDisburse: false, // Fiduciary invariant: computation NEVER authorizes money movement
+        ruleId: ruleAst.sectionId,
+        ruleVersion: ruleAst.version,
+        disposition: 'EVALUATING',
+        isTdsApplicable: false,
+        isSectionApplicable: false,
+        invoiceAmountInr: 0,
+        taxableBase: 0,
+        tdsRatePercent: 0,
+        calculatedTdsInr: 0,
+        netWireInr: 0,
+        executionTrace: trace
+    };
+
+    // 3. Temporal Crystallization & Dual-Act Resolution
+    const cutoverDate = ruleAst.transitionalCutoverDate || '2026-04-01';
+    const temporal = resolveTemporalCrystallization(ruleAst.triggerPolicy, facts, cutoverDate);
+
+    result.isAct2025 = temporal.isAct2025;
+    result.effectiveDate = temporal.crystallizedDate;
+    result.regimeStatus = temporal.governingRegime === 'INDETERMINATE_PENDING_TRANSACTION_DATE' ? 'INDETERMINATE_PENDING_TRANSACTION_DATE' : 'DETERMINED';
+
+    if (temporal.isStraddling) {
+        result.temporalStraddlingAnalysis = {
+            crystallizedDate: temporal.crystallizedDate,
+            crystallizationEvent: temporal.crystallizationEvent,
+            governingRegime: temporal.governingRegime,
+            creditDate: temporal.creditDate,
+            paymentDate: temporal.paymentDate,
+            legalRule: 'Under Indian direct tax jurisprudence, tax deduction attaches at the earlier of credit or payment. Pre-1 April 2026 crystallization event cements Income-tax Act, 1961 regime.'
+        };
+    }
+
+    const governingSection = temporal.isAct2025
+        ? `${ruleAst.successorStatute || 'Income-tax Act, 2025'} ${ruleAst.successorSection || ''}`.trim()
+        : `${ruleAst.governingStatute || 'Income-tax Act, 1961'} ${ruleAst.statutorySection || ''}`.trim();
+
+    result.governingWithholdingSection = governingSection;
+    result.governingSection = governingSection;
+    result.governingStatute = temporal.governingRegime;
+
+    // 4. Evaluate Guards (Pre-conditions & Penalties)
+    let overrideRateBps = null;
+    let panPenaltySection = null;
+
+    if (Array.isArray(ruleAst.guards)) {
+        for (const guard of ruleAst.guards) {
+            // Check direct fact or nested path (supporting legacy and normalized facts)
+            let factValue = getNestedValue(facts, guard.field);
+            if (factValue === undefined && guard.field.startsWith('payee.')) {
+                // Support flat legacy keys (e.g. payee.isResident -> isResident or hasPan)
+                const flatKey = guard.field.replace('payee.', '');
+                if (flatKey === 'isPanValid' && facts.hasPan !== undefined) {
+                    factValue = Boolean(facts.hasPan) && !Boolean(facts.isPanInoperative);
+                } else if (facts[flatKey] !== undefined) {
+                    factValue = facts[flatKey];
+                }
+            }
+            if (factValue === undefined && guard.field === 'payee.isResident' && facts.sellerIsNonResident !== undefined) {
+                factValue = !Boolean(facts.sellerIsNonResident);
+            }
+
+            const isMatch = evaluateOperator(factValue, guard.operator, guard.value);
+
+            if (isMatch) {
+                trace.push(`Guard matched: ${guard.id}`);
+                const onMatch = guard.onMatch;
+
+                if (onMatch?.action === 'HALT_EXEMPT') {
+                    const rawInvoice = Number(facts.invoiceAmount || facts.grossAmountInr || facts.lineItem?.grossAmountPaisa || 0);
+                    result.disposition = onMatch.disposition || 'EXEMPT';
+                    result.statutoryDisposition = onMatch.disposition || 'EXEMPT';
+                    result.statutoryReason = onMatch.reason || 'Guard halted computation as exempt';
+                    result.isExemptForeignImport = Boolean(facts.isImportOfGoods || facts.sellerIsNonResident);
+                    result.invoiceAmountInr = rawInvoice;
+                    result.netWireInr = rawInvoice;
+                    result.governingSection = temporal.isAct2025
+                        ? 'CBDT Circular No. 13 of 2021 Question 3 (Read with Section 393(2))'
+                        : 'CBDT Circular No. 13 of 2021 Question 3 (Read with Section 195)';
+                    return result;
+                }
+
+                if (onMatch?.action === 'OVERRIDE_RATE') {
+                    overrideRateBps = onMatch.overrideRateBps;
+                    panPenaltySection = temporal.isAct2025
+                        ? onMatch.governingSection2025
+                        : onMatch.governingSection1961;
+                    trace.push(`Override applied: rate set to ${overrideRateBps} bps (${overrideRateBps / 100}%)`);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    result.governingPanPenaltySection = panPenaltySection || (temporal.isAct2025 ? 'Section 397 (PAN compliant)' : 'Section 206AA (PAN compliant)');
+
+    const archetype = ruleAst.computation?.archetype || 'EXCESS_OVER_THRESHOLD';
+
+    // Advanced Domain Archetype Dispatches
+    if (archetype === 'COMPOUND_INTEREST_MONTHLY_RESTS') {
+        return evaluateMsmeDelayedPaymentCompoundInterest(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'MSME_FISCAL_BOUNDARY_43BH') {
+        return evaluateSection43bHFiscalBoundary(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'ENTERPRISE_CLASSIFICATION_MSME') {
+        return evaluateMsmeEnterpriseClassification(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'PROPORTIONAL_REVERSAL_180_DAYS') {
+        return evaluateGstRule37ProportionalReversal(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'SUPPLIER_NON_FILING_RULE37A') {
+        return evaluateGstRule37ASupplierNonFiling(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'COMMON_CREDIT_APPORTIONMENT_RULE42') {
+        return evaluateGstRule42CommonCreditApportionment(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'DTAA_TREATY_TAX_HAVEN_MATRIX') {
+        return evaluateCrossBorderDtaaMatrix(ruleAst, facts, temporal, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'TRANSFER_PRICING_PERCENTILE_ALP') {
+        return evaluateTransferPricingPercentileAlp(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'VOTING_CONTINUITY_PERCENTAGE') {
+        return evaluateSection79VotingContinuity(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'TAX_CLEARANCE_VOID_TRANSFER_SEC281') {
+        return evaluateSection281VoidTransfer(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'CORPORATE_TAX_MAT_VS_CONCESSIONAL') {
+        return evaluateCorporateTaxMatVsConcessionalUsvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'SALARY_SLAB_PROGRESSIVE_TDS') {
+        return evaluateSalaryProgressiveTds(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'NON_FILER_PENAL_RATE_206AB') {
+        return evaluateNonFilerPenalRate206AB(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'DEFERRED_TAX_TIMING_DIFFERENCE') {
+        return evaluateDeferredTaxIndAs12Usvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'BLOCKED_CREDIT_GATE_17_5') {
+        return evaluateBlockedCreditSection17_5(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'ITC_ELIGIBILITY_GATE_16_2') {
+        return evaluateItcEligibilitySection16_2(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'RCM_LIABILITY_EVALUATION_9_3') {
+        return evaluateRcmLiabilitySection9_3(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'COMPOSITE_MIXED_SUPPLY_SEC8') {
+        return evaluateCompositeMixedSuppliesSection8(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'COMPOSITION_LEVY_SEC10') {
+        return evaluateCompositionLevySection10(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'CREDIT_NOTE_TIMELINES_SEC34') {
+        return evaluateCreditDebitNotesSection34(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'EXPORT_LUT_ZERO_RATED_SEC16') {
+        return evaluateExportLutSection16(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'EINVOICING_MANDATE_RULE48_4') {
+        return evaluateEInvoicingRule48_4(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'EWAYBILL_CONSIGNMENT_RULE138') {
+        return evaluateEWayBillRule138(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'GST_TDS_DEDUCTION_SEC51') {
+        return evaluateGstTdsSection51(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'MCA_MSME_1_AGING_BIFURCATION') {
+        return evaluateMcaMsme1Aging(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'MSME_DISCLOSURES_SEC22') {
+        return evaluateMsmeDisclosuresSection22(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'LEASE_AMORTIZATION_INDAS116') {
+        return evaluateLeaseAmortizationIndAs116Usvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'REVENUE_ALLOCATION_INDAS115') {
+        return evaluateRevenueAllocationIndAs115Usvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'PROVISIONS_CONTINGENCY_INDAS37') {
+        return evaluateProvisionsAndContingenciesIndAs37Usvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'FX_SPOT_REVALUATION_INDAS21_109') {
+        return evaluateForeignExchangeRevaluationUsvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'EXPECTED_CREDIT_LOSS_INDAS109') {
+        return evaluateExpectedCreditLossIndAs109Usvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'FOREIGN_TAX_CREDIT_RELIEF') {
+        return evaluateForeignTaxCreditRelief(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'SLUMP_SALE_NET_WORTH_50B') {
+        return evaluateSlumpSaleSection50B(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'BUSINESS_COMBINATIONS_INDAS103') {
+        return evaluateBusinessCombinationsIndAs103Usvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'IMPAIRMENT_TESTING_INDAS36') {
+        return evaluateImpairmentIndAs36Usvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+    if (archetype === 'SHARE_BASED_PAYMENTS_INDAS102') {
+        return evaluateShareBasedPaymentsIndAs102Usvm(ruleAst, facts, trace);
+    }
+
+    // 5. Ingress Invoice Consideration Quantization
+    let currentInvoicePaise = 0n;
+    let rawInvoiceInr = 0;
+
+    if (facts.lineItem?.grossAmountPaisa !== undefined) {
+        currentInvoicePaise = BigInt(facts.lineItem.grossAmountPaisa);
+        rawInvoiceInr = fromBigIntPaise(currentInvoicePaise);
+    } else {
+        rawInvoiceInr = Number(facts.invoiceAmount ?? facts.grossAmountInr ?? 0);
+        const gstAmountInr = Number(facts.gstAmountInr || 0);
+        const isAdvancePayment = Boolean(facts.isAdvancePayment);
+        const creditNoteInr = Number(facts.creditNoteInr || 0);
+        const creditNoteTiming = facts.creditNoteTiming || 'BEFORE_TAX_DEDUCTION';
+
+        // CBDT Circular No. 13 of 2021 Question 1: GST excluded when separately indicated & not advance
+        const effectivePurchaseInr = isAdvancePayment
+            ? rawInvoiceInr
+            : Math.max(0, rawInvoiceInr - gstAmountInr);
+
+        // CBDT Circular No. 13 of 2021 Question 4: Credit Note treatment
+        const isCreditNoteBefore = creditNoteTiming !== 'AFTER_TAX_DEDUCTION';
+        const amountInr = isCreditNoteBefore
+            ? Math.max(0, effectivePurchaseInr - creditNoteInr)
+            : effectivePurchaseInr;
+
+        currentInvoicePaise = toBigIntPaise(amountInr);
+    }
+
+    // 6. Cumulative Threshold Consideration Evaluation
+    let priorPurchasesPaise = 0n;
+    if (facts.aggregateSnapshot?.aggregatePaisa !== undefined) {
+        priorPurchasesPaise = BigInt(facts.aggregateSnapshot.aggregatePaisa);
+    } else {
+        const priorPurchasesInr = Number(
+            facts.priorPurchasesInCurrentFyInr ??
+            facts.currentFyPriorPurchasesInr ??
+            facts.priorFyPurchases ??
+            0
+        );
+        priorPurchasesPaise = toBigIntPaise(priorPurchasesInr);
+    }
+
+    const thresholdPaise = ruleAst.computation?.thresholdPaisa !== undefined
+        ? BigInt(ruleAst.computation.thresholdPaisa)
+        : 500000000n; // Default ₹50L = 500,000,000 paise
+
+    const cumulativeBeforePaise = priorPurchasesPaise;
+    const cumulativeAfterPaise = priorPurchasesPaise + currentInvoicePaise;
+
+    let taxableBasePaise = 0n;
+    let isThresholdBreached = false;
+
+    if (archetype === 'EXCESS_OVER_THRESHOLD') {
+        if (cumulativeAfterPaise <= thresholdPaise) {
+            taxableBasePaise = 0n;
+            isThresholdBreached = false;
+        } else if (cumulativeBeforePaise >= thresholdPaise) {
+            // Threshold was already fully breached by prior purchases; entire current invoice is in excess
+            taxableBasePaise = currentInvoicePaise;
+            isThresholdBreached = true;
+        } else {
+            // Breaches threshold during this specific invoice: tax strictly on the incremental excess
+            taxableBasePaise = cumulativeAfterPaise - thresholdPaise;
+            isThresholdBreached = true;
+        }
+    } else if (archetype === 'CLIFF_THRESHOLD') {
+        if (cumulativeAfterPaise > thresholdPaise) {
+            taxableBasePaise = currentInvoicePaise;
+            isThresholdBreached = true;
+        }
+    } else if (archetype === 'FLAT_RATE') {
+        taxableBasePaise = currentInvoicePaise;
+        isThresholdBreached = true;
+    }
+
+    // 7. Rate Resolution & 5-Stage Rational Arithmetic
+    const standardRateBps = ruleAst.computation?.standardRateBps ?? 10; // Default 10 bps (0.1%)
+    const effectiveRateBps = overrideRateBps !== null ? overrideRateBps : standardRateBps;
+
+    let lineItemTdsPaise = 0n;
+
+    if (taxableBasePaise > 0n && effectiveRateBps > 0) {
+        // Stage 1 & 2: Exact Rational Multiplication & Remainder Extraction
+        const { quotientPaise, subPaisaRemainder } = multiplyRational(taxableBasePaise, effectiveRateBps, 10000n);
+
+        // Stage 3: Currency Quantization (Commercial Paisa Rounding)
+        lineItemTdsPaise = quantizeCurrencyPaisa(quotientPaise, subPaisaRemainder, 10000n);
+    }
+
+    // Stage 4: Statutory Assessment Rounding (Section 288B / 516)
+    const assessmentRoundingPolicy = temporal.isAct2025 ? 'INCOME_TAX_ACT_2025_SEC516' : 'INCOME_TAX_ACT_1961_SEC288B';
+    const assessmentTdsPaise = roundStatutoryAssessment(lineItemTdsPaise, assessmentRoundingPolicy);
+
+    // 8. Final Fiduciary Return Formulation
+    const taxableBaseInr = fromBigIntPaise(taxableBasePaise);
+    const calculatedTdsInr = fromBigIntPaise(lineItemTdsPaise);
+    const netWireInr = Math.max(0, rawInvoiceInr - calculatedTdsInr);
+
+    result.invoiceAmountInr = rawInvoiceInr;
+    result.taxableBase = taxableBaseInr;
+    result.tdsRatePercent = effectiveRateBps / 100;
+    result.calculatedTdsInr = calculatedTdsInr;
+    result.assessmentRoundedTdsInr = fromBigIntPaise(assessmentTdsPaise);
+    result.netWireInr = netWireInr;
+    result.isTdsApplicable = calculatedTdsInr > 0;
+    result.isSection194QApplicable = isThresholdBreached;
+    result.disposition = isThresholdBreached ? 'TAX_DEDUCTIBLE' : 'THRESHOLD_NOT_BREACHED';
+    result.statutoryDisposition = isThresholdBreached ? 'SECTION_194Q_DEDUCTION_MANDATORY' : 'EXEMPT_BELOW_STATUTORY_THRESHOLD';
+
+    return result;
+}

package/src/usvm/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/**
+ * MUDRAFORGE UNIVERSAL STATUTORY VIRTUAL MACHINE (USVM)
+ * Zero-dependency declarative calculation runtime for statutory tax & accounting.
+ */
+
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+
+export {
+    evaluateStatutoryAst,
+    resolveTemporalCrystallization
+} from './evaluation_vm.js';
+
+export {
+    validateStatutoryAst,
+    StatutoryAstValidationError,
+    MATH_ARCHETYPES,
+    TRIGGER_POLICIES,
+    ROUNDING_POLICIES,
+    TYPED_OPERATORS
+} from './schemas/statutory_ast_schema.js';
+
+export {
+    toBigIntPaise,
+    fromBigIntPaise,
+    multiplyRational,
+    quantizeCurrencyPaisa,
+    roundStatutoryAssessment
+} from './math_rational.js';
+
+const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
+const __dirname = path.dirname(__filename);
+
+const RULE_MAP = new Map();
+
+/**
+ * Loads and caches an AST rule by section key.
+ */
+export function getStatutoryAst(sectionKey) {
+    const key = String(sectionKey || '').toUpperCase().trim();
+    if (RULE_MAP.has(key)) return RULE_MAP.get(key);
+
+    const rulesDir = path.resolve(__dirname, 'rules');
+    if (!fs.existsSync(rulesDir)) return null;
+
+    // Search rules dir for matching sectionId or filename
+    const files = fs.readdirSync(rulesDir).filter(f => f.endsWith('.json'));
+    for (const f of files) {
+        try {
+            const raw = fs.readFileSync(path.join(rulesDir, f), 'utf8');
+            const ast = JSON.parse(raw);
+            if (
+                ast.sectionId?.toUpperCase() === key ||
+                ast.statutorySection?.toUpperCase().includes(key) ||
+                f.toUpperCase().includes(key.replace(/[^A-Z0-9]/g, '_'))
+            ) {
+                RULE_MAP.set(key, ast);
+                return ast;
+            }
+        } catch (_) {}
+    }
+
+    return null;
+}