@morojs/moro 1.6.1 → 1.6.2

package/src/core/logger/logger.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Moro Logger - Beautiful, Fast, Feature-Rich
 import { performance } from 'perf_hooks';
-// import { format } from 'util'; // Not currently used
+
 import {
   LogLevel,
   LogEntry,
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
   LogFilter,
   LogMetrics,
   ColorScheme,
-} from '../../types/logger';
+} from '../../types/logger.js';
 
 export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
   private level: LogLevel = 'info';
@@ -41,13 +41,27 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
   private lastTimestamp = 0;
   private timestampCacheInterval = 100; // 100ms for better precision
 
-  // Buffered output for micro-batching
+  // Object pooling for LogEntry objects (Pino's technique)
+  private static readonly ENTRY_POOL: LogEntry[] = [];
+  private static readonly MAX_POOL_SIZE = 100;
+  private static poolIndex = 0;
+
+  // String builder for efficient concatenation
+  private static stringBuilder: string[] = [];
+  private static stringBuilderIndex = 0;
+
+  // Buffered output for performance
   private outputBuffer: string[] = [];
   private bufferSize = 0;
-  private maxBufferSize = 1024; // 1KB buffer
+  private maxBufferSize = 1000;
   private flushTimeout: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null;
   private flushInterval = 1; // 1ms micro-batching
 
+  // Buffer overflow protection
+  private bufferOverflowThreshold: number;
+  private emergencyFlushInProgress = false;
+  private isDestroyed = false;
+
   // High-performance output methods
 
   private static readonly LEVELS: Record<LogLevel, number> = {
@@ -58,84 +72,6 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     fatal: 4,
   };
 
-  // Static pre-allocated strings for maximum performance
-  private static readonly LEVEL_STRINGS: Record<LogLevel, string> = {
-    debug: 'DEBUG',
-    info: 'INFO',
-    warn: 'WARN',
-    error: 'ERROR',
-    fatal: 'FATAL',
-  };
-
-  // Pre-allocated ANSI color codes
-  private static readonly ANSI_COLORS = {
-    reset: '\x1b[0m',
-    bold: '\x1b[1m',
-    dim: '\x1b[2m',
-    red: '\x1b[31m',
-    green: '\x1b[32m',
-    yellow: '\x1b[33m',
-    blue: '\x1b[34m',
-    magenta: '\x1b[35m',
-    cyan: '\x1b[36m',
-    white: '\x1b[37m',
-    gray: '\x1b[90m',
-  };
-
-  // Object pool for LogEntry reuse
-  private static readonly ENTRY_POOL: LogEntry[] = [];
-  private static readonly MAX_POOL_SIZE = 100;
-  private static poolIndex = 0;
-
-  // Object pool management
-  private static getPooledEntry(): LogEntry {
-    if (MoroLogger.poolIndex > 0) {
-      return MoroLogger.ENTRY_POOL[--MoroLogger.poolIndex];
-    }
-    return {
-      timestamp: new Date(),
-      level: 'info',
-      message: '',
-      context: undefined,
-      metadata: undefined,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private static returnPooledEntry(entry: LogEntry): void {
-    if (MoroLogger.poolIndex < MoroLogger.MAX_POOL_SIZE) {
-      // Reset the entry
-      entry.timestamp = new Date();
-      entry.level = 'info';
-      entry.message = '';
-      entry.context = undefined;
-      entry.metadata = undefined;
-      MoroLogger.ENTRY_POOL[MoroLogger.poolIndex++] = entry;
-    }
-  }
-
-  // String builder for efficient concatenation
-  private static stringBuilder: string[] = [];
-  private static stringBuilderIndex = 0;
-
-  private static resetStringBuilder(): void {
-    MoroLogger.stringBuilderIndex = 0;
-  }
-
-  private static appendToBuilder(str: string): void {
-    if (MoroLogger.stringBuilderIndex < MoroLogger.stringBuilder.length) {
-      MoroLogger.stringBuilder[MoroLogger.stringBuilderIndex++] = str;
-    } else {
-      MoroLogger.stringBuilder.push(str);
-      MoroLogger.stringBuilderIndex++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  private static buildString(): string {
-    const result = MoroLogger.stringBuilder.slice(0, MoroLogger.stringBuilderIndex).join('');
-    MoroLogger.resetStringBuilder();
-    return result;
-  }
-
   private static readonly COLORS: ColorScheme = {
     debug: '\x1b[36m', // Cyan
     info: '\x1b[32m', // Green
@@ -146,13 +82,23 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     context: '\x1b[34m', // Blue
     metadata: '\x1b[37m', // White
     performance: '\x1b[36m', // Cyan
+    reset: '\x1b[0m', // Reset
   };
 
   private static readonly RESET = '\x1b[0m';
   private static readonly BOLD = '\x1b[1m';
 
+  // Static pre-allocated strings for performance
+  private static readonly LEVEL_STRINGS: Record<LogLevel, string> = {
+    debug: 'DEBUG',
+    info: 'INFO ',
+    warn: 'WARN ',
+    error: 'ERROR',
+    fatal: 'FATAL',
+  };
+
   constructor(options: LoggerOptions = {}) {
-    this.options = {
+    this.options = this.validateOptions({
       level: 'info',
       enableColors: true,
       enableTimestamp: true,
@@ -163,11 +109,18 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
       outputs: [],
       filters: [],
       maxEntries: 1000,
+      maxBufferSize: 1000,
       ...options,
-    };
+    });
 
     this.level = this.options.level || 'info';
 
+    // Initialize buffer size from options
+    this.maxBufferSize = this.options.maxBufferSize || 1000;
+
+    // Initialize buffer overflow protection
+    this.bufferOverflowThreshold = this.maxBufferSize * 2;
+
     // Add default console output
     this.addOutput({
       name: 'console',
@@ -180,6 +133,58 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     this.options.filters?.forEach(filter => this.addFilter(filter));
   }
 
+  // Object pooling methods
+  private static getPooledEntry(): LogEntry {
+    if (MoroLogger.ENTRY_POOL.length > 0) {
+      const entry = MoroLogger.ENTRY_POOL.pop()!;
+      // Properly reset ALL properties to prevent memory leaks
+      entry.timestamp = new Date();
+      entry.level = 'info';
+      entry.message = '';
+      entry.context = undefined;
+      entry.metadata = undefined;
+      entry.performance = undefined;
+      entry.moduleId = undefined;
+      return entry;
+    }
+    return MoroLogger.createFreshEntry();
+  }
+
+  // ADD this new method:
+  private static createFreshEntry(): LogEntry {
+    return {
+      timestamp: new Date(),
+      level: 'info',
+      message: '',
+      context: undefined,
+      metadata: undefined,
+      performance: undefined,
+      moduleId: undefined,
+    };
+  }
+
+  private static returnPooledEntry(entry: LogEntry): void {
+    if (MoroLogger.ENTRY_POOL.length < MoroLogger.MAX_POOL_SIZE) {
+      MoroLogger.ENTRY_POOL.push(entry);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // String builder methods
+  private static resetStringBuilder(): void {
+    MoroLogger.stringBuilder.length = 0;
+    MoroLogger.stringBuilderIndex = 0;
+  }
+
+  private static appendToBuilder(str: string): void {
+    MoroLogger.stringBuilder[MoroLogger.stringBuilderIndex++] = str;
+  }
+
+  private static buildString(): string {
+    const result = MoroLogger.stringBuilder.join('');
+    MoroLogger.resetStringBuilder();
+    return result;
+  }
+
   debug(message: string, context?: string, metadata?: Record<string, any>): void {
     this.log('debug', message, context, metadata);
   }
@@ -222,7 +227,9 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
   }
 
   child(context: string, metadata?: Record<string, any>): Logger {
-    const childLogger = new MoroLogger(this.options);
+    // Create child logger with current parent level (not original options level)
+    const childOptions = { ...this.options, level: this.level };
+    const childLogger = new MoroLogger(childOptions);
     childLogger.contextPrefix = this.contextPrefix ? `${this.contextPrefix}:${context}` : context;
     childLogger.contextMetadata = { ...this.contextMetadata, ...metadata };
     childLogger.outputs = this.outputs;
@@ -238,6 +245,10 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     this.level = level;
   }
 
+  getLevel(): LogLevel {
+    return this.level;
+  }
+
   addOutput(output: LogOutput): void {
     this.outputs.set(output.name, output);
   }
@@ -287,6 +298,17 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     return this.cachedTimestamp;
   }
 
+  // Cached timestamp generation (updates once per second)
+  private getFastCachedTimestamp(): string {
+    const now = Date.now();
+    if (now - this.lastTimestamp > 1000) {
+      // Update every second
+      this.lastTimestamp = now;
+      this.cachedTimestamp = new Date(now).toISOString().slice(0, 19).replace('T', ' ');
+    }
+    return this.cachedTimestamp;
+  }
+
   getMetrics(): LogMetrics {
     const now = Date.now();
     const uptime = (now - this.startTime) / 1000; // seconds
@@ -314,62 +336,54 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     };
   }
 
-  // Optimized logging method with aggressive level checking
+  // Optimized logging method
   private log(
     level: LogLevel,
     message: string,
     context?: string,
     metadata?: Record<string, any>
   ): void {
-    // AGGRESSIVE LEVEL CHECK - numeric comparison for maximum speed
-    const levelNum = MoroLogger.LEVELS[level];
-    const effectiveLevelNum = this.parent
-      ? MoroLogger.LEVELS[this.parent.level]
-      : MoroLogger.LEVELS[this.level];
+    // Prevent logging after destroy() is called (important for test cleanup)
+    if (this.isDestroyed) {
+      return;
+    }
 
-    if (levelNum < effectiveLevelNum) {
-      return; // Exit immediately if level is too low
+    // Quick level check - use parent level if available (for child loggers)
+    const effectiveLevel = this.parent ? this.parent.level : this.level;
+    if (MoroLogger.LEVELS[level] < MoroLogger.LEVELS[effectiveLevel as LogLevel]) {
+      return;
     }
 
-    // ULTRA-FAST PATH: Just message, no context, no metadata
+    // Absolute minimal path for simple logs - pure speed
     if (!metadata && !context && !this.contextPrefix && !this.contextMetadata) {
-      const levelStr = MoroLogger.LEVEL_STRINGS[level];
-      this.output(`${levelStr} ${message}\n`, level);
+      this.writeSimpleLog(level, message);
       return;
     }
 
-    // FAST PATH: Message + context, no metadata
+    // Minimal path for logs with context but no metadata
     if (!metadata && !this.contextMetadata) {
-      const levelStr = MoroLogger.LEVEL_STRINGS[level];
-      if (context) {
-        this.output(`${levelStr} [${context}] ${message}\n`, level);
-      } else {
-        this.output(`${levelStr} ${message}\n`, level);
-      }
+      this.writeSimpleLog(level, message, context);
       return;
     }
 
-    // MEDIUM PATH: Message + context + simple metadata
-    if (metadata && Object.keys(metadata).length <= 3 && !this.contextMetadata) {
-      const levelStr = MoroLogger.LEVEL_STRINGS[level];
-      const contextStr = context ? `[${context}] ` : '';
-      const metaStr = this.stringify(metadata);
-      this.output(`${levelStr} ${contextStr}${message} ${metaStr}\n`, level);
+    // Path for complex logs
+    if (metadata && Object.keys(metadata).length > 0) {
+      this.complexLog(level, message, context, metadata);
       return;
     }
 
-    // FULL PATH: All features enabled
+    // Full logging path for complex logs
     this.fullLog(level, message, context, metadata);
   }
 
-  // Full logging with all features using object pooling
+  // Full logging with all features
   private fullLog(
     level: LogLevel,
     message: string,
     context?: string,
     metadata?: Record<string, any>
   ): void {
-    // Get pooled entry to avoid allocation
+    // Use object pooling for LogEntry (Pino's technique)
     const entry = MoroLogger.getPooledEntry();
     const now = Date.now();
 
@@ -388,6 +402,7 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     if (this.filters.size > 0) {
       for (const filter of this.filters.values()) {
         if (!filter.filter(entry)) {
+          MoroLogger.returnPooledEntry(entry);
           return;
         }
       }
@@ -402,8 +417,89 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     // Write to outputs with batched processing
     this.writeToOutputs(entry, level);
 
-    // Return entry to pool after a short delay to allow async operations
-    setTimeout(() => MoroLogger.returnPooledEntry(entry), 0);
+    // Return entry to pool
+    MoroLogger.returnPooledEntry(entry);
+  }
+
+  // Absolute minimal logging - pure speed, no overhead
+  private complexLog(
+    level: LogLevel,
+    message: string,
+    context?: string,
+    metadata?: Record<string, any>
+  ): void {
+    // Use object pooling for LogEntry (Pino's technique)
+    const entry = MoroLogger.getPooledEntry();
+    const now = Date.now();
+
+    entry.timestamp = new Date(now);
+    entry.level = level;
+    entry.message = message;
+    entry.context = this.contextPrefix
+      ? context
+        ? `${this.contextPrefix}:${context}`
+        : this.contextPrefix
+      : context;
+    entry.metadata = this.createMetadata(metadata);
+    entry.performance = this.options.enablePerformance ? this.getPerformanceData(now) : undefined;
+
+    // Write to outputs with batched processing
+    this.writeToOutputs(entry, level);
+
+    // Return entry to pool
+    MoroLogger.returnPooledEntry(entry);
+  }
+
+  // Simple log writer with colors for minimal overhead cases
+  private writeSimpleLog(level: LogLevel, message: string, context?: string): void {
+    const colors = this.options.enableColors !== false;
+    const levelReset = colors ? MoroLogger.RESET : '';
+
+    MoroLogger.resetStringBuilder();
+
+    // Timestamp with caching optimization
+    if (this.options.enableTimestamp !== false) {
+      const timestamp = this.getFastCachedTimestamp();
+      if (colors) {
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(MoroLogger.COLORS.timestamp);
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(timestamp);
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelReset);
+      } else {
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(timestamp);
+      }
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' ');
+    }
+
+    // Level with pre-allocated strings
+    const levelStr = MoroLogger.LEVEL_STRINGS[level];
+    if (colors) {
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(MoroLogger.COLORS[level]);
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(MoroLogger.BOLD);
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelStr);
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelReset);
+    } else {
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelStr);
+    }
+
+    // Context
+    if (context && this.options.enableContext !== false) {
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' ');
+      if (colors) {
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(MoroLogger.COLORS.context);
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(`[${context}]`);
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelReset);
+      } else {
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(`[${context}]`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Message
+    MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' ');
+    MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(message);
+
+    // Output main log line with high-performance method
+    const finalMessage = MoroLogger.buildString();
+    this.output(`${finalMessage}\n`, level);
   }
 
   private updateMetrics(entry: LogEntry): void {
@@ -457,24 +553,39 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
   private writeToOutputs(entry: LogEntry, level: LogLevel): void {
     if (this.outputs.size === 0) return;
 
+    let successCount = 0;
+    const errors: Array<{ outputName: string; error: any }> = [];
+
     for (const output of this.outputs.values()) {
       if (!output.level || MoroLogger.LEVELS[level] >= MoroLogger.LEVELS[output.level]) {
         try {
           output.write(entry);
+          successCount++;
         } catch (error) {
-          // Fallback to console.error for logger errors
-          // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
-          console.error('Logger output error:', error);
+          errors.push({ outputName: output.name, error });
+          this.handleOutputError(output.name, error);
         }
       }
     }
+
+    // If all outputs fail, use emergency console
+    if (successCount === 0 && this.outputs.size > 0) {
+      this.emergencyConsoleWrite(entry);
+    }
+
+    // Log output errors (but avoid infinite loops)
+    if (errors.length > 0 && level !== 'error') {
+      this.error(`Logger output errors: ${errors.length} failed`, 'MoroLogger', {
+        errors: errors.map(e => e.outputName),
+      });
+    }
   }
 
   private writeToConsole(entry: LogEntry): void {
     const format = this.options.format || 'pretty';
 
     if (format === 'json') {
-      this.output(JSON.stringify(entry) + '\n', entry.level);
+      this.output(`${this.safeStringify(entry)}\n`, entry.level);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -491,6 +602,8 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
 
   private writePrettyLog(entry: LogEntry): void {
     const colors = this.options.enableColors !== false;
+    const levelReset = colors ? MoroLogger.RESET : '';
+
     MoroLogger.resetStringBuilder();
 
     // Timestamp with caching optimization
@@ -499,37 +612,29 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
       if (colors) {
         MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(MoroLogger.COLORS.timestamp);
         MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(timestamp);
-        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(MoroLogger.RESET);
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelReset);
       } else {
         MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(timestamp);
       }
-    }
-
-    // Level with color using pre-allocated strings
-    const levelColor = colors ? MoroLogger.COLORS[entry.level] : '';
-    const levelReset = colors ? MoroLogger.RESET : '';
-    const levelText = MoroLogger.LEVEL_STRINGS[entry.level];
-
-    // Add space after timestamp if present
-    if (this.options.enableTimestamp !== false) {
       MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' ');
     }
 
+    // Level with pre-allocated strings
+    const levelStr = MoroLogger.LEVEL_STRINGS[entry.level];
     if (colors) {
-      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelColor);
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(MoroLogger.COLORS[entry.level]);
       MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(MoroLogger.BOLD);
-      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelText);
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelStr);
       MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelReset);
     } else {
-      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelText);
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelStr);
     }
 
     // Context
     if (entry.context && this.options.enableContext !== false) {
-      const contextColor = colors ? MoroLogger.COLORS.context : '';
-      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' '); // Space before context
+      MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' ');
       if (colors) {
-        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(contextColor);
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(MoroLogger.COLORS.context);
         MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(`[${entry.context}]`);
         MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelReset);
       } else {
@@ -538,7 +643,7 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     }
 
     // Message
-    MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' '); // Space before message
+    MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' ');
     MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(entry.message);
 
     // Performance info
@@ -554,7 +659,7 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
       }
 
       if (perfParts.length > 0) {
-        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' '); // Space before performance info
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' ');
         if (colors) {
           MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(perfColor);
           MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(`(${perfParts.join(', ')})`);
@@ -575,19 +680,20 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
       const cleanMetadata = this.cleanMetadata(entry.metadata);
 
       if (Object.keys(cleanMetadata).length > 0) {
+        MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(' ');
         if (colors) {
           MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(metaColor);
-          MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(this.stringify(cleanMetadata));
+          MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(this.safeStringify(cleanMetadata));
           MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(levelReset);
         } else {
-          MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(this.stringify(cleanMetadata));
+          MoroLogger.appendToBuilder(this.safeStringify(cleanMetadata));
         }
       }
     }
 
     // Output main log line with high-performance method
     const finalMessage = MoroLogger.buildString();
-    this.output(finalMessage + '\n', entry.level);
+    this.output(`${finalMessage}\n`, entry.level);
 
     // Stack trace for errors
     if (entry.metadata?.stack && (entry.level === 'error' || entry.level === 'fatal')) {
@@ -607,79 +713,199 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     return clean;
   }
 
-  // Fast JSON stringify with error handling
-  private stringify(obj: any): string {
-    try {
-      return JSON.stringify(obj);
-    } catch {
-      return '[Circular Reference]';
+  // High-performance output with buffering
+  private output(message: string, level: LogLevel = 'info'): void {
+    // Prevent memory exhaustion
+    if (
+      this.outputBuffer.length >= this.bufferOverflowThreshold &&
+      !this.emergencyFlushInProgress
+    ) {
+      this.emergencyFlushInProgress = true;
+      this.forceFlushBuffer();
+      this.emergencyFlushInProgress = false;
     }
-  }
 
-  // High-performance output with micro-batching
-  private output(message: string, level: LogLevel = 'info'): void {
-    // Add to buffer
     this.outputBuffer.push(message);
-    this.bufferSize += message.length;
+    this.bufferSize++;
 
-    // Flush immediately if buffer is full or for errors
-    if (this.bufferSize >= this.maxBufferSize || level === 'error' || level === 'fatal') {
+    // Immediate flush for critical levels or full buffer
+    if (level === 'fatal' || level === 'error' || this.bufferSize >= this.maxBufferSize) {
       this.flushBuffer();
     } else {
-      // Schedule flush with micro-batching
       this.scheduleFlush();
     }
   }
 
   private scheduleFlush(): void {
-    if (this.flushTimeout) return; // Already scheduled
+    if (this.flushTimeout || this.isDestroyed) {
+      return; // Already scheduled or destroyed
+    }
 
     this.flushTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
       this.flushBuffer();
-      this.flushTimeout = null;
     }, this.flushInterval);
+
+    // Unref the timeout so it doesn't prevent process exit (important for tests)
+    this.flushTimeout.unref();
   }
 
-  private flushBuffer(): void {
-    if (this.outputBuffer.length === 0) return;
+  public flushBuffer(): void {
+    if (this.outputBuffer.length === 0) {
+      return;
+    }
 
-    try {
-      // Group by stream type for efficiency
-      const stdoutMessages: string[] = [];
-      const stderrMessages: string[] = [];
-
-      for (const message of this.outputBuffer) {
-        // Determine stream based on message content (simple heuristic)
-        if (message.includes('ERROR') || message.includes('FATAL')) {
-          stderrMessages.push(message);
-        } else {
-          stdoutMessages.push(message);
-        }
+    // Group messages by stream type
+    const stdoutMessages: string[] = [];
+    const stderrMessages: string[] = [];
+
+    for (const message of this.outputBuffer) {
+      // Determine stream based on message content or level
+      if (message.includes('ERROR') || message.includes('FATAL')) {
+        stderrMessages.push(message);
+      } else {
+        stdoutMessages.push(message);
       }
+    }
 
-      // Write to streams
-      if (stdoutMessages.length > 0) {
+    // Write to appropriate streams with error handling
+    try {
+      if (stdoutMessages.length > 0 && process.stdout.writable) {
         process.stdout.write(stdoutMessages.join(''));
       }
-      if (stderrMessages.length > 0) {
+      if (stderrMessages.length > 0 && process.stderr.writable) {
         process.stderr.write(stderrMessages.join(''));
       }
     } catch {
-      // Fallback to console methods if stream write fails
-      for (const message of this.outputBuffer) {
-        if (message.includes('ERROR') || message.includes('FATAL')) {
-          // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
-          console.error(message.trim());
-        } else {
-          // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
-          console.log(message.trim());
-        }
+      // Fallback to console if streams fail
+      try {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+        console.log(this.outputBuffer.join(''));
+      } catch {
+        // If even console.log fails, just ignore
       }
     }
 
-    // Reset buffer
+    // Clear buffer
     this.outputBuffer.length = 0;
     this.bufferSize = 0;
+
+    // Clear timeout
+    if (this.flushTimeout) {
+      clearTimeout(this.flushTimeout);
+      this.flushTimeout = null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Emergency flush for buffer overflow protection
+  private forceFlushBuffer(): void {
+    if (this.outputBuffer.length === 0) return;
+
+    try {
+      const message = this.outputBuffer.join('');
+      process.stdout.write(message);
+    } catch (error) {
+      // Emergency fallback - write individual messages
+      for (const msg of this.outputBuffer) {
+        try {
+          process.stdout.write(msg);
+        } catch {
+          // If even this fails, give up on this batch
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    } finally {
+      this.outputBuffer.length = 0;
+      this.bufferSize = 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Safe stringify with circular reference detection
+  private safeStringify(obj: any, maxDepth = 3): string {
+    const seen = new WeakSet();
+
+    const stringify = (value: any, depth: number): any => {
+      if (depth > maxDepth) return '[Max Depth Reached]';
+      if (value === null || typeof value !== 'object') return value;
+      if (seen.has(value)) return '[Circular Reference]';
+
+      seen.add(value);
+
+      if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+        return value.map(item => stringify(item, depth + 1));
+      }
+
+      const result: any = {};
+      for (const [key, val] of Object.entries(value)) {
+        if (typeof val !== 'function') {
+          // Skip functions
+          result[key] = stringify(val, depth + 1);
+        }
+      }
+      return result;
+    };
+
+    try {
+      return JSON.stringify(stringify(obj, 0));
+    } catch (error) {
+      return '[Stringify Error]';
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Configuration validation
+  private validateOptions(options: LoggerOptions): LoggerOptions {
+    const validated = { ...options };
+
+    // Validate log level
+    const validLevels = ['debug', 'info', 'warn', 'error', 'fatal'];
+    if (validated.level && !validLevels.includes(validated.level)) {
+      console.warn(`[MoroLogger] Invalid log level: ${validated.level}, defaulting to 'info'`);
+      validated.level = 'info';
+    }
+
+    // Validate max entries
+    if (validated.maxEntries !== undefined) {
+      if (validated.maxEntries < 1 || validated.maxEntries > 100000) {
+        console.warn(
+          `[MoroLogger] Invalid maxEntries: ${validated.maxEntries}, defaulting to 1000`
+        );
+        validated.maxEntries = 1000;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Validate buffer size
+    if (validated.maxBufferSize !== undefined) {
+      if (validated.maxBufferSize < 10 || validated.maxBufferSize > 10000) {
+        console.warn(
+          `[MoroLogger] Invalid maxBufferSize: ${validated.maxBufferSize}, defaulting to 1000`
+        );
+        validated.maxBufferSize = 1000;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return validated;
+  }
+
+  // Error handling methods
+  private handleOutputError(outputName: string, error: any): void {
+    // Could implement output retry logic, circuit breaker, etc.
+    // For now, just track the error
+    if (!this.metrics.outputErrors) {
+      this.metrics.outputErrors = {};
+    }
+    this.metrics.outputErrors[outputName] = (this.metrics.outputErrors[outputName] || 0) + 1;
+  }
+
+  private emergencyConsoleWrite(entry: LogEntry): void {
+    const message = `${entry.timestamp.toISOString()} ${entry.level.toUpperCase()} ${entry.message}`;
+    try {
+      if (entry.level === 'error' || entry.level === 'fatal') {
+        process.stderr.write(`[EMERGENCY] ${message}\n`);
+      } else {
+        process.stdout.write(`[EMERGENCY] ${message}\n`);
+      }
+    } catch {
+      // If even emergency write fails, there's nothing more we can do
+    }
   }
 
   // Force flush streams (useful for shutdown)
@@ -694,28 +920,40 @@ export class MoroLogger implements Logger {
     this.flushBuffer();
 
     try {
-      // Force flush streams
+      // Force flush streams without ending them
       if (process.stdout.writable) {
-        process.stdout.end();
+        process.stdout.write(''); // Force flush without ending
       }
       if (process.stderr.writable) {
-        process.stderr.end();
+        process.stderr.write(''); // Force flush without ending
       }
     } catch {
       // Ignore flush errors
     }
   }
 
-  // Cleanup method to clear all timeouts and handles
-  public cleanup(): void {
-    // Clear any pending flush timeout
+  // Destroy logger and clean up all resources (for testing)
+  public destroy(): void {
+    // Mark as destroyed to prevent new timeouts
+    this.isDestroyed = true;
+
+    // Clear any remaining timeouts
     if (this.flushTimeout) {
       clearTimeout(this.flushTimeout);
       this.flushTimeout = null;
     }
 
-    // Flush any remaining output
+    // Flush any remaining buffer
     this.flushBuffer();
+
+    // Clear outputs and filters
+    this.outputs.clear();
+    this.filters.clear();
+
+    // Clear history
+    this.history.length = 0;
+    this.historyIndex = 0;
+    this.historySize = 0;
   }
 }
 
@@ -731,33 +969,6 @@ export const logger = new MoroLogger({
   format: (process.env.LOG_FORMAT as any) || 'pretty',
 });
 
-// Add cleanup handlers for Jest and other test runners
-if (typeof process !== 'undefined') {
-  // Cleanup on process exit
-  process.on('beforeExit', () => {
-    logger.cleanup();
-  });
-
-  process.on('SIGINT', () => {
-    logger.cleanup();
-    process.exit(0);
-  });
-
-  process.on('SIGTERM', () => {
-    logger.cleanup();
-    process.exit(0);
-  });
-
-  // For Jest and other test runners - cleanup on uncaught exceptions
-  process.on('uncaughtException', () => {
-    logger.cleanup();
-  });
-
-  process.on('unhandledRejection', () => {
-    logger.cleanup();
-  });
-}
-
 /**
  * Configure the global logger with new settings
  * This allows runtime configuration of the logger
@@ -770,6 +981,14 @@ export function configureGlobalLogger(options: Partial<LoggerOptions>): void {
   // For now, focusing on level which is the most critical
 }
 
+/**
+ * Destroy the global logger and clean up resources (for testing)
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function destroyGlobalLogger(): void {
+  logger.destroy();
+}
+
 /**
  * Apply logging configuration from the config system and/or createApp options
  */