@mirascript/mirascript 0.1.2 → 0.1.4

package/src/compiler/worker.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import type { ScriptInput, TranspileOptions } from './types.js';
 import { emit } from './emit.js';
 import { generateBytecode } from './generate-bytecode.js';
+import { DiagnosticCode, parseDiagnostics } from './diagnostic.js';
 
 /**
  * 生成 MiraScript 对应的 JavaScript 代码
@@ -13,7 +14,10 @@ export async function compile(
     if (bytecode == null) {
         return [undefined, errors];
     }
-    const generatedCode = emit(script, bytecode, options);
+    const sourcemaps = options.sourceMap
+        ? parseDiagnostics(script, errors, (c) => c === DiagnosticCode.SourceMap).sourcemaps
+        : [];
+    const generatedCode = emit(script, bytecode, sourcemaps, options);
     return [generatedCode, errors];
 }
 

package/src/helpers/serialize.ts

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ const DEFAULT_OPTIONS = Object.freeze({
 } satisfies SerializeOptions);
 
 /** 获取选项 */
-export function getSerializeOptions(options: Partial<SerializeOptions> | undefined): SerializeOptions {
+function getSerializeOptions(options: Partial<SerializeOptions> | undefined): SerializeOptions {
     if (options == null) return DEFAULT_OPTIONS;
     const opt = { ...DEFAULT_OPTIONS };
     for (const key in options) {
@@ -157,17 +157,17 @@ export function serializePropName(value: string, options?: Partial<SerializeOpti
 }
 
 /** 序列化 nil 值 */
-function serializeNil(): string {
+export function serializeNil(): string {
     return 'nil';
 }
 
 /** 序列化布尔值 */
-function serializeBoolean(value: boolean): string {
+export function serializeBoolean(value: boolean): string {
     return value ? 'true' : 'false';
 }
 
 /** 序列化数字 */
-function serializeNumber(value: number): string {
+export function serializeNumber(value: number): string {
     if (isNaN(value)) return 'nan';
     if (!isFinite(value)) return value < 0 ? '-inf' : 'inf';
     if (value === 0) {
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ function serializeNumber(value: number): string {
 }
 
 /** 序列化数组 */
-function serializeArray(value: VmArray, depth: number, options: SerializeOptions): string {
+export function serializeArray(value: VmArray, depth: number, options: SerializeOptions): string {
     if (depth > options.maxDepth) return `[]`;
     if (value.length === 0) return '[]';
     let str = '[';
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ function customValueOf(value: VmRecord): VmAny | undefined {
 }
 
 /** 序列化记录 */
-function serializeRecord(value: VmRecord, depth: number, options: SerializeOptions): string {
+export function serializeRecord(value: VmRecord, depth: number, options: SerializeOptions): string {
     const customValue = customValueOf(value);
     if (customValue !== undefined) {
         return serializeImpl(customValue, depth - 1, options);

package/src/subtle.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,17 @@
 export * as constants from './helpers/constants.js';
 export { VmSharedContext, DefaultVmContext } from './vm/types/context.js';
 export * as operations from './vm/operations.js';
-export { serialize, serializeString, serializePropName, type SerializeOptions } from './helpers/serialize.js';
+export {
+    serialize,
+    serializeNil,
+    serializeBoolean,
+    serializeNumber,
+    serializeString,
+    serializePropName,
+    serializeArray,
+    serializeRecord,
+    type SerializeOptions,
+} from './helpers/serialize.js';
 export { lib } from './vm/lib/_loader.js';
 export * from './compiler/diagnostic.js';
 export { generateBytecode, generateBytecodeSync, emitScript } from './compiler/index.js';

package/src/vm/lib/_helpers.ts

@@ -167,11 +167,7 @@ export function map(
             Cp();
             const ret = mapper(data[i] ?? null, i, data);
             if (ret === undefined) continue;
-            if (isVmConst(ret)) {
-                result.push(ret);
-            } else {
-                result.push(null);
-            }
+            result.push(ret);
         }
         return result;
     } else {
@@ -180,11 +176,7 @@ export function map(
             Cp();
             const ret = mapper(value ?? null, key, data);
             if (ret === undefined) continue;
-            if (isVmConst(ret)) {
-                e.push([key, ret]);
-            } else {
-                e.push([key, null]);
-            }
+            e.push([key, ret]);
         }
         return fromEntries(e);
     }

package/src/vm/lib/global/math-arr.ts

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export const hypot = VmLib(build(Math.hypot), {
 export const sum = VmLib(
     (...values: readonly VmAny[]) => {
         const numbers = getNumbers(values);
-        return numbers.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
+        return numbers.reduce((a, b) => a + b, -0);
     },
     {
         summary: '返回一组数的总和',

package/src/vm/lib/global/sequence/with.ts

@@ -1,43 +1,137 @@
+import { isArray, isSafeInteger } from '../../../../helpers/utils.js';
 import { Element } from '../../../helpers.js';
 import { $ToNumber, $ToString } from '../../../operations.js';
-import { isVmArray, type VmConst } from '../../../types/index.js';
-import { VmLib, expectArrayOrRecord, throwError } from '../../_helpers.js';
-import { isSafeInteger } from '../../../../helpers/utils.js';
+import {
+    isVmArray,
+    isVmRecord,
+    VM_ARRAY_MAX_LENGTH,
+    type VmArray,
+    type VmConst,
+    type VmValue,
+} from '../../../types/index.js';
+import { VmLib, expectArrayOrRecord, expectConst, throwError } from '../../_helpers.js';
+
+const arrIndex = (index: NonNullable<VmConst>): number => {
+    const idx = Math.trunc($ToNumber(index));
+    if (!isSafeInteger(idx) || idx < 0 || idx >= VM_ARRAY_MAX_LENGTH) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return idx;
+};
+
+const withInner = (obj: VmConst | undefined, key: VmArray, keyIndex: number, value: VmConst): VmConst => {
+    if (keyIndex >= key.length) {
+        return value;
+    }
+    const k = key[keyIndex]!;
+    let result: Array<VmConst | undefined> | Record<string, VmConst | undefined>;
+    if (isVmArray(obj)) {
+        result = [...obj];
+    } else if (isVmRecord(obj)) {
+        result = { ...obj };
+    } else if (arrIndex(k) === k) {
+        result = [];
+    } else {
+        result = {};
+    }
+    if (isArray(result)) {
+        const index = arrIndex(k);
+        while (index > result.length) {
+            result.push(null);
+        }
+        result[index] = withInner(result[index], key, keyIndex + 1, value);
+    } else {
+        const prop = $ToString(k);
+        result[prop] = withInner(result[prop], key, keyIndex + 1, value);
+    }
+    return result;
+};
+
+const normalizeEntries = (data: VmConst, entries: Array<VmValue | undefined>): Map<NonNullable<VmConst>, VmConst> => {
+    if (entries.length % 2 !== 0) {
+        throwError('Expected even number of entries', data);
+    }
+    const entryData = new Map<NonNullable<VmConst>, VmConst>();
+    for (let i = 0; i < entries.length; i += 2) {
+        let key = entries[i]!;
+        expectConst('key', key, data);
+        if (key == null) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (isVmArray(key)) {
+            if (key.length === 0 || key.includes(null) || key.includes(undefined)) {
+                continue;
+            } else if (key.length === 1) {
+                key = key[0]!;
+            }
+        }
+        const value = entries[i + 1]!;
+        entryData.set(key, Element(value));
+    }
+    return entryData;
+};
 
 const _with = VmLib(
     (data, ...entries) => {
         expectArrayOrRecord('data', data, data);
-        if (entries.length % 2 !== 0) {
-            throwError('Expected even number of entries', data);
+        if (entries.length === 0) {
+            return data;
         }
+
+        const entryData = normalizeEntries(data, entries);
         if (isVmArray(data)) {
             const result: Array<VmConst | undefined> = [...data];
-            for (let i = 0; i < entries.length; i += 2) {
-                const index = Math.trunc($ToNumber(entries[i]));
-                if (!isSafeInteger(index) || index < 0) continue;
-                const value = entries[i + 1];
+            for (const [key, value] of entryData) {
+                let index: number;
+                let val: VmConst;
+                if (isVmArray(key)) {
+                    index = arrIndex(key[0]!);
+                    if (index < 0) continue;
+                    val = withInner(result[index], key, 1, value);
+                } else {
+                    index = arrIndex(key);
+                    if (index < 0) continue;
+                    val = value;
+                }
                 while (index > result.length) {
                     result.push(null);
                 }
-                result[index] = Element(value);
+                result[index] = val;
             }
             return result;
         } else {
             const result: Record<string, VmConst | undefined> = { ...data };
-            for (let i = 0; i < entries.length; i += 2) {
-                const key = $ToString(entries[i]);
-                const value = entries[i + 1];
-                result[key] = Element(value);
+            for (const [key, value] of entryData) {
+                let prop: string;
+                let val: VmConst;
+                if (isVmArray(key)) {
+                    const firstKey = key[0]!;
+                    prop = $ToString(firstKey);
+                    val = withInner(result[prop], key, 1, value);
+                } else {
+                    prop = $ToString(key);
+                    val = value;
+                }
+                result[prop] = val;
             }
             return result;
         }
     },
     {
         summary: '在数组或记录中设置多个键值对',
-        params: { data: '要设置的数组或记录', '..entries': '要设置的键值对，成对出现' },
-        paramsType: { data: 'array | record', '..entries': '[..[string | number, any][]]' },
+        params: {
+            data: '要设置的数组或记录',
+            '..entries': '要设置的键值对，成对出现',
+        },
+        paramsType: {
+            data: 'array | record',
+            '..entries': `[..[string | number | (string | number)[], any][]]`,
+        },
         returnsType: 'type(data)',
-        examples: ['with([10, 20], 2, 99) // [10, 20, 99]', 'with((a: 1), "b", 2) // (a: 1, b: 2)'],
+        examples: [
+            `with([10, 20], 2, 99, 3 ,100) // [10, 20, 99, 100]`,
+            `(a: 1)::with(["b", 1], 2) // (a: 1, b: [nil, 2])`,
+        ],
     },
 );
 export { _with as 'with' };

package/src/vm/operations.ts

@@ -1,24 +1,23 @@
 import { VmError } from './error.js';
 import {
+    isVmPrimitive,
     isVmArray,
-    VmModule,
-    VmExtern,
     isVmRecord,
+    isVmFunction,
+    isVmExtern,
+    isVmModule,
+    isVmWrapper,
     getVmFunctionInfo,
-    isVmPrimitive,
     type TypeName,
     type VmAny,
     type VmImmutable,
     type VmRecord,
     type VmValue,
-    isVmFunction,
     type VmArray,
     type VmConst,
-    isVmExtern,
     type VmPrimitive,
     type VmFunction,
 } from './types/index.js';
-import { VmWrapper } from './types/wrapper.js';
 import { hasOwnEnumerable, isNaN, isSafeInteger, keys, create } from '../helpers/utils.js';
 
 const { abs, min, trunc, ceil } = Math;
@@ -33,8 +32,8 @@ const isSame = (a: VmValue, b: VmValue): boolean => {
     // Any primitives and functions arrive here are not equal
     if (a == null || typeof a != 'object' || b == null || typeof b != 'object') return false;
     // Handle wrapper values
-    if (a instanceof VmWrapper) return a.same(b);
-    if (b instanceof VmWrapper) return b.same(a);
+    if (isVmWrapper(a)) return a.same(b);
+    if (isVmWrapper(b)) return b.same(a);
     // Handle array values
     if (isVmArray(a) && isVmArray(b)) {
         const len = a.length;
@@ -141,11 +140,6 @@ export const $Eq = (a: VmAny, b: VmAny): boolean => {
 export const $Neq = (a: VmAny, b: VmAny): boolean => {
     return !$Eq(a, b);
 };
-const stringComparer = new Intl.Collator('en', {
-    usage: 'sort',
-    numeric: false,
-    sensitivity: 'base',
-});
 export const $Aeq = (a: VmAny, b: VmAny): boolean => {
     if (overloadNumberString(a, b)) {
         const an = $ToNumber(a);
@@ -159,11 +153,16 @@ export const $Aeq = (a: VmAny, b: VmAny): boolean => {
         const base = min(abs(an), abs(bn));
         return absoluteDifference < base * EPS;
     } else {
-        // For strings, we use localeCompare for case-insensitive accent-insensitive comparison
+        // For strings, we use normalized case-insensitive comparison
         const as = $ToString(a);
         const bs = $ToString(b);
         if (as === bs) return true;
-        return stringComparer.compare(as, bs) === 0;
+        const ai = as.toLowerCase();
+        const bi = bs.toLowerCase();
+        if (ai === bi) return true;
+        const an = ai.normalize('NFC');
+        const bn = bi.normalize('NFC');
+        return an === bn;
     }
 };
 export const $Naeq = (a: VmAny, b: VmAny): boolean => {
@@ -196,7 +195,7 @@ export const $In = (value: VmAny, iterable: VmAny): boolean => {
         return iterable.some((item = null) => isSame(item, value));
     }
     // iterable is a record or an extern here, value should be a string
-    if (iterable instanceof VmWrapper) return iterable.has($ToString(value));
+    if (isVmWrapper(iterable)) return iterable.has($ToString(value));
     if (typeof iterable == 'object') return hasOwnEnumerable(iterable, $ToString(value));
     iterable satisfies VmPrimitive | VmFunction;
     return false;
@@ -217,7 +216,7 @@ export const $Length = (value: VmAny): number => {
     $AssertInit(value);
     if (isVmArray(value)) return value.length;
     if (isVmRecord(value)) return keys(value).length;
-    if (value instanceof VmWrapper) {
+    if (isVmWrapper(value)) {
         return value.keys().length;
     }
     return Number.NaN;
@@ -285,7 +284,7 @@ export const $Call = (func: VmValue, args: readonly VmAny[]): VmValue => {
     for (const a of args) {
         $AssertInit(a);
     }
-    if (func instanceof VmExtern) {
+    if (isVmExtern(func)) {
         return func.call(args as readonly VmValue[]) ?? null;
     }
     if (isVmFunction(func)) {
@@ -295,8 +294,8 @@ export const $Call = (func: VmValue, args: readonly VmAny[]): VmValue => {
 };
 export const $Type = (value: VmAny): TypeName => {
     if (value === undefined || value === null) return 'nil';
-    if (value instanceof VmExtern) return 'extern';
-    if (value instanceof VmModule) return 'module';
+    if (isVmExtern(value)) return 'extern';
+    if (isVmModule(value)) return 'module';
     if (isVmArray(value)) return 'array';
     if (typeof value == 'object') return 'record';
     return typeof value as TypeName;
@@ -316,7 +315,7 @@ function numberToString(value: number): string {
 /** 将值转为字符串 */
 function innerToString(value: VmAny, useBraces: boolean): string {
     if (value == null) return 'nil';
-    if (value instanceof VmWrapper) return value.toString();
+    if (isVmWrapper(value)) return value.toString();
     if (typeof value == 'function') {
         const name = getVmFunctionInfo(value)?.fullName;
         return name ? `<function ${name}>` : `<function>`;
@@ -397,7 +396,7 @@ export const $Has = (obj: VmAny, key: VmAny): boolean => {
     $AssertInit(obj);
     const pk = $ToString(key);
     if (obj == null || typeof obj != 'object') return false;
-    if (obj instanceof VmWrapper) return obj.has(pk);
+    if (isVmWrapper(obj)) return obj.has(pk);
     return hasOwnEnumerable(obj, pk);
 };
 export const $Get = (obj: VmAny, key: VmAny): VmValue => {
@@ -409,7 +408,7 @@ export const $Get = (obj: VmAny, key: VmAny): VmValue => {
     }
     const pk = $ToString(key);
     if (obj == null || typeof obj != 'object') return null;
-    if (obj instanceof VmWrapper) return obj.get(pk) ?? null;
+    if (isVmWrapper(obj)) return obj.get(pk) ?? null;
     if (!hasOwnEnumerable(obj, pk)) return null;
     return (obj as Record<string, VmImmutable>)[pk] ?? null;
 };
@@ -423,7 +422,7 @@ export const $Set = (obj: VmAny, key: VmAny, value: VmAny): void => {
 };
 export const $Iterable = (value: VmAny): Iterable<VmValue | undefined> => {
     $AssertInit(value);
-    if (value instanceof VmWrapper) return value.keys();
+    if (isVmWrapper(value)) return value.keys();
     if (isVmArray(value)) return value;
     if (value != null && typeof value == 'object') return keys(value);
     throw new VmError(`Value is not iterable`, isVmFunction(value) ? [] : [value]);

package/src/vm/types/boundary.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { isVmFunction, type VmFunctionLike, type VmFunction } from './function.js';
-import { VmExtern } from './extern.js';
-import { VmWrapper } from './wrapper.js';
+import { isVmExtern, VmExtern } from './extern.js';
+import { isVmWrapper } from './wrapper.js';
 import type { VmAny, VmConst, VmModule, VmPrimitive, VmValue } from './index.js';
 import { $Call } from '../operations.js';
 import { defineProperty, apply } from '../../helpers/utils.js';
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export function wrapToVmValue(
             return new VmExtern(value as () => never, thisArg);
         }
         case 'object': {
-            if (value instanceof VmWrapper) return value as VmModule | VmExtern;
+            if (isVmWrapper(value)) return value as VmModule | VmExtern;
             if (value instanceof Date) return value.valueOf();
             if (assumeVmValue?.(value)) return value;
             // Only functions preserve thisArg
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ export function unwrapFromVmValue(value: VmAny): unknown {
         return toVmFunctionProxy(value);
     }
     if (value == null || typeof value != 'object') return value;
-    if (!(value instanceof VmExtern)) return value;
+    if (!isVmExtern(value)) return value;
 
     if (value.thisArg == null || typeof value.value != 'function') {
         return value.value;

package/src/vm/types/checker.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,8 @@
 import { getPrototypeOf, isArray, values } from '../../helpers/utils.js';
-import {
-    isVmFunction,
-    VmModule,
-    type VmAny,
-    type VmArray,
-    type VmConst,
-    type VmImmutable,
-    type VmRecord,
-    type VmValue,
-} from './index.js';
-import { VmWrapper } from './wrapper.js';
+import type { VmAny, VmArray, VmConst, VmImmutable, VmRecord, VmValue } from './index.js';
+import { isVmWrapper } from './wrapper.js';
+import { isVmModule } from './module.js';
+import { isVmFunction } from './function.js';
 
 const MAX_DEPTH = 32;
 /**
@@ -59,7 +52,7 @@ function isVmConstInner(value: unknown, depth: number): value is VmConst {
             return true;
         case 'object':
             if (value == null) return true;
-            if (value instanceof VmWrapper) return false;
+            if (isVmWrapper(value)) return false;
             if (isArray(value)) {
                 return isVmArrayDeep(value, depth);
             } else {
@@ -92,7 +85,7 @@ export function isVmConst(value: unknown, checkDeep = false): value is VmConst {
             return true;
         case 'object':
             if (value == null) return true;
-            if (value instanceof VmWrapper) return false;
+            if (isVmWrapper(value)) return false;
             if (!checkDeep) {
                 if (isArray(value)) {
                     return isVmArrayDeep(value, 0);
@@ -122,7 +115,7 @@ export function isVmImmutable(value: unknown, checkDeep: boolean): value is VmIm
  * 检查是否为 Mirascript 不可变值
  */
 export function isVmImmutable(value: unknown, checkDeep = false): value is VmImmutable {
-    return value instanceof VmModule || isVmFunction(value) || isVmConst(value, checkDeep);
+    return isVmModule(value) || isVmFunction(value) || isVmConst(value, checkDeep);
 }
 /**
  * 检查是否为 Mirascript 合法值
@@ -152,7 +145,7 @@ export function isVmAny(value: unknown, checkDeep: boolean): value is VmAny {
             return true;
         case 'object':
             if (value == null) return true;
-            if (value instanceof VmWrapper) return true;
+            if (isVmWrapper(value)) return true;
             return isVmConst(value, checkDeep);
         case 'function':
             return isVmFunction(value);

package/src/vm/types/context.ts

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ export interface VmContext {
     readonly [kVmContext]: true;
     /** 枚举所有 key，仅在 LSP 中使用 */
     keys(): Iterable<string>;
+    /** 描述值，返回 MarkDown 文本，仅在 LSP 中使用 */
+    describe?(key: string): string | undefined;
     /** 获取指定 key 的值 `global[key]` */
     get(key: string): VmValue;
     /** 查找指定 key 是否存在 `key in global` */
@@ -91,7 +93,11 @@ class ValueVmContext implements VmContext {
     has(key: string): boolean {
         return key in this.env;
     }
-    constructor(private readonly env: VmContextRecord) {}
+    constructor(
+        private readonly env: VmContextRecord,
+        /** @inheritdoc */
+        readonly describe?: (key: string) => string | undefined,
+    ) {}
 }
 
 /** 以工厂函数为后备的实现 */
@@ -115,30 +121,36 @@ class FactoryVmContext implements VmContext {
     constructor(
         private readonly getter: (key: string) => VmValue | undefined,
         private readonly enumerator?: () => Iterable<string>,
+        /** @inheritdoc */
+        readonly describe?: (key: string) => string | undefined,
     ) {}
 }
 
+/** 以值为后备的实现 */
+type CreateVmContextWithValues = readonly [
+    vmValues?: VmContextRecord | null | undefined,
+    externValues?: Record<string, unknown> | null | undefined,
+    describer?: ((key: string) => string | undefined) | null | undefined,
+];
+/** 以工厂函数为后备的实现 */
+type CreateVmContextWithFactory = readonly [
+    getter: (key: string) => VmValue | undefined,
+    enumerator?: (() => Iterable<string>) | null | undefined,
+    describer?: ((key: string) => string | undefined) | null | undefined,
+];
+
 /** 创建用于执行脚本的执行上下文 */
-export function createVmContext(
-    ...args:
-        | readonly [
-              vmValues?: VmContextRecord | null | undefined,
-              externValues?: Record<string, unknown> | null | undefined,
-          ]
-        | readonly [
-              getter: (key: string) => VmValue | undefined,
-              enumerator?: (() => Iterable<string>) | null | undefined,
-          ]
-): VmContext {
+export function createVmContext(...args: CreateVmContextWithValues | CreateVmContextWithFactory): VmContext {
     if (args[0] == null && args[1] == null) {
         return { ...DefaultVmContext };
     }
 
     if (typeof args[0] == 'function') {
-        return new FactoryVmContext(args[0], args[1] as (() => Iterable<string>) | undefined);
+        const [getter, enumerator, describer] = args as CreateVmContextWithFactory;
+        return new FactoryVmContext(getter, enumerator ?? undefined, describer ?? undefined);
     }
 
-    const [vmValues, externValues] = args;
+    const [vmValues, externValues, describer] = args as CreateVmContextWithValues;
     const env = create(VmSharedContext) as VmContextRecord;
     if (vmValues) {
         for (const [key, value] of entries(vmValues)) {
@@ -147,11 +159,11 @@ export function createVmContext(
         }
     }
     if (externValues) {
-        for (const [key, value] of entries(externValues as Record<string, unknown>)) {
+        for (const [key, value] of entries(externValues)) {
             env[key] = value == null ? null : wrapToVmValue(value, null);
         }
     }
-    return new ValueVmContext(env);
+    return new ValueVmContext(env, describer ?? undefined);
 }
 
 /** 检查是否为执行上下文 */

package/src/vm/types/extern.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import { unwrapFromVmValue, wrapToVmValue } from './boundary.js';
 const ObjectPrototype = Object.prototype;
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/unbound-method
 const ObjectToString = ObjectPrototype.toString;
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/unbound-method
+const FunctionToString = Function.prototype.toString;
 /** 包装 Mirascript `extern` 类型的对象 */
 export class VmExtern<const T extends object = object> extends VmWrapper<T> {
     constructor(
@@ -82,14 +84,14 @@ export class VmExtern<const T extends object = object> extends VmWrapper<T> {
     }
     /** @inheritdoc */
     override same(other: VmAny): boolean {
-        if (!(other instanceof VmExtern)) return false;
+        if (!isVmExtern(other)) return false;
         return this.value === other.value && this.thisArg === other.thisArg;
     }
     /** @inheritdoc */
     override toString(): string {
         // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/unbound-method
         const { toString } = this.value;
-        if (typeof toString != 'function' || toString === ObjectToString) {
+        if (typeof toString != 'function' || toString === ObjectToString || toString === FunctionToString) {
             return super.toString();
         }
         try {
@@ -128,3 +130,10 @@ export class VmExtern<const T extends object = object> extends VmWrapper<T> {
         return tag;
     }
 }
+
+const kVmExtern = Symbol.for('mirascript.vm.extern');
+Object.defineProperty(VmExtern.prototype, kVmExtern, { value: true });
+/** 检查值是否为 Mirascript 外部值 */
+export function isVmExtern<T extends object>(value: unknown): value is VmExtern<T> {
+    return value != null && typeof value == 'object' && kVmExtern in value;
+}