@mikro-orm/core 7.0.4-dev.9 → 7.0.4

package/entity/Collection.js

@@ -7,735 +7,741 @@ import { QueryHelper } from '../utils/QueryHelper.js';
 import { inspect } from '../logging/inspect.js';
 /** Represents a to-many relation (1:m or m:n) as an iterable, managed collection of entities. */
 export class Collection {
-    owner;
-    #items = new Set();
-    #initialized = true;
-    #dirty = false;
-    #partial = false; // mark partially loaded collections, propagation is disabled for those
-    #snapshot = []; // used to create a diff of the collection at commit time, undefined marks overridden values so we need to wipe when flushing
-    #readonly;
-    #count;
-    #property;
-    #populated;
-    constructor(owner, items, initialized = true) {
-        this.owner = owner;
-        /* v8 ignore next */
-        if (items) {
-            let i = 0;
-            this.#items = new Set(items);
-            this.#items.forEach(item => (this[i++] = item));
-        }
-        this.#initialized = !!items || initialized;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Creates new Collection instance, assigns it to the owning entity and sets the items to it (propagating them to their inverse sides)
-     */
-    static create(owner, prop, items, initialized) {
-        const coll = new Collection(owner, undefined, initialized);
-        coll.property = helper(owner).__meta.properties[prop];
-        owner[prop] = coll;
-        if (items) {
-            coll.set(items);
-        }
-        return coll;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Ensures the collection is loaded first (without reloading it if it already is loaded).
-     * Returns the Collection instance (itself), works the same as `Reference.load()`.
-     */
-    async load(options = {}) {
-        if (this.isInitialized(true) && !options.refresh) {
-            const em = this.getEntityManager(this.#items, false);
-            options = { ...options, filters: QueryHelper.mergePropertyFilters(this.property.filters, options.filters) };
-            await em?.populate(this.#items, options.populate, options);
-            this.setSerializationContext(options);
-        }
-        else {
-            await this.init({ refresh: false, ...options });
-        }
-        return this;
-    }
-    setSerializationContext(options) {
-        helper(this.owner).setSerializationContext({
-            populate: Array.isArray(options.populate)
-                ? options.populate.map(hint => `${this.property.name}.${hint}`)
-                : (options.populate ?? [this.property.name]),
-        });
-    }
-    /**
-     * Initializes the collection and returns the items
-     */
-    async loadItems(options) {
-        await this.load(options);
-        return this.getItems(false);
-    }
-    /**
-     * Gets the count of collection items from database instead of counting loaded items.
-     * The value is cached (unless you use the `where` option), use `refresh: true` to force reload it.
-     */
-    async loadCount(options = {}) {
-        options = typeof options === 'boolean' ? { refresh: options } : options;
-        const { refresh, where, ...countOptions } = options;
-        if (!refresh && !where && this.#count != null) {
-            return this.#count;
-        }
-        const em = this.getEntityManager();
-        if (!em.getPlatform().usesPivotTable() &&
-            this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY &&
-            this.property.owner) {
-            return (this.#count = this.length);
-        }
-        const cond = this.createLoadCountCondition(where ?? {});
-        const count = await em.count(this.property.targetMeta.class, cond, countOptions);
-        if (!where) {
-            this.#count = count;
-        }
-        return count;
-    }
-    /** Queries a subset of the collection items from the database with custom filtering, ordering, and pagination. */
-    async matching(options) {
-        const em = this.getEntityManager();
-        const { where, ctx, ...opts } = options;
-        let items;
-        if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY && em.getPlatform().usesPivotTable()) {
-            // M:N via pivot table bypasses em.find(), so merge all 3 levels here
-            opts.orderBy = QueryHelper.mergeOrderBy(opts.orderBy, this.property.orderBy, this.property.targetMeta?.orderBy);
-            options.populate = (await em.preparePopulate(this.property.targetMeta.class, options));
-            const cond = (await em.applyFilters(this.property.targetMeta.class, where, options.filters ?? {}, 'read'));
-            const map = await em
-                .getDriver()
-                .loadFromPivotTable(this.property, [helper(this.owner).__primaryKeys], cond, opts.orderBy, ctx, options);
-            items = map[helper(this.owner).getSerializedPrimaryKey()].map((item) => em.merge(this.property.targetMeta.class, item, { convertCustomTypes: true }));
-            await em.populate(items, options.populate, options);
-        }
-        else {
-            // em.find() merges entity-level orderBy, so only merge runtime + relation here
-            opts.orderBy = QueryHelper.mergeOrderBy(opts.orderBy, this.property.orderBy);
-            items = (await em.find(this.property.targetMeta.class, this.createCondition(where), opts));
-        }
-        if (options.store) {
-            this.hydrate(items, true);
-            this.setSerializationContext(options);
-            this.populated();
-            this.#readonly = true;
-        }
-        return items;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Returns the items (the collection must be initialized)
-     */
-    getItems(check = true) {
-        if (check) {
-            this.checkInitialized();
-        }
-        return [...this.#items];
-    }
-    /** Serializes the collection items to plain JSON objects. Returns an empty array if not initialized. */
-    toJSON() {
-        if (!this.isInitialized()) {
-            return [];
-        }
-        return this.toArray();
-    }
-    /** Adds one or more items to the collection, propagating the change to the inverse side. Returns the number of items added. */
-    add(entity, ...entities) {
-        entities = Utils.asArray(entity).concat(entities);
-        const unwrapped = entities.map(i => Reference.unwrapReference(i));
-        this.validateModification(unwrapped);
-        const em = this.getEntityManager(entities, false);
-        let added = 0;
-        for (const item of entities) {
-            const entity = Reference.unwrapReference(item);
-            if (!this.contains(entity, false)) {
-                this.incrementCount(1);
-                this[this.#items.size] = entity;
-                this.#items.add(entity);
-                added++;
-                this.#dirty = true;
-                this.propagate(entity, 'add');
-            }
-        }
-        if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY && em) {
-            em.persist(entities);
-        }
-        this.cancelOrphanRemoval(unwrapped);
-        return added;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Remove specified item(s) from the collection. Note that removing item from collection does not necessarily imply deleting the target entity,
-     * it means we are disconnecting the relation - removing items from collection, not removing entities from database - `Collection.remove()`
-     * is not the same as `em.remove()`. If we want to delete the entity by removing it from collection, we need to enable `orphanRemoval: true`,
-     * which tells the ORM we don't want orphaned entities to exist, so we know those should be removed.
-     */
-    remove(entity, ...entities) {
-        if (entity instanceof Function) {
-            let removed = 0;
-            for (const item of this.#items) {
-                if (entity(item)) {
-                    removed += this.remove(item);
-                }
-            }
-            return removed;
-        }
-        this.checkInitialized();
-        entities = Utils.asArray(entity).concat(entities);
-        const unwrapped = entities.map(i => Reference.unwrapReference(i));
-        this.validateModification(unwrapped);
-        const em = this.getEntityManager(entities, false);
-        let removed = 0;
-        for (const item of entities) {
-            if (!item) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            const entity = Reference.unwrapReference(item);
-            if (this.#items.delete(entity)) {
-                this.incrementCount(-1);
-                delete this[this.#items.size]; // remove last item
-                this.propagate(entity, 'remove');
-                removed++;
-                this.#dirty = true;
-            }
-            if (this.property.orphanRemoval && em) {
-                em.getUnitOfWork().scheduleOrphanRemoval(entity);
-            }
-        }
-        if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY && !this.property.orphanRemoval && em) {
-            em.persist(entities);
-        }
-        if (removed > 0) {
-            Object.assign(this, [...this.#items]); // reassign array access
-        }
-        return removed;
-    }
-    /** Checks whether the collection contains the given item. */
-    contains(item, check = true) {
-        if (check) {
-            this.checkInitialized();
-        }
-        const entity = Reference.unwrapReference(item);
-        return this.#items.has(entity);
-    }
-    /** Returns the number of items in the collection. Throws if the collection is not initialized. */
-    count() {
-        this.checkInitialized();
-        return this.#items.size;
-    }
-    /** Returns true if the collection has no items. Throws if the collection is not initialized. */
-    isEmpty() {
-        this.checkInitialized();
-        return this.count() === 0;
-    }
-    /** Returns whether this collection should be included in serialization based on its populated state. */
-    shouldPopulate(populated) {
-        if (!this.isInitialized(true)) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        if (this.#populated != null) {
-            return this.#populated;
-        }
-        return !!populated;
-    }
-    /** Marks the collection as populated or not for serialization purposes. */
-    populated(populated = true) {
-        this.#populated = populated;
-    }
-    /** Initializes the collection by loading its items from the database. */
-    async init(options = {}) {
-        if (this.#dirty) {
-            const items = [...this.#items];
-            this.#dirty = false;
-            await this.init(options);
-            items.forEach(i => this.add(i));
-            return this;
-        }
-        const em = this.getEntityManager();
-        options = { ...options, filters: QueryHelper.mergePropertyFilters(this.property.filters, options.filters) };
-        if (options.dataloader ?? [DataloaderType.ALL, DataloaderType.COLLECTION].includes(em.config.getDataloaderType())) {
-            const order = [...this.#items]; // copy order of references
-            const orderBy = QueryHelper.mergeOrderBy(options.orderBy, this.property.orderBy, this.property.targetMeta?.orderBy);
-            const customOrder = orderBy.length > 0;
-            const pivotTable = this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY && em.getPlatform().usesPivotTable();
-            const loader = await em.getDataLoader(pivotTable ? 'm:n' : '1:m');
-            const items = await loader.load([this, { ...options, orderBy }]);
-            if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY) {
-                this.#initialized = true;
-                this.#dirty = false;
-                if (!customOrder) {
-                    this.reorderItems(items, order);
-                }
-                return this;
-            }
-            this.#items.clear();
-            let i = 0;
-            for (const item of items) {
-                this.#items.add(item);
-                this[i++] = item;
-            }
-            this.#initialized = true;
-            this.#dirty = false;
-            return this;
-        }
-        const populate = Array.isArray(options.populate)
-            ? options.populate.map(f => (f === '*' ? f : `${this.property.name}.${f}`))
-            : [`${this.property.name}${options.ref ? ':ref' : ''}`];
-        const schema = this.property.targetMeta.schema === '*' ? helper(this.owner).__schema : undefined;
-        await em.populate(this.owner, populate, {
-            refresh: true,
-            ...options,
-            connectionType: options.connectionType,
-            schema,
-            where: { [this.property.name]: options.where },
-            orderBy: { [this.property.name]: options.orderBy },
-        });
-        return this;
-    }
-    getEntityManager(items = [], required = true) {
-        const wrapped = helper(this.owner);
-        let em = wrapped.__em;
-        if (!em) {
-            for (const i of items) {
-                if (i && helper(i).__em) {
-                    em = helper(i).__em;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        if (!em && required) {
-            throw ValidationError.entityNotManaged(this.owner);
-        }
-        return em;
-    }
-    createCondition(cond = {}) {
-        if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY) {
-            cond[this.property.mappedBy] = helper(this.owner).getPrimaryKey();
-        }
-        else {
-            // MANY_TO_MANY
-            this.createManyToManyCondition(cond);
-        }
-        return cond;
-    }
-    createManyToManyCondition(cond) {
-        const dict = cond;
-        if (this.property.owner || this.property.pivotTable) {
-            // we know there is at least one item as it was checked in load method
-            const pk = this.property.targetMeta.primaryKeys[0];
-            dict[pk] = { $in: [] };
-            this.#items.forEach(item => dict[pk].$in.push(helper(item).getPrimaryKey()));
-        }
-        else {
-            dict[this.property.mappedBy] = helper(this.owner).getPrimaryKey();
-        }
-    }
-    createLoadCountCondition(cond) {
-        const wrapped = helper(this.owner);
-        const val = wrapped.__meta.compositePK ? { $in: wrapped.__primaryKeys } : wrapped.getPrimaryKey();
-        const dict = cond;
-        if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY) {
-            dict[this.property.mappedBy] = val;
-        }
-        else {
-            const key = this.property.owner ? this.property.inversedBy : this.property.mappedBy;
-            dict[key] = val;
-        }
-        return cond;
-    }
-    checkInitialized() {
-        if (!this.isInitialized()) {
-            throw new Error(`Collection<${this.property.type}> of entity ${helper(this.owner).__meta.name}[${helper(this.owner).getSerializedPrimaryKey()}] not initialized`);
-        }
-    }
-    /**
-     * re-orders items after searching with `$in` operator
-     */
-    reorderItems(items, order) {
-        if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY && this.property.owner) {
-            items.sort((a, b) => order.indexOf(a) - order.indexOf(b));
-        }
-    }
-    cancelOrphanRemoval(items) {
-        const em = this.getEntityManager(items, false);
-        if (!em) {
-            return;
-        }
-        for (const item of items) {
-            em.getUnitOfWork().cancelOrphanRemoval(item);
-        }
-    }
-    validateModification(items) {
-        if (this.#readonly) {
-            throw ValidationError.cannotModifyReadonlyCollection(this.owner, this.property);
-        }
-        const check = (item) => {
-            if (!item) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            if (!Utils.isEntity(item)) {
-                throw ValidationError.notEntity(this.owner, this.property, item);
-            }
-            // currently we allow persisting to inverse sides only in SQL drivers
-            if (this.property.pivotTable || !this.property.mappedBy) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            if (helper(item).__initialized) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            return !item[this.property.mappedBy] && this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY;
-        };
-        // throw if we are modifying inverse side of M:N collection when owning side is initialized (would be ignored when persisting)
-        if (items.some(item => check(item))) {
-            throw ValidationError.cannotModifyInverseCollection(this.owner, this.property);
-        }
-    }
-    /** Converts all items in the collection to plain DTO objects. */
-    toArray() {
-        if (this.#items.size === 0) {
-            return [];
-        }
-        return this.map(item => wrap(item).toJSON());
-    }
-    /** Returns the primary key values (or a specific field) of all items in the collection. */
-    getIdentifiers(field) {
-        const items = this.getItems();
-        const targetMeta = this.property.targetMeta;
-        if (items.length === 0) {
-            return [];
-        }
-        field ??= targetMeta.compositePK
-            ? targetMeta.primaryKeys
-            : (targetMeta.serializedPrimaryKey ?? targetMeta.primaryKeys[0]);
-        const cb = (i, f) => {
-            if (Utils.isEntity(i[f], true)) {
-                return wrap(i[f], true).getPrimaryKey();
-            }
-            return i[f];
-        };
-        return items.map(i => {
-            if (Array.isArray(field)) {
-                return field.map(f => cb(i, f));
-            }
-            return cb(i, field);
-        });
-    }
-    /**
-     * @internal
-     */
-    addWithoutPropagation(entity) {
-        if (!this.contains(entity, false)) {
-            this.incrementCount(1);
-            this[this.#items.size] = entity;
-            this.#items.add(entity);
-            this.#dirty = true;
-        }
-    }
-    /** Replaces all items in the collection with the given items. */
-    set(items) {
-        if (!this.#initialized) {
-            this.#initialized = true;
-            this.#snapshot = undefined;
-        }
-        if (this.compare(Utils.asArray(items).map(item => Reference.unwrapReference(item)))) {
-            return;
-        }
-        this.remove(this.#items);
-        this.add(items);
-    }
-    compare(items) {
-        if (items.length !== this.#items.size) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        let idx = 0;
-        for (const item of this.#items) {
-            if (item !== items[idx++]) {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-        return true;
-    }
-    /**
-     * @internal
-     */
-    hydrate(items, forcePropagate, partial) {
-        for (let i = 0; i < this.#items.size; i++) {
-            delete this[i];
-        }
-        this.#initialized = true;
-        this.#partial = !!partial;
-        this.#items.clear();
-        this.#count = 0;
-        this.add(items);
-        this.takeSnapshot(forcePropagate);
-    }
-    /**
-     * Remove all items from the collection. Note that removing items from collection does not necessarily imply deleting the target entity,
-     * it means we are disconnecting the relation - removing items from collection, not removing entities from database - `Collection.remove()`
-     * is not the same as `em.remove()`. If we want to delete the entity by removing it from collection, we need to enable `orphanRemoval: true`,
-     * which tells the ORM we don't want orphaned entities to exist, so we know those should be removed.
-     */
-    removeAll() {
-        if (!this.#initialized) {
-            this.#initialized = true;
-            this.#snapshot = undefined;
-        }
-        this.remove(this.#items);
+  owner;
+  #items = new Set();
+  #initialized = true;
+  #dirty = false;
+  #partial = false; // mark partially loaded collections, propagation is disabled for those
+  #snapshot = []; // used to create a diff of the collection at commit time, undefined marks overridden values so we need to wipe when flushing
+  #readonly;
+  #count;
+  #property;
+  #populated;
+  constructor(owner, items, initialized = true) {
+    this.owner = owner;
+    /* v8 ignore next */
+    if (items) {
+      let i = 0;
+      this.#items = new Set(items);
+      this.#items.forEach(item => (this[i++] = item));
+    }
+    this.#initialized = !!items || initialized;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Creates new Collection instance, assigns it to the owning entity and sets the items to it (propagating them to their inverse sides)
+   */
+  static create(owner, prop, items, initialized) {
+    const coll = new Collection(owner, undefined, initialized);
+    coll.property = helper(owner).__meta.properties[prop];
+    owner[prop] = coll;
+    if (items) {
+      coll.set(items);
+    }
+    return coll;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Ensures the collection is loaded first (without reloading it if it already is loaded).
+   * Returns the Collection instance (itself), works the same as `Reference.load()`.
+   */
+  async load(options = {}) {
+    if (this.isInitialized(true) && !options.refresh) {
+      const em = this.getEntityManager(this.#items, false);
+      options = { ...options, filters: QueryHelper.mergePropertyFilters(this.property.filters, options.filters) };
+      await em?.populate(this.#items, options.populate, options);
+      this.setSerializationContext(options);
+    } else {
+      await this.init({ refresh: false, ...options });
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+  setSerializationContext(options) {
+    helper(this.owner).setSerializationContext({
+      populate: Array.isArray(options.populate)
+        ? options.populate.map(hint => `${this.property.name}.${hint}`)
+        : (options.populate ?? [this.property.name]),
+    });
+  }
+  /**
+   * Initializes the collection and returns the items
+   */
+  async loadItems(options) {
+    await this.load(options);
+    return this.getItems(false);
+  }
+  /**
+   * Gets the count of collection items from database instead of counting loaded items.
+   * The value is cached (unless you use the `where` option), use `refresh: true` to force reload it.
+   */
+  async loadCount(options = {}) {
+    options = typeof options === 'boolean' ? { refresh: options } : options;
+    const { refresh, where, ...countOptions } = options;
+    if (!refresh && !where && this.#count != null) {
+      return this.#count;
+    }
+    const em = this.getEntityManager();
+    if (
+      !em.getPlatform().usesPivotTable() &&
+      this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY &&
+      this.property.owner
+    ) {
+      return (this.#count = this.length);
+    }
+    const cond = this.createLoadCountCondition(where ?? {});
+    const count = await em.count(this.property.targetMeta.class, cond, countOptions);
+    if (!where) {
+      this.#count = count;
+    }
+    return count;
+  }
+  /** Queries a subset of the collection items from the database with custom filtering, ordering, and pagination. */
+  async matching(options) {
+    const em = this.getEntityManager();
+    const { where, ctx, ...opts } = options;
+    let items;
+    if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY && em.getPlatform().usesPivotTable()) {
+      // M:N via pivot table bypasses em.find(), so merge all 3 levels here
+      opts.orderBy = QueryHelper.mergeOrderBy(opts.orderBy, this.property.orderBy, this.property.targetMeta?.orderBy);
+      options.populate = await em.preparePopulate(this.property.targetMeta.class, options);
+      const cond = await em.applyFilters(this.property.targetMeta.class, where, options.filters ?? {}, 'read');
+      const map = await em
+        .getDriver()
+        .loadFromPivotTable(this.property, [helper(this.owner).__primaryKeys], cond, opts.orderBy, ctx, options);
+      items = map[helper(this.owner).getSerializedPrimaryKey()].map(item =>
+        em.merge(this.property.targetMeta.class, item, { convertCustomTypes: true }),
+      );
+      await em.populate(items, options.populate, options);
+    } else {
+      // em.find() merges entity-level orderBy, so only merge runtime + relation here
+      opts.orderBy = QueryHelper.mergeOrderBy(opts.orderBy, this.property.orderBy);
+      items = await em.find(this.property.targetMeta.class, this.createCondition(where), opts);
+    }
+    if (options.store) {
+      this.hydrate(items, true);
+      this.setSerializationContext(options);
+      this.populated();
+      this.#readonly = true;
+    }
+    return items;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Returns the items (the collection must be initialized)
+   */
+  getItems(check = true) {
+    if (check) {
+      this.checkInitialized();
+    }
+    return [...this.#items];
+  }
+  /** Serializes the collection items to plain JSON objects. Returns an empty array if not initialized. */
+  toJSON() {
+    if (!this.isInitialized()) {
+      return [];
+    }
+    return this.toArray();
+  }
+  /** Adds one or more items to the collection, propagating the change to the inverse side. Returns the number of items added. */
+  add(entity, ...entities) {
+    entities = Utils.asArray(entity).concat(entities);
+    const unwrapped = entities.map(i => Reference.unwrapReference(i));
+    this.validateModification(unwrapped);
+    const em = this.getEntityManager(entities, false);
+    let added = 0;
+    for (const item of entities) {
+      const entity = Reference.unwrapReference(item);
+      if (!this.contains(entity, false)) {
+        this.incrementCount(1);
+        this[this.#items.size] = entity;
+        this.#items.add(entity);
+        added++;
         this.#dirty = true;
-    }
-    /**
-     * @internal
-     */
-    removeWithoutPropagation(entity) {
-        if (!this.#items.delete(entity)) {
-            return;
-        }
+        this.propagate(entity, 'add');
+      }
+    }
+    if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY && em) {
+      em.persist(entities);
+    }
+    this.cancelOrphanRemoval(unwrapped);
+    return added;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Remove specified item(s) from the collection. Note that removing item from collection does not necessarily imply deleting the target entity,
+   * it means we are disconnecting the relation - removing items from collection, not removing entities from database - `Collection.remove()`
+   * is not the same as `em.remove()`. If we want to delete the entity by removing it from collection, we need to enable `orphanRemoval: true`,
+   * which tells the ORM we don't want orphaned entities to exist, so we know those should be removed.
+   */
+  remove(entity, ...entities) {
+    if (entity instanceof Function) {
+      let removed = 0;
+      for (const item of this.#items) {
+        if (entity(item)) {
+          removed += this.remove(item);
+        }
+      }
+      return removed;
+    }
+    this.checkInitialized();
+    entities = Utils.asArray(entity).concat(entities);
+    const unwrapped = entities.map(i => Reference.unwrapReference(i));
+    this.validateModification(unwrapped);
+    const em = this.getEntityManager(entities, false);
+    let removed = 0;
+    for (const item of entities) {
+      if (!item) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      const entity = Reference.unwrapReference(item);
+      if (this.#items.delete(entity)) {
         this.incrementCount(-1);
-        delete this[this.#items.size];
-        Object.assign(this, [...this.#items]);
+        delete this[this.#items.size]; // remove last item
+        this.propagate(entity, 'remove');
+        removed++;
         this.#dirty = true;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Extracts a slice of the collection items starting at position start to end (exclusive) of the collection.
-     * If end is null it returns all elements from start to the end of the collection.
-     */
-    slice(start = 0, end) {
-        this.checkInitialized();
-        let index = 0;
-        end ??= this.#items.size;
-        const items = [];
-        for (const item of this.#items) {
-            if (index === end) {
-                break;
-            }
-            if (index >= start && index < end) {
-                items.push(item);
-            }
-            index++;
-        }
-        return items;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Tests for the existence of an element that satisfies the given predicate.
-     */
-    exists(cb) {
-        this.checkInitialized();
-        for (const item of this.#items) {
-            if (cb(item)) {
-                return true;
-            }
+      }
+      if (this.property.orphanRemoval && em) {
+        em.getUnitOfWork().scheduleOrphanRemoval(entity);
+      }
+    }
+    if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY && !this.property.orphanRemoval && em) {
+      em.persist(entities);
+    }
+    if (removed > 0) {
+      Object.assign(this, [...this.#items]); // reassign array access
+    }
+    return removed;
+  }
+  /** Checks whether the collection contains the given item. */
+  contains(item, check = true) {
+    if (check) {
+      this.checkInitialized();
+    }
+    const entity = Reference.unwrapReference(item);
+    return this.#items.has(entity);
+  }
+  /** Returns the number of items in the collection. Throws if the collection is not initialized. */
+  count() {
+    this.checkInitialized();
+    return this.#items.size;
+  }
+  /** Returns true if the collection has no items. Throws if the collection is not initialized. */
+  isEmpty() {
+    this.checkInitialized();
+    return this.count() === 0;
+  }
+  /** Returns whether this collection should be included in serialization based on its populated state. */
+  shouldPopulate(populated) {
+    if (!this.isInitialized(true)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (this.#populated != null) {
+      return this.#populated;
+    }
+    return !!populated;
+  }
+  /** Marks the collection as populated or not for serialization purposes. */
+  populated(populated = true) {
+    this.#populated = populated;
+  }
+  /** Initializes the collection by loading its items from the database. */
+  async init(options = {}) {
+    if (this.#dirty) {
+      const items = [...this.#items];
+      this.#dirty = false;
+      await this.init(options);
+      items.forEach(i => this.add(i));
+      return this;
+    }
+    const em = this.getEntityManager();
+    options = { ...options, filters: QueryHelper.mergePropertyFilters(this.property.filters, options.filters) };
+    if (options.dataloader ?? [DataloaderType.ALL, DataloaderType.COLLECTION].includes(em.config.getDataloaderType())) {
+      const order = [...this.#items]; // copy order of references
+      const orderBy = QueryHelper.mergeOrderBy(
+        options.orderBy,
+        this.property.orderBy,
+        this.property.targetMeta?.orderBy,
+      );
+      const customOrder = orderBy.length > 0;
+      const pivotTable = this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY && em.getPlatform().usesPivotTable();
+      const loader = await em.getDataLoader(pivotTable ? 'm:n' : '1:m');
+      const items = await loader.load([this, { ...options, orderBy }]);
+      if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY) {
+        this.#initialized = true;
+        this.#dirty = false;
+        if (!customOrder) {
+          this.reorderItems(items, order);
         }
+        return this;
+      }
+      this.#items.clear();
+      let i = 0;
+      for (const item of items) {
+        this.#items.add(item);
+        this[i++] = item;
+      }
+      this.#initialized = true;
+      this.#dirty = false;
+      return this;
+    }
+    const populate = Array.isArray(options.populate)
+      ? options.populate.map(f => (f === '*' ? f : `${this.property.name}.${f}`))
+      : [`${this.property.name}${options.ref ? ':ref' : ''}`];
+    const schema = this.property.targetMeta.schema === '*' ? helper(this.owner).__schema : undefined;
+    await em.populate(this.owner, populate, {
+      refresh: true,
+      ...options,
+      connectionType: options.connectionType,
+      schema,
+      where: { [this.property.name]: options.where },
+      orderBy: { [this.property.name]: options.orderBy },
+    });
+    return this;
+  }
+  getEntityManager(items = [], required = true) {
+    const wrapped = helper(this.owner);
+    let em = wrapped.__em;
+    if (!em) {
+      for (const i of items) {
+        if (i && helper(i).__em) {
+          em = helper(i).__em;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if (!em && required) {
+      throw ValidationError.entityNotManaged(this.owner);
+    }
+    return em;
+  }
+  createCondition(cond = {}) {
+    if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY) {
+      cond[this.property.mappedBy] = helper(this.owner).getPrimaryKey();
+    } else {
+      // MANY_TO_MANY
+      this.createManyToManyCondition(cond);
+    }
+    return cond;
+  }
+  createManyToManyCondition(cond) {
+    const dict = cond;
+    if (this.property.owner || this.property.pivotTable) {
+      // we know there is at least one item as it was checked in load method
+      const pk = this.property.targetMeta.primaryKeys[0];
+      dict[pk] = { $in: [] };
+      this.#items.forEach(item => dict[pk].$in.push(helper(item).getPrimaryKey()));
+    } else {
+      dict[this.property.mappedBy] = helper(this.owner).getPrimaryKey();
+    }
+  }
+  createLoadCountCondition(cond) {
+    const wrapped = helper(this.owner);
+    const val = wrapped.__meta.compositePK ? { $in: wrapped.__primaryKeys } : wrapped.getPrimaryKey();
+    const dict = cond;
+    if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY) {
+      dict[this.property.mappedBy] = val;
+    } else {
+      const key = this.property.owner ? this.property.inversedBy : this.property.mappedBy;
+      dict[key] = val;
+    }
+    return cond;
+  }
+  checkInitialized() {
+    if (!this.isInitialized()) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Collection<${this.property.type}> of entity ${helper(this.owner).__meta.name}[${helper(this.owner).getSerializedPrimaryKey()}] not initialized`,
+      );
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * re-orders items after searching with `$in` operator
+   */
+  reorderItems(items, order) {
+    if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY && this.property.owner) {
+      items.sort((a, b) => order.indexOf(a) - order.indexOf(b));
+    }
+  }
+  cancelOrphanRemoval(items) {
+    const em = this.getEntityManager(items, false);
+    if (!em) {
+      return;
+    }
+    for (const item of items) {
+      em.getUnitOfWork().cancelOrphanRemoval(item);
+    }
+  }
+  validateModification(items) {
+    if (this.#readonly) {
+      throw ValidationError.cannotModifyReadonlyCollection(this.owner, this.property);
+    }
+    const check = item => {
+      if (!item) {
         return false;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Returns the first element of this collection that satisfies the predicate.
-     */
-    find(cb) {
-        this.checkInitialized();
-        let index = 0;
-        for (const item of this.#items) {
-            if (cb(item, index++)) {
-                return item;
-            }
-        }
-        return undefined;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Extracts a subset of the collection items.
-     */
-    filter(cb) {
-        this.checkInitialized();
-        const items = [];
-        let index = 0;
-        for (const item of this.#items) {
-            if (cb(item, index++)) {
-                items.push(item);
-            }
-        }
-        return items;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Maps the collection items based on your provided mapper function.
-     */
-    map(mapper) {
-        this.checkInitialized();
-        const items = [];
-        let index = 0;
-        for (const item of this.#items) {
-            items.push(mapper(item, index++));
-        }
-        return items;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Maps the collection items based on your provided mapper function to a single object.
-     */
-    reduce(cb, initial = {}) {
-        this.checkInitialized();
-        let index = 0;
-        for (const item of this.#items) {
-            initial = cb(initial, item, index++);
-        }
-        return initial;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Maps the collection items to a dictionary, indexed by the key you specify.
-     * If there are more items with the same key, only the first one will be present.
-     */
-    indexBy(key, valueKey) {
-        return this.reduce((obj, item) => {
-            obj[item[key]] ??= valueKey ? item[valueKey] : item;
-            return obj;
-        }, {});
-    }
-    /** Returns whether the collection has been initialized. Pass `fully = true` to also check that all items are initialized. */
-    isInitialized(fully = false) {
-        if (!this.#initialized || !fully) {
-            return this.#initialized;
-        }
-        for (const item of this.#items) {
-            if (!helper(item).__initialized) {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
+      }
+      if (!Utils.isEntity(item)) {
+        throw ValidationError.notEntity(this.owner, this.property, item);
+      }
+      // currently we allow persisting to inverse sides only in SQL drivers
+      if (this.property.pivotTable || !this.property.mappedBy) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (helper(item).__initialized) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      return !item[this.property.mappedBy] && this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY;
+    };
+    // throw if we are modifying inverse side of M:N collection when owning side is initialized (would be ignored when persisting)
+    if (items.some(item => check(item))) {
+      throw ValidationError.cannotModifyInverseCollection(this.owner, this.property);
+    }
+  }
+  /** Converts all items in the collection to plain DTO objects. */
+  toArray() {
+    if (this.#items.size === 0) {
+      return [];
+    }
+    return this.map(item => wrap(item).toJSON());
+  }
+  /** Returns the primary key values (or a specific field) of all items in the collection. */
+  getIdentifiers(field) {
+    const items = this.getItems();
+    const targetMeta = this.property.targetMeta;
+    if (items.length === 0) {
+      return [];
+    }
+    field ??= targetMeta.compositePK
+      ? targetMeta.primaryKeys
+      : (targetMeta.serializedPrimaryKey ?? targetMeta.primaryKeys[0]);
+    const cb = (i, f) => {
+      if (Utils.isEntity(i[f], true)) {
+        return wrap(i[f], true).getPrimaryKey();
+      }
+      return i[f];
+    };
+    return items.map(i => {
+      if (Array.isArray(field)) {
+        return field.map(f => cb(i, f));
+      }
+      return cb(i, field);
+    });
+  }
+  /**
+   * @internal
+   */
+  addWithoutPropagation(entity) {
+    if (!this.contains(entity, false)) {
+      this.incrementCount(1);
+      this[this.#items.size] = entity;
+      this.#items.add(entity);
+      this.#dirty = true;
+    }
+  }
+  /** Replaces all items in the collection with the given items. */
+  set(items) {
+    if (!this.#initialized) {
+      this.#initialized = true;
+      this.#snapshot = undefined;
+    }
+    if (this.compare(Utils.asArray(items).map(item => Reference.unwrapReference(item)))) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this.remove(this.#items);
+    this.add(items);
+  }
+  compare(items) {
+    if (items.length !== this.#items.size) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    let idx = 0;
+    for (const item of this.#items) {
+      if (item !== items[idx++]) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * @internal
+   */
+  hydrate(items, forcePropagate, partial) {
+    for (let i = 0; i < this.#items.size; i++) {
+      delete this[i];
+    }
+    this.#initialized = true;
+    this.#partial = !!partial;
+    this.#items.clear();
+    this.#count = 0;
+    this.add(items);
+    this.takeSnapshot(forcePropagate);
+  }
+  /**
+   * Remove all items from the collection. Note that removing items from collection does not necessarily imply deleting the target entity,
+   * it means we are disconnecting the relation - removing items from collection, not removing entities from database - `Collection.remove()`
+   * is not the same as `em.remove()`. If we want to delete the entity by removing it from collection, we need to enable `orphanRemoval: true`,
+   * which tells the ORM we don't want orphaned entities to exist, so we know those should be removed.
+   */
+  removeAll() {
+    if (!this.#initialized) {
+      this.#initialized = true;
+      this.#snapshot = undefined;
+    }
+    this.remove(this.#items);
+    this.#dirty = true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * @internal
+   */
+  removeWithoutPropagation(entity) {
+    if (!this.#items.delete(entity)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this.incrementCount(-1);
+    delete this[this.#items.size];
+    Object.assign(this, [...this.#items]);
+    this.#dirty = true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Extracts a slice of the collection items starting at position start to end (exclusive) of the collection.
+   * If end is null it returns all elements from start to the end of the collection.
+   */
+  slice(start = 0, end) {
+    this.checkInitialized();
+    let index = 0;
+    end ??= this.#items.size;
+    const items = [];
+    for (const item of this.#items) {
+      if (index === end) {
+        break;
+      }
+      if (index >= start && index < end) {
+        items.push(item);
+      }
+      index++;
+    }
+    return items;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Tests for the existence of an element that satisfies the given predicate.
+   */
+  exists(cb) {
+    this.checkInitialized();
+    for (const item of this.#items) {
+      if (cb(item)) {
         return true;
-    }
-    isDirty() {
-        return this.#dirty;
-    }
-    /** Returns whether the collection was partially loaded (propagation is disabled for partial collections). */
-    isPartial() {
-        return this.#partial;
-    }
-    setDirty(dirty = true) {
-        this.#dirty = dirty;
-    }
-    get length() {
-        return this.count();
-    }
-    *[Symbol.iterator]() {
-        for (const item of this.getItems()) {
-            yield item;
-        }
-    }
-    /**
-     * @internal
-     */
-    takeSnapshot(forcePropagate) {
-        this.#snapshot = [...this.#items];
-        this.#dirty = false;
-        if (this.property.owner || forcePropagate) {
-            this.#items.forEach(item => {
-                this.propagate(item, 'takeSnapshot');
-            });
-        }
-    }
-    /**
-     * @internal
-     */
-    getSnapshot() {
-        return this.#snapshot;
-    }
-    /**
-     * @internal
-     */
-    get property() {
-        // cannot be typed to `EntityProperty<O, T>` as it causes issues in assignability of `Loaded` type
-        if (!this.#property) {
-            const meta = wrap(this.owner, true).__meta;
-            /* v8 ignore next */
-            if (!meta) {
-                throw MetadataError.fromUnknownEntity(this.owner.constructor.name, 'Collection.property getter, maybe you just forgot to initialize the ORM?');
-            }
-            this.#property = meta.relations.find(prop => this.owner[prop.name] === this);
-        }
-        return this.#property;
-    }
-    /**
-     * @internal
-     */
-    set property(prop) {
-        // cannot be typed to `EntityProperty<O, T>` as it causes issues in assignability of `Loaded` type
-        this.#property = prop;
-    }
-    propagate(item, method) {
-        if (this.property.owner && this.property.inversedBy) {
-            this.propagateToInverseSide(item, method);
-        }
-        else if (!this.property.owner && this.property.mappedBy) {
-            this.propagateToOwningSide(item, method);
-        }
-    }
-    propagateToInverseSide(item, method) {
-        const collection = item[this.property.inversedBy];
-        if (this.shouldPropagateToCollection(collection, method)) {
-            method = method === 'takeSnapshot' ? method : (method + 'WithoutPropagation');
-            collection[method](this.owner);
-        }
-    }
-    propagateToOwningSide(item, method) {
-        const mappedBy = this.property.mappedBy;
-        const collection = item[mappedBy];
-        if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY) {
-            if (this.shouldPropagateToCollection(collection, method)) {
-                collection[method](this.owner);
-            }
-        }
-        else if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY && method !== 'takeSnapshot') {
-            const prop2 = this.property.targetMeta.properties[mappedBy];
-            const owner = prop2.mapToPk ? helper(this.owner).getPrimaryKey() : this.owner;
-            const value = method === 'add' ? owner : null;
-            if (this.property.orphanRemoval && method === 'remove') {
-                // cache the PK before we propagate, as its value might be needed when flushing
-                helper(item).__pk = helper(item).getPrimaryKey();
-            }
-            if (!prop2.nullable && prop2.deleteRule !== 'cascade' && method === 'remove') {
-                if (!this.property.orphanRemoval) {
-                    throw ValidationError.cannotRemoveFromCollectionWithoutOrphanRemoval(this.owner, this.property);
-                }
-                return;
-            }
-            // skip if already propagated
-            if (Reference.unwrapReference(item[mappedBy]) !== value) {
-                item[mappedBy] = value;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    shouldPropagateToCollection(collection, method) {
-        if (!collection) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        switch (method) {
-            case 'add':
-                return !collection.contains(this.owner, false);
-            case 'remove':
-                return collection.isInitialized() && collection.contains(this.owner, false);
-            case 'takeSnapshot':
-                return collection.isDirty();
-        }
-    }
-    incrementCount(value) {
-        if (typeof this.#count === 'number' && this.#initialized) {
-            this.#count += value;
-        }
-    }
-    /** @ignore */
-    [Symbol.for('nodejs.util.inspect.custom')](depth = 2) {
-        const object = { ...this };
-        delete object.owner;
-        object.initialized = this.#initialized;
-        object.dirty = this.#dirty;
-        const ret = inspect(object, { depth });
-        const name = `${this.constructor.name}<${this.property?.type ?? 'unknown'}>`;
-        return ret === '[Object]' ? `[${name}]` : name + ' ' + ret;
-    }
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Returns the first element of this collection that satisfies the predicate.
+   */
+  find(cb) {
+    this.checkInitialized();
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const item of this.#items) {
+      if (cb(item, index++)) {
+        return item;
+      }
+    }
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Extracts a subset of the collection items.
+   */
+  filter(cb) {
+    this.checkInitialized();
+    const items = [];
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const item of this.#items) {
+      if (cb(item, index++)) {
+        items.push(item);
+      }
+    }
+    return items;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Maps the collection items based on your provided mapper function.
+   */
+  map(mapper) {
+    this.checkInitialized();
+    const items = [];
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const item of this.#items) {
+      items.push(mapper(item, index++));
+    }
+    return items;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Maps the collection items based on your provided mapper function to a single object.
+   */
+  reduce(cb, initial = {}) {
+    this.checkInitialized();
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const item of this.#items) {
+      initial = cb(initial, item, index++);
+    }
+    return initial;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Maps the collection items to a dictionary, indexed by the key you specify.
+   * If there are more items with the same key, only the first one will be present.
+   */
+  indexBy(key, valueKey) {
+    return this.reduce((obj, item) => {
+      obj[item[key]] ??= valueKey ? item[valueKey] : item;
+      return obj;
+    }, {});
+  }
+  /** Returns whether the collection has been initialized. Pass `fully = true` to also check that all items are initialized. */
+  isInitialized(fully = false) {
+    if (!this.#initialized || !fully) {
+      return this.#initialized;
+    }
+    for (const item of this.#items) {
+      if (!helper(item).__initialized) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  isDirty() {
+    return this.#dirty;
+  }
+  /** Returns whether the collection was partially loaded (propagation is disabled for partial collections). */
+  isPartial() {
+    return this.#partial;
+  }
+  setDirty(dirty = true) {
+    this.#dirty = dirty;
+  }
+  get length() {
+    return this.count();
+  }
+  *[Symbol.iterator]() {
+    for (const item of this.getItems()) {
+      yield item;
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * @internal
+   */
+  takeSnapshot(forcePropagate) {
+    this.#snapshot = [...this.#items];
+    this.#dirty = false;
+    if (this.property.owner || forcePropagate) {
+      this.#items.forEach(item => {
+        this.propagate(item, 'takeSnapshot');
+      });
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * @internal
+   */
+  getSnapshot() {
+    return this.#snapshot;
+  }
+  /**
+   * @internal
+   */
+  get property() {
+    // cannot be typed to `EntityProperty<O, T>` as it causes issues in assignability of `Loaded` type
+    if (!this.#property) {
+      const meta = wrap(this.owner, true).__meta;
+      /* v8 ignore next */
+      if (!meta) {
+        throw MetadataError.fromUnknownEntity(
+          this.owner.constructor.name,
+          'Collection.property getter, maybe you just forgot to initialize the ORM?',
+        );
+      }
+      this.#property = meta.relations.find(prop => this.owner[prop.name] === this);
+    }
+    return this.#property;
+  }
+  /**
+   * @internal
+   */
+  set property(prop) {
+    // cannot be typed to `EntityProperty<O, T>` as it causes issues in assignability of `Loaded` type
+    this.#property = prop;
+  }
+  propagate(item, method) {
+    if (this.property.owner && this.property.inversedBy) {
+      this.propagateToInverseSide(item, method);
+    } else if (!this.property.owner && this.property.mappedBy) {
+      this.propagateToOwningSide(item, method);
+    }
+  }
+  propagateToInverseSide(item, method) {
+    const collection = item[this.property.inversedBy];
+    if (this.shouldPropagateToCollection(collection, method)) {
+      method = method === 'takeSnapshot' ? method : method + 'WithoutPropagation';
+      collection[method](this.owner);
+    }
+  }
+  propagateToOwningSide(item, method) {
+    const mappedBy = this.property.mappedBy;
+    const collection = item[mappedBy];
+    if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY) {
+      if (this.shouldPropagateToCollection(collection, method)) {
+        collection[method](this.owner);
+      }
+    } else if (this.property.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY && method !== 'takeSnapshot') {
+      const prop2 = this.property.targetMeta.properties[mappedBy];
+      const owner = prop2.mapToPk ? helper(this.owner).getPrimaryKey() : this.owner;
+      const value = method === 'add' ? owner : null;
+      if (this.property.orphanRemoval && method === 'remove') {
+        // cache the PK before we propagate, as its value might be needed when flushing
+        helper(item).__pk = helper(item).getPrimaryKey();
+      }
+      if (!prop2.nullable && prop2.deleteRule !== 'cascade' && method === 'remove') {
+        if (!this.property.orphanRemoval) {
+          throw ValidationError.cannotRemoveFromCollectionWithoutOrphanRemoval(this.owner, this.property);
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+      // skip if already propagated
+      if (Reference.unwrapReference(item[mappedBy]) !== value) {
+        item[mappedBy] = value;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  shouldPropagateToCollection(collection, method) {
+    if (!collection) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    switch (method) {
+      case 'add':
+        return !collection.contains(this.owner, false);
+      case 'remove':
+        return collection.isInitialized() && collection.contains(this.owner, false);
+      case 'takeSnapshot':
+        return collection.isDirty();
+    }
+  }
+  incrementCount(value) {
+    if (typeof this.#count === 'number' && this.#initialized) {
+      this.#count += value;
+    }
+  }
+  /** @ignore */
+  [Symbol.for('nodejs.util.inspect.custom')](depth = 2) {
+    const object = { ...this };
+    delete object.owner;
+    object.initialized = this.#initialized;
+    object.dirty = this.#dirty;
+    const ret = inspect(object, { depth });
+    const name = `${this.constructor.name}<${this.property?.type ?? 'unknown'}>`;
+    return ret === '[Object]' ? `[${name}]` : name + ' ' + ret;
+  }
 }
 Object.defineProperties(Collection.prototype, {
-    $: {
-        get() {
-            return this;
-        },
+  $: {
+    get() {
+      return this;
     },
-    get: {
-        get() {
-            return () => this;
-        },
+  },
+  get: {
+    get() {
+      return () => this;
     },
-    __collection: { value: true, enumerable: false, writable: false },
+  },
+  __collection: { value: true, enumerable: false, writable: false },
 });