@maestroagora/agora 1.0.0 → 1.1.0

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@@ -1,894 +1,1387 @@
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- # Agora Marketing
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-
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- Canonical skill reference adapted from the user-provided handbook dated
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- 2026-07-17. Repository frontmatter was removed for portability; substantive
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- rules, evidence grades, limits, and durable source links remain authoritative.
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-
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- ## Contents
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-
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- - [Portable LLM activation contract](#portable-llm-activation-contract)
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- - [Source basis and authority](#source-basis-and-authority)
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- - [Core doctrine](#core-doctrine)
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- - [Format router](#format-router)
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- - [Required brief](#required-brief)
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- - [Build the argument](#build-the-argument)
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- - [Emotion without hype](#emotion-without-hype)
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- - [Mechanism and differentiation](#mechanism-and-differentiation)
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- - [Proof and claim control](#proof-and-claim-control)
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- - [Concision and format standard](#concision-and-format-standard)
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- - [CTA standard](#cta-standard)
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- - [Human voice and AI-writing-tell gate](#human-voice-and-ai-writing-tell-gate)
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- - [Written GEO/AEO and citability gate](#written-geoaeo-and-citability-gate)
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- - [Operational workflow](#operational-workflow)
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- - [Applied examples](#applied-examples)
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- - [Release checklist](#release-checklist)
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- - [Experiment and learning standard](#experiment-and-learning-standard)
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- - [Evidence register](#evidence-register)
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- - [Evidence maintenance](#evidence-maintenance)
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- - [Change log](#change-log)
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-
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- > **TLDR:** Build an evidence-supported argument, not a pile of persuasive
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- > words. Lead one audience toward one defensible belief. Make a real stake
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- > felt, explain the reason to believe, prove it, and ask for one clear action.
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- > Written content must also be easy to extract, verify, and quote. Spoken-only
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- > content skips the GEO/AEO layer. Truth, claim scope, clarity, and human voice
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- > outrank persuasion tricks.
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-
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- ## Portable LLM activation contract
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-
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- When this file is supplied, installed as a skill, or retrieved into context,
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- use it whenever the user asks to write, rewrite, shorten, critique, or plan
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- marketing, sales language, CTAs, ads, landing pages, emails, direct messages,
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- social posts, scripts, editorial content, comparison pages, or campaign
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- arguments. A request in any of those categories activates the instructions for
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- that turn.
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-
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- When activated, the LLM must:
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-
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- 1. Silently classify the asset with the format router below.
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- 2. Follow this priority order: truth and safety; verified facts and brand
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- constraints; buyer decision; clarity and citability; persuasion; brevity;
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- stylistic polish.
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- 3. Infer only low-risk context. Ask a question only when the answer would
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- materially change the audience, offer, claim, or action. Otherwise omit the
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- missing claim, narrow it, or place a concise verification note outside the
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- customer-ready copy.
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- 4. Return ready-to-use copy first. Do not expose chain-of-thought, a planning
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- scaffold, or a rule-by-rule explanation. Add rationale, assumptions,
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- alternatives, or test variants only when requested or materially necessary.
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- If no length is specified, deliver the shortest complete version appropriate
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- to the format; do not generate several near-duplicate options by default.
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- 5. Use one primary audience, destination belief, and CTA intent per asset.
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- 6. Apply the written GEO/AEO layer to written outputs. Skip it for spoken-only
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- delivery, but apply it to any published title, description, transcript,
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- captions, show notes, or companion page.
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- 7. Never invent a product fact, route, price, deadline, result, testimonial,
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- source, urgency, scarcity, or proof point.
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-
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- This is a decision system, not a visible fill-in-the-blanks template. Use only
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- the moves the asset needs, and vary the surface structure naturally.
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-
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- ## Source basis and authority
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-
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- This handbook synthesizes the two writing references and three research
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- reports listed below. The research reports inform the rules but do
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- not override the scope or limits of their underlying evidence.
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-
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- Supplied source set:
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-
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- - User-provided transcript: `agora style marketing.md` (received 2026-07-17).
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- - User-provided reference: `ai-writing-tells-reference (1).md` (received
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- 2026-07-17).
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- - User-provided research: `Emotional Persuasion and Argument Sequencing in
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- Marketing and Sales.md` (received 2026-07-17).
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- - User-provided research: `Evidence on Marketing Copy Length and Structure
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- Across Digital Formats.md` (received 2026-07-17).
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- - User-provided research: `Current Evidence on AI Search Visibility Across
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- ChatGPT Search, Claude Web Search, Perplexity, Gemini and Google AI Overviews,
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- Bing Copilot, and Grok.md` (received 2026-07-17).
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- - CiteSurge-only repository authorities: `content/ai-writing-tells.md`,
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- `content/ai-writing-tells.ts`, `docs/product/content-audit.md`,
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- `docs/staff/02-marketing-runbook.md`, and
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- `docs/staff/public-claim-ledger.md`.
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-
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- - The Agora transcript supplies the argument-first doctrine. It is a
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- direct-response lens, not a universal law or factual claim source.
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- - The human-voice reference supplies an editing model based on pattern density,
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- specificity, source fidelity, and author ownership. It does not promise
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- detector evasion.
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- - The persuasion research supports argument quality, vivid concrete imagery,
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- positive affect, diagnostic proof, and manageable information load. It also
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- shows that narrative, fear, guilt, scarcity, loss framing, and mechanism
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- language are conditional tools rather than universal conversion laws.
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- - The copy-structure research supports format-specific decisions and testing,
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- not one universal short-copy rule.
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- - The AI-search research supports clear, self-contained, evidence-bearing
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- passages and engine-specific technical controls. It does not establish a
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- universal citation formula.
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- - `content/ai-writing-tells.ts` is the automated scanner authority for gated
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- CiteSurge public copy.
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- - `docs/staff/public-claim-ledger.md` controls what CiteSurge may claim in
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- public. It overrides examples, old copy, briefs, and this handbook.
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- - `docs/handbook/02-methodology-hiding-rule.md` controls what CiteSurge may
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- disclose about internal methods.
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- - Current product docs and live behavior control capability truth.
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-
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- When this file is used outside CiteSurge, replace repository-specific claim and
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- methodology controls with the user's verified product truth, legal constraints,
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- brand guidance, and source ledger. If those materials are unavailable, do not
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- assume that an example in this file authorizes the claim.
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-
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- Evidence labels used in this file:
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-
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- | Label | Meaning |
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- |---|---|
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- | `A` | Current first-party or official documentation for the named system. |
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- | `B` | Controlled, peer-reviewed, preregistered, meta-analytic, or scoped reproducible research. |
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- | `C` | Observational platform data, vendor study, or bounded case evidence. |
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- | `D` | Contradiction, missing evidence, or an unresolved claim. Do not teach it as fact. |
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- | `HOUSE` | Editorial convention chosen for consistency and usability. |
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- | `EVIDENCE-INFORMED` | Direction supported within a limited population, channel, or outcome. |
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- | `TEST` | A practical starting variant that requires local measurement. |
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-
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- Do not turn a `HOUSE`, `C`, or `TEST` rule into a scientific claim. No evidence
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- grade authorizes transfer to an unmeasured audience, channel, or outcome. A
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- result for attention, fluency, click-through, or reply rate is not evidence of
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- trust, qualified demand, citation, conversion, or revenue unless those outcomes
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- were measured separately.
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-
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- ## Core doctrine
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- **Compelling argument before compelling words.**
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- Copy is not persuasive because it contains louder adjectives. It is persuasive
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- when its claims, proof, stakes, and conclusion form a path the audience can
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- follow and defend.
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- Word choice still matters. Sequence it correctly:
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-
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- 1. Decide what the audience must understand or believe.
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- 2. Build the case.
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- 3. Check the case against truth and evidence.
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- 4. Improve verbs, rhythm, and phrasing.
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-
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- Power words without an argument create noise. A sound argument written in flat
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- language can be edited. Hype without proof cannot.
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-
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- ### The destination belief
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- Every asset needs one primary destination belief: the conclusion the prospect
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- must accept before the offer or CTA makes sense.
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- A valid destination belief is:
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-
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- - specific to the audience and moment;
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- - necessary for the next action;
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- - supported by supplied or verified evidence;
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- - narrow enough for one asset;
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- - honest about conditions and uncertainty.
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- It is not permission to manufacture certainty. The goal is a supported
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- conclusion, not an argument the reader is forbidden to question.
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-
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- Simple transactional copy may need only one claim and one action. Do not force
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- a long story, coined mechanism, or full sales argument onto a button, alert,
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- email, or high-intent page that already has enough context.
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-
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- ## Format router
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-
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- | Asset class | Required treatment |
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- |---|---|
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- | `INDEXABLE_PUBLIC` | Agora argument, human-voice gate, full written GEO/AEO content gate, claim/source review, and technical publication handoff. |
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- | `PUBLIC_NON_INDEXABLE_WRITTEN` | Agora argument, human-voice gate, written semantic/evidence rules, and public claim review. Use for ads, social posts, decks, and PDFs without an indexable page. Skip canonical, schema, sitemap, and indexability checks. |
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- | `WRITTEN_PRIVATE` | Agora argument, human-voice gate, concrete entities, self-contained claims, and evidence fidelity. Skip crawl, canonical, sitemap, schema, and indexability checks because the asset has no public URL. |
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- | `SPOKEN_ONLY` | Agora argument, human cadence, and claim gate. Skip GEO/AEO formatting. Write for breath, delivery, timing, and listener comprehension. |
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- | `HYBRID` | Classify each output separately. A video script can be spoken-only; its public title, description, transcript, captions, show notes, and companion page are written assets. |
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-
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- Keep CTA labels as short as clarity permits. Specificity and a predictable next
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- step outrank an arbitrary word count. For written public assets, optimize the
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- claim block around the CTA for extraction and evidence; do not stuff proof,
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- definitions, or query phrases into the button label.
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-
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- Use the complete definition and applicable checks in the written GEO/AEO gate
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- below. No asset can promise citation, ranking, recommendation, or sale.
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-
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- ## Required brief
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-
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- Capture these inputs before drafting. Infer only low-risk details from supplied
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- context; state consequential assumptions outside the final copy.
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-
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- ```text
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- Asset class and channel:
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- Audience and buying context:
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- Awareness or intent stage:
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- Problem, desire, or decision:
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- Current belief:
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- Destination belief:
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- Offer and next action:
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- Verified proof and sources:
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- Claim and methodology limits:
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- Voice samples or brand traits:
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- Length and format constraints:
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- ```
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-
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- If the brief contains several audiences, beliefs, or CTAs, choose one primary
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- path. Split distinct paths into separate assets rather than joining them with a
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- long sentence.
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-
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- ## Build the argument
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-
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- Use the minimum number of moves needed. This is a planning map, not a mandatory
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- visible template.
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- 1. **Recognizable reality.** Name the situation in language the audience would
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- use.
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- 2. **Stakes.** Show the concrete cost, risk, frustration, desire, or missed
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- opportunity.
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- 3. **Broken assumption.** Explain why the current approach may not produce the
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- desired result. Do not misrepresent alternatives.
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- 4. **New criterion.** Establish what a credible solution must do.
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- 5. **Reason to believe.** Explain the product's specific approach or mechanism.
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- 6. **Difference and proof.** Show how the approach meets the criterion and cite
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- the strongest available evidence.
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- 7. **After-state.** Make the useful change tangible without inventing an
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- outcome.
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- 8. **Offer and action.** Present one next step that follows from the case.
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-
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- The compact logical form is:
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-
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- ```text
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- The desired result requires X.
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- The current approach lacks X, within the stated scope.
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- This offer provides X, supported by Y.
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- Therefore this offer is a credible next step for this audience.
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- ```
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-
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- This syllogism is a house derivation from the transcript's argument-first idea,
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- not a quoted Agora formula. If any premise cannot be proved, revise the premise
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- or reduce the claim.
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- Sequence by decision, not dogma:
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-
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- - For a high-consideration or B2B decision, a useful default is concrete stake,
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- truthful mechanism, diagnostic proof, relevant limits, brief illustration,
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- then CTA. Treat this as an evidence-aligned heuristic, not a universal law.
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- - For a low-cost, hedonic, or early-awareness asset, vivid use, positive affect,
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- and mental imagery may do more work before the proof. The claim still needs
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- support before the action.
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- - For a simple high-intent task, lead with the offer, answer, or action. Do not
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- manufacture a story merely to reproduce a sales-page sequence.
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-
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- ### Argument continuity test
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-
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- For every block, ask:
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- - What belief does the reader hold before this block?
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- - What new information or feeling does this block add?
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- - Why does the next block follow?
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- - Would deleting this block weaken the case?
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- Delete blocks that repeat the destination, decorate a claim, or smooth a
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- transition without adding information.
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- ## Emotion without hype
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- Emotion comes from a real situation and its consequence, not from inflated
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- word choice.
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- `HOUSE`: When several tensions would blur the decision, choose one primary
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- emotional job for the block:
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-
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- - tension from a recognized problem;
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- - relief from reduced uncertainty or effort;
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- - control from clear evidence and a next step;
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- - ambition tied to a credible outcome;
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- - identity or belonging supported by the audience context;
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- - curiosity created by a meaningful information gap.
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-
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- Then make it concrete:
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-
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- ```text
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- Situation + consequence + available agency
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- ```
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- Prefer "Your team cannot tell which source shaped the answer" over "Navigate
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- the complex AI landscape with confidence." The first gives the reader a scene,
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- a problem, and a reason to care. The second asks generic words to carry the
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- emotion.
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- Rules:
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- - For truthful fear or risk, state bounded severity and likelihood, then give a
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- credible response-efficacy path. Do not leave the reader trapped.
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- - `HOUSE`: Prefer one dominant emotional tension when several would blur the
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- decision.
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- - Make the desired change observable in the reader's work or life.
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- - Prefer a concrete image or consequence to an extra adjective. Stronger
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- arguments, imagery, and positive affect can help persuasion; excessive
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- information load can hurt it. These are average effects, not permission to
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- decorate every sentence.
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- - Do not invent fears, motives, memories, pain, testimonials, urgency, or
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- scarcity.
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- - Do not shame, corner, or conceal material conditions.
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- - Preserve honest trade-offs. Trust is part of persuasion.
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- Conditional persuasion controls:
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- | Persuasion device | Safe operating rule |
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- |---|---|
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- | Narrative | Use a short story or scene to illustrate relevant evidence. Do not assume stories beat facts or use a story as proof. |
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- | Curiosity | Open a non-material information gap. Never hide mechanism, fit, price, risk, evidence, or the next step. |
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- | Fear or risk | State truthful, bounded severity and likelihood, then a credible response-efficacy path. Most supporting research is non-commercial. |
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- | Loss framing | `TEST` only. Compare it with neutral or gain framing and track intent and reactance, not attention alone. Agency does not make it reliably effective. |
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- | Guilt | Use sparingly, if at all. Never shame, coerce, or imply moral failure to force action. |
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- | Scarcity | State only a real, current, relevant limit. No fake inventory, countdown resets, or invented demand. |
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- | Social proof | Use auditable, comparable, scoped evidence. Popularity without relevance is not proof. |
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- Treat named psychological effects as hypotheses for the audience, channel, and
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- outcome. Never teach the lore that people always buy on emotion and justify
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- with logic, that stories always beat facts, or that one emotion-first sequence
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- works everywhere.
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- ## Mechanism and differentiation
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- The Agora source favors a unique mechanism: a specific reason the offer can
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- produce the desired result. Keep the useful part; reject invented exclusivity.
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- A clear mechanism statement answers:
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-
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- - What changes?
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- - What causes that change?
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- - Why is this approach relevant to the audience's problem?
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- - What evidence supports the difference?
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- - What conditions or limits apply?
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- Use "proprietary," "unique," "only," "superior," or market-leadership language
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- only when current evidence authorizes the exact claim. If the approach is
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- different but not exclusive, name the concrete difference. If it is standard,
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- explain its fit and execution instead of creating branded jargon.
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- A coherent, truthful causal explanation can make an offer easier to understand
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- and can raise perceived efficacy. It does not prove actual efficacy. A coined
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- mechanism is optional; a real reason to believe is not. Never retrofit technical
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- language around an unsupported outcome.
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- For CiteSurge public copy, describe differentiation at the principle,
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- experience, evidence, and outcome level. Do not disclose prompts, formulas,
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- weights, thresholds, vendor routing, fixtures, classifiers, infrastructure, or
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- raw provider diagnostics. Vague "proprietary AI" language is not a substitute
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- for a reason to believe.
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- Run the education-leakage test: if the explanation teaches the category but
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- leaves the buyer equally likely to choose any competitor, decide whether
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- category building is intentional. If it is not, connect the lesson to the
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- offer's verified difference or fit. Never invent exclusivity to close the gap.
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- ## Proof and claim control
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- Argument strength is limited by proof strength. Choose evidence diagnostic of
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- the exact claim and decision. As a `HOUSE` selection order, look for:
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- 1. Current, inspectable product behavior or a non-expired approved claim.
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- 2. First-hand or original evidence with a disclosed method and date.
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- 3. Current primary or official sources that support the exact statement.
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- 4. A verified demonstration, comparison, or consented case record.
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- 5. A verified, attributable testimonial within its real scope.
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- 6. Corroboration that is independent, comparable, current, and within scope.
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- Then name any material limitation that keeps the conclusion honest. A
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- limitation is not evidence. No proof means narrow or remove the claim; it does
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- not mean add adjectives.
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- Across persuasion research, statistics generally outperform a lone anecdote; a
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- relevant anecdote can still make an emotionally charged or self-relevant issue
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- concrete. Use the story to illustrate the evidence, not replace it. In online
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- review settings, valence, argument quality, usefulness, message trust, and
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- source credibility predict purchase intention; raw count alone is insufficient.
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- Category-specific automobile evidence shows that conflicting sources can reduce
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- intent and early sales. Treat comparability, recency, and consistency as
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- `HOUSE` proof-diagnosticity checks, and reconcile material discrepancies rather
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- than hiding them.
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- Keep claim types distinct:
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- | Type | Treatment |
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- |---|---|
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- | Fact | Verify source, wording, date, scope, and expiry. |
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- | Inference | Show what evidence supports it and retain uncertainty. |
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- | Opinion | Attribute ownership; do not present it as measured fact. |
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- | Promise | Confirm authority, delivery scope, conditions, and ability to perform. |
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- For CiteSurge:
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- - Only non-expired `LIVE` rows in `docs/staff/public-claim-ledger.md` may be
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- marketed as current.
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- - `LANDED_INACTIVE`, `OPEN_PENDING`, `FUTURE`, and `UNSUPPORTED` are not current
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- capabilities.
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- - Engine behavior claims need current primary support.
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- - Customer-facing copy must not expose HTTP codes, auth or quota failures,
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- scraping limits, probe names, raw exceptions, or implementation diagnostics.
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- - Do not promise that crawler access, schema, AI-readable files, or any single
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- content edit causes citation.
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- - Keep brand mention, source selection, answer absorption, visible citation,
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- referral, recommendation, conversion, and revenue as separate measures.
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- - Public positioning sells GEO/AEO. Use SEO only for necessary comparison,
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- decline, or replacement context; never sell it positively. Review every SEO
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- occurrence before publication.
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- ## Concision and format standard
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- There is no universal short-copy law. Write the shortest complete decision
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- path for the channel, audience, stage, device, traffic source, offer complexity,
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- language, and risk. One asset should still have one destination belief; one
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- block should do one main job; one sentence should carry one main claim.
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- Ranges below are editing controls or starting variants, not guaranteed optima:
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- | Format | Working rule | Status and limit |
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- |---|---|---|
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- | Headline | Aim for 3-9 words; review above 12. | `HOUSE` |
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- | Support line | Aim for 12-24 words; review above 30. | `HOUSE` |
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- | Sentence | Keep most at 20 words or fewer; review above 25. | `EVIDENCE-INFORMED` for accessibility, based on a small screen-reader study; not a conversion law. |
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- | Marketing paragraph | Usually 1-3 sentences; review above 75 words. | `HOUSE` |
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- | Hero | Test roughly 25-75 total words when mobile, high intent, or urgency favors compression. | `TEST`; no universal hero optimum. |
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- | Button CTA | Test 2-5 words, but use more when needed to make the action predictable. | `TEST`; clarity and transparency outrank brevity. |
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- | B2B cold email | Start around 50-100 words and 3-4 sentences, then ask for interest rather than a calendar commitment. | `EVIDENCE-INFORMED`, from large observational Gong datasets; not causal or universal. |
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- | Active-deal follow-up | Use roughly 3-6 short sentences with a specific next step; no hard word cap. | `TEST`; context carries more detail. |
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- | Warm personal email | Start around 50-120 words when no channel constraint says otherwise. | `HOUSE` |
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- | LinkedIn cold message | Test below roughly 400-500 characters with one reason to care and one low-friction ask. | `C` and `TEST`; LinkedIn findings are product- and use-case-specific. |
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- | Utility, product, or question-led page | Put the answer, offer, or decision aid in the first sentence or paragraph. | `HOUSE`, aligned with general web usability; do not force this onto narrative or editorial openings. |
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- | Long sales or comparison page | No global word cap. Put a useful summary before detail, use progressive disclosure, and chunk proof and objections. | `HOUSE`, aligned with general usability practice. |
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- | Comparison set | Test a static table around five or fewer options; reflow or use readable cards on mobile. | `TEST`; a usability starting point, not a ranking rule. |
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- | Paid ad | Obey the platform limit. Test personal or subjective framing for attention against objective, brand-consistent framing for conversion. | `TEST`; keep click-through and conversion separate. |
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- | Social post | No universal character optimum. Preserve the hook, useful substance, and readable shape. | `HOUSE`; test length in the actual platform and content category. |
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- On mobile, increase signal and reduce friction; do not merely delete words.
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- Preserve meaning, evidence, button clarity, and usable comparison structure. Do
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- not force legal qualifications, technical explanations, translations, or
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- complex decisions into a house range. Evidence and necessary qualification are
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- load-bearing; decorative setup is not.
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- ### Compression order
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- Cut in this order:
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- 1. repeated claims and empty recaps;
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- 2. throat-clearing and generic introductions;
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- 3. adjective stacks and intensifiers;
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- 4. formal transitions the logic does not need;
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- 5. unsupported claims and secondary examples;
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- 6. a secondary CTA or audience path.
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- Never cut a material condition, source, qualification, or next-step detail just
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- to hit a count.
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- Keep a sentence only if it does at least one job:
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- - advances the destination belief;
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- - proves a material claim;
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- - resolves a real objection;
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- - makes the action clear.
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- If deleting it changes nothing, delete it.
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- ## CTA standard
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- A CTA should feel like the next logical step, not a sudden hard-sell voice.
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- Every CTA must:
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-
480
- - ask for one concrete action;
481
- - make the next screen, reply, or commitment predictable;
482
- - match the audience's intent and the argument's promise;
483
- - use a specific verb and object when space allows;
484
- - avoid adding a new claim;
485
- - use urgency or scarcity only when verified and material;
486
- - point to a real route or action that works.
487
-
488
- Choose one primary CTA intent. A long page may repeat the same action at useful
489
- decision points; repetition does not create a second CTA path. In a cold B2B
490
- message, a low-friction interest question can be more appropriate than asking
491
- for a meeting immediately. In an active conversation or later deal stage, ask
492
- for the specific next step. Treat both as context-sensitive starting rules.
493
-
494
- Useful patterns, subject to route and offer truth:
495
-
496
- | Intent | Pattern examples |
497
- |---|---|
498
- | Discover | `See the evidence`, `Read the method` |
499
- | Compare | `Compare approaches`, `Compare plans` |
500
- | Evaluate | `Review your gaps`, `View the plan` |
501
- | Act | `Request an audit`, `Book a review` |
502
-
503
- Prefer a precise action over `Learn more`, `Get started`, `Unlock your
504
- potential`, or `Start your journey`, unless the surrounding interface already
505
- makes the outcome unambiguous. Keep supporting proof or risk-reversal in nearby
506
- microcopy, not inside the button. Claims such as "No card required" or a
507
- response time must be verified before use.
508
-
509
- ## Human voice and AI-writing-tell gate
510
-
511
- The goal is not to disguise authorship. The goal is specific, accurate,
512
- author-owned writing that fits the channel.
513
-
514
- ### Core tests
515
-
516
- - **Competitor-swap test:** if replacing the subject with any competitor leaves
517
- the paragraph accurate, rewrite it with a real mechanism, fact, situation,
518
- boundary, or point of view.
519
- - **Read-aloud test:** if the intended speaker would not say it, revise it.
520
- - **Defense test:** if the author would hesitate to defend a sentence in front
521
- of the buyer, verify, qualify, or remove it.
522
- - **Density test:** judge clusters and repeated templates, not one ordinary word
523
- in isolation.
524
-
525
- High-risk clusters include vague verbs such as `unlock`, `leverage`, `elevate`,
526
- and `transform`; inflated adjectives such as `seamless`, `robust`,
527
- `groundbreaking`, and `world-class`; and generic nouns such as `landscape`,
528
- `ecosystem`, `journey`, and `game-changer`.
529
-
530
- Review or remove:
531
-
532
- - stock openers and prompt acknowledgements;
533
- - formal connective chains;
534
- - significance tails that explain why a sentence matters instead of adding
535
- evidence;
536
- - repeated three-part lists;
537
- - repeated `Not only... but also...` structures;
538
- - heading restatements and automatic paragraph summaries;
539
- - symmetrical sections that give every point equal weight;
540
- - generic conclusions that do not decide, request, or direct;
541
- - repeated bold-label bullets and decorative mid-prose emphasis;
542
- - fabricated citations, anecdotes, motives, opinions, or credentials;
543
- - random errors or slang added to look human.
544
-
545
- Necessary technical terms, an earned rhetorical triplet, a natural fragment,
546
- or an author-consistent punctuation choice may remain in ordinary writing. For
547
- gated CiteSurge public pages, the repository scanner is stricter:
548
-
549
- - prompt leakage or acknowledgement openers fail immediately;
550
- - em dashes and curly quote characters or entities in prose fail;
551
- - three or more watchlist indicators in one prose block fail;
552
- - the same template or significance-tail fingerprint repeated twice fails;
553
- - a single watchlist occurrence is informational, not an automatic failure.
554
-
555
- Use `content/ai-writing-tells.md` for rationale and
556
- `content/ai-writing-tells.ts` for the current machine-readable rules. Never
557
- promise that copy is "undetectable" or optimize it toward one detector score.
558
-
559
- ## Written GEO/AEO and citability gate
560
-
561
- Apply the semantic and evidence rules below to every written asset. Apply the
562
- technical rules only when the asset has an indexable public URL. Public
563
- non-indexable work still needs public-safe claims; private writing still needs
564
- clear entities and source fidelity. Spoken-only assets skip this section unless
565
- a written derivative is published.
566
-
567
- "Fully GEO/AEO optimized" means maximum practical extractability,
568
- verifiability, information value, and technical eligibility for the asset. It
569
- does not mean guaranteed retrieval, selection, quotation, citation, ranking,
570
- recommendation, referral, or sale. 2026 preprints provide descriptive,
571
- observational, and experimental evidence for testing modular, self-contained,
572
- evidence-bearing passages in some AI-search systems; they do not establish a
573
- universal ranking formula.
574
-
575
- ### Content requirements
576
-
577
- 1. **Resolve the real question early when the format calls for it.** Utility,
578
- product, comparison, and question-led content should put the answer, offer,
579
- or decision aid in the first sentence or paragraph. A narrative or editorial
580
- opening may begin with a relevant scene, but should reveal the subject and
581
- value before the setup becomes a detour.
582
- 2. **Name the entity and scope.** Use the full brand, product, category, market,
583
- date, and population where ambiguity would weaken an extracted passage.
584
- 3. **Build self-contained evidence blocks.** A useful paragraph should preserve
585
- its subject, claim, support, and material limit when quoted alone. Replace
586
- vague dependencies such as "this," "it," and "as above" when context would
587
- be lost.
588
- 4. **Keep evidence next to the claim.** Name and link the exact source, date
589
- material facts, distinguish fact from inference, and state relevant limits.
590
- Prefer current primary or first-party sources.
591
- 5. **Add information gain.** Contribute original data, first-hand experience,
592
- a useful comparison, a reproducible demonstration, a disclosure-safe method,
593
- or a defensible point of view. Do not paraphrase category consensus and call
594
- it insight.
595
- 6. **Structure around reader intent.** Use descriptive headings, definitions,
596
- lists, steps, tables, or FAQs only when they make the answer easier to use.
597
- Q&A formatting by itself is not a citability strategy.
598
- 7. **Make provenance visible.** For public editorial work, show a verified
599
- author or publisher, publication or review date, sources, and relevant
600
- disclosures. Treat these as trust and verification practices, not universal
601
- ranking factors.
602
- 8. **Link contextually.** Connect the page to the most relevant evidence,
603
- capability, comparison, trust, or next-step page. Do not chase arbitrary
604
- internal-link counts.
605
- 9. **Keep surfaces consistent.** Visible copy, metadata, structured data,
606
- feeds, sales material, and machine-readable surfaces must describe the same
607
- facts and scope.
608
- 10. **Measure distinct events.** Record the engine or surface, prompt or topic,
609
- market, date, and observed output. Keep brand mention, source selection,
610
- answer absorption, visible citation, referral, recommendation, conversion,
611
- and revenue separate.
612
-
613
- ### Emotional marketing plus extractability
614
-
615
- Emotion can earn attention; a self-contained evidence block can support
616
- understanding and verification. A useful page-level sequence is:
617
-
618
- 1. a concise hook that names a real tension or desired change;
619
- 2. an early plain-language answer or value claim;
620
- 3. self-contained blocks for mechanism, evidence, comparison, and limits;
621
- 4. one primary CTA intent that follows from the supported conclusion.
622
-
623
- The hero may carry more emotion. Proof sections should carry more diagnostic
624
- facts. Both must use the same destination belief and claim scope. Do not repeat
625
- this four-part shape mechanically across every section.
626
-
627
- ### Engine-specific boundaries
628
-
629
- These controls were verified against official documentation on 2026-07-17.
630
- Recheck them before an engine-specific recommendation; crawler names and product
631
- behavior can change.
632
-
633
- | System | Safe rule |
634
- |---|---|
635
- | ChatGPT Search | `OAI-SearchBot` is the Search crawler; `GPTBot` concerns potential model training; `ChatGPT-User` performs user-initiated fetches. Permission can affect eligibility, not inclusion. ChatGPT referrals can be identified with `utm_source=chatgpt.com`. |
636
- | Claude web search | `Claude-SearchBot`, `ClaudeBot`, and `Claude-User` have different purposes. Blocking Search or User access may reduce visibility. Do not claim a first-party citation or referral analytics method unless Anthropic documents one. |
637
- | Perplexity | Treat `PerplexityBot` and `Perplexity-User` separately. Current official descriptions of robots behavior are not fully consistent, so name the agent, action, source, and date rather than saying Perplexity simply respects or ignores `robots.txt`. |
638
- | Google AI Overviews and AI Mode | Google Search controls and Googlebot govern Search eligibility. `Google-Extended` is separate and does not control inclusion or ranking in Google Search. Google requires no special AI schema, AI text file, or special page structure; `llms.txt` is ignored by Google Search. |
639
- | Bing and Copilot | Bing Webmaster Tools AI Performance and Microsoft Clarity can distinguish some citations, queries, and referrals. Citation count is not proof of prominence, answer contribution, accuracy, or conversion. IndexNow is a Bing-supported freshness mechanism, not a cross-engine ranking tactic. |
640
- | Grok | xAI documents web-search results and citations for its API. Its `citations` field can include every URL encountered during tool search, while inline citations are answer-linked and not guaranteed; do not count every encountered URL as visible support. Public site-owner controls for Grok crawling, indexing, and training are not established in the reviewed official material. Mark them unknown rather than inferring them. |
641
-
642
- Never import one engine's crawler, metadata, structured-data, or measurement
643
- rule into another engine without first-party support.
644
-
645
- ### Indexable-public technical handoff
646
-
647
- Copy alone cannot complete GEO/AEO. Confirm or hand off checks for:
648
-
649
- - one stable, accessible canonical URL and intentional indexability;
650
- - important claims and evidence available in robust, accessible page content;
651
- - intentional, engine-specific crawler policy;
652
- - HTTPS, stable delivery, useful status behavior, and crawlable links;
653
- - sitemap discovery and truthful freshness dates where applicable;
654
- - descriptive metadata aligned with visible copy;
655
- - contextual internal links and useful image alternatives;
656
- - valid structured data that matches visible facts and a supported use case;
657
- - consistent author, publisher, organization, and product identities.
658
-
659
- Prefer important evidence in normal accessible HTML for retrieval robustness,
660
- but do not claim that every engine ignores client-rendered content, PDFs,
661
- images, or other formats. Structured data can clarify meaning or qualify a page
662
- for documented features; it does not guarantee AI selection or citation.
663
- Google documents no special AI schema. OpenAI's documented structured metadata
664
- use is currently specific to Shopping, not a general ChatGPT ranking rule.
665
- Never invent questions, authors, dates, ratings, products, or organization
666
- facts for markup. Do not require `llms.txt`; Google ignores it and a citation
667
- effect is unproved elsewhere.
668
-
669
- ### GEO/AEO anti-patterns
670
-
671
- Reject:
672
-
673
- - keyword or entity stuffing;
674
- - long copy written only to satisfy a word count;
675
- - thin definition pages and minor-query variants;
676
- - hidden answer text or machine-only claims;
677
- - fake statistics, false precision, or source laundering;
678
- - FAQ or Q&A blocks added only as a citability tactic;
679
- - duplicated passages with swapped keywords;
680
- - crawler permission presented as retrieval, selection, or citation;
681
- - structured data, authorship, dates, direct answers, or HTML rendering
682
- presented as universal ranking factors;
683
- - citation count treated as answer contribution, accuracy, endorsement,
684
- prominence, referral, or conversion;
685
- - `llms.txt`, IndexNow, or an engine-specific crawler rule presented as a
686
- universal requirement;
687
- - observational movement presented as causal lift;
688
- - generic AI phrasing that lowers specificity and information value.
689
-
690
- ## Operational workflow
691
-
692
- 1. Route the asset.
693
- 2. Confirm audience, decision stage, offer, action, product state, evidence,
694
- channel constraints, and disclosure limits.
695
- 3. Write the current belief and one supportable destination belief.
696
- 4. Select the minimum argument moves and attach proof to each premise.
697
- 5. Draft for the channel: one idea per block and one primary action placed at
698
- format-appropriate decision points.
699
- 6. Apply the written GEO/AEO layer to every written output. Add technical
700
- publication checks only for indexable public work.
701
- 7. Cut setup, repetition, padding, and secondary arguments. Preserve evidence
702
- and qualifications; use format ranges only according to their label.
703
- 8. Apply the competitor-swap, read-aloud, defense, and density tests.
704
- 9. Verify the CTA, then compare every final claim with its source and ledger
705
- status.
706
-
707
- For CiteSurge public changes, pass every changed marketing file or directory
708
- explicitly to `npm run dev:ai-writing-tells:scan --`, then run:
709
-
710
- ```powershell
711
- npm run dev:public:claim-safety:smoke
712
- ```
713
-
714
- No-argument AI scan covers only its default gated page set. Pass every changed
715
- marketing path explicitly. Inspect rendered copy and all changed metadata,
716
- schema, feed, sitemap, or AI-readable surfaces.
717
-
718
- Published Insights also require a reviewer independent from the draft owner.
719
- That reviewer checks rendered article, sources, claim scope, methodology
720
- boundary, metadata, schema, feed, and AI-readable summary. Automated checks do
721
- not replace this review; publication stays blocked when it is unavailable.
722
-
723
- ## Applied examples
724
-
725
- CiteSurge examples below show structure, not standing publication approval.
726
- Recheck claim ledger, source freshness, offer, and destination route before use.
727
-
728
- ### Hero
729
-
730
- Weak:
731
-
732
- > Transform your brand's future with better AI visibility today.
733
-
734
- Stronger:
735
-
736
- > See the evidence behind AI answers. CiteSurge records observed answers with
737
- > citation URLs, prompt, engine, and market, then turns verified gaps into a
738
- > prioritized plan. Review the evidence.
739
-
740
- The stronger version moves from uncertainty to control through a concrete
741
- mechanism and action. It does not ask hype words to supply emotion.
742
-
743
- ### Short sales email
744
-
745
- Fictional evidence for structure only. Replace every observation before use.
746
-
747
- > Hi Sam,
748
- >
749
- > I checked how answer engines describe Acme. Acme appeared in two buyer
750
- > questions, but neither answer cited an Acme page.
751
- >
752
- > I put the evidence and three possible fixes into a short audit. Want me to
753
- > send it?
754
-
755
- The sequence is situation, concrete stake, available agency, then one
756
- low-friction question. No category lecture or inflated claim is needed.
757
-
758
- ### CTA and microcopy
759
-
760
- Weak button: `Unlock your potential`
761
-
762
- Stronger button: `Review your gaps`
763
-
764
- Supporting line: `See the observed answers before deciding what to fix.`
765
-
766
- The button is concise because its action is clear. The nearby line carries
767
- context and reduces uncertainty.
768
-
769
- ## Release checklist
770
-
771
- - [ ] Asset route, audience, destination belief, and one primary CTA intent are
772
- explicit.
773
- - [ ] Stakes come from a real situation and leave the reader with agency.
774
- - [ ] Narrative, fear, loss, guilt, scarcity, curiosity, and social proof obey
775
- their conditional and ethical controls.
776
- - [ ] Each premise is verified, qualified, or removed.
777
- - [ ] Mechanism is concrete, disclosure-safe, and passes the education-leakage
778
- test.
779
- - [ ] Every block advances, proves, resolves, or directs; setup and recaps are
780
- cut.
781
- - [ ] Length and structure fit the format; no `HOUSE` or `TEST` range is treated
782
- as a universal performance law.
783
- - [ ] CTA names a real next action and adds no new claim.
784
- - [ ] Competitor-swap, read-aloud, defense, and density tests pass.
785
- - [ ] No fabricated detail, fake urgency, prompt leakage, or detector promise.
786
- - [ ] Written utility, product, comparison, and question-led copy answers early;
787
- all written copy names entities and keeps key evidence blocks self-contained.
788
- - [ ] Material written claims have exact, current, preferably primary sources.
789
- - [ ] Material inconsistencies across sources are reconciled or disclosed.
790
- - [ ] Structure, authorship, freshness, disclosures, and links serve reader
791
- intent.
792
- - [ ] Public visible and machine-readable surfaces agree; indexable work has a
793
- technical handoff.
794
- - [ ] No stuffing, thin variants, machine-only text, or citation guarantee.
795
- - [ ] Engine-specific crawler and measurement rules were reverified and were not
796
- generalized across engines.
797
- - [ ] CiteSurge public claims map to non-expired `LIVE` rows.
798
- - [ ] CiteSurge methodology and customer-safety boundaries hold.
799
- - [ ] Brand mention, source selection, answer absorption, visible citation,
800
- referral, recommendation, conversion, and revenue stay distinct.
801
- - [ ] GEO/AEO remains CiteSurge's sales frame; every SEO occurrence is reviewed.
802
- - [ ] Required smokes and independent editorial review pass where applicable.
803
- - [ ] Author can defend every sentence.
804
-
805
- ## Experiment and learning standard
806
-
807
- Use local testing to adapt a `HOUSE`, `C`, `EVIDENCE-INFORMED`, or `TEST` rule.
808
- Do not convert a weak experiment into doctrine.
809
-
810
- 1. Change one variable family and pre-register the audience, decision stage,
811
- primary outcome, minimum useful effect, and guardrails. If several elements
812
- change, label the test a full-page or full-message variant.
813
- 2. Randomize the correct unit and control repeat exposure, sales-rep effects,
814
- account overlap, and channel contamination where relevant.
815
- 3. Calculate sample size from the current baseline, minimum useful effect,
816
- power target, clustering, and multiple comparisons. Never copy a source
817
- study's sample size as the new requirement.
818
- 4. Run through the relevant business cycle. Do not stop when a result first
819
- becomes favorable unless a sequential design and stopping rule were declared.
820
- 5. Keep click-through, conversion, reply, meeting, qualified lead, close,
821
- citation, referral, and revenue metrics separate.
822
- 6. Track quality and harm guardrails: accessibility, comprehension, negative
823
- replies, spam reports, unsubscribes, cost, downstream fit, and trust signals.
824
- 7. Segment only when pre-declared and sufficiently powered.
825
- 8. Record positive, null, mixed, harmful, and inconclusive outcomes.
826
- 9. With low traffic, prefer comprehension tests, usability sessions, message
827
- interviews, or sequential learning batches over underpowered causal claims.
828
- 10. Promote a rule only when the observed effect matches the intended outcome
829
- and survives the declared guardrails.
830
-
831
- ## Evidence register
832
-
833
- This register records the durable sources used to turn the supplied research
834
- into operating rules. It deliberately excludes the reports' non-portable
835
- session citation tokens.
836
-
837
- ### Persuasion, emotion, mechanism, and proof
838
-
839
- | Evidence | Grade | Operational use and limit |
840
- |---|---:|---|
841
- | [Verbal persuasion in marketing meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-025-01095-4) | `B` | Across 308 studies, argument quality, mental imagery, and positivity were positively associated with persuasion while information load was negative. Outcomes and moderators vary; this is not a conversion formula. |
842
- | [Delayed narrative-persuasion meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqaa005) and [registered narrative-correction report](https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-020-00266-x) | `B` | Narrative effects are small and conditional; equating information and comprehension can remove the advantage. Use narrative to illustrate, not replace, proof. |
843
- | [Anecdotal versus statistical evidence meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.01.006) | `B` | Statistics generally persuade more; anecdotes can help under high emotion or self-relevance. Match evidence to context without treating one story as representative. |
844
- | [Mechanism-based claim experiments](https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucae066) | `B` | A coherent causal chain can increase fluency and perceived efficacy. The experiments do not establish actual product efficacy. |
845
- | [Online review meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dim.2023.100058), [eWOM predictor meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-019-09924-y), and [source-credibility meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.005) | `B` | Valence, argument quality, usefulness, message trust, expertise, and relevance matter. Purchase intention is not always observed purchase behavior. |
846
- | [Multi-source inconsistency research](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2021.01.003) | `B` | In an automobile experiment and sales analysis, conflicting sources reduced intent and early sales. Generalize cautiously beyond high-consideration durable goods. |
847
- | [Fear-appeal meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039729) and [efficacy follow-up](https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqab049) | `B` | Average effects were positive, mainly outside commercial marketing; credible response efficacy is important. This does not license exaggeration or coercion. |
848
- | [Guilt meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1201631), [scarcity-backfire experiments](https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1225011), and recent [loss-framing attention](https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf006) and [reactance](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115684) studies | `B` | Guilt effects are small, scarcity can backfire, and loss framing can trade attention for reactance or lower intent. Use only truthfully and test the target outcome. |
849
-
850
- ### Copy length, structure, and CTA design
851
-
852
- | Evidence | Grade | Operational use and limit |
853
- |---|---:|---|
854
- | [Sentence-length study with screen-reader users](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49282-3_18) | `B` | A small study of 21 users favored 16-20-word sentences for comprehension. It supports an accessibility editing trigger, not a universal marketing optimum. |
855
- | [WCAG 2.2 guidance on headings and labels](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/headings-and-labels) | `A` | Headings and labels should describe topic or purpose and need not be long. Descriptiveness outranks minimal word count. |
856
- | Gong analyses of [executive cold email length](https://www.gong.io/blog/do-execs-really-reply-to-cold-email-here-s-what-the-data-says), [cold-email structure](https://www.gong.io/files/gong-guide-how-to-master-cold-email-get-the-data-backed-guide-based-on-85-million-emails.pdf), [cold CTA type](https://www.gong.io/blog/this-surprising-cold-email-cta-will-help-you-book-a-lot-more-meetings), and [later-stage sales email](https://www.gong.io/blog/how-to-write-a-sales-email) | `C` | Large observational sales datasets support short first-touch messages, interest CTAs when cold, and more specific asks later. Vendor population, selection, and outcome limits remain. |
857
- | LinkedIn guidance for [recruiter InMail](https://www.linkedin.com/business/talent/blog/product-tips/tips-for-writing-inmails-from-linkedin-recruiters), [Sponsored Messaging](https://business.linkedin.com/advertise/ads/sponsored-messaging/tips), and [LinkedIn ad formats](https://www.linkedin.com/business/marketing/blog/linkedin-ads/a-b2b-marketers-guide-to-every-linkedin-ad-type) | `C` | Shorter message bodies performed better in the named LinkedIn products and datasets. Do not generalize their character ranges to all direct messages. |
858
- | [Computational-advertising text-style field study](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fmre.2021.11.004) | `B` | Subjective, personalized text produced higher click-through while objective, brand-consistent text produced higher conversion in the studied system. Treat this as a channel-specific test hypothesis, not a universal funnel rule. |
859
-
860
- ### AI-search visibility and citability
861
-
862
- | Evidence | Grade | Operational use and limit |
863
- |---|---:|---|
864
- | [OpenAI crawler documentation](https://developers.openai.com/api/docs/bots) and [publisher FAQ](https://help.openai.com/en/articles/12627856-publishers-and-developers-faq) | `A` | Distinguishes Search, training, and user-fetch agents and documents ChatGPT referral tagging. Permission affects access or eligibility, not guaranteed inclusion. |
865
- | [OpenAI Shopping with ChatGPT Search](https://help.openai.com/en/articles/11128490-shopping-with-chatgpt-search) | `A` | Documents structured product metadata in the Shopping context only. It is not evidence for a general ChatGPT ranking or citation factor. |
866
- | [Anthropic crawler guidance](https://support.claude.com/en/articles/8896518-does-anthropic-crawl-data-from-the-web-and-how-can-site-owners-block-the-crawler) | `A` | Distinguishes Claude's crawler purposes. Do not infer analytics, ranking factors, or cross-engine rules. |
867
- | [Perplexity crawler documentation](https://docs.perplexity.ai/docs/resources/perplexity-crawlers) and [robots.txt help](https://www.perplexity.ai/help-center/en/articles/10354969-how-does-perplexity-follow-robots-txt) | `A` | Official pages verify the named agents and published controls. Their descriptions of robots behavior are not fully consistent, so the unresolved behavioral inference remains `D`; state the agent, action, source, and date. |
868
- | [Google AI-features guidance](https://developers.google.com/search/docs/appearance/ai-features) and [AI optimization guidance](https://developers.google.com/search/docs/fundamentals/ai-optimization-guide) | `A` | Normal Google Search eligibility and controls apply; no special AI schema, text file, or page structure is required. `Google-Extended` is separate from Search inclusion and ranking. |
869
- | [Bing AI Performance](https://blogs.bing.com/webmaster/February-2026/Introducing-AI-Performance-in-Bing-Webmaster-Tools-Public-Preview), [Microsoft Clarity AI citations](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/clarity/ai-visibility/ai-citations), and [IndexNow documentation](https://www.indexnow.org/documentation) | `A` | Supports engine-specific observation of citations, queries, referrals, and freshness submission. None alone proves answer contribution, prominence, accuracy, or business effect. |
870
- | [xAI web-search documentation](https://docs.x.ai/developers/tools/web-search) and [xAI citation documentation](https://docs.x.ai/developers/tools/citations) | `A` | Documents API search, encountered URLs, and inline citations. Site-owner crawl, index, and training controls remain `D` because they are unknown in the reviewed official material. |
871
- | [Selection and answer-absorption preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.25707) | `B` | Descriptive analysis with controlled prompts supports measuring source selection separately from answer absorption; it does not establish a structural intervention effect. |
872
- | [Multi-engine content-structure preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29979) | `B` | Reports experimental structural effects and supports testing self-contained, evidence-bearing passages. It remains a preprint and not a universal ranking rule. |
873
- | [Google AI Overview sourcing preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.14021) | `B` | Longitudinal observational evidence supports separating visible citation from claim fidelity. It is Google-specific and non-causal. |
874
-
875
- ## Evidence maintenance
876
-
877
- - Recheck official engine documentation every 30 days when this file is used
878
- for engine-specific technical advice, and immediately after a crawler,
879
- product, analytics, or policy change.
880
- - Check cited preprints quarterly for revisions, peer review, or retraction.
881
- - Recheck product claims, prices, routes, offers, and legal constraints at the
882
- time of use; do not rely on this file as their source of truth.
883
- - When adding a rule, record the channel, audience, population, measured
884
- outcome, date, evidence grade, and material limit.
885
- - Preserve contradictory and null evidence. Do not silently promote a vendor
886
- association or local test into a universal rule.
887
- - Use durable direct URLs or DOIs. Do not copy temporary research-session
888
- citation markers into this file.
889
-
890
- ## Change log
891
-
892
- | Date | Change |
893
- |---|---|
894
- | 2026-07-17 | Integrated three commissioned research reports; replaced session-bound research artifacts with durable sources; added portable LLM activation, evidence grades, conditional persuasion controls, format-specific length and CTA guidance, engine-specific GEO/AEO boundaries, and a testing standard. |
1
+ # Agora Marketing
2
+
3
+ Canonical skill reference adapted from the user-provided handbook dated
4
+ 2026-07-17 and rebuilt for the v1.1.0 persuasion contract. The source transcript
5
+ is summarized as operating doctrine, not published verbatim. Evidence grades,
6
+ limits, ethical controls, and durable source links remain authoritative.
7
+
8
+ ## Contents
9
+
10
+ - [Core doctrine](#core-doctrine)
11
+ - [The destination belief](#the-destination-belief)
12
+ - [Mechanism and company transformation](#mechanism-and-company-transformation)
13
+ - [Commercial modes](#commercial-modes)
14
+ - [Construction order](#construction-order)
15
+ - [Portable LLM activation contract](#portable-llm-activation-contract)
16
+ - [Source basis and authority](#source-basis-and-authority)
17
+ - [Format router](#format-router)
18
+ - [Required brief](#required-brief)
19
+ - [Build the argument](#build-the-argument)
20
+ - [Emotion without hype](#emotion-without-hype)
21
+ - [Mechanism controls](#mechanism-controls)
22
+ - [Proof and claim control](#proof-and-claim-control)
23
+ - [Rejection gates](#rejection-gates)
24
+ - [Concision and format standard](#concision-and-format-standard)
25
+ - [CTA standard](#cta-standard)
26
+ - [Spoken delivery](#spoken-delivery)
27
+ - [Human voice and AI-writing-tell gate](#human-voice-and-ai-writing-tell-gate)
28
+ - [Written GEO/AEO and citability gate](#written-geoaeo-and-citability-gate)
29
+ - [Operational workflow](#operational-workflow)
30
+ - [Applied weak and strong pairs](#applied-weak-and-strong-pairs)
31
+ - [Release checklist](#release-checklist)
32
+ - [Experiment and learning standard](#experiment-and-learning-standard)
33
+ - [Evidence register](#evidence-register)
34
+ - [Evidence maintenance](#evidence-maintenance)
35
+ - [Change log](#change-log)
36
+
37
+ ## Core doctrine
38
+
39
+ **Compelling argument before compelling words.**
40
+
41
+ Agora leads one audience from a real stake to one defensible buying,
42
+ investment, or positioning belief. Persuasion is the supported path between
43
+ those points. It is not a feature inventory, category definition, compliance
44
+ pass, or pile of claims.
45
+
46
+ For `SELL`, `INVEST`, and `POSITION`, use this mandatory commercial spine:
47
+
48
+ `Recognizable reality -> consequence or opportunity -> new decision criterion -> company or product mechanism -> defensible destination belief -> action or investment relevance.`
49
+
50
+ Moves may share sentences; none may disappear. An objective channel can cap
51
+ tone and length, but it cannot delete the argument.
52
+
53
+ Before delivery, silently locate the exact words that carry each of the six
54
+ moves. If any move has no concrete phrase in the draft, rebuild it. Compact
55
+ heroes, profiles, paywalls, emails, and spoken pitches are not exempt. Combine
56
+ moves rather than deleting them, and do not expose the audit.
57
+
58
+ Truth and safety outrank persuasion. Verified facts and brand constraints
59
+ outrank polish. A flat but supported case can be edited. Hype without proof
60
+ cannot.
61
+
62
+ When rules conflict, use this priority: truth and safety; verified facts and
63
+ brand constraints; the audience's decision; clarity and citability;
64
+ persuasion; brevity; stylistic polish.
65
+
66
+ ## The destination belief
67
+
68
+ Every asset needs one primary destination belief: the conclusion the audience
69
+ must accept before the next decision makes sense.
70
+
71
+ A valid destination belief is:
72
+
73
+ - specific to the audience, commercial job, and moment;
74
+ - necessary for buying, investing, positioning, understanding, or acting;
75
+ - supported by supplied or verified evidence;
76
+ - narrow enough for one asset;
77
+ - honest about conditions and uncertainty.
78
+
79
+ Write it before drafting the visible copy. Do not expose it as planning
80
+ scaffolding. Do not replace it with a category label, slogan, or list of
81
+ capabilities.
82
+
83
+ Simple transactional copy may need only one claim and one action. Do not force
84
+ a full commercial spine onto a confirmation, alert, or known utility task.
85
+
86
+ ## Mechanism and company transformation
87
+
88
+ The mechanism explains what the company or product changes, what causes that
89
+ change, why the change matters to this audience, and what limits apply. It is
90
+ the reason the destination belief can follow from the facts.
91
+
92
+ Count the consequence or opportunity move only when the copy names a concrete
93
+ business effect, decision risk, blocked task, exposure, or available gain.
94
+ Words such as `matters`, `confidence`, `better`, or `before acting` do not carry
95
+ the stake by themselves.
96
+
97
+ Company transformation is the factual movement the company creates between
98
+ the recognizable reality and the useful after-state. For example, software may
99
+ turn observed answer evidence into prioritized work, or turn mismatched finance
100
+ records into routed exceptions. The transformation must be supported by
101
+ supplied product behavior. It is not a performance promise.
102
+
103
+ Use a supported causal or operating verb as the primary brand verb. Reject
104
+ `shows`, `helps`, `supports`, or `built for` when a stronger factual verb is
105
+ available. Prefer exact verbs such as `records`, `reconciles`, `routes`, or
106
+ `turns`. Never strengthen the verb beyond the evidence.
107
+
108
+ A mechanism may be standard. Explain its fit and execution instead of inventing
109
+ exclusivity, branded jargon, or superiority.
110
+
111
+ ## Commercial modes
112
+
113
+ Choose one primary mode. An explicit mode wins. Otherwise infer it from the
114
+ audience, asset, and decision:
115
+
116
+ | Mode | Infer when the task concerns |
117
+ |---|---|
118
+ | `INVEST` | Investors, funding, pitches, or capital-focused profiles |
119
+ | `SELL` | Marketing, sales, ads, landing pages, outreach, or paywalls |
120
+ | `POSITION` | Company profiles, category narratives, or brand descriptions |
121
+ | `INFORM` | Editorial or educational work |
122
+ | `TRANSACT` | Buttons, confirmations, alerts, or utility microcopy |
123
+
124
+ Mode answers "what commercial job must the copy do?" Surface answers "where
125
+ and how will the copy appear?" Route them separately. A Crunchbase investor
126
+ description is `INVEST` on an objective indexable surface. A published video
127
+ description is written even when the related script is spoken.
128
+
129
+ For a tightly limited objective company profile, preserve the supported
130
+ operational problem and company transformation. A category label is optional.
131
+ Do not spend the limit on `Company is [category] that [feature list]` when the
132
+ supplied facts support a problem-to-transformation argument.
133
+
134
+ `SELL`, `INVEST`, and `POSITION` require the complete commercial spine.
135
+ `INFORM` requires a defensible informational conclusion and source fidelity,
136
+ without manufacturing a sales case. `TRANSACT` requires the clearest supported
137
+ action, state, and consequence, without manufacturing stakes.
138
+
139
+ For `INVEST`, state investment relevance in the visible copy. Placement in an
140
+ investor directory does not carry this move. Use a neutral sentence that says
141
+ the company `merits evaluation because` of a specific supported mechanism or
142
+ workflow position. Do not end with abstract category restatements built on
143
+ `represents`, `focused on`, `approach to`, or `positioned at`. Do not substitute
144
+ traction, market hype, or a funding CTA.
145
+
146
+ When several fields form one company profile, make the longest field carry the
147
+ complete commercial spine. A short field may compress the problem or criterion
148
+ with the transformation, but the Full Description cannot become a feature
149
+ inventory. Do not include every supplied capability by default. Omit facts
150
+ that do not advance the destination belief.
151
+
152
+ ## Construction order
153
+
154
+ Use this exact order:
155
+
156
+ `Commercial job -> destination belief -> argument -> proof gate -> channel formatting -> written GEO/AEO when applicable -> AI-writing-tell edit -> compression.`
157
+
158
+ The proof gate comes before channel compliance. A polished, objective,
159
+ extractable, or natural-sounding draft still fails when its premise is missing
160
+ or unsupported.
161
+
162
+ Channel rules cap tone without deleting the argument. For objective platforms
163
+ such as Crunchbase, write the strongest objective argument permitted and
164
+ explain any channel conflict after the copy.
165
+
166
+ ## Portable LLM activation contract
167
+
168
+ When this file is supplied, installed as a skill, or retrieved into context,
169
+ use it for writing, rewriting, shortening, critiquing, or planning marketing,
170
+ sales, investor, positioning, editorial, interface, outreach, and spoken copy.
171
+
172
+ When activated, the LLM must:
173
+
174
+ 1. Select the explicit or inferred commercial mode, then route each surface
175
+ separately.
176
+ 2. Build the destination belief and argument before proof, compliance, voice,
177
+ or compression passes.
178
+ 3. For `SELL`, `INVEST`, and `POSITION`, include every commercial-spine move.
179
+ 4. Require every fact to prove a premise, resolve an objection, or enable
180
+ action. Narrow or remove unsupported claims.
181
+ 5. Return ready-to-use copy first. Do not expose chain-of-thought, mode labels,
182
+ planning scaffolds, or rule-by-rule reasoning.
183
+ 6. Apply the written GEO/AEO layer only to written surfaces. Apply technical
184
+ publication checks only to indexable public surfaces.
185
+ 7. Apply the human-voice and AI-writing-tell gate to every deliverable,
186
+ including zero generated em dashes, smart quotes, stock templates, and
187
+ generated tripartite rhetoric.
188
+ 8. Never invent a fact, route, price, result, source, urgency, scarcity,
189
+ testimonial, comparison, market claim, or proof point.
190
+
191
+ This is a decision system, not a visible template. Vary the surface structure
192
+ while preserving the required reasoning moves.
193
+
194
+ ## Source basis and authority
195
+
196
+ This handbook synthesizes the Agora writing reference, the consolidated
197
+ human-voice reference, and three research reports. The research informs the
198
+ rules but does not override the scope or limits of its evidence.
199
+
200
+ Supplied source set:
201
+
202
+ - User-provided transcript: `agora style marketing.md` (received 2026-07-17).
203
+ - User-maintained consolidated reference: `Anti-AI-Writing-Tells.md` (updated
204
+ 2026-07-17). It preserves every operational ban from the earlier
205
+ `ai-writing-tells-reference (1).md`, removes unsupported numerical detection
206
+ claims and fixed editing quotas, and adds evidence-backed limits.
207
+ - User-provided research: `Emotional Persuasion and Argument Sequencing in
208
+ Marketing and Sales.md` (received 2026-07-17).
209
+ - User-provided research: `Evidence on Marketing Copy Length and Structure
210
+ Across Digital Formats.md` (received 2026-07-17).
211
+ - User-provided research: `Current Evidence on AI Search Visibility Across
212
+ ChatGPT Search, Claude Web Search, Perplexity, Gemini and Google AI Overviews,
213
+ Bing Copilot, and Grok.md` (received 2026-07-17).
214
+ - CiteSurge-only repository authorities: `content/ai-writing-tells.md`,
215
+ `content/ai-writing-tells.ts`, `docs/product/content-audit.md`,
216
+ `docs/staff/02-marketing-runbook.md`, and
217
+ `docs/staff/public-claim-ledger.md`.
218
+
219
+ - The Agora transcript supplies the argument-first doctrine. It is a
220
+ direct-response lens, not a universal law or factual claim source.
221
+ - The human-voice reference supplies an editing model based on pattern density,
222
+ specificity, source fidelity, and author ownership. It does not promise
223
+ detector evasion.
224
+ - The persuasion research supports argument quality, vivid concrete imagery,
225
+ positive affect, diagnostic proof, and manageable information load. It also
226
+ shows that narrative, fear, guilt, scarcity, loss framing, and mechanism
227
+ language are conditional tools rather than universal conversion laws.
228
+ - The copy-structure research supports format-specific decisions and testing,
229
+ not one universal short-copy rule.
230
+ - The AI-search research supports clear, self-contained, evidence-bearing
231
+ passages and engine-specific technical controls. It does not establish a
232
+ universal citation formula.
233
+ - `content/ai-writing-tells.ts` is the automated scanner authority for gated
234
+ CiteSurge public copy.
235
+ - `docs/staff/public-claim-ledger.md` controls what CiteSurge may claim in
236
+ public. It overrides examples, old copy, briefs, and this handbook.
237
+ - `docs/handbook/02-methodology-hiding-rule.md` controls what CiteSurge may
238
+ disclose about internal methods.
239
+ - Current product docs and live behavior control capability truth.
240
+
241
+ When this file is used outside CiteSurge, replace repository-specific claim and
242
+ methodology controls with the user's verified product truth, legal constraints,
243
+ brand guidance, and source ledger. If those materials are unavailable, do not
244
+ assume that an example in this file authorizes the claim.
245
+
246
+ Evidence labels used in this file:
247
+
248
+ | Label | Meaning |
249
+ |---|---|
250
+ | `A` | Current first-party or official documentation for the named system. |
251
+ | `B` | Controlled, peer-reviewed, preregistered, meta-analytic, or scoped reproducible research. |
252
+ | `C` | Observational platform data, vendor study, or bounded case evidence. |
253
+ | `D` | Contradiction, missing evidence, or an unresolved claim. Do not teach it as fact. |
254
+ | `HOUSE` | Editorial convention chosen for consistency and usability. |
255
+ | `EVIDENCE-INFORMED` | Direction supported within a limited population, channel, or outcome. |
256
+ | `TEST` | A practical starting variant that requires local measurement. |
257
+
258
+ Do not turn a `HOUSE`, `C`, or `TEST` rule into a scientific claim. No evidence
259
+ grade authorizes transfer to an unmeasured audience, channel, or outcome. A
260
+ result for attention, fluency, click-through, or reply rate is not evidence of
261
+ trust, qualified demand, citation, conversion, or revenue unless those outcomes
262
+ were measured separately.
263
+
264
+ ## Format router
265
+
266
+ Route the surface only after choosing the commercial mode. Surface rules change
267
+ delivery and publication checks; they do not change the commercial job.
268
+
269
+ | Asset class | Required treatment |
270
+ |---|---|
271
+ | `INDEXABLE_PUBLIC` | Agora argument, human-voice gate, full written GEO/AEO content gate, claim/source review, and technical publication handoff. |
272
+ | `PUBLIC_NON_INDEXABLE_WRITTEN` | Agora argument, human-voice gate, written semantic/evidence rules, and public claim review. Use for ads, social posts, decks, and PDFs without an indexable page. Skip canonical, schema, sitemap, and indexability checks. |
273
+ | `WRITTEN_PRIVATE` | Agora argument, human-voice gate, concrete entities, self-contained claims, and evidence fidelity. Skip crawl, canonical, sitemap, schema, and indexability checks because the asset has no public URL. |
274
+ | `SPOKEN_ONLY` | Agora argument, human cadence, and claim gate. Skip GEO/AEO formatting. Write for breath, delivery, timing, and listener comprehension. |
275
+ | `HYBRID` | Classify each output separately. A video script can be spoken-only; its public title, description, transcript, captions, show notes, and companion page are written assets. |
276
+
277
+ Keep CTA labels as short as clarity permits. Specificity and a predictable next
278
+ step outrank an arbitrary word count. For written public assets, optimize the
279
+ claim block around the CTA for extraction and evidence; do not stuff proof,
280
+ definitions, or query phrases into the button label.
281
+
282
+ Use the complete definition and applicable checks in the written GEO/AEO gate
283
+ below. No asset can promise citation, ranking, recommendation, or sale.
284
+
285
+ Channel rules cap tone without deleting the argument. For objective platforms
286
+ such as Crunchbase, write the strongest objective argument permitted and
287
+ explain any channel conflict after the copy.
288
+
289
+ ## Required brief
290
+
291
+ Capture these inputs before drafting. Infer only low-risk details from supplied
292
+ context; state consequential assumptions outside the final copy.
293
+
294
+ ```text
295
+ Explicit or inferred mode:
296
+ Asset class and channel:
297
+ Audience and buying context:
298
+ Awareness or intent stage:
299
+ Problem, desire, or decision:
300
+ Current belief:
301
+ Destination belief:
302
+ Offer, action, or investment relevance:
303
+ Verified proof and sources:
304
+ Claim and methodology limits:
305
+ Voice samples or brand traits:
306
+ Length and format constraints:
307
+ ```
308
+
309
+ If the brief contains several audiences, beliefs, or CTAs, choose one primary
310
+ path. Split distinct paths into separate assets rather than joining them with a
311
+ long sentence.
312
+
313
+ ## Build the argument
314
+
315
+ For `SELL`, `INVEST`, and `POSITION`, use this complete sequence:
316
+
317
+ 1. **Recognizable reality.** Name the situation in language the audience would
318
+ recognize.
319
+ 2. **Consequence or opportunity.** State one concrete business effect,
320
+ decision risk, or available gain without inventing severity or likelihood.
321
+ 3. **New decision criterion.** Establish what a credible choice must do.
322
+ 4. **Company or product mechanism.** Explain what changes, what causes the
323
+ change, why it matters, and what limits apply.
324
+ 5. **Defensible destination belief.** Land the supported conclusion that makes
325
+ the buying, investment, or positioning decision rational.
326
+ 6. **Action or investment relevance.** Present the next step, or explain why
327
+ the company merits evaluation when the channel does not permit a CTA.
328
+
329
+ Moves may share sentences; none may disappear. Broken assumptions, comparison,
330
+ diagnostic proof, after-state, objections, and illustration are optional
331
+ supporting moves. Use them only when they strengthen the required spine.
332
+
333
+ The compact logical form is:
334
+
335
+ ```text
336
+ The desired result requires X.
337
+ The current approach lacks X, within the stated scope.
338
+ This offer provides X, supported by Y.
339
+ Therefore this offer is a credible next step for this audience.
340
+ ```
341
+
342
+ This syllogism is a house derivation from the transcript's argument-first idea,
343
+ not a quoted Agora formula. If any premise cannot be proved, revise the premise
344
+ or reduce the claim.
345
+
346
+ Fit the expression to the decision without changing the sequence:
347
+
348
+ - For a high-consideration or B2B decision, a useful default is concrete stake,
349
+ truthful mechanism, diagnostic proof, relevant limits, brief illustration,
350
+ then CTA. Treat this as an evidence-aligned heuristic, not a universal law.
351
+ - For a low-cost, hedonic, or early-awareness asset, vivid use, positive affect,
352
+ and mental imagery may do more work before the proof. The claim still needs
353
+ support before the action.
354
+ - For `INFORM`, lead with the answer and preserve source fidelity. Do not
355
+ manufacture a buying argument.
356
+ - For `TRANSACT`, lead with the action or state. Do not manufacture a story or
357
+ commercial stake.
358
+
359
+ ### Argument continuity test
360
+
361
+ For every block, ask:
362
+
363
+ - What belief does the reader hold before this block?
364
+ - What new information or feeling does this block add?
365
+ - Why does the next block follow?
366
+ - Would deleting this block weaken the case?
367
+
368
+ Delete blocks that repeat the destination, decorate a claim, or smooth a
369
+ transition without adding information.
370
+
371
+ ## Emotion without hype
372
+
373
+ Emotion comes from a real situation and its consequence, not from inflated
374
+ word choice.
375
+
376
+ `HOUSE`: When several tensions would blur the decision, choose one primary
377
+ emotional job for the block:
378
+
379
+ - tension from a recognized problem;
380
+ - relief from reduced uncertainty or effort;
381
+ - control from clear evidence and a next step;
382
+ - ambition tied to a credible outcome;
383
+ - identity or belonging supported by the audience context;
384
+ - curiosity created by a meaningful information gap.
385
+
386
+ Then make it concrete:
387
+
388
+ ```text
389
+ Situation + consequence + available agency
390
+ ```
391
+
392
+ Prefer "Your team cannot tell which source shaped the answer" over "Navigate
393
+ the complex AI landscape with confidence." The first gives the reader a scene,
394
+ a problem, and a reason to care. The second asks generic words to carry the
395
+ emotion.
396
+
397
+ Rules:
398
+
399
+ - For truthful fear or risk, state bounded severity and likelihood, then give a
400
+ credible response-efficacy path. Do not leave the reader trapped.
401
+ - `HOUSE`: Prefer one dominant emotional tension when several would blur the
402
+ decision.
403
+ - Make the desired change observable in the reader's work or life.
404
+ - Prefer a concrete image or consequence to an extra adjective. Stronger
405
+ arguments, imagery, and positive affect can help persuasion; excessive
406
+ information load can hurt it. These are average effects, not permission to
407
+ decorate every sentence.
408
+ - Do not invent fears, motives, memories, pain, testimonials, urgency, or
409
+ scarcity.
410
+ - Do not shame, corner, or conceal material conditions.
411
+ - Preserve honest trade-offs. Trust is part of persuasion.
412
+
413
+ Conditional persuasion controls:
414
+
415
+ | Persuasion device | Safe operating rule |
416
+ |---|---|
417
+ | Narrative | Use a short story or scene to illustrate relevant evidence. Do not assume stories beat facts or use a story as proof. |
418
+ | Curiosity | Open a non-material information gap. Never hide mechanism, fit, price, risk, evidence, or the next step. |
419
+ | Fear or risk | State truthful, bounded severity and likelihood, then a credible response-efficacy path. Most supporting research is non-commercial. |
420
+ | Loss framing | `TEST` only. Compare it with neutral or gain framing and track intent and reactance, not attention alone. Agency does not make it reliably effective. |
421
+ | Guilt | Use sparingly, if at all. Never shame, coerce, or imply moral failure to force action. |
422
+ | Scarcity | State only a real, current, relevant limit. No fake inventory, countdown resets, or invented demand. |
423
+ | Social proof | Use auditable, comparable, scoped evidence. Popularity without relevance is not proof. |
424
+
425
+ Treat named psychological effects as hypotheses for the audience, channel, and
426
+ outcome. Never teach the lore that people always buy on emotion and justify
427
+ with logic, that stories always beat facts, or that one emotion-first sequence
428
+ works everywhere.
429
+
430
+ ## Mechanism controls
431
+
432
+ The Agora source favors a unique mechanism: a specific reason the offer can
433
+ produce the desired result. Keep the useful part; reject invented exclusivity.
434
+
435
+ A clear mechanism statement answers:
436
+
437
+ - What changes?
438
+ - What causes that change?
439
+ - Why is this approach relevant to the audience's problem?
440
+ - What evidence supports the difference?
441
+ - What conditions or limits apply?
442
+
443
+ Use "proprietary," "unique," "only," "superior," or market-leadership language
444
+ only when current evidence authorizes the exact claim. If the approach is
445
+ different but not exclusive, name the concrete difference. If it is standard,
446
+ explain its fit and execution instead of creating branded jargon.
447
+
448
+ A coherent, truthful causal explanation can make an offer easier to understand
449
+ and can raise perceived efficacy. It does not prove actual efficacy. A coined
450
+ mechanism is optional; a real reason to believe is not. Never retrofit technical
451
+ language around an unsupported outcome.
452
+
453
+ Reject a weak primary brand verb when a stronger factual operating verb is
454
+ available. `Shows`, `helps`, `supports`, and `built for` often hide the company
455
+ transformation. Prefer the exact supplied behavior, such as `records`,
456
+ `reconciles`, `routes`, or `turns`. Do not imply causality or performance that
457
+ the evidence does not establish.
458
+
459
+ For CiteSurge public copy, describe differentiation at the principle,
460
+ experience, evidence, and outcome level. Do not disclose prompts, formulas,
461
+ weights, thresholds, vendor routing, fixtures, classifiers, infrastructure, or
462
+ raw provider diagnostics. Vague "proprietary AI" language is not a substitute
463
+ for a reason to believe.
464
+
465
+ Run the education-leakage test: if the explanation teaches the category but
466
+ leaves the buyer equally likely to choose any competitor, decide whether
467
+ category building is intentional. If it is not, connect the lesson to the
468
+ offer's verified difference or fit. Never invent exclusivity to close the gap.
469
+
470
+ ## Proof and claim control
471
+
472
+ Argument strength is limited by proof strength. Choose evidence diagnostic of
473
+ the exact claim and decision before applying channel, GEO/AEO, voice, or length
474
+ rules. Require every fact to prove a premise, resolve an objection, or enable
475
+ action. A true fact that does none of those jobs is still clutter.
476
+
477
+ Do not turn an operational mismatch, exception, or review task into financial
478
+ risk, a control deficiency, compliance exposure, loss, or business impact
479
+ unless the supplied evidence supports that consequence. Keep the stake at the
480
+ supported task or decision.
481
+
482
+ As a `HOUSE` selection order, look for:
483
+
484
+ 1. Current, inspectable product behavior or a non-expired approved claim.
485
+ 2. First-hand or original evidence with a disclosed method and date.
486
+ 3. Current primary or official sources that support the exact statement.
487
+ 4. A verified demonstration, comparison, or consented case record.
488
+ 5. A verified, attributable testimonial within its real scope.
489
+ 6. Corroboration that is independent, comparable, current, and within scope.
490
+
491
+ Then name any material limitation that keeps the conclusion honest. A
492
+ limitation is not evidence. No proof means narrow or remove the claim; it does
493
+ not mean add adjectives.
494
+
495
+ Treat `emerging`, `growing`, `established`, `crowded`, `large`, `expanding`,
496
+ `increasingly`, `accelerating`, `rising`, `surging`, `rapidly`, and similar
497
+ category-stage or market-trend language as claims. When no market evidence is
498
+ supplied, name the category and current situation neutrally.
499
+
500
+ Do not add a generic disclaimer such as `outcomes are not guaranteed` merely
501
+ because a result claim is unavailable. Omit the result claim. Keep a
502
+ qualification only when it is material to the remaining copy or required by
503
+ law, policy, or the user.
504
+
505
+ Across persuasion research, statistics generally outperform a lone anecdote; a
506
+ relevant anecdote can still make an emotionally charged or self-relevant issue
507
+ concrete. Use the story to illustrate the evidence, not replace it. In online
508
+ review settings, valence, argument quality, usefulness, message trust, and
509
+ source credibility predict purchase intention; raw count alone is insufficient.
510
+ Category-specific automobile evidence shows that conflicting sources can reduce
511
+ intent and early sales. Treat comparability, recency, and consistency as
512
+ `HOUSE` proof-diagnosticity checks, and reconcile material discrepancies rather
513
+ than hiding them.
514
+
515
+ Keep claim types distinct:
516
+
517
+ | Type | Treatment |
518
+ |---|---|
519
+ | Fact | Verify source, wording, date, scope, and expiry. |
520
+ | Inference | Show what evidence supports it and retain uncertainty. |
521
+ | Opinion | Attribute ownership; do not present it as measured fact. |
522
+ | Promise | Confirm authority, delivery scope, conditions, and ability to perform. |
523
+
524
+ For CiteSurge:
525
+
526
+ - Only non-expired `LIVE` rows in `docs/staff/public-claim-ledger.md` may be
527
+ marketed as current.
528
+ - `LANDED_INACTIVE`, `OPEN_PENDING`, `FUTURE`, and `UNSUPPORTED` are not current
529
+ capabilities.
530
+ - Engine behavior claims need current primary support.
531
+ - Customer-facing copy must not expose HTTP codes, auth or quota failures,
532
+ scraping limits, probe names, raw exceptions, or implementation diagnostics.
533
+ - Do not promise that crawler access, schema, AI-readable files, or any single
534
+ content edit causes citation.
535
+ - Keep brand mention, source selection, answer absorption, visible citation,
536
+ referral, recommendation, conversion, and revenue as separate measures.
537
+ - Public positioning sells GEO/AEO. Use SEO only for necessary comparison,
538
+ decline, or replacement context; never sell it positively. Review every SEO
539
+ occurrence before publication.
540
+
541
+ ## Rejection gates
542
+
543
+ Reject and rebuild a `SELL`, `INVEST`, or `POSITION` draft when:
544
+
545
+ - it is only a category definition, claim-ledger paraphrase, or feature
546
+ inventory;
547
+ - an objective profile uses the shape `Company is [category] that [feature
548
+ list]` even though the supplied mechanism supports a decision problem or
549
+ company transformation;
550
+ - it has no felt stake, company transformation, or destination belief;
551
+ - one of the six commercial-spine moves disappeared to satisfy a short or
552
+ objective format;
553
+ - a paywall merely repeats plan facts without naming the blocked action and how
554
+ the supported upgrade change resolves it;
555
+ - its facts do not prove a premise, resolve an objection, or enable action;
556
+ - its primary brand verb is `shows`, `helps`, `supports`, or `built for` when a
557
+ supported causal or operating verb is available;
558
+ - a competitor name can replace the company without changing the claim;
559
+ - it uses compliance, formatting, or citability as a substitute for persuasion.
560
+
561
+ Also reject any draft that fails the proof, continuity, CTA, read-aloud,
562
+ defense, fidelity, or AI-writing-tell tests. Rebuild from the first failed
563
+ premise rather than polishing the surface.
564
+
565
+ ## Concision and format standard
566
+
567
+ There is no universal short-copy law. Write the shortest complete decision
568
+ path for the channel, audience, stage, device, traffic source, offer complexity,
569
+ language, and risk. One asset should still have one destination belief; one
570
+ block should do one main job; one sentence should carry one main claim.
571
+
572
+ Ranges below are editing controls or starting variants, not guaranteed optima:
573
+
574
+ | Format | Working rule | Status and limit |
575
+ |---|---|---|
576
+ | Headline | Aim for 3-9 words; review above 12. | `HOUSE` |
577
+ | Support line | Aim for 12-24 words; review above 30. | `HOUSE` |
578
+ | Sentence | Keep most at 20 words or fewer; review above 25. | `EVIDENCE-INFORMED` for accessibility, based on a small screen-reader study; not a conversion law. |
579
+ | Marketing paragraph | Usually 1-3 sentences; review above 75 words. | `HOUSE` |
580
+ | Hero | Test roughly 25-75 total words when mobile, high intent, or urgency favors compression. | `TEST`; no universal hero optimum. |
581
+ | Button CTA | Test 2-5 words, but use more when needed to make the action predictable. | `TEST`; clarity and transparency outrank brevity. |
582
+ | B2B cold email | Start around 50-100 words and 3-4 sentences, then ask for interest rather than a calendar commitment. | `EVIDENCE-INFORMED`, from large observational Gong datasets; not causal or universal. |
583
+ | Active-deal follow-up | Use roughly 3-6 short sentences with a specific next step; no hard word cap. | `TEST`; context carries more detail. |
584
+ | Warm personal email | Start around 50-120 words when no channel constraint says otherwise. | `HOUSE` |
585
+ | LinkedIn cold message | Test below roughly 400-500 characters with one reason to care and one low-friction ask. | `C` and `TEST`; LinkedIn findings are product- and use-case-specific. |
586
+ | Utility, product, or question-led page | Put the answer, offer, or decision aid in the first sentence or paragraph. | `HOUSE`, aligned with general web usability; do not force this onto narrative or editorial openings. |
587
+ | Long sales or comparison page | No global word cap. Put a useful summary before detail, use progressive disclosure, and chunk proof and objections. | `HOUSE`, aligned with general usability practice. |
588
+ | Comparison set | Test a static table around five or fewer options; reflow or use readable cards on mobile. | `TEST`; a usability starting point, not a ranking rule. |
589
+ | Paid ad | Obey the platform limit. Test personal or subjective framing for attention against objective, brand-consistent framing for conversion. | `TEST`; keep click-through and conversion separate. |
590
+ | Social post | No universal character optimum. Preserve the hook, useful substance, and readable shape. | `HOUSE`; test length in the actual platform and content category. |
591
+
592
+ On mobile, increase signal and reduce friction; do not merely delete words.
593
+ Preserve meaning, evidence, button clarity, and usable comparison structure. Do
594
+ not force legal qualifications, technical explanations, translations, or
595
+ complex decisions into a house range. Evidence and necessary qualification are
596
+ load-bearing; decorative setup is not.
597
+
598
+ ### Compression order
599
+
600
+ Cut in this order:
601
+
602
+ 1. repeated claims and empty recaps;
603
+ 2. throat-clearing and generic introductions;
604
+ 3. adjective stacks and intensifiers;
605
+ 4. formal transitions the logic does not need;
606
+ 5. unsupported claims and secondary examples;
607
+ 6. a secondary CTA or audience path.
608
+
609
+ Never cut a material condition, source, qualification, or next-step detail just
610
+ to hit a count.
611
+
612
+ Keep a sentence only if it does at least one job:
613
+
614
+ - advances the destination belief;
615
+ - proves a material claim;
616
+ - resolves a real objection;
617
+ - makes the action clear.
618
+
619
+ If deleting it changes nothing, delete it.
620
+
621
+ ## CTA standard
622
+
623
+ A CTA should feel like the next logical step, not a sudden hard-sell voice.
624
+
625
+ Every CTA must:
626
+
627
+ - ask for one concrete action;
628
+ - make the next screen, reply, or commitment predictable;
629
+ - match the audience's intent and the argument's promise;
630
+ - use a specific verb and object when space allows;
631
+ - avoid adding a new claim;
632
+ - use urgency or scarcity only when verified and material;
633
+ - point to a real route or action that works.
634
+
635
+ Choose one primary CTA intent. A long page may repeat the same action at useful
636
+ decision points; repetition does not create a second CTA path. In a cold B2B
637
+ message, a low-friction interest question can be more appropriate than asking
638
+ for a meeting immediately. In an active conversation or later deal stage, ask
639
+ for the specific next step. Treat both as context-sensitive starting rules.
640
+
641
+ Useful patterns, subject to route and offer truth:
642
+
643
+ | Intent | Pattern examples |
644
+ |---|---|
645
+ | Discover | `See the evidence`, `Read the method` |
646
+ | Compare | `Compare approaches`, `Compare plans` |
647
+ | Evaluate | `Review your gaps`, `View the plan` |
648
+ | Act | `Request an audit`, `Book a review` |
649
+
650
+ Prefer a precise action over `Learn more`, `Get started`, `Unlock your
651
+ potential`, or `Start your journey`, unless the surrounding interface already
652
+ makes the outcome unambiguous. Keep supporting proof or risk-reversal in nearby
653
+ microcopy, not inside the button. Claims such as "No card required" or a
654
+ response time must be verified before use.
655
+
656
+ ## Spoken delivery
657
+
658
+ Spoken work keeps the selected commercial mode and proof gate. `SELL`,
659
+ `INVEST`, and `POSITION` scripts still require the complete commercial spine,
660
+ but the moves should sound like one person making one case rather than reading
661
+ a framework aloud.
662
+
663
+ - Write for breath, emphasis, timing, and listener comprehension.
664
+ - Put the recognizable reality and stake early enough to orient the listener.
665
+ - Use concrete nouns and operating verbs. Cut stacked abstractions.
666
+ - Preserve qualifications and attribution without forcing citation syntax into
667
+ the spoken line.
668
+ - Read the script aloud and revise any sentence the intended speaker would not
669
+ say.
670
+ - Skip written GEO/AEO formatting for spoken-only delivery.
671
+ - Route every published title, description, transcript, caption, show note,
672
+ and companion page as a separate written surface.
673
+
674
+ ## Human voice and AI-writing-tell gate
675
+
676
+ Apply this gate to every Agora deliverable, including private writing, public
677
+ copy, interface text, outreach, editorial work, and spoken scripts. The goal is
678
+ not to disguise authorship. Produce specific, accurate, author-owned writing
679
+ that fits its channel and survives factual review.
680
+
681
+ The consolidated human-voice reference originates in Wikipedia's operational
682
+ AI-cleanup guidance. Editors use those patterns to flag and clean likely
683
+ model-written prose, and related editorial systems can adopt the same cues.
684
+ Agora therefore treats the listed items as mandatory output bans. One cue does
685
+ not prove authorship, and following the bans cannot guarantee non-detection.
686
+ Detector scores remain secondary signals with false-positive, domain-shift, and
687
+ versioning limits.
688
+
689
+ ### Global output bans
690
+
691
+ Unless immutable source text or an explicit legal, technical, brand, or user
692
+ requirement makes preservation necessary, final Agora copy must contain:
693
+
694
+ - zero generated em dashes;
695
+ - zero curly or smart quotation marks;
696
+ - zero prompt acknowledgements or task meta-commentary;
697
+ - zero stock phrase templates;
698
+ - zero generic significance tails;
699
+ - zero fabricated citations, quotations, anecdotes, memories, motives,
700
+ credentials, opinions, comparisons, or facts;
701
+ - zero banned vocabulary or connectives without a narrow documented exception;
702
+ - zero unneeded conclusion or recap paragraphs;
703
+ - zero generated tripartite templates;
704
+ - zero generated `Not only... but also...`, `not merely... but...`, or `not
705
+ just... but...` constructions;
706
+ - zero deliberate errors, fake informality, synonym soup, or detector-evasion
707
+ promises.
708
+
709
+ Use straight quotes. Replace each generated em dash with a comma, colon,
710
+ parentheses, or a new sentence. Preserve banned text only inside verified
711
+ quotations, legal wording, code, identifiers, proper names, required technical
712
+ terms, or other immutable material. `HOUSE` records the operational basis of
713
+ these rules; it does not make them optional.
714
+
715
+ Run a literal final-character sweep after drafting the ready copy and every
716
+ verification note. Replace generated U+2014, U+2018, U+2019, U+201C, and U+201D
717
+ punctuation with an ASCII alternative, including when restating a user's
718
+ unsupported phrase. A post-copy note cannot reintroduce a banned mark.
719
+
720
+ Run a separate triad sweep before delivery. Never generate the prose syntax
721
+ `X, Y, and Z` or `X, Y, or Z`; treat this as a mechanical output constraint.
722
+ Rewrite generated sequences of three parallel nouns, adjectives, clauses, or
723
+ sentence fragments. A flourish such as `measurement, traceability, and
724
+ discipline` fails. A recap such as `evidence capture, prioritization, and human
725
+ review` also fails; write `captures evidence and keeps prioritization under
726
+ human review`. Recast even sourced facts with a natural pair or connected
727
+ prose. Preserve the three-part syntax only inside immutable quoted or legal
728
+ text, a proper name, or text the user requires verbatim.
729
+
730
+ Scan the final prose from the last sentence backward. Find every generated
731
+ `, and` and `, or`; when it closes a three-part parallel sequence, rewrite it.
732
+ Check every occurrence, including the last sentence and any note. Do not stop
733
+ after the first repair.
734
+
735
+ ### Global core tests
736
+
737
+ - **Competitor-swap test:** if replacing the subject with any competitor leaves
738
+ the paragraph accurate, rewrite it with a real mechanism, fact, situation,
739
+ boundary, or point of view.
740
+ - **Read-aloud test:** if the intended speaker would not say it, revise it.
741
+ - **Defense test:** if the author would hesitate to defend a sentence in front
742
+ of the buyer, verify, qualify, or remove it.
743
+ - **Density test:** judge clusters and repeated templates, not one ordinary word
744
+ in isolation.
745
+ - **Fidelity test:** compare the revision against the fact ledger. Restore every
746
+ material condition, uncertainty, attribution, name, number, date, quotation,
747
+ citation, and technical term.
748
+
749
+ ### Banned vocabulary and connectives
750
+
751
+ Strip these terms by default. Retain one only when it is exact, load-bearing,
752
+ technically required, a verified proper name, immutable verbatim text, or an
753
+ explicit user or house requirement. Document why no concrete alternative is
754
+ more accurate.
755
+
756
+ - **Verbs:** `delve`, `underscore`, `showcase`, `foster`, `navigate` as a
757
+ metaphor, `harness`, `leverage`, `unlock`, `unleash`, `empower`, `streamline`,
758
+ `bolster`, `elevate`, `facilitate`, `enhance`, vague `optimize`, metaphorical
759
+ `drive`, metaphorical `craft`, `forge`, and `spearhead`.
760
+ - **Adjectives:** `pivotal`, `crucial`, `vital`, `essential`, `robust`,
761
+ `seamless`, `holistic`, `comprehensive`, `multifaceted`, `nuanced`,
762
+ `intricate`, `meticulous`, `profound`, `transformative`, `groundbreaking`,
763
+ `revolutionary`, `cutting-edge`, `state-of-the-art`, `world-class`,
764
+ `best-in-class`, `unparalleled`, `unprecedented`, `remarkable`, `noteworthy`,
765
+ `notable`, `significant`, `invaluable`, `indispensable`, `paramount`,
766
+ `breathtaking`, `stunning`, `vibrant`, `rich` in phrases such as `rich
767
+ history`, `bespoke`, and `curated`.
768
+ - **Nouns, especially as metaphors:** `tapestry`, `landscape`, `realm`,
769
+ `ecosystem`, `journey`, `testament`, `frontier`, `forefront`, `cornerstone`,
770
+ `backbone`, `lifeblood`, `powerhouse`, `trailblazer`, and `game-changer`.
771
+ - **Connectives:** `moreover`, `furthermore`, `additionally`, `in addition`,
772
+ `notably`, `importantly`, `indeed`, `in essence`, `in summary`, `in
773
+ conclusion`, `ultimately`, `that said`, `on the other hand`, and `on one
774
+ hand`.
775
+
776
+ Delete a connective when the relationship remains clear. When one is required
777
+ by a formal genre, use the shortest accurate transition.
778
+
779
+ ### Banned templates and significance tails
780
+
781
+ Delete every generated occurrence of:
782
+
783
+ - `It's important to note that...`;
784
+ - `It's worth noting` or `It's worth mentioning`;
785
+ - `In today's fast-paced world...`;
786
+ - `In the ever-evolving landscape of...`;
787
+ - `In the realm of...`;
788
+ - `A testament to...`;
789
+ - `Stands as a...`;
790
+ - `Serves as a...`;
791
+ - `Plays a crucial`, `pivotal`, or `vital role in...`;
792
+ - `Not only X but also Y`;
793
+ - `Whether you're X or Y...`;
794
+ - `From X to Y, [subject] has...`;
795
+ - `At its core...`;
796
+ - `When it comes to...`;
797
+ - `Navigating the complexities of...`;
798
+ - `Unlocking the potential of...`;
799
+ - `Harnessing the power of...`;
800
+ - `Paving the way for...`;
801
+ - `Setting the stage for...`;
802
+ - `Bringing X to the forefront`.
803
+
804
+ Delete generated tails such as:
805
+
806
+ - `..., emphasizing the significance of...`;
807
+ - `..., reflecting the continued relevance of...`;
808
+ - `..., underscoring the importance of...`;
809
+ - `..., highlighting its role in...`;
810
+ - `..., demonstrating its impact on...`;
811
+ - `..., marking a turning point in...`;
812
+ - `..., cementing its place as...`;
813
+ - `..., solidifying its reputation for...`;
814
+ - `..., showcasing its commitment to...`.
815
+
816
+ End with information or a specific, supportable inference.
817
+
818
+ ### Banned structural and typography patterns
819
+
820
+ Remove:
821
+
822
+ - prompt acknowledgements, including `Certainly`, `Of course`, `Absolutely`,
823
+ `Great question`, or any acknowledgement of the prompt;
824
+ - every paragraph ending with a summary or significance sentence;
825
+ - generated tripartite parallelism used as a rhetorical template;
826
+ - repeated or generated `Not only... but also...` structures;
827
+ - headings followed by a sentence that restates the heading;
828
+ - repeated `**Bold label:** sentence` bullets;
829
+ - balanced both-sides framing that refuses to make a supported claim;
830
+ - conclusions or summary sections in formats that do not need them;
831
+ - generic positive framing that replaces a fact;
832
+ - `Some argue... others contend...` without named sources;
833
+ - definitions repeated across sections;
834
+ - smooth transitions that conceal unrelated facts;
835
+ - topic sentences that restate headings;
836
+ - title case for generic concepts;
837
+ - mid-paragraph bold outside technical, accessibility, or explicit house needs.
838
+
839
+ Use zero generated em dashes and zero curly or smart quotes. Use straight
840
+ quotes. Use an en dash only when formal publication style requires it;
841
+ otherwise use a hyphen.
842
+
843
+ Reject prompt leakage immediately, including `Here is your article`, `As an AI
844
+ language model`, `Up to my last training update`, `I hope this helps`, `Let me
845
+ know if you would like`, `Certainly! Here's a`, `Sure, I can help with that`,
846
+ any task meta-commentary, or any reference to the commissioning user inside the
847
+ deliverable. Return the deliverable itself.
848
+
849
+ ### Author voice, genre, and meaning
850
+
851
+ When authentic author samples are available, profile recurring sentence length,
852
+ paragraph rhythm, formality, contractions, function words, punctuation,
853
+ qualification, directness, humor, openings, turns, and endings. Use stable habits
854
+ without copying phrases, subject matter, or one-off quirks. When samples are
855
+ missing, preserve credible individual choices and request author review rather
856
+ than inventing an idiolect.
857
+
858
+ Fit the genre. A professional email should surface context and request quickly.
859
+ An executive memo should lead with the decision or finding. Academic and legal
860
+ work must preserve required terminology and citations. Spoken work must sound
861
+ natural when read aloud. Written GEO/AEO work must remain specific without
862
+ forcing identical headings, paragraph lengths, or miniature conclusions.
863
+
864
+ Never humanize by changing facts, names, figures, dates, quotations, citations,
865
+ causality, uncertainty, legal meaning, or product terminology. Never upload
866
+ confidential, privileged, unpublished, regulated, or personally sensitive text
867
+ to an external detector or rewriting service without authorization and a review
868
+ of its retention and training terms.
869
+
870
+ ### Detector limits and research basis
871
+
872
+ Never promise that copy is "undetectable", claim that a detector score proves
873
+ authorship, or optimize toward one changing classifier at the expense of truth,
874
+ voice, or clarity. If detector testing is authorized, calibrate against several
875
+ known-human samples from the same author and genre, use multiple methods when
876
+ feasible, record tool and version, and stop detector-driven editing after two
877
+ rounds unless another pass independently improves the prose.
878
+
879
+ The earlier source gave `3-5x` em-dash usage and about `90%` experienced-reader
880
+ detection as numerical claims without a supporting source. Do not repeat those
881
+ numbers as scientific facts. This does not weaken any output ban. The bans are
882
+ mandatory because the source patterns are used operationally in Wikipedia-style
883
+ AI cleanup and related editorial screening, not because a percentage guarantees
884
+ detection or non-detection.
885
+
886
+ The human-voice reference grounds these limits in:
887
+
888
+ - [RAID benchmark](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.07940);
889
+ - [Krishna et al. on paraphrasing attacks](https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.13408);
890
+ - [DAMAGE shared task overview](https://aclanthology.org/2025.genaidetect-1.9/);
891
+ - [Practical examination of AI-generated text detectors](https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-naacl.271/);
892
+ - [Detector bias against non-native English writers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.02819);
893
+ - [GPTZero detector methodology](https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.13042);
894
+ - [Can AI-Generated Text be Reliably Detected?](https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.11156);
895
+ - [Almost AI, Almost Human](https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.15666);
896
+ - [Human heuristics for AI-generated language are flawed](https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.07271);
897
+ - [Function Word Adjacency Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.4469).
898
+
899
+ ### CiteSurge-only scanner controls
900
+
901
+ For gated CiteSurge public pages, the repository scanner enforces the global
902
+ prompt-leakage and quote bans and adds CiteSurge-only machine thresholds:
903
+
904
+ - prompt leakage or acknowledgement openers fail immediately;
905
+ - curly quote characters or entities in prose fail under the global rule;
906
+ - three or more watchlist indicators in one prose block fail;
907
+ - the same template or significance-tail fingerprint repeated twice fails;
908
+ - a single watchlist occurrence is informational, not an automatic failure.
909
+
910
+ Use `content/ai-writing-tells.md` for CiteSurge rationale and
911
+ `content/ai-writing-tells.ts` for its current scanner rules. Do not apply those
912
+ CiteSurge-specific thresholds, files, or release gates to another brand.
913
+
914
+ ## Written GEO/AEO and citability gate
915
+
916
+ Apply the semantic and evidence rules below to every written asset. Apply the
917
+ technical rules only when the asset has an indexable public URL. Public
918
+ non-indexable work still needs public-safe claims; private writing still needs
919
+ clear entities and source fidelity. Spoken-only assets skip this section unless
920
+ a written derivative is published.
921
+
922
+ "Fully GEO/AEO optimized" means maximum practical extractability,
923
+ verifiability, information value, and technical eligibility for the asset. It
924
+ does not mean guaranteed retrieval, selection, quotation, citation, ranking,
925
+ recommendation, referral, or sale. 2026 preprints provide descriptive,
926
+ observational, and experimental evidence for testing modular, self-contained,
927
+ evidence-bearing passages in some AI-search systems; they do not establish a
928
+ universal ranking formula.
929
+
930
+ ### Content requirements
931
+
932
+ 1. **Resolve the real question early when the format calls for it.** Utility,
933
+ product, comparison, and question-led content should put the answer, offer,
934
+ or decision aid in the first sentence or paragraph. A narrative or editorial
935
+ opening may begin with a relevant scene, but should reveal the subject and
936
+ value before the setup becomes a detour.
937
+ 2. **Name the entity and scope.** Use the full brand, product, category, market,
938
+ date, and population where ambiguity would weaken an extracted passage.
939
+ 3. **Build self-contained evidence blocks.** A useful paragraph should preserve
940
+ its subject, claim, support, and material limit when quoted alone. Replace
941
+ vague dependencies such as "this," "it," and "as above" when context would
942
+ be lost.
943
+ 4. **Keep evidence next to the claim.** Name and link the exact source, date
944
+ material facts, distinguish fact from inference, and state relevant limits.
945
+ Prefer current primary or first-party sources.
946
+ 5. **Add information gain.** Contribute original data, first-hand experience,
947
+ a useful comparison, a reproducible demonstration, a disclosure-safe method,
948
+ or a defensible point of view. Do not paraphrase category consensus and call
949
+ it insight.
950
+ 6. **Structure around reader intent.** Use descriptive headings, definitions,
951
+ lists, steps, tables, or FAQs only when they make the answer easier to use.
952
+ Q&A formatting by itself is not a citability strategy.
953
+ 7. **Make provenance visible.** For public editorial work, show a verified
954
+ author or publisher, publication or review date, sources, and relevant
955
+ disclosures. Treat these as trust and verification practices, not universal
956
+ ranking factors.
957
+ 8. **Link contextually.** Connect the page to the most relevant evidence,
958
+ capability, comparison, trust, or next-step page. Do not chase arbitrary
959
+ internal-link counts.
960
+ 9. **Keep surfaces consistent.** Visible copy, metadata, structured data,
961
+ feeds, sales material, and machine-readable surfaces must describe the same
962
+ facts and scope.
963
+ 10. **Measure distinct events.** Record the engine or surface, prompt or topic,
964
+ market, date, and observed output. Keep brand mention, source selection,
965
+ answer absorption, visible citation, referral, recommendation, conversion,
966
+ and revenue separate.
967
+
968
+ ### Emotional marketing plus extractability
969
+
970
+ Emotion can earn attention; a self-contained evidence block can support
971
+ understanding and verification. A useful page-level sequence is:
972
+
973
+ 1. a concise hook that names a real tension or desired change;
974
+ 2. an early plain-language answer or value claim;
975
+ 3. self-contained blocks for mechanism, evidence, comparison, and limits;
976
+ 4. one primary CTA intent that follows from the supported conclusion.
977
+
978
+ The hero may carry more emotion. Proof sections should carry more diagnostic
979
+ facts. Both must use the same destination belief and claim scope. Do not repeat
980
+ this four-part shape mechanically across every section.
981
+
982
+ ### Engine-specific boundaries
983
+
984
+ These controls were verified against official documentation on 2026-07-17.
985
+ Recheck them before an engine-specific recommendation; crawler names and product
986
+ behavior can change.
987
+
988
+ | System | Safe rule |
989
+ |---|---|
990
+ | ChatGPT Search | `OAI-SearchBot` is the Search crawler; `GPTBot` concerns potential model training; `ChatGPT-User` performs user-initiated fetches. Permission can affect eligibility, not inclusion. ChatGPT referrals can be identified with `utm_source=chatgpt.com`. |
991
+ | Claude web search | `Claude-SearchBot`, `ClaudeBot`, and `Claude-User` have different purposes. Blocking Search or User access may reduce visibility. Do not claim a first-party citation or referral analytics method unless Anthropic documents one. |
992
+ | Perplexity | Treat `PerplexityBot` and `Perplexity-User` separately. Current official descriptions of robots behavior are not fully consistent, so name the agent, action, source, and date rather than saying Perplexity simply respects or ignores `robots.txt`. |
993
+ | Google AI Overviews and AI Mode | Google Search controls and Googlebot govern Search eligibility. `Google-Extended` is separate and does not control inclusion or ranking in Google Search. Google requires no special AI schema, AI text file, or special page structure; `llms.txt` is ignored by Google Search. |
994
+ | Bing and Copilot | Bing Webmaster Tools AI Performance and Microsoft Clarity can distinguish some citations, queries, and referrals. Citation count is not proof of prominence, answer contribution, accuracy, or conversion. IndexNow is a Bing-supported freshness mechanism, not a cross-engine ranking tactic. |
995
+ | Grok | xAI documents web-search results and citations for its API. Its `citations` field can include every URL encountered during tool search, while inline citations are answer-linked and not guaranteed; do not count every encountered URL as visible support. Public site-owner controls for Grok crawling, indexing, and training are not established in the reviewed official material. Mark them unknown rather than inferring them. |
996
+
997
+ Never import one engine's crawler, metadata, structured-data, or measurement
998
+ rule into another engine without first-party support.
999
+
1000
+ ### Indexable-public technical handoff
1001
+
1002
+ Copy alone cannot complete GEO/AEO. Confirm or hand off checks for:
1003
+
1004
+ - one stable, accessible canonical URL and intentional indexability;
1005
+ - important claims and evidence available in robust, accessible page content;
1006
+ - intentional, engine-specific crawler policy;
1007
+ - HTTPS, stable delivery, useful status behavior, and crawlable links;
1008
+ - sitemap discovery and truthful freshness dates where applicable;
1009
+ - descriptive metadata aligned with visible copy;
1010
+ - contextual internal links and useful image alternatives;
1011
+ - valid structured data that matches visible facts and a supported use case;
1012
+ - consistent author, publisher, organization, and product identities.
1013
+
1014
+ Prefer important evidence in normal accessible HTML for retrieval robustness,
1015
+ but do not claim that every engine ignores client-rendered content, PDFs,
1016
+ images, or other formats. Structured data can clarify meaning or qualify a page
1017
+ for documented features; it does not guarantee AI selection or citation.
1018
+ Google documents no special AI schema. OpenAI's documented structured metadata
1019
+ use is currently specific to Shopping, not a general ChatGPT ranking rule.
1020
+ Never invent questions, authors, dates, ratings, products, or organization
1021
+ facts for markup. Do not require `llms.txt`; Google ignores it and a citation
1022
+ effect is unproved elsewhere.
1023
+
1024
+ ### GEO/AEO anti-patterns
1025
+
1026
+ Reject:
1027
+
1028
+ - keyword or entity stuffing;
1029
+ - long copy written only to satisfy a word count;
1030
+ - thin definition pages and minor-query variants;
1031
+ - hidden answer text or machine-only claims;
1032
+ - fake statistics, false precision, or source laundering;
1033
+ - FAQ or Q&A blocks added only as a citability tactic;
1034
+ - duplicated passages with swapped keywords;
1035
+ - crawler permission presented as retrieval, selection, or citation;
1036
+ - structured data, authorship, dates, direct answers, or HTML rendering
1037
+ presented as universal ranking factors;
1038
+ - citation count treated as answer contribution, accuracy, endorsement,
1039
+ prominence, referral, or conversion;
1040
+ - `llms.txt`, IndexNow, or an engine-specific crawler rule presented as a
1041
+ universal requirement;
1042
+ - observational movement presented as causal lift;
1043
+ - generic AI phrasing that lowers specificity and information value.
1044
+
1045
+ ## Operational workflow
1046
+
1047
+ 1. **Commercial job.** Choose the explicit or inferred mode, audience,
1048
+ decision, and action or investment relevance. Route the surface separately.
1049
+ 2. **Destination belief.** Write one supportable conclusion before drafting.
1050
+ 3. **Argument.** Build the full commercial spine for `SELL`, `INVEST`, and
1051
+ `POSITION`. Use only needed moves for `INFORM` and `TRANSACT`.
1052
+ 4. **Proof gate.** Attach evidence to each premise, preserve limits, and remove
1053
+ facts that do not prove a premise, resolve an objection, or enable action.
1054
+ 5. **Channel formatting.** Fit the channel without deleting the argument. Honor
1055
+ explicit length and format constraints when they do not require factual
1056
+ distortion.
1057
+ 6. **Written GEO/AEO when applicable.** Apply semantic and evidence rules to
1058
+ written work. Add technical checks only for indexable public work.
1059
+ 7. **AI-writing-tell edit.** Apply the global human-voice bans and tests without
1060
+ changing factual meaning.
1061
+ 8. **Compression.** Cut repetition and decoration last. Preserve proof,
1062
+ qualifications, the destination belief, action relevance, and any explicit
1063
+ usable length range.
1064
+
1065
+ Use the sequence exactly: `Commercial job -> destination belief -> argument ->
1066
+ proof gate -> channel formatting -> written GEO/AEO when applicable ->
1067
+ AI-writing-tell edit -> compression.`
1068
+
1069
+ For CiteSurge public changes, pass every changed marketing file or directory
1070
+ explicitly to `npm run dev:ai-writing-tells:scan --`, then run:
1071
+
1072
+ ```powershell
1073
+ npm run dev:public:claim-safety:smoke
1074
+ ```
1075
+
1076
+ No-argument AI scan covers only its default gated page set. Pass every changed
1077
+ marketing path explicitly. Inspect rendered copy and all changed metadata,
1078
+ schema, feed, sitemap, or AI-readable surfaces.
1079
+
1080
+ Published Insights also require a reviewer independent from the draft owner.
1081
+ That reviewer checks rendered article, sources, claim scope, methodology
1082
+ boundary, metadata, schema, feed, and AI-readable summary. Automated checks do
1083
+ not replace this review; publication stays blocked when it is unavailable.
1084
+
1085
+ ## Applied weak and strong pairs
1086
+
1087
+ These fictional pairs use the same stated facts on both sides. They teach
1088
+ construction, not standing claims. Replace every fact and CTA with verified
1089
+ product truth before use.
1090
+
1091
+ ### Company positioning
1092
+
1093
+ Verified facts:
1094
+
1095
+ > Rivet reconciles purchase orders against invoices and receipts. It flags
1096
+ > discrepancies before routing exceptions to finance teams. No performance or
1097
+ > savings claims are supplied. No traction or market claims are supplied.
1098
+
1099
+ Weak:
1100
+
1101
+ > Rivet is B2B finance software for reconciliation and exception routing.
1102
+
1103
+ Strong:
1104
+
1105
+ > Finance teams have to investigate when purchase orders do not agree with
1106
+ > invoices or receipts. A useful system must identify the mismatch and put it
1107
+ > into an actionable queue. Rivet reconciles those records and flags
1108
+ > discrepancies before routing exceptions to finance. It turns document
1109
+ > matching into exception work the team can act on.
1110
+
1111
+ The weak version defines a category and inventories features. The strong
1112
+ version makes the operational stake clear and establishes the criterion. It
1113
+ then shows the transformation that supports the company position without
1114
+ adding a performance claim.
1115
+
1116
+ ### Investor description
1117
+
1118
+ Verified facts:
1119
+
1120
+ > Northstar measures how major AI answer systems represent brands and whether
1121
+ > they cite them. It records each answer with its prompt and market context.
1122
+ > The record also preserves evidence limits. Human-reviewed findings become
1123
+ > prioritized content or technical work. The product includes dashboards and
1124
+ > reports. It also provides
1125
+ > multi-brand workspaces plus programmatic access through an API and MCP.
1126
+ > Webhooks are also available. No traction or leadership claims are supplied.
1127
+ > No pricing or market-size claims are supplied. No performance claims are
1128
+ > supplied.
1129
+
1130
+ Weak:
1131
+
1132
+ > Northstar is enterprise GEO software with dashboards and human-reviewed
1133
+ > reports.
1134
+
1135
+ Strong:
1136
+
1137
+ > Brand teams cannot choose precise work from an AI answer they cannot trace to
1138
+ > the original prompt and market context or to the sources it cited. Northstar
1139
+ > records that evidence with its limits. It then turns supported findings into
1140
+ > prioritized content or technical work under human review. Multi-brand
1141
+ > workspaces and programmatic access make the evidence usable across an
1142
+ > enterprise. For investors, Northstar is workflow software for turning
1143
+ > observed AI brand representation into governed action.
1144
+
1145
+ The strong version states the decision problem and mechanism. It keeps the
1146
+ boundary visible, shows the company transformation and lands the investment
1147
+ relevance. It does not invent traction or outcomes.
1148
+
1149
+ ### Hero
1150
+
1151
+ Verified facts:
1152
+
1153
+ > Northstar records observed AI answers with their citation URLs. Each record
1154
+ > keeps its prompt and market context attached. It also preserves evidence
1155
+ > limits. Supported findings become prioritized work. An evidence-review route
1156
+ > exists.
1157
+
1158
+ Weak:
1159
+
1160
+ > Better AI visibility for every brand.
1161
+
1162
+ Strong:
1163
+
1164
+ > An AI answer without its prompt and market context or its citation record
1165
+ > cannot support a precise content decision. Northstar keeps that evidence
1166
+ > attached before turning supported findings into prioritized work. Review the
1167
+ > evidence.
1168
+
1169
+ The CTA follows from the mechanism and points to a verified route. The copy
1170
+ does not promise visibility or citation. It makes no performance claim.
1171
+
1172
+ ### Paywall
1173
+
1174
+ Verified facts:
1175
+
1176
+ > Briefcase Free permits three active client reports. All three slots are in
1177
+ > use. Briefcase Pro removes the active-report limit and includes PDF export.
1178
+ > An upgrade route exists. No savings or urgency claim is supplied.
1179
+
1180
+ Weak:
1181
+
1182
+ > Get more from Briefcase. Upgrade now.
1183
+
1184
+ Strong:
1185
+
1186
+ > All three Free plan report slots are in use. To create another active client
1187
+ > report, choose a plan with a higher limit. Pro removes the active-report
1188
+ > limit and includes PDF export. Upgrade to Pro.
1189
+
1190
+ The strong version ties the current state to the decision criterion and plan
1191
+ mechanism. It lands the destination belief and action without fake urgency.
1192
+
1193
+ ### Cold email
1194
+
1195
+ Verified facts:
1196
+
1197
+ > In a saved audit, Acme appeared in two buyer-question answers. Neither answer
1198
+ > visibly cited an Acme page. The audit preserves each answer with its prompt
1199
+ > and citation record. It contains three supported proposed fixes. The sender
1200
+ > can share it.
1201
+
1202
+ Weak:
1203
+
1204
+ > Hi Sam, we offer a data-led answer-engine audit with actionable insights for
1205
+ > brands. Are you free for a call?
1206
+
1207
+ Strong:
1208
+
1209
+ > Hi Sam,
1210
+ >
1211
+ > Acme appeared in two buyer-question answers I checked, but neither answer
1212
+ > visibly cited an Acme page. That leaves no Acme source in the visible citation
1213
+ > record for your team to inspect. I saved each answer with its prompt and
1214
+ > citation record. The short audit also contains three supported proposed
1215
+ > fixes. Want me to send it?
1216
+
1217
+ The strong version uses a verified observation as the stake and explains the
1218
+ evidence boundary. It asks for the smallest logical next action.
1219
+
1220
+ ### Spoken pitch
1221
+
1222
+ Verified facts:
1223
+
1224
+ > Rivet reconciles purchase orders against invoices and receipts. It flags
1225
+ > discrepancies before routing exceptions to finance teams. The audience is
1226
+ > investors. No traction or market-size evidence is supplied. No savings or
1227
+ > performance evidence is supplied.
1228
+
1229
+ Weak:
1230
+
1231
+ > Rivet is a B2B software platform for finance teams with reconciliation and
1232
+ > exception-management capabilities.
1233
+
1234
+ Strong:
1235
+
1236
+ > Finance teams do not need a longer list of mismatched documents. They need
1237
+ > each exception identified and sent to the people who can resolve it. Rivet
1238
+ > reconciles the purchase order against the invoice and receipt. It flags the
1239
+ > discrepancy before routing the exception to finance. For investors, Rivet is
1240
+ > workflow software at the point where mismatched records become work.
1241
+
1242
+ The strong version is written for breath. It makes the stake and criterion
1243
+ audible before explaining the mechanism. It lands the destination belief with
1244
+ investment relevance. It claims neither speed nor savings. It makes no
1245
+ market-leadership claim.
1246
+
1247
+ ## Release checklist
1248
+
1249
+ - [ ] Explicit or inferred commercial mode, separately routed surface,
1250
+ audience, destination belief, and action relevance are clear.
1251
+ - [ ] `SELL`, `INVEST`, and `POSITION` include every commercial-spine move in
1252
+ the required order, even when moves share sentences.
1253
+ - [ ] Stakes come from a real situation and leave the reader with agency.
1254
+ - [ ] Narrative, fear, loss, guilt, scarcity, curiosity, and social proof obey
1255
+ their conditional and ethical controls.
1256
+ - [ ] Each premise is verified, qualified, or removed.
1257
+ - [ ] The proof gate ran before channel, GEO/AEO, voice, and compression work.
1258
+ - [ ] Every fact proves a premise, resolves an objection, or enables action.
1259
+ - [ ] Mechanism is concrete, disclosure-safe, and passes the education-leakage
1260
+ test.
1261
+ - [ ] The primary brand verb states a supported transformation rather than
1262
+ defaulting to `shows`, `helps`, `supports`, or `built for`.
1263
+ - [ ] Every block advances, proves, resolves, or directs; setup and recaps are
1264
+ cut.
1265
+ - [ ] Length and structure fit the format; no `HOUSE` or `TEST` range is treated
1266
+ as a universal performance law.
1267
+ - [ ] Objective channel rules cap tone without deleting the argument; any
1268
+ material channel conflict appears after the ready copy.
1269
+ - [ ] CTA names a real next action and adds no new claim.
1270
+ - [ ] Competitor-swap, read-aloud, defense, and density tests pass.
1271
+ - [ ] Zero banned vocabulary, connectives, templates, significance tails,
1272
+ generated em dashes, curly or smart quotes, and generated tripartite rhetoric
1273
+ without a narrow documented exception.
1274
+ - [ ] No fabricated detail, fake urgency, prompt leakage, artificial human
1275
+ texture, or detector promise.
1276
+ - [ ] Written utility, product, comparison, and question-led copy answers early;
1277
+ all written copy names entities and keeps key evidence blocks self-contained.
1278
+ - [ ] Material written claims have exact, current, preferably primary sources.
1279
+ - [ ] Material inconsistencies across sources are reconciled or disclosed.
1280
+ - [ ] Structure, authorship, freshness, disclosures, and links serve reader
1281
+ intent.
1282
+ - [ ] Public visible and machine-readable surfaces agree; indexable work has a
1283
+ technical handoff.
1284
+ - [ ] No stuffing, thin variants, machine-only text, or citation guarantee.
1285
+ - [ ] Engine-specific crawler and measurement rules were reverified and were not
1286
+ generalized across engines.
1287
+ - [ ] CiteSurge public claims map to non-expired `LIVE` rows.
1288
+ - [ ] CiteSurge methodology and customer-safety boundaries hold.
1289
+ - [ ] Brand mention, source selection, answer absorption, visible citation,
1290
+ referral, recommendation, conversion, and revenue stay distinct.
1291
+ - [ ] GEO/AEO remains CiteSurge's sales frame; every SEO occurrence is reviewed.
1292
+ - [ ] Required smokes and independent editorial review pass where applicable.
1293
+ - [ ] Author can defend every sentence.
1294
+ - [ ] Ready-to-use copy appears first, with no exposed mode, scaffold, or
1295
+ private reasoning.
1296
+
1297
+ ## Experiment and learning standard
1298
+
1299
+ Use local testing to adapt a `HOUSE`, `C`, `EVIDENCE-INFORMED`, or `TEST` rule.
1300
+ Do not convert a weak experiment into doctrine.
1301
+
1302
+ 1. Change one variable family and pre-register the audience, decision stage,
1303
+ primary outcome, minimum useful effect, and guardrails. If several elements
1304
+ change, label the test a full-page or full-message variant.
1305
+ 2. Randomize the correct unit and control repeat exposure, sales-rep effects,
1306
+ account overlap, and channel contamination where relevant.
1307
+ 3. Calculate sample size from the current baseline, minimum useful effect,
1308
+ power target, clustering, and multiple comparisons. Never copy a source
1309
+ study's sample size as the new requirement.
1310
+ 4. Run through the relevant business cycle. Do not stop when a result first
1311
+ becomes favorable unless a sequential design and stopping rule were declared.
1312
+ 5. Keep click-through, conversion, reply, meeting, qualified lead, close,
1313
+ citation, referral, and revenue metrics separate.
1314
+ 6. Track quality and harm guardrails: accessibility, comprehension, negative
1315
+ replies, spam reports, unsubscribes, cost, downstream fit, and trust signals.
1316
+ 7. Segment only when pre-declared and sufficiently powered.
1317
+ 8. Record positive, null, mixed, harmful, and inconclusive outcomes.
1318
+ 9. With low traffic, prefer comprehension tests, usability sessions, message
1319
+ interviews, or sequential learning batches over underpowered causal claims.
1320
+ 10. Promote a rule only when the observed effect matches the intended outcome
1321
+ and survives the declared guardrails.
1322
+
1323
+ ## Evidence register
1324
+
1325
+ This register records the durable sources used to turn the supplied research
1326
+ into operating rules. It deliberately excludes the reports' non-portable
1327
+ session citation tokens.
1328
+
1329
+ ### Persuasion, emotion, mechanism, and proof
1330
+
1331
+ | Evidence | Grade | Operational use and limit |
1332
+ |---|---:|---|
1333
+ | [Verbal persuasion in marketing meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-025-01095-4) | `B` | Across 308 studies, argument quality, mental imagery, and positivity were positively associated with persuasion while information load was negative. Outcomes and moderators vary; this is not a conversion formula. |
1334
+ | [Delayed narrative-persuasion meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqaa005) and [registered narrative-correction report](https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-020-00266-x) | `B` | Narrative effects are small and conditional; equating information and comprehension can remove the advantage. Use narrative to illustrate, not replace, proof. |
1335
+ | [Anecdotal versus statistical evidence meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.01.006) | `B` | Statistics generally persuade more; anecdotes can help under high emotion or self-relevance. Match evidence to context without treating one story as representative. |
1336
+ | [Mechanism-based claim experiments](https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucae066) | `B` | A coherent causal chain can increase fluency and perceived efficacy. The experiments do not establish actual product efficacy. |
1337
+ | [Online review meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dim.2023.100058), [eWOM predictor meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-019-09924-y), and [source-credibility meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.005) | `B` | Valence, argument quality, usefulness, message trust, expertise, and relevance matter. Purchase intention is not always observed purchase behavior. |
1338
+ | [Multi-source inconsistency research](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2021.01.003) | `B` | In an automobile experiment and sales analysis, conflicting sources reduced intent and early sales. Generalize cautiously beyond high-consideration durable goods. |
1339
+ | [Fear-appeal meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039729) and [efficacy follow-up](https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqab049) | `B` | Average effects were positive, mainly outside commercial marketing; credible response efficacy is important. This does not license exaggeration or coercion. |
1340
+ | [Guilt meta-analysis](https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1201631), [scarcity-backfire experiments](https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1225011), and recent [loss-framing attention](https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf006) and [reactance](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115684) studies | `B` | Guilt effects are small, scarcity can backfire, and loss framing can trade attention for reactance or lower intent. Use only truthfully and test the target outcome. |
1341
+
1342
+ ### Copy length, structure, and CTA design
1343
+
1344
+ | Evidence | Grade | Operational use and limit |
1345
+ |---|---:|---|
1346
+ | [Sentence-length study with screen-reader users](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49282-3_18) | `B` | A small study of 21 users favored 16-20-word sentences for comprehension. It supports an accessibility editing trigger, not a universal marketing optimum. |
1347
+ | [WCAG 2.2 guidance on headings and labels](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/headings-and-labels) | `A` | Headings and labels should describe topic or purpose and need not be long. Descriptiveness outranks minimal word count. |
1348
+ | Gong analyses of [executive cold email length](https://www.gong.io/blog/do-execs-really-reply-to-cold-email-here-s-what-the-data-says), [cold-email structure](https://www.gong.io/files/gong-guide-how-to-master-cold-email-get-the-data-backed-guide-based-on-85-million-emails.pdf), [cold CTA type](https://www.gong.io/blog/this-surprising-cold-email-cta-will-help-you-book-a-lot-more-meetings), and [later-stage sales email](https://www.gong.io/blog/how-to-write-a-sales-email) | `C` | Large observational sales datasets support short first-touch messages, interest CTAs when cold, and more specific asks later. Vendor population, selection, and outcome limits remain. |
1349
+ | LinkedIn guidance for [recruiter InMail](https://www.linkedin.com/business/talent/blog/product-tips/tips-for-writing-inmails-from-linkedin-recruiters), [Sponsored Messaging](https://business.linkedin.com/advertise/ads/sponsored-messaging/tips), and [LinkedIn ad formats](https://www.linkedin.com/business/marketing/blog/linkedin-ads/a-b2b-marketers-guide-to-every-linkedin-ad-type) | `C` | Shorter message bodies performed better in the named LinkedIn products and datasets. Do not generalize their character ranges to all direct messages. |
1350
+ | [Computational-advertising text-style field study](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fmre.2021.11.004) | `B` | Subjective, personalized text produced higher click-through while objective, brand-consistent text produced higher conversion in the studied system. Treat this as a channel-specific test hypothesis, not a universal funnel rule. |
1351
+
1352
+ ### AI-search visibility and citability
1353
+
1354
+ | Evidence | Grade | Operational use and limit |
1355
+ |---|---:|---|
1356
+ | [OpenAI crawler documentation](https://developers.openai.com/api/docs/bots) and [publisher FAQ](https://help.openai.com/en/articles/12627856-publishers-and-developers-faq) | `A` | Distinguishes Search, training, and user-fetch agents and documents ChatGPT referral tagging. Permission affects access or eligibility, not guaranteed inclusion. |
1357
+ | [OpenAI Shopping with ChatGPT Search](https://help.openai.com/en/articles/11128490-shopping-with-chatgpt-search) | `A` | Documents structured product metadata in the Shopping context only. It is not evidence for a general ChatGPT ranking or citation factor. |
1358
+ | [Anthropic crawler guidance](https://support.claude.com/en/articles/8896518-does-anthropic-crawl-data-from-the-web-and-how-can-site-owners-block-the-crawler) | `A` | Distinguishes Claude's crawler purposes. Do not infer analytics, ranking factors, or cross-engine rules. |
1359
+ | [Perplexity crawler documentation](https://docs.perplexity.ai/docs/resources/perplexity-crawlers) and [robots.txt help](https://www.perplexity.ai/help-center/en/articles/10354969-how-does-perplexity-follow-robots-txt) | `A` | Official pages verify the named agents and published controls. Their descriptions of robots behavior are not fully consistent, so the unresolved behavioral inference remains `D`; state the agent, action, source, and date. |
1360
+ | [Google AI-features guidance](https://developers.google.com/search/docs/appearance/ai-features) and [AI optimization guidance](https://developers.google.com/search/docs/fundamentals/ai-optimization-guide) | `A` | Normal Google Search eligibility and controls apply; no special AI schema, text file, or page structure is required. `Google-Extended` is separate from Search inclusion and ranking. |
1361
+ | [Bing AI Performance](https://blogs.bing.com/webmaster/February-2026/Introducing-AI-Performance-in-Bing-Webmaster-Tools-Public-Preview), [Microsoft Clarity AI citations](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/clarity/ai-visibility/ai-citations), and [IndexNow documentation](https://www.indexnow.org/documentation) | `A` | Supports engine-specific observation of citations, queries, referrals, and freshness submission. None alone proves answer contribution, prominence, accuracy, or business effect. |
1362
+ | [xAI web-search documentation](https://docs.x.ai/developers/tools/web-search) and [xAI citation documentation](https://docs.x.ai/developers/tools/citations) | `A` | Documents API search, encountered URLs, and inline citations. Site-owner crawl, index, and training controls remain `D` because they are unknown in the reviewed official material. |
1363
+ | [Selection and answer-absorption preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.25707) | `B` | Descriptive analysis with controlled prompts supports measuring source selection separately from answer absorption; it does not establish a structural intervention effect. |
1364
+ | [Multi-engine content-structure preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29979) | `B` | Reports experimental structural effects and supports testing self-contained, evidence-bearing passages. It remains a preprint and not a universal ranking rule. |
1365
+ | [Google AI Overview sourcing preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.14021) | `B` | Longitudinal observational evidence supports separating visible citation from claim fidelity. It is Google-specific and non-causal. |
1366
+
1367
+ ## Evidence maintenance
1368
+
1369
+ - Recheck official engine documentation every 30 days when this file is used
1370
+ for engine-specific technical advice, and immediately after a crawler,
1371
+ product, analytics, or policy change.
1372
+ - Check cited preprints quarterly for revisions, peer review, or retraction.
1373
+ - Recheck product claims, prices, routes, offers, and legal constraints at the
1374
+ time of use; do not rely on this file as their source of truth.
1375
+ - When adding a rule, record the channel, audience, population, measured
1376
+ outcome, date, evidence grade, and material limit.
1377
+ - Preserve contradictory and null evidence. Do not silently promote a vendor
1378
+ association or local test into a universal rule.
1379
+ - Use durable direct URLs or DOIs. Do not copy temporary research-session
1380
+ citation markers into this file.
1381
+
1382
+ ## Change log
1383
+
1384
+ | Date | Change |
1385
+ |---|---|
1386
+ | 2026-07-18 | Rebuilt the persuasion contract for v1.1.0 with explicit commercial modes, a mandatory commercial spine, proof-before-compliance construction, objective-channel limits, rejection gates, progressive loading, and factual weak/strong pairs. |
1387
+ | 2026-07-17 | Integrated three commissioned research reports; replaced session-bound research artifacts with durable sources; added portable LLM activation, evidence grades, conditional persuasion controls, format-specific length and CTA guidance, engine-specific GEO/AEO boundaries, and a testing standard. |