@malloydata/malloy-tests 0.0.69-dev230808200646 → 0.0.69-dev230809221417

package/dist/databases/all/functions.spec.js

@@ -25,11 +25,750 @@
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
 const runtimes_1 = require("../../runtimes");
 const util_1 = require("../../util");
-const functions_1 = require("../shared/functions");
+require("../../util/db-jest-matchers");
 const runtimes = new runtimes_1.RuntimeList((0, util_1.databasesFromEnvironmentOr)(runtimes_1.allDatabases));
-/*
- * This test file reuses common tests definitions.
- * For actual test development please go to: test/src/databases/shared/functions.spec.ts
- */
-(0, functions_1.functionsSharedTests)(runtimes);
+const expressionModelText = `
+source: aircraft_models is table('malloytest.aircraft_models'){
+  primary_key: aircraft_model_code
+}
+
+source: aircraft is table('malloytest.aircraft'){
+  primary_key: tail_num
+  join_one: aircraft_models with aircraft_model_code
+  measure: aircraft_count is count()
+}
+
+source: airports is table('malloytest.airports') {}
+
+source: state_facts is table('malloytest.state_facts') {}
+`;
+const expressionModels = new Map();
+runtimes.runtimeMap.forEach((runtime, databaseName) => expressionModels.set(databaseName, runtime.loadModel(expressionModelText)));
+expressionModels.forEach((expressionModel, databaseName) => {
+    const funcTestGeneral = async (expr, type, expected) => {
+        const run = async () => {
+            return await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+      query: aircraft -> { ${type}: f is ${expr} }`)
+                .run();
+        };
+        if (expected.success !== undefined) {
+            const result = await run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'f').value).toBe(expected.success);
+        }
+        else {
+            expect(run).rejects.toThrowError(expected.error);
+        }
+    };
+    const funcTest = (expr, expexted) => funcTestGeneral(expr, 'group_by', { success: expexted });
+    const funcTestAgg = (expr, expexted) => funcTestGeneral(expr, 'aggregate', { success: expexted });
+    const funcTestMultiple = async (...testCases) => {
+        const run = async () => {
+            return await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+      query: aircraft -> { ${testCases.map((testCase, i) => `group_by: f${i} is ${testCase[0]}`)} }`)
+                .run();
+        };
+        const result = await run();
+        testCases.forEach((testCase, i) => {
+            expect(result.data.path(0, `f${i}`).value).toBe(testCase[1]);
+        });
+    };
+    describe('concat', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["concat('foo', 'bar')", 'foobar'], ["concat(1, 'bar')", '1bar'], [
+                "concat('cons', true)",
+                databaseName === 'postgres' ? 'const' : 'construe',
+            ], ["concat('foo', @2003)", 'foo2003-01-01'], [
+                "concat('foo', @2003-01-01 12:00:00)",
+                databaseName === 'bigquery'
+                    ? 'foo2003-01-01 12:00:00+00'
+                    : 'foo2003-01-01 12:00:00',
+            ], 
+            // TODO Maybe implement consistent null behavior
+            // ["concat('foo', null)", null],
+            ['concat()', '']);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('round', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['round(1.2)', 1], 
+            // TODO Remove when we upgrade to DuckDB 0.8.X -- DuckDB has some bugs with rounding
+            // that are fixed in 0.8.
+            ...(databaseName === 'duckdb_wasm'
+                ? []
+                : [['round(12.222, 1)', 12.2]]), ['round(12.2, -1)', 10], ['round(null)', null], ['round(1, null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('floor', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['floor(1.9)', 1], 
+            // TODO Remove when we upgrade to DuckDB 0.8.X -- DuckDB has some bugs with rounding
+            // that are fixed in 0.8.
+            ...(databaseName === 'duckdb_wasm'
+                ? []
+                : [['floor(-1.9)', -2]]), ['floor(null)', null]);
+            await funcTest('floor(1.9)', 1);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('ceil', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['ceil(1.9)', 2], 
+            // TODO Remove when we upgrade to DuckDB 0.8.X -- DuckDB has some bugs with rounding
+            // that are fixed in 0.8.
+            ...(databaseName === 'duckdb_wasm'
+                ? []
+                : [['ceil(-1.9)', -1]]), ['ceil(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('length', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["length('foo')", 3], ['length(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('lower', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["lower('FoO')", 'foo'], ['lower(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('upper', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["upper('fOo')", 'FOO'], ['upper(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('regexp_extract', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["regexp_extract('I have a dog', r'd[aeiou]g')", 'dog'], ["regexp_extract(null, r'd[aeiou]g')", null], ["regexp_extract('foo', null)", null], ["regexp_extract('I have a d0g', r'd\\dg')", 'd0g']);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('replace', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["replace('aaaa', 'a', 'c')", 'cccc'], ["replace('aaaa', r'.', 'c')", 'cccc'], [
+                "replace('axbxc', r'(a).(b).(c)', '\\\\0 - \\\\1 - \\\\2 - \\\\3')",
+                databaseName === 'postgres' ? '\\0 - a - b - c' : 'axbxc - a - b - c',
+            ], ["replace('aaaa', '', 'c')", 'aaaa'], ["replace(null, 'a', 'c')", null], ["replace('aaaa', null, 'c')", null], ["replace('aaaa', 'a', null)", null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('substr', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["substr('foo', 2)", 'oo'], ["substr('foo', 2, 1)", 'o'], ["substr('foo bar baz', -3)", 'baz'], ['substr(null, 1, 2)', null], ["substr('aaaa', null, 1)", null], ["substr('aaaa', 1, null)", null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('raw function call', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['floor(cbrt!(27)::number)', 3], ['floor(cbrt!number(27))', 3], ["substr('foo bar baz', -3)", 'baz'], ['substr(null, 1, 2)', null], ["substr('aaaa', null, 1)", null], ["substr('aaaa', 1, null)", null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('stddev', () => {
+        // TODO symmetric aggregates don't work with custom aggregate functions in BQ currently
+        if (databaseName === 'bigquery')
+            return;
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestAgg('round(stddev(aircraft_models.seats))', 29);
+        });
+        it(`works with struct - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestAgg('round(aircraft_models.stddev(aircraft_models.seats))', 41);
+        });
+        it(`works with implicit parameter - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestAgg('round(aircraft_models.seats.stddev())', 41);
+        });
+        it(`works with filter - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestAgg('round(aircraft_models.seats.stddev() { where: 1 = 1 })', 41);
+            await funcTestAgg('round(aircraft_models.seats.stddev() { where: aircraft_models.seats > 4 })', 69);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('row_number', () => {
+        it(`works when the order by is a dimension  - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: state
+          calculate: row_num is row_number()
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'row_num').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'row_num').value).toBe(2);
+        });
+        it(`works when the order by is a dimension in the other order  - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+            calculate: row_num is row_number()
+            group_by: state
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'row_num').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'row_num').value).toBe(2);
+        });
+        it(`works when the order by is a measure - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: popular_name
+          aggregate: c is count()
+          calculate: row_num is row_number()
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'row_num').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'row_num').value).toBe(2);
+        });
+        it(`works when the order by is a measure but there is no group by - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+            aggregate: c is count()
+            calculate: row_num is row_number()
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'row_num').value).toBe(1);
+        });
+        it(`works inside nest - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts { join_one: airports on airports.state = state } -> {
+            group_by: state
+            nest: q is {
+              group_by: airports.county
+              calculate: row_num is row_number()
+            }
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'q', 0, 'row_num').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'q', 1, 'row_num').value).toBe(2);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'q', 0, 'row_num').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'q', 1, 'row_num').value).toBe(2);
+        });
+        test(`works outside nest, but with a nest nearby - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+            group_by: state
+            calculate: row_num is row_number()
+            nest: nested is {
+              group_by: state
+            }
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'row_num').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'row_num').value).toBe(2);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('rank', () => {
+        it(`works ordered by dimension - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+            group_by:
+              state,
+              births_ballpark is ceil(births / 1000000) * 1000000
+            order_by: births_ballpark desc
+            calculate: births_ballpark_rank is rank()
+            limit: 20
+          }`)
+                .run({ rowLimit: 20 });
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'births_ballpark_rank').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'births_ballpark_rank').value).toBe(2);
+            expect(result.data.path(8, 'births_ballpark_rank').value).toBe(9);
+            expect(result.data.path(9, 'births_ballpark_rank').value).toBe(9);
+            expect(result.data.path(10, 'births_ballpark_rank').value).toBe(9);
+            expect(result.data.path(11, 'births_ballpark_rank').value).toBe(12);
+        });
+        it(`works ordered by aggregate - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+            group_by: first_letter is substr(state, 1, 1)
+            aggregate: states_with_first_letter_ish is round(count() / 2) * 2
+            calculate: r is rank()
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'r').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'r').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'r').value).toBe(3);
+            expect(result.data.path(3, 'r').value).toBe(3);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('lag', () => {
+        it(`works with one param - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: state
+          calculate: prev_state is lag(state)
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'state').value).toBe('AK');
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'prev_state').value).toBe(null);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'prev_state').value).toBe('AK');
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'state').value).toBe('AL');
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'prev_state').value).toBe('AL');
+        });
+        it(`works with expression field - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: lower_state is lower(state)
+          calculate: prev_state is lag(lower_state)
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'lower_state').value).toBe('ak');
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'prev_state').value).toBe(null);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'prev_state').value).toBe('ak');
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'lower_state').value).toBe('al');
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'prev_state').value).toBe('al');
+        });
+        it(`works with expression - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: state
+          calculate: prev_state is lag(lower(state))
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'state').value).toBe('AK');
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'prev_state').value).toBe(null);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'prev_state').value).toBe('ak');
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'state').value).toBe('AL');
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'prev_state').value).toBe('al');
+        });
+        it(`works with field, ordering by expression field - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: lower_state is lower(state)
+          aggregate: c is count()
+          order_by: lower_state
+          calculate: prev_count is lag(c)
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'lower_state').value).toBe('ak');
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'prev_count').value).toBe(null);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'prev_count').value).toBe(1);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'lower_state').value).toBe('al');
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'prev_count').value).toBe(1);
+        });
+        it(`works with offset - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: state
+          calculate: prev_prev_state is lag(state, 2)
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'state').value).toBe('AK');
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'prev_prev_state').value).toBe(null);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'prev_prev_state').value).toBe(null);
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'prev_prev_state').value).toBe('AK');
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'state').value).toBe('AL');
+            expect(result.data.path(3, 'prev_prev_state').value).toBe('AL');
+        });
+        it(`works with default value - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: state
+          calculate: prev_state is lag(state, 1, 'NONE')
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'prev_state').value).toBe('NONE');
+        });
+        it(`works with now as the default value - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+          query: state_facts -> {
+            group_by: state
+            calculate: lag_val is lag(@2011-11-11 11:11:11, 1, now).year = now.year
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'lag_val').value).toBe(true);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'lag_val').value).toBe(false);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('output field in calculate', () => {
+        it(`dotted aggregates work with an output field - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: aircraft -> {
+            group_by: aircraft_models.seats
+            aggregate: s is aircraft_models.seats.sum()
+            calculate: a is lag(seats.sum())
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'a').value).toBe(result.data.path(0, 's').value);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('first_value', () => {
+        test(`works in nest - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+          query: aircraft -> {
+            group_by: state
+            where: state != null
+            nest: by_county is {
+              limit: 2
+              group_by: county
+              aggregate: aircraft_count
+              calculate: first_count is first_value(count())
+            }
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'by_county', 1, 'first_count').value).toBe(result.data.path(0, 'by_county', 0, 'aircraft_count').value);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'by_county', 1, 'first_count').value).toBe(result.data.path(1, 'by_county', 0, 'aircraft_count').value);
+        });
+        it(`works outside nest - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+          query: state_facts -> {
+            group_by: state, births
+            order_by: births desc
+            calculate: most_births is first_value(births)
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            const firstBirths = result.data.path(0, 'births').value;
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'most_births').value).toBe(firstBirths);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'most_births').value).toBe(firstBirths);
+        });
+        it(`works with an aggregate which is not in the query - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+          query: airports { measure: airport_count is count() } -> {
+            group_by: state
+            where: state != null
+            calculate: prev_airport_count is lag(airport_count)
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'prev_airport_count').value).toBe(null);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'prev_airport_count').value).toBe(608);
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'prev_airport_count').value).toBe(260);
+        });
+        it(`works with a localized aggregate - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+          query: aircraft -> {
+            group_by: aircraft_models.seats,
+            calculate: prev_sum_of_seats is lag(aircraft_models.seats.sum())
+          }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'prev_sum_of_seats').value).toBe(null);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'prev_sum_of_seats').value).toBe(0);
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'prev_sum_of_seats').value).toBe(230);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('trunc', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['trunc(1.9)', 1], 
+            // TODO Remove when we upgrade to DuckDB 0.8.X -- DuckDB has some bugs with rounding
+            // that are fixed in 0.8.
+            ...(databaseName === 'duckdb_wasm'
+                ? []
+                : [['trunc(-1.9)', -1]]), ['trunc(12.29, 1)', 12.2], ['trunc(19.2, -1)', 10], ['trunc(null)', null], ['trunc(1, null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('log', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['log(10, 10)', 1], ['log(100, 10)', 2], ['log(32, 2)', 5], ['log(null, 2)', null], ['log(10, null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('ln', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['ln(exp(1))', 1], ['ln(exp(2))', 2], ['ln(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('exp', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['exp(0)', 1], ['ln(exp(1))', 1], ['exp(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    // TODO trig functions could have more exhaustive tests -- these are mostly just here to
+    // ensure they exist
+    describe('cos', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['cos(0)', 1], ['cos(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('acos', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['acos(1)', 0], ['acos(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('sin', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['sin(0)', 0], ['sin(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('asin', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['asin(0)', 0], ['asin(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('tan', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['tan(0)', 0], ['tan(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('atan', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['atan(0)', 0], ['atan(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('atan2', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['atan2(0, 1)', 0], ['atan2(null, 1)', null], ['atan2(1, null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('sqrt', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['sqrt(9)', 3], ['sqrt(6.25)', 2.5], ['sqrt(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('pow', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['pow(2, 3)', 8], ['pow(null, 3)', null], ['pow(2, null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('abs', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['abs(-3)', 3], ['abs(3)', 3], ['abs(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('sign', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['sign(100)', 1], ['sign(-2)', -1], ['sign(0)', 0], ['sign(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('is_inf', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["is_inf('+inf'::number)", true], ['is_inf(100)', false], ['is_inf(null)', false]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('is_nan', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["is_nan('NaN'::number)", true], ['is_nan(100)', false], ['is_nan(null)', false]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('greatest', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['greatest(1, 10, -100)', 10], ['greatest(@2003, @2004, @1994) = @2004', true], [
+                'greatest(@2023-05-26 11:58:00, @2023-05-26 11:59:00) = @2023-05-26 11:59:00',
+                true,
+            ], ["greatest('a', 'b')", 'b'], ['greatest(1, null, 0)', null], ['greatest(null, null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('least', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['least(1, 10, -100)', -100], ['least(@2003, @2004, @1994) = @1994', true], [
+                'least(@2023-05-26 11:58:00, @2023-05-26 11:59:00) = @2023-05-26 11:58:00',
+                true,
+            ], ["least('a', 'b')", 'a'], ['least(1, null, 0)', null], ['least(null, null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('div', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['div(3, 2)', 1], ['div(null, 2)', null], ['div(2, null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('strpos', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["strpos('123456789', '3')", 3], ["strpos('123456789', '0')", 0], ["strpos(null, '0')", null], ["strpos('123456789', null)", null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('starts_with', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["starts_with('hello world', 'hello')", true], ["starts_with('hello world', 'world')", false], ["starts_with(null, 'world')", false], ["starts_with('hello world', null)", false]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('ends_with', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["ends_with('hello world', 'world')", true], ["ends_with('hello world', 'hello')", false], ["ends_with(null, 'world')", false], ["ends_with('hello world', null)", false]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('trim', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["trim('  keep this  ')", 'keep this'], ["trim('_ _keep_this_ _', '_ ')", 'keep_this'], ["trim(' keep everything ', '')", ' keep everything '], ["trim('null example', null)", null], ["trim(null, 'a')", null], ['trim(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('ltrim', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["ltrim('  keep this ->  ')", 'keep this ->  '], ["ltrim('_ _keep_this -> _ _', '_ ')", 'keep_this -> _ _'], ["ltrim(' keep everything ', '')", ' keep everything '], ["ltrim('null example', null)", null], ["ltrim(null, 'a')", null], ['ltrim(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('rtrim', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["rtrim('  <- keep this  ')", '  <- keep this'], ["rtrim('_ _ <- keep_this_ _', '_ ')", '_ _ <- keep_this'], ["rtrim(' keep everything ', '')", ' keep everything '], ["rtrim('null example', null)", null], ["rtrim(null, 'a')", null], ['rtrim(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('rand', () => {
+        it(`is usually not the same value - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            // There are around a billion values that rand() can be, so if this
+            // test fails, most likely something is broken. Otherwise, you're the lucky
+            // one in a billion!
+            await funcTest('rand() = rand()', false);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('pi', () => {
+        it(`is pi - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTest('abs(pi() - 3.141592653589793) < 0.0000000000001', true);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('byte_length', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["byte_length('hello')", 5], ["byte_length('©')", 2], ['byte_length(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('ifnull', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["ifnull('a', 'b')", 'a'], ["ifnull(null, 'b')", 'b'], ["ifnull('a', null)", 'a'], ['ifnull(null, null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('coalesce', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["coalesce('a')", 'a'], ["coalesce('a', 'b')", 'a'], ["coalesce(null, 'a', 'b')", 'a'], ["coalesce(null, 'b')", 'b'], ["coalesce('a', null)", 'a'], ['coalesce(null, null)', null], ['coalesce(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('nullif', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["nullif('a', 'a')", null], ["nullif('a', 'b')", 'a'], ["nullif('a', null)", 'a'], ['nullif(null, null)', null], ['nullif(null, 2)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('chr', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(['chr(65)', 'A'], ['chr(255)', 'ÿ'], ['chr(null)', null], 
+            // BigQuery's documentation says that `chr(0)` returns the empty string, but it doesn't,
+            // it actually returns the null character. We generate code so that it does this.
+            ['chr(0)', '']);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('ascii', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["ascii('A')", 65], ["ascii('ABC')", 65], ["ascii('')", 0], ['ascii(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('unicode', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["unicode('A')", 65], ["unicode('â')", 226], ["unicode('âBC')", 226], ["unicode('')", 0], ['unicode(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('repeat', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["repeat('foo', 0)", ''], ["repeat('foo', 1)", 'foo'], ["repeat('foo', 2)", 'foofoo'], ['repeat(null, 2)', null], ["repeat('foo', null)", null]);
+        });
+        // TODO how does a user do this: the second argument needs to be an integer, but floor doesn't cast to "integer" type.
+        it.skip(`works floor decimal - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTest("repeat('foo', floor(2.5))", 'foofoo');
+        });
+        // undefined behavior when negative, undefined behavior (likely error) when non-integer
+    });
+    describe('reverse', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            await funcTestMultiple(["reverse('foo')", 'oof'], ["reverse('')", ''], ['reverse(null)', null]);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('lead', () => {
+        it(`works with one param - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: state
+          calculate: next_state is lead(state)
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'state').value).toBe('AK');
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'next_state').value).toBe('AL');
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'state').value).toBe('AL');
+        });
+        it(`works with offset - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> {
+          group_by: state
+          calculate: next_next_state is lead(state, 2)
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'state').value).toBe('AK');
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'next_next_state').value).toBe('AR');
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'next_next_state').value).toBe('AZ');
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'state').value).toBe('AL');
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'state').value).toBe('AR');
+            expect(result.data.path(3, 'state').value).toBe('AZ');
+        });
+        it(`works with default value - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`query: state_facts -> { project: *; limit: 10 } -> {
+          group_by: state
+          calculate: next_state is lead(state, 1, 'NONE')
+        }`)
+                .run();
+            expect(result.data.path(9, 'next_state').value).toBe('NONE');
+        });
+    });
+    describe('last_value', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+          query: state_facts -> {
+            group_by: state, births
+            order_by: births desc
+            calculate: least_births is last_value(births)
+          }`)
+                .run({ rowLimit: 100 });
+            const numRows = result.data.toObject().length;
+            const lastBirths = result.data.path(numRows - 1, 'births').value;
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'least_births').value).toBe(lastBirths);
+            expect(result.data.path(1, 'least_births').value).toBe(lastBirths);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('avg_moving', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+          query: state_facts -> {
+            group_by: state, births
+            order_by: births desc
+            calculate: rolling_avg is avg_moving(births, 2)
+          }`)
+                .run({ rowLimit: 100 });
+            const births0 = result.data.path(0, 'births').number.value;
+            const births1 = result.data.path(1, 'births').number.value;
+            const births2 = result.data.path(2, 'births').number.value;
+            const births3 = result.data.path(3, 'births').number.value;
+            expect(result.data.path(0, 'rolling_avg').number.value).toBe(births0);
+            expect(Math.floor(result.data.path(1, 'rolling_avg').number.value)).toBe(Math.floor((births0 + births1) / 2));
+            expect(Math.floor(result.data.path(2, 'rolling_avg').number.value)).toBe(Math.floor((births0 + births1 + births2) / 3));
+            expect(Math.floor(result.data.path(3, 'rolling_avg').number.value)).toBe(Math.floor((births1 + births2 + births3) / 3));
+        });
+        it(`works forward - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+          query: state_facts -> { project: *; limit: 3 } -> {
+            group_by: state, births
+            order_by: births desc
+            calculate: rolling_avg is avg_moving(births, 0, 2)
+          }`)
+                .run({ rowLimit: 100 });
+            const births0 = result.data.path(0, 'births').number.value;
+            const births1 = result.data.path(1, 'births').number.value;
+            const births2 = result.data.path(2, 'births').number.value;
+            expect(Math.floor(result.data.path(0, 'rolling_avg').number.value)).toBe(Math.floor((births0 + births1 + births2) / 3));
+            expect(Math.floor(result.data.path(1, 'rolling_avg').number.value)).toBe(Math.floor((births1 + births2) / 2));
+            expect(result.data.path(2, 'rolling_avg').number.value).toBe(births2);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('min, max, sum / window, cumulative', () => {
+        it(`works - ${databaseName}`, async () => {
+            const result = await expressionModel
+                .loadQuery(`
+          query: state_facts -> { project: *; limit: 5 } -> {
+            group_by: state, births
+            order_by: births asc
+            calculate: min_c is min_cumulative(births)
+            calculate: max_c is max_cumulative(births)
+            calculate: sum_c is sum_cumulative(births)
+            calculate: min_w is min_window(births)
+            calculate: max_w is max_window(births)
+            calculate: sum_w is sum_window(births)
+          }`)
+                .run({ rowLimit: 100 });
+            const births0 = result.data.path(0, 'births').number.value;
+            const births1 = result.data.path(1, 'births').number.value;
+            const births2 = result.data.path(2, 'births').number.value;
+            const births3 = result.data.path(3, 'births').number.value;
+            const births4 = result.data.path(4, 'births').number.value;
+            const births = [births0, births1, births2, births3, births4];
+            for (let r = 0; r < 5; r++) {
+                expect(result.data.path(r, 'min_c').number.value).toBe(births0);
+                expect(result.data.path(r, 'max_c').number.value).toBe(births[r]);
+                expect(result.data.path(r, 'sum_c').number.value).toBe(births.slice(0, r + 1).reduce((a, b) => a + b));
+                expect(result.data.path(r, 'min_w').number.value).toBe(births0);
+                expect(result.data.path(r, 'max_w').number.value).toBe(births4);
+                expect(result.data.path(r, 'sum_w').number.value).toBe(births.reduce((a, b) => a + b));
+            }
+        });
+    });
+});
+afterAll(async () => {
+    await runtimes.closeAll();
+});
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