@mikro-orm/core 7.0.0-dev.99 → 7.0.0-rc.1

package/unit-of-work/CommitOrderCalculator.js

@@ -17,26 +17,26 @@ export var NodeState;
  */
 export class CommitOrderCalculator {
     /** Matrix of nodes, keys are provided hashes and values are the node definition objects. */
-    nodes = {};
+    nodes = new Map();
     /** Volatile variable holding calculated nodes during sorting process. */
     sortedNodeList = [];
     /**
      * Checks for node existence in graph.
      */
     hasNode(hash) {
-        return hash in this.nodes;
+        return this.nodes.has(hash);
     }
     /**
      * Adds a new node to the graph, assigning its hash.
      */
     addNode(hash) {
-        this.nodes[hash] = { hash, state: 0 /* NodeState.NOT_VISITED */, dependencies: {} };
+        this.nodes.set(hash, { hash, state: 0 /* NodeState.NOT_VISITED */, dependencies: new Map() });
     }
     /**
      * Adds a new dependency (edge) to the graph using their hashes.
      */
     addDependency(from, to, weight) {
-        this.nodes[from].dependencies[to] = { from, to, weight };
+        this.nodes.get(from).dependencies.set(to, { from, to, weight });
     }
     discoverProperty(prop, entityName) {
         const toOneOwner = (prop.kind === ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_ONE && prop.owner) || prop.kind === ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_ONE;
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ export class CommitOrderCalculator {
         if (!toOneOwner && !toManyOwner) {
             return;
         }
-        const propertyType = prop.targetMeta?.root.className;
-        if (!propertyType || !this.hasNode(propertyType)) {
+        const propertyType = prop.targetMeta?.root._id;
+        if (propertyType == null || !this.hasNode(propertyType)) {
             return;
         }
         this.addDependency(propertyType, entityName, prop.nullable || prop.persist === false ? 0 : 1);
@@ -57,14 +57,14 @@ export class CommitOrderCalculator {
      * @internal Highly performance-sensitive method.
      */
     sort() {
-        for (const vertex of Object.values(this.nodes)) {
+        for (const vertex of this.nodes.values()) {
             if (vertex.state !== 0 /* NodeState.NOT_VISITED */) {
                 continue;
             }
             this.visit(vertex);
         }
         const sortedList = this.sortedNodeList.reverse();
-        this.nodes = {};
+        this.nodes = new Map();
         this.sortedNodeList = [];
         return sortedList;
     }
@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ export class CommitOrderCalculator {
      */
     visit(node) {
         node.state = 1 /* NodeState.IN_PROGRESS */;
-        for (const edge of Object.values(node.dependencies)) {
-            const target = this.nodes[edge.to];
+        for (const edge of node.dependencies.values()) {
+            const target = this.nodes.get(edge.to);
             switch (target.state) {
                 case 2 /* NodeState.VISITED */: break; // Do nothing, since node was already visited
                 case 1 /* NodeState.IN_PROGRESS */:
@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ export class CommitOrderCalculator {
      * Visits all target's dependencies if in cycle with given node
      */
     visitOpenNode(node, target, edge) {
-        if (!target.dependencies[node.hash] || target.dependencies[node.hash].weight >= edge.weight) {
+        if (!target.dependencies.has(node.hash) || target.dependencies.get(node.hash).weight >= edge.weight) {
             return;
         }
-        for (const edge of Object.values(target.dependencies)) {
-            const targetNode = this.nodes[edge.to];
+        for (const edge of target.dependencies.values()) {
+            const targetNode = this.nodes.get(edge.to);
             if (targetNode.state === 0 /* NodeState.NOT_VISITED */) {
                 this.visit(targetNode);
             }

package/unit-of-work/IdentityMap.d.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,14 @@ export declare class IdentityMap {
     private readonly defaultSchema?;
     constructor(defaultSchema?: string | undefined);
     private readonly registry;
+    /** Tracks alternate key hashes for each entity so we can clean them up on delete */
+    private readonly alternateKeys;
     store<T>(item: T): void;
+    /**
+     * Stores an entity under an alternate key (non-PK property).
+     * This allows looking up entities by unique properties that are not the primary key.
+     */
+    storeByKey<T>(item: T, key: string, value: string, schema?: string): void;
     delete<T>(item: T): void;
     getByHash<T>(meta: EntityMetadata<T>, hash: string): T | undefined;
     getStore<T>(meta: EntityMetadata<T>): Map<string, T>;
@@ -16,4 +23,9 @@ export declare class IdentityMap {
      */
     get<T>(hash: string): T | undefined;
     private getPkHash;
+    /**
+     * Creates a hash for an alternate key lookup.
+     * Format: `[key]value` or `schema:[key]value`
+     */
+    getKeyHash(key: string, value: string, schema?: string): string;
 }

package/unit-of-work/IdentityMap.js

@@ -4,11 +4,38 @@ export class IdentityMap {
         this.defaultSchema = defaultSchema;
     }
     registry = new Map();
+    /** Tracks alternate key hashes for each entity so we can clean them up on delete */
+    alternateKeys = new WeakMap();
     store(item) {
         this.getStore(item.__meta.root).set(this.getPkHash(item), item);
     }
+    /**
+     * Stores an entity under an alternate key (non-PK property).
+     * This allows looking up entities by unique properties that are not the primary key.
+     */
+    storeByKey(item, key, value, schema) {
+        const hash = this.getKeyHash(key, value, schema);
+        this.getStore(item.__meta.root).set(hash, item);
+        // Track this alternate key so we can clean it up when the entity is deleted
+        let keys = this.alternateKeys.get(item);
+        if (!keys) {
+            keys = new Set();
+            this.alternateKeys.set(item, keys);
+        }
+        keys.add(hash);
+    }
     delete(item) {
-        this.getStore(item.__meta.root).delete(this.getPkHash(item));
+        const meta = item.__meta.root;
+        const store = this.getStore(meta);
+        store.delete(this.getPkHash(item));
+        // Also delete any alternate key entries for this entity
+        const altKeys = this.alternateKeys.get(item);
+        if (altKeys) {
+            for (const hash of altKeys) {
+                store.delete(hash);
+            }
+            this.alternateKeys.delete(item);
+        }
     }
     getByHash(meta, hash) {
         const store = this.getStore(meta);
@@ -69,4 +96,15 @@ export class IdentityMap {
         }
         return hash;
     }
+    /**
+     * Creates a hash for an alternate key lookup.
+     * Format: `[key]value` or `schema:[key]value`
+     */
+    getKeyHash(key, value, schema) {
+        const hash = `[${key}]${value}`;
+        if (schema) {
+            return schema + ':' + hash;
+        }
+        return hash;
+    }
 }

package/unit-of-work/UnitOfWork.d.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { AnyEntity, EntityData, EntityMetadata, EntityProperty, FilterQuery, Primary } from '../typings.js';
+import type { AnyEntity, EntityData, EntityMetadata, EntityName, EntityProperty, FilterQuery, Primary } from '../typings.js';
 import { Collection } from '../entity/Collection.js';
 import { Reference } from '../entity/Reference.js';
 import { ChangeSet, ChangeSetType } from './ChangeSet.js';
@@ -45,8 +45,21 @@ export declare class UnitOfWork {
     /**
      * Returns entity from the identity map. For composite keys, you need to pass an array of PKs in the same order as they are defined in `meta.primaryKeys`.
      */
-    getById<T extends object>(entityName: string, id: Primary<T> | Primary<T>[], schema?: string, convertCustomTypes?: boolean): T | undefined;
-    tryGetById<T extends object>(entityName: string, where: FilterQuery<T>, schema?: string, strict?: boolean): T | null;
+    getById<T extends object>(entityName: EntityName<T>, id: Primary<T> | Primary<T>[], schema?: string, convertCustomTypes?: boolean): T | undefined;
+    /**
+     * Returns entity from the identity map by an alternate key (non-PK property).
+     * @param convertCustomTypes - If true, the value is in database format and will be converted to JS format for lookup.
+     *                             If false (default), the value is assumed to be in JS format already.
+     */
+    getByKey<T extends object>(entityName: EntityName<T>, key: string, value: unknown, schema?: string, convertCustomTypes?: boolean): T | undefined;
+    /**
+     * Stores an entity in the identity map under an alternate key (non-PK property).
+     * Also sets the property value on the entity.
+     * @param convertCustomTypes - If true, the value is in database format and will be converted to JS format.
+     *                             If false (default), the value is assumed to be in JS format already.
+     */
+    storeByKey<T extends object>(entity: T, key: string, value: unknown, schema?: string, convertCustomTypes?: boolean): void;
+    tryGetById<T extends object>(entityName: EntityName<T>, where: FilterQuery<T>, schema?: string, strict?: boolean): T | null;
     /**
      * Returns map of all managed entities.
      */
@@ -83,6 +96,11 @@ export declare class UnitOfWork {
     getOrphanRemoveStack(): Set<AnyEntity>;
     getChangeSetPersister(): ChangeSetPersister;
     private findNewEntities;
+    /**
+     * For TPT inheritance, creates separate changesets for each table in the hierarchy.
+     * Uses the same entity instance for all changesets - only the metadata and payload differ.
+     */
+    private createTPTChangeSets;
     /**
      * Returns `true` when the change set should be skipped as it will be empty after the extra update.
      */

package/unit-of-work/UnitOfWork.js

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { AsyncLocalStorage } from 'node:async_hooks';
 import { Collection } from '../entity/Collection.js';
 import { EntityHelper } from '../entity/EntityHelper.js';
 import { helper } from '../entity/wrap.js';
@@ -13,8 +12,9 @@ import { Cascade, DeferMode, EventType, LockMode, ReferenceKind } from '../enums
 import { OptimisticLockError, ValidationError } from '../errors.js';
 import { TransactionEventBroadcaster } from '../events/TransactionEventBroadcaster.js';
 import { IdentityMap } from './IdentityMap.js';
+import { createAsyncContext } from '../utils/AsyncContext.js';
 // to deal with validation for flush inside flush hooks and `Promise.all`
-const insideFlush = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+const insideFlush = createAsyncContext();
 export class UnitOfWork {
     em;
     /** map of references to managed entities */
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         this.identityMap = new IdentityMap(this.platform.getDefaultSchemaName());
         this.eventManager = this.em.getEventManager();
         this.comparator = this.em.getComparator();
-        this.changeSetComputer = new ChangeSetComputer(this.collectionUpdates, this.metadata, this.platform, this.em.config, this.em);
-        this.changeSetPersister = new ChangeSetPersister(this.em.getDriver(), this.metadata, this.em.config.getHydrator(this.metadata), this.em.getEntityFactory(), this.em.config, this.em);
+        this.changeSetComputer = new ChangeSetComputer(this.em, this.collectionUpdates);
+        this.changeSetPersister = new ChangeSetPersister(this.em);
     }
     merge(entity, visited) {
         const wrapped = helper(entity);
@@ -77,7 +77,10 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
                 continue;
             }
             if ([ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_ONE, ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_ONE].includes(prop.kind) && Utils.isPlainObject(data[prop.name])) {
-                data[prop.name] = Utils.getPrimaryKeyValues(data[prop.name], prop.targetMeta, true);
+                // Skip polymorphic relations - they use PolymorphicRef wrapper
+                if (!prop.polymorphic) {
+                    data[prop.name] = Utils.getPrimaryKeyValues(data[prop.name], prop.targetMeta, true);
+                }
             }
             else if (prop.kind === ReferenceKind.EMBEDDED && !prop.object && Utils.isPlainObject(data[prop.name])) {
                 for (const p of prop.targetMeta.props) {
@@ -169,6 +172,40 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         }
         return this.identityMap.getByHash(meta, hash);
     }
+    /**
+     * Returns entity from the identity map by an alternate key (non-PK property).
+     * @param convertCustomTypes - If true, the value is in database format and will be converted to JS format for lookup.
+     *                             If false (default), the value is assumed to be in JS format already.
+     */
+    getByKey(entityName, key, value, schema, convertCustomTypes) {
+        const meta = this.metadata.find(entityName).root;
+        schema ??= meta.schema ?? this.em.config.getSchema();
+        const prop = meta.properties[key];
+        // Convert from DB format to JS format if needed
+        if (convertCustomTypes && prop?.customType) {
+            value = prop.customType.convertToJSValue(value, this.platform, { mode: 'hydration' });
+        }
+        const hash = this.identityMap.getKeyHash(key, '' + value, schema);
+        return this.identityMap.getByHash(meta, hash);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Stores an entity in the identity map under an alternate key (non-PK property).
+     * Also sets the property value on the entity.
+     * @param convertCustomTypes - If true, the value is in database format and will be converted to JS format.
+     *                             If false (default), the value is assumed to be in JS format already.
+     */
+    storeByKey(entity, key, value, schema, convertCustomTypes) {
+        const meta = entity.__meta.root;
+        schema ??= meta.schema ?? this.em.config.getSchema();
+        const prop = meta.properties[key];
+        // Convert from DB format to JS format if needed
+        if (convertCustomTypes && prop?.customType) {
+            value = prop.customType.convertToJSValue(value, this.platform, { mode: 'hydration' });
+        }
+        // Set the property on the entity
+        entity[key] = value;
+        this.identityMap.storeByKey(entity, key, '' + value, schema);
+    }
     tryGetById(entityName, where, schema, strict = true) {
         const pk = Utils.extractPK(where, this.metadata.find(entityName), strict);
         if (!pk) {
@@ -207,7 +244,7 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         if (insideFlush.getStore()) {
             return false;
         }
-        if (this.queuedActions.has(meta.className) || this.queuedActions.has(meta.root.className)) {
+        if (this.queuedActions.has(meta.class) || this.queuedActions.has(meta.root.class)) {
             return true;
         }
         if (meta.discriminatorMap && Object.values(meta.discriminatorMap).some(v => this.queuedActions.has(v))) {
@@ -220,7 +257,7 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
     }
     computeChangeSet(entity, type) {
         const wrapped = helper(entity);
-        if (type) {
+        if (type === ChangeSetType.DELETE || type === ChangeSetType.DELETE_EARLY) {
             this.changeSets.set(entity, new ChangeSet(entity, type, {}, wrapped.__meta));
             return;
         }
@@ -228,6 +265,10 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         if (!cs || this.checkUniqueProps(cs)) {
             return;
         }
+        /* v8 ignore next */
+        if (type) {
+            cs.type = type;
+        }
         this.initIdentifier(entity);
         this.changeSets.set(entity, cs);
         this.persistStack.delete(entity);
@@ -251,7 +292,7 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         }
         const wrapped = helper(entity);
         this.persistStack.add(entity);
-        this.queuedActions.add(wrapped.__meta.className);
+        this.queuedActions.add(wrapped.__meta.class);
         this.removeStack.delete(entity);
         if (!wrapped.__managed && wrapped.hasPrimaryKey()) {
             this.identityMap.store(entity);
@@ -264,7 +305,7 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         // allow removing not managed entities if they are not part of the persist stack
         if (helper(entity).__managed || !this.persistStack.has(entity)) {
             this.removeStack.add(entity);
-            this.queuedActions.add(helper(entity).__meta.className);
+            this.queuedActions.add(helper(entity).__meta.class);
         }
         else {
             this.persistStack.delete(entity);
@@ -355,10 +396,10 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         }
     }
     async lock(entity, options) {
-        if (!this.getById(entity.constructor.name, helper(entity).__primaryKeys, helper(entity).__schema)) {
+        if (!this.getById(entity.constructor, helper(entity).__primaryKeys, helper(entity).__schema)) {
             throw ValidationError.entityNotManaged(entity);
         }
-        const meta = this.metadata.find(entity.constructor.name);
+        const meta = this.metadata.find(entity.constructor);
         if (options.lockMode === LockMode.OPTIMISTIC) {
             await this.lockOptimistic(entity, meta, options.lockVersion);
         }
@@ -382,7 +423,7 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
                 if (Utils.isCollection(rel)) {
                     rel.removeWithoutPropagation(entity);
                 }
-                else if (rel && (prop.mapToPk ? helper(this.em.getReference(prop.type, rel)).getSerializedPrimaryKey() === serializedPK : rel === entity)) {
+                else if (rel && (prop.mapToPk ? helper(this.em.getReference(prop.targetMeta.class, rel)).getSerializedPrimaryKey() === serializedPK : rel === entity)) {
                     if (prop.formula) {
                         delete referrer[prop.name];
                     }
@@ -424,13 +465,13 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         const inserts = {};
         for (const cs of this.changeSets.values()) {
             if (cs.type === ChangeSetType.CREATE) {
-                inserts[cs.meta.className] ??= [];
-                inserts[cs.meta.className].push(cs);
+                inserts[cs.meta.uniqueName] ??= [];
+                inserts[cs.meta.uniqueName].push(cs);
             }
         }
         for (const cs of this.changeSets.values()) {
             if (cs.type === ChangeSetType.UPDATE) {
-                this.findEarlyUpdates(cs, inserts[cs.meta.className]);
+                this.findEarlyUpdates(cs, inserts[cs.meta.uniqueName]);
             }
         }
         for (const entity of this.removeStack) {
@@ -441,7 +482,7 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
             }
             const deletePkHash = [wrapped.getSerializedPrimaryKey(), ...this.expandUniqueProps(entity)];
             let type = ChangeSetType.DELETE;
-            for (const cs of inserts[wrapped.__meta.className] ?? []) {
+            for (const cs of inserts[wrapped.__meta.uniqueName] ?? []) {
                 if (deletePkHash.some(hash => hash === cs.getSerializedPrimaryKey() || this.expandUniqueProps(cs.entity).find(child => hash === child))) {
                     type = ChangeSetType.DELETE_EARLY;
                 }
@@ -460,7 +501,7 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         }
         for (const cs of this.changeSets.values()) {
             for (const prop of props) {
-                if (prop.name in cs.payload && cs.rootName === changeSet.rootName && cs.type === changeSet.type) {
+                if (prop.name in cs.payload && cs.rootMeta === changeSet.rootMeta && cs.type === changeSet.type) {
                     conflicts = true;
                     if (changeSet.payload[prop.name] == null) {
                         type = ChangeSetType.UPDATE_EARLY;
@@ -479,9 +520,10 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
     }
     scheduleOrphanRemoval(entity, visited) {
         if (entity) {
-            helper(entity).__em = this.em;
+            const wrapped = helper(entity);
+            wrapped.__em = this.em;
             this.orphanRemoveStack.add(entity);
-            this.queuedActions.add(entity.__meta.className);
+            this.queuedActions.add(wrapped.__meta.class);
             this.cascade(entity, Cascade.SCHEDULE_ORPHAN_REMOVAL, visited);
         }
     }
@@ -517,7 +559,68 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         }
         const changeSet = this.changeSetComputer.computeChangeSet(entity);
         if (changeSet && !this.checkUniqueProps(changeSet)) {
-            this.changeSets.set(entity, changeSet);
+            // For TPT child entities, create changesets for each table in hierarchy
+            if (wrapped.__meta.inheritanceType === 'tpt' && wrapped.__meta.tptParent) {
+                this.createTPTChangeSets(entity, changeSet);
+            }
+            else {
+                this.changeSets.set(entity, changeSet);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * For TPT inheritance, creates separate changesets for each table in the hierarchy.
+     * Uses the same entity instance for all changesets - only the metadata and payload differ.
+     */
+    createTPTChangeSets(entity, originalChangeSet) {
+        const meta = helper(entity).__meta;
+        const isCreate = originalChangeSet.type === ChangeSetType.CREATE;
+        let current = meta;
+        let leafCs;
+        const parentChangeSets = [];
+        while (current) {
+            const isRoot = !current.tptParent;
+            const payload = {};
+            for (const prop of current.ownProps) {
+                if (prop.name in originalChangeSet.payload) {
+                    payload[prop.name] = originalChangeSet.payload[prop.name];
+                }
+            }
+            // For CREATE on non-root tables, include the PK (EntityIdentifier for deferred resolution)
+            if (isCreate && !isRoot) {
+                const wrapped = helper(entity);
+                const identifier = wrapped.__identifier;
+                const identifiers = Array.isArray(identifier) ? identifier : [identifier];
+                for (let i = 0; i < current.primaryKeys.length; i++) {
+                    const pk = current.primaryKeys[i];
+                    payload[pk] = identifiers[i] ?? originalChangeSet.payload[pk];
+                }
+            }
+            if (!isCreate && Object.keys(payload).length === 0) {
+                current = current.tptParent;
+                continue;
+            }
+            const cs = new ChangeSet(entity, originalChangeSet.type, payload, current);
+            if (current === meta) {
+                cs.originalEntity = originalChangeSet.originalEntity;
+                leafCs = cs;
+            }
+            else {
+                parentChangeSets.push(cs);
+            }
+            current = current.tptParent;
+        }
+        // When only parent properties changed (UPDATE), leaf payload is empty—create a stub anchor
+        if (!leafCs && parentChangeSets.length > 0) {
+            leafCs = new ChangeSet(entity, originalChangeSet.type, {}, meta);
+            leafCs.originalEntity = originalChangeSet.originalEntity;
+        }
+        // Store the leaf changeset in the main map (entity as key), with parent CSs attached
+        if (leafCs) {
+            if (parentChangeSets.length > 0) {
+                leafCs.tptChangeSets = parentChangeSets;
+            }
+            this.changeSets.set(entity, leafCs);
         }
     }
     /**
@@ -630,7 +733,7 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         const copy = this.comparator.prepareEntity(changeSet.entity);
         await this.eventManager.dispatchEvent(type, { entity: changeSet.entity, meta, em: this.em, changeSet });
         const current = this.comparator.prepareEntity(changeSet.entity);
-        const diff = this.comparator.diffEntities(changeSet.name, copy, current);
+        const diff = this.comparator.diffEntities(changeSet.meta.class, copy, current);
         Object.assign(changeSet.payload, diff);
         const wrapped = helper(changeSet.entity);
         if (wrapped.__identifier) {
@@ -739,26 +842,26 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
     }
     fixMissingReference(entity, prop) {
         const reference = entity[prop.name];
-        const kind = Reference.unwrapReference(reference);
-        if ([ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_ONE, ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_ONE].includes(prop.kind) && kind && !prop.mapToPk) {
-            if (!Utils.isEntity(kind)) {
-                entity[prop.name] = this.em.getReference(prop.type, kind, { wrapped: !!prop.ref });
+        const target = Reference.unwrapReference(reference);
+        if ([ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_ONE, ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_ONE].includes(prop.kind) && target && !prop.mapToPk) {
+            if (!Utils.isEntity(target)) {
+                entity[prop.name] = this.em.getReference(prop.targetMeta.class, target, { wrapped: !!prop.ref });
             }
-            else if (!helper(kind).__initialized && !helper(kind).__em) {
-                const pk = helper(kind).getPrimaryKey();
-                entity[prop.name] = this.em.getReference(prop.type, pk, { wrapped: !!prop.ref });
+            else if (!helper(target).__initialized && !helper(target).__em) {
+                const pk = helper(target).getPrimaryKey();
+                entity[prop.name] = this.em.getReference(prop.targetMeta.class, pk, { wrapped: !!prop.ref });
             }
         }
-        // perf: set the `Collection._property` to skip the getter, as it can be slow when there is a lot of relations
-        if (Utils.isCollection(kind)) {
-            kind.property = prop;
+        // perf: set the `Collection._property` to skip the getter, as it can be slow when there are a lot of relations
+        if (Utils.isCollection(target)) {
+            target.property = prop;
         }
         const isCollection = [ReferenceKind.ONE_TO_MANY, ReferenceKind.MANY_TO_MANY].includes(prop.kind);
-        if (isCollection && Array.isArray(kind)) {
+        if (isCollection && Array.isArray(target)) {
             const collection = new Collection(entity);
             collection.property = prop;
             entity[prop.name] = collection;
-            collection.set(kind);
+            collection.set(target);
         }
     }
     async persistToDatabase(groups, ctx) {
@@ -768,30 +871,30 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
         const commitOrder = this.getCommitOrder();
         const commitOrderReversed = [...commitOrder].reverse();
         // early delete - when we recreate entity in the same UoW, we need to issue those delete queries before inserts
-        for (const name of commitOrderReversed) {
-            await this.commitDeleteChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.DELETE_EARLY].get(name) ?? [], ctx);
+        for (const meta of commitOrderReversed) {
+            await this.commitDeleteChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.DELETE_EARLY].get(meta) ?? [], ctx);
         }
         // early update - when we recreate entity in the same UoW, we need to issue those delete queries before inserts
-        for (const name of commitOrder) {
-            await this.commitUpdateChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.UPDATE_EARLY].get(name) ?? [], ctx);
+        for (const meta of commitOrder) {
+            await this.commitUpdateChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.UPDATE_EARLY].get(meta) ?? [], ctx);
         }
         // extra updates
         await this.commitExtraUpdates(ChangeSetType.UPDATE_EARLY, ctx);
         // create
-        for (const name of commitOrder) {
-            await this.commitCreateChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.CREATE].get(name) ?? [], ctx);
+        for (const meta of commitOrder) {
+            await this.commitCreateChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.CREATE].get(meta) ?? [], ctx);
         }
         // update
-        for (const name of commitOrder) {
-            await this.commitUpdateChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.UPDATE].get(name) ?? [], ctx);
+        for (const meta of commitOrder) {
+            await this.commitUpdateChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.UPDATE].get(meta) ?? [], ctx);
         }
         // extra updates
         await this.commitExtraUpdates(ChangeSetType.UPDATE, ctx);
         // collection updates
         await this.commitCollectionUpdates(ctx);
         // delete - entity deletions need to be in reverse commit order
-        for (const name of commitOrderReversed) {
-            await this.commitDeleteChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.DELETE].get(name) ?? [], ctx);
+        for (const meta of commitOrderReversed) {
+            await this.commitDeleteChangeSets(groups[ChangeSetType.DELETE].get(meta) ?? [], ctx);
         }
         // take snapshots of all persisted collections
         const visited = new Set();
@@ -827,16 +930,28 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
             if (Utils.isCollection(ref)) {
                 ref.getItems(false).some(item => {
                     const cs = this.changeSets.get(Reference.unwrapReference(item));
-                    const isScheduledForInsert = cs && cs.type === ChangeSetType.CREATE && !cs.persisted;
+                    const isScheduledForInsert = cs?.type === ChangeSetType.CREATE && !cs.persisted;
                     if (isScheduledForInsert) {
                         this.scheduleExtraUpdate(changeSet, [prop]);
                         return true;
                     }
                     return false;
                 });
+                continue;
             }
-            const cs = this.changeSets.get(Reference.unwrapReference(ref));
-            const isScheduledForInsert = cs && cs.type === ChangeSetType.CREATE && !cs.persisted;
+            const refEntity = Reference.unwrapReference(ref);
+            // For mapToPk properties, the value is a primitive (string/array), not an entity
+            if (!Utils.isEntity(refEntity)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            // For TPT entities, check if the ROOT table's changeset has been persisted
+            // (since the FK is to the root table, not the concrete entity's table)
+            let cs = this.changeSets.get(refEntity);
+            if (cs?.tptChangeSets?.length) {
+                // Root table changeset is the last one (ordered immediate parent → root)
+                cs = cs.tptChangeSets[cs.tptChangeSets.length - 1];
+            }
+            const isScheduledForInsert = cs?.type === ChangeSetType.CREATE && !cs.persisted;
             if (isScheduledForInsert) {
                 this.scheduleExtraUpdate(changeSet, [prop]);
             }
@@ -958,12 +1073,23 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
             [ChangeSetType.UPDATE_EARLY]: new Map(),
             [ChangeSetType.DELETE_EARLY]: new Map(),
         };
-        for (const cs of this.changeSets.values()) {
+        const addToGroup = (cs) => {
+            // Skip stub TPT changesets with empty payload (e.g. leaf with no own-property changes on UPDATE)
+            if ((cs.type === ChangeSetType.UPDATE || cs.type === ChangeSetType.UPDATE_EARLY) && !Utils.hasObjectKeys(cs.payload)) {
+                return;
+            }
             const group = groups[cs.type];
-            const classGroup = group.get(cs.rootName) ?? [];
+            const groupKey = cs.meta.inheritanceType === 'tpt' ? cs.meta : cs.rootMeta;
+            const classGroup = group.get(groupKey) ?? [];
             classGroup.push(cs);
-            if (!group.has(cs.rootName)) {
-                group.set(cs.rootName, classGroup);
+            if (!group.has(groupKey)) {
+                group.set(groupKey, classGroup);
+            }
+        };
+        for (const cs of this.changeSets.values()) {
+            addToGroup(cs);
+            for (const parentCs of cs.tptChangeSets ?? []) {
+                addToGroup(parentCs);
             }
         }
         return groups;
@@ -971,14 +1097,35 @@ export class UnitOfWork {
     getCommitOrder() {
         const calc = new CommitOrderCalculator();
         const set = new Set();
-        this.changeSets.forEach(cs => set.add(cs.rootName));
-        set.forEach(entityName => calc.addNode(entityName));
-        for (const entityName of set) {
-            for (const prop of this.metadata.find(entityName).props) {
-                calc.discoverProperty(prop, entityName);
+        this.changeSets.forEach(cs => {
+            if (cs.meta.inheritanceType === 'tpt') {
+                set.add(cs.meta);
+                for (const parentCs of cs.tptChangeSets ?? []) {
+                    set.add(parentCs.meta);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                set.add(cs.rootMeta);
+            }
+        });
+        set.forEach(meta => calc.addNode(meta._id));
+        for (const meta of set) {
+            for (const prop of meta.relations) {
+                if (prop.polymorphTargets) {
+                    for (const targetMeta of prop.polymorphTargets) {
+                        calc.discoverProperty({ ...prop, targetMeta }, meta._id);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    calc.discoverProperty(prop, meta._id);
+                }
+            }
+            // For TPT, parent table must be inserted BEFORE child tables
+            if (meta.inheritanceType === 'tpt' && meta.tptParent && set.has(meta.tptParent)) {
+                calc.addDependency(meta.tptParent._id, meta._id, 1);
             }
         }
-        return calc.sort();
+        return calc.sort().map(id => this.metadata.getById(id));
     }
     resetTransaction(oldTx) {
         if (oldTx) {